Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [responses of agricultural crops of free-air co2 enrichment]. | over the past decade, free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiments have been conducted on several agricultural crops: wheat(triticum aestivum l.), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and rice(oryza sativa l.) which are c3 grasses; sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) möench), a c4 grass; white clover (trifolium repens), a c3 legume; potato (solanum tuberosum l.), a c3 forb with tuber storage; and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.) which are c3 woody perennials. using reports fr ... | 2002 | 12557686 |
| evaluating the potential of ssr flanking regions for examining taxonomic relationships in the vitaceae. | three est-derived microsatellite loci from vitis vinifera were amplified and sequenced across eight species of vitaceae from four different genera. phylogenetic analysis of the microsatellite's flanking regions produced informative results in congruence with previous studies. generic relationships were respected and the data produced sufficient inter-specific variation to distinguish between cayratia acris and cayratia saponaria, two very closely related species. overall, the sequence alignments ... | 2002 | 12579429 |
| genetic mapping of grapevine ( vitis vinifera l.) applied to the detection of qtls for seedlessness and berry weight. | parental and consensus genetic maps of vitis vinifera l. (2n = 38) were constructed using a f(1) progeny of 139 individuals from a cross between two partially seedless genotypes. the consensus map contained 301 markers [250 amplification fragment length polymorphisms (aflps), 44 simple sequence repeats (ssrs), three isozymes, two random amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds), one sequence-characterized amplified region (scar), and one phenotypic marker, berry color] mapped onto 20 linkage groups, an ... | 2002 | 12582493 |
| complete sequence of tvv1, a family of ty 1 copia-like retrotransposons of vitis vinifera l., reconstituted by chromosome walking. | a chromosome-walking strategy was used to sequence and characterize retrotransposons in the grapevine genome. the reconstitution of a family of retroelements, named tvv1, was achieved by six successive steps. these elements share a single, highly conserved open reading frame 4,153 nucleotides-long, putatively encoding the gag, pro, int, rt and rh proteins. comparison of the tvv1 open reading frame coding potential with those of drosophila copia and tobacco tnt1, revealed that tvv1 is closely rel ... | 2002 | 12582512 |
| identification of resistance gene analogs linked to a powdery mildew resistance locus in grapevine. | oligonucleotide primers, designed to conserved regions of nucleotide binding site (nbs) motifs within previously cloned pathogen resistance genes, were used to amplify resistance gene analogs (rgas) from grapevine. twenty eight unique grapevine rga sequences were identified and subdivided into 22 groups on the basis of nucleic acid sequence-identity of approximately 70% or greater. representatives from each group were used in a bulked segregant analysis strategy to screen for restriction fragmen ... | 2002 | 12582665 |
| postharvest uv-c-irradiated grapes as a potential source for producing stilbene-enriched red wines. | the use of postharvest controlled irradiation by uv pulses is proposed as a potential method to produce stilbene-enriched red wine. "monastrell" grapes were uv-c-irradiated to increase stilbene content. the main inducible stilbenes were resveratrol and piceatannol, which are molecules with reported health-beneficial activities. the evolution of both compounds was followed in the different steps of an "analytical" traditional maceration wine-making process. the final wine made from uv-c-irradiate ... | 2003 | 12590457 |
| contribution of benzenemethanethiol to smoky aroma of certain vitis vinifera l. wines. | benzenemethanethiol, a volatile thiol with a strong empyreumatic aroma reminiscent of smoke, has been identified in boxwood (buxus sempervirens l.) as well as in red and white vitis vinifera l. wines. the perception threshold in a model hydroalcoholic solution is approximately 0.3 ng/l. all of the wines analyzed for this study contained this compound in concentrations of several dozen nanograms per liter. the chardonnay wines had 30-40 ng/l. sensory discrimination between a wine containing 7 ng/ ... | 2003 | 12590483 |
| analysis of wine components in cynthiana and syrah wines. | red wine is composed of a complex matrix of compounds that can interfere with analysis. a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) procedure was developed to efficiently analyze organic acids, sugars, glycerol, and ethanol in cynthiana (vitis aestivalis) wine. standard laboratory procedures (ph, titratable acidity, and color attributes) and hplc were found reproducible for cynthiana wine. hplc recovery efficiency was determined by analysis of spiked and unspiked samples (model, cynthiana, a ... | 2003 | 12617581 |
| grape extract, resveratrol, and its analogs: a review. | the recent and essential reports on the biological activity of the principal phytophenols of vitis vinifera and wine, with special attention to resveratrol, are reviewed. the phytophenols are arbitrarily divisible into single-ring phenolic acids, bisphenols including stilbenes, tricyclic phenols (flavonoids) and their subclasses, and oligomeric and polymeric species, the proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins. their precursors and the stilbenes, including resveratrol with its analogs and conjugate ... | 2001 | 12639418 |
| characterization of anthocyanins in grape juices by ion trap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | a reverse phase hplc and electrospray interface with ion trap mass spectrometer method was developed for the characterization of anthocyanins in concord, rubired, and salvador grape juices. rubired and salvador grapes are hybrids from vitis vinifera and vitis rupestris. concord grape is a grape from the native american cultivar vitis labrusca. individual anthocyanins in these three varieties were identified on the basis of uv-vis and ms spectra and further elucidated by ms/ms spectra. anthocyani ... | 2003 | 12643639 |
| development and transferability of apricot and grape est microsatellite markers across taxa. | est microsatellite markers were developed in apricot (prunus armeniaca l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.). cdna libraries from either apricot leaves or grape roots were used in an enrichment procedure for ga and ca repeats. the transferability of est simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers from apricot and grapevine to other related and unrelated species was examined. overall, grape primers amplified products in most of the vitaceae accessions while the apricot primers amplified polymorphic alleles ... | 2003 | 12647067 |
| expression of a putative grapevine hexose transporter in tobacco alters morphogenesis and assimilate partitioning. | tobacco plants were transformed by leaf disc regeneration with the vvht1 (vitis vinifera hexose transporter 1) cdna under the control of the constitutive camv 35s promoter in a sense or antisense orientation. among the 20 sense plants and 10 antisense plants obtained, two sense plants showed a mutant phenotype when grown in vitro, with stunted growth and an increase in the (leaves+stem)/roots dry weight ratio. the rate of [(3)h]-glucose uptake in leaf discs from these plants was decreased to 25% ... | 2003 | 12654870 |
| colonization of vitis vinifera by a green fluorescence protein-labeled, gfp-marked strain of xylophilus ampelinus, the causal agent of bacterial necrosis of grapevine. | the dynamics of xylophilus ampelinus were studied in vitis vinifera cv. ugni blanc using gfp-marked bacterial strains to evaluate the relative importance of epiphytic and endophytic phases of plant colonization in disease development. currently, bacterial necrosis of grapevine is of economic importance in vineyards in three regions in france: the cognac, armagnac, and die areas. this disease is responsible for progressive destruction of vine shoots, leading to their death. we constructed gfp-mar ... | 2003 | 12676663 |
| background ozone monitoring and phytodetection in the greater rural area of corinth--greece. | natural background ozone levels were monitored in three places within the greater rural area of corinth, namely bogdani hill, astronomical observatory of krionerion, and kiato, and compared with ambient ozone monitored in the metropolitan area of athens. measurements were made sequentially, for a few weeks at each place, during the summer of 2000. in addition, ozone phytodetection, using tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) plants of the bel-w3 and zichnomirodata varieties, was conducted in 12 places ... | 2003 | 12697182 |
| microsatellite analysis of ancient alpine grape cultivars: pedigree reconstruction of vitis vinifera l. 'cornalin du valais'. | ancient and closely related grape cultivars from the alps were analyzed with 50 microsatellite markers: 'cornalin', 'humagne rouge' and 'goron' from valais (switzerland); 'cornalin', 'petit rouge' and 'mayolet' from the aosta valley (italy). our results confirmed previous studies showing that the 'cornalin' cultivars from switzerland and italy are distinct, and that 'humagne rouge' is identical to 'cornalin' from the aosta valley. we propose the nomenclature 'cornalin du valais' and 'cornalin d' ... | 2003 | 12734654 |
| nonspecific lipid-transfer protein genes expression in grape (vitis sp.) cells in response to fungal elicitor treatments. | nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) are small, basic cystein-rich proteins believed to be involved in plant defense mechanisms. three cdnas coding nsltps from grape (vitis vinifera sp.) were cloned by reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and pcr. the expression of nsltp genes was investigated in 41b-rootstock grape cell suspension, in response to various defense-related signal molecules. ergosterol (a fungi-specific sterol) and a proteinaceous elicitor purified from ... | 2003 | 12744517 |
| molecular linkage maps of vitis vinifera l. and vitis riparia mchx. | two linkage maps for grape (vitis spp.) have been developed based on 81 f(1) plants derived from an interspecific cross between the wine cultivar moscato bianco (vitis vinifera l.) and a vitis riparia mchx. accession, a donor of pathogen resistance traits. the double pseudotest-cross mapping strategy was applied using three types of molecular markers. the efficiency of ssrs to anchor homologous linkage groups from different vitis maps and the usefulness of aflps in saturating molecular linkage m ... | 2003 | 12748772 |
| crystallochemical characterization of calcium oxalate crystals isolated from seed coats of phaseolus vulgaris and leaves of vitis vinifera. | calcium oxalate crystals are a major biomineralization product in higher plants. their biological function and use are not well understood. in this work, we focus on the isolation and crystallochemical characterization of calcium oxalate crystals from seed coats of phaseolus vulgaris (prisms) and leaves of vitis vinifera (raphides and druses) using ultrastructural methods. a proposal based on crystal growth theory was used for explaining the existence of different morphologies shown by these cry ... | 2003 | 12749080 |
| evidence for host-associated clones of grape phylloxera daktulosphaira vitifoliae (hemiptera: phylloxeridae) in australia. | grape phylloxera, daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch, is an important pest of grapevines (vitis vinifera l.) (vitaceae). using microsatellite dna markers it was demonstrated strong associations can exist between d. vitifoliae asexual lineages and vine host type within a vineyard. also, in excised root bioassays, d. vitifoliae collected from three regions where different genotypic classes predominated showed host-specific differences in life table parameters of reproductive rate and intrinsic rate o ... | 2003 | 12762861 |
| pathway leading to the formation of anthocyanin-vinylphenol adducts and related pigments in red wines. | on the basis of observations from vitis vinifera cv. pinotage wines and experiments performed in model wine medium, a new chemical pathway responsible for the formation of anthocyanin-vinylphenol adducts in red wines is described. until now, these pigments have been considered to be reaction products of anthocyanins and vinylphenols, the latter being generated during fermentation by enzymatic decarboxylation of the respective cinnamic acids. the mechanism of the novel pathway, involving intact h ... | 2003 | 12769545 |
| impact of flumioxazin herbicide on growth and carbohydrate physiology in vitis vinifera l. | the impact of flumioxazin herbicide on in vitro-grown grapevine ( vitis vinifera l. cv. chardonnay) was investigated. the herbicide treatments (1, 10 or 100 micro m flumioxazin in mm medium) had a negative impact on photosynthesis, as revealed by a reduction in foliar chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, gas exchanges and alteration in plastid structure and, consequently, resulted in a strong inhibition of plantlet growth. surprisingly, soluble sugars and starch accumulated in all organs, sugges ... | 2003 | 12789529 |
| the endopolygalacturonase 1 from botrytis cinerea activates grapevine defense reactions unrelated to its enzymatic activity. | a purified glycoprotein from botrytis cinerea (strain t4), identified as endopolygalacturonase 1 (t4bcpg1) by mass spectrometry analysis, has been shown to activate defense reactions in grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. gamay). these reactions include calcium influx, production of active oxygen species, activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, defense gene transcript accumulation, and phytoalexin production. most of these defense reactions were also activated in grapevine in response to ... | 2003 | 12795381 |
| grape and grape seed extract capacities at protecting ldl against oxidation generated by cu2+, aaph or sin-1 and at decreasing superoxide thp-1 cell production. a comparison to other extracts or compounds. | a large body of evidence supports the key role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in atherosclerosis. the aim of this study was to compare the capacity of natural polyphenols (pp) from vitis vinifera and olea europea at protecting ldl against oxidation brought about by cu2+, oxygen-centered radical-generating aaph, or peroxynitrite-generating sin-1 in vitro systems, or at impairing superoxide production in promonocyte cells (thp-1) conveniently differentiated into adherent macrophages. pp were ... | 2003 | 12797479 |
| are xylem radial development and hydraulic conductivity in downwardly-growing grapevine shoots influenced by perturbed auxin metabolism? | downwardly-growing grapevine shoots have smaller and more frequent vessels than upwardly-growing ones and, as a consequence, a lower hydraulic conductivity. here, grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) shoot growth orientation was manipulated to test whether downward shoot orientation negatively affects vessel growth in the apex via a shortage of water and nutrients. the orientation of the central vine shoot portion was inverted by two consecutive 135 degrees bends, resulting in double-bent n-shaped vine ... | 2002 | 12817565 |
| stress effects of flumioxazin herbicide on grapevine ( vitis vinifera l.) grown in vitro. | among the herbicides used in vineyards, the pre-emergence soil-applied flumioxazin (fmx) is a recently synthesized molecule that inhibits chlorophyll biosynthesis in weed species. the aim of this work was to characterize the effects of fmx on non-target grapevine ( vitis vinifera l. cv. chardonnay) plantlets grown in vitro. fmx treatment (from 1 to 100 micro m) represented a stress, as revealed by measurement of several parameters. stem and leaves underwent dehydration and a decrease in both wat ... | 2003 | 12819925 |
| effects of flumioxazin herbicide on carbon nutrition of vitis vinifera l. | to evaluate the impact of the herbicide flumioxazin (fmx) on nontarget grapevines, its effects were assessed on fruiting cuttings and field-grown plants. the stress caused by the herbicide differed according to the grapevine model. in cuttings, leaf gas exchange and photosynthetic pigment levels as well as hexose contents decreased, whereas sucrose and starch accumulated, suggesting an inhibition of photosynthesis and an increase of carbohydrate reserves as a response to the fmx-induced stress. ... | 2003 | 12822940 |
| environmental conditions during vegetative growth determine the major proteins that accumulate in mature grapes. | despite recent reports in the literature that chitinases comprise approximately 50% of the soluble proteins present in mature vitis vinifera l. (cv. moscatel) grapes, with the other major proteins being thaumatin-like proteins, a careful inspection of the published data reveals inconsistencies as to which proteins actually accumulate in mature grapes. mature moscatel grapes were harvested in the same vineyard in two consecutive years, 1999 and 2000. the grapes exhibited widely distinct polypepti ... | 2003 | 12822945 |
| mycoflora and ochratoxin-producing strains of aspergillus section nigri in wine grapes in argentina. | the aims of this work were to evaluate the mycoflora and to identify the species of aspergillus with the potential to produce ochratoxin a (oa) from different wine grape varieties from mendoza, argentina. likewise, the capacity to produce oa by aspergillus section nigri was studied. | 2003 | 12859664 |
| anthocyanic vacuolar inclusions (avis) selectively bind acylated anthocyanins in vitis vinifera l. (grapevine) suspension culture. | anthocyanic vacuolar inclusions (avis) appear as dark red-to-purple spheres of various sizes in vacuoles of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) cell suspension culture due to their interaction with anthocyanins. avis were purified and the bound anthocyanins extracted and analysed by hplc from two lines of v. vinifera isolated from the same callus accumulating anthocyanin in the dark, yet varying in their anthocyanin profiles and accumulation. an intermediate-pigmented line (fu-1) with a 1.3:1 ratio of ... | 2003 | 12889790 |
| aflp analysis of genetic relationships among aromatic grapevines (vitis vinifera). | genotypic diversity has been detected among aromatic grapevines (vitis vinifera) by molecular markers (aflps). the 22 primer-pairs generated a total of 1,331 bands of which 564 (40%) were polymorphic over all the genotypes. the bootstrap analysis pointed out that a large number of polymorphic bands (200-400) has to be used for a better estimation of the genetic distances among genotypes; 383 polymorphic aflp bands were used for the cluster and the principal coordinate analyses because they did n ... | 2003 | 12898028 |
| high-efficiency biolistic co-transformation and regeneration of 'chardonnay' (vitis vinifera l.) containing npt-ii and antimicrobial peptide genes. | a reliable and efficient system for transformation and regeneration of 'chardonnay' (vitis vinifera l.) plants via microprojectile bombardment was developed. improvements over the previous biolistic transformation system included: (1) the use of gold particles for bombardment; (2) step-wise selection at 10 then 15 mg/l kanamycin; and (3) embryo induction at 27 degrees c. embryogenic cell cultures were either bombarded with pbi426, which contains the reporter gene gus (uida) coding for beta-glucu ... | 2003 | 12908080 |
| stress reactions in vitis vinifera l. following soil application of the herbicide flumioxazin. | in order to evaluate the stress effects of flumioxazin (fmx) on grapevine, a non-target plant (vitis vinifera l.), physiological parameters such as carbohydrate content, water status or nitrogenous metabolites were investigated on fruiting cuttings and plants grown in vineyard. in the leaves of cuttings, the soil-applied herbicide induced stress manifestations including a decrease of the dry weight percentage and the soluble carbohydrate content during the first week after treatment. thereafter, ... | 2003 | 12919779 |
| effects of solvent and temperature on pressurized liquid extraction of anthocyanins and total phenolics from dried red grape skin. | pressurized liquid extraction (ple) was used to extract anthocyanins from the freeze-dried skin of a highly pigmented red wine grape with six solvents at 50 degrees c, 10.1 mpa, and 3 x 5 min extraction cycles. temperature (from 20 to 140 degrees c in 20 degrees c increments) effects on anthocyanin recovery by acidified water and acidified 60% methanol were also studied. acidified methanol extracted the highest levels of total monoglucosides and total anthocyanins, whereas the solvent mixture (4 ... | 2003 | 12926860 |
| metabolism of fungicide diethofencarb in grape (vitis vinifera l.): definitive identification of thiolactic acid conjugated metabolites. | the metabolic fate of diethofencarb (isopropyl 3,4-diethoxycarbanilate) separately labeled with (14)c at the phenyl ring and 2-position of the isopropyl moiety was studied in grape (vitis vinifera l.). the acetonitrile solution of (14)c-diethofencarb at a rate of 500 g a.i. ha(-)(1) was once applied topically to fruits or leaves at the maturity stage of fruits (phi 35 days), and the plants were grown in the greenhouse until harvest. in the grape plants, diethofencarb was scarcely translocated to ... | 2003 | 12926879 |
| aroma composition of vitis vinifera cv. tannat: the typical red wine from uruguay. | the free volatiles, as well as those released from the glycosidically bound forms by enzyme hydrolysis, have been analyzed to chracterize young tannat wines from two successive vintages. the tannat wine showed some aroma profile peculiarities detected in the free forms but, above all, in the bound fraction for the level and profile of the norisoprenoidic fraction. among the free volatile compunds, a rather low content of c(6) alcohols with a prevalence of cis-3-hexen-1-ol on the trans form and s ... | 2003 | 12926890 |
| genetic structure and differentiation in cultivated grape, vitis vinifera l. | 222 cultivated (vitis vinifera) and 22 wild (v. vinifera ssp. sylvestris) grape accessions were analysed for genetic diversity and differentiation at eight microsatellite loci. a total of 94 alleles were detected, with extensive polymorphism among the accessions. multivariate relationships among accessions revealed 16 genetic groups structured into three clusters, supporting the classical eco-geographic grouping of grape cultivars: occidentalis, pontica and orientalis. french cultivars appeared ... | 2003 | 12929909 |
| phenolic and heterocyclic metabolite profiles of the grapevine pathogen eutypa lata. | the ascomycete eutypa lata is the causative agent of eutypa dieback in grapevines, a serious economic problem in major wine grape producing areas. in order to develop a predictive, non-destructive assay for early detection of fungal infection, the phenolic metabolite profiles of 11 strains of e. lata grown on four different artificial growth media were analyzed by hplc and their variability compared with growth on cabernet sauvignon grapevine wood and wood extracts. six compounds were generally ... | 2003 | 12943765 |
| control of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway gene expression by eutypine, a toxin from eutypa lata, in grape cell tissue cultures. | eutypine, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-3-butene-1-ynyl) benzaldehyde, is a toxin produced by eutypa lata, the causal agent of eutypa dieback in grapevine. the effect of the toxin on anthocyanin synthesis has been investigated in vitis vinifera cv. gamay cell cultures. at concentrations higher than 200 micromol/l, eutypine reduced anthocyanin accumulation in cells. the reduction in anthocyanin accumulation was proportional to the eutypine concentrations and hplc analysis showed that eutypine affected th ... | 2003 | 12964874 |
| manipulating anthocyanin composition in vitis vinifera suspension cultures by elicitation with jasmonic acid and light irradiation. | jasmonic acid altered the accumulation of major anthocyanins in vitis vinifera cell culture. peonidin 3-glucoside content at day three was increased from 0.3 to 1.7 mg g(-1) dry cell wt while other major anthocyanins were increased by smaller increments. by day 14, the content of methylated and acylated anthocyanins (peonidin 3-p-coumaroylglucoside and malvidin 3-p-coumaroylglucoside) was 6.3 mg g(-1) dcw, in response to treatment with jasmonic acid, and comprising approximately 45% (w/w) of tot ... | 2003 | 12966999 |
| carotenoid compounds in grapes and their relationship to plant water status. | the aim of this work was to study the relationship between carotenoid contents in grapevine berries and plant water status. for this purpose, a black grapevine variety, vitis vinifera l. cv. touriga nacional, was studied. the experiments were carried out in the same douro vineyards, with plants of the same age, in two different water retention soils. a higher water retention capacity soil, soil a, and a lower water retention capacity soil, soil b, were both in a 1.2 m deep silt-loam schist-deriv ... | 2003 | 13129303 |
| [examination of yeast fungi in wine grapes in bulgaria]. | 1957 | 13525060 | |
| prolonging dormancy in vitis vinifera with gibberellin. | 1959 | 13657050 | |
| evidence on the evolution of polymorphism of microsatellite markers in varieties of vitis vinifera l. | this paper contributes a description of four mutations in microsatellite allele-length found within strains of each of the varieties known as muscat d'alsace, greco di tufo, primitivo and corvina veronese: the comparison of microsatellite sequences of wild and mutated strains showed in all cases an increase of one or more repeats of the core ga sequence. whereas studies on animals reported mutations which originated in gametes, in grapevines somatic cell-mutations take place and are eventually f ... | 2004 | 13679982 |
| [research on vine rhizosphere (vitis vinifera)]. | 1963 | 14048728 | |
| transformation of apple ( malus domestica borkh.) with the stilbene synthase gene from grapevine ( vitis vinifera l.) and a pgip gene from kiwi ( actinidia deliciosa). | the objective of the present research was to introduce genes with antifungal potential into the commercially important apple cvs. elstar and holsteiner cox in order to establish resistance against fungal diseases. the gene encoding the stilbene synthase (vst1) from vitis vinifera l., responsible for the synthesis of the phytoalexin resveratrol in grapevine, and the gene for a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) from kiwi ( actinidia deliciosa) were transferred into holsteiner cox and els ... | 2003 | 14504909 |
| procyanidins from grape seeds protect endothelial cells from peroxynitrite damage and enhance endothelium-dependent relaxation in human artery: new evidences for cardio-protection. | the peroxynitrite scavenging ability of procyanidins from vitis vinifera l. seeds was studied in homogeneous solution and in human umbilical endothelial cells (ea.hy926 cell line) using 3-morpholinosydnonimine (sin-1) as peroxynitrite generator. in homogeneous phase procyanidins dose-dependently inhibited 2',7'-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein (dcfh) oxidation induced by sin-1 with an ic50 value of 0.28 microm. when endothelial cells (ec) were exposed to 5 mm sin-1, marked morphological alterations i ... | 2003 | 14511773 |
| effect of ochratoxin a-producing aspergilli on stilbenic phytoalexin synthesis in grapes. | berries of vitis vinifera l. cv. barbera were infected, at veraison and during ripening, by a conidial suspension of a. japonicus, a. ochraceus, a. fumigatus and two isolates of a. carbonarius to control ochratoxin a production and stilbene induced synthesis. the experimental design provided also for intact and punctured berries and incubation temperature of 25 degrees c and 30 degrees c. all the tested fungi, except a. fumigatus, significantly increased trans-resveratrol synthesis over the cont ... | 2003 | 14518937 |
| vitisin a content in chilean wines from vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon and contribution to the color of aged red wines. | vitisin a was prepared from malvidin 3-glucoside and pyruvic acid in model wine medium, isolated by countercurrent chromatography, and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the synthesized compound was used as a reference standard to quantify vitisin a in chilean wines from vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon, including a vertical row of wines from the same vineyard over 16 years. maximum vitisin a content was reached within the first year of storage. important ... | 2003 | 14518953 |
| black aspergillus species as ochratoxin a producers in portuguese wine grapes. | to evaluate the incidence of fungi producing ochratoxin a (oa) in portuguese wine grapes, a survey was conducted in 11 vineyards, from four winemaking regions each with distinct climatic conditions. from setting to the harvesting period, a total of 1,650 berries were sampled by plating methods. out of 370 aspergilli and 301 penicillium strains isolated, 14% of the aspergilli were oa-producing strains. none of the penicillia were oa-producing strains. the black aspergilli were predominant (90%). ... | 2003 | 14527786 |
| metabolic engineering of saccharomyces cerevisiae for the synthesis of the wine-related antioxidant resveratrol. | the stilbene resveratrol is a stress metabolite produced by vitis vinifera grapevines during fungal infection, wounding or uv radiation. resveratrol is synthesised particularly in the skins of grape berries and only trace amounts are present in the fruit flesh. red wine contains a much higher resveratrol concentration than white wine, due to skin contact during fermentation. apart from its antifungal characteristics, resveratrol has also been shown to have cancer chemopreventive activity and to ... | 2003 | 14554199 |
| monomeric, oligomeric, and polymeric flavan-3-ol composition of wines and grapes from vitis vinifera l. cv. graciano, tempranillo, and cabernet sauvignon. | the monomeric, oligomeric, and polymeric flavan-3-ol composition of wines, grape seeds, and skins from vitis vinifera l. cv. graciano, tempranillo, and cabernet sauvignon has been studied using (1) fractionation by polyamide column chromatography followed by hplc/esi-ms analysis, (2) fractionation on c(18) sep-pak cartridges followed by reaction with vanillin and acid-catalyzed degradation in the presence of toluene-alpha-thiol (thiolysis). the content of monomers ((+)-catechin and (-)-epicatech ... | 2003 | 14558765 |
| effects of fludioxonil and pyrimethanil, two fungicides used against botrytis cinerea, on carbohydrate physiology in vitis vinifera l. | in vitis vinifera l, photosynthesis and photosynthate partitioning are affected in the presence of fludioxonil and pyrimethanil, two fungicides commonly used in vineyards against botrytis cinerea pers. however, the effects were found to be different according to the model studied: plantlets (cv chardonnay) grown in vitro, fruiting cuttings (cv chardonnay) and plants grown in vineyards (cvs chardonnay, pinot noir and pinot meunier). in the plantlets grown in vitro, both fungicides decreased gas e ... | 2003 | 14561065 |
| genetic stability assessments of plantlets regenerated from cryopreserved in vitro cultured grape and kiwi shoot-tips using rapd. | in vitro cultured shoot-tips of four grape (vitis vinifera) cultivars and one kiwi (actinidia deliciosa) cultivar were cryopreserved using the encapsulation-dehydration method. genomic dna of plantlets regenerated directly from cryopreserved shoot-tips was extracted and analyzed using the rapd (random amplified polymorphic dna) technique. the rapd profiles obtained were highly reproducible and no differences were found between the dna patterns obtained with plantlets regenerated from control and ... | 2014 | 14566391 |
| chitosan improves development, and protects vitis vinifera l. against botrytis cinerea. | we evaluated the potential of chitosan both to stimulate plant development and to induce protection from botrytis cinerea in vitis vinifera l. plantlets. the presence of 1.75% (v/v) chitogel in the culture medium was the optimal concentration for in vitro grapevine plantlet growth, as determined by measurements on enhancement of root and shoot biomass. photosynthesis and related parameters were also stimulated in chitogel-treated plantlets. chitogel reduced the development of botrytis cinerea an ... | 2004 | 14595516 |
| [regulation of the metabolism of ethyl alcohol in the body with oligomeric proanthocyanides as a preventive measure against its toxic effect]. | the study evaluated the effects of a complex of oligomer proanthocyanidines derived from the crowns of the grapes vitis vinifera on the oxidation of ethanol and on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase in the plasma of male volunteers given ethanol once, as well as in the rat liver during long-term alcohol use. oligomer proanthocyanides were shown to be actively involved in the human and animal metabolism of ethyl alcohol in vivo. under their action, the reductase acti ... | 2003 | 14598757 |
| why are grape/fresh wine anthocyanins so simple and why is it that red wine color lasts so long? | vitis vinifera red berries are characterized by anthocyanins whose chemical structures are among the simplest encountered in higher plants. on the contrary, many plants, including orchids, petunias, red cabbage, elderberries, potatoes for instance, have developed very complicated anthocyanins featuring side-chains at the available positions of the aglycone skeleton. such pigments were shown to possess bio-physico-chemical properties not to be seen with the grape common anthocyanins. among bevera ... | 2003 | 14599515 |
| a microsatellite marker based framework linkage map of vitis vinifera l. | we have constructed a framework linkage map based on microsatellite markers for vitis vinifera l., the european wine grape. the mapping population consisted of 153 progeny plants from a cross of vitis vinifera cvs. riesling x cabernet sauvignon. one hundred fifty-two microsatellite markers and one polymorphic est marker have been mapped to 20 linkage groups (2 n=38). the map covers 1,728 cm with an average distance between markers of 11.0 cm. estimates of genome size, expected genome coverage, a ... | 2004 | 14605808 |
| [polyphenols and anthocyanins in fruits, grapes juices and wines, and evaluation of their antioxidant activity]. | the objective of this study was to produce grape (vitis vinifera l.) extracts using efficient solvents and to compare antioxidant activity, polyphenol and anthocyanin content and composition in the produced extracts to the same characteristics of grape juices and wines. methanolic and aqueous extracts of red and blue grapes were produced. total amounts of polyphenols and anthocyanins in grape extracts, juices and wines were determined. total polyphenols were spectrophotometrically determined mea ... | 2003 | 14617869 |
| oligogalacturonide signal transduction, induction of defense-related responses and protection of grapevine against botrytis cinerea. | grapevine ( vitis vinifera l.) is vulnerable to a variety of pathogenic fungi, among them botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould, is responsible for worldwide yield losses that would be even more important without a successful control that relies mainly on fungicides. in the present work we investigated an alternative way of using oligogalacturonides (oga) to induce defense responses in grapevine and protection against b. cinerea. kinetic experiments with grapevine cells showed that og ... | 2004 | 14618326 |
| grape anaphylaxis. | grape allergy is particularly rare in spite of the vast extension of vitis vinifera cultivation on all continents. we report on the case of a 28-year-old woman who presented with allergic systemic reaction after eating white grapes (vitis vinifera). she complained of two severe episodes of anaphylaxis after eating grapes, with generalized pruritus, acute generalized urticaria, facial swelling, lip and oropharingeal angioedema, and dysphagia. both the episodes were treated at the emergency room l ... | 2003 | 14635473 |
| pyruvic acid and acetaldehyde production by different strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae: relationship with vitisin a and b formation in red wines. | the production of pyruvate and acetaldehyde by 10 strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae was monitored during the fermentation of vitis vinifera l. variety tempranillo grape must to determine how these compounds might influence the formation of the pyroanthocyanins vitisin a and b (malvidin-3-o-glucoside-pyruvate acid and malvidin-3-o-glucoside-4 vinyl, respectively). pyruvate and acetaldehyde production patterns were determined for each strain. pyruvate production reached a maximum on day four of ... | 2003 | 14640591 |
| a study on the interplay between energy and matter transformation: the effect of elevated temperatures on the leaf morphology of vitis vinifera var. merlot. | this investigation explores the relationship between increased energy levels and leaf morphology. it tests the idea that the causal agent of development is the dissipation of energy into transformed matter. the energy under which leaves developed was modified by increasing temperatures in grape cordons through wrapping them in clear plastic sleeves in the early spring. at the higher temperatures, and energy levels, there was a small but statistically significant decrease in leaf size and a chang ... | 2003 | 14643493 |
| laminarin elicits defense responses in grapevine and induces protection against botrytis cinerea and plasmopara viticola. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is susceptible to many pathogens, such as botrytis cinerea, plasmopara viticola, uncinula necator, and eutypa lata. phytochemicals are used intensively in vineyards to limit pathogen infections, but the appearance of pesticide-resistant pathogen strains and a desire to protect the environment require that alternative strategies be found. in the present study, the beta-1,3-glucan laminarin derived from the brown algae laminaria digitata was shown both to be an effici ... | 2003 | 14651345 |
| the biology of xylem fluid-feeding insect vectors of xylella fastidiosa and their relation to disease epidemiology. | xylophagous leafhopppers are common and abundant insects of tropical and subtropical environments and play important ecological roles in these ecosystems. the feeding biology of these insects is unique in terms of their high feeding rates and a digestive physiology that allows them to assimilate amino acids, organic acids, and sugars at approximately 99% efficiency. for those species well studied, fluctuations in plant xylem chemistry and tension appear to determine the diurnal and seasonal use ... | 2004 | 14651464 |
| use of a green fluorescent strain for analysis of xylella fastidiosa colonization of vitis vinifera. | xylella fastidiosa causes pierce's disease of grapevine as well as several other major agricultural diseases but is a benign endophyte in most host plants. x. fastidiosa colonizes the xylem vessels of host plants and is transmitted by xylem sap-feeding insect vectors. to understand better the pattern of host colonization and its relationship to disease, we engineered x. fastidiosa to express a green fluorescent protein (gfp) constitutively and performed confocal laser-scanning microscopic analys ... | 2003 | 14660381 |
| molecular genetic diversity of the french-american grapevine hybrids cultivated in north america. | french-american hybrid grapevines are most popular in eastern and mid-western north america: they are hardy cultivars derived from crosses between the european vitis vinifera and american wild vines. the aim of this study was to characterize their genetic background using 6 microsatellite (ssr) markers and a set of 33 diagnostic rapd markers. the latter were reproducible with different pcr thermal cyclers. two ssr loci were found to be synonymous, vrzag47 and vvmd27. the dna profile frequencies ... | 2003 | 14663522 |
| composition and cellular localization of tannins in grape seeds during maturation. | cell walls were isolated from seeds of grape berries (vitis vinifera l.), and proanthocyanidin composition was determined over the course of ripening for different levels of vine water status. during the ripening period the tannins from the cell walls were always more polymerized than those from the inner part of the cell. at maturity this difference becomes more significant compared to véraison, due to a significant increase in the mean degree of polymerization of the cell wall tannins. the tan ... | 2003 | 14690395 |
| magnetic resonance imaging for nondestructive analysis of wine grapes. | magnetic resonance imaging (mri) was used to study the growth and ripening of grape berries for three varieties. the results show that this technique allows the visualization of internal characteristics of berries using noninvasive procedures in order to obtain the volume and degrees brix distribution within a cluster. samples of cabernet sauvignon, carmenère, and chardonnay varieties collected over the 2002 season were analyzed. calibration models were developed to correlate soluble solids (deg ... | 2004 | 14733490 |
| major flavonoids in grape seeds and skins: antioxidant capacity of catechin, epicatechin, and gallic acid. | grape seeds and skins are good sources of phytochemicals such as gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin and are suitable raw materials for the production of antioxidative dietary supplements. the differences in levels of the major monomeric flavanols and phenolic acids in seeds and skins from grapes of vitis vinifera varieties merlot and chardonnay and in seeds from grapes of vitis rotundifolia variety muscadine were determined, and the antioxidant activities of these components were assessed. t ... | 2004 | 14733505 |
| shoot development in grapevine (vitis vinifera) is affected by the modular branching pattern of the stem and intra- and inter-shoot trophic competition. | shoot architecture variability in grapevine (vitis vinifera) was analysed using a generic modelling approach based on thermal time developed for annual herbaceous species. the analysis of shoot architecture was based on various levels of shoot organization, including pre-existing and newly formed parts of the stem, and on the modular structure of the stem, which consists of a repeated succession of three phytomers (p0-p1-p2). | 2004 | 14749253 |
| colony aggregation and biofilm formation in xylem chemistry-based media for xylella fastidiosa. | two chemically defined media based on xylem fluid chemistry were developed for xylella fastidiosa. these media were tested and compared to chemically defined media xdm2, xdm4 and xf-26. new media were evaluated for the pierce's disease (pd) strain ucla-pd. our media either was similar to the concentration of some amino acids found in the xylem fluid of the pd-susceptible vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay (medium chard2) or incorporated the tripeptide glutathione found in xylem fluid composition (med ... | 2004 | 14757251 |
| efficient one pot extraction and depolymerization of grape (vitis vinifera) pomace procyanidins for the preparation of antioxidant thio-conjugates. | antioxidant thio-conjugates were obtained from white grape pomace by a clean and efficient one pot extraction and depolymerization method using water and cysteamine hydrochloride. to evaluate the potential of grape pomaces of different origins as sources of proanthocyanidins and conjugates, we conducted varietal comparative studies of polyphenol content, antioxidant power, and procyanidin composition. xarel.lo proved to be the richest source of polyphenols. the total conversion into the conjugat ... | 2004 | 14759134 |
| investigations on anthocyanins in wines from vitis vinifera cv. pinotage: factors influencing the formation of pinotin a and its correlation with wine age. | pinotage red wines were found to contain a reaction product of malvidin 3-glucoside and caffeic acid, the so-called pinotin a. a total of 50 pinotage wines from the vintages 1996-2002 were analyzed for the content of pinotin a, malvidin 3-glucoside, caffeic acid, and caftaric acid. statistical analyses were performed to reveal variations in the content of these compounds and to determine the factors that influence pinotin a formation during wine aging. an exponential increase of the concentratio ... | 2004 | 14759139 |
| effect of antioxidant protection of must on volatile compounds and aroma shelf life of falanghina (vitis vinifera l.) wine. | two vinification methods involving different degrees of antioxidant protection of falanghina must during prefermentative steps, and referred as hamp (high antioxidant must protection) and lamp (low antioxidant must protection), were compared in terms of fermentation performances of four different yeast strains, composition of the volatile fraction of wines at the end of alcoholic fermentation, and shelf life of wines during storage. the use of hamp technology resulted in wines with lower volatil ... | 2004 | 14969547 |
| effect of fungicide residues on the aromatic composition of white wine inoculated with three saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. | the effects of three fungicide residues (cyprodinil, fludioxonil, and pyrimethanil) on the aromatic composition (acids, alcohols, and esters) of vitis vinifera white wines (var. airén) inoculated with three saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (syn. bayanus, cerevisiae, and syn. uvarum) are studied. the aromatic exponents were extracted and concentrated by adsorption-thermal desorption and were determined by gas chromatography using a mass selective detector. the addition of the three fungicides at ... | 2004 | 14995128 |
| occurrence of pyranoanthocyanins in sparkling wines manufactured with red grape varieties. | the anthocyanin pigments in rosé (vitis vinifera cv. garnacha) and blanc de noir (v. vinifera cv. monastrell) base and sparkling wines were studied by lc-dad/esi-ms. anthocyanins of grape origin and pyranoanthocyanins resulting from c-4/c-5 cycloaddition of the former ones with pyruvic acid, acetaldehyde, 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, and 4-vinylcatechol were identified in the different wines. rosé wines presented a higher total pigment content than blanc de noir wines. pyranoanthocyanins repr ... | 2004 | 14995137 |
| temporal dynamics of otiorhynchus schlaeflini (coleoptera: curculionidae) adults and damage assessment on two wine grape cultivars. | the nocturnal temporal dynamics of adults of otiorhynchus schlaeflini stierlin on wine grape vitis vinifelra l. 'rhoditis' and 'mavroudi' were studied in the western peloponnese during spring 1993 and 1994. the maximum number of adults was recorded approximately 3 h after sunset. emergence began on 13 march 1993 and 19 march 1994; the population peaked on 24 and 16 april in each year, respectively. low numbers of adults were found during daytime observations in may. the length and the number of ... | 2004 | 15002401 |
| polyamines and somatic embryogenesis in two vitis vinifera cultivars. | polyamine content and activities of enzymes of polyamine biosynthesis were assayed during somatic embryogenesis in vitis vinifera callus cultures of chardonnay and brachetto 'a grappolo lungo' (brachetto g.l.) cultivars. the analyses were carried out on embryogenic callus samples, embryos at different stages and developing plants. polyamine content, both in the free and pca-soluble conjugated form, was higher in brachetto g.l. than in chardonnay, and putrescine was present at higher concentratio ... | 2004 | 15032828 |
| interaction between vitis vinifera and grape phylloxera: changes in root tissue during nodosity formation. | the interaction between the gall-forming grapevine parasite, phylloxera, and the susceptible grapevine species vitis vinifera was investigated. | 2004 | 15044213 |
| enantioselective analysis of free and glycosidically bound monoterpene polyols in vitis vinifera l. cvs. morio muscat and muscat ottonel: evidence for an oxidative monoterpene metabolism in grapes. | the enantiomeric ratios of various free and glycosidically bound monoterpene polyols in musts of the aromatic grapes vitis vinifera l. cvs. morio muscat and muscat ottonel were determined by means of enantioselective multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. reference compounds of defined stereochemistry were synthesized and permitted the unequivocal determination of the elution order of the target compounds on chiral columns with modified cyclodextrins as stationary phases. it coul ... | 2004 | 15053548 |
| production of highly 13c-labeled polyphenols in vitis vinifera cell bioreactor cultures. | the use of vitis vinifera cells grown in a 2 l-stirred tank bioreactor for producing isotopically 13c-labeled phenolic substances is presented. several culture parameters were optimized to achieve characteristics of growth and polyphenol metabolism similar to that recorded in shake flasks. administration of [1-13c]l-phenylalanine (3 mm) to grape cell suspension cultures led to the production of 13c-labeled stilbenes (trans- and cis-piceids), catechins (catechin and epicatechin) and anthocyanins ... | 2004 | 15066766 |
| [study of the intra-cultivar variability of grape dna using rflp and pcr methods]. | evaluation of dna polymorphism among vitis vinifera varieties using rflp and pcr methods has been performed to choose a dna technology for detection of grape intracultivar variation. dna polymorphism of clones of the varieties riparia gluar, riparia x rupestris 101-14, cabernet sauvignon, riestling reinskiy has been studied using southern hybridization and amplification techniques. it has been shown that grape intracultivar variability of rdna in riparia x rupestris 101-14 and cabernet sauvignon ... | 2008 | 15067943 |
| qualitative and quantitative variation among volatile profiles induced by tetranychus urticae feeding on plants from various families. | many plant species are known to emit herbivore-induced volatiles in response to herbivory. the spider mite tetranychus urticae koch is a generalist that can feed on several hundreds of host plant species. volatiles emitted by t. urticae-infested plants of 11 species were compared: soybean (glycine max), golden chain (laburnum anagyroides), black locust (robinia pseudo-acacia), cowpea (vigna unguiculata), tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), eggplant (solanum melalonga), thorn apple (datura stramonium), ... | 2004 | 15074658 |
| analysis of the oxidative degradation of proanthocyanidins under basic conditions. | proanthocyanidin isolates from grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir) skin and seed underwent oxidative degradation in solution (10 g/l) under basic conditions while exposed to atmospheric oxygen. degradation was monitored by reversed-phase hplc following acid-catalyzed cleavage in the presence of excess phloroglucinol (phloroglucinolysis) and by high-performance gel permeation chromatography. all isolates degraded under these conditions and followed second-order kinetics for over 1 half-life, ... | 2004 | 15080635 |
| combining thermal and visible imagery for estimating canopy temperature and identifying plant stress. | thermal imaging is a potential tool for estimating plant temperature, which can be used as an indicator of stomatal closure and water deficit stress. in this study, a new method for processing and analysing thermal images was developed. by using remote sensing software, the information from thermal and visible images was combined, the images were classified to identify leaf area and sunlit and shaded parts of the canopy, and the temperature statistics for specific canopy components were calculat ... | 2004 | 15133055 |
| procyanidins from vitis vinifera seeds display cardioprotection in an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion damage. | since the early 1970s, increasing evidence has suggested that the consumption of moderate amounts of alcohol is inversely correlated with mortality from myocardial infarction. there is also some evidence that the protective effects of wine might be more pronounced than those of other alcoholic beverages. these observations prompted us to investigate the cardioprotective activity of vitis vinifera seeds in experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury. an isolated rabbit heart preparation paced electr ... | 2003 | 15134376 |
| processes contributing to photoprotection of grapevine leaves illuminated at low temperature. | photoinactivation of photosystem ii (psii) and energy dissipation at low leaf temperatures were investigated in leaves of glasshouse-grown grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv. riesling). at low temperatures (< 15 degrees c), photosynthetic rates of co(2) assimilation were reduced. however, despite a significant increase in the amount of light excessive to that required by photosynthesis, grapevine leaves maintained high intrinsic quantum efficiencies of psii (f(v)/f(m)) and were highly resistant to ... | 2004 | 15153195 |
| polyphenol glucosylating activity in cell suspensions of grape (vitis vinifera). | stilbenes are phenolic molecules that have antifungal effects in the plant and antioxidant and anti-cancer effects when consumed in the human diet. glycosylation of stilbenes increases their solubility and may make them more easily absorbed by the intestine. we have found an activity in extracts of cultured cells of vitis vinifera (cv. gamay freaux) that glucosylates the stilbene resveratrol to form piceid. the km for udp-glucose was 1.2 mm, and the km for resveratrol was 0.06 mm, values similar ... | 2004 | 15161217 |
| influence of vine training and sunlight exposure on the 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines content in musts and wines from the vitis vinifera variety cabernet sauvignon. | the influence of vine training and sunlight exposure on the 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines contents in musts and wines was studied by means of two previously reported methods based on headspace solid-phase micro-extraction. experimental samples were monitored throughout grape ripening and wine making. 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine, 3-sec-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine and 3-isopropyl-2-methoxypyrazine were identified. the 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine content decreased throughout grape ripening in all of the ... | 2004 | 15161221 |
| identification of vitis vinifera (-)-alpha-terpineol synthase by in silico screening of full-length cdna ests and functional characterization of recombinant terpene synthase. | the flavour and aroma of certain vitis vinifera grape varieties is dominated by volatile terpenes and small volatile aldehydes. monoterpenes contribute to the final grape and wine aroma and flavour in form of free volatiles and as glycoside conjugates of monoterpene alcohols. typical monoterpenol components of the cultivar gewürztraminer and other aroma-rich grape varieties are linalool, geraniol, nerol, citronellol, and alpha-terpineol. in a functional genomics effort to identify genes for the ... | 2004 | 15184006 |
| mapping 245 ssr markers on the vitis vinifera genome: a tool for grape genetics. | the aim of the present work was to develop a microsatellite marker-based map of the vitis vinifera genome (n=19), useful for genetic studies in this perennial heterozygous species, as ssr markers are highly transferable co-dominant markers. a total of 346 primer pairs were tested on the two parents (syrah and grenache) of a full sib population of 96 individuals (s x g population), successfully amplifying 310 markers. of these, 88.4% markers were heterozygous for at least one of the two parents. ... | 2004 | 15184982 |
| diversification within grapevine cultivars goes through chimeric states. | vitis vinifera 'pinot' clones were analysed at 50 microsatellite loci to assess intravarietal genetic diversity. when analysing leaf tissue dnas, polymorphism mainly resulted from the appearance of a third allele when two were expected for heterozygous loci in a diploid species. the sequencing of the three microsatellite alleles at two loci has confirmed their simultaneous presence in the leaf tissues. a hypothesis explaining the triallelic profiles at a locus is the presence of a periclinal chi ... | 2004 | 15190375 |
| cell wall modification in grapevine cells in response to uv stress investigated by atomic force microscopy. | despite cell wall reinforcement being a well-known defence mechanism of plants, it remains poorly characterized from a physical point of view. the objective of this work was to further describe this mechanism. vitis vinifera cv gamay cells were treated with uv-light (254 nm), a well-known elicitor of defence mechanisms in grapevines, and physical cell wall modifications were observed using the atomic force microscopy (afm) under native conditions. the grapevine cell suspensions were continuously ... | 2004 | 15231307 |
| polyphenol screening of pomace from red and white grape varieties (vitis vinifera l.) by hplc-dad-ms/ms. | phenolic compounds of 14 pomace samples originating from red and white winemaking were characterized by hplc-ms. up to 13 anthocyanins, 11 hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, and 13 catechins and flavonols as well as 2 stilbenes were identified and quantified in the skins and seeds by hplc-dad. large variabilities comprising all individual phenolic compounds were observed, depending on cultivar and vintage. grape skins proved to be rich sources of anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, flava ... | 2004 | 15237937 |
| water and temperature relations of growth and ochratoxin a production by aspergillus carbonarius strains from grapes in europe and israel. | this study investigated the in vitro effects of water activity (a(w); 0.85-0.987) and temperature (10-40 degrees c) on growth and ochratoxin a (ota) production by two strains of aspergillus carbonarius isolated from wine grapes from three different european countries and israel on a synthetic grape juice medium representative of mid-veraison (total of eight strains). | 2004 | 15239712 |
| occurrence and significance of bacillus thuringiensis on wine grapes. | wine grapes harvested at different stages during cultivation from several vineyards in new south wales, australia, harboured bacillus thuringiensis at viable populations of 10(2)-10(6) cfu/g. commercial preparations of b. thuringiensis had been sprayed onto the grapes as a biological insecticide. b. thuringiensis (10(1)-10(3) cfu/ml) was isolated from grape juice and fermenting grape juice in a commercial winery. although b. thuringiensis remained viable when inoculated at 10(3)-10(4) cfu/ml int ... | 2004 | 15246241 |
| novel expression pattern of cytosolic gln synthetase in nitrogen-fixing root nodules of the actinorhizal host, datisca glomerata. | gln synthetase (gs) is the key enzyme of primary ammonia assimilation in nitrogen-fixing root nodules of legumes and actinorhizal (frankia-nodulated) plants. in root nodules of datisca glomerata (datiscaceae), transcripts hybridizing to a conserved coding region of the abundant nodule isoform, dggs1-1, are abundant in uninfected nodule cortical tissue, but expression was not detectable in the infected zone or in the nodule meristem. similarly, the gs holoprotein is immunolocalized exclusively to ... | 2004 | 15247391 |
| floral meristem identity genes are expressed during tendril development in grapevine. | to study the early steps of flower initiation and development in grapevine (vitis vinifera), we have isolated two mads-box genes, vful-l and vap1, the putative ful-like and ap1 grapevine orthologs, and analyzed their expression patterns during vegetative and reproductive development. both genes are expressed in lateral meristems that, in grapevine, can give rise to either inflorescences or tendrils. they are also coexpressed in inflorescence and flower meristems. during flower development, vful- ... | 2004 | 15247405 |
| asymptomatic sensitisation to grapes in a sample of workers in the wine industry. | to assess the prevalence of sensitisation to grapes (vitis vinifera var. agiorghitiko) in a population with repeated exposure to grape allergens through direct cutaneous contact as well as through the gastrointestinal tract. | 2004 | 15258279 |
| stir bar sorptive extraction applied to volatile constituents evolution during vitis vinifera ripening. | the stir bar sorptive extraction (sbse) technique is used to determine volatile constituents in monastrell grapes. the method proposed involves a maceration step lasting 2 h and a sorption time of 6 h. the coefficients of variation obtained were <4% in the case of the volatile compounds and <2% for the internal standard. the behavior of the volatiles during grape ripening was studied, and 34 compounds were determined, among which geranyl acetone, geranyl butyrate, farnesol, and a bicycloterpene, ... | 2004 | 15264921 |