Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| contributions of photosynthesis and phytochrome to the formation of anthocyanin in turnip seedlings. | turnip seedlings (brassica rapa l.) irradiated for 24 hours with radiation at 720 nanometers synthesize chlorophyll a and anthocyanin. antimycin a and 2,4-dinitrophenol, which are known to reduce cyclic photophosphorylation, also reduce anthocyanin synthesis. noncyclic photophosphorylation is inhibited by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea and o-phenanthroline. these compounds promote cyclic photophosphorylation and anthocyanin synthesis. on the basis of these findings it is suggested that ... | 1971 | 16657788 |
| salt-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase from smooth microsomes of turnip. | the turnip (brassica rapa l.) microsome fraction contains both a mg(2+)-inhibited acid phosphatase and a salt-stimulated mg(2+)-activated atpase. however, as the ph optimum of the atpase was 8.0 to 8.5, the acid phosphatase activity could be eliminated by assaying at or above ph 7.8. the atpase was concentrated in a fraction equivalent to the smooth microsomal membranes and was not due to fragments of mitochondria. the salt-stimulated activity showed specificity for anions rather than cations. t ... | 1973 | 16658466 |
| photocontrol of anthocyanin synthesis: iii. the action of streptomycin on the synthesis of chlorophyll and anthocyanin. | streptomycin enhances the synthesis of anthocyanins and inhibits the synthesis of chlorophylls and the development of chloroplasts in dark-grown seedlings of cabbage (brassica oleracea), mustard (sinapis alba), tomato (lycopersicon esculentum), and turnip (brassica rapa) exposed to prolonged periods of irradiation in various spectral regions. these results suggest that the contribution of photosynthesis to light-dependent high irradiance reaction anthocyanin synthesis in seedlings of cabbage, mu ... | 1975 | 16659061 |
| determination of structure and composition of suberin from the roots of carrot, parsnip, rutabaga, turnip, red beet, and sweet potato by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. | suberin from the roots of carrots (daucus carota), parsnip (pastinaca sativa), rutabaga (brassica napobrassica), turnip (brassica rapa), red beet (beta vulgaris), and sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) was isolated by a combination of chemical and enzymatic techniques. finely powdered suberin was depolymerized with 14% bf(3) in methanol, and soluble monomers (20-50% of suberin) were fractionated into phenolic (<10%) and aliphatic (13-35%) fractions. the aliphatic fractions consisted mainly of omega- ... | 1975 | 16659124 |
| paradoxical effect of actinomycin d: regulation of synthesis of wound rnase at translation in turnip tissue. | cutting of tissue sections induces rnase (ec 2.7.7.16) activity (phase i) in white turnip (brassica rapa l. var. rapa) which peaks in 4 or 7 hours and then declines rapidly (phase ii). the increase is inhibited by cycloheximide; also rnase from tissue bathed in 99.8% d(2)o during phase i underwent a large increase in buoyant density, indicating that the increased activity is due to de novo synthesis. actinomycin d inhibited induction of rnase only if given within the initial 45 minutes after cut ... | 1975 | 16659321 |
| formation of n-acetylglutamate by extracts of higher plants. | the enzymic synthesis of n-acetylglutamate was studied in extracts of higher plant tissues, especially in sugar beet leaves (beta vulgaris l.). sugar beet leaves had an enzyme that transferred the acetyl group either from acetyl-coa or from n(2)-acetylornithine to glutamate. the enzyme was so unstable that special precautions were necessary for its detection and appreciable purification was impossible. the km values were 2.5 and 0.025 mm for acetyl-coa and n(2)-acetylornithine, respectively. the ... | 1977 | 16659918 |
| homology of plant peroxidases: an immunochemical approach. | antisera specific for the basic peroxidase from horseradish (amoracea rusticana) were used to examine homology among horseradish peroxidase isoenzymes and among basic peroxidases from root plants. the antisera cross-reacted with all tested isoperoxidases when measured by both agar diffusion and quantitative precipitin reactions. precipitin analyses provided quantitative measurements of homology among these plant peroxidases. the basic radish (raphanus sativus l. cv. cherry belle) peroxidase had ... | 1982 | 16662176 |
| the responses of isolated plant mitochondria to external nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. | the effects of added nad on substrate oxidation by turnip (brassica rapa l.) and beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) mitochondria were investigated. state 3 malate and 2-oxoglutarate oxidation rates with turnip mitochondria were stimulated 25 to 40% by external nad. following nad-depletion this stimulation by nad was increased to 70 to 80%. with purified beetroot mitochondria, state 3 malate and 2-oxoglutarate oxidation rates were only marginally increased (10-15%) by the addition of nad but after nad-d ... | 1986 | 16664861 |
| a gibberellin-deficient brassica mutant-rosette. | a single-gene mutant (rosette [ros/ros]) in which shoot growth and development are inhibited was identified from a rapid cycling line of brassica rapa (syn campestris). relative to normal plants, the mutant germinated slowly, had delayed or incomplete floral development, and reduced leaf, petiole, and internode growth. the exogenous application of ga(3) by foliar spray or directly to the shoot tip of rosette resulted in rapid flowering, bolting (shoot elongation), and viable seed production. sho ... | 1989 | 16666569 |
| an analysis of the control of phosphorylation-coupled respiration in isolated plant mitochondria. | the control of phosphorylation-coupled respiration in isolated turnip (brassica rapa) mitochondria was investigated according to the principles of metabolic control analysis as developed by h. kacser and j. a. burns ([1973] symp soc exp biol 32: 65-104) and r. heinrich and t. a. rapoport ([1974] eur j biochem 42: 97-105). inhibitor titration studies were used to determine quantitatively the amount of control exerted by four individual processes-cytochrome bc(1), cytochrome oxidase, h(+)-atpase, ... | 1989 | 16666899 |
| a mutant gene that increases gibberellin production in brassica. | a single gene mutant (elongated internode [ein/ein]) with accelerated shoot elongation was identified from a rapid cycling line of brassica rapa. relative to normal plants, mutant plants had slightly accelerated floral development, greater stem dry weights, and particularly, increased internode and inflorescence elongation. the application of the triazole plant growth retardant, paclobutrazol, inhibited shoot elongation, returning ein to a more normal phenotype. conversely, exogenous gibberellin ... | 1990 | 16667574 |
| simple sequence repeat-based comparative genomics between brassica rapa and arabidopsis thaliana: the genetic origin of clubroot resistance. | an ssr-based linkage map was constructed in brassica rapa. it includes 113 ssr, 87 rflp, and 62 rapd markers. it consists of 10 linkage groups with a total distance of 1005.5 cm and an average distance of 3.7 cm. ssrs are distributed throughout the linkage groups at an average of 8.7 cm. synteny between b. rapa and a model plant, arabidopsis thaliana, was analyzed. a number of small genomic segments of a. thaliana were scattered throughout an entire b. rapa linkage map. this points out the compl ... | 2006 | 16723420 |
| a family of auxin conjugate hydrolases from brassica rapa: characterization and expression during clubroot disease. | during the obligate biotrophic interaction of plasmodiophora brassicae with members of the brassicaceae, the host roots show hypertrophy and galls are established. an increased auxin pool appears to correlate with cell expansion and cell division, but the origin of the free auxin is not yet clear. as previous results point to increased iaa-hydrolytic activity in infected roots of brassica rapa at later time points of infection, we isolated iaa-amidohydrolase-like genes from various tissues. we c ... | 2006 | 16771990 |
| chemical and biological characterization of non-extractable sulfonamide residues in soil. | for sulfonamides, the formation of non-extractable residues has been identified by laboratory testing as the most relevant concentration determining process in manured soil. therefore, the present study has been focused on the chemical and biological characterization of non-extractable residues of (14)c-labeled sulfadiazine or sulfamethoxazole. in laboratory batch experiments, the test substances were spiked via standard solution or test slurry to microbially active soil samples. after incubatio ... | 2006 | 16774778 |
| characterization of flavonol conjugates in immature leaves of pak choi [brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis l. (hanelt.)] by hplc-dad and lc-ms/ms. | the flavonoid composition of immature leaves of pak choi [brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis l. (hanelt.)] was investigated. flavonol aglycone content was measured in 11 pak choi varieties, indicating significant differences (p < 0.05) in content between varieties and relatively high contents of kaempferol and isorhamnetin. levels of quercetin ranged from 3.2 to 6.1 mg/100 g of dry weight (dw), whereas levels of isorhamnetin and kaempferol were significantly higher (8.1-35.1 and 36.0-102.6 mg/100 g ... | 2006 | 16787039 |
| alternative management tactics for control of phyllotreta cruciferae and phyllotreta striolata (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) on brassica rapa in massachusetts. | the flea beetles phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze) and phyllotreta striolata (f.) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae: alticinae) are significant pests of crops in the brassicaceae family. from 2001 to 2003, the efficacy of both new and commonly used treatments for the control of flea beetles in brassicas, brassica rapa l., were evaluated in three small plot, randomized complete block design trials. row cover and carbaryl (applied as a weekly foliar spray) were found to be the most consistent at reducing da ... | 2006 | 16813315 |
| effects of endocrine disruptor di-n-butyl phthalate on the growth of bok choy (brassica rapa subsp. chinensis). | the effects of the endocrine disrupter, di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp), on the growth of leaf vegetable bok choy (brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, white stem bok choy) were investigated. the results showed that leaves of bok choy became white in color with the occurrence of chlorosis and necrosis upon treating with 30 mg l(-1) dbp for 42 days. transmission electron microscopic images revealed that changes in the chloroplast structures accompanied the chlorosis. in addition, a decrease in biomass and ... | 2006 | 16824579 |
| suppression of gene expression of a recessive sp11/scr allele by an untranscribed sp11/scr allele in brassica self-incompatibility. | mutations in the s locus of a self-compatible cultivar yellow sarson in brassica rapa, which has a self-compatible class-i s haplotype, s-f2, were investigated. s-28 in brassica oleracea was found to be a member of an interspecific pair with s-f2 in b. rapa. the original s haplotype of s-f2 was identified to be s-54 in b. rapa. sequence comparison of alleles in s-f2 with those in s-54 and b. oleracea s-28 revealed insertion of a retrotransposon-like sequence in the first intron of srk and 89-bp ... | 2006 | 16897476 |
| effects of simulated microgravity on male gametophyte of prunus, pyrus, and brassica species. | in this study we evaluated the effect of simulated microgravity on pollen germination of both herbaceous and woody species in order to investigate the possibility of applying gametophytic selection for plant growth in the space environment. the behaviour of gametophytes exposed to the stress of clinostat rotation could be used to screen the degree of tolerance of the sporophyte to simulated microgravity. the use of male gametophyte selection overcomes the problems generally encountered by sporop ... | 2006 | 16937064 |
| molecular cloning and stress-dependent regulation of potassium channel gene in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). | potassium channels are important for many physiological functions in plants, one of which is to regulate plant adaption to stress conditions. in this study, kct2, the gene encoding a membrane-bound protein potassium channel (genbank accession number: ), was isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) by race-pcr technique. bioinformatics methods were performed for the gene structure and molecular similarity analysis. the kct2 expression patterns under various stress conditions ... | 2006 | 16949960 |
| bioaffinity-based an inexpensive and high yield procedure for the immobilization of turnip (brassica rapa) peroxidase. | this study demonstrates the immobilization of carbohydrate containing turnip peroxidase on an inexpensive bioaffinity adsorbent, concanavalin a-cellulose support. the bioaffinity support was prepared simply by incubating cellulose powder with jack bean extract at 4 degrees c. cellulose powder adsorbed 30 mg concanavalin a/g of the matrix. concanavalin a adsorbed cellulose has been employed for the simultaneous purification and immobilization of glycoenzymes directly from ammonium sulphate fracti ... | 2006 | 16962372 |
| response of spinach and komatsuna to biogas effluent made from source-separated kitchen garbage. | recycling of kitchen garbage is an urgent task for reducing public spending and environmental burdens by incineration and/or landfill. there is an interesting regional effort in ogawa, saitama prefecture, japan, in which source-separated kitchen garbage is anaerobically fermented with a biogas plant and the resultant effluent is used as a quick-release organic fertilizer by surrounding farmers. however, scientific assessments of fertilizer values and risks in the use of the effluent were lacking ... | 2006 | 16973635 |
| the responses of crop - wild brassica hybrids to simulated herbivory and interspecific competition: implications for transgene introgression. | brassica rapa grows as a wild and weedy species throughout the world and is the most likely recipient of transgenes from gm oilseed rape. for transgene introgression to occur, the critical step which must be realized, is the formation of an f1 hybrid. concerns exist that hybrid populations could be more vigorous and competitive compared to the parental species. this study examines the effect of simulated herbivory and interspecific competition on the vegetative and reproductive performance of no ... | 2006 | 16978571 |
| rflp and aflp analysis of inter- and intraspecific variation of brassica rapa and b. napus shows that b. rapa is an important genetic resource for b. napus improvement. | fingerprinting of 29 accessions of oilseed rape, including seven accessions of brassica napus, and 22 accessions of b. rapa (b. campestris) from europe, north america, and china was analyzed using rflp and aflp markers. in total, 1,477 polymorphic rflp bands and 183 polymorphic aflp bands from 166 enzyme-probe combinations and two pairs of aflp primers, respectively, were scored for the 29 accessions. on average, rflp analysis showed that the arabidopsis est probe detected more polymorphic bands ... | 2006 | 16980128 |
| pairing and recombination at meiosis of brassica rapa (aa) x brassica napus (aacc) hybrids. | interspecific crosses contribute significantly to plant evolution enabling gene exchanges between species. the efficiency of interspecific crosses depends on the similarity between the implicated genomes as high levels of genome similarity are required to ensure appropriate chromosome pairing and genetic recombination. brassica napus (aacc) is an allopolyploid, resulting from natural hybridization between brassica rapa (aa) and brassica oleracea (cc), both being diploid species derived from a co ... | 2006 | 16983552 |
| a sequence-tagged linkage map of brassica rapa. | a detailed genetic linkage map of brassica rapa has been constructed containing 545 sequence-tagged loci covering 1287 cm, with an average mapping interval of 2.4 cm. the loci were identified using a combination of 520 rflp and 25 pcr-based markers. rflp probes were derived from 359 b. rapa est clones and amplification products of 11 b. rapa and 26 arabidopsis. including 21 ssr markers provided anchors to previously published linkage maps for b. rapa and b. napus and is followed as the reference ... | 2006 | 16988107 |
| spontaneous gene flow from rapeseed (brassica napus) to wild brassica oleracea. | research on the environmental risks of gene flow from genetically modified (gm) crops to wild relatives has traditionally emphasized recipients yielding most hybrids. for gm rapeseed (brassica napus), interest has centred on the 'frequently hybridizing' brassica rapa over relatives such as brassica oleracea, where spontaneous hybrids are unreported in the wild. in two sites, where rapeseed and wild b. oleracea grow together, we used flow cytometry and crop-specific microsatellite markers to iden ... | 2006 | 17015343 |
| delayed flowering time in arabidopsis and brassica rapa by the overexpression of flowering locus c (flc) homologs isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.: ssp. pekinensis). | chinese cabbage plants remain in the vegetative growth phase until they have experienced prolonged exposure to cold temperature, known as vernalization. this inhibition of flowering is caused by the high levels of flowering locus c (flc) expression. to increase the product value of chinese cabbage by inhibiting the floral transition, three genes (brflc1, brflc2, and brflc3) homologous to the atflc gene, which encodes a floral repressor, were isolated from the chinese cabbage 'chiifu'. these gene ... | 2007 | 17024448 |
| the abc's of comparative genomics in the brassicaceae: building blocks of crucifer genomes. | in this review we summarize recent advances in our understanding of phylogenetics, polyploidization and comparative genomics in the family brassicaceae. these findings pave the way for a unified comparative genomic framework. we integrate several of these findings into a simple system of 24 conserved chromosomal blocks (labeled a-x). the naming, order, orientation and color-coding of these blocks are based on their positions in a proposed ancestral karyotype (n=8), rather than by their position ... | 2006 | 17029932 |
| characterization of dna methyltransferase genes in brassica rapa. | dna methylation is essential for normal development and plays important roles in regulating gene expression in plants. analysis of the key enzymes catalyzing dna methylation is important to understand epigenetic phenomena. in this study, three putative methyltransferase genes, brmet1a, brmet1b, and brcmt, were isolated from a genome library of brassica rapa. structural conservation of the amino acid sequence between brmet1a/brmet1b and atmet1 and that between brcmt and atcmt3 suggests that they ... | 2006 | 17038795 |
| fine mapping of the clubroot resistance gene, crr3, in brassica rapa. | a linkage map of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa) was constructed to localize the clubroot resistance (cr) gene, crr3. quantitative trait loci analysis using an f(3) population revealed a sharp peak in the logarithm of odds score around the sequence-tagged site (sts) marker, opc11-2s. therefore, this region contained crr3. nucleotide sequences of opc11-2s and its proximal markers showed homology to sequences in the top arm of arabidopsis chromosome 3, suggesting a synteny between the two species. ... | 2006 | 17039346 |
| metabolomic analysis of methyl jasmonate treated brassica rapa leaves by 2-dimensional nmr spectroscopy. | the metabolomic analysis of brassica rapa leaves treated with methyl jasmonate was performed using 2-dimensional j-resolved nmr spectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis. the principal component analysis of the j-resolved nmr spectra showed discrimination between control and methyl jasmonate treated plants by principal components 1 and 2. while the level of glucose, sucrose and amino acids showed a decrease after methyl jasmonate treatment, hydroxycinnamates and glucosinolate were hi ... | 2006 | 17046035 |
| effects of fall and spring seeding date and other agronomic factors on infestations of root maggots, delia spp. (diptera: anthomyiidae), in canola. | several agronomic benefits can result from fall seeding of canola (brassica spp.), but extensive research data are lacking on the potential impact of this practice on infestations of root maggots (delia spp.) (diptera: anthomyiidae), which are major pests of the crop in western canada. field experiments making up 13 location by year combinations were conducted in central alberta, canada, from 1998 to 2001 to determine the effect of fall versus spring seeding of canola on root maggot damage. depe ... | 2006 | 17066797 |
| influence of irrigation methods and an adjuvant on the persistence of carbaryl on pakchoi. | influence of irrigation methods and use of an adjuvant on the persistence of the carbaryl (1-naphthyl n-methylcarbamate) on pakchoi [brassica rapa l. subsp. chinensis (rupr.) olsson] was studied using a commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit. after applying carbaryl at a.i. 10.6 g l(-1) with or without an adjuvant (latron b-1956) to leaves, plants were provided water daily by either overhead or basal application. pesticide residue on leaf tissues was examined immediately after pesticid ... | 2013 | 17071867 |
| metabolomic differentiation of brassica rapa following herbivory by different insect instars using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | the metabolic alterations of brassica rapa (l.) leaves attacked by larvae of the specialist plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae) and the generalist spodoptera exigua hubner (lepidoptera: noctuidae) were investigated with nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy, followed by a multivariate data analysis. the principal component analysis (pca) of (1)h nmr spectra showed that metabolic changes in b. rapa leaves induced by the 2nd and the 4th instars were different from each othe ... | 2006 | 17080307 |
| mapping and characterization of flc homologs and qtl analysis of flowering time in brassica oleracea. | the flc gene product is an inhibitor of flowering in arabidopsis. flc homologs in brassica species are thought to control vernalization. we cloned four flc homologs (boflcs) from brassica oleracea. three of these, boflc1, boflc3 and boflc5, have been previously characterized. the fourth novel sequence displayed 98% sequence homology to the previously identified gene boflc4, but also showed 91% homology to brflc2 from brassica rapa. phylogenetic analysis showed that this clone belongs to the flc2 ... | 2007 | 17136371 |
| protective effect of the ethanol extract of the roots of brassica rapa on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in llc-pk1 cells and rats. | a study was conducted to determine whether the ethanol extract of the roots of brassica rapa (ebr) ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of oxidative stress, as characterized by lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ros) production, and glutathione (gsh) depletion in llc-pk1 cells. pretreatment of cells with ebr prevented cisplatin-induced decreases in cell viability and cellular gsh content. the effect of ebr was then investigated in rats given ebr for 14 d before cisplat ... | 2006 | 17142978 |
| behavior of glucosinolates in pickling cruciferous vegetables. | crucifer species, which include widely consumed vegetables, contain glucosinolates as secondary metabolites. cruciferous vegetables are consumed in japan in salt-preserved or pickled form as well as cooked and raw fresh vegetables. in this study, changes in contents of glucosinolates during the pickling process were investigated. 4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate, a major glucosinolate in the root of japanese radish, daikon (raphanus sativus l.), was detected in pickled products with a short ... | 2006 | 17147429 |
| characterization of the centromere and peri-centromere retrotransposons in brassica rapa and their distribution in related brassica species. | we report the identification and characterization of the major repeats in the centromeric and peri-centromeric heterochromatin of brassica rapa. the analysis involved the characterization of 88 629 bacterial artificial chromosomes (bac) end sequences and the complete sequences of two bac clones. we identified centromere-specific retrotransposons of brassica (crb) and various peri-centromere-specific retrotransposons (pcrbr). three copies of the crb were identified in one bac clone as nested inse ... | 2007 | 17156411 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in brassica rapa. | resistance to six known races of black rot in crucifers caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (pammel) dowson is absent or very rare in brassica oleracea (c genome). however, race specific and broad-spectrum resistance (to type strains of all six races) does appear to occur frequently in other brassica genomes including b. rapa (a genome). here, we report the genetics of broad spectrum resistance in the b. rapa chinese cabbage accession b162, using qtl analysis of resistance to races 1 ... | 2007 | 17160671 |
| mitigation using a tandem construct containing a selectively unfit gene precludes establishment of brassica napus transgenes in hybrids and backcrosses with weedy brassica rapa. | transgenic oilseed rape (brassica napus) plants can interbreed with nearby weedy brassica rapa, potentially enhancing the weediness and/or invasiveness of subsequent hybrid offspring. we have previously demonstrated that transgenic mitigation effectively reduces the fitness of the transgenic dwarf and herbicide-resistant b. napus volunteers. we now report the efficacy of such a tandem construct, including a primary herbicide-resistant gene and a dwarfing mitigator gene, to preclude the risks of ... | 2006 | 17177782 |
| variation of glucosinolates in vegetable crops of brassica rapa. | glucosinolate levels in leaves were determined in a collection of 113 varieties of turnip greens (brassica rapa l.) from northwestern spain grown at two sites. sensorial attributes were also assessed by a consumer panel. the objectives were to determine the diversity among varieties in total glucosinolate content and glucosinolate profile and to evaluate their sensory attributes in relation to glucosinolate content for breeding purposes. sixteen glucosinolates were identified, being the aliphati ... | 2007 | 17187832 |
| effects of mercury on visible/near-infrared reflectance spectra of mustard spinach plants (brassica rapa p.). | mustard spinach plants were grown in mercury-spiked and contaminated soils collected in the field under controlled laboratory conditions over a full growth cycle to test if vegetation grown in these soils has discernible characteristics in visible/near-infrared (vnir) spectra. foliar hg concentrations (0.174-3.993ppm) of the mustard spinach plants were positively correlated with hg concentration of soils and varied throughout the growing season. equations relating foliar hg concentration to spec ... | 2007 | 17188786 |
| a survey of the brassica rapa genome by bac-end sequence analysis and comparison with arabidopsis thaliana. | brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (chinese cabbage) is an economically important crop and a model plant for studies on polyploidization and phenotypic evolution. to gain an insight into the structure of the b. rapa genome we analyzed 12,017 bac-end sequences for the presence of transposable elements (tes), ssrs, centromeric satellite repeats and genes, and similarity to the closely related genome of arabidopsis thaliana. tes were estimated to occupy 14% of the genome, with 12.3% of the genome repres ... | 2006 | 17202858 |
| rapid evolution of flowering time by an annual plant in response to a climate fluctuation. | ongoing climate change has affected the ecological dynamics of many species and is expected to impose natural selection on ecologically important traits. droughts and other anticipated changes in precipitation may be particularly potent selective factors, especially in arid regions. here we demonstrate the evolutionary response of an annual plant, brassica rapa, to a recent climate fluctuation resulting in a multiyear drought. ancestral (predrought) genotypes were recovered from stored seed and ... | 2007 | 17220273 |
| characterization of directly transformed weedy brassica rapa and introgressed b. rapa with bt cry1ac and gfp genes. | crop to weed transgene flow, which could result in more competitive weed populations, is an agricultural biosafety concern. crop brassica napus to weedy brassica rapa hybridization has been extensively characterized to better understand the transgene flow and its consequences. in this study, weedy accessions of b. rapa were transformed with bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1ac- and green fluorescence protein (gfp)-coding transgenes using agrobacterium to assess ecological performance of the wild b ... | 2007 | 17333014 |
| a comparison of semiochemically mediated interactions involving specialist and generalist brassica-feeding aphids and the braconid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae. | diaeretiella rapae, a parasitoid that predominately specializes in the parasitism of brassica-feeding aphids, attacks lipaphis erysimi, a specialist feeding aphid of the brassicaceae and other families in the capparales, at a greater rate than the generalist-feeding aphid, myzus persicae. in this study, we investigated the orientation behavior of d. rapae to the volatile chemicals produced when these two aphid species feed on turnip (brassica rapa var rapifera). we showed no significant preferen ... | 2007 | 17333371 |
| actin dynamics in papilla cells of brassica rapa during self- and cross-pollination. | the self-incompatibility system of the plant species brassica is controlled by the s-locus, which contains s-receptor kinase (srk) and s-locus protein11 (sp11). sp11 binding to srk induces srk autophosphorylation and initiates a signaling cascade leading to the rejection of self pollen. however, the mechanism controlling hydration and germination arrest during self-pollination is unclear. in this study, we examined the role of actin, a key cytoskeletal component regulating the transport system f ... | 2007 | 17337527 |
| culture and fusion of pollen protoplasts of brassica oleracea l. var. italica with haploid mesophyll protoplasts of b. rapa l. ssp. pekinensis. | hybrid callus was formed from the successful protoplast fusion between pollen protoplasts of brassica oleracea var. italica and haploid mesophyll protoplasts of brassica rapa. the pollen protoplast isolation frequency in broccoli was highly related to the ratio of trinucleate pollens in the male gametophyte population. large quantities of pollen protoplasts with high vigor could be isolated, and the isolation frequency reached up to 90% in 6.0-7.0 mm long flower buds with about 94.7% trinucleate ... | 2007 | 17370111 |
| [microtubules in epidermal and cortical root cells of brassica rapa during clinorotation]. | using confocal microscopy the organization of tubulin cytoskeleton including endoplasmic and cortical microtubules (cmts) has been studied in epidermal and cortical cells of the different growth zones of main root of brassica rapa l. 6-days-old seedlings in control conditions and under clinorotation. it was shown that changes in cmts orientation occured only in the distal elongation zone (dez). in the control, cmt arrays oriented transversely to the root long axis. under clinorotation appearance ... | 2008 | 17385414 |
| bcmf13, a new reproductive organ-specific gene from brassica rapa. ssp. chinensis, affects pollen development. | a transcript-derived fragment (genbank accession number dn237920.1) accumulated in the wild-type flower buds of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis) was isolated and further investigated. the full length dna and cdna of the fragment were cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends. the gene, bcmf13, encodes a protein of 73 amino acids and is interrupted by an intron of 106 bp (genbank accession number ef158459). southern blot analysis reveale ... | 2008 | 17387632 |
| resistance to white rust in pak choi and chinese cabbage at the cotyledon stage. | the biothrofic pathogen albugo candida (pers.) attacks all the cultivated brassica species and several wild crucifers causing the disease known as white rust. the symptoms consist on the initial appearance of more or less conspicuous white sori on the plant leaves and stems, followed by severe distortions of the affected organs, especially flowers and siliqua. on delicate vegetable types of brassica rapa l., like pak choi (b. rapa var. chinensis l.) and chinese cabbages (b. rapa var. pekinensis ... | 2006 | 17390845 |
| self-compatibility in brassica napus is caused by independent mutations in s-locus genes. | brassica napus is an amphidiploid species with the a genome from brassica rapa and the c genome from brassica oleracea. although b. rapa, b. oleracea and artificially synthesized amphidiploids with the ac genome are self-incompatible, b. napus is self-compatible. six s genotypes were identified in b. napus, five of which had class i s haplotypes from one species and a class ii s haplotype from the other species, and mutations causing self-compatibility were identified in three of these s genotyp ... | 2007 | 17425715 |
| ultraviolet a-specific induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the swollen hypocotyls of turnip (brassica rapa). | ultraviolet a (uv-a)-mediated regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis was investigated in swollen hypocotyls of the red turnip 'tsuda'. the shaded swollen hypocotyls which contained negligible anthocyanin were exposed to artificial light sources including low fluence uv-b, uv-a, blue, red, far-red, red plus uv-a, far-red plus uv-a, and blue plus red. among these lights, only uv-a induced anthocyanin biosynthesis and co-irradiation of red or far-red with uv-a did not affect the extent of uv-a-indu ... | 2007 | 17426056 |
| isolation of circadian-associated genes in brassica rapa by comparative genomics with arabidopsis thaliana. | elucidation of the roles of circadian associated factors requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms, control of flowering time through photoperiodic pathways, and photosensory signal transduction. in arabidopsis, the aprr1 quintet, aprrs 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, are known as central oscillator genes. other plants may share the molecular mechanism underlying the circadian rhythm. to identify and characterize these circadian response genes in brassica crops whose ge ... | 2007 | 17464190 |
| abiotic constraints eclipse biotic resistance in determining invasibility along experimental vernal pool gradients. | effective management of invasive species requires that we understand the mechanisms determining community invasibility. successful invaders must tolerate abiotic conditions and overcome resistance from native species in invaded habitats. biotic resistance to invasions may reflect the diversity, abundance, or identity of species in a community. few studies, however, have examined the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors determining community invasibility. in a greenhouse experiment, ... | 2007 | 17494407 |
| genes encoding pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) proteins are not conserved in location in plant genomes and may be subject to diversifying selection. | the pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) is a degenerate 35 amino acid motif that occurs in multiple tandem copies in members of a recently recognized eukaryotic gene family. most analyzed eukaryotic genomes contain only a small number of ppr genes, but in plants the family is greatly expanded. the factors that underlie the expansion of this gene family in plants are not as yet understood. | 2007 | 17521445 |
| decolorization of direct dyes by salt fractionated turnip proteins enhanced in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and redox mediators. | the present paper demonstrates the effect of salt fractionated turnip (brassica rapa) proteins on the decolorization of direct dyes, used in textile industry, in the presence of various redox mediators. the rate and extent of decolorization of dyes was significantly enhanced by the presence of different types of redox mediators. six out of 10 investigated compounds have shown their potential in enhancing the decolorization of direct dyes. the performance was evaluated at different concentrations ... | 2007 | 17524451 |
| investigation of the origin and transmission of linear mitochondrial plasmid based on phylogenetic analysis in japanese rapeseed varieties. | a linear mitochondrial plasmid is present in some varieties of rapeseed. to elucidate its origin and transmission the author investigated types of mitochondrial genome and the presence of plasmid in 78 rapeseed varieties and landraces in japan and carried out a comparative analysis using the breeding history of japanese rapeseed varieties. the mitochondrial genome of rapeseed was classified roughly into 2 types, type i (nap) and type ii (cam). type ii rapeseed mitochondria closely resembles that ... | 2007 | 17546088 |
| teaching human genetics with mustard: rapid cycling brassica rapa (fast plants type) as a model for human genetics in the classroom laboratory. | we have developed experiments and materials to model human genetics using rapid cycling brassica rapa, also known as fast plants. because of their self-incompatibility for pollination and the genetic diversity within strains, b. rapa can serve as a relevant model for human genetics in teaching laboratory experiments. the experiment presented here is a paternity exclusion project in which a child is born with a known mother but two possible alleged fathers. students use dna markers (microsatellit ... | 2007 | 17548880 |
| cloning of fatty acid elongase1 gene and molecular identification of a and c genome in brassica species. | the fatty acid elongase 1 (fae1) genes of brassic napus were cloned from two cultivars, i.e. zhongshuan no. 9 with low erucic acid content, and zhongyou 821 with high erucic acid content, using the degenerate pcr primers. the sequence analysis showed that there was no intron within the fae1 genes. the fae1 genes from zhongyou 821 contained a coding sequence of 1521 nucleotides, and those cloned from zhongshuan no. 9 contained a 1517 bp coding sequence. alignment of the fae1 sequences from brassi ... | 2007 | 17609891 |
| genomic distribution of simple sequence repeats in brassica rapa. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) represent short tandem duplications found within all eukaryotic organisms. to examine the distribution of ssrs in the genome of brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis, ssrs from different genomic regions representing 17.7 mb of genomic sequence were surveyed. ssrs appear more abundant in non-coding regions (86.6%) than in coding regions (13.4%). comparison of ssr densities in different genomic regions demonstrated that ssr density was greatest within the 5'-flanking regions ... | 2007 | 17646709 |
| the reference genetic linkage map for the multinational brassica rapa genome sequencing project. | we describe the construction of a reference genetic linkage map for the brassica a genome, which will form the backbone for anchoring sequence contigs for the multinational brassica rapa genome sequencing project. seventy-eight doubled haploid lines derived from anther culture of the f(1) of a cross between two diverse chinese cabbage (b. rapa ssp. pekinensis) inbred lines, 'chiifu-401-42' (c) and 'kenshin-402-43' (k) were used to construct the map. the map comprises a total of 556 markers, incl ... | 2007 | 17646962 |
| a ground-based comparison of nutrient delivery technologies originally developed for growing plants in the spaceflight environment. | a ground-based comparison of plant nutrient delivery systems that have been developed for microgravity application was conducted for dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l. 'yecora rojo') and rapid-cycling brassica (brassica rapa l. crgc#1-33) plants. these experiments offer insight into nutrient and oxygen delivery concerns for greenhouse crop production systems. the experiments were completed over a 12-day period to simulate a typical space shuttle-based spaceflight experiment. the plant materials, ... | 2007 | 17654790 |
| detection, introgression and localization of genes conferring specific resistance to leptosphaeria maculans from brassica rapa into b. napus. | blackleg (stem canker) caused by the fungus leptosphaeria maculans is one of the most damaging diseases of oilseed rape (brassica napus). crop relatives represent a valuable source of "new" resistance genes that could be used to diversify cultivar resistance. b. rapa, one of the progenitors of b. napus, is a potential source of new resistance genes. however, most of the accessions are heterozygous so it is impossible to directly detect the plant genes conferring specific resistance due to the co ... | 2007 | 17668174 |
| effect on epidermal cell of soybean protein-degraded products and structural determination of the root hair promoting peptide. | peptide(s) produced from degraded soybean protein by an alkaline protease from bacillus circulans ha12 (degraded soybean-meal products; dsp) increased the number of both the root hair cells (trichoblasts) and hairless cells (atrichoblasts) of brassica rapa by about 4.4 times and 1.9 times, respectively. to identify the root hair-promoting peptide(s) in dsp, the origin protein of the root hair-promoting peptide(s) was identified as kunitz trypsin inhibitor (kti). the root hair-promoting peptide i ... | 2007 | 17671783 |
| bcmf5, a pollen coat protein gene (pcp), from brassica rapa. ssp. chinensis, involved in the transcription of different lengths of 3'-utrs of pcps. | two transcript-derived fragments (genbank accession number dn237907.1 and dn237908.1) with high homology accumulated in the wild-type flower buds of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis makino) are isolated and investigated. by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), the full length cdna of the two fragments were obtained. the alignment of their cdna sequence showed that they are identical except for differences in a few nucleotides and should belong to the same gene, namely, b rass ... | 2008 | 17676432 |
| terminal repeat retrotransposon in miniature (trim) as dna markers in brassica relatives. | we have developed a display system using a unique sequence of terminal repeat retrotransposon in miniature (trim) elements, which were recently identified from gene-rich regions of brassica rapa. the technique, named trim display, is based on modification of the aflp technique using an adapter primer for the restriction fragments of bfai and a primer derived from conserved terminal repeat sequences of trim elements, br1 and br2. trim display using genomic dna produced 50-70 bands ranging from 10 ... | 2007 | 17690909 |
| metabolic characterization of brassica rapa leaves by nmr spectroscopy. | the brassica has been intensively studied due to the nutritional and beneficial effects. however, many species, varieties, and cultivars of this genus and the resulting large metabolic variation have been obstacles for systematic research of the plant. in order to overcome the problems posed by the biological variation, the metabolomic analysis of various cultivars of brassica rapa was performed by nmr spectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis. discriminating metabolites in different ... | 2007 | 17708639 |
| effects of recombination on hitchhiking diversity in the brassica self-incompatibility locus complex. | in self-incompatibility, a number of s haplotypes are maintained by frequency-dependent selection, which results in trans-specific s haplotypes. the region of several kilobases (approximately 40-60 kb) from sp6 to sp2, including self-incompatibility-related genes and some adjacent genes in brassica rapa, has high nucleotide diversity due to the hitchhiking effect, and therefore we call this region the "s-locus complex." recombination in the s-locus complex is considered to be suppressed. we sequ ... | 2007 | 17720932 |
| molecular characterization of two important antifungal proteins isolated by downy mildew infection in non-heading chinese cabbage. | two cdna clones for a pathogen induced genes in non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis l. cv. suzhouqing) were isolated and characterized. the two full-length cdna clones, designated bcchi and bcaf were isolated during the resistance response to peronospora parasitica. sequence analysis of corresponding cdna clones confirmed the translation products of both genes showed high degree of homology to other plant chitinases and plant defensins, respectively. genomic dna southern bl ... | 2008 | 17762976 |
| constraints on the evolution of adaptive plasticity: costs of plasticity to density are expressed in segregating progenies. | phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a genotype to express different phenotypes across environments, is an adaptive strategy expected to evolve in heterogeneous environments. one widely held hypothesis is that the evolutionary benefits of plasticity are reduced by its costs, but when compared with the number of traits tested, the evidence for costs is limited. selection gradients were calculated for traits and trait plasticities to test for costs of plasticity to density in a field study using ... | 2007 | 17822398 |
| cloned cauliflower mosaic virus dna infects turnips (brassica rapa). | cauliflower mosaic virus dna cloned in the sal i site of bacterial plasmid pbr322 infects turnip plants. the cloned viral dna must be excised from the recombinant plasmid to infect, but need not be circularized and ligated in vitro. the cloned viral dna lacks site-specific single-strand breaks found in dna obtained directly from the virus. however, these breaks are reintroduced into the viral genome during multiplication of the virus in the plant host. | 1980 | 17830812 |
| development of srap, snp and multiplexed scar molecular markers for the major seed coat color gene in brassica rapa l. | seed coat color inheritance in b. rapa was studied in f(1), f(2), f(3), and bc(1) progenies from a cross of a canadian brown-seeded variety 'span' and a bangladeshi yellow sarson variety 'bari-6'. a pollen effect was found when the yellow sarson line was used as the maternal parent. seed coat color segregated into brown, yellow-brown and bright yellow classes. segregation was under digenic control where the brown or yellow-brown color was dominant over bright yellow seed coat color. a sequence r ... | 2007 | 17846742 |
| identification and preliminary analysis of a new pcp promoter from brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. | the promoter of brassica campestris male fertile 5 (bcmf5), a pollen coat protein member, class a (pcp-a) gene family, was isolated from brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis makino (chinese cabbage-pak-choi) by thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (tail-pcr). sequence analysis suggested that the 605-bp promoter of bcmf5 appears to be a pollen promoter. in an attempt to confirm the promoter activity of bcmf5 promoter, -609 to +3 bp and -377 to +3 bp fragments of the upstream sequenc ... | 2008 | 17851779 |
| glucosinolate concentration in turnip (brassica rapa ssp. rapifera l.) roots as affected by nitrogen and sulfur supply. | three greenhouse pot experiments were conducted with four different nitrogen (n) treatments (80, 160, 240, and 320 kg ha (-1)) in combination with three sulfur (s) treatments (10, 20, and 60 kg ha (-1)) to study the effects of combined n and s supply on glucosinolate concentration and composition in turnip roots. total glucosinolate concentration varied widely from 9.7 (n 320s 10) to 91.6 (n 160s 60) mg (100 g) (-1) root fresh weight (fw) and individual glucosinolate concentrations were increase ... | 2007 | 17854152 |
| mapping the anthocyaninless (anl) locus in rapid-cycling brassica rapa (rbr) to linkage group r9. | anthocyanins are flavonoid pigments that are responsible for purple coloration in the stems and leaves of a variety of plant species. anthocyaninless (anl) mutants of brassica rapa fail to produce anthocyanin pigments. in rapid-cycling brassica rapa, also known as wisconsin fast plants, the anthocyaninless trait, also called non-purple stem, is widely used as a model recessive trait for teaching genetics. although anthocyanin genes have been mapped in other plants such as arabidopsis thaliana, t ... | 2007 | 17894874 |
| genetic control of broad-spectrum resistance to turnip mosaic virus in brassica rapa (chinese cabbage). | the brassica rapa line rlr22 was resistant to eight diverse turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolates. a b. rapa genetic map based on 213 marker loci segregating in 120 first back-cross (b(1)) individuals was established and aligned with the b. rapa genome reference map using some of the rflp probes. b(1) individuals were self-pollinated to produce b(1)s(1) families. the existence of two loci controlling resistance to tumv isolate cdn 1 was established from contrasting patterns of segregation for resi ... | 2007 | 17947545 |
| late-bolting transgenic chinese cabbage obtained by rna interference technique. | leafy (lfy) gene plays an important role in determining plant flowering mainly by controlling the timing of phase transition. constitutive under-expression of lfy in arabidopsis resulted in the formation of a late-flowering and highly branching phenotype. in this paper, an rnai approach was used in down-regulated lfy gene expression to delay chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis) bolting and flowering. the results show that transgenic plant has a later transition to the reproductive ... | 2007 | 17960044 |
| do escaped transgenes persist in nature? the case of an herbicide resistance transgene in a weedy brassica rapa population. | the existence of transgenic hybrids resulting from transgene escape from genetically modified (gm) crops to wild or weedy relatives is well documented but the fate of the transgene over time in recipient wild species populations is still relatively unknown. this is the first report of the persistence and apparent introgression, i.e. stable incorporation of genes from one differentiated gene pool into another, of an herbicide resistance transgene from brassica napus into the gene pool of its weed ... | 2008 | 17971090 |
| effects of the ethanol extract of the roots of brassica rapa on glucose and lipid metabolism in c57bl/ksj-db/db mice. | the antidiabetic efficacy of turnip (brassica rapa) roots ethanol extract (te) was investigated in type 2 diabetic animals. | 2008 | 17996336 |
| genomic changes in resynthesized brassica napus and their effect on gene expression and phenotype. | many previous studies have provided evidence for genome changes in polyploids, but there are little data on the overall population dynamics of genome change and whether it causes phenotypic variability. we analyzed genetic, epigenetic, gene expression, and phenotypic changes in approximately 50 resynthesized brassica napus lines independently derived by hybridizing double haploids of brassica oleracea and brassica rapa. a previous analysis of the first generation (s0) found that genetic changes ... | 2007 | 18024568 |
| phytoalexins and polar metabolites from the oilseeds canola and rapeseed: differential metabolic responses to the biotroph albugo candida and to abiotic stress. | the metabolites produced in leaves of the oilseeds canola and rapeseed (brassica rapa l.) inoculated with either different races of the biotroph albugo candida or sprayed with cucl(2) were determined. this investigation established consistent phytoalexin (spirobrassinin, cyclobrassinin, and rutalexin) and phytoanticipin (indolyl-3-acetonitrile, arvelexin, caulilexin c, and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin) production in canola and rapeseed in response to both biotic and abiotic elicitation. in addition, ... | 2008 | 18039546 |
| quantitative trait loci for flowering time and morphological traits in multiple populations of brassica rapa. | wide variation for morphological traits exists in brassica rapa and the genetic basis of this morphological variation is largely unknown. here is a report on quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis of flowering time, seed and pod traits, growth-related traits, leaf morphology, and turnip formation in b. rapa using multiple populations. the populations resulted from crosses between the following accessions: rapid cycling, chinese cabbage, yellow sarson, pak choi, and a japanese vegetable turnip va ... | 2007 | 18048374 |
| genome doubling and chromosome elimination with fragment recombination leading to the formation of brassica rapa-type plants with genomic alterations in crosses with orychophragmus violaceus. | in distant hybridization of plants, nonclassical hybrids with unexpected chromosome complements, chromosome elimination, and genetic introgression have been well documented. we obtained intergeneric hybrids between brassica rapa, b. rapa var. chinensis, and another cruciferous species, orychophragmus violaceus, following embryo rescue. hybrids mainly displayed phenotypes of b. rapa, although certain o. violaceus or novel characteristics also appeared. variable numbers of chromosomes were observe ... | 2007 | 18059544 |
| association mapping of leaf traits, flowering time, and phytate content in brassica rapa. | association mapping was used to investigate the genetic basis of variation within brassica rapa, which is an important vegetable and oil crop. we analyzed the variation of phytate and phosphate levels in seeds and leaves and additional developmental and morphological traits in a set of diverse b. rapa accessions and tested association of these traits with aflp markers. the analysis of population structure revealed four subgroups in the population. trait values differed between these subgroups, t ... | 2007 | 18059559 |
| two distinct forms of m-locus protein kinase localize to the plasma membrane and interact directly with s-locus receptor kinase to transduce self-incompatibility signaling in brassica rapa. | many flowering plants possess systems of self-incompatibility (si) to prevent inbreeding. in brassica, si recognition is controlled by the multiallelic gene complex (s-haplotypes) at the s-locus, which encodes both the male determinant s-locus protein 11 (sp11/scr) and the female determinant s-receptor kinase (srk). upon self-pollination, the s-haplotype-specific interaction between the pollen-borne sp11 and the cognate stigmatic srk receptor induces si signaling in the stigmatic papilla cell an ... | 2007 | 18065692 |
| microtubules spatial alterations in root cells of brassica rapa under clinorotation. | organization of tubulin cytoskeleton in epidermis and cortex cells in different root growth zones in brassica rapa l. 6-day-old seedlings under clinorotation has been investigated. it was shown that changes in cortical microtubules orientation occur only in the distal elongation zone. in control, cortical microtubule arrays oriented transversely to the root long axis. whereas under clinorotation an appearance of shorter randomly organized cortical microtubules was observed. simultaneously, a sig ... | 2008 | 18155615 |
| plant induced changes in concentrations of caesium, strontium and uranium in soil solution with reference to major ions and dissolved organic matter. | for a better understanding of the soil-to-plant transfer of radionuclides, their behavior in the soil solution should be elucidated, especially at the interface between plant roots and soil particles, where conditions differ greatly from the bulk soil because of plant activity. this study determined the concentration of stable cs and sr, and u in the soil solution, under plant growing conditions. the leafy vegetable komatsuna (brassica rapa l.) was cultivated for 26 days in pots, where the rhizo ... | 2008 | 18164108 |
| hplc-dad-ms/ms-esi screening of phenolic compounds in pieris brassicae l. reared on brassica rapa var. rapa l. | the phenolic profiles of cabbage white butterfly ( pieris brassicae l.; lepidoptera: pieridae) at different development stages (larvae, exuviae, and butterfly), its excrements, and its host plant brassica rapa var. rapa l. were determined by high performance liquid chromatography- diode-array detector-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry-electrospray ionization (hplc-dad-ms/ms-esi). twenty-five acylated and nonacylated flavonoid glycosides and ferulic and sinapic acids were identified in host pla ... | 2008 | 18173245 |
| effects of stress and phenotypic variation on inbreeding depression in brassica rapa. | stressful environments are often said to increase the expression of inbreeding depression. alternatively, crow's "opportunity for selection" (the squared phenotypic coefficient of variation) sets a limit to how much selection can occur, constraining the magnitude of inbreeding depression. to test these hypotheses, we planted self- and cross-fertilized seeds of brassica rapa into a factorial experiment that varied plant density and saline watering stresses. we then repeated the experiment, reduci ... | 2008 | 18208569 |
| sensitization to turnip rape and oilseed rape in children with atopic dermatitis: a case-control study. | turnip rape and oilseed rape 2s albumins are new allergens in children with atopic dermatitis suspected for food allergy. we recently found that 11% (206/1887) of these children had a positive skin prick test to seeds of oilseed rape (brassica napus) and/or turnip rape (brassica rapa). in the present case-control study we examined how the children with atopic dermatitis sensitized to turnip rape and oilseed rape had been breast-fed and whether they had some common sensitization pattern to certai ... | 2008 | 18221477 |
| hypomethylation and transcriptional reactivation of retrotransposon-like sequences in ddm1 transgenic plants of brassica rapa. | dna methylation and histone modification play important roles in regulating gene expression. the ddm1 gene in arabidopsis thaliana (atddm1) is required for the maintenance of dna methylation level and histone h3 methylation pattern. we isolated ddm1 homologs of brassica rapa, brddm1a and brddm1b, which have 84.4% and 84.1% deduced amino acid sequence identities with atddm1, respectively. both the brddm1a and brddm1b genes were found to be expressed in vegetative and reproductive tissues. b. rapa ... | 2008 | 18236011 |
| quantifying the introgressive hybridisation propensity between transgenic oilseed rape and its wild/weedy relatives. | in order to estimate the introgressive hybridisation propensity (ihp) between genetically modified (gm) oilseed rape (brassica napus) and certain of its cross-compatible wild/weedy relatives at the landscape level, a conceptual approach was developed. a gene flow index was established enclosing the successive steps to successfully achieve introgressive hybridisation: wild/weedy relatives and oilseed rape should co-occur, have overlapping flowering periods, be compatible, produce viable and ferti ... | 2009 | 18253849 |
| mapping qtls for root morphological traits in brassica rapa l. based on aflp and rapd markers. | root growth and thickening plays a key role in the final productivity and even the quality of storage roots in root crops. this study was conducted to identify and map quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting root morphological traits in brassica rapa by using molecular markers. an f2 population was developed from a cross between chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) and turnip (b. rapa ssp. rapifera), which differed greatly in root characters. a genetic map covering 1837.1 cm, with 192 ... | 2008 | 18263966 |
| production and characterization of intertribal somatic hybrids of raphanus sativus and brassica rapa with dye and medicinal plant isatis indigotica. | intertribal somatic hybrids of raphanus sativus (2n = 18, rr) and brassica rapa spp. chinensis (2n = 20, aa) with the dye and medicinal plant isatis indigotica (2n = 14, i i) were firstly obtained by polyethylene glycol-induced symmetric fusions of mesophyll protoplasts. one mature hybrid with r. sativus established in field had intermediate morphology but was totally sterile. it had the expected chromosome number (2n = 32, rri i) and parental chromosomes were distinguished by genomic in situ hy ... | 2008 | 18264711 |
| quantitative trait loci analysis of phytate and phosphate concentrations in seeds and leaves of brassica rapa. | phytate, being the major storage form of phosphorus in plants, is considered to be an anti-nutritional substance for human, because of its ability to complex essential micronutrients. in the present study, we describe the genetic analysis of phytate and phosphate concentrations in brassica rapa using five segregating populations, involving eight parental accessions representing different cultivar groups. a total of 25 quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting phytate and phosphate concentrations i ... | 2008 | 18266904 |
| toxic effects of digested, composted and thermally-dried sewage sludge on three plants. | in order to evaluate potential toxic effects of stabilized sewage sludge that are currently applied to agricultural soils, three types of municipal sewage sludge and one pig slurry were subjected to phytotoxicity assays using three plants (brassica rapa, lolium perenne and trifolium pratense). equivalent batches of aerobically and anaerobically-digested sludge (f) from two municipal wastewater treatment plants, were composted (c) or thermally dried (t). in addition, one anaerobically-digested an ... | 2008 | 18280152 |
| progress in understanding and sequencing the genome of brassica rapa. | brassica rapa, which is closely related to arabidopsis thaliana, is an important crop and a model plant for studying genome evolution via polyploidization. we report the current understanding of the genome structure of b. rapa and efforts for the whole-genome sequencing of the species. the tribe brassicaceae, which comprises ca. 240 species, descended from a common hexaploid ancestor with a basic genome similar to that of arabidopsis. chromosome rearrangements, including fusions and/or fissions, ... | 2008 | 18288250 |
| origin of new brassica types from a single intergeneric hybrid between b. rapa and orychophragmus violaceus by rapid chromosome evolution and introgression. | many novel lines were established from an intergeneric mixoploid between brassica rapa (2n = 20) and orychophragmus violaceus (2n = 24) through successive selections for fertility and viability. pedigrees of individual f(2) plants were advanced to the 10th generation by selfing. their breeding habit was self-compatible and different from the self-incompatibility of their female parent b. rapa, and these lines were reproductively isolated to different degrees from b. rapa and b. napus. the lines ... | 2007 | 18305344 |