Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| neutralization studies with marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus. | use of marek's disease virus (mdv) in a neutralization test presents several problems, which are described, making this potentially useful test difficult. to obviate these difficulties, a plaque reduction test has been designed based on cross-neutralization of turkey herpesvirus (hvt) by serum-neutralizing mdv. the technique for such a neutralization test is outlined. kinetics of development of neutralizing antibodies in chickens inoculated with hvt and mdv are described. the neutralization test ... | 1973 | 4767297 |
| efficacy of turkey herpesvirus vaccine against marek's disease in broilers. | 1973 | 4773339 | |
| dose effect of herpesvirus of turkeys on protection of chickens from marek's disease. | 1973 | 4792400 | |
| immunologic relationship between jm and jmv leukosis strains and herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1973 | 4795894 | |
| [morphologic changes in chickens with marek's disease vaccinated with cell-associated turkey herpesvirus]. | 1974 | 4828793 | |
| ultrastructure of hamster kidney cell culture infected with herpesvirus. | hamster kidney cell culture was found susceptible to infection and replication of herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) as evidenced by cytopathic effect, induction of hvt-specific, complement-fixing antigen, and demonstration of virus particles by electron microscopy. viral structures at different developmental stages were observed. several infected cells showed a lamellar inclusion body possibly continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum. the function of these lamellar bodies is not known. | 1974 | 4842129 |
| the comparative influence of passive (maternal) antibodies in early exposure to jm virus of progeny chicks of dams vaccinated with jm-v leukosis strain and herpesvirus of turkey (hvt). | 1974 | 4854686 | |
| use of japanese quail embryo fibroblast cells for propagation and assay of turkey herpesvirus fc-126. | japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fibroblast cell culture monolayers were found to provide a very satisfactory system in which to propagate and assay turkey herpesvirus fc-126, which is used for production of marek's disease vaccine. japanese quail cells were more sensitive than duck cells and of approximately equal sensitivity to chicken cells. foci of infection developed rapidly and uniformly, were of larger size, and were more easily discernible in quail cells than in chicken cells. | 1974 | 4855648 |
| protection against marek's disease by vaccination with a herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1970 | 4913403 | |
| in vitro methods for assay of turkey herpesvirus. | 1972 | 5026286 | |
| performance response of a leghorn-type layer flock to turkey herpesvirus vaccine. | 1972 | 5026287 | |
| viral interference of types 1 and 2 plaque-producing agents derived from cal-1 strain of marek's disease herpesvirus and turkey herpesvirus. | 1972 | 5030950 | |
| turkey herpesvirus: lack of oncogenicity for turkeys. | 1972 | 5038659 | |
| in vitro assay of cell-free turkey herpesvirus. | 1972 | 5062812 | |
| induction of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and the oncogenicity of marek's disease virus. | leukocytes recovered from birds inoculated with an oncogenic strain of marek's disease virus synthesized deoxyribonucleic acid in vitro at a rate 7.9 times that of leukocytes from normal birds or birds inoculated with the nononcogenic herpesvirus of turkeys. a close relationship was observed between the level of in vitro deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and in vivo tumor formation. | 1972 | 5073927 |
| inoculation of one-day-old chicks with different strains of turkey herpesvirus. i. serological studies. | 1972 | 5079871 | |
| inoculation of one-day-old chicks with different strains of turkey herpesvirus. ii. virus replication in tissues of inoculated animals. | 1972 | 5079877 | |
| vaccination against marek's disease with cell-free turkey herpesvirus: interference by maternal antibody. | 1972 | 5079883 | |
| evaluation of dna homology of marek's disease virus, herpesvirus of turkeys and epstein-barr virus under varied stringent hybridization conditions. | marek's disease virus (mdv) showed only 0.3-0.6% homology in dna sequence with herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) at tm-24.4 degrees c in spite of its antigenic similarity to the latter. southern blot hybridization under stringent conditions showed that the homology between mdv and hvt is located in the restricted portion of these viral genomes. at tm-49.6 degrees c, which permits the detection of homology with one base mismatch in three between the mdv and hvt dnas, sequences with weak homology were ... | 1984 | 6086596 |
| comparative viral, immunologic, and pathologic responses of chickens inoculated with herpesvirus of turkeys as embryos or at hatch. | chickens were vaccinated with the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) at embryonation day 17 or 18 or at hatch and various responses of the 2 vaccinated groups were compared. in embryo-vaccinated chickens, hvt titers were high in the lungs before hvt could be isolated from other tissues. seemingly, embryos acquired infection via the respiratory tract. in hatch-vaccinated chickens, hvt was first isolated from spleen and then from other tissues. titers of recoverable hvt in tissues of embryo-vaccinated c ... | 1984 | 6089624 |
| vaccination against marek's disease and infectious bursal disease. ii. titration and in vivo efficacy of the coinfection-derived bivalent live vaccine for turkey herpesvirus and infectious bursal disease virus. | the bivalent hvt/ibdv live vaccine, developed by cocultivation of the turkey herpesvirus (hvt) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccine in cell cultures, was quantitated. the titer of each constituent virus could be successfully determined in vitro by pretreatment of the vaccine with anti-ibdv serum or chloroform (chcl3). studies in vivo further demonstrated that the anti-ibdv serum-treated hvt/ibdv vaccine lost its immunogenicity by failing to induce ibdv-neutralizing antibody or to p ... | 1984 | 6091083 |
| effect of infectious bursal disease virus on protection against marek's disease by turkey herpesvirus vaccine. | chickens inoculated at hatch with pathogenic infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and the turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vaccine were poorly protected against challenge at 1 week with virulent marek's disease virus (mdv). however, if vaccination with hvt preceded ibdv inoculation such as by embryonal vaccination with hvt and exposure to ibdv at hatch, or by vaccination at hatch and ibdv exposure 5 days or longer postvaccination, then the vaccinal efficacy of hvt was not influenced. further, the inhi ... | 1984 | 6091603 |
| processing of glycoprotein gb related to neutralization of marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | the glycoprotein gb related to neutralization of marek's disease virus (mdv) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) is composed of several glycosylated polypeptides, which were immunoprecipitated with monoclonal antibodies and rabbit antiserum cross-reactive to mdv-gb and hvt-gb, and analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the present pulse-chase experiments showed that the precursor forms of mdv- and hvt-gb were glycoproteins with molecular weights of 110k to 115k (gp115/110) and 115k (gp ... | 1984 | 6094991 |
| latent herpesvirus infection of testes and spinal ganglia of turkeys with semen abnormalities. | the present study confirms that herpesviruses (lf) previously isolated from testes and buffy coat cells of male turkeys with semen abnormalities establish a latent infection in testicular cells. these experiments also present the first evidence that these herpesviruses are harbored latently in cells of spinal ganglia. one-week-old turkeys were inoculated with either the lf isolates or the prototype turkey herpesvirus fc 126; allowed to mature sexually through one breeding season and necropsied a ... | 1984 | 6095790 |
| cell-specific antiviral activity of 1-(2-fluoro-2-deoxy-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (fiac) against marek's disease herpesvirus and turkey herpesvirus. | three new fluoroarabinosylpyrimidine nucleosides (fiac, fiau and fmau) were tested for in vitro activity against oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of marek's disease virus (mdv) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). marek's disease is a herpesvirus-induced lymphoma in chickens. nononcogenic strains of mdv and hvt can protect against this disease. all viruses were inhibited by 1 microm of these drugs in chick kidney cell (ckc) cultures, but only fmau and fiau were active in chicken embryo fibroblast ... | 1984 | 6097179 |
| antigenic difference between intracellular and membrane antigens induced by herpesvirus of turkeys. | the difference between intracellular antigen (ia) and membrane antigen (ma) induced by herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) was examined by immunofluorescence analysis. convalescent sera from chickens infected with hvt (hvt convalescent serum) and hyperimmune sera from chickens immunized with partially pruified virus (anti-hvt particle serum) or with a major hvt soluble precipitin antigen (anti-common ag serum) were used as the source of antisera to specify both antigens in these experiments. absorption ... | 1980 | 6154448 |
| monoclonal antibodies with specificity for three different serotypes of marek's disease viruses in chickens. | a total of 50 antibody-secreting hybridoma cells against marek's disease virus (mdv) and turkey herpesvirus (hvt) have been produced. eleven hybridomas were used for serotyping a panel of 15 pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of mdv and hvt, representing three serotypes. the antibodies from the culture medium have fluorescence antibody (fa) titers of up to 100 and those from mouse ascitic fluid have titers ranging from 10(4) to 10(6). monoclonal antibody t81 is type-common, i.e., it reacts at ... | 1983 | 6184394 |
| most virus-specific polypeptides in cells productively infected with marek's disease virus or herpesvirus of turkeys possess cross-reactive determinants. | most virus-specific polypeptides in cells productively infected with marek's disease virus (mdv) or herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) possess cross-reactive antigenic determinants, although the two viruses have very little dna homology. the cross-reactivity appeared to be more evident when [35s]methionine-labelled polypeptides were immunoprecipitated than when the [3h]glucosamine-labelled polypeptides were immunoprecipitated, suggesting that the glycoproteins of mdv and hvt may be less related in str ... | 1983 | 6187896 |
| monoclonal antibodies specific to and cross-reactive with marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | in order to identify the specific and cross-reactive antigens to marek's disease virus (mdv) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), we prepared hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against these viruses. these monoclonal antibodies were screened by the indirect immunofluorescence method. the purified virus-specific antigens appeared to be more effective immunogens than unpurified virus-infected cell homogenates. totals of 50 and 14 hybridoma clones were found to produce antibodies specific to m ... | 1982 | 6191751 |
| marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys: antigenic aspects. | 1983 | 6195671 | |
| antigenic relatedness of pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus to other avian herpesviruses. | pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus (phev) was compared with seven avian herpesviruses for antigenic relatedness using monospecific antisera and the indirect fluorescent-antibody (ifa), agar-gel-immunodiffusion, and serum-neutralization tests. no antigenic relationship was detected between phev and marek's disease virus, turkey herpesvirus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, and duck enteritis virus. a common precipitating antigen was detected between the phev and pigeon herpesvirus (phv), ow ... | 1983 | 6196014 |
| comparative studies on antigens induced by turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. i. agar gel precipitation and neutralization studies. | 1983 | 6196928 | |
| comparative studies on antigens induced by turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. ii. immunofluorescent studies. | 1983 | 6197828 | |
| monoclonal antibodies reactive with the surface and secreted glycoproteins of marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | hybridomas were formed between mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from mice immunized with marek's disease virus (mdv) or with herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). three monoclonal antibodies were obtained, two (m26 and m34) from mdv clones and one (h9) from an hvt clone, all of which were specific for cross-reactive membrane antigen (ma) expressed on the surface of cells infected with mdv or hvt. all three antibodies also reacted with mdv- and hvt-specific glycoproteins in the molecular weight (mol. ... | 1983 | 6198439 |
| monoclonal antibody-mediated immunoprecipitation of proteins from cells infected with marek's disease virus or turkey herpesvirus. | the major immunogenic viral proteins of marek's disease virus (mdv) and turkey herpesvirus (hvt) share antigenic determinants. the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern of five viral polypeptides immunoprecipitated with homologous convalescent chicken plasma was identical with the pattern obtained after immunoprecipitation with heterologous convalescent chicken plasma. a panel of monoclonal antibodies was used to identify mdv and hvt polypeptides. sixteen monoclonal antibodies were positive ... | 1984 | 6205501 |
| studies on the serological cross-reaction between marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys using monoclonal antibodies to major virus-specific polypeptides. brief report. | a major virus-specific polypeptide antigenically cross-reactive between marek's disease virus (mdv) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) was characterized by two monoclonal antibodies against mdv. the antigenic determinant recognized by one monoclonal antibody was present only in the mdv polypeptide but not in the hvt polypeptide, whereas the antigenic determinant recognized by the other antibody was present in both mdv and hvt polypeptides. peptide mapping showed the difference in the amino acid se ... | 1984 | 6206826 |
| effect of neonatal thymectomy on pathogenesis of herpesvirus of turkeys in chickens. | effect of immunosuppression on pathogenicity of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) in chickens was studied. in three experiments, newly hatched chickens of two genetic strains were surgically thymectmized and gamma-irradiated and then exposed to hvt. lymphoid cells of thymectomized-irradiated chickens had reduced in vitro mitogenic response; this result indicated that the immunosuppressive regimen caused suppression of t cell function. the immunosuppressed chickens had more circulating hvt and had a s ... | 1980 | 6250430 |
| localization of herpesvirus of turkeys in blood cells. | the buffy coat pellets of blood clots from broad breasted large white turkeys were processed for electron microscopy. no viruses were found in extracellular spaces nor in the heterophils, eosinophils, or basophils. enveloped virions, measuring approximately 135 nm in diameter consisting of a core 30 to 35 nm in diameter and a capsid 20 to 30 nm thick were found in cytoplasmic vacuoles in lymphocytes. no developmental stages of virus maturation were observed in the nuclei or cytoplasm of any of t ... | 1980 | 6251439 |
| development and characterization of a marek's disease transplantable tumor in inbred line 72 chickens homozygous at the major (b) histocompatibility locus. | a serially transplantable marek's disease (md) tumor, designated mdct-rp-3, was developed from an md-virus-induced lymphoma (ga strain) in a pedigreed female chicken of the inbred b-histocompatible (b2/b2), line 72, and is the first md tumor transplant to be developed in chickens both syngeneic and selected for susceptibility to md. the mdct-rp-3 tumor maintained its female karyotype through at least 80 passages in male 72 chickens. high doses of tumor cells caused progressively growing tumors a ... | 1980 | 6254488 |
| persistence of genomes of both herpesvirus of turkeys and marek's disease virus in a chicken t-lymphoblastoid cell line. | a cell line tentatively designated as mdcc-bo1(t), was established from spleen cells of an apparently healthy chicken inoculated with herpesvirus of turkey (hvt). bo1(t) cells were t lymphoblastoid cells and the more than 95% of them had marek's disease (md) tumor-associated surface antigen (matsa). however, no viral internal antigens or membrane antigens could be demonstrated in them by immunofluorescence tests using chicken anti-hvt and -md virus (mdv) sera. the virus could be rescued from bo1 ... | 1980 | 6254498 |
| latent infections with marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus. | the number of plaque-forming units (pfu) from lymphocytes latently infected with oncogenic (ga-5) or nononcogenic (sb-1) marek's disease virus (mdv) was decreased after complement lysis with antisera against thymus-derived lymphocytes or bursa-derived lymphocytes; an additive effect with dual treatment was observed. complement lysis with antisera against marek's disease tumor-associated surface antigen (putative tumor antigen) had little effect, which suggests an absence of the antigen on latent ... | 1981 | 6259403 |
| effects of infectious bursal disease on marek's disease vaccination: suppression of antiviral immune response. | studies were made to determine whether infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection would affect the response of chickens to turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vaccination in the development and level of hvt viremia and virus-neutralizing (vn) antibodies to hvt. the hvt viremia in the vaccinated chickens was not affected by ibdv, whether ibdv was inoculated simultaneously with hvt vaccination at one day of age or whether it was inoculated 3 weeks postvaccination with hvt. however, vn antibody response ... | 1980 | 6268042 |
| difference between influences of homologous and heterologous maternal antibodies on response to serotype-2 and serotype-3 marek's disease vaccines. | marek's disease (md) vaccines representing serotypes 2 (sb-1 strain of md virus) and 3 (fc-126 strain of turkey herpesvirus) were administered to 1-day-old md-susceptible chicks that either were free of antibodies or carried maternally derived antibodies against sb-1, fc-126, or a serotype-1 md virus, cu-2 strain. homologous antibodies delayed the development of vaccine virus viremias and inhibited vaccinal immunity, as judged by protection against challenge with the virulent jm-10 strain of md ... | 1981 | 6268052 |
| latency of herpesvirus of turkey and marek's disease virus genomes in a chicken t-lymphoblastoid cell line. | the properties of latent herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) and marek's disease virus (mdv) genomes have been studied in virus-non-producer mdcc-bo1(t) cells, a t-lymphoblastoid cell line derived from spleen cells of an hvt-vaccinated chicken. the numbers of the two virus genomes in bo1(t) cells remained stable at 1.6 to 1.8 hvt genome equivalents/cell and 3.4 to 3.8 mdv genome equivalents/cell throughout a number of passages and were not decreased by the presence of phosphonoacetic acid in the culture ... | 1981 | 6268738 |
| herpesvirus infection enhances cholesterol and cholesteryl ester accumulation in cultured arterial smooth muscle cells. | in our previous experiments, atherosclerosis similar to that in humans was reproducibly induced in both normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens by infection with marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv). in contrast, uninfected chickens fed either relatively cholesterol-poor or cholesterol-supplemented diets did not develop this arterial disease. in experiments reported here, the hypothesis that infection of arterial smooth muscle cells (smcs) with mdv would ... | 1981 | 6271018 |
| establishment of b-lymphoblastoid cell lines from marek's disease virus-induced tumors in turkeys. | four lymphoblastoid cell lines were established from tumours of turkeys inoculated with high doses of the ga strain of marek's disease virus (mdv). unlike other md lymphoblastoid cell lines of chicken origin, these mdv transformed turkey line appear to be b lymphocytes and produce immunoglobulin. growth characteristics of these cell lines are slightly different; however, they all produce low levels of mdv-specific antigen and carry the complete genome of the virus as determined by virus rescue i ... | 1982 | 6277804 |
| the mechanism of genetic resistance to marek's disease in chickens. | genetic resistance to marek's disease in rpl line-6 chickens is expressed not only at the level of host immunological responses against virus an tumour antigens, but also at the level of target lymphoid cells for virus infection and transformation. the nature of the target cell involved was investigated. spleen cells from susceptible line-7 chickens adsorbed more marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus in vitro than line-6 spleen cells. in the case of marek's disease virus this was reflecte ... | 1982 | 6277808 |
| a simple in vitro differentiation between turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. | the growth and plaque formation by turkey herpesvirus (hvt) amd marek's disease herpesvirus (mdhv) were examined in qt35 cells, a continuous fibroblast cell line derived from chemically induced tumors of japanese quail. hvt grew and formed plaques consistently in qt35 cells when inoculated with cell-culture-propagated virus or peripheral mononuclear leukocytes (pml) from chickens that had been inoculated with hvt. both oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of mdhv, however, failed to grow and induc ... | 1981 | 6279072 |
| natural killer cell activity in chickens exposed to marek's disease virus: inhibition of activity in susceptible chickens and enhancement of activity in resistant and vaccinated chickens. | chickens of 2 genetic lines (lines p and n) were inoculated with a pathogenic strain of marek's disease (md) virus (mdv) and chronologically examined for disease response and natural killer (nk) cell expression. the nk cell reactivity was assayed in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay in which effector cells from the spleen of test chickens were reacted with 51cr-labeled lscc-rp9 target cells. chickens of line p developed progressive debilitating disease and a high incidence of gross tumors and death ... | 1981 | 6279075 |
| marek's disease in turkeys: lack of protection by vaccination. | herpesvirus of turkeys, a highly effective vaccine against marek's disease (md) in chickens, was ineffective in protecting turkeys against md. another tissue-culture attenuated vaccine virus also protected chickens, but not turkeys, from md. intact and immunosuppressed turkey poults inoculated with herpesvirus of turkey developed a persistent viremia, but did not have detectable gross or microscopic lesions. | 1982 | 6280536 |
| inverted repeat nucleotide sequences in the genomes of marek disease virus and the herpesvirus of the turkey. | the dnas of two herpesvirus, the oncogenic marek disease virus and the serologically related herpesvirus of the turkey, were studied by electron microscopy. on the basis of fold-back molecules observed in single-stranded dna from both viruses, structures have been derived from the overall nucleotide sequence arrangement in their genomes. although differing in molecular weight, the genomes of marek disease virus and turkey herpesvirus are both constructed according to the same plan--two regions o ... | 1982 | 6281774 |
| resistance to marek's disease at hatching in chickens vaccinated as embryos with the turkey herpesvirus. | chickens vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) as 18-day embryos or at hatching were challenged as neonates with pathogenic marek's disease (md) virus (mdv). embryonally vaccinated chickens had much greater resistant to challenge than chickens vaccinated post-hatch. embryos became readily infected with hvt regardless of whether the vaccine was deposited into the body of the embryo or extraembryonally, such as in the amniotic sac. embryonally vaccinated chickens were viremic with hvt at hat ... | 1982 | 6284106 |
| the early pathogenesis of turkey herpesvirus infection in chickens and turkeys. | the early responses of chickens and turkeys to infection with two strains of turkey herpesvirus (fc 126 and a recent field isolate, t-5a) were compared. all birds had similar virus rescue patterns from the spleen, regardless of virus strain used for infection. productive-restrictive infections as indicated by the presence of viral antigens were found only in the spleens of infected turkeys. viral antigens were not found in bursa or thymus but were found intermittently and at low levels in the sk ... | 1982 | 6285877 |
| dose-dependent inhibition of virus rescue from lymphocytes latently infected with turkey herpesvirus or marek's disease virus. | the number of plaque-forming units (pfu) of turkey herpesvirus (hvt) isolated per 10(6) latently infected splenic lymphocytes was determined by co-cultivation on permissive monolayer cultures in 35-mm-diameter petri dishes. doses of 1 x 10(6) spleen cells or less per culture gave uniform dose-related titers, whereas doses of 8 x 10(6) cells often yielded less than 1-2% of the expected number of pfu. intermediate doses gave proportionally reduced virus yields. this dose-dependent inhibition was o ... | 1982 | 6285880 |
| characterization of non-oncogenic marek's disease virus-infected and turkey herpesvirus-infected lymphocytes. | 1982 | 6296281 | |
| influence of maternal antibody on efficacy of embryo vaccination with cell-associated and cell-free marek's disease vaccine. | vaccination with turkey herpesvirus (hvt) of 18-day-old chicken embryos from a commercial source or from a cross (15 x 7) of two inbred lines induced better protection against early post-hatch challenge with virulent marek's disease virus (mdv) than vaccination at hatch, despite the presence in embryos of maternally derived antibodies to hvt or to hvt and mdv. however, 50%-protective-dose (pd50) assays revealed that maternal antibodies in embryos reduced vaccine efficacy. the pd50 assays were co ... | 1982 | 6297450 |
| the epidemiology of avian herpesviruses in veterinary medicine. | there are ten avian herpesviruses, which have been isolated from eight orders. six of these are of veterinary importance: pacheco's parrot disease virus, pigeon herpesvirus, duck plague virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, herpesvirus of turkeys and marek's disease virus. the knowledge on the epidemiology of each virus and the disease it causes is discussed. features in common to infections with most avian herpesviruses are: infection is persistent in individuals and ubiquitous in populati ... | 1982 | 6299838 |
| marek's disease herpesviruses. iv. molecular characterization of marek's disease herpesvirus a antigen. | marek's disease herpesvirus a antigen (mdhv-a) was identified as a 61,000- to 65,000-dalton glycoprotein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after immunoprecipitation from the culture medium of both [35s]methionine- and [14c]glucosamine-labeled infected cells by specific rabbit serum directed against mdhv-a. rigorous identification was accomplished by selective blocking of this specific immunoprecipitation of the glycoprotein with purified mdhv-a that was isolated at its ... | 1983 | 6300460 |
| characteristics of marek's disease viruses isolated from vaccinated commercial chicken flocks: association of viral pathotype with lymphoma frequency. | fifty-three marek's disease (md) virus (mdv) isolates were obtained from turkey-herpesvirus-vaccinated broiler or layer flocks with excessive md losses, from control field flocks without excessive md losses, and from laboratory collections. twelve isolates were typed as very virulent (vvmdvs) on the basis of excessive pathogenicity for vaccinated chickens, 31 were typed as virulent (vmdvs), and 10 were typed as nonpathogenic (npmdvs). the npmdvs could be distinguished from turkey herpesviruses b ... | 1983 | 6303287 |
| embryo vaccination against marek's disease with serotypes 1, 2 and 3 vaccines administered singly or in combination. | marek's disease virus (mdv) vaccines of serotypes 1 and 2 administered in 18-day-old embryonated eggs induced better protection against post-hatch challenge at 3 days with virulent mdv than vaccines given at hatch. embryonal vaccination with a polyvalent vaccine containing equal quantities of serotypes 1 and 2 of mdv and serotype 3 virus (turkey herpesvirus, hvt) was also significantly more effective than post-hatch vaccination. these and earlier results indicate that protective efficacy of sing ... | 1983 | 6307248 |
| simultaneous vaccination of one-day-old broiler chickens with tenosynovitis virus and turkey herpesvirus. | an attenuated tenosynovitis virus vaccine and turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vaccine mixed prior to vaccination were injected subcutaneously into one-day-old chicks. in laboratory and field trials there did not appear to be any interference, because chickens vaccinated with both vaccines were effectively immunized against challenge with virulent marek's disease virus or tenosynovitis virus when compared with unvaccinated chickens or chickens vaccinated with either hvt or tenosynovitis virus. the combi ... | 1983 | 6312445 |
| field trials with a bivalent vaccine (hvt and sb-1) against marek's disease. | white leghorn chickens on five farms were given a bivalent marek's disease (md) vaccine consisting of turkey herpesvirus (hvt) and sb-1 (a nononcogenic md virus); other chickens received only hvt. the farms had histories of "vaccination failures," presumably owing to an exceptionally virulent challenge md virus. the bivalent vaccine uniformly protected chickens better than hvt alone between 12 and 16-20 weeks of age, when serious md losses occurred. during that period, total mortality in groups ... | 1983 | 6314982 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of marek's disease virus dna and homology between strains. | the restriction endonuclease patterns of viral dna obtained from serotypes 1 and 2 strains of marek's disease virus have been compared and homology between the strains examined by hybridization. the results have shown that hprs 16 (serotype 1) dna has a structure similar to its attenuated variant hprs 16/att except for a few fragments that are present only in the virulent strain. evidence was obtained which suggested that these restriction fragments contained repeat sequences and that insertion ... | 1983 | 6319562 |
| identification with monoclonal antibodies of glycoproteins of marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys related to virus neutralization. | by use of monoclonal antibodies cross-reactive with marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys, three glycoproteins (for marek's disease virus, gp115/110, gp63, and gp50; for herpesvirus of turkeys, gp115, gp62 and gp52) related to virus neutralization were identified. immunization of chickens or rabbits with these glycoproteins purified by affinity chromatography resulted in production of neutralizing antibodies. | 1984 | 6321752 |
| vaccination against marek's disease and infectious bursal disease. i. development of a bivalent live vaccine by co-cultivating turkey herpesvirus and infectious bursal disease vaccine viruses in chicken embryo fibroblast monolayers. | vaccine viruses of marek's disease (md), the fc-126 strain of the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), and infectious bursal disease (ibd), the bursa-vac-m strain of ibd virus (ibdv), were propagated in the same chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) monolayers by superinfection. co-infection of the two viruses in the same cef culture or in a single cell can be demonstrated by staining with acridine orange and by electron microscopy.l this study was conducted with a superinfected live bivalent vaccine (hvt/ib ... | 1983 | 6322146 |
| in vivo and in vitro infections of chicken lymphocytes with marek's disease virus or herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1983 | 6323800 | |
| immunization against marek's disease transplantable cell lines. | continuous passage of mdcc-rp1, a highly tumorigenic marek's disease (md) lymphoblastoid cell line, in cell culture resulted in a gradual loss in ability of the cell line to cause progressive tumors in susceptible day-old chicks. inoculation of day-old chicks with high-cell-culture-passaged (187th to 417th) nontumorigenic mdcc-rp1 cells gave excellent protection against challenge at 8 days with low-passaged tumorigenic mdcc-rp1 cells but failed to protect against primary tumors caused by inocula ... | 1984 | 6326737 |
| field trials to test the efficacy of polyvalent marek's disease vaccines in broilers. | the efficacies of trivalent (md11/75c + sb-1 + hvt), bivalent (sb-1 + hvt), and turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vaccines against marek's disease (md) were compared in commercial broiler flocks in four trials involving 11 farm locations and 486,300 chickens. in all four trials, chickens receiving polyvalent vaccines had lower leukosis (md) condemnation rates than chickens vaccinated with hvt alone; when data were summarized for each vaccine type in each trial, condemnation rates for the bivalent- or tri ... | 1984 | 6326743 |
| extensive homology exists between marek disease herpesvirus and its vaccine virus, herpesvirus of turkeys. | marek disease is a lymphomatous disease of chickens caused by infection of a herpesvirus, marek disease virus (mdv). marek disease is the only neoplastic disease for which a successful vaccine has been developed. the vaccine virus, herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), is non-oncogenic in chickens. despite the strong antigenic relationship between these viruses, previous studies showed that the two viral dnas share little or no homology. using less stringent hybridization conditions and methods that gre ... | 1984 | 6328512 |
| cell-mediated immunity in marek's disease: cytotoxic responses in resistant and susceptible chickens and relation to disease. | two experiments were conducted to study the cell-mediated cytotoxicity of peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) from chickens inoculated with marek's disease virus (mdv) against a marek's disease-derived lymphoblastoid cell line (msb-1) and to associate the cytotoxicity with incidence of disease. in experiment i, moderately susceptible random-bred, specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated with mdv (group 1), vaccinated with a herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) and inoculated with mdv (group 2), vac ... | 1980 | 6445171 |
| herpesvirus-induced atherosclerosis in chickens. | repeated experiments have established that infection with marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv) leads to atherosclerosis in specific pathogen free (spf) normocholesterolemic chickens. neither normocholesterolemic nor hypercholesterolemic uninfected spf chickens develop this disease. the mdv-induced arterial disease is remarkably similar to chronic human atherosclerosis. cholesterol and saturated cholesteryl esters accumulated in cultured arterial smooth muscle cells (smc) infected with mdv. similar ... | 1983 | 6840298 |
| blocking of immunofluorescence in the titration of membrane and intracellular reactive antibodies associated with herpesvirus of turkeys. | blocking of the direct immunofluorescence (if) reaction allowed titration of anti-membrane antigen (ma) or anti-intracellular antigen (ia) antibodies induced by herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). the titers (blocking index) obtained by the blocking if test were well correlated with those determined by the if test. the results suggest that the blocking if test was a simpler and better method for titration of a large number of serum samples from chickens infected with hvt. | 1980 | 7002147 |
| marek's disease tumors in chickens vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus vaccine. | this study evaluated the protective ability of cell-free and cell-associated turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vaccine against marek's disease (md). four variables were evaluated: cell-free versus cell-associated hvt; dose of hvt; time of exposure to md virus (mdv), and comparison of md challenge virus types. it was determined that gross lesions of md were more prevalent in chickens placed in an environment at one day of age with three-week-old chickens shedding the cpf-1 isolate of md, as in chickens gi ... | 1982 | 7166202 |
| computerized reconstruction of the core of herpesvirus of turkey. | 1980 | 7241008 | |
| reduced vaccinal protection of turkey herpesvirus against field strains of marek's disease herpesvirus. | four isolates of marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv) were obtained from 21-week-old broiler breeders with lesions and mortality from marek's disease (md). they had been properly vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus (hvt). the isolates were designated ala-7, 8, 9, and 10. these 4 mdv strains were compared with the ga isolate of mdv in chickens vaccinated with graded doses of hvt. challenge with the mdv strains was also with graded doses. all 5 isolates of mdv were similar in virulence. however, prote ... | 1981 | 7267529 |
| relation between the neutralization of herpesvirus of turkeys and the antibody to late-appearing membrane antigen induced by the virus. | the relation between the neutralization of herpesvirus of turkeys hvt) and the antibodies to early appearing membrane antigen (ema), late appearing membrane antigen (lma) and intracellular antigen (ia) induced by the virus was examined by blocking of direct immunofluorescence using 38 sera from chickens infected with hvt. our results provide evidence that anti-lma is significant in the neutralization of the infectivity (p less than 0.001) since the neutralizing capacity of the serum was related ... | 1980 | 7365465 |
| ultrastructure and infectivity of tissues from normal and immunodepressed chickens inoculated with turkey herpesvirus. | 1980 | 7391278 | |
| long term effects of marek's disease vaccination with cell-free herpesvirus of turkey and age at debeaking on performance and mortality of white leghorns. | three-hundred-sixty, day-old single comb white leghorn chicks were randomly placed in 8 treatment combinations. the combinations consisted of vaccinated or nonvaccinated chicks that were either not debeaked, or debeaked at day-old, 4 weeks old, or 8 weeks old. vaccinated birds received 6,000 plaque forming units of cell-free herpesvirus of turkey vaccine per chick at day-old. debeaking was performed by removing approximately two-thirds of the upper beak. data were analyzed at the 5% level of pro ... | 1980 | 7433359 |
| virus-neutralization domains on the oligomeric (230 kda) forms of antigen b of herpesvirus of turkeys and marek's disease virus differ in cross-serotypic activity. | herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) is frequently used to protect chickens against marek's disease (md). the hvt and mdv native antigen b complex shares common epitopes. to determine whether these oligomers present virus-neutralizing domains, monospecific antibodies to the hvt and mdv native 230 kda oligomers were produced. the monospecific antibody immunopurified from an anti-hvt avian serum neutralized the in vitro infectivity of the oncogenic isolate mdv-b and the vaccine strains cvi988, sb1 and hvt ... | 1995 | 7483903 |
| marek's disease and new approaches to its control. | marek's disease (md) is a lymphoproliferative disorder induced by a herpesvirus. several factors, including those virus-encoded and host-dependent, affect the course of the disease. existing vaccination program is based on the use of attenuated strains of md virus (mdv) serotype 1 and on strains of non-oncogenic serotype 2 (mdv2) and serotype 3 (herpesvirus of turkey-hvt) viruses. failures resulting in disease progress have been reported and indicate need for production of new, more effective va ... | 1995 | 7572471 |
| structure and properties of a herpesvirus of turkeys recombinant in which us1, us10 and sorf3 genes have been replaced by a lacz expression cassette. | in the process of generating an insertional mutant of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) expressing lacz at the protein kinase (pk) locus, we isolated a recombinant which contained an intact pk gene but the short unique regions us1, us10 and sorf3 had been deleted and replaced by the lacz cassette. moreover, the virus contained duplicate copies of gd, gi and ge in an opposite orientation flanking lacz, us2 and pk which were contiguous. these results are of interest in relation to the flexibility of th ... | 1995 | 7595402 |
| sequence characteristics of a gene in infectious laryngotracheitis virus homologous to glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus. | an infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv, gallid herpesvirus 1) gene homologous to glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was identified and characterized by its nucleotide and derived amino acid sequence. the iltv gd gene is located in the unique short region (u(s)) and contains an open reading frame capable of specifying a polypeptide of 380 amino acids, including n- and c- terminal hydrophobic domains consistent with signal and anchor regions respectively, and no potential sites for ... | 1995 | 7612933 |
| herpesvirus of turkey recombinant viruses expressing infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vp2 immunogen induce protection against an ibdv virulent challenge in chickens. | two recombinant herpesviruses of turkey (hvt) expressing the vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv or gumboro disease virus) have been constructed: vhvt001 and vhvt002. the vp2 open reading frame was inserted at the locus of the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase gene (hsv-1 ul40 homolog) without any exogenous promoter in vhvt001 and at the locus of gl gene (hsv-1 us7 homolog) under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter in vhvt002. the isolation ... | 1995 | 7645252 |
| field safety and efficacy of in ovo administration of hvt + sb-1 bivalent marek's disease vaccine in commercial broilers. | the field safety and efficacy of a bivalent marek's disease (md) vaccine (herpesvirus of turkeys + strain sb-1) administered in ovo were evaluated. the vaccine was administered to commercial broiler chicken eggs using embrex's inovoject automated egg-injection system. comparisons were made with a conventional method of vaccination, in which the vaccine was administered subcutaneously to chicks at hatching. in ovo administration of the vaccine at day 17.5-18.5 of incubation significantly reduced ... | 1995 | 7677641 |
| characteristics of cvi988/rispens and r2/23, two prototype vaccine strains of serotype 1 marek's disease virus. | studies were focused on two attenuated serotype 1 marek's disease (md) vaccine viruses, cvi988/rispens (passage 42) and r2/23 (passage 105). both serotype 1 vaccine viruses provided much higher levels of protection than the prototype md vaccine, turkey herpesvirus (hvt); the best protection was generally provided by cvi988/rispens when compared with other vaccines. the efficacy of neither serotype 1 vaccine was improved by mixture with viruses of other serotypes (synergism). no differences betwe ... | 1995 | 7677647 |
| partial inhibition by turkey herpesvirus of serotype 2 marek's disease virus plaque formation and in vivo infectivity. | the increased use of serotype 2 marek's disease virus (mdv) and serotype 3 turkey herpesvirus (hvt) as components of effective bivalent vaccines against marek's disease (md) prompted studies on the possible interactions of these two viruses in vitro and in vivo. the replication of the sb-1 strain of mdv was compared with replication of the fc126/2 strain of hvt in chickens and cell cultures infected with one or both viruses. replication of mdv was reduced in the presence of hvt in both in vitro ... | 1994 | 7702514 |
| syngeneic lysis of reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed cell lines transfected with marek's disease virus genes by virus-specific cytotoxic t cells. | cell-mediated immune responses against marek's disease virus (mdv) antigens were examined using reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)-transformed cell lines of two haplotypes (b19b19 and b13b13). these cell lines were stably transfected with cloned fragments of mdv dna resulting in the expression of the mdv-specific phosphoprotein pp38. effector cells were obtained from p2a (b19b19) and s13 (b13b13) chickens at 7 days post inoculation with rev, oncogenic or attenuated serotype 1 mdv (jm-16/o and jm- ... | 1994 | 7725630 |
| identification and localization of glycoprotein b expression in lymphoid tissues of chickens infected with turkey herpesvirus. | one-day-old chickens were inoculated with turkey herpesvirus (hvt). using an indirect immunofluorescence assay with a monoclonal antibody against hvt glycoprotein b (gb), we determined the course of productive hvt infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), spleen, thymus, and bursa. pbmcs were examined from days 4 through 35 postinfection (pi). the spleen, thymus, and bursa were examined from 21 through 70 days pi. although productive infection in pbmcs was detected at 4 to 12 days ... | 1994 | 7832696 |
| gene organization in herpesvirus of turkeys: identification of a novel open reading frame in the long unique region and a truncated homologue of pp38 in the internal repeat. | the dna sequence of a 4.792-kb fragment comprising 3.176 kb of the long unique region (ul) and 1.605 kb of the internal repeat (irl) flanking ul of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) was determined. three potential open reading frames (orfs) and an origin of replication have been identified. orf 1, which maps entirely within ul, has the capacity to code for an 82k protein, 731 amino acids long, which has a counterpart in marek's disease virus (mdv) but not in other herpesviruses. orf 2 has the potenti ... | 1995 | 7871728 |
| characterization of proteins encoded by the short unique region of herpesvirus of turkeys by in vitro expression. | nine open reading frames mapping in the short unique (us) region of the genome of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) were expressed by in vitro transcription and translation. the observed m(r)s of us10, sorf3 and us2 were as predicted from the sequence but there were discrepancies between the observed and predicted m(r)s of us1, protein kinase, gi, gd and ge. these could be accounted for in most cases by post-translational and co-translational processing. analysis of the synthesized products at differ ... | 1994 | 7931161 |
| expression of a novel marek's disease virus type 1 (mdv1)-specific protein p40 in insect cells by a baculovirus vector and in chick embryo fibroblasts infected with mdv1. | we found that the open reading frame of 1053 nucleotides within the short unique sequence of marek's disease virus (mdv) type 1 (mdv1) expresses a 40 kda protein, using a baculovirus vector in insect cells. mouse antisera against the 40 kda protein reacted with a 40 kda protein in mdv1-infected cells. a cross-reactive polypeptide of 37 kda was also detected in cells infected with herpesvirus of turkey. | 1994 | 7979993 |
| integration of multiple chicken retroviruses into multiple chicken herpesviruses: herpesviral gd as a common target of integration. | integration of two different avian retroviruses, reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and avian leukosis virus (alv), into the genome of two different avian herpesviruses, the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) and marek's disease virus (mdv), was investigated. integration events occurred by the fourth and sixth in vitro passage of cells coinfected with rev/hvt and alv/mdv, respectively. in order to further characterize the integration events, integrated proviruses and surrounding herpesviral genetic mat ... | 1994 | 8030268 |
| cosmid library of the turkey herpesvirus genome constructed from nanogram quantities of viral dna associated with an excess of cellular dna. | a protocol was designed for the rapid and efficient construction of cosmid libraries from cell-associated viral genomes available in very low quantities. purification of viral dna from cellular dna was unnecessary. the vast excess of cellular dna compensated for the limited amount of available viral dna, enabling titration of the restriction endonuclease partial digest. a cosmid library of the turkey herpesvirus dna genome was constructed from 1.5 micrograms of cellular dna containing approximat ... | 1993 | 8097201 |
| nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein c (gc) homologous gene of marek's disease virus (mdv) serotype 2 and comparison of gc homologous genes among three serotypes of mdv. | the sequence analysis of the genomic region of marek's disease virus (mdv) serotype 2 (mdv2) which had homology with the gene encoding mdv serotype 1 (mdv1) homologue of glycoprotein c (gc) of herpes simplex virus revealed that there was a single open reading frame (orf) capable of encoding 479 amino acids. the predicted protein from this orf had strong hydrophobic regions in both the amino and carboxyl termini and several potential n-linked glycosylation sites, as seen in those from the orfs of ... | 1993 | 8117828 |
| efficacy in chickens of a herpesvirus of turkeys recombinant vaccine containing the fusion gene of newcastle disease virus: onset of protection and effect of maternal antibodies. | the onset of protection against newcastle disease and the effect of maternal antibodies to newcastle disease virus (ndv) and marek's disease virus (mdv) on vaccine efficacy were determined following vaccination of chickens with a recombinant herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) vaccine expressing the fusion (f) glycoprotein gene of ndv. onset of protection following intra-abdominal administration of the recombinant hvt/f vaccine at 1 day of age and subsequent ocular challenge with the neurotropic veloge ... | 1993 | 8141730 |
| cosmid cloning and restriction endonuclease mapping of the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) genome. | the genomic libraries of the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) presented to date do not include the entire genome. to construct a complete genomic library, hvt dna was partially digested with sau3a and inserted into the double cos site vector pcos2embl. the psti maps derived from the partial sau3a library demonstrate that the left region of the genome compared to the right area is overrepresented. similar to the libraries of the hvt genome established earlier, a defined portion of the middle genomic ... | 1994 | 8198443 |
| b haplotype influence on the relative efficacy of marek's disease vaccines in commercial chickens. | the objectives were to investigate whether or not b haplotypes influence vaccinal immunity against marek's disease (md) in commercial chickens and to evaluate whether retrospective analysis would detect the influence. this method involved evaluating the b haplotypes of turkey herpesvirus (hvt)-vaccinated sick vs normal chickens from a flock afflicted with md symptoms. an analysis of the retrospective data disclosed that md symptoms were present in a higher proportion of b2b19 than b2b21 chickens ... | 1994 | 8202426 |
| identification of genomic regions of the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) with helper activity for avian adeno-associated virus (aaav). | herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) is a potent helper for the defective parvovirus avian adeno-associated virus (aaav). to study the helper mechanism at the molecular level, we established a complete cosmid library of hvt dna in a set of seven overlapping clones and transiently cotransfected secondary chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells with aaav dna and recombinant cosmids (cbl) (individual as well as in different combinations). using an aaav-specific indirect immunofluorescence assay, we identifie ... | 1993 | 8382409 |
| construction and properties of a turkey herpesvirus recombinant expressing the marek's disease virus homologue of glycoprotein b of herpes simplex virus. | a herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) recombinant containing a 3.9 kbp fragment of marek's disease virus (mdv) dna encoding mdv glycoprotein b (gb), stably integrated into the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of hvt, has been constructed. the replication of the recombinant in chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) was comparable to that of wild-type hvt. the recombinant expressed authentic mdv gb and its processed forms (110k, 65k and 48k) in cef as shown by immunoblotting using an mdv-specific anti-peptide serum. n ... | 1993 | 8383172 |
| avian herpesvirus as a live viral vector for the expression of heterologous antigens. | control of marek's disease in the poultry industry has been successfully achieved for several decades by large-scale vaccination of day-old chickens with live herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) strains. several features of this virus including lack of pathogenicity and long-term immune protection due to a persistent viraemic infection made us decide to use hvt as a live viral vector for the expression of foreign antigens. potential sites for the integration of foreign dna in the unique short region of ... | 1993 | 8383385 |