Publications

[on the role of xanthine in riboflavine biosynthesis by the yeast candida guilliermondii].		1966	5995919
[purification and properties of the pichia guilliermondii acid nucleotide pyrophosphatase hydrolyzing flavin adeninine dinucleotide].	acid nucleotide pyrophosphatase was isolated from the cell-free extracts of pichia guilliermondii wickerham atcc 9058. the enzyme was 25-fold purified by saturation with ammonium sulphate, gel-filtration on sephadex g-150 column and ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex a-50 column. the ph optimum was 5.9, temperature optimum--45 degrees c. the enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of fad, nad+ and nadh, displaying the highest activity with nad+. the km, values for fad, nad+ and nadh were 1.3 x ...	1980	6103593
[purification and properties of pichia guilliermondii yeast alkaline nucleotide pyrophosphatase hydrolyzing flavin adenine dinucleotide].	alkaline nucleotide pyrophosphatase was isolated from the pichia guilliermondii wickerham atcc 9058 cell-free extracts. the enzyme was 740-fold purified by saturation of ammonium sulphate, gel-chromatography on sephadex g-150 and ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose. nucleotide pyrophosphatase is the most active at ph 8.3 and 49 degrees c. the enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of fad, nad+, nadh, nadph, gtp. the km value for fad is 2.4 x 10(-4) m and for nad+--5.7 x 10(-6) m. the hydrolys ...	1981	6111146
[method of identification of industrial strains of candida guilliermondii].		1982	6177915
selective interaction of a fucus vesiculosus lectin-like mucopolysaccharide with several candida species.	a complex carbohydrate specific lectin-like mucopolysaccharide extracted from the brown alga fucus vesiculosus was found to agglutinate candida guilliermondii cells but not those of other species of the same genus (except for a weak agglutination with c. krusei). the selective binding of this mucopolysaccharide correspondingly affected the growth of the yeasts. the results suggest that there are notable differences--at least with respect to the receptors for the f. vesiculosus mucopolysaccharide ...	1983	6223551
impaired neutrophil function and myeloperoxidase deficiency in pregnancy.	the ability of neutrophils to phagocytose and kill candida guilliermondii was investigated in 28 pregnant women and compared wtih 29 healthy controls. phagocytosis was normal, but the ability to kill and digest candida was reduced to 65% of normal. quantitative myeloperoxidase measurement revealed a considerable reduction of this enzyme (55% of normal) while neutrophil alkaline phosphatase levels were nearly twice as high as in normals. it is suggested that both lack of myeloperoxidase and impai ...	1980	6246914
[changes in the membrane atpase activity of erythrocytes and candida guilliermondii under the action of roseofungin].	changes in the mg-atpase and na, k-atpase activity of the rat erythrocyte and candida guilliermondii membranes under the effect of roseofungin were studied. the antibiotic was totally bound to the isolated plasmatic membranes of candida guilliermondii, up to 3 micrograms of the antibiotic per 1 microgram of the yeast protein. the mg-aptase activity of these membranes was slightly inhibited by the antibiotic. the activity of na, k-atpase was almost completely inhibited even at 0.04 mg of roseofun ...	1980	6255858
[aggregation and separability of the shikimate pathway enzymes in yeasts].	gel filtration was employed to estimate the molecular weights and to determine possible physical aggregation of enzymes [5-dehydroquinate synthase (dhq synthase), 5-dehydroquinase (dhqase, ec 4.2.1.10), shikimate: nadp oxidoreductase (ec 1.1.1.25), shikimate kinase (ec 2.7.1.71), 3-enolpyruvylshikimate 5-phosphate synthase (epsp synthase)] in the shikimate pathway in eleven species of yeasts. the five enzymes were not aggregated in extracts of hansenula henricii, h. fabianii, h. anomala, candida ...	1981	6270920
[selection and mutant properties of pichia guilliermondii yeasts with derepressed gtp cyclohydrolase, the enzyme of the 1st step in flavinogenesis].	a positive method is proposed for selecting pichia guilliermondii mutants with derepressed gtp cyclohydrolase. mutants with the incompletely blocked gene rib2 were used as parent strains; these can grow in a medium without riboflavin (rf) only if the enzyme is derepressed as the result of iron deficiency in cells. strains growing in a medium without rf at the optimal supply of cells with iron were selected as regulatory mutants. the mutants accumulated 6,7-dimethylpterin in high concentrations a ...	1982	6280023
defective neutrophil function and microbicidal mechanisms in the myelodysplastic disorders.	neutrophil function studies have been carried out in a series of 44 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes (mds). in vitro tests of phagocytosis and killing of candida guilliermondii and staphylococcus aureus identified 13 patients with abnormal neutrophil function at presentation and a further 10 who developed abnormalities during the course of their disease. the incidence of defective function in the five disease categories in this series was: refractory cytopenia (rc) 8/17; refractor ...	1983	6311878
[effect of 2-amino-2-thiazoline on the sulfhydryl group content of yeasts of various degrees of radiosensitivity].	the influence of 2-amino-2-thiazoline on the level of total sulphydryl groups in the haploid and diploid yeast cells saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia guilliermondii has been studied. the increase of radioresistance of the yeast cells has been shown to be connected with the growing content of the endogenous thiols.	1984	6375739
[studies on candida guilliermondii for the purpose of obtaining the maximum number of protoplasts].		1984	6377832
[alcohol oxidation by candida guilliermondii yeasts grown on hexadecanol].	a number of enzyme systems involved in the first steps of hexadecane oxidation can be induced by hexadecanol, an intermediate product of hexadecane degradation. it has also been found that, in candida guilliermondii cells and in their mitochondrial fraction, an oxidase system is induced when the cells are grown on hexadecanol. this system is similar to that in cells grown on hexadecane; it oxidises higher alcohols at a high rate and is not inhibited by the inhibitors of the man phosphorylating r ...	1984	6384744
[the role of glutathione in natural and modified radioresistance of yeast cells].	a study was made of the dependence of different natural and modified radioresistance upon glutathione content of yeast cells (saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia guilliermondii). it was shown that glutathione was only involved in the formation of natural radioresistance in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. it was also shown that the increase in the radioresistance of yeast cells under the effect of 2-amino-2-thiazoline was accompanied by the increase in the level of total glutathione in them.	1984	6390498
[role of endogenous substances in creating a background of increased radioresistance. 15. serotonin participation in the formation of radioresistance in the photoprotection of pichia guilliermondii yeast cells].		1981	6458063
mycoflora of the human dermal surfaces.	the mycotic flora of the scalp and interdigital areas of the hand and foot of 1296 apparently healthy human inhabitants of three amazonian communities were surveyed by means of microscopic examination of epidermal scrapings and cultural isolation on mycosel agar. no macroscopic or microscopic evidence of fungal infection was detected in any of our study subjects. from 133 (10%) individuals, 143 fungi representing 13 genera and 39 species were recovered. yeasts constituted 85% of the fungi. seven ...	1984	6509388
biosynthesis of riboflavin. enzymatic formation of the xylene moiety from [14c]ribulose 5-phosphate.	we have studied the enzymatic formation of the xylene ring of riboflavin using cell extracts from the flavinogenic yeast candida guilliermondii. 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1h,3h)-pyrimidinedione or its 5'-phosphate could serve as substrates. in addition, a pentose phosphate or pentulose phosphate was required. experiments with [14c]ribulose 5-phosphate gave evidence for the incorporation of the ribulose carbon atoms except c-4 into the xylene ring of the vitamin.	1984	6546684
defective phagocytosis in insulin controlled diabetics: evidence for a reaction between glucose and opsonising proteins.	neutrophils from diabetic patients controlled with insulin showed impaired phagocytosis of a yeast, candida guilliermondii. the defect was detected by measuring the initial rate of phagocytosis at optimal concentrations of phagocytes and organisms in autologous plasma. by mixing normal neutrophils in diabetic plasma and vice versa both cellular and plasma abnormalities were shown. the defect was reproduced by incubating normal plasma at a d-glucose concentration of 15 mmol/l for 3 h or for short ...	1984	6747013
phagocytosing neutrophils rapidly release a factor which inhibits granulopoiesis in vitro.	phagocytosis of the heat-killed opsonised yeast, candida guilliermondii, by human neutrophils resulted in the rapid release of a potent factor which suppressed granulopoiesis in vitro. the factor has been shown to act on monocytes and macrophages by inhibiting the production and release of colony-stimulating factor (csf) which is the specific stimulator of granulocytic colony-forming cell (cfuc) proliferation in vitro. when added directly to target cells containing cfuc, the inhibitory factor ha ...	1982	6800198
antibacterial activities of candida yeasts. partial purification and characterization of the active substance of candida guilliermondii.	the activity spectra of 25 candida strains on strains of different species of bacteria were recorded. the active substance produced by candida guilliermondii strain 848 was partially purified by cation exchange and chromatography gel filtration on sephadex g-15. the substance is heat stable (80 degrees c, 10 min), not susceptible to treatment with proteases and most probably of a molecular weight smaller than 3500 dalton. at a concentration of 50 a.u./ml it acts bacteriostatically on a staphyloc ...	1982	6820590
amphotericin b tolerance: a characteristic of candida parapsilosis not shared by other candida species.	thirty yeast isolates from clinical specimens were tested for their susceptibility to amphotericin b at 30 c, 37 c, and 39 c. of the six candida albicans, five candida tropicalis, one candida guilliermondii, one candida krusei, one candida pseudotropicalis, two torulopsis glabrata, and four cryptococcus neoformans isolates tested, all were inhibited at amphotericin b concentrations of less than or equal to 0.4 micrograms/ml and killed by concentrations of amphotericin b that were less than or eq ...	1983	6822746
inhibition of complement-dependent phagocytosis by monocytes following pre-incubation with immune complexes and interaction with plasma.	normal monocytes have been pre-incubated with soluble immune complexes (ic) (bsa-anti-bsa) or heat-aggregated human igg (ahg) (ics) at pathophysiological concentrations. if these 'ic-monocytes' are allowed to interact with plasma they show reduced phagocytosis of candida guilliermondii targets. under the pre-incubation conditions used, 2% of offered ics remain cell associated and their binding to monocytes is energy-independent and complement-independent. at these low concentrations of ics, only ...	1983	6831773
comparison of the effects of filtration leucapheresis and discontinuous flow centrifugation leucapheresis on granulocyte microbicidal function.	in an investigation of the in vitro phagocytic and microbicidal function of granulocytes collected by filtration leucapheresis (fl) from 18 donors and by discontinuous flow centrifugation leucapheresis (dfc) from six donors, comparison was made with the function of granulocytes obtained from the same donors by venepuncture and density gradient centrifugation over ficoll-isopaque (fi). no significant impairment of the phagocytosis or killing of candida guilliermondii by either fl- or dfc-granuloc ...	1983	6841650
[purification and properties of gtp-cyclohydrolase of the yeast pichia guilliermondii].	gtp-cyclohydrolase was isolated from the fe-deficient cells of pichia guilliermondii and purified 440-fold by treatment of extracts with streptomycin sulfate as well as by protein fractionation with (nh4)2so4 at 25-45% saturation, gel filtration through sephadex g-200 and deae-cellulose chromatography. the curves for the dependence of specific activity of gtp-cyclohydrolase on substrate and cofactor concentrations are non-hyperbolic; the values of [s]0.5 for gtp and mg2+ are 2.2 x 10(-5) and 2 x ...	1983	6871289
[comparative study of the radioprotective effectiveness of sulfur-containing radioprotective agents in experiments on saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia guilliermondii].		1980	6996030
[cytochrome p-450 content in yeast cells during growth on hexadecane].	the content of cytochrome p-450 was studied in the cells of alkane oxidizing yeasts candida guilliermondii, c. tropicalis and c. lipolytica. the cells of all the studied yeast strains growing on hexadecane were found to contain cytochrome p-450. the cytochrome was not detected when the yeast strains grew on glucose. the concentration of cytochrome p-450 remained constant at the exponential growth phase, but decreased at the beginning of the stationary growth phase. cytochrome p-450 was shown to ...	1980	6997703
riboflavin accumulation by cells of the yeast pichia (candida) guilliermondii.		1980	6999753
in vitro susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine and nystatin of common clinical yeast isolates.	the sensitivity to nystatin, 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc) or both was studied for 131 clinical isolates of candida albicans, 47 of candida parapsilosis, 34 of candida tropicalis, 7 of candida guilliermondii, 28 of torulopsis glabrata and 1 of torulopsis candida. all strains were inhibited by concentrations of nystatin within the usual range of sensitivity except one strain of t. glabrata and another of t. candida whose minima inhibitory concentrations (mics) were respectively 250 u/ml and greater tha ...	1981	7012631
[cell electrophoretical characterization of the surface of candida guilliermondii].	the electrical properties of the outer layer of the cell wall of a hydrocarbon-grown yeast c. guilliermondii were studied in detail by cell electrophoresis. some experiments were also made with the yeast s. cerevisiae. the mobilities of the yeasts were measured as a function of ph at ph 2-11.5 and constant ionic strength i = 0.02 mol/l. for identification of surface groups the ph-mobility curves are used to calculate pk-values. the results indicate the presence of amino and carboxyl groups on th ...	1980	7013285
[increase in yeast and bacterial sensitivity to inhibitors and riboflavin as affected by high sulfate and phosphate concentrations].	cultivation of the yeast pichia guilliermondii in a medium with a high content of sulfate or phosphate ions (0.6 m and higher) increased its susceptibility to actinomycin d and 7-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl 10-(1'-d-ribityl)isoalloxazin, and analog of riboflavin, and decreased the requirement of the riboflavin-dependent mutant p7 in exogenous vitamin b2. the protoplasts of the yeast were also very susceptible to actinomycin d when they were incubated in a medium with a high sulfate concentration. s ...	1981	7017354
[fungal infections in urologic diseases with special reference to mixed bacterial infection].	a report is given on the mycological examination of urine from 146 urological patients. the possible influence of a mixed infection with bacteria on the growth of blastomyces is discussed. whereas in the organism bacteria and blastomyces can exist well in conjunction, especially gram-negative bacteria in a culture medium can inhibit the growth of blastomyces. the result would be wrongly negative culture results. in our tests mixed infections of candida albicans and/or candida guilliermondii with ...	1982	7048800
[biosynthesis of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine in yeast extracts of pichia guilliermondii].	the effects of some hexoses, pentoses, their phosphoric esters, ribitol and pyruvate on the synthesis of 6.7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine in extracts of prototrophic strain and riboflavin-deficient mutants of the yeast pichia guilliermondii atcc 9058 were studied. incubation of dialyzed cell extracts of the mutant strain rg123 (rib7, his-) with blocked riboflavin syntase in the presence of 2.5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-ribosylaminopyrimidine-5'-phosphate, nadph and ribose-5-phosphate results in producti ...	1982	7115806
performance of yeast identification systems. an analysis of the college of american pathologists special mycology survey data.	the performance of approximately 400 participants in the cap special mycology survey in identifying 15 medically important yeasts was analyzed. with nine strains, users of the api 20c system and uni-yeast-tek (uyt) systems performed comparably. with two strains (trichosporon cutaneum and candida guilliermondii) the uyt users performed significantly better than api users; with four strains (cryptococcus albidus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and two strains of candida tropicalis), api users significa ...	1982	7137107
[effect of serotonin of the survival of candida guilliermondii cells irradiated by short-wave ultraviolet light].		1982	7142566
[effect of riboflavin analogs on pichia guilliermondii growth].	the work was aimed at studying the biological activity of 32 structural riboflavin (rf) analogs substituted at positions 7, 8 and 10 as well as with a modified structure of the isoalloxazine cycle and the side d-ribityl chain. an rf-dependent mutant of the yeast pichia guilliermondii ms1 was used as a test organism. the strain could grow in a medium without the vitamin in the presence of 2-thio-rf and analogs with esterified hydroxyls in the side chain, viz. tetraacetate and tetrabutyrate of rf. ...	1982	7144611
[aromatic hydrocarbons as enzyme inducers of cleavage of the aromatic ring in candida guilliermondii].	monocyclic and dicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, toluene and 2-methylnaphthalene, can induce pyrocatechate-1,2-oxygenase in candida guilliermondii bkm y-916 cells. the enzyme is active at ph 7.0. the culture oxidizes toluene via benzoic acid by ortho-cleavage. the results indicate that candida as an ecologo-trophic group of microorganisms can be involved, along with bacteria, in biodegradation of various aromatic hydrocarbons.	1982	7155001
[arthrobacter globiformis - a new yeast-lysing bacterium].	a bacterium capable to lyse viable yeast cells was isolated from compost enriched with baker's yeast cells and was identified as arthrobacter globiformis. the yeast lytic enzyme complex produced by shaking culture was precipitated with ammonium sulfate, dialyzed and lyophilized. the crude residue contained beta-glucanase and alpha-mannanase, yet not chitinase. optimale carbon sources in the culture medium for a high enzyme synthesis were 0.5% beta-glucan for the production of beta-glucanase, res ...	1982	7157841
[use of a candida guilliermondii allergen for diagnostic purposes].		1982	7170743
[conditions and dynamics of citrate, isocitrate and polyol excretion in yeast growth on glucose].	the dynamics of metabolite excretions by candida guilliermondii, candida zeylanoides and torulopsis candida was studied during their batch cultivation in media with glucose excess and low concentrations of n, p or s sources; the latter were the growth limiting factors and determined the transition to phase of retardation and the stationary phase of growth. growth limitation with the above components in the presence of a carbon source results in the following: (a) the growth becomes linear and th ...	1981	7198180
[effect of iron, actinomycin d and cycloheximide on the gtp-cyclohydrolase synthesis in flavinogenic yeasts].	the effect of fe on the gtp-cyclohydrolase activity of the yeasts pichia guilliermondii atcc 9058 and torulopsis candida bkm 13 whose flavinogenesis is controlled by fe was investigated. the gtp-cyclohydrolase activity of yeast cells grown in an iron-deficient medium was 40-50 times that of the cells grown in an iron-rich medium. in the latter case the incubation of cells with alpha, alpha'-dipyridyl or 8-oxyquinoline also increased the enzyme activity. cycloheximide prevented the rise in the cy ...	1982	7199939
[intrinsic luminescence of pichia guilliermondii in the growth process].	intrinsic luminescence of pichia guilliermondii cells was registered during the whole cycle of their growth on the solid medium using a device for measuring superweak luminescence equipped with a photomultiplier sensitive in the uv region (quantum yield about 25%), provided the temperature of the object and that of pm were equal.	1980	7207255
[detection of phosphorylated pyrimidine precursors of riboflavin in yeasts].	the nature of products formed from gtp in the presence of nadph under effects of dialyzed extracts of the prototrophic strain of pichia guilliermondii atcc 9058 and mutants rib2 and rib3 with blocked second and third steps of flavinogenesis, respectively, was studied. the unstable pyrimidine intermediates were identified on the basis of the nature of pteridines formed upon condensation of riboflavin precursors with diacetyl. it was shown that under the action of extracts of the mutants rib3 gtp ...	1980	7213861
involvement of near-uv-induced synthesis of serotonin in photoprotection and in potentiation of far-uv lethality in the yeast candida guilliermondii.		1981	7280040
a survey of fungi and some indicator bacteria in chlorinated water of indoor public swimming pools.	fifty-four water samples, of volume 500 ml, originating from six public indoor fresh water swimming pools were examined for the presence of fungi and some indicator bacteria by a membrane-filter method. sabouraud-dextrose agar and selective candida albicans-medium were used for isolation and identification of fungi. in all but one of the samples the free chlorine content was above 0.40 mg/l. no candida albicans were detected. molds and unidentified yeasts were isolated from 29 of the samples. th ...	1981	7304014
[riboflavin transport in mutant of pichia guilliermondii yeast with damaged glucose uptake].	the mutant of p. guilliermondii yeast ms-50 which had lost the ability to grow in a glucose-containing medium but not in the presence of sucrose or maltose was selected. the mutant has a damaged glucose uptake from the medium. the riboflavin permease activity of the ms1-50 mutant is not impaired; glucose inhibits the riboflavin uptake by this strain. thus, riboflavin permease does not promote glucose transport into yeast cells.	1981	7306594
biosynthesis of riboflavin. characterization of the product of the deaminase.	the 2'5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4(3h)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate deaminase was partially purified from cell extracts of candida guilliermondii atcc 9058. the enzyme requires mg2+ for activity. maximal activity was observed at ph 7,3. the enzyme converts its substrate, 2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4(3h)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate, to 2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1h,3h)-pyrimidinedione 5'-phosphate. this labile compound was treated with diacetyl and the resulting 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine 5'-pho ...	1981	7317443
[activity of the enzyme of the 2d step of flavinogenesis, 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-ribosylaminopyrimidine-5'-phosphate reductase, in pichia guilliermondii yeasts].	the activity of 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-ribosylaminopyrimidine-5'-phosphate reductase, an enzyme of the second step of flavinogenesis, was studied in the yeast pichia guilliermondii using a new fluorimetric technique. the activity of the enzyme was found in extracts of the wild-type strain and the genotype rib mutants but not in extracts of the fm 1-4 (rib 2) mutant. interallelic complementation was revealed in the gene rib 2. the activity of the enzyme was identical in extracts of the cells gro ...	1981	7329350
bovine porphyria caused by candida guilliermondii infection.		1981	7342738
biosynthesis of riboflavin in vitro. isotopic incorporation studies in pichia guilliermondii extracts.	in the riboflavin-deficient mutant rib3 and in wild-type cells of p. guilliermondii, gtp is transformed into 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-ribitylaminopyrimidine and riboflavin, respectively. we were able to demonstrate the partial in vitro synthesis of these compounds, including a reductive conversion step of the product of gtp cyclohydrolase ii action upon labelled [14c]gtp. in order to analyse the pyrimidine derivatives formed, 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribitylpterin and riboflavin were synthesized by additio ...	1980	7357033
[production and genetic analysis of pichia guilliermondii wicherham mutants that do not assimilate hexadecane].		1980	7382863
[assimilation of n-alkanes with a varying length of the carbon chain by the yeast candida guilliermondii].	using radioactive tracers, the effect of n-alkanes with a varying length--c16-c25--of the carbon chain on the rate of yeast growth and the ratio of major chemicals in their biomass was studied. the change in the level of n-alkanes accumulated by the yeast during carbon starvation was determined. no differences in the rate of metabolization of 1-14c-octadecane, 1,2-3h-hexadecane, and 13-14c-pentacosane were found. during 3 hour incubation the cell losses of c25, c18 and c16 amounted to 35.0, 33.0 ...	1980	7384005
[role of endogenous substances in creating a background of increased radioresistance. 14. possible photoprotective mechanisms of pichia guilliermondii yeast cells against the effects of ionizing radiation].		1980	7403459
combined effect of amphotericin b and rifampin on candida species.	synergism with the combination of rifampin and amphotericin b in vitro has been demonstrated with a limited number of candida strains. to extend these studies (particularly at clinically achievable levels of rifampin), we evaluated the in vitro combined activity of serial twofold dilutions of amphotericin b (0.1 to 6.0 microgram/ml) against 11 concentrations of rifampin (0.2 to 200 microgram/ml) for 40 strains of candida: 20 candida albicans, 7 candida parapsilosis, 8 candida tropicalis, 2 candi ...	1980	7425608
a new neutrophil candida killing test: chromium-51 release from candida guilliermondii.	neutrophil candidacidal function was measured by a chromium-51 (51cr) release technique, using candida guilliermondii as the test organism. the effect of varying the neutrophil:candida ratio, the time course of 51cr release, the effect of different serum concentrations, and the reproducibility of the technique were investigated. results from 33 experiments, using neutrophils from 35 normal donors and six patients with known neutrophil defects, show the technique to be a reliable and reproducible ...	1980	7430387
[overproduction of riboflavin in mutants of pichia guilliermondii yeasts resistant to 7-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl-10-(1'-d-ribityl)isoalloxazine].	mutants resistant to 7-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl-10-(1'-d-ribityl)isoalloxazine were selected from the yeast pichia guilliermondii, strain ms14-a10, possessing a multiple sensitivity to antibiotics and antimetabolites. a lot of such mutants displayed an elevated flavinogenic activity. the investigation of the properties of three mutants with the highest flavinogenic activity, viz. rz4, rz7 and rz11, has shown that their capability for riboflavin overproduction does not stem from disordered regula ...	1980	7442566
identification of candida species by pcr and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of intergenic spacer regions of ribosomal dna.	the pcr was used to amplify a targeted region of the ribosomal dna from 84 candida isolates. unique product sizes were obtained for candida guilliermondii, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, and candida pseudotropicalis. isolates of candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida stellatoidea, candida parapsilosis, and candida krusei could be identified following restriction digestion of the pcr products.	1995	7494052
nadh dehydrogenase subunit genes in the mitochondrial dna of yeasts.	the genes encoding the nadh dehydrogenase subunits of respiratory complex i have not been identified so far in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of yeasts. in the linear mtdna of candida parapsilosis, we found six new open reading frames whose sequences were unambiguously homologous to those of the genes known to code for nadh dehydrogenase subunit proteins of different organisms, i.e., nd1, nd2, nd3, nd4l, nd5, and nd6. the gene for nd4 also appears to be present, as judged from hybridization exper ...	1994	7521869
catabolite repression of induction of aldose reductase activity and utilization of mixed hemicellulosic sugars in candida guilliermondii.	nadph-dependent aldose reductase activity induced by d-xylose or l-arabinose was detected in cell-free extracts of candida guilliermondii, but only negligible activities were observed if d-glucose served as carbon source. the induction of aldose reductase activity on mixed sugars was investigated under resting cell conditions. d-glucose repressed enzyme induction by d-xylose or l-arabinose to varying degrees, and l-arabinose inhibited enzyme induction by d-xylose. during incubation in a mixture ...	1995	7549770
auxacolor, a new commercial system for yeast identification: evaluation of 182 strains comparatively with id 32c.	the incidence of deep candidiasis, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and the emergence of less sensitive yeast species to new antifungal agents explain the interest of their rapid identification. a new identification system, auxacolor (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), has been evaluated, comparatively to id 32c strip taken in reference (biomérieux sa). these systems include respectively 13 and 29 carbohydrate assimilation tests. one hundred and sixty-nine strains belonging to 17 common yea ...	1995	7574109
effect of acetic acid on xylose fermentation to xylitol by candida guilliermondii.	the effect of acetic acid concentration on xylose-fermentation to xylitol by candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was evaluated in semisynthetic medium containing different concentrations of the acid. increasing acetic acid concentration up to 1.0 g/l favored xylitol yield and productivity, with maximum values of 0.82 g/g and 0.57 g/l.h, respectively. the presence of acetic acid reduced cell production at all concentration. furthermore, acetic acid was assimilated by the yeast together with the suga ...	1995	7608864
hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulphatase production by different species of candida.	the production of hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulphatase by candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida guilliermondii and candida krusei was investigated using a complex culture medium (sabouraud glucose agar) and a chemically defined medium. among the 63 c. albicans isolates tested, 61 (97.8%) were found to be hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulphatase producers; one isolate produced only chondroitin sulphatase and one other was unable to produce either enzyme. the seco ...	1995	7650575
transgalactosylation catalyzed by alpha-galactosidase from candida guilliermondii h-404.	the thermostable alpha-galactosidase from candida guilliermondii h-404 synthesized self-transfer products in the absence of a suitable acceptor. the main self-transfer product, using melibiose as a donor substrate, was o-alpha-d-galactosyl-(1,6)-o-alpha-d-galactosyl-(1,6)-d-glucose. this enzyme had a wide acceptor specificity. d-glucose, d-galactose, maltose, maltitol, and 1,4-butandiol were the most effective acceptors in the transgalactosylation catalyzed by this enzyme. the enzyme could also ...	1995	7772826
biocontrol of mold growth in high-moisture wheat stored under airtight conditions by pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae.	pichia anomala inhibits the growth of penicillium roqueforti and aspergillus candidus on agar. in this investigation, antagonistic activity on agar against 17 mold species was determined. the abilities of pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibit the growth of the mold penicillium roqueforti in nonsterile high-moisture wheat were compared by adding 10(3) penicillium roqueforti spores and different amounts of yeast cells per gram of wheat. inoculated grain was ...	1995	7793907
transfer rna profiling: a new method for the identification of pathogenic candida species.	a new molecular taxonomic method applicable to the identification of medically important candida species and other yeast species has been developed. it is based on the electrophoretic pattern of total trna samples (a 'trna profile') isolated from candida species and generated using high-resolution semi-denaturing urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and methylene blue staining. species-specific trna profiles for the species c. albicans, c. tropicalis, c. parapsilosis, c. guilliermondii, c. gl ...	1994	7941747
in vitro infection of human fetal membranes with candida species.	to assess whether candida species can penetrate intact fetal membranes under in vitro conditions, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida guilliermondii, candida pseudotropicalis and candida glabrata were inoculated onto the surface of the maternal side of the membranes obtained from 4 pregnant women undergoing repeat cesarean section. after incubation under culture conditions, membranes were evaluated by histological examination. c. albicans inoculated onto the maternal side penetrated an ...	1994	8005544
evaluation of two commercialized systems for the rapid identification of medically important yeasts.	a total of 77 recent clinical isolates of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts were identified by two different commercial tests, rapidec albicans (api-biomérieux) and fongiscreen 4h (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), and conventional mycological methods. the strains were from 13 different species of yeasts and consisted of strains of 36 c. albicans, three of candida famata, nine of candida (torulopsis) glabrata, five of candida guilliermondii, two of candida kefyr, three of candida ...	1993	8015561
rapid presumptive identification of medically relevant yeasts to the species level by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis.	a method for the rapid presumptive differentiation of a panel of 12 clinically relevant yeasts to the species level was developed on the basis of evaluation by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of the gene coding for the small ribosomal subunit 18s-rrna. the method involved restriction enzyme analysis of pcr products obtained with primers common to all fungi. using six restriction enzymes, alui, bani, bbsi, draii, eco147i and nhei, characteristic pcr-restriction enzyme patterns were obtained f ...	1994	8064542
changes in the spectrum of fungal isolates: results from clinical specimens gathered in 1987/88 compared with those in 1991/92 in the university hospital göttingen, germany.	in the university hospital in göttingen, the spectra of fungal species in clinical specimens of respiratory secretions, bronchial secretions and urine were compared over periods of 15 months (10/87 to 12/88 and 1/91 to 3/92) before and after the introduction of fluconazole. the following changes could be demonstrated: 1. in all specimens analysed the number of candida albicans isolates decreased, while the number of candida tropicalis isolates remained almost unchanged. 2. during the observation ...	1993	8114803
structural study of a cell-wall mannan of saccharomyces kluyveri ifo 1685 strain. presence of a branched side chain and beta-1,2-linkage.	acetolysis of the cell-wall mannan of saccharomyces kluyveri under mild conditions, gave fragments with 1-6 mannose residues. the structures of mannopentaose and mannohexaose were determined to be [formula; see text] respectively, by two-dimensional homonuclear hartmann-hahn spectroscopy and a sequential nmr assignment method that combines 1h-13c correlated spectroscopy, relayed coherence transfer spectroscopy, 1h-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity and methylation analysis. the h1 ...	1993	8223546
alcohol dehydrogenase (adh2) from a mutant strain of candida guilliermondii a80-03: purification and characterization.	alcohol dehydrogenase adh2 was purified twice from candida guilliermondii strain a80-03, by ion exchange column chromatography on deae-toyopearl 650m. the enzyme was a dimer of m(r) 98,500. adh2 had a broad substrate specificity, oxidizing secondary alcohols as well as primary alcohols. the enzyme was sensitive to several inhibitors, such as metal chelators and thiol reagents. kinetic studies suggested that adh2 oxidized ethanol by an iso ordered sequential mechanism.	1993	8349092
[cloning of the rib7 gene encoding the riboflavin synthase of the yeast pichia guilliermondii].	the rib7 gene encoding the enzyme of the final stage of riboflavin biosynthesis in pichia guilliermondii--riboflavin synthase was cloned on the pfl38 shuttle vector as the sau3a fragment of the chromosomal dna of about 4 kb. the hindiii fragment of 1.4 kb was subcloned from the hybrid plasmid pfr7 obtained onto the puc18 plasmid. the plasmid pr7 thus constructed transform escherichia coli ribb-45 mutant cells with a blocked riboflavin synthase approximately at the same frequency as pfr7. high ri ...	1993	8370504
effect of peritoneal dialysis effluent on superoxide anion production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils.	peritoneal dialysis effluent (pde) contains at least 2 factors capable of affecting superoxide generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) in response to both particulate and soluble stimuli. a low molecular weight fraction (< 1.2 kd) enhanced the response to the chemotactic peptide fmlp and to preopsonised staphylococcus epidermidis and candida guilliermondii. a higher molecular weight fraction (> 1.2 kd) inhibited superoxide production in response to phorbol myristate acetate (pma). the ...	1993	8393533
[characteristics of lipids of microbial origin with regard to triglyceride composition and comparison of them to plant oils].	the triacylglycerol composition of lipids isolated from the yeasts candida guilliermondii and c. humicola and of food vegetable oils was investigated by hplc. the triacylglycerol composition of samples was compared using the program "nearest neighbour" and by plotting images with the help of the software package statgraphics. the methods used allow us to conclude that microbial lipids are rather promising.	1993	8475018
characterization of two monoclonal antibodies against secretory proteinase of candida tropicalis dsm 4238.	two murine igm monoclonal antibodies (mab; mt1 and mt2), which were produced against the secretory aspartic proteinase of candida tropicalis dsm 4238, are described. both antibodies reacted with the native and denatured conformations of the homologous proteinase antigen but showed different patterns of reactivity with other related proteinases (candida albicans cbs 2730, serotype a; c. albicans atcc 48867, serotype b; candida parapsilosis dsm 4237) and with porcine pepsin. neither of the antibod ...	1993	8483055
sugar uptake and involved enzymatic activities by yeasts and lactic acid bacteria: their relationship with breadmaking quality.	the uptake kinetics of sugars present in wheat doughs and alpha-glucosidase as well as beta-fructosidase activities were determined in different strains of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. these strains were previously selected according to their breadmaking quality. saccharomyces cerevisiae (p6), candida guilliermondii (p40), lactobacillus plantarum (b31 and la18) and l. brevis (b21) showed good performance, while sacch. fructuum (p43), l. cellobiosus (b37) and enterococcus faecium (b11) yielde ...	1993	8494688
[stimulatory effect of serotonin on the growth of the yeast candida guilliermondii and the bacterium streptococcus faecalis].	periodic addition of serotonin into a cultivation medium during growing of the yeast candida guilliermondii and the bacterium streptococcus faecalis exerts stimulatory influence on the growth of the cultures. the effect manifests itself in activating cell reproduction in the lag-phase, accelerating exponential growth of the cultures and their quicker reaching the stationary phase. the stimulatory effect of serotonin is optimal if serotonin is added to the growth medium at concentrations up to 10 ...	1993	8505913
molecular cloning of the gtp-cyclohydrolase structural gene rib1 of pichia guilliermondii involved in riboflavin biosynthesis.	the structural gene of gtp-cyclohydrolase, involved in riboflavin biosynthesis, was cloned from a pichia guilliermondii genomic library. a 1855 bp genomic dna fragment complementing the riboflavin auxotrophies of an escherichia coli riba mutant, defective in gtp-cyclohydrolase ii, and a p. guilliermondii rib1 mutant was isolated and sequenced. an open reading frame with the potential to encode a protein of 344 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 38,711 da was detected. the p. guillier ...	1995	8533469
yeast succession in the amazon fruit parahancornia amapa as resource partitioning among drosophila spp.	the succession of yeasts colonizing the fallen ripe amapa fruit, from parahancornia amapa, was examined. the occupation of the substrate depended on both the competitive interactions of yeast species, such as the production of killer toxins, and the selective dispersion by the drosophilid guild of the amapa fruit. the yeast community associated with this amazon fruit differed from those isolated from other fruits in the same forest. the physiological profile of these yeasts was mostly restricted ...	1995	8534092
ascomycetous yeast communities of marine invertebrates in a southeast brazilian mangrove ecosystem.	the ascomycetous yeast communities associated with 3 bivalve mollusk, and 4 crab species were studied in the mangrove at coroa grande on sepetiba bay in rio de janeiro, brazil. these were made up mostly of diverse but sparse and apparently allochtonous yeast populations. the striking exception was a prevalent population of the species kluyveromyces aestuarii, which predominated the yeast communities of 2 detritus feeding crabs, sesarma rectum and uca spp., and the shipworm neoteredo reynei. howe ...	1995	8546456
comparative evaluation of macrodilution and alamar colorimetric microdilution broth methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast isolates.	a comparative evaluation of the macrodilution method and the alamar colorimetric method for the susceptibility testing of amphotericin b, fluconazole, and flucytosine was conducted with 134 pathogenic yeasts. the clinical isolates included 28 candida albicans, 17 candida tropicalis, 15 candida parapsilosis, 12 candida krusei, 10 candida lusitaniae, 9 candida guilliermondii, 18 torulopsis glabrata, and 25 cryptococcus neoformans isolates. the macrodilution method was performed and interpreted acc ...	1995	8567901
molecular probes for diagnosis of fungal infections.	we have developed 21 specific nucleic acid probes which target the large subunit rrna genes from aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus glaucus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, blastomyces dermatitidis, candida albicans, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida kefyr, candida krusei, candida lusitaniae, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans, filobas ...	1995	8576345
[ferrireductase from pichia guilliermondii: properties and regulation of activity and synthesis].	properties of pichia guilliermondii ferrireductase of the crude extracts and ammonium sulfate preparations were studied. nadh and cu (ii) ions are necessary for ferrireductase activity. mg (ii) also stimulates this reaction while oxygen acts as a slight inhibitor. ferrireductase reduces fe (iii) in complex with citrate, iron-binding peptide from the culture medium of p. guilliermondii, rhodotorulic acid, coprogen, desferrioxamine b and edta. mutants rib80, rib81 and hit of pichia guilliermondii ...	1995	8588251
the effect of sodium hypochlorite on potential pathogenic traits of candida albicans and other candida species.	strains of candida albicans, candida krusei, candida kefyr, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis and candida guilliermondii were grown in the presence or absence of concentrations of sodium hypochlorite below the minimal inhibitory concentration and tested for a range of characteristics that may be associated with pathogenicity. sodium hypochlorite is used routinely in hospitals in australia for disinfection procedures, and these experiments were designed to assess the efficacy of hypochlori ...	1995	8602340
existence of novel branched side chains containing beta-1,2 and alpha-1,6 linkages corresponding to antigenic factor 9 in the mannan of candida guilliermondii.	isolation of beta-linkage-containing side chain oligosaccharides from the mannan of candida guilliermondii ifo 10279 strain has been conducted by acetolysis under mild conditions. a structural study of these oligosaccharides by one- and two-dimensional nmr and methylation analyses indicated the presence of extended oligosaccharide side chains with two consecutive beta-1,2-linked mannose units at the nonreducing terminal of alpha-linked oligosaccharides. the linkage sequence present in this manna ...	1996	8621586
[protective and reactive effect of a cellular extract from propionic acid bacteria on candida guilliermondii and escherichia coli, inactivated by ultraviolet radiation].	dialyzed soluble proteins of propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii cell extract (dialyzate) were found to exert a protective and reactivating effect on candida guilliermondii and escherichia coli cells inactivated by uv light of c and b ranges. reactivation occurred when dialyzate was added to irradiated bacterial suspensions immediately after irradiation or 15 min afterwards. some common features of dialyzate effect on irradiated prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells were established. no ...	1995	8643036
aspects of the cell growth of candida guilliermondii in sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate.	in this work the behavior of the growth of candida guilliermondii fti 20037 in sugar cane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate on various oxygen transfer rates was investigated. the yeast was able to grow and produced xylitol at different performance levels. at 1.0 vvm (volume of air per volume of medium per minute) the highest growth with 24.4 g/l was observed, but no xylitol was produced. at aeration rate of 0.5 vvm the growth was lower, but therefore slight amounts of xylitol (xylitol yield fac ...	1996	8663902
effect of culture conditions on xylitol production by candida guilliermondii fti 20037.		1996	8669909
[fungi and yeasts isolated in mycological studies in skin and nail infections in the netherlands, 1992-1993].	to describe fungi and yeasts isolated from skin and nail infections in the netherlands.	1996	8684495
ability of rapid yeast plus system to identify 304 clinically significant yeasts within 5 hours.	the rapid yeast plus system (innovative diagnostic systems, norcross, ga.) is a qualitative micromethod that uses conventional and chromogenic substrates for the identification of medically important yeasts. the ability of the rapid yeast plus system to accurately identify 304 clinical yeast isolates within 5 h was evaluated. the rapid yeast plus method correctly identified 286 (94.1%) of strains to the species level without the need for additional tests. a further 12 strains (3.9%) were classif ...	1996	8727877
invasive candida guilliermondii infection: in vitro susceptibility studies and molecular analysis.	candida guilliermondii is rarely isolated from humans. we describe a case of disseminated c. guilliermondii with associated purulent pericarditis, despite high-dose amphotericin b (amb), in a 19-year-old female with aplastic anemia who underwent bmt. in vitro susceptibility studies of the 13 clinical isolates, two control strains and one environmental isolate revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) range of (0.19-1.56 micrograms/ml) for amb and (1.25-10 micrograms/ml) for fluconazole. ...	1995	8750282
assessment of viability of yeast by flow cytometry using light green as vital dye exclusion.	a comparative study of two different staining methods for estimation of yeast's viability is assessed by microbial flow cytometry. propidium iodide (pi) a well known nucleic-acid binding vital dye exclusion is compared with light green (lg), a cytoplasmic function related vital dye widely used in histological, histochemical and immunocytochemical staining. the yeast model used was heat-killed candida guilliermondii cells. the stained heat-killed bacterial population showed on the dot-plot flow c ...	1996	8783902
evaluation of a commercial medium for identification of candida species.	chromagar candida (chromagar, france) was evaluated as a medium for the presumptive identification and isolation of yeasts using 1,537 isolates of medically important yeasts, including 970 candida albicans, 165 candida parapsilosis, 131 candida glabrata, 62 candida guilliermondii, 35 candida krusei, 32 candida tropicalis, 31 rhodotorula rubra, 23 trichosporon spp. (17 trichosporon beigelii), 17 candida famata, 16 candida pelliculosa, 10 pichia etchelsii, 10 saccharomyces cerevisiae, 8 candida lu ...	1996	8801088
the role of membrane-bound porphyrin-type compound as endogenous sensitizer in photodynamic damage to yeast plasma membranes.	the effect of visible light (400-600 nm) on candida guilliermondii and saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied, and irradiation fluences killing the yeast cells without exogenous sensitizers were determined. the lethal effects are strongly oxygen-dependent, suggesting the involvement of photodynamic reactions mediated by endogenous sensitizer(s). repair-deficient strains of s. cerevisiae show the same photosensitivity as the wild-type strain indicating that visible light does not photosensitize rep ...	1996	8810531
a new method of antibiotyping yeasts for subspecies discrimination and distribution in human clinical specimens.	a study of the antibiotypes of 764 isolates of the genera candida and torulopsis from different clinical specimens is reported. the typing method was based on the susceptibility results obtained by the standardized and partially automated kit atb-fungus (api-biomérieux), giving to each strain a code of six figures, according to these criteria: susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin b, nystatin, miconazole, econazole, and ketoconazole. candida albicans serotypes were determined by the c ...	1996	8817179
involvement of carnitine acyltransferases in peroxisomal fatty acid metabolism by the yeast pichia guilliermondii.	this article provides information about peroxisomal fatty acid metabolism in the yeast pichia guilliermondii. the existence of inducible mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase and peroxisomal carnitine octanoyl-transferase activities was demonstrated after culture of this yeast in a medium containing methyl oleate. the subcellular sites and induction patterns were studied. the inhibition of carnitine octanoyl- and palmitoyl-transferases by chlorpromazine to a large extent prevented the oth ...	1996	8837442
radiosensitivity of haplont yeast cells irradiated with sparsely and densely ionizing radiations.	five haploid and three diploid yeast strains of various species (yarrowia lipolytica, pichia pinus and pichia guilliermondii) were irradiated with alpha-particles from 239pu and gamma-rays from 137cs or 60co in the stationary phase of growth. a common feature of these species is that they exhibit a haploid state as a normal vegetative state in natural conditions. it was shown that the transition from the haploid to the diploid state is not accompanied by increased radioresistance, and diploid st ...	1996	8876681
phylogenetic relationships among members of the ascomycetous yeast genera brettanomyces, debaryomyces, dekkera, and kluyveromyces deduced by small-subunit rrna gene sequences.	a molecular systematic investigation of members of the ascomycetous yeast genera brettanomyces, debaryomyces, dekkera, and kluyveromyces was performed by using 18s rrna gene sequence analysis. our comparative sequence analysis revealed that brettanomyces anomalus and brettanomyces bruxellensis were closely related to one another and also to their teleomorphs, dekkera anomala and dekkera bruxellensis, respectively. together with dekkera custersiana and dekkera naardenensis, these four species for ...	1996	8934908
analysis of the risk factors associated with the emergence of azole resistant oral candidosis in the course of hiv infection.	the objective of this case-control study, conducted in a large italian university hospital over a 12-month period, was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the emergence of azole resistant oral candidosis in 64 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients. a swab was obtained from each patient by brushing candidal lesions. candida albicans was isolated in 41 patients (64%), candida glabrata in ten (16%), candida krusei in five (8%), candida kefyr in two (3%), candida tropicalis i ...	1996	8937963
structure and antigenicity of the mannans of candida famata and candida saitoana: comparative study with the mannan of candida guilliermondii.	the chemical structure of the mannans of antigenic factor 9-expressing yeast, candida famata and candida saitoana, was analyzed by acetolysis and nmr. the structural study of the oligosaccharides and mannans using one- and two-dimensional nmr indicated that the mannan of c. saitoana contains a third type of beta-1,2-linked mannose unit. on the other hand, the mannan of c. famata does not contain any beta-1,2-linked mannose units. the mannan of c. saitoana gave two groups of beta-1,2 linkage-cont ...	1996	8951034
effect of inoculum level of xylitol production from rice straw hemicellulose hydrolysate by candida guilliermondii.	the effect of inoculum level on xylitol production by candida guilliermondii was evaluated in a rice straw hemicellulose hydrolysate. high initial cell density did not show a positive effect in this bioconversion since increasing the initial cell density from 0.67 g l-1 to 2.41 g l-1 decreased both the rate of xylose utilization and xylitol accumulation. the maximum xylitol yield (0.71 g g-1) and volumetric productivity (0.56 g l-1 h-1) were reached with an inoculum level of 0.9 g l-1. these res ...	1996	8987492