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posterior inferior cerebellar artery (pica) reanastomosis after excision of a ruptured p2-pica aneurysm: 2-dimensional operative video.posterior inferior cerebellar artery (pica) aneurysms have an increased tendency towards a fusiform morphology precluding primary clip reconstruction. the management of these complex aneurysms might require cerebral revascularization to preserve flow in a distal pica territory. this video illustrates a case of a ruptured p2-pica aneurysm excision followed by a pica reanastomosis. a 54-yr-old male presented with a sudden-onset severe headache, diplopia, and complete left cranial nerve six (cn vi) ...202031214705
a recombinant subviral particle-based vaccine protects magpie (pica pica) against west nile virus infection.the mosquito-borne west nile virus (wnv) is a highly neurovirulent flavivirus currently representing an emergent zoonotic concern. wnv cycles in nature between mosquito vectors and birds that act as amplifier hosts and play an essential role in virus ecology, being, thus, wnv a threat to many species. availability of an efficient avian vaccine would benefit certain avian populations, both birds grown for hunting and restocking activities, as well as endangered species in captive breeding project ...201931231320
vertebral artery dissection associated with pica aneurysm: pica-pica bypass technique. 201931280900
self-service traps inspected by avian and terrestrial predators as a management option for rodents.worldwide, serval rodent species are major pests in agricultural landscapes. a vole-specific tub-trap combining trapping and natural predators was developed to minimize the migration of rodents into agricultural crops. the trap was tested in enclosures in terms of its trapability of common voles (microtus arvalis pallas) and in the field regarding predator access and removal of voles, both in comparison to a commercially available self-service trap (standby-box).202031287221
usefulness of eurasian magpies (pica pica) for west nile virus surveillance in non-endemic and endemic situations.: in september 2017, passive surveillance allowed the detection of west nile virus (wnv) lineage 2 for the first time in northern spain in a northern goshawk (accipiter gentilis). however, a cross sectional study carried out in eurasian magpies (pica pica) in a nearby area evidenced that wnv had been circulating two months earlier. therefore, active surveillance in eurasian magpies proved its effectiveness for the early detection of wnv in a non-endemic area. further surveys in 2018 and the begi ...201931387316
crows (corvus corone ssp.) check contingency in a mirror yet fail the mirror-mark test.mirror reflections can elicit various behavioral responses ranging from social behavior, which suggests that an animal treats its own reflection as a conspecific, to mirror-guided self-directed behaviors, which appears to be an indication for mirror self-recognition (msr). msr is scarcely spread in the animal kingdom. until recently, only great apes, dolphins, and elephants had successfully passed this test. the range of convergence was, however, expanded by an avian species, the eurasian magpie ...202031589059
breeding habitat and nest-site selection by an obligatory "nest-cleptoparasite", the amur falcon falco amurensis.the selection of a nest site is crucial for successful reproduction of birds. animals which re-use or occupy nest sites constructed by other species often have limited choice. little is known about the criteria of nest-stealing species to choose suitable nesting sites and habitats. here, we analyze breeding-site selection of an obligatory "nest-cleptoparasite", the amur falcon falco amurensis. we collected data on nest sites at muraviovka park in the russian far east, where the species breeds ex ...201931938530
individual exploratory responses are not repeatable across time or context for four species of food-storing corvid.exploration is among one of the most studied of animal personality traits (i.e., individual-level behavioural responses repeatable across time and contexts). however, not all species show clear evidence of this personality trait, and this is particularly so for members of the corvidae family. we assessed the exploratory behaviour of four food-caching corvid species: pinyon jays (gymnorhinus cyanocephalus), clark's nutcrackers (nucifraga columbiana), california scrub jays (aphelocoma californica) ...202031941921
are we overestimating risk of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans?enteric illnesses remain the second largest source of communicable diseases worldwide, and wild birds are suspected sources for human infection. this has led to efforts to reduce pathogen spillover through deterrence of wildlife and removal of wildlife habitat, particularly within farming systems, which can compromise conservation efforts and the ecosystem services wild birds provide. further, salmonella spp. are a significant cause of avian mortality, leading to additional conservation concerns ...202032003106
an interdisciplinary and catchment approach to enhancing urban flood resilience: a melbourne case.this paper presents a novel interdisciplinary and catchment-based approach for exploring urban flood resilience. our research identified and developed a diverse set of adaptation measures for elwood, a suburb in melbourne, australia, that is vulnerable to pluvial and coastal flooding. we drew on methods from social science, urban design and environmental engineering to gain integrated insights into the opportunities for elwood to increase its flood resilience and urban liveability. results showe ...202032063172
reimplantation bypass using one limb of a double-origin posterior inferior cerebellar artery for treatment of a ruptured fusiform aneurysm: case report.posterior inferior cerebellar artery (pica) aneurysms are uncommon, and aneurysms associated with anatomical pica variants are even rarer. although often treated endovascularly, aneurysms associated with anatomical pica variants may not be suitable for endovascular intervention because of the risk of compromise of brainstem perforators and may be more amenable to open techniques. this case report describes the successful treatment of an aneurysm associated with a double-origin pica (dopica) by d ...202032101617
age-related brood parasitism and egg rejection in magpie hosts.when the strength or nature of a host-parasite interaction changes over the host life cycle, the consequences of parasitism can depend on host population age structure. avian brood parasites reduce hosts' breeding success, and host age may play a role in this interaction if younger hosts are more likely parasitized and/or less able to defend themselves. we analyzed whether the age of female magpie (pica pica) hosts is associated with parasite attack or their ability to reject foreign eggs. we re ...202032364781
epidemiologic survey on toxoplasma gondii and trichinella pseudospiralis infection in corvids from central italy.free-ranging corvids-678 magpies (pica pica) and 120 hooded crows (corvus cornix) from nine protected areas of the pisa province (central italy)-were examined for toxoplasma gondii and trichinella pseudospiralis. the intracardiac blood clots from 651 magpies and 120 hooded crows were serologically examined for t. gondii. the dna extracted from the hearts of seropositive birds was then used to perform a nested pcr for the amplification of the t. gondii b1 gene and for genotyping for sag genetic m ...202032365814
replication of the mirror mark test experiment in the magpie (pica pica) does not provide evidence of self-recognition.self-recognition in animals is demonstrated when individuals pass the mark test. formerly, it was thought that self-recognition was restricted to humans, great apes, and certain mammals with large brains and highly evolved social cognition. however, 1 study showed that 2 out of 5 magpies (pica pica) passed the mark test, suggesting that magpies have a similar level of cognitive abilities to great apes. the scientific advancement depends on confidence in published science, and this confidence can ...202032406720
any despot at my table? competition among native and introduced bird species at garden birdfeeders in winter.garden bird feeding constitutes a massive provision of food that can support bird communities, but there is a growing concern it might favour the establishment of exotic species that could be detrimental to others. how bird species compete with novel species for this anthropogenic food resources needs to be assessed. here, we investigated competition in wintering bird communities at garden birdfeeders. we evaluated whether - and how much - bird access to resources is hampered by the presence of ...202032475721
the gut microbiota of brood parasite and host nestlings reared within the same environment: disentangling genetic and environmental effects.gut microbiota are essential for host health and survival, but we are still far from understanding the processes involved in shaping their composition and evolution. controlled experimental work under lab conditions as well as human studies pointed at environmental factors (i.e., diet) as the main determinant of the microbiota with little evidence of genetic effects, while comparative interspecific studies detected significant phylogenetic effects. different species, however, also differ in diet ...202032681160
revisiting an old question: which predators eat eggs of ground-nesting birds in farmland landscapes?nest predation is a major cause of reproductive failure in birds, but predator identity often remains unknown. additionally, although corvids are considered major nest predators in farmland landscapes, whether breeders or floaters are involved remains contentious. in this study, we aimed to identify nest predators using artificial nests, and test whether territorial or non-breeders carrion crow (corvus corone) and eurasian magpie (pica pica) were most likely involved. we set up an experiment wit ...202032721676
potential reverse spillover of infectious bursal disease virus at the interface of commercial poultry and wild birds.recently, multiple spillover events between domesticated poultry and wild birds have been reported for several avian viruses. this phenomenon highlights the importance of the livestock-wildlife interface in the possible emergence of novel viruses. the aim of the current study was to investigate the potential spillover and epidemiological links of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) between wild birds and domestic poultry. to this end, twenty-eight cloacal swabs were collected from four specie ...202032970296
epidemiology and evolution of novel deltacoronaviruses in birds in central china.the variety and widespread of coronavirus in natural reservoir animals is likely to cause epidemics via interspecific transmission, which has attracted much attention due to frequent coronavirus epidemics in recent decades. birds are natural reservoir of various viruses, but the existence of coronaviruses in wild birds in central china has been barely studied. some bird coronaviruses belong to the genus of deltacoronavirus. to explore the diversity of bird deltacoronaviruses in central china, we ...202133559368
molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of viil sub-genotype of avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolated from eurasian magpie (pica pica).newcastle disease (nd) has been categorized as a highly contagious viral disease, remaining as a constant threat to both wild birds and commercial chickens.202134306115
previous usutu virus exposure partially protects magpies (pica pica) against west nile virus disease but does not prevent horizontal transmission.the mosquito-borne flaviviruses usuv and wnv are known to co-circulate in large parts of europe. both are a public health concern, and usuv has been the cause of epizootics in both wild and domestic birds, and neurological cases in humans in europe. here, we explore the susceptibility of magpies to experimental usuv infection, and how previous exposure to usuv would affect infection with wnv. none of the magpies exposed to usuv showed clinical signs, viremia, or detectable neutralizing antibodie ...202134372622
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