Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| [validation study on a multi-residue analysis of pesticides in agricultural products by using phosphoric acid treatment and gc-ms/ms]. | a rapid method for multi-residue determination of pesticides in agricultural products was validated. the sample was cut into pieces and placed into a mixer cup containing half weight amount of 10% phosphoric acid in order to suppress degradation of easily degraded pesticides, represented by captan, and then homogenized. pesticides in the phosphoric acid-treated sample were extracted with acetonitrile using a homogenizer, followed by salting out with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and sodium chlorid ... | 2014 | 25212821 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of climacteric fruit of chinese pear (pyrus ussuriensis) reveals new insights into fruit ripening. | the fruit of pyrus ussuriensis is typically climacteric. during ripening, the fruits produce a large amount of ethylene, and their firmness drops rapidly. although the molecular basis of climacteric fruit ripening has been studied in depth, some aspects remain unclear. here, we compared the transcriptomes of pre- and post-climacteric fruits of chinese pear (p. ussuriensis c.v. nanguo) using rna-seq. in total, 3,279 unigenes were differentially expressed between the pre- and post-climacteric frui ... | 2014 | 25215597 |
| prediction of retrotransposons and assessment of genetic variability based on developed retrotransposon-based insertion polymorphism (rbip) markers in pyrus l. | interspecific hybridization has been considered the major mode of evolution in pyrus (pear), and thus, the genetic relationships within this genus have not been well documented. retrotransposons are ubiquitous components of plant genomes and 42.4 % of the pear genome was reported to be long terminal repeat (ltr) retrotransposons, implying that retrotransposons might be significant in the evolution of pyrus. in this study, 1,836 putative full-length ltr retrotransposons were isolated and 196 retr ... | 2015 | 25216935 |
| genetic, metabolite and developmental determinism of fruit friction discolouration in pear. | the unattractive appearance of the surface of pear fruit caused by the postharvest disorder friction discolouration (fd) is responsible for significant consumer dissatisfaction in markets, leading to lower returns to growers. developing an understanding of the genetic control of fd is essential to enable the full application of genomics-informed breeding for the development of new pear cultivars. biochemical constituents [phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid (asa)], polyphenol oxidase (ppo) acti ... | 2014 | 25224302 |
| specific and sensitive detection of venturia nashicola, the scab fungus of asian pears, by nested pcr. | the fungus venturia nashicola is the causal agent of scab on asian pears. for the rapid and reliable identification as well as sensitive detection of v. nashicola, a pcr-based technique was developed. dna fingerprints of three closely related species, v. nashicola, v. pirina, and v. inaequalis, were obtained by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. two rapd markers specific to v. nashicola were identified by pcr, after which two pairs of sequence characterized amplified region (scar) ... | 2013 | 25288964 |
| pear skin stain caused by mycosphaerella graminicola on niitaka pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). | pear skin stains on 'niitaka' pears, which occur from the growing stage to the cold storage stage, reportedly negatively influence the marketing of pears. these stains on fruit skin are likely due to a pathogenic fungus that resides on the skin and is characterized by dark stains; however, the mycelium of this fungus does not penetrate into the sarcocarp and is only present on the cuticle layer of fruit skin. a pathogenic fungus was isolated from the skin lesions of infected fruits, and its path ... | 2014 | 25289008 |
| histone modification and signalling cascade of the dormancy-associated mads-box gene, ppmads13-1, in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia) during endodormancy. | dormancy-associated mads-box (dam) genes play an important role in endodormancy phase transition. we investigated histone modification in the dam homolog (ppmads13-1) from japanese pear, via chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative pcr, to understand the mechanism behind the reduced expression of the ppmads13-1 gene towards endodormancy release. our results indicated that the reduction in the active histone mark by trimethylation of the histone h3 tail at lysine 4 contributed to the reduction ... | 2015 | 25311427 |
| effect of certain natural products and organic solvents on quorum sensing in chromobacterium violaceum. | to investigate the effect of seed extracts of pongamia pinnata, pyrus pyrifolia, and manilkara hexandra, bacterial pigment prodigiosin, and three organic solvents (ethanol, methanol, and dimethylsulfoxide), on quorum sensing (qs) in chromobacterium violaceum (c. violaceum). | 2014 | 25312122 |
| change in chemical constituents and free radical-scavenging activity during pear (pyrus pyrifolia) cultivar fruit development. | changes in chemical constituent contents and dpph radical-scavenging activity in fruits of pear (pyrus pyrifolia) cultivars during the development were investigated. the fruits of seven cultivars (cv. niitaka, chuhwangbae, wonhwang, hwangkeumbae, hwasan, manpungbae, and imamuraaki) were collected at 15-day intervals after day 20 of florescence. vitamins (ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol), arbutin, chlorogenic acid, malaxinic acid, total caffeic acid, total flavonoids, and total phenolics were the ... | 2015 | 25348501 |
| cloning and expression analysis of ppsut2 encoding a sucrose transporter in pear. | a 1794-bp cdna fragment was amplified from mrna isolated from pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai. cuiguan) leaves by using primers based on the sequences generated during the analysis of the pear transcriptome. the 597-amino acid sequence encoded by the cdna was compared with the sequences in genbank, and it was found to be similar to that of members of the sucrose-proton co-transporter family. the hydrophobic protein, which was predicted to have 11 transmembrane domains, was designated as ppsut2. real ... | 2014 | 25366784 |
| identification of the expressed protein and the impact of change in ascorbate peroxidase activity related to endodormancy breaking in pyrus pyrifolia. | endodormancy is an important feature of perennial deciduous fruit trees that survive in the extreme climates brought about by seasonal variation. to acquire a comprehensive knowledge of the biochemical processes occurring just before endodormancy breaking, the buds collected in the pre-breaking period (pp) phase were used as samples to identify the proteins related to the breaking of endodormancy in the japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). using nano-esi-lc-ms/ms analysis, 96 proteins were ove ... | 2015 | 25438144 |
| pear 14-3-3a gene (pp14-3-3a) is regulated during fruit ripening and senescense, and involved in response to salicylic acid and ethylene signalling. | 14-3-3 proteins play important roles in regulating plant development and phytohormone (abscisic acid, gibberellin and brassinosteroids) signalling. however, their regulation in fruit ripening and senescense, and response to salicylic acid and ethylene signalling are yet to be illustrated. one cdna encoding putative 14-3-3 protein was isolated from pear (pyrus pyrifolia) and designated pp14-3-3a. phylogenetic analysis clearly demonstrated that pp14-3-3a belonged to ε-like group of 14-3-3 superfam ... | 2014 | 25572233 |
| the role of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in programmed cell death associated with self-incompatibility. | successful sexual reproduction often relies on the ability of plants to recognize self- or genetically-related pollen and prevent pollen tube growth soon after germination in order to avoid self-fertilization. angiosperms have developed different reproductive barriers, one of the most extended being self-incompatibility (si). with si, pistils are able to reject self or genetically-related pollen thus promoting genetic variability. there are basically two distinct systems of si: gametophytic (gsi ... | 2015 | 25750430 |
| syntheses of natural 1,3-polyol/α-pyrone and its all stereoisomers to estimate antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi. | all stereoisomers of 1,3-polyol/α-pyrone 1-8 with more than 99% ee were synthesized to estimate the effect of stereochemistry on the antifungal activity. the absolute configuration of natural compound was determined as (6r,2's,4'r)-2. the eight stereoisomers showed the antifungal activity against plant pathogenic alternaria alternata japanese pear pathotype and colletotrichum lagenarium. the large difference of activity level was not observed between stereoisomers, showing 43-72% of growth ratio ... | 2015 | 25872981 |
| identification of qtls controlling harvest time and fruit skin color in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). | using an f1 population from a cross between japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) cultivars 'akiakari' and 'taihaku', we performed quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis of seven fruit traits (harvest time, fruit skin color, flesh firmness, fruit weight, acid content, total soluble solids content, and preharvest fruit drop). the constructed simple sequence repeat-based genetic linkage map of 'akiakari' consisted of 208 loci and spanned 799 cm; that of 'taihaku' consisted of 275 loci and spanned ... | 2014 | 25914590 |
| identification of a novel phylogenetic lineage of alternaria alternata causing citrus brown spot in china. | alternaria alternata sensu lato, casual agent of citrus brown spot, first identified in yunnan province in 2010 and subsequently found in zhejiang, hunan, guangdong provinces, chongqing municipality andguangxi autonomous region in china. during 2010-2012, 86 isolates were collected from diseased citrus, of which 85 % isolates were pathogenic to ponkan tangerine. phylogenetic analyses of chinese and worldwide isolates using partial sequences of an endopolygalacturonase gene (endopg) and combined ... | 2015 | 25937061 |
| development of flower buds in the japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia) from late autumn to early spring. | we periodically investigated the lateral flower bud morphology of 1-year shoots of 'kosui' pears (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) in terms of dormancy progression, using magnetic resonance imaging. the size of flower buds did not change significantly during endodormancy, but rapid enlargement took place at the end of the ecodormancy stage. to gain insight into the physiological status during this period, we analyzed gene expression related to cell cycle-, cell expansion- and water channel-related genes, ... | 2015 | 26063707 |
| genome-wide analysis of sorbitol dehydrogenase (sdh) genes and their differential expression in two sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia) fruits. | through rna-seq of a mixed fruit sample, fourteen expressed sorbitol dehydrogenase (sdh) genes have been identified from sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). comparative phylogenetic analysis of these ppysdhs with those from other plants supported the closest relationship of sand pear with chinese white pear (p. bretschneideri). the expression levels varied greatly among members, and the strongest six (ppysdh2, ppysdh4, ppysdh8, ppysdh12, ppysdh13 and ppysdh14) accounted for 96% of total transcrip ... | 2015 | 26068235 |
| s-genotype identification based on allele-specific pcr in japanese pear. | gametophytic self-incompatibility in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) is controlled by the single, multi-allelic s-locus. information about the s-genotypes is important for breeding and the selection of pollen donors for fruit production. rapid and reliable s-genotype identification system is necessary for efficient breeding of new cultivars in japanese pear. we designed s allele-specific pcr primer pairs for ten previously reported s-rnase alleles (s (1)-s (9) and s (k)) as simple and reli ... | 2015 | 26175617 |
| candidate resistant genes of sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) to alternaria alternata revealed by transcriptome sequencing. | pear black spot (pbs) disease, which is caused by alternaria alternata (aa), is one of the most serious diseases affecting sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) cultivation worldwide. to investigate the defense mechanisms of sand pear in response to aa, the transcriptome of a sand pear germplasm with differential resistance to aa was analyzed using illumina paired-end sequencing. four libraries derived from pbs-resistant and pbs-susceptible sand pear leaves were characterized through inoculation or ... | 2015 | 26292286 |
| specific and sensitive detection of the pear scab fungus venturia nashicola by sybr green real-time pcr. | a new improved pcr method has been developed for the rapid, reliable, and sensitive detection of venturia nashicola, a destructive pathogen of scab disease in japanese pear. the translation elongation factor-1 alpha gene-derived pcr primers specifically amplified a 257-bp-sized dna band of the target gene from the genomic dna of v. nashicola. no amplicon was produced from the genomic dna of other venturia spp. and reference fungal species tested. with the high detection limit of 10 fg dna conten ... | 2015 | 26370804 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of the less-dormant taiwanese pear and the dormant japanese pear during winter season. | the flower bud transcriptome in the less dormant taiwanese pear 'hengshanli' and high-chilling requiring japanese pear strain th3 subjected to the same chilling exposure time were analyzed during winter using next-generation sequencing. in buds sampled on january 10th and on february 7th in 2014, 6,978 and 7,096 genes, respectively, were significantly differentially expressed in the th3 and 'hengshanli' libraries. a comparative go analysis revealed that oxidation-reduction process (biological pr ... | 2015 | 26451604 |
| dormancy-associated mads-box genes and micrornas jointly control dormancy transition in pear (pyrus pyrifolia white pear group) flower bud. | bud dormancy in perennial plants is indispensable to survival over winter and to regrowth and development in the following year. however, the molecular pathways of endo-dormancy induction, maintenance, and release are still unclear, especially in fruit crops. to identify genes with roles in regulating endo-dormancy, 30 mikc(c)-type mads-box genes were identified in the pear genome and characterized. the 30 genes were analysed to determine their phylogenetic relationships with homologous genes, g ... | 2016 | 26466664 |
| pymyb10 and pymyb10.1 interact with bhlh to enhance anthocyanin accumulation in pears. | color is an important agronomic trait of pears, and the anthocyanin content of fruit is immensely significant for pear coloring. in this study, an anthocyanin-activating r2r3-myb transcription factor gene, pymyb10.1, was isolated from fruits of red sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia cv. aoguan). alignments of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences suggested that pymyb10.1 was involved in anthocyanin regulation. similar to pymyb10, pymyb10.1 was predominantly expressed in red tissues, including the skin ... | 2015 | 26536358 |
| physiological differences between bud breaking and flowering after dormancy completion revealed by dam and ft/tfl1 expression in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia). | the regulatory mechanisms underlying bud breaking (scale leaf elongation) and flowering in the lateral flower buds of japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai 'kosui') are unknown. to more fully characterize these processes, we treated pear trees with different amounts of chilling initiated at different times. chilling for ∼900 h at 6 °c always induced bud breaking (scale elongation in ≥70% lateral flower bud) when provided between october and february, whereas chilling provided earlier (between oct ... | 2016 | 26546364 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas from in vitro-grown pear shoots infected with apple stem grooving virus in response to high temperature using small rna sequencing. | micrornas (mirnas) have functions in diverse biological processes such as growth, signal transduction, disease resistance, and stress responses in plants. thermotherapy is an effective approach for elimination of viruses from fruit trees. however, the role of mirnas in this process remains elusive. previously, we showed that high temperature treatment reduces the titers of apple stem grooving virus (asgv) from the tips of in vitro-grown pyrus pyrifolia plants. in this study, we identified high t ... | 2015 | 26573813 |
| isolation and characterization of putative functional long terminal repeat retrotransposons in the pyrus genome. | long terminal repeat (ltr)-retrotransposons constitute 42.4 % of the genome of the 'suli' pear (pyrus pyrifolia white pear group), implying that retrotransposons have played important roles in pyrus evolution. therefore, further analysis of retrotransposons will enhance our understanding of the evolutionary history of pyrus. | 2016 | 26779288 |
| de novo assembly, functional annotation, and marker development of asian pear (pyrus pyrifolia) fruit transcriptome through massively parallel sequencing. | this study investigated the asian pear transcriptome using the rna-seq normalized fruit cdna library to create a transcriptomic resource for unigene and marker discovery. following the removal of lowquality reads, 127,085,054 trimmed reads were assembled de novo to yield 37,649 non-redundant unigenes with an average length of 599 bp. alternative splicing events were detected in 4121 contigs. a total of 30,560 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and 7443 simple sequence repeat (ssr) makers wer ... | 2015 | 26782482 |
| primitive genepools of asian pears and their complex hybrid origins inferred from fluorescent sequence-specific amplification polymorphism (ssap) markers based on ltr retrotransposons. | recent evidence indicated that interspecific hybridization was the major mode of evolution in pyrus. the genetic relationships and origins of the asian pear are still unclear because of frequent hybrid events, fast radial evolution, and lack of informative data. here, we developed fluorescent sequence-specific amplification polymorphism (ssap) markers with lots of informative sites and high polymorphism to analyze the population structure among 93 pear accessions, including nearly all species na ... | 2016 | 26871452 |
| involvement of early bud-break, an ap2/erf transcription factor gene, in bud break in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) lateral flower buds: expression, histone modifications and possible target genes. | in the japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) 'kosui', three developmental stages of lateral flower buds have been proposed to occur during ecodormancy to the flowering phase, i.e. rapid enlargement, sprouting and flowering. here, we report an apetala2/ethylene-responsive factor (ap2/erf) transcription factor gene, named pear early bud-break (ppebb), which was highly expressed during the rapid enlargement stage occurring prior to the onset of bud break in flower buds. gene expression analysis rev ... | 2016 | 26940832 |
| promotion of flowering by apple latent spherical virus vector and virus elimination at high temperature allow accelerated breeding of apple and pear. | plant viral vectors are superior tools for genetic manipulation, allowing rapid induction or suppression of expression of a target gene in plants. this is a particularly effective technology for use in breeding fruit trees, which are difficult to manipulate using recombinant dna technologies. we reported previously that if apple seed embryos (cotyledons) are infected with an apple latent spherical virus (alsv) vector (alsv-atft/mdtfl1) concurrently expressing the arabidopsis thaliana florigen (a ... | 2016 | 26941750 |
| small rna and pare sequencing in flower bud reveal the involvement of srnas in endodormancy release of japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia 'kosui'). | in woody perennial plants, including deciduous fruit trees, such as pear, endodormancy is a strategy for surviving the cold winter. a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the endodormancy phase transition is necessary for developing countermeasures against the effects of global warming. in this study, we analyzed the srnaome of japanese pear flower buds in endodormant and ecodormant stages over two seasons by implementing of rna-seq and degradome-sequencing. | 2016 | 26976036 |
| various extraction methods for detection of bistrifluron residues in asian pear using high-performance liquid chromatography: application to dissipation patterns under open-field conditions. | the present study was carried out to develop an analytical method for the detection and quantification of bistrifluron, a benzoylphenylurea compound, in pear using high-performance liquid chromatography with uv detection. samples were extracted using conventional, aoac and en quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe 'quechers' methods. as expected, conventional and en-quechers methods gave higher recoveries than aoac. in addition, interference around the analyte retention time was observed ... | 2016 | 26991987 |
| dickeyafangzhongdai sp. nov., a plant-pathogenic bacterium isolated from pear trees (pyrus pyrifolia). | gram-stain-negative, pectinolytic bacteria were repeatedly isolated from pear trees displaying symptoms of bleeding canker in china. three strains, js5t, ln1 and qzh3, had identical 16s rrna gene sequences that shared 99 % similarity to the type strain of dickeya dadantii. phylogenetic analysis of strains js5t, ln1 and qzh3 with isolates representing all species of the genus dickeya and related pectobacterium species supported their affiliation to dickeya. multi-locus sequence typing employing c ... | 2016 | 27045848 |
| advances in japanese pear breeding in japan. | the japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) is one of the most widely grown fruit trees in japan, and it has been used throughout japan's history. the commercial production of pears increased rapidly with the successive discoveries of the chance seedling cultivars 'chojuro' and 'nijisseiki' around 1890, and the development of new cultivars has continued since 1915. the late-maturing, leading cultivars 'niitaka' and 'shinko' were released during the initial breeding stage. furthermore, systematic b ... | 2016 | 27069390 |
| genomics of pear and other rosaceae fruit trees. | the family rosaceae includes many economically important fruit trees, such as pear, apple, peach, cherry, quince, apricot, plum, raspberry, and loquat. over the past few years, whole-genome sequences have been released for chinese pear, european pear, apple, peach, japanese apricot, and strawberry. these sequences help us to conduct functional and comparative genomics studies and to develop new cultivars with desirable traits by marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. these genomics reso ... | 2016 | 27069399 |
| fine mapping of the gene for susceptibility to black spot disease in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). | black spot disease, which is caused by the japanese pear pathotype of the filamentous fungus alternaria alternata (fries) keissler, is one of the most harmful diseases in japanese pear cultivation. we mapped a gene for susceptibility to black spot disease in the japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) cultivar 'kinchaku' (aki gene) at the top of linkage group 11, similar to the positions of the susceptibility genes ani in 'osa nijisseiki' and ana in 'nansui'. using synteny-based marker enrichment, ... | 2016 | 27162498 |
| myb transcription factors in chinese pear (pyrus bretschneideri rehd.): genome-wide identification, classification, and expression profiling during fruit development. | the myb family is one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants. although, some mybs were reported to play roles in secondary metabolism, no comprehensive study of the myb family in chinese pear (pyrus bretschneideri rehd.) has been reported. in the present study, we performed genome-wide analysis of myb genes in chinese pear, designated as pbmybs, including analyses of their phylogenic relationships, structures, chromosomal locations, promoter regions, go annotations, and colli ... | 2016 | 27200050 |
| genome-wide comparison and taxonomic relatedness of multiple xylella fastidiosa strains reveal the occurrence of three subspecies and a new xylella species. | a total of 21 xylella fastidiosa strains were assessed by comparing their genomes to infer their taxonomic relationships. the whole-genome-based average nucleotide identity and tetranucleotide frequency correlation coefficient analyses were performed. in addition, a consensus tree based on comparisons of 956 core gene families, and a genome-wide phylogenetic tree and a neighbor-net network were constructed with 820,088 nucleotides (i.e., approximately 30-33 % of the entire x. fastidiosa genome). ... | 2016 | 27209415 |
| estimation of loss of genetic diversity in modern japanese cultivars by comparison of diverse genetic resources in asian pear (pyrus spp.). | pears (pyrus spp.) are one of the most important fruit crops in temperate regions. japanese pear breeding has been carried out for over 100 years, working to release new cultivars that have good fruit quality and other desirable traits. local cultivar 'nijisseiki' and its relatives, which have excellent fruit texture, have been repeatedly used as parents in the breeding program. this strategy has led to inbreeding within recent cultivars and selections. to avoid inbreeding depression, we need to ... | 2016 | 27301575 |
| synthesis of the methyl ester of tritium-labeled ak-toxin i, a host-specific toxin produced by alternaria alternata japanese pear pathotype. | ak-toxin i, a host-specific toxin to japanese pear (pyrus serotina), was synthesized as its methyl ester from three precursor fragments: conjugated diene-carboxylic acid, chiral epoxyalcohol and β-methylphenylalanine. the epoxyalcohol fragment was derived from d-fructose, in which effective homologation of the hemiacetal carbon to alkyne by using dimethyl 1-diazo-2-oxopropylphosphonate was the key reaction. the diene-carboxylic acid fragment was prepared by repeated wittig reactions, and was com ... | 1999 | 27380234 |
| the role of ca2+ and ca2+ channels in the gametophytic self-incompatibility of pyrus pyrifolia. | in s-rnase-based self-incompatibility, s-rnase was previously thought to function as a selective rnase that inhibits pollen whose s-haplotype matches that in the pistil. in this study, we showed that s-rnase has a distinct effect on the regulation of ca2+-permeable channel activity in the apical pollen tube in pyrus pyrifolia. while non-self s-rnase has no effect, self s-rnase decreases the activity of ca2+ channels and disrupts the ca2+ gradient at the tip of the growing pollen tube during the ... | 2016 | 27397621 |
| physical mapping of black spot disease resistance/susceptibility-related genome regions in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia) by bac-fish. | black spot disease, caused by alternaria alternata japanese pear pathotype, is one of the most harmful diseases in japanese pear cultivation. in the present study, the locations of black spot disease resistance/susceptibility-related genome regions were studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization using bac clone (bac-fish) on japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia (burm. f.) nakai) chromosomes. root tips of self-pollinated seedlings of 'osa gold' were used as materials. chromosome samples were prepare ... | 2016 | 27436955 |
| molecular and phenotypic characterization of colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose disease in peppers from sichuan province, china. | the anthracnose caused by colletotrichum species is an important disease that primarily causes fruit rot in pepper. eighty-eight strains representing seven species of colletotrichum were obtained from rotten pepper fruits in sichuan province, china, and characterized according to morphology and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) sequence. fifty-two strains were chosen for identification by phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequences, including the nuclear ribosomal internal ... | 2016 | 27609555 |
| characterization of cipk family in asian pear (pyrus bretschneideri rehd) and co-expression analysis related to salt and osmotic stress responses. | asian pear (pyrus bretschneideri) is one of the most important fruit crops in the world, and its growth and productivity are frequently affected by abiotic stresses. calcineurin b-like interacting protein kinases (cipks) as caladium-sensor protein kinases interact with ca(2+)-binding cbls to extensively mediate abiotic stress responses in plants. although the pear genome sequence has been released, little information is available about the cipk genes in pear, especially in response to salt and o ... | 2016 | 27656193 |
| proteomic analysis of pear (pyrus pyrifolia) ripening process provides new evidence for the sugar/acid metabolism difference between core and mesocarp. | pears are one of the most popular nutrient-rich fruits in the world. the pear core and mesocarp have significantly different metabolism, although they display similar profiles. most strikingly, the core is more acidic in taste. our results showed that there is more titrated acid but lower total soluble solids in the core compared to the mesocarp, and the content of citric acid was more than 17-fold higher in the core compared to the mesocarp at the ripening stage. proteomics was used to investig ... | 0 | 27688055 |
| the disappearance rate and risk assessment of thiacloprid residues in asian pear using liquid chromatography confirmed with tandem mass spectrometry. | this study was undertaken to quantify the residue levels and propose the dissipation kinetics of thiacloprid formulated as suspension concentrate in field-incurred asian pears grown under two different open-field conditions. samples were extracted with 20% distilled water in acetonitrile; partitioned with brine water and dichloromethane; and purified with a florisil solid phase extraction cartridge. the analyte was identified with an lc ultraviolet detector, and field-incurred samples were confi ... | 2017 | 27696449 |
| development, characterization, and annotation of potential simple sequence repeats by transcriptome sequencing in pears (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). | simple sequence repeats (ssrs), one of the most powerful molecular markers, can be used for dna fingerprinting, variety identification, genetic mapping, and marker-assisted selection. using the pear's (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) 75,764 unigenes (55,676,271 bp) obtained by deep transcriptome sequencing, a total of 10,622 novel ssrs were identified in 9154 unigenes, accounting for 14.02% of all unigenes. the average length and distribution of these ssrs was about 16 bp and 5.24 kb, respectively. dinuc ... | 2016 | 27706776 |
| paper-based 1-mcp treatment suppresses cell wall metabolism and delays softening of huanghua pears during storage. | huanghua pear will lose its firmness quickly during postharvest storage at ambient temperature, and hence has limited storage and marketing potential. in this study, huanghua pears treated with paper containing 0 (control) or 0.9 μl l(-1) 1-methylcyclopropene (1-mcp) for 12 h, and then stored at (25 ± 1) °c for 30 days, were investigated for the effect on fruit firmness, cell wall composition and activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes. | 0 | 27706823 |
| characterization of virus-derived small interfering rnas in apple stem grooving virus-infected in vitro-cultured pyrus pyrifolia shoot tips in response to high temperature treatment. | heat treatment (known as thermotherapy) together with in vitro culture of shoot meristem tips is a commonly used technology to obtain virus-free germplasm for the effective control of virus diseases in fruit trees. rna silencing as an antiviral defense mechanism has been implicated in this process. to understand if high temperature-mediated acceleration of the host antiviral gene silencing system in the meristem tip facilitates virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirna) accumulation to reduce ... | 2016 | 27716257 |
| systematic analysis of the 4-coumarate:coenzyme a ligase (4cl) related genes and expression profiling during fruit development in the chinese pear. | in plants, 4-coumarate:coenzyme a ligases (4cls), comprising some of the adenylate-forming enzymes, are key enzymes involved in regulating lignin metabolism and the biosynthesis of flavonoids and other secondary metabolites. although several 4cl-related proteins were shown to play roles in secondary metabolism, no comprehensive study on 4cl-related genes in the pear and other rosaceae species has been reported. in this study, we identified 4cl-related genes in the apple, peach, yangmei, and pear ... | 2016 | 27775579 |
| comparative genomic analysis of the grf genes in chinese pear (pyrus bretschneideri rehd), poplar (populous), grape (vitis vinifera), arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa). | growth-regulating factors (grfs) are plant-specific transcription factors that have important functions in regulating plant growth and development. previous studies on grf family members focused either on a single or a small set of genes. here, a comparative genomic analysis of the grf gene family was performed in poplar (a model tree species), arabidopsis (a model plant for annual herbaceous dicots), grape (one model plant for perennial dicots), rice (a model plant for monocots) and chinese pea ... | 2016 | 27933074 |
| complete plastid genome of eriobotrya japonica (thunb.) lindl and comparative analysis in rosaceae. | eriobotrya japonica (thunb.) lindl (loquat) is an evergreen rosaceae fruit tree widely distributed in subtropical regions. its leaves are considered as traditional chinese medicine and are of high medical value especially for cough and emesis. thus, we sequenced the complete plastid genome of e. japonica to better utilize this important species. the complete plastid genome of e. japonica is 159,137 bp in length, which contains a typical quadripartite structure with a pair of inverted repeats (ir ... | 2016 | 27995013 |
| structural, evolutionary, and functional analysis of the class iii peroxidase gene family in chinese pear (pyrus bretschneideri). | peroxidases (prxs) are widely existed in various organisms and could be divided into different types according to their structures and functions. specifically, the class iii peroxidase, a plant-specific multi-gene family, involves in many physiological processes, such as the metabolism of auxin, the extension and thickening of cell wall, as well as the formation of lignin. by searching the pear genome database, 94 non-redundant prxs from pyrus bretschneideri (pbprxs) were identified. subsequentl ... | 2016 | 28018406 |
| pre-harvest foliar application of ethephon strengthens gibberellins-induced fruit expansion in pyrus pyrifolia. | to identify the roles of ethylene in fruit development in japanese pear pyrus pyrifolia 'niitaka', one of the non-climacteric genotypes, source-sink strength and fruit development during fruit expansion were investigated when ethephon was applied after a conventional gibberellic acid (ga) lanolin paste treatment on the pedicel. the results demonstrate that the conventional ga treatment during the early stage of fruit expansion resulted in larger fruit size and advanced fruit maturation, but pre- ... | 2016 | 28081285 |
| integrated high-density consensus genetic map of pyrus and anchoring of the 'bartlett' v1.0 (pyrus communis) genome. | genetic maps are essential tools for pear genetics and genomics research. in this study, we first constructed an integrated simple sequence repeat (ssr) and single nucleotide polymorphism (snp)-based consensus genetic map for pear based on common ssr markers between nine published maps. a total of 5,085 markers, including 1,232 ssrs and 3,853 snps, were localized on a consensus map spanning 3,266.0 cm in total, with an average marker interval of 0.64 cm, which represents the highest density cons ... | 2017 | 28130382 |
| identification, classification, and transcription profiles of the b-type response regulator family in pear. | type-b response regulators (b-rrs) are transcription factors that function in the final step of two-component signaling systems. in model plants, b-rrs have been shown to play important roles in cytokinin signal transduction. however, the functions of b-rrs in pear have not been well studied. in this report, we conducted a genome-wide analysis and identified 11 putative genes encoding b-pprr proteins based on the published genome sequence of pyrus bretschneideri. a phylogenetic tree of the b-ppr ... | 2017 | 28207822 |
| transcriptome analysis of bagging-treated red chinese sand pear peels reveals light-responsive pathway functions in anthocyanin accumulation. | bagging is an efficient method to improve fruit colour development. this work reported a transcriptome analysis using bagging-treated red chinese sand pear peels. in total, 8,870 differentially expressed genes were further analysed by a weighted gene co-expression network analysis and early-, middle- and late light-responsive genes were identified. an annotation analysis revealed several pathways involved in the different responsive stages. the presence of long hypocotly 5, cry-dash and a consta ... | 2017 | 28246400 |
| comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals that ethylene/h2o2-mediated hypersensitive response and programmed cell death determine the compatible interaction of sand pear and alternaria alternata. | a major restriction on sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia) production is black spot disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus alternaria alternata. however, the pear response mechanism to a. alternata is unknown at the molecular level. here, host responses of a resistant cultivar cuiguan (cg) and a susceptible cultivar sucui1 (sc1) to a. alternata infection were investigated. we found that the primary necrotic lesion formed at 1 dpi and the expansion of lesions was aggressive in sc1. data from transcrip ... | 2017 | 28261248 |
| a mitovirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus alternaria brassicicola. | alternaria brassicicola is one of the causal agents of alternaria blackspot in rapeseed. in this study, a dsrna segment was isolated and sequenced from the fungus. the complete nucleotide sequence of the dsrna was 2506 bp in length and, using the fungal mitochondrial genetic code, was predicted to contain a single large open reading frame (orf) in the positive strand. this orf was predicted to encode a protein with 719 amino acids that contains characteristic conserved motifs of the rna-dependen ... | 2017 | 28474224 |
| interventions for treatment and/or prevention of alcohol hangover: systematic review. | to evaluate new research conducted over the past few years (2009-2016) assessing the effectiveness of potentially curative and/or preventive methods of alcohol hangover. | 2017 | 28568743 |
| dormancy-associated mads-box (dam) and the abscisic acid pathway regulate pear endodormancy through a feedback mechanism. | in the pear 'kosui' (pyrus pyrifolia nakai), the dormancy-associated mads-box (ppdam1 = ppmads13-1) gene has been reported to play an essential role in bud endodormancy. here, we found that ppdam1 up-regulated expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (ppnced3), which is a rate-limiting gene for aba biosynthesis. transient assays with a dual luciferase reporter system (luc assay) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (emsa) showed that ppdam1 activated ppnced3 expression by binding to t ... | 2017 | 28586469 |
| benzaldehyde dehydrogenase-driven phytoalexin biosynthesis in elicitor-treated pyrus pyrifolia cell cultures. | pyrus pyrifolia (asian pear) cell cultures respond to yeast extract (ye) treatment by accumulating benzoate-derived biphenyl phytoalexins, namely, noraucuparin and aucuparin. biphenyl phytoalexins are defense-marker metabolites of the sub-tribe malinae of the family rosaceae. the substrates for biphenyl biosynthesis are benzoyl-coa and malonyl-coa, which combine in the presence of biphenyl synthase (bis) to produce 3,5-dihydroxybiphneyl. in the non-β-oxidative pathway, benzoyl-coa is directly de ... | 2017 | 28647601 |
| metabolism and antioxidant effect of malaxinic acid and its corresponding aglycone in rat blood plasma. | malaxinic acid (ma) is a phenolic acid compound, found mainly in pear fruits (pyrus pyrifolia n.), that is isoprenylated on the c-3 position of benzoic acid. recently, the effects of prenylated phenolics on health have received much interest owing to their reported potent beneficial biological effects. we conducted a comparative study in rats to determine the metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and antioxidative activities of ma and its corresponding aglycone (maa). ma and maa were orally administered ... | 2017 | 28669626 |
| structure-antifungal activity relationship of fluorinated dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives and preventive activity against alternaria alternata japanese pear pathotype. | the structure-activity relationship of the antifungal fluorinated dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives was evaluated. some of the newly synthesized lignan compounds were found to show higher antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi such as alternaria alternata (japanese pear and apple pathotypes) and a. citri than the lead compound, 3-fluoro-3'-methoxylignan-4'-ol (3). the broad antifungal spectrum of 3'-hydroxyphenyl derivative 16 was observed, and the 3'-fluoro-4'-hydroxyphenyl derivati ... | 2017 | 28681599 |
| plc-mediated signaling pathway in pollen tubes regulates the gametophytic self-incompatibility of pyrus species. | among the rosaceae species, the gametophytic self-incompatibility (gsi) is controlled by a single multi-allelic s locus, which is composed of the pistil-s and pollen-s genes. the pistil-s gene encodes a polymorphic ribonuclease (s-rnase), which is essential for identifying self-pollen. however, the s-rnase system has not been fully characterized. in this study, the self-s-rnase inhibited the ca2+-permeable channel activity at pollen tube apices and the selectively decreased phospholipase c (plc) ... | 2017 | 28729872 |
| genome segments encoding capsid protein-like variants of pyrus pyrifolia cryptic virus. | according to previous studies, three double-stranded (ds) rna molecules (dsrna1, 2, and 3) detected in japanese pear are transmitted to the next generation with high frequency through both ovules and pollen. nucleotide sequence analysis of dsrna1-encoding rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) has suggested that these dsrnas are related to a cryptovirus named pyrus pyrifolia cryptic virus (ppcv). in this study, purified dsrna prepared from a ppcv-infected japanese pear cultivar was subjected to nex ... | 2017 | 28760347 |
| response of mir156-spl module during the red peel coloration of bagging-treated chinese sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai). | microrna156 is an evolutionarily highly conserved plant micro-rna (mirna) that controls an age-dependent flowering pathway. mir156 and its target squamosa promoter binding protein-like (spl) genes regulate anthocyanin accumulation in plants, but it is unknown whether this process is affected by light. red chinese sand pear (pyrus pyrifolia) fruits exhibit a unique coloration pattern in response to bagging treatments, which makes them appropriate for studying the molecular mechanism underlying li ... | 2017 | 28824447 |
| map-based cloning of the pear gene myb114 identifies an interaction with other transcription factors to coordinately regulate fruit anthocyanin biosynthesis. | red fruits are popular and widely accepted by consumers because of an enhanced appearance and enriched anthocyanins. the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin regulation in red-skinned pear (pyrus) has been studied, and the genes encoding the biosynthetic steps and several transcription factors (tfs) have been characterized. in this study, a candidate r2r3 myb tf, pymyb114, was identified by linkage to the quantitative trait loci (qtl) for red skin color on linkage group 5 in a population of chines ... | 2017 | 28845529 |
| color, bioactive compounds and morphological characteristics of encapsulated asian pear juice powder during spray drying. | encapsulated asian pear juice powder was produced through spray drying using three maltodextrin levels (15, 20, and 25% w/v) and three inlet air temperatures (130, 150, and 170 °c). the impact of maltodextrin concentrations and inlet air temperatures on color, bioactive compounds, and morphological characteristics of encapsulated asian pear juice powder were investigated. maltodextrin concentrations and inlet air temperatures significantly influenced l* and b* values of encapsulated asian pear j ... | 2017 | 28928511 |
| transcriptome analysis of callery pear (pyrus calleryana) reveals a comprehensive signalling network in response to alternaria alternata. | the pear is an important temperate fruit worldwide that is produced by a group of species in the genus pyrus. callery pear (pyrus calleryana decne) is characterized by high resistance to multiple diseases, good adaptability, and high ornamental value, and is therefore widely planted in pear orchards for edible fruit production or as stock. plant pathogens are a major threat to pear yield. black spot disease, caused by the filamentous fungus alternaria alternata, is one of the most serious diseas ... | 2017 | 28934298 |
| heterogenous expression of pyrus pyrifolia ppcad2 and ppexp2 in tobacco impacts lignin accumulation in transgenic plants. | lignin, a natural macromolecular compound, plays an important role in the texture and taste of fruit. hard end is a physiological disorder of pear fruit, in which the level of lignification in fruit tissues is dramatically elevated. cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and expansin genes (ppcad2 and ppexp2, respectively) exhibit higher levels of expression in 'whangkeumbae' (pyrus pyrifolia) pear fruit exhibiting this physiological disorder, relative to control fruit without symptoms. these genes were ... | 2017 | 28964892 |
| biology and epidemiology of venturia species affecting fruit crops: a review. | the fungal genus venturia sacc. (anamorph fusicladium bonord.) includes plant pathogens that cause substantial economic damage to fruit crops worldwide. although venturia inaequalis is considered a model species in plant pathology, other venturia spp. also cause scab on other fruit trees. relative to the substantial research that has been conducted on v. inaequalis and apple scab, little research has been conducted on venturia spp. affecting other fruit trees. in this review, the main characteri ... | 2017 | 28974954 |
| chromatographic determination, decline dynamic and risk assessment of sulfoxaflor in asian pear and oriental melon. | the dissipation pattern of sulfoxaflor in asian pear cultivated in an open field conditions and in oriental melon grown under plastic house conditions was each studied in two different locations. residues in field-treated samples were determined using liquid chromatography coupled with an ultraviolet detector and confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. a calibration curve for sulfoxaflor was linear over the concentration range 0.1-5.0 mg/l, with a coefficient of determinatio ... | 2017 | 28975659 |
| a novel alphapartitivirus detected in japanese pear. | pyrus pyrifolia cryptic virus (ppcv) had been previously reported from japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia). in analyses of japanese pear, two other double-stranded (ds) rna molecules (dsrna4 and 5) were observed along with the three dsrna segments from ppcv on an electrophoretic profile of isolated dsrna. when the purified dsrna sample was deep sequenced by a next-generation sequencer, two de novo assembled contigs corresponding to dsrna4 and 5, with predicted amino acid sequences showing homologies ... | 2017 | 28986679 |
| repression of terminal flower1 primarily mediates floral induction in pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) concomitant with change in gene expression of plant hormone-related genes and transcription factors. | floral induction is an important event in the annual growth cycle of perennial fruit trees. for pear, this event directly affects fruit production in the following year. the flower buds in many species are induced by flowering locus t (ft), whose effect is repressed by the meristem-expressed gene terminal flower1 (tfl1). in this study, we investigated the functions of pear ft and tfl1 genes during floral development. expression of pear fts (ppft1a and ppft2a) in reproductive meristems was not ob ... | 2017 | 28992213 |
| interval mapping for red/green skin color in asian pears using a modified qtl-seq method. | pears with red skin are attractive to consumers and provide additional health benefits. identification of the gene(s) responsible for skin coloration can benefit cultivar selection and breeding. the use of qtl-seq, a bulked segregant analysis method, can be problematic when heterozygous parents are involved. the present study modified the qtl-seq method by introducing a |δ(snp-index)| parameter to improve the accuracy of mapping the red skin trait in a group of highly heterozygous asian pears. t ... | 2017 | 29118994 |
| systematics of the east palaearctic pear psyllids (hemiptera: psylloidea) with particular focus on the japanese and korean fauna. | the confused taxonomy of the east palaearctic pear psyllids, serious pests on cultivated pear, is reviewed. fifty-six nominal species have been reported from pyrus, 25 of which we consider valid and ten as not being associated with pyrus. our taxonomic revision suggests that, in korea, four cacopsylla species develop on pear: the univoltine c. burckhardti luo et al. previously misidentified as c. pyrisuga (foerster), the polyvoltine, seasonally dimorphic c. jukyungi (kwon) (winter form 'cinereos ... | 2017 | 29245444 |
| abscisic acid (aba ) promotes the induction and maintenance of pear (pyrus pyrifolia white pear group) flower bud endodormancy. | dormancy is an adaptive mechanism that allows temperate deciduous plants to survive unfavorable winter conditions. in the present work, we investigated the possible function of abscisic acid (aba) on the endodormancy process in pear. the aba content increased during pear flower bud endodormancy establishment and decreased towards endodormancy release. in total, 39 putative genes related to aba metabolism and signal transductions were identified from pear genome. during the para- to endodormancy ... | 2018 | 29361708 |
| comparative phenology of dormant japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia) flower buds: a possible cause of 'flowering disorder'. | mild winters influenced by global warming have increased the incidence of erratic flowering ('flowering disorder') in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) trees in japan. to discover how, when and what kind of disorder/damage occur in pear flower buds, we observed axillary flower buds of two cultivars, 'kosui' (a mid-chill cultivar) and 'niitaka' (a high-chill cultivar), grown at five locations. we focused on the phenology from autumn 2015 to spring 2016, when temperatures were higher than for ... | 2018 | 29370432 |