Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| characterization of spirochetes isolated from ticks (ixodes tanuki, ixodes turdus, and ixodes columnae) and comparison of the sequences with those of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains. | ixodes persulcatus serves as a tick vector for borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in japan; however, unidentified spirochetes have been isolated from other species of ticks. in this study, 13 isolates from ticks (6 from ixodes tanuki, 6 from ixodes turdus, and 1 from ixodes columnae) and 3 isolates from voles (clethrionomys rufocanus) were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, rrna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism, partial sequencing of the o ... | 1996 | 8779571 |
| prevalence of lyme disease spirochetes in ixodes persulcatus and wild rodents in far eastern russia. | borrelia spirochetes were isolated from the adult ixodid tick (ixodes persulcatus) in three areas of far eastern russia, namely, khabarovsk, vladivostok, and yuzhno-sakhalinsk. borrelia infective rates of ticks in those areas were 24.5, 41.4, and 25.1%, respectively (total rate was 26.6%). spirochetes were also isolated from the tissues of small mammals captured at khabarovsk (infective rate was 20.8%). samples were classified by rrna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis ... | 1996 | 8837448 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in an endemic environment: wild sika deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) with infected ticks and antibodies. | ticks and blood samples were collected from wild sika deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) during a hunting season (august to october) of 1991 at a selected location in hokkaido, japan. ixodes persulcatus (adult and nymph) and i. ovatus (adult) were the common ticks on sika deer. spirochetes were detected in the midgut of the ticks by the indirect peroxidase-conjugated antibody staining method and by dark-field microscopy after cultivation. by the reactive pattern of monoclonal antibodies, isolates we ... | 1996 | 8871523 |
| [antibacterial therapy as a means of preventing ixodid tick-borne borreliosis]. | a special epidemiological experiment to prevent borreliosis in persons bitten by infected ticks was performed in 1992-1994 in the russia's perm region where borrelia garinii and b.afzelii circulate, and ixodes persulcatus tick is the sole vector transmitting these pathogens to human beings. adult ticks were removed from the bodies of persons who had referred to health facilities for first aid. vital preparations were made from the material obtained from the gut of each tick and examined microsco ... | 1996 | 8926931 |
| [contacts of the population of the republic of sakha (yakutia) with the tick ixodes persulcatus sch., 1930]. | 1996 | 8926933 | |
| a phylogenetic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates associated with lyme disease in japan by flagellin gene sequence determination. | we determined nearly complete flagellin gene sequences for borrelia burdgdorferi sensu lato isolates (11 isolates obtained from ixodes persulcatus ticks and patients in hokkaido, japan, and 1 european isolate) representing six different restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) ribotype groups following cloning of the pcr-amplified genes. these sequences were aligned with those of representatives of the three borrelia species associated with lyme disease, and a phylogenetic tree was constr ... | 1996 | 8934900 |
| [parasitic arthropods of bison bonasus from the białowieza primeval forest]. | during the period 1991-1993, 61 bisons from the białowieza primaeval forest were examined. 8 species of ectoparasites were noted: bovicola sedecimdecembrii, lipoptena cervi, dermacentor reticulatus, ixodes ricinus, ixodes persulcatus, chorioptes bovis, psoroptes ovis, demodex bisonianus. the most frequent incidence noted was d. bisonianus, prevalence 52%, followed b. sedecimdecembrii--28%, i. ricinus--12% and l. cervi 8%. | 1996 | 8967085 |
| [geographic variability in the sexually mature phase of ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae). experience in using databases on morphometry]. | the aim of the article is to estimate geographic variation of ixodes persulcatus adults as a whole. intraspecific variation of the females and males of ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930 has been studied in eight geographical localities ("populations") of its distribution range (fig. 1.). the distance between western and eastern localities is more than 8700 km, between northern and southern ones it is approximately 2900 km. twenty five to thirty specimens of each sex were studied in each geographi ... | 1996 | 8984442 |
| [molecular characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis virus from the southern sikhote-alin endemic region]. | molecular characteristics of 38 strains of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus isolated in the southern sikhote-alin focus were studied using 10 synthetic oligonucleotide probes complementary to the genomic rna of the sofyin strain. the isolated strains were divided into 4 groups, depending on the source of isolation: 1) strains isolated from ixodes persulcatus (n = 8); 2) from the brain of patients dead from tbe (n = 10); 3) from the blood of patients with the febrile form of tbe (n = 7); and 4 ... | 1996 | 8999668 |
| preliminary studies on virus and spirochete accumulation in the cement plug of ixodid ticks. | we provide evidence that tick-borne encephalitis virus and borrelia burgdorferi s.l. are accumulated in the cement plug in the host skin within the first few hours after tick attachment. extirpation of the tick without the cement plug, even very soon after the attachment, did not prevent the transmission by ixodes ricinus, ixodes persulcatus or dermacentor reticulatus to mice. this was within 1 hour in the case of the tbe virus and after 20-22 h of attachment, in the case of borrelia and i. pers ... | 1996 | 9004495 |
| [standards for reviewing preparations in the study of ixodid tick nymphs by dark-field microscopy in borreliosis foci]. | the results of dark-field microscopy of 73 positive preparations from the unfed ixodes persulcatus sch. nymphs collected in the perm region of russia have been analysed. the preparations were prepared by cutting the ticks placed into a physiological saline drop with needles. the numbers of borrelia in the preparations varied from 0.4 to 173.6 per 100 microscopic fields (mean 22.9). it has been demonstrated that if all the standard conditions are fulfilled (magnification 600), drop volume 0.005 m ... | 1996 | 9026665 |
| [the functioning of foci of mixed tick-borne infections on russian territory]. | based on the studies of behavioral variations in ixodes persulcatus ticks under the influence of their carried pathogens, the authors forward a hypothesis for that there is antagonism between borrelia and tick-borne encephalitis virus in the vector. experiments demonstrated that borrelia-infected ticks had a lower viral sensitivity than did noninfected ticks. there was inhibited viral reproduction in the ticks with double infection. evidence is presented for that the borrelia-infected nymphal ti ... | 1996 | 9026679 |
| [the reaction of taiga ticks to an attractant. iii. the use of attractant-acaricidal granules in a field experiment]. | on june 15, a total of 300 granules were placed at 1-m intervals on the sides of a concrete-covered road located along the steep slope of a valley. the number of ticks on 300-m plots decreased from 557 (before the experiment) to 55 on june 24 and to 11 on june 27. on the 200-m control plot there were 256, 280 and 168 ticks, respectively, in the same periods of time. thus, the efficiency of tick eradication was 91 and 97% on days 9 and 12, respectively. | 2009 | 9036276 |
| [the distribution of tick-borne encephalitis virus-infected ticks along a linear census route]. | an individual study of ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930, established that the distribution of infected ticks differs from the normal distribution and it is most close to the poisson distribution. there is a tendency to deviation from the uniform-random distribution associated with higher infected tick contact rates in some parts of the route. | 1996 | 9036277 |
| consensus sequence on the genes encoding the major outer surface proteins (ospa and ospb) of borrelia garinii isolate. | japanese lyme borrelias classified as ribotype iv is predominant among isolates derived from clinical specimens, reservoir rodents and ixodes persulcatus ticks, and has been characterized as borrelia garinii. these b. garinii isolates have antigenic and genetic features apparently different from north american, european and other asian isolates, especially in major outer surface proteins a (ospa) and b (ospb). in this study, we cloned and sequenced the genes encoding ospa and ospb from b. garini ... | 1997 | 9087950 |
| antibiotic treatment in mice infected with japanese borrelia garinii: efficacy of ceftriaxone for eradicating the infection induced by ixodes persulcatus tick bites. | we compared the efficacy of three antibiotics (ceftriaxone, erythromycin and clarithromycin) against borrelia garinii infection in mice. the nymphal ticks of ixodes persulcatus infected with the strain jem6 of japanese b. garinii were allowed to feed on female c3h mice. the mice were treated with each of the antibiotics for 5 consecutive days 1, 3, or 7 weeks after tick detachment. the doses of antibiotics per day were as follows: 5 mg intraperitoneal injection of ceftriaxone, 2 mg intraperitone ... | 1997 | 9087959 |
| [localization of borrelia in the ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae) tick]. | 1997 | 9102097 | |
| competence of a migratory bird, red-bellied thrush (turdus chrysolaus), as an avian reservoir for the lyme disease spirochetes in japan. | to evaluate the competence of migratory birds as reservoirs for the lyme disease spirochetes, we examined two species of migrants, red-bellied thrush (turdus chrysolaus) and black-faced bunting (emberiza spodocephala) in nemuro, the northern part of japan. spirochetes were found in four individual birds out of 11 t. chrysolaus, three isolates were detected from the skins and the other one was obtained from the liver. no spirochete was found to be infected in 20 e. spodocephala. as far as we know ... | 1997 | 9140513 |
| [the reaction of taiga ticks to an attractant. ii. the rates of removing ticks from a population]. | catching ticks on the attractant-moistened napkins and on the flag (control) under field conditions during 5 days has demonstrated that a population of taiga ticks on the treated areas can be killed within 1-2 weeks when attractive-acaricidal granules are applied. | 2009 | 9182195 |
| [comparative data on the tick-borne encephalitis virus infectiousness of hungry and satiated taiga ticks (based on the results of an immunoenzyme analysis)]. | the results of individual investigation of 25,500 ixodes persulcatus ticks from east siberia are presented. the ticks were collected from grass, men, and animals before their sticking and after feeding at different intervals. the quantity of positive specimens was 6-11 times higher among the fed ticks hungry ones and averaged 10.36 and 1.85%, respectively, at the first stage due to the higher aggression of the infected females at the first stage and due to viral replication when the tick had fee ... | 1997 | 9182196 |
| transmission of the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia garinii, between infected and uninfected immature ixodes persulcatus during cofeeding on mice. | the ixodid tick, ixodes persulcatus, serves as a vector for the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia garinii, in japan. transmission of the spirochete from infected nymphs to uninfected larvae during their cofeeding on mice was studied under laboratory conditions. using feeding chambers, infected nymphs and uninfected larvae were allowed to cofeed on heads of normal balb/c mice. in another group of mice, we separately exposed nymphs to the head and larvae to the back. the resultant engorged larvae ... | 1997 | 9194849 |
| biology of tick-borne encephalitis virus. | tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus is an important human pathogen belonging to the genus flavivirus within the family flaviviridae. the genome of the tbe virus is a single-stranded rna (ssrna) molecule of positive polarity encoding all the viral proteins within a single open reading frame (orf). tbe virus shares common physical and genetic characteristic of the flavivirus genus. two subtypes of the tbe virus have been described: (1) european, endemic in many parts of europe and transmitted by i ... | 1997 | 9219644 |
| [the clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis in the middle urals and their association with borrelia burgdorferi genospecies]. | a parallel study was made of the clinical spectrum of lyme borreliosis in the middle urals and genetic species of the causative agent (borrelia burgdorferi) in the ticks collected at the same territory. clinical picture of lyme borreliosis in the middle urals is different from that in america but had similar features with european borreliosis: nervous disorders were more frequent than arthritis, high incidence of the symptoms in segments close to the place of the agent inoculation, low occurrenc ... | 1997 | 9235672 |
| [present status of lyme borreliosis and characterization of lyme disease borrelia isolated in japan]. | lyme disease is a multisystemic disorder caused by infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato which is carried by ticks of the ixodes ricinus complex. the agent was discovered in 1982 in north america and the disease is recognized as an emerging infectious diseases in north america and europe. japanese borrelia isolates were characterized by genetic and immunologic analysis. isolates from ixodes ovatus were found to be unique by dna/dna hybridization analysis, restriction fragment length pol ... | 1997 | 9248350 |
| [distribution of hungry and engorged ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae) imagos on squares for absolute enumeration]. | it was found out by the methods of large scale cartography and mathematics modelling, that the distribution of ixodes persulcatus ticks around the point of clutch is still aggregated both on stages of hungry larvae and nymphs and on a stage of hungry imago. it is proposed to use the number of hungry imago aggregates as the criterium for the estimation of clatch number per square unit. wild animals living in foothill taiga forests of the central part of krasnoyarsk region support 9-10 female tick ... | 1997 | 9297178 |
| [the localization of borrelia in the body of the ixodes persulcatus tick at different developmental stages]. | borrelia burgdorferi s. lato have been recovered by means of an observations in a dark screen, phase and anoptrail contrasts in 87.47% imago and 100% nymphs and larvae of the ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in the leningrad, novgorod and pskov regions. four morphological types of borreliae have been recognized, which were present in all stages of ticks examined. the location of the agent in ticks was examined in the material coloured after levaditi. in the hungry stages and the most abundance ... | 1997 | 9304104 |
| genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated in far eastern russia. | one-hundred and fifty-seven borrelia isolated from adult ticks, ixodes persulcatus, and wild rodents, clethrionomys rufocanus and apodemus peninsulae, in the far eastern part of russia were characterized and identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the 5s-23s rrna intergenic spacer. some isolates showed unique rflp patterns and were determined as borrelia garinii on the basis of a sequence analysis of the intergenic spacer amplicon and reactivity with species-specific mon ... | 1997 | 9310938 |
| human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in southern germany: increased seroprevalence in high-risk groups. | to date, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge), the causative agent of which is likely transmitted by ticks in the ixodes ricinus-ixodes persulcatus complex, has not been diagnosed with certainty in patients outside the united states. the presence of a closely related vector tick, i. ricinus, as well as the occurrence of similar ehrlichia spp. of veterinary importance, suggests that this disease is likely to be present in europe. the aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of anti ... | 1997 | 9399527 |
| species-specific plasmid sequences for pcr identification of the three species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involved in lyme disease. | species-specific sequences were shown to be carried by plasmids of the three main species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involved in lyme disease. libraries of the 16-, 33-, and 25-kb plasmids of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii, respectively, were then built and used to isolate species-specific sequences. after sequencing of the cloned inserts, three sets of primers were designed. they were shown to determine species-specific pcr amplification products. t ... | 1998 | 9431963 |
| [the results of the serological examination of medium-sized mammals in the natural foci of arbovirus infections in central siberia]. | the serological survey of white hares (n = 8), squirrels (n = 118), and asian chipmunks (n = 486) in the dark coniferous forests of middle siberia revealed tick-borne encephalitis virus antihemagglutinins only in the former two species (37.5 +/- 17.1 and 7.6 +/- 2.4%, respectively) and in the squirrel, there is a close seasonal relation between the parameters of immune interbred and those virophoricity of taiga tick nymphs. | 1997 | 9445992 |
| [the reservoir hosts and vectors of borrelia--the causative organisms of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses in russia]. | 327 borrelia isolates from ixodid ticks of 3 species from 12 major administrative territories of russia (from leningrad province in the west to sakhalin province in the east), as well as from forest myomorph rodents of 6 species and from skin biopsies of borreliosis patents, were identified by the prc and rflp methods. b. afzelii, b. garinii and b. garinii nt29 were shown to be widespread in russia. no other borrelia genospecies were found. the main vectors of b. afzelii and b. garinii were ixod ... | 1997 | 9460862 |
| analysis of the organization of multicopy linear- and circular-plasmid-carried open reading frames in borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates. | plasmid cp8.3 of borrelia afzelii ip21 carries several open reading frames (orfs) and a 184-bp inverted repeat (ir) element. it has been speculated that this plasmid may encode factors involved in virulence or infectivity. in this report, we have characterized the distribution, molecular variability, and organization of orfs 1, 2, and 4 and the ir elements among isolates of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. orfs 1 and 2 are contained within a segment of cp8.3 that is bordered by the i ... | 1998 | 9488408 |
| serum complement sensitivity as a key factor in lyme disease ecology. | the sensitivity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato to animal sera was analyzed. complement-mediated borreliacidal effects were observed with particular combinations of host serum and borrelia genospecies. the species-specific pattern of viability and/or lysis is highly consistent with the pattern of reservoir competence of hosts for b. burgdorferi sensu lato, suggesting a key role of complement in the global ecology of lyme borreliosis. | 1998 | 9488421 |
| molecular typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by randomly amplified polymorphic dna fingerprinting analysis. | to study whether pathogenic clusters of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains occur, we typed 136 isolates, cultured from specimens from patients (n = 49) with various clinical entities and from ticks (n = 83) or dogs (n = 4) from different geographic regions, by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fingerprinting with four arbitrary primers. the rapd patterns were reproducible up to the 95% similarity level as shown in duplicate experiments. in these experiments the purified dnas prepare ... | 1998 | 9508310 |
| lyme disease in taiwan: first human patient with characteristic erythema chronicum migrans skin lesion. | we report herein the first laboratory-diagnosed case of lyme disease in a human in taiwan. a 45-year-old taiwanese man living in taipei, in northern taiwan, had an expanding skin lesion (measuring 23 by 15 cm) on his abdomen for 2 to 3 weeks and recurrent attacks of pain and swelling of the knee joint. serologic tests indicated a significantly elevated titer of antibody to borrelia burgdorferi. after appropriate antibiotic treatment for 3 weeks, the skin lesion was cured and the joint swelling w ... | 1998 | 9508317 |
| a human case of tick bite by ixodes persulcatus. | the first case of tick bite by ixodes persulcatus in korea is reported. the tick was found on the skin of right lower axilla region of a 60-year-old woman. | 1998 | 9529866 |
| a surface-exposed region of a novel outer membrane protein (p66) of borrelia spp. is variable in size and sequence. | a model of the 66-kda outer membrane protein (p66) of lyme disease borrelia spp. predicts a surface-exposed loop near the c terminus. this region contains an antigen commonly recognized by sera from lyme disease patients. in the present study, this region of p66 and homologous proteins of other borrelia spp. were further investigated by using monoclonal antibodies, epitope mapping of p66 of borrelia burgdorferi, and dna sequencing. a monoclonal antibody specific for b. burgdorferi bound to the p ... | 1998 | 9537355 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi from ticks (acari) in hebei province, china. | from may 1992 to august 1993, 1,196 ticks were collected by flagging vegetation and from domestic animals in chengde, zhangjiakou, shijiazhuang, and handan districts of hebei province. of those ticks collected, 954 were haemaphysalis japonicum warburton and h. longicornis neumann, 205 were ixodes persulcatus schulze, and 37 were dermacentor silvarum olenev. four strains of borrelia burgdorferi were isolated from 135 i. persulcatus collected in weichang and zhuolu counties. three of 574 haemaphys ... | 1998 | 9538567 |
| tick-borne borrelioses pathogen identification in ixodes ticks (acarina, ixodidae) collected in st. petersburg and kaliningrad baltic regions of russia. | two isolated baltic seashore populations of ixodes ticks were studied as vectors of different borrelia genospecies in russia by using darkfield microscopy and modified polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in the kalinigrad region (kurish spit, forests near the settlements of lesnoye and rybachy), 788 ixodes ricinus (l.) adults and nymphs were collected by flagging and studied by darkfield microscopy during 1995-1996. there were 88 darkfield microscopy positive specimens (11.2%) of which 69 were also ... | 1998 | 9538573 |
| [detection of the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi in ixodid ticks using solid-phase immunoenzyme analysis (elisa)]. | 138 ixodes persulcatus and 140 i. ricinus ticks were collected by flagging in the moscow region of russia in april-september 1995. borrelia burgdorferi infection rates of 171 (73 i. persulcatus and 98 i. ricinus) flat ticks were ascertained by both a dark-field microscopy and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the elisa is based on the use of "capture" monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to osp a l12-9b4 (2d8) in combination with rabbit antisera to osp a and b. this mab reacts with b. burgdo ... | 1997 | 9541935 |
| differential transmission of the genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by game birds and small rodents in england. | the genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was assessed in a focus of lyme borreliosis in southern britain dominated by game birds. ticks, rodents, and pheasants were analyzed for spirochete infections by pcr-targeting the 23s-5s rrna genes, followed by genotyping by the reverse line blot method. in questing ixodes ricinus ticks, three genospecies of b. burgdorferi sensu lato were detected, with the highest prevalences found for borrelia garinii and borrelia valaisiana. b. burgdorf ... | 1998 | 9546150 |
| diversity of european lyme disease spirochetes at the southern margin of their range. | we determined whether the genospecies diversity of lyme disease spirochetes in vector ticks questing on a subtropical island is as broad as that in central europe. although spirochetes infected < 1% of the ticks sampled on madeira island, these infections included all three genospecies implicated in human disease. therefore, spirochetal diversity is as great at the southern margin as it is in the center of this pathogen's range. | 1998 | 9572986 |
| [cyclic processes in the dynamics of the population count of the taiga tick and their relation to weather and climatic conditions]. | the paper continues the discussion of published materials on the dynamic of ixodes persulcatus number in mountain forests of the central part of the krasnoyarsk region during 1958-1990 (korotkov e. a., 1992). an unstationarity and polycyclicity of examined processus is confirmed. it is shown, that long-term and middle-term quasi-periodical fluctuations of the tick number are determined by successive changing in forest biocenoses going under the influence of respective fluctuations of the climate ... | 1998 | 9612819 |
| [prevention of lyme borreliosis infection after tick bites]. | lyme borreliosis is one of the zoonotic and vectorial diseases in the world. female of taiga tick, ixodes persulcatus play an important role being the main vector of the agents, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, of the disease in the far east including japan. the number of patients who contacted lyme borreliosis have been estimated to be around 100 cases in all of japan. we also detected the spirochetes from the skin tissues of 27 cases involving erythema and 3 cases without erythema after tick b ... | 1998 | 9642941 |
| lyme disease spirochetes in ticks from northeastern china. | during may 1996, field surveys on lyme disease spirochetes were conducted in beijing, shenyang, fushun, and inner mongolia in northeastern china. the ticks collected consisted of 3 genera and 12 species. of these, ixodes persulcatus was dominant in sun-exposed vegetation in forests in inner mongolia; 57 borrelia strains (55/123 unfed adults and 2/5 immature stages fed on a rodent) were obtained from this tick by bsk culture. additionally, 2/2 apodemus peninsulae were positive. ixodes nipponensis ... | 1998 | 9645846 |
| lyme disease borrelia species in northeastern china resemble those isolated from far eastern russia and japan. | fifty-nine borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato culture isolates collected from northeastern china were characterized by 5s-23s rrna intergenic spacer restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies (mabs). among 59 culture isolates, 30 (50.8%) were borrelia garinii and 17 (28.8%) were borrelia afzelii, 2 were mixtures composed of b. garinii with rflp pattern b and b. garinii with pattern c, and 9 were mixtures composed of b. garinii and b. afzelii. ... | 1998 | 9647853 |
| failure of ixodes ticks to inherit borrelia afzelii infection. | to define conditions promoting inherited infection by lyme disease spirochetes in ixodes ticks, we variously infected ticks with borrelia afzelii and examined their progenies by dark-field microscopy, immunofluorescence, pcr, and serial passage. no episode of inherited infection was evident, regardless of instar or gender infected or frequency of exposure. we suggest that these spirochetes rarely, if ever, are inherited by vector ticks. | 1998 | 9687480 |
| clinical features of lyme borreliosis in the middle urals and distribution of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in local ixodes persulcatus ticks. | from 1991 to 1993, we investigated the clinical features of lyme borreliosis (lb) in 864 patients from the sverdlovsk region (population 4.5 million) in the middle urals. ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected in the vicinity of yekaterinburg to determine the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. from 1991 to 1993, the number of patients with lb increased from 91 to 320 and 453, respectively. nearly all lb patients (97%) recalled a tick bite and the first signs of lb developed be ... | 1998 | 9728411 |
| genetic divergence and evolutionary instability in ospe-related members of the upstream homology box gene family in borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex isolates. | a series of related genes that are flanked at their 5' ends by a conserved upstream sequence element called the upstream homology box (uhb) have been identified in borrelia burgdorferi. these genes have been referred to as the uhb or erp gene family. we previously demonstrated that among a limited number of b. burgdorferi isolates, the uhb gene family is variable in composition and organization. prior to this report the uhb gene family in other species of the b. burgdorferi sensu lato complex ha ... | 1998 | 9746562 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in russia and neighbouring countries: high incidence of mixed isolates. | a total of 365 isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from 12 major administrative territories of russia (from st. petersburg in the west to south sakhalin in the east) and from the czech republic, estonia, lithuania, byelorussia, moldavia, ukraine and kirghizia were identified by analysis of restriction polymorphism of ribosomal rrf-rrl spacer amplicons. the isolates were obtained mainly from ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus ticks. other sources included small mammals, human patients and ... | 1997 | 9765854 |
| genospecies identification and characterization of lyme disease spirochetes of genospecies borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated from rodents in taiwan. | lyme disease spirochetes of the genospecies borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were identified and characterized for the first time in taiwan. seven isolates, designated twkm1 to twkm7, were purified from the ear tissues of three species of rodents captured from seven localities of taiwan. the immunological characteristics of these taiwan isolates were compared with those of other genospecies of lyme disease spirochetes by analyzing the protein profiles and reactivities with b. burgdorferi-specific ... | 1998 | 9774551 |
| molecular analysis of sequence heterogeneity among genes encoding decorin binding proteins a and b of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | immunization of mice with borrelia burgdorferi decorin binding protein a (dbpa), one of two gene products of the dbpba locus, has been shown recently to confer protection against challenge. hyperimmune dbpa antiserum killed a large number of b. burgdorferi sensu lato isolates of diverse phylogeny and origin, suggesting conservation of the protective epitope(s). in order to evaluate the heterogeneity of dbpa and dbpb and to facilitate defining the conserved epitope(s) of these antigens, the seque ... | 1998 | 9784533 |
| [studies on epidemiology and etiology of lyme disease in china]. | from 1987 to 1996, an investigation and study on lyme disease was conducted in sixty counties and districts of twenty-two provinces (autonomous region, municipality). seroepidemiological findings indicated that some residents from forest areas of twenty-two provinces had a high antibody titer for borrelia burgdorferi with positive rate 5.06% (1724/34104). endemic foci of lyme disease were discovered in seventeen provinces by etiological evidence. typical cases of lyme disease were diagnosed in e ... | 1997 | 9812472 |
| [endo- and ectoparasites as factors influencing variability of the humoral immunity response in a natural population of red vole (clethrionomys rutilus)]. | based on the five-year population study of red voles clethrionomys rutilus pallas in southern west siberia, we analysed the distribution of two predominating species of parasites (tapeworms hymenolepis horrida and immature instars of ticks ixodes persulcatus) in different demographic groups of the host, and seasonal changes of their incidence in the population. we assessed primary humoral immune response of the voles (splenic antibody-forming cells) to antigenic challenge (injection of sheep ery ... | 1998 | 9813882 |
| [propagation of the pathogen of lyme disease borrelia burgdorferi in the ticks ixodes persulcatus]. | an increase of the number of borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in nymphs was observed 3-4 months later the moulting and during the following 4-5 months. the percent of infected ticks remained unchanged. the reproduction of spirochete was going not only at a room temperature, but also at a lower temperature, 3-5 degrees (imitation of hibernation conditions). an increase of the spirochete density was especially well marked, when the ticks were maintained under fluctuated daily conditions. we have found o ... | 1998 | 9859126 |
| [features of the parasitic system of ixodid ticks--borrelia--small mammals in the russian northwest]. | mammals and ticks was collected in 1995-1997 years in novgorod region from may to september. traps were exposed during 5 consecutive days every month in 4 different biotopes. 928 hosts were captured during three years. 357 larvae and 59 nymphs of ixodes persulcatus, 356 larvae and 71 nymphs of i. trianguliceps were collected. the clethrionomys glareolus and sorex araneus are main hosts of larvae of i. persulcatus and i. trianguliceps. c. glareolus feed 76.2% of i. persulcatus larvae and 25% of i ... | 1998 | 9859127 |
| [transovarial transmission of borrelia burgdorferi s.l, to taiga tick ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae)]. | 1998 | 9891215 | |
| [borrelia burgdorferi, taxonomy, pathogenicity and spread]. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a bacterial complex of at least 10 species, most of which are non pathogenic for humans. non pathogenic species seem to be more vector-specific, their distribution being restricted to that of this vector. in opposition, the three species pathogenic for humans, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (b.b.s.s.), borrelia garinii (b.g.), and borrelia afzelii (b.a.), are transmitted by several species of ticks more diversified in their host choice. each of these three ... | 1998 | 9921400 |
| monocytic ehrlichia in ixodes persulcatus ticks from perm, russia. | 1999 | 10073519 | |
| isolation of lyme disease borrelia from puffins (fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (ixodes uriae) on the faeroe islands. | this is the first report on the isolation of lyme disease borrelia from seabirds on the faeroe islands and the characteristics of its enzootic cycle. the major components of the borrelia cycle include the puffin (fratercula arctica) as the reservoir and ixodes uriae as the vector. the importance of this cycle and its impact on the spread of human lyme borreliosis have not yet been established. borrelia spirochetes isolated from 2 of 102 sampled puffins were compared to the borreliae previously o ... | 1999 | 10074497 |
| [transovarial and transphasic transmissions of borrelia by the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae)]. | three generations of the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus, the descendants from naturally infected females, have been examined by means of dark field and phase contrast microscopies and indirect immunofluorescent reactions with monoclonal antibodies. location of borreliae in oocytes was examined by means of electron microscopy. the examined ticks derived from 9 females collected in the novgorod province, from 6 females of 1st laboratory generation and 5 females of the 2nd generation. in total, 250 ... | 1998 | 10188171 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes ricinus ticks in urban recreational areas of helsinki. | lyme borreliosis, an infection caused by the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, is a major health problem for populations in areas of endemicity in the northern hemisphere. in the present study we assessed the density of ticks and the prevalence of b. burgdorferi sensu lato among ticks in popular urban recreational areas of helsinki, finland. altogether 1,688 ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from five areas located within 5 km of the downtown section of helsinki, and 726 of them (303 ... | 1999 | 10203487 |
| [investigation on primary vectors of borrelia burgdorferi in china]. | from 1987 to 1997, primary vectors of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b.b.s.l.) were investigated in china. a total number of 17,000 ticks collected from 20 provinces, city and autonomous region were classified, including 2 families 8 genus 23 species. there were 108 isolates of b.b.s.l. discovered from 8 species of ticks, including ixodes persulcatus, i. granulatus, i. acutitarsus, haemaphysalis concinna, h. longicornis, h. bispinosis, h. cornigera taiwana and dermacentor silvarum. ixodes pers ... | 1998 | 10322682 |
| sexual transmission of borrelia garinii by male ixodes persulcatus ticks (acari, ixodidae). | we investigated the transmission of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii between male and female ixodes persulcatus ticks. for this purpose the infection rate of partners from tick couples was determined by polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot. in couples, where the male tick was infected with b. garinii, four out of nine female partners carried b. garinii. in eight couples, male ticks had a dual infection of b. afzelii and b. garinii and three female partners were infected by borrel ... | 1999 | 10356767 |
| in vitro activities of the everninomicin sch 27899 and other newer antimicrobial agents against borrelia burgdorferi. | the in vitro activity of the everninomicin antibiotic sch 27899 against 17 isolates of borrelia spp. was investigated. mics ranged from 0.06 to 0.5 microg/ml. time-kill studies with the b31 strain of b. burgdorferi demonstrated >/=3-log10-unit killing after 72 h with concentrations representing four times the mic. the in vitro activity of four other newer antimicrobial agents, meropenem, cefepime, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid, was also tested against the b31 strain. meropenem was the ... | 1999 | 10390242 |
| [the results of a study of the acaricidal activity of the preparation fewry-med]. | the acaricidal activity of fewry-med (10% zeta-zipermethrin) against ixodes persulcatus was studied in laboratory and field conditions. the drug's doses of 0.01-0.005 g/m2 (as calculated for active ingredient) provided 100% death of ticks when forest areas (tyumen' province) were treated. the efficiency of treatment preserved within 31 days (the follow-up period). when fewry-med was used in a dose of 0.005 and 0.01 g/m2, the soil levels of zeta-zipermethrin was lower than the maximum allowable c ... | 1999 | 10414046 |
| ticks as the main target of human tick-borne disease control: russian practical experience and its lessons. | for several decades, the emphasis in human tick-borne disease control has been on the epidemiologically-based preventive (non-specific) approach where tick vectors were the main target of control impact. a long-term, large-scale campaign for controlling the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus, the main vector of tick-borne encephalitis, was carried out in russia in the 1950s to 1970s. the practical experience accumulated during that campaign could be of great value for the current development of strat ... | 1999 | 10436877 |
| mixed infection by tick-borne encephalitis virus and borrelia in ticks. | to investigate the relationships between tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus and the bacterial spirochaete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in vectors with mixed infections, unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected by flagging from vegetation in southern-taiga forests of the pre-urals region of russia where both infections circulate sympatrically. prevalences of tbe and borrelia infections in a total of 4234 ticks were compared over 5 years. no significant differences were revealed bet ... | 1999 | 10484167 |
| molecular typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: taxonomic, epidemiological, and clinical implications. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the spirochete that causes human lyme borreliosis (lb), is a genetically and phenotypically divergent species. in the past several years, various molecular approaches have been developed and used to determine the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within the lb-related spirochetes and their potential association with distinct clinical syndromes. these methods include serotyping, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, dna-dna reassociation analysis, rrna gene restri ... | 1999 | 10515907 |
| genetic analysis of borrelia garinii ospa serotype 4 strains associated with neuroborreliosis: evidence for extensive genetic homogeneity. | infection with borrelia garinii outer surface protein (osp) a serotype 4 strains has been correlated with the development of neuroborreliosis in lyme borreliosis patients in europe. ospa serotype 4 isolates have been recovered primarily from human cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting a tropism for this environment. previous studies with monoclonal antibodies directed against ospa and ospc demonstrated that ospa serotype 4 strains are antigenically closely related. in view of the pronounced antigenic ... | 1999 | 10565915 |
| scored antibody reactivity determined by immunoblotting shows an association between clinical manifestations and presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. garinii, b. afzelii, and b. valaisiana in humans. | an immunoglobulin g immunoblot was developed with antigenic extracts of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. garinii, b. afzelii, and b. valaisiana genospecies and was reacted with sera from patients with neuroborreliosis, acrodermatitis, and lyme arthritis. a detailed analysis of the reactivities of the protein bands was performed, and a two-step scoring procedure was selected to determine the preferential reactivity of sera to one particular genospecies. the discriminative potential of 5 pro ... | 1999 | 10565936 |
| main features of tick-borne encephalitis eco-epidemiology in russia. | tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) is a classic obligatorily transmissible viral infection with natural focality, which is widespread mainly in eurasian forests of the temperate zone. virus was discovered in the russian far east in 1937. its main long-term reservoirs and vectors in natural foci are ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus ticks. boundaries of the virus range and the location of natural foci within it are closely associated with the distribution pattern of these ticks. the largest categories ... | 1999 | 10652719 |
| genetic diversity and the absence of regional differences of borrelia garinii as demonstrated by ospa and ospb gene sequence analysis. | unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected from four locations of nagano and hokkaido in japan. infected borrelia garinii were investigated by pcr-rflp of the ospa and ospb gene sequences. the primer set amplified an approximately 1.6-kb dna fragment (0.7-kb in some strains), and bsri, bstyi, or nlaiii digestion of the product resulted in six distinctively different pcr-rflp groups and two independent borrelial strains. the representatives in each pcr-rflp group and individuals from the ... | 1999 | 10656177 |
| prevalence of lyme disease borrelia spp. in ticks from migratory birds on the japanese mainland. | borrelia sp. prevalence in ticks on migratory birds was surveyed in central japan. in autumn, a total of 1,733 birds representing 40 species were examined for ticks. a total of 361 ticks were obtained from 173 birds of 15 species, and these ticks were immature haemaphysalis flava (94.4%), haemaphysalis longicornis, ixodes columnae, ixodes persulcatus, ixodes turdus, and an unidentified ixodes species. of these, 27 juveniles of h. flava on turdus pallidus, turdus cardis, or emberiza spodocephala, ... | 2000 | 10698761 |
| [the biodiversity dynamics of the causative agents of diseases transmitted by ticks in the genus ixodes: an analysis of multiyear data]. | fauna of pathogen's met in the organism of the primary tick-borne disease vectors--ixodes persulcatus schulze and ixodes ricinus (l.) was observed. prevalence of borrelia mono- and poly-infection in the i. persulcatus ticks within a season of the vector activity was analyzed and increase of the number of the dual infected specimens during the season was demonstrated. the first determination of ehrlichia infected i. ricinus and i. persulcatus collected in the baltic region of russia was stated. t ... | 1999 | 10703200 |
| analysis of the bmp gene family in borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | bmpa, bmpb, bmpc, and bmpd are homologous borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins of unknown functions, encoded by the bmp genes of paralogous chromosomal gene family 36. at least some of the bmp proteins are immunogens in infected vertebrate hosts. the genetic organization of the bmp region has been characterized for a variety of b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains by southern hybridization, pcr amplification, and dna sequencing. all four bmp genes were present in the same relative order in all b. burg ... | 2000 | 10715014 |
| acquisition of coinfection and simultaneous transmission of borrelia burgdorferi and ehrlichia phagocytophila by ixodes scapularis ticks. | the agents of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia phagocytophila) are both transmitted by the tick ixodes scapularis. in nature, ticks are often infected with both agents simultaneously. we studied whether previous infection with either borrelia or ehrlichia in ticks would affect acquisition and transmission of a second pathogen. ehrlichia-infected i. scapularis nymphs were fed upon borrelia-infected mice, and borrelia-infected i. scapularis nymphs ... | 2000 | 10722618 |
| new ehrlichia species closely related to ehrlichia chaffeensis isolated from ixodes ovatus ticks in japan. | seven ehrlichia strains (six hf strains and one anan strain) that were obtained from laboratory mice by intraperitoneally inoculating homogenates of adult ixodes ovatus collected in japan were characterized. 16s rrna sequences of all six hf strains were identical, and the sequences were 99.7, 98.2, and 97.7% identical to those of anan strain, ehrlichia chaffeensis (human monocytic ehrlichiosis agent), and e. muris, respectively. partial groel amino acid sequencing also revealed that the six hf s ... | 2000 | 10747103 |
| [the distribution characteristics of the taiga tick (ixodidae) in the city of tomsk]. | the study conducted in 1996-1997 has shown that in large town lads there is a steady population of the taiga tick with the maximum number 3 specimens per 1 km of account route. in these lads there are well developed wood and shrub layer, grass cover and thick ground litter layer. tick larvae often occur on rodents from these territories. in lads and gardens, where the ground litter is ruined and herbal cover is oppressed, the taiga ticks do not occur. in outskirts the number of ticks is higher. ... | 1999 | 10771765 |
| [the exploratory activity of the borrelia-infected taiga tick ixodes persulcatus]. | the infection with borrelia burgdorferi s. l. increases the questing activity of adults and nymphs of the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus. high temperature inhibits the moving and questing activities of the infected ticks in a greater extent than that in the non-infected ones. than more borreliae per a specimen of tick are present, the more tick's activity is affected. | 1999 | 10771773 |
| [the chronological structure of the population count of the taiga tick in the maritime territory]. | a time series analysis of 23-years observations of the ixodes persulcatus imago dynamics was carried out. the tick were counted in forests of the western sikhote-alin' foothills near ussuriysk. the fluctuations of the ticks number are quasiperiodical. they are formed by near 3-years oscillations, long-term non linear trend and accidental component. the observed process was described by means of a statistic model. this model combines the harmonic regression analysis with linear regression analysi ... | 1999 | 10771774 |
| tick-borne encephalitis. | tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) is a zoonotic arbovirus infection endemic to russia and eastern and central europe. despite being a common and serious life-threatening disease for which a mass vaccination program was implemented in austria, there is only limited reference to this disease in the english-language literature. tbe is transmitted to humans usually by the bite of a tick (either ixodes persulcatus or ixodes ricinus); occasionally, cases occur following consumption of infected unpasteuriz ... | 1999 | 10825054 |
| genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from mainland portugal. | to date borrelia lusitaniae is the only genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated from ixodes ricinus ticks collected in portugal and tunisia. this suggests that the genospecies diversity of b. burgdorferi sensu lato decreases toward the southwestern margin of its old world subtropical range. in order to further explore the genetic diversity of b. burgdorferi sensu lato from this region, 55 i. ricinus and 27 hyalomma marginatum questing adults, collected during the spring of 1998 f ... | 2000 | 10834965 |
| genetic characteristics of borrelia coriaceae isolates from the soft tick ornithodoros coriaceus (acari: argasidae). | two borrelia isolates (ca434 and ca435) cultured from the soft tick ornithodoros coriaceus were analyzed by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis of unrestricted and apai-restricted dna, standard electrophoresis of bamhi- and hindiii-restricted dna, southern hybridization, restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene, and amplification of the 5s-23s intergenic spacer region. these isolates were compared with borrelia coriaceae type strain ... | 2000 | 10878063 |
| identification of ehrlichia chaffeensis by nested pcr in ticks from southern china. | a total of 717 ticks collected from southern china were examined by nested pcr for the presence of ehrlichia chaffeensis. sixteen (55. 2%) of 29 adult amblyomma testudinarium ticks and 28 (11.7%) of 240 adult and at least 4.2% of 215 nymphal (pooled specimens) haemaphysalis yeni ticks tested positive. four other species of ticks were negative. selected positive amplicons were confirmed by dna sequencing. | 2000 | 10878087 |
| [an electron microscopic study of borrelia in the body of the female ixodid tick ixodes persulcatus]. | borrelia burgdorferi s. lato in naturally infected females of tick ixodes persulcatus were examined by transmission electron microscopy. the borreliae were found in midgut and ovary. location and ultrastructure of bacteria indicate extracellular migration through the midgut epithelium as a preferential way. in gonad, the borreliae intracellular situate in ovarian epithelium and oocytes before and at the beginning of vitellogenesis. the demonstration of numerous spirochetes in the oocytes provide ... | 2000 | 10920844 |
| peculiarities of behaviour of taiga (ixodes persulcatus) and sheep (ixodes ricinus) ticks (acarina: ixodidae) determined by different methods. | a comparison of the behavioural peculiarities of ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930 (north-western population, russia) and ixodes ricinus (l., 1758) from western russia and denmark was determined by using two methods. method 1 involved a sojourn of ticks on vertical plastic sticks and showed that the questing behaviour of i. ricinus nymphs was dependent on temperature and relative humidity (rh). a significantly greater number of nymphs quested at 22 degrees c and 100% rh than at 18 degrees c. when ... | 2000 | 10945740 |
| [the development and introduction of a rational system for the protection of the personnel in a large enterprise against attack by blood-sucking arthropods in western siberia]. | in the middle ob river valley (north and moderate taiga), a large number of bloodsucking dipterans (mosquitoes, blackflies, biting midges, horseflies) are recorded during 90-100 days; the activity of ixodes persulcatus and their attack on humans are notified during 90-115 days. a package of measures that protect petroleum industrial workers from the attacks of bloodsucking insects and ticks includes the use of protective suits, the treatment of premises with insecticides, the use of repellents, ... | 2000 | 10981414 |
| molecular and pathogenic characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from spain. | fifteen borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from questing ticks and skin biopsy specimens from erythema migrans patients in three different areas of spain were characterized. four different genospecies were found (nine borrelia garinii, including the two human isolates, three b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, two b. valaisiana, and one b. lusitaniae), showing a diverse spectrum of b. burgdorferi sensu lato species. b. garinii isolates were highly variable in terms of pulsed-field gel electropho ... | 2000 | 11060064 |
| granulocytic ehrlichiae in ixodes persulcatus ticks from an area in china where lyme disease is endemic. | a total of 372 adult ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected from vegetation in a forest area of heilongjiang province in northeastern china, where lyme disease is known to be endemic. the ticks were examined for the presence of granulocytic ehrlichiae by heminested pcr with primers derived from the 16s rrna gene. of 310 ticks obtained from the dahe forestry farm, two pools (each containing 5 ticks) were found positive, with a minimum infection rate of 0.6%. ehrlichial dna was also detected in o ... | 2000 | 11060091 |
| transfusion-acquired, autochthonous human babesiosis in japan: isolation of babesia microti-like parasites with hu-rbc-scid mice. | we have isolated piroplasms from a patient who developed the first case of human babesiosis in japan by using nod/shi-scid mice whose circulating erythrocytes (rbcs) had been replaced with human rbcs (hu-rbc-scid mice). following inoculation of the patient's blood specimen into hu-rbc-scid mice, parasites proliferated within the human rbcs in the mice, resulting in a high level of parasitemia. parasite dna was prepared from blood samples of the patient and the mice, and the nuclear small-subunit ... | 2000 | 11101588 |
| chemical composition of lipophylic compounds from the body surface of unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks (acari: ixodidae). | chemical compositions of ethereal extracts of the body surface of unfed male and female ixodes persulcatus ticks (acari: ixodidae) were studied by gas chromatography using mass-spectrometric detection. more than 100 different organic compounds were detected. the predominant components were saturated fatty hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, aldehydes, squalene, cholesterol and cholesterol derivatives. a number of compounds found in i. persulcatus are known as components of phero ... | 2000 | 11108395 |
| lone star tick-infecting borreliae are most closely related to the agent of bovine borreliosis. | although borrelia theileri, the agent of bovine borreliosis, was described at the turn of the century (in 1903), its relationship with borreliae causing lyme disease or relapsing fever remains undescribed. we tested the previously published hypothesis that spirochetes infecting lone star ticks (amblyomma americanum) may comprise b. theileri by analyzing the 16s ribosomal dnas (rdnas) and flagellin genes of these spirochetes. b. theileri, the amblyomma agent, and b. miyamotoi formed a natural gro ... | 2001 | 11158095 |
| seasonal population dynamics of ixodes ticks and tick-borne encephalitis virus. | seasonality of the epidemic and epizootic processes of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) depend on the period of activity of ixodid ticks ixodes persulcatus schulze and i. ricinus linnaeus, which are the main reservoirs and vectors of tbe virus, and also on the process of their activation. the period of activity is the period during which the ticks occur in the active state. activation is the transition into this state of ticks that moulted from the preceding stage and completed post-moulting develo ... | 2000 | 11227825 |
| specificities and sensitivities of four monoclonal antibodies for typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates. | borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme borreliosis, is genetically more heterogeneous than previously thought. in europe five genospecies have been described from the original b. burgdorferi sensu lato (sl): b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (ss), b. garinii, b. afzelii, b. lusitaniae, and b. valaisiana. in the united states, b. burgdorferi ss as well as b. bissettii in california and b. andersonii on the east coast were differentiated. in asia, b. japonica has been identified along, with b. garinii ... | 2001 | 11238225 |
| the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus ticks in the zone of their sympatry. | a total of 7210 unfed adult ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930 and i. ricinus (l., 1758) ticks were collected from the vegetation by flagging in 35 study sites located in the zone of their sympatry (mainly in leningrad region, russia). borrelia infection in ticks was estimated by the dark-field microscopic analysis of gut contents in standard vital preparations at a magnification of x600. no correlation was revealed between the series of parameters characterising the abundance of each tick species ... | 2001 | 11266136 |
| characterization of lyme borreliosis isolates from patients with erythema migrans and neuroborreliosis in southern sweden. | southern sweden is an area of lyme borreliosis (lb) endemicity, with an incidence of 69 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. the most frequent clinical manifestations are erythema migrans (77%) and neuroborreliosis (16%). there was no record of human borrelia strains being isolated from patients in this region before the prospective study reported here. borrelia spirochetes were isolated from skin and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from lb patients living in the region. a total of 39 strains were character ... | 2001 | 11283044 |
| p13, an integral membrane protein of borrelia burgdorferi, is c-terminally processed and contains surface-exposed domains. | to elucidate antigens present on the bacterial surface of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato that may be involved in pathogenesis, we characterized a protein, p13, with an apparent molecular mass of 13 kda. the protein was immunogenic and was expressed in large amounts during in vitro cultivation compared to other known antigens. an immunofluorescence assay, immunoelectron microscopy, and protease sensitivity assays indicated that p13 is surface exposed. the deduced sequence of the p13 peptide reve ... | 2001 | 11292755 |
| distribution and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from siberia and far-eastern asia. | in this study, tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) viruses from siberia and far-eastern asia were characterized in order to determine virus subtype distribution. tbe viruses were isolated from ticks (ixodes persulcatus) collected in the far-eastern (khabarovsk and vladivostok) and siberian (irkutsk) regions of russia in 1999. phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates formed distinct clusters of far-eastern and siberian subtypes. there was also a minor difference in antigenicity between the irkutsk is ... | 2001 | 11369875 |
| human babesiosis in japan: isolation of babesia microti-like parasites from an asymptomatic transfusion donor and from a rodent from an area where babesiosis is endemic. | to determine the source of infection for the japanese index case of human babesiosis, we analyzed blood samples from an asymptomatic individual whose blood had been transfused into the patient. in addition, we surveyed rodents collected from near the donor's residence. examination by microscopy and pcr failed to detect the parasite in the donor's blood obtained 8 months after the donation of the blood that was transfused. however, we were able to isolate babesia parasites by inoculating the bloo ... | 2001 | 11376054 |