Publications

plate assay methods for amino acids. 9. threonine.		1970	5450404
transport of folinate and related compounds in pediococcus cerevisiae.	the properties of folinate and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-ch(3)-h(4)pteglu) transport mechanism of pediococcus cerevisiae were studied. the uptake was dependent on temperature, ph (optimum for both compounds at ph 6.0), and glucose. iodoacetate, potassium fluoride, and sodium azide inhibited the uptake. 5-ch(3)-h(4)-pteglu was apparently not metabolized but folinate was metabolized. metabolism of folinate was reduced by preincubation of cells with fluorodeoxyuridine. the transport system for fo ...	1970	5473888
sugar substrates for l-lysine fermentation by ustilago maydis.	the extracellular production of l-lysine in media with cane sugar, blackstrap molasses, or clarified sugar-cane juice by a previously obtained mutant of ustilago maydis was studied. enzymatically inverted clarified juice (medium j-3) gave 2.9 g of lysine per liter under the following conditions: inoculum, 5%; ph 5.8; temperature, 30 c; k(la) in the fermentors, 0.41 mmoles of o(2) per liter per min; fermentation time, 72 hr. the concentrate, obtained by direct evaporation and drying of the fermen ...	1970	5485081
recognition of aerococcus viridans by the clinical microbiologist.		1970	5507757
symposium on microbial changes in foods. microbiological aspects of production and spoilage of cider.		1971	5564383
[erythemato-papulo-vesiculo-pruriginous parasitic skin diseases of the arms and hands, caused by pediculoides ventricosus].		1967	5601526
aerococcus-like organisms isolated from human infections.	ten strains of gram-positive cocci isolated from patients with endocarditis and other infections, though resembling enterococci, proved to belong to the aerococcus-pediococcus-gaffkya group of bacteria.	1967	5602566
a comparison of the cell walls of pediococcus cerevisiae and of a substrain that requires methicillin fr growth.		1968	5635519
a strain of pediococcus cerevisiae which requires methicillin for growth.		1968	5635524
glycerol ester hydrolase activity of lactic acid bacteria.	seventeen strains of lactic acid bacteria were assayed for their glycerol ester hydrolase activity by using an improved agar-well technique, and eight strains by determining the activity in cell-free extracts using a ph-stat procedure. all cultures tested showed activity and hydrolyzed tributyrin more actively than they did tricaproin. the cell extract studies demonstrated that the cells contained intracellular esterases and lipases. the culture supernatant fluid was without activity. the lipase ...	1968	5649866
lactic acid bacterial fermentation of burong dalag.	the fermented food, burong dalag, prepared in many filipino homes, was studied to determine the nature of the microbiological and chemical changes that occur during fermentation. this is a lactic acid bacterial fermentation in which the species leuconostoc mesenteroides, pediococcus cerevisiae, and lactobacillus plantarum played the major acid-producing role. the ph was lowered to below 4.0, and about 0.9% acid as lactic acid was attained in 1 week. it was essential to keep the product covered w ...	1968	5726145
studies on dihydrofolate reductase related to the drug sensitivity of microbial and neoplastic cells.		1968	5756447
pediococci residing on plants.	the pediococci residing on plants resemble the lactobacilli, but they differ from the streptococci in their limited distribution and low population level on plants. they are a subgroup within the genus pediococcus which grow freely in neutral media and require neither nacl nor co(2). they are most readily recognized by the ability to initiate growth in liquid media, acidified to ph 5.0, which contain 1.5% sodium acetate. in stained preparations the cells occur singly and in pairs, short chains, ...	1969	5788719
[morphology and method of division of pediococcus cerevisiae].		1965	5836677
naturally occurring folates in the blood and liver of the rat.		1965	5850401
on the nitrogen nutrition of silage strains of lactic acid bacteria.		1966	5916750
the redistribution of nitrogen in silage by lactic-acid-producing bacteria.		1966	5916751
chemical characterization of wines fermented with various malo-lactic bacteria.	six malo-lactic strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from california wines and identified as lactobacillus delbrueckii, l. buchneri, l. brevis, leuconostoc citrovorum, and two strains of pediococcus cerevisiae. malo-lactic fermentation was induced in separate lots of wine by inoculation of each lot with one of the strains of bacteria. malo-lactic fermentation had occurred in each inoculated wine within 2 months. the resultant wines were subjected to chemical analysis, including gas chro ...	1966	5927037
[adansonian taxonomy and the relationship of microorganisms in terms of the concepts of similarity value and center species. (2). on the tribe streptococcae of the family coccaceae].		1966	6005767
[microflora of sourdough. 3. studies on lactobacilli occurring in "spontaneous sourdoughs" and their significance for baking techniques].		1966	6013719
malate dehydrogenases. i. a survey of molecular size measured by gel filtration.		1967	6069046
origins of the mycoplasmas: sterol-nonrequiring mycoplasmas evolved from streptococci.	we report the establishment of a phylogenetic relationship between the sterol-nonrequiring mycoplasmas (acholeplasma species) and streptococci. three specific antisera prepared against purified streptococcus faecalis fructose diphosphate aldolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pediococcus cerevisiae glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were used for comparative enzyme immunological studies; the ouchterlony double-diffusion technique and the quantitative microcomplement fixa ...	1982	6176574
plasmid transfer in pediococcus spp.: intergeneric and intrageneric transfer of pip501.	transfer of the broad-host-range resistance plasmid pip501 from streptococcus faecalis to pediococcus pentosaceus and pediococcus acidilactici occurred between cells immobilized on nitrocellulose filters in the presence of dnase. expression of the pip501-linked erythromycin and chloramphenicol resistance determinants was observed in transconjugants. intrageneric transfer of pip501 from a p. pentosaceus donor to various pediococcal recipients occurred at frequencies of 10(-4) to 10(-7) transconju ...	1983	6311098
rapid micromeasurement of lactate in whole blood.	a new lactate sensor makes it possible to measure the lactate content of whole blood directly in less than 1 min, using only a 10-microl blood sample. the procedure works equally well with plasma, serum, spinal fluid, other body fluids, or tissue homogenates. the instrument is calibrated with lactate standards between 0 and 15 mmol/l. the sensor, a polarographic enzyme electrode, gives a current which is a linear function of the lactate concentration. there is no interference from glucose, pyruv ...	1984	6370602
storage of milk powders under adverse conditions. i. losses of lysine and of other essential amino acids as determined by chemical and microbiological methods.	whole-milk powders containing 25 g water/kg were stored for up to 9 weeks in sealed aluminium containers at elevated temperatures. lysine and other essential amino acids were measured by chemical and microbiological methods. storage at 60 degrees resulted in the progressive formation of lactulosyl-lysine. after 9 weeks, 30% of the lysine groups were present in this form. the powders still retained their natural colour and the levels of tryptophan, methionine, cyst(e)ine and leucine remained unch ...	1983	6407520
numerical taxonomy of streptococcus.	a numerical taxonomic study of strains of streptococcus, together with representatives of allied genera, showed 28 reasonably distinct phenons. the major areas, with their phenons, were: (a) enterococcal species group (s. faecalis, s. faecium, 's. avium' and a proposed new species 's. gallinarum'); (b) paraviridans species group (s. bovis, s. equinus, s. salivarius, 's. casseliflavus', s. mutans, s. raffinolactis and an unidentified oral group i); (c) lactic species group (s. lactis including s. ...	1983	6409982
the metabolism of several carboxylic acids by lactic acid bacteria.	the anaerobic metabolism of citrate, fumarate, gluconate, malate, 2-oxoglutarate and pyruvate by 137 strains of 23 species of lactic acid bacteria was investigated. the bacteria were from various sources (plant material, meat and dairy products, dough and wine) and belonged to the genera lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus, and streptococcus. the ability of metabolize the acids was determined by thin layer chromatography or by enzymatic analysis after growth of the strains in a glucose-conta ...	1984	6495871
a numerical taxonomic study of lactic acid bacteria from vacuum-packed beef, pork, lamb and bacon.	a numerical taxonomic study using 79 unit characters has been performed on 100 isolates of lactic acid bacteria from refrigerated vacuum-packed beef, pork, lamb and bacon. three clusters were observed at 78% s which contained all the strains apart from three unidentifiable streptobacteria, one leuconostoc, and one strain of pediococcus pentosaceus. one cluster (iii) consisted of only one strain of leuc. paramesenteroides and six unidentifiable leuconostoc strains. the two largest clusters (i and ...	1984	6706886
chromatography of folates on sephadex g-10.		1980	6768962
inherent limitations to the problem of reducing the lysine microbiological assay time.	a kinetic approach is proposed to shorten the microbiological assay time for the determination of unbound l-lysine. the present lysine bacterial assay takes from 16 to 24 h using pediococcus cerevisiae p-60 atcc 8042 (formerly leuconostoc mesenteroides p-60 atcc 8042) and uses a medium in which lysine is the limiting substance. measurements of the final cell concentration are linearly correlated with the initial concentration of lysine, s, to provide an indirect estimate of s. we propose to unde ...	1981	6792012
the metabolism of folinic acid (leucovorin) following oral and parenteral administration.	serum and urinary distributions of following oral and parenteral administration of leucovorin (3-15 mg) were examined in normal adult volunteers microbiologically using lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecalis and pediococcus cerevisiae as test organisms. by the parenteral route, nearly one-third of the folate in the serum and urine was in the form of folinic acid and the remainder as 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. almost all the folate in serum and urine was in the form of 5-methyltetrahydrof ...	1981	6977022
physiological and enzymatic properties of a thymidine-requiring pediococcus cerevisiae mutant.	we describe the isolation and characterization of a pediococcus cerevisiae thymidine-requiring mutant and its thymidine-independent revertant. the mutant strain lacked thymidylate synthetase activity and had an absolute requirement for low concentrations (2 micrograms/ml) of thymidine in addition to a requirement for n-5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid (folinate). even at high concentrations (up to 500 micrograms/ml), thymine could not replace thymidine. in contrast to its wild-type parent, which gr ...	1982	6978334
method for the lysis of gram-positive, asporogenous bacteria with lysozyme.	a method developed for the lysis of oral streptococci that employed the action of lysozyme suspended in dilute tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-hydrochloride buffer containing polyethylene glycol has been adapted for use with lactobacilli, actinomycetes, propionibacteria, and pediococci. most of the cellular deoxyribonucleic acid was liberated from many strains of bacteria usually thought to be lysozyme resistant. the major observations were as follows: (i) supplementation of the growth medium wi ...	1980	6986847
microflora of murcha: an amylolytic fermentation starter.	murcha is a traditional starter, used commonly in darjeeling hills and sikkim in india to ferment a variety of starchy substrates in order to produce sweet-sour alcoholic beverages, called jnards. murcha cakes are mildly acidic (ph 5.2) and contain 13% w/w moisture and 0.7% w/w ash (dry weight basis). a total of 194 bacterial, 190 yeast and 80 mould strains were isolated from 30 samples of murcha. the counts (cfu/g fresh weight) of micro-organisms in the samples were 2.0 x 10(7) to 4.2 x 10(8) f ...	1995	7476555
biodiversity of lactic acid bacteria from food-related ecosystems.	the diversity of lactic acid bacteria within a variety of food-related ecosystems was assessed and the strain as well as environment specific characteristics were investigated. the strains (108 in toto) were isolated from plant material, traditional fermented foods, dried marine algae, sea food, fungi as well as spoiled foods and beverages, and all were characterized to genus level. lactobacillus strains dominated all ecosystems and contributed to 65% of the isolates while a further 13% consiste ...	1995	7476564
genetic organization of a small cryptic plasmid of helicobacter pylori.	a 2.9-kb cryptic plasmid of helicobacter pylori (hp), phel1, was isolated and the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence was determined. an open reading frame (orf1) was identified encoding a putative polypeptide of 63,709 da, the existence and correct size of which was confirmed by t7 promoter expression analysis. the orf1 sequence showed strong amino-acid sequence identity to a recently identified putative orf1 protein of a cryptic hp plasmid, phpm180, and significant homologies to putative rep pro ...	1995	7489910
in vitro fructooligosaccharide utilization and inhibition of salmonella spp. by selected bacteria.	in vitro experiments were conducted to determine: 1) inhibitory capacities of potential direct-fed microbial bacteria against salmonella serotypes; and 2) the ability of bifidobacterium bifidum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus casei, lactococcus lactis, pediococcus sp., and salmonella spp. to grow in media containing fructooligosaccharides (fos-50 or fos pure formulation) as the only carbohydrate source. thirteen bacteria (two strains of bacillus coagulans, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus s ...	1995	7501585
pediococcus acidilactici ldhd gene: cloning, nucleotide sequence, and transcriptional analysis.	the gene encoding d-lactate dehydrogenase was isolated on a 2.9-kb insert from a library of pediococcus acidilactici dna by complementation for growth under anaerobiosis of an escherichia coli lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate-formate lyase double mutant. the nucleotide sequence of ldhd encodes a protein of 331 amino acids (predicted molecular mass of 37,210 da) which shows similarity to the family of d-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases. the enzyme encoded by the cloned fragment is equally active on ...	1995	7539419
additives containing bacteria and enzymes for alfalfa silage.	first-cutting alfalfa was wilted, harvested from alternate rows, left untreated or treated with additives containing lactic acid bacteria and enzymes (cellulase, amylase, and pectinase), and ensiled in bag silos. inoculation increased lactic acid bacteria from 5 x 10(4) to 1 x 10(6) cfu/g of forage. because treatments were bagged consecutively, the dm of treated silages was higher than that of untreated silage. however, after 4 d of ensiling, the ph of treated silage, about 4.3, was lower than t ...	1995	7540187
the formation of biogenic amines by fermentation organisms.	a total of 523 strains representing 35 species related to food fermentation organisms of practical importance were investigated for their potential for formation of biogenic amines (ba). the investigation was performed with resting cells in phosphate buffer (ph 5.5) and the formation of the following bas was followed: putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine and 2-phenylethylamine. no potential was observed in species of lactococcus, leuconostoc, pediococcus, streptococcus and several lactoba ...	1995	7571871
expression of lactococcin a and pediocin pa-1 in heterologous hosts.	pediocin pa-1 production, immunity and secretion are specified by a cluster of four genes in pediococcus acidilactici pac1.0. the production by, secretion of, and immunity to lactococcin a of lactococcus lactis are also determined by four genes. here, expression of the pediocin operon in lactococcus lactis is reported, which could only be achieved by placing it under control of a lactococcal promoter. expression of the lactococcin a operon in pediococcus is also described: recombinant clones of ...	1995	7576505
in vitro inhibition of helicobacter pylori nctc 11637 by organic acids and lactic acid bacteria.	in this study the effects of both ph and organic acids on helicobacter pylori nctc 11637 were tested. lactobacillus acidophilus, lact. casei, lact. bulgaricus, pediococcus pentosaceus and bifidobacterium bifidus were assayed for their lactic acid production, ph and inhibition of h. pylori growth. a standard antimicrobial plate well diffusion assay was employed to examine inhibitory effects. lactic, acetic and hydrochloric acids demonstrated inhibition of h. pylori growth in a concentration-depen ...	1995	7592140
effect of pediococcus pentosaceus fbb61, pediocin a producer strain, in caecal fermentations.	the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pediocin a in in vitro caecal fermentations. pediococcus pentosaceus fbb61, pediocin a producer (bac+) and its isogenic mutant (bac-) ped. pentosaceus fbb61-2 were added to fermentation vessels. pediocin a did not alter the normal activity of caecal microflora. nevertheless, the presence of pediocin a producer strain reduced proteolysis compared to the mutant strain as indicated by ammonia concentrations (p < 0.05), and isobutyric and ...	1995	7615417
isolation and characterization of pediocin l50, a new bacteriocin from pediococcus acidilactici with a broad inhibitory spectrum.	lactic acid bacteria were isolated from spanish dry-fermented sausages and screened for bacteriocin production. about 10% of the isolates produced antimicrobial substances when grown on solid media, but only 2% produced detectable activity in liquid media. strain l50, identified as pediococcus acidilactici, showed the strongest inhibitory activity and was active against members of all of the gram-positive genera tested. the strain produced a heat-stable bacteriocin when grown at 8 to 32 degrees ...	1995	7618877
inhibitory effect of selected lactic acid bacteria on microflora associated with ready-to-use vegetables.	the addition of selected lactic acid bacteria strains had a remarkable inhibitory effect on the growth dynamics of microflora associated with ready-to-use vegetables, during refrigerated storage. in particular, coliforms and enterococci were strongly reduced or eliminated from the products from the third day of storage. lactobacillus casei strains proved more effective than pediococci. the use of lactic cultures able to produce bacteriocins and to grow at low temperatures could be a useful tool ...	1995	7639993
influence of ph, salt and nitrite on the heme-dependent catalase activity of lactic acid bacteria.	a screening of commercial starter cultures used for the production of dry sausage showed a maximum heme-dependent catalase activity in the range of 60 mumol/l hematin for lactobacillus sake, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus pentosus and pediococcus acidilactici. pseudocatalase activity was not detected. in standard dry sausage production, 2-3% (w/w) nitrite salt (0.6% sodium nitrite per 100 g nacl) is normally added, which corresponds to 4-6% salt in the water phase. in vitro experiments w ...	1994	7703013
effect of three commercial starters on growth of staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxins (a-d) and thermonuclease production in broth.	the growth of four enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus strains was partially inhibited by three commercial starters used in the meat sausage industry when grown in apt broth at 30 degrees c statically. starter sp318 (a mixture of selected strains of lactobacillus sake, pediococcus pentosaceus and staphylococcus xylosus) showed the most inhibitory activity. staphylococcal enterotoxins (a, b, c1 and d) synthesis was totally inhibited by the growth of the three starters, whereas staphylococcal th ...	1994	7703025
pucl287 plasmid from tetragenococcus halophila (pediococcus halophilus) atcc 33315 represents a new theta-type replicon family of lactic acid bacteria.	a cryptic plasmid, pucl287, was isolated from tetragenococcus halophila (pediococcus halophilus) atcc 33315. it had a theta-type mechanism of replication in its natural host. its minimal replicon, rep287, was isolated on a 1.6-kb ecori fragment. the rep287 host range included the genera pediococcus, enterococcus, lactobacillus and leuconostoc but not genus lactococcus. plasmids hybridizing to pucl287 are rare among lactic acid bacteria. as assessed by hybridization, rep287 is dissimilar to pam b ...	1995	7750734
production and stability of pediocin n5p in grape juice medium.	the production and stability of pediocin n5p from pediococcus pentosaceus, isolated from wine, were examined in grape juice medium. maximum growth and higher titre (4000 u ml-1) were observed at a initial ph of 7.5 and 30 degrees c. the activity of the inhibitory substance was stable between ph values from 2.0 to 5.0 at 4 degrees and 30 degrees c. at ph 10.0 it was completely inactivated. when submitted to 30 min at 80 degrees, 100 degrees and 115 degrees c, maximal stability was observed at ph ...	1995	7759379
partial characterization of an rpod-like gene of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ml3 with a polymerase chain reaction-based approach.	with degenerated oligonucleotide primers for conserved regions of bacterial sigma factor proteins, a 117-bp internal dna fragment of an rpod-like gene of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ml3 was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the dna sequence of this pcr product was determined by cycle sequencing, and the deduced amino acid sequence of this internal fragment showed an extensive homology with the known sigma factor sequences from six other microorganisms and present a 13-amino ...	1993	7764136
simple method for extracting plasmid dna from lactic acid bacteria.	rapid screening and large-scale plasmid dna isolation procedures are described for lactic acid bacteria, using glass beads to break cells. the rapid screening procedure allows one to obtain plasmid dna pellets in less than 1 h. this method has been successfully tested on various bacteria from the genera lactococcus, leuconostoc, lactobacillus, pediococcus, streptococcus, enterococcus and propionibacterium. this procedure yields plasmid dna with minor chromosomal and plasmid dna-degraded form con ...	1994	7764702
complete nucleotide sequence of psmb 74, a plasmid encoding the production of pediocin ach in pediococcus acidilactici.	several pediococcus acidilactici strains produce a plasmid-encoded bacteriocin, pediocin ach. previous studies have shown that this plasmid, designated as psmb 74, encodes genes associated with the production of prepediocin, its post-translation processing to pediocin ach, transmembrane translocation of these molecules, and immunity of producer cells against pediocin ach. we report here the complete nucleotide sequence of psmb 74. the plasmid has a total of 8877 bp. four genes have been located ...	1994	7764941
the lysins of bacteriophages infecting lactic acid bacteria.	this short review highlights the complete absence of literature on lysins of bacteriophages infecting species like s. salivarius subsp. thermophilus, pediococcus and leuconostoc species, l. helveticus, l. acidophilus, l. plantarum and l. brevis, which are also widely used in the dairy industry. the lysins described share some similar biochemical characteristics: optimal ph and temperature, site of hydrolysis inside the peptidoglycan, and some activators and inhibitors. the cloning of the genes e ...	1995	7766123
evaluation of three disk tests for identification of enterococci, leuconostocs, and pediococci.	simple rapid tests for presumptive identification of catalase-negative non-beta-hemolytic cocci (i.e., enterococci, leuconostocs, and pediococci) have not previously been available. seven hundred thirty-four strains of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic, catalase-negative, non-beta-hemolytic gram-positive cocci were tested for susceptibility to vancomycin (vans) by a screening procedure and production of leucine aminopeptidase (lapase) and pyrrolidonylarylamidase (pyrase) in disk tests. three u ...	1995	7790454
staphylococcus haemolyticus contains two d-glutamic acid biosynthetic activities, a glutamate racemase and a d-amino acid transaminase.	two d-glutamic acid biosynthetic activities, glutamate racemase and d-amino acid transaminase, have been described previously for bacteria. to date, no bacterial species has been reported to possess both activities. genetic complementation studies using escherichia coli wm335, a d-glutamic acid auxotroph, and cloned chromosomal dna fragments from staphylococcus haemolyticus revealed two distinct dna fragments containing open reading frames which, when present, allowed growth on medium without ex ...	1995	7814322
simple method of purification and sequencing of a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici ul5.	a bacteriocin produced by a strain of pediococcus acidilactici was successfully purified sequentially by acid extraction (at ph 2) and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). cell extracts of derivative strains deficient in bacteriocin production exhibited a similar hplc elution profile to the active extracts except for the two peaks containing bacteriocin activity. the sequence of the antibacterial peptide consisted of 44 amino acid residues of which 42 were identified, and ...	1994	7822227
inhibition of spoilage and food-borne pathogens by lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermenting tef (eragrostis tef) dough.	a study was carried out at the department of biology, addis abeba university, in 1991 to determine the inhibitory potential of fermenting tef and the lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermenting tef dough on salmonella spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella spp., bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus. the test bacteria grew in the fermenting tef uptill 30 hr or till the ph dropped to 4.7. thereafter, growth was inhibited and decreases in population were apparent. the results showed that t ...	1994	7835350
characterisation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from naturally fermented greek dry salami.	a total of 348 lactic acid bacteria isolated from five batches of naturally fermented dry salami at various stages of ripening were characterised. the majority of the strains were assigned to two main phylogenetic groups of species: (i) the psychrotrophic, formerly called atypical, meat streptobacteria (169 strains) and (ii) a new genus weissella (120), which was recently proposed (collins et al., 1993) to include leuconostoc paramesenteroides and some other closely related species. meat strepto ...	1994	7848780
survival and growth of selected pathogens in fermented kocho (ensete ventricosum).	a study was conducted to investigate the antagonistic potential of fermented kocho, aqueous extract of fermented kocho and spent media from lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from it on salmonella sp, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella sp, bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus. fermented kocho (ph 4.3) inhibited growth of the test bacteria soon after their introduction into the food. the spent media from all of the four lab, isolated from fermented kocho, namely pediococcus sp, leuconostoc ...	1994	7867544
udp-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine functions as an activator in the regulation of the escherichia coli glutamate racemase activity.	d-glutamate is an essential component of the bacterial peptidoglycan. in escherichia coli, the biosynthesis of d-glutamate is catalyzed by a glutamate racemase (encoded by the dga gene) and is regulated by udp-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine [doublet et al. (1994) biochemistry 33, 5285], a bacterial peptidoglycan subunit precursor. investigation was conducted to elucidate the interaction between the enzyme and its regulator. whole and n-terminal truncated enzymes, encoded by individual constructs cont ...	1995	7873525
cloning, nucleotide sequence, and transcriptional analysis of the pediococcus acidilactici l-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase gene.	recombinant plasmids containing the pediococcus acidilactici l-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldhl) were isolated by complementing for growth under anaerobiosis of an escherichia coli lactate dehydrogenase-pyruvate formate lyase double mutant. the nucleotide sequence of the ldhl gene predicted a protein of 323 amino acids showing significant similarity with other bacterial l-(+)-lactate dehydrogenases and especially with that of lactobacillus plantarum. the ldhl transcription start points in p. ...	1995	7887607
expression of glr (muri, dga) gene encoding glutamate racemase in escherichia coli.	the muri (dga) gene of escherichia coli is required for the biosynthesis of d-glutamate, an essential component of bacterial peptidoglycan (doublet, p., van heijetnoort, j., and mengin-lecreulx, d. (1992) j. bacteriol. 174, 5772-5779; dougherty, t. j., thanassi, j. a., and pucci, m. j. (1993) j. bacteriol. 175, 111-116), but its gene product has not been identified. we found that the amino acid sequence of protein deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame of muri gene (orf1) ...	1993	7901215
the escherichia coli dga (muri) protein shares biological activity and structural domains with the pediococcus pentosaceus glutamate racemase.	the pediococcus pentosaceus glutamate racemase gene product complemented the d-glutamate auxotrophy of escherichia coli wm335. amino acid sequence analysis of the two proteins revealed 28% identity, primarily in six clusters scattered throughout the sequence. further analyses indicated secondary structure similarities between the two proteins. these data support a recent report that the dga (muri) gene product is a glutamate racemase.	1994	7904596
bacterial glutamate racemase has high sequence similarity with myoglobins and forms an equimolar inactive complex with hemin.	glutamate racemase (ec 5.1.1.3), an enzyme of microbial origin, shows significant sequence homology with mammalian myoglobins, in particular in the regions corresponding to the e and f helices, which constitute the heme binding pocket of myoglobins. glutamate racemase binds tightly an equimolar amount of hemin, leading to loss of racemase activity. although this enzyme shows homology with aspartate racemase, the latter does not bind hemin. the glutamate racemase gene of pediococcus pentosaceus h ...	1994	7937852
analysis of the pediocin ach gene cluster from plasmid psmb74 and its expression in a pediocin-negative pediococcus acidilactici strain.	the 3,500-bp pap operon in the 8,877-bp plasmid psmb74 contains a cluster of four genes, papabcd, of which papa encodes prepediocin (a. m. motlagh, m. bukhtiyarova, and b. ray, lett. appl. microbiol. 18:305-312, 1994). the cluster without the promoter was cloned in the shuttle vector phps9. an escherichia coli strain and a pediocin-sensitive pediococcus acidilactici strain transformed with the recombinant plasmid, pmbr1.0, produced pediocin ach. deletion analysis by introducing mutations in the ...	1994	7944372
[microbiological and clinical studies of vancomycin resistant leuconostoc spp. and pediococcus spp. isolated from septicemia patients].	we described three septicemia cases in which blood cultures yielded gram-positive cocci identified as leuconostoc spp. and pediococcus spp. patients were three male adults aged 63 to 71 years with severe underlying diseases, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer and diabetes mellitus with chronic renal failure. they had fever and chills at the onsets of septicemia with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis, acute pneumonia, and infection complicated with invasion sites of esophageal cancer co ...	1994	7963799
on-line enzymatic amplification by substrate cycling in a dual bioreactor with rotation and amperometric detection.	the amplification approach centered on the cycling of two reversibly interconvertible chemical species sequentially participating in two different enzyme-catalyzed reactions (enzymatic amplification by substrate cycling) has been implemented on-line into a continuous-flow/stopped-flow/continuous-flow operation. the implementation is illustrated with the determination of l-lactate in a dual enzyme reactor containing immobilized lactate oxidase (lod, ec 1.1.3.x) to catalyze the oxidation of l-lact ...	1994	7978271
antimicrobial activity of sulfur dioxide to certain lactic acid bacteria isolated from wines.	this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between ph and the toxicity of sulfur dioxide against homo- and hetero-lactic acid bacteria isolated from american acidic wines. malolactic fermentation was found to be growth-associated in homo- and hetero-lactic strains. the ph of cbb broth had an insignificant effect on the specific death rate of these strains; the concentration of molecular sulfur dioxide had a great effect on the specific death rate and malate degradation. laboratory ...	1993	7982367
pediocin a, a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus pentosaceus fbb61.	pediocin a, a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus pentosaceus fbb61, was purified and partially characterized. the purification was achieved by dialysis against peg 20,000, butanol extraction and electroendosmotic preparative electrophoresis. the protocol led to a 7843-fold increase in the specific activity, with 3.9% activity recovered. sds-page of pediocin a resulted in a single 80 kda protein band. the antimicrobial compound was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and heat (10 min at 100 degrees ...	1994	8012591
purification and partial amino acid sequence of curvaticin fs47, a heat-stable bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus curvatus fs47.	curvaticin fs47, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus curvatus fs47, is inhibitory to listeria monocytogenes, as well as lactobacillus, pediococcus, enterococcus, and bacillus spp. the bacteriocin was purified by 40% ammonium sulfate precipitation, solid-phase extraction, and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. purified curvaticin fs47 was determined to be 4.07 kda by mass spectrometry and was partially sequenced. thirty-one n-terminal amino acids were identified; the curvatic ...	1994	8031103
monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay for pediocins of pediococcus acidilactici.	monoclonal antibody (mab) r2-ar against pediocin rs2 was developed. mice were immunized for 12 weeks with pediocin rs2 conjugated to a polyacrylamide gel. two hybridoma fusions yielded an mab that in western blots (immunoblots) reacted only with pediocins rs2 and ach (3 kda) from pediococcus acidilactici rs2 and h, respectively, and did not react with any other bacteriocin, including sakacin a from lactobacillus sake lb 706, leuconocin lcm1 from leuconostoc carnosum lm1, nisin from lactococcus l ...	1994	8085814
characterization of the lactobacillus helveticus cnrz32 pepc gene.	sequence analysis of the aminopeptidase c gene (pepc) from lactobacillus helveticus cnrz32 identified a 1,332-nucleotide open reading frame coding for a polypeptide with motifs characteristic of cysteine proteinases. homology to the pepc gene appears to be widely distributed among lactic acid bacteria.	1994	8117086
modification of peptidoglycan precursors is a common feature of the low-level vancomycin-resistant vanb-type enterococcus d366 and of the naturally glycopeptide-resistant species lactobacillus casei, pediococcus pentosaceus, leuconostoc mesenteroides, and enterococcus gallinarum.	the biochemical basis for the acquired or natural resistance of various gram-positive organisms to glycopeptides was studied by high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of their peptidoglycan udp-murnac-peptide precursors. in all cases, resistance was correlated with partial or complete replacement of the c-terminal d-ala-d-ala-containing udp-murnac-pentapeptide by a new precursor with a modified c terminus. nuclear magnetic resonance analysis by sequential assignment showed that the new pr ...	1994	8157610
pediococcus pentosaceus catheter-associated infection in an infant with gastroschisis.		1994	8170738
the potential of lactic acid bacteria for the production of safe and wholesome food.	by tradition lactic acid bacteria (lab) are involved in the production of fermented foods. these constitute one quarter of our diet and are characterized by a safe history, certain beneficial health effects, and an extended shelf life when compared with raw materials. the various fermenting substrates are habitats for specific lab that differ in their metabolic potential. the health effects exerted by lab are the following: 1. production of lactic acid and minor amounts of acetic and formic acid ...	1994	8178575
fermentation of fructans by epiphytic lactic acid bacteria.	a total of 712 strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from forage grasses were studied for their ability to ferment fructans of phlein- as well as inulin-type. only 16 strains utilized phlein and eight of these also fermented inulin. they were identified as lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, lact. plantarum, lact. brevis and pediococcus pentosaceus. in the species lact. paracasei subsp. paracasei, all strains gave positive results, whereas the other positive strains possessed unique pro ...	1994	8200866
enzyme confusion.		1993	8222241
fate of listeria monocytogenes and pediococcal starter cultures during the manufacture of chicken summer sausage.	two formulations of chicken summer sausages [100% hand deboned chicken meat (hdcm) and 85% hdcm and 15% chicken hearts (hdcm-ch)] were prepared with a nonpediocin-producing (ped-) pediococcus acidilactici starter culture and inoculated with 10(4) or 10(7) cfu of a five-strain mixture of listeria monocytogenes/g of batter. sausages were fermented to ph 5.0 (11 h), cooked to an internal temperature of 66.5 c, cold-showered, and stored at 4 c (60 days) and 30 c (7 days). for both formulations and i ...	1993	8234138
microflora of the aerobic preservation of directly brined green olives from hojiblanca cultivar.	new procedures for the preservation stage of ripe olives from hojiblanca cultivar were studied. an aerobic fermentative process was used with initial ph correction (0.3% acetic acid) and various nacl concentrations: 6, 3 and 0% (w/v) in tap water. treatments were carried out at industrial level and the spontaneous changes monitored. at initial salt concentrations of 6 and 3% (w/v) nacl, ph rose progressively, reaching 4.3 at equilibrium maintaining during this period a constant free lactic acidi ...	1993	8244900
detection, identification and characterization of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria from retail food products.	forty bacteriocin-producing (bac+) lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated from food samples purchased from retail supermarkets and local farms. of the 40 bac+ isolates, 18 were isolated from 85 food samples by enrichment (21% isolation rate) whereas eight were obtained from 63 samples by direct plating (13% isolation rate). by direct plating, bac+ lab were detected at levels up to 2.4 x 10(5) cfu/g in ready-to-eat meats. the bac+ isolates were identified by carbohydrate fermentation patterns, ...	1993	8257654
pediocin pa-1, a bacteriocin from pediococcus acidilactici pac1.0, forms hydrophilic pores in the cytoplasmic membrane of target cells.	pediocin pa-1 is a bacteriocin which is produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac1.0. we demonstrate that pediocin pa-1 kills sensitive pediococcus cells and acts on the cytoplasmic membrane. in contrast to its lack of impact on immune cells, pediocin pa-1 dissipates the transmembrane electrical potential and inhibits amino acid transport in sensitive cells. pediocin interferes with the uptake of amino acids by cytoplasmic membrane vesicles derived from sensitive cells, while it is less effective ...	1993	8285666
vancomycin binding to cell walls of non-streptococcal vancomycin-resistant bacteria.	the availability of peptidoglycan for binding to vancomycin was investigated in intrinsically vancomycin-resistant clinical isolates of leuconostoc mesenteroides, lactobacillus viridescens and pediococcus pentosaceus. intrinsic vancomycin resistance expressed by l. mesenteroides and p. pentosaceus was the result of poor binding of vancomycin to native or sds-treated cell walls. pre-exposure of l. viridescens to vancomycin decreased the subsequent binding of vancomycin to the cell walls, suggesti ...	1993	8288496
in vitro activity of ramoplanin against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive organisms.	in vitro activity of ramoplanin, a cyclic lipoglycopeptide, against 92 vancomycin-resistant gram-positive organisms was evaluated. ramoplanin demonstrated potent activity against many highly vancomycin-resistant organisms including enterococci (mics for 90% of strains tested of 0.5 micrograms/ml) and against lactobacillus spp., leuconostoc spp., and pediococcus spp., all of which were inhibited at concentrations of < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml. this drug or a derivative compound merits further inve ...	1993	8328787
characterization and frequency distribution of species of lactic acid bacteria involved in the processing of mawè, a fermented maize dough from benin.	lactic acid bacteria involved in the natural fermentation of both home-produced and commercial mawè were investigated during a 72 h fermentation period. lactobacillus spp. constitute the majority (94%) of the strains of the lactic acid bacteria isolated, among which 89% represent the betabacterium group. they include l. fermentum (biotype cellobiosus) (41%), l. fermentum or l. reuteri (19%), l. brevis (26%), l. confusus (less than 2%), l. curvatus (less than 1%) and l. buchneri (less than 1%). o ...	1993	8347427
pharmacokinetics and in vitro studies of l-leucovorin. comparison with the d and d,l-leucovorin.	the active isomer of leucovorin (lv), lv-6s was compared with the racemic form, lv-6r,s and the inactive form, lv-6r.	1993	8353099
characterization of bacteriocins from enterococcus faecium with activity against listeria monocytogenes.	laboratory cultures and environmental isolates of bacteria were screened for antagonism towards listeria monocytogenes using an agar spot test. seven of the 163 strains that were tested, one streptococcus bovis, one enterococcus casseliflavus, two e. avium and three e. faecium, consistently displayed antilisterial activity. cell-free, ph-neutralized supernatants prepared from the three e. faecium strains (jbl1061, jbl1083 and jbl1351) exhibited strong antilisterial activity against l. monocytoge ...	1993	8398626
microbiological and aromatic characteristics of fermented maize doughs for kenkey production in ghana.	a very uniform microflora was demonstrated in 15 samples of fermented maize dough from different larger commercial production sites. at the advanced stage of fermentation, more than 96% of the bacteria present were morphologically and biochemically uniform, obligatively heterofermentative lactobacilli occurring in concentrations about 10(9) cfu/g. yeast occurred in levels of about 10(6) cfu/g, dominated by candida and saccharomyces spp. studies on microbial successions indicated a selection towa ...	1993	8398627
identification of vancomycin-resistant lactic bacteria isolated from humans.	by using cell morphology, arginine dihydrolase, and gas production in de man, sharp, rogosa broth, 122 isolates of vancomycin-resistant lactic bacteria from humans were assigned to five profiles, allowing us to distinguish pediococcus, homofermentative and heterofermentative lactobacillus, and leuconostoc species. the absence of l-(+)-lactic acid, as detected spectrophotometrically, was confirmatory for leuconostoc species. api 50 chl panels were useful for the identification of lactobacillus sp ...	1993	8408575
purification, partial characterization and plasmid-linkage of pediocin sj-1, a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici.	pediococcus acidilactici sj-1, isolated from a naturally-fermented meat product, produced an antibacterial agent active against selected strains of lactobacillus spp., clostridium perfringens and listeria monocytogenes. the agent was bactericidal against sensitive indicators, and sensitive to proteolytic enzymes; it was identified as a bacteriocin, and was designated as pediocin sj-1. it was stable over a wide ph range (3-9), and apparently most stable in the lower part of that range. at ph 3.6, ...	1993	8420920
role of flavin in acetoin production by two bacterial pyruvate oxidases.	escherichia coli pyruvate oxidase (poxec) requires fad both for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetate and co2 and for the formation of acetoin from pyruvate and acetaldehyde. prior work has shown that the catalytic activity (kcat/km) for poxec in the oxidative reaction is stimulated approximately 450-fold by amphiphilic activators. this paper shows that the acetoin reaction does not respond to activation. the fad requirement for acetoin formation can be replaced by 5-deaza-fad and ...	1993	8424670
production and characterization of antibacterial compounds produced by pediococcus damnosus and pediococcus pentosaceus.	the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity exhibited by three pediococcus strains isolated from beer was preliminarily characterized. factors affecting the production rate of bacterial inhibitors were screened and the effects of simultaneous cultivation of lactococcus and pediococcus on the production of inhibitory substances were studied. the antibacterial activity against a range of gram-negative test organisms was not affected by catalase or proteolytic enzymes and was extremely thermotolerant ...	1993	8444642
in vitro activity of rp59500, an injectable streptogramin antibiotic, against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive organisms.	the in vitro activity of rp59500, a streptogramin antibiotic, against 146 clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria was examined. five strains of the species enterococcus casseliflavus and enterococcus gallinarum, for which the mic of vancomycin was 8 micrograms/ml, were also studied. twenty-eight vancomycin-susceptible strains of enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium were included for comparison. the drug was highly active against leuconostoc spp., lactobacillus ...	1993	8460927
[utilization of lactic bacteria in the control of pathogenic microorganisms in food].	the lactic acid bacteria have the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria and the possibility exists of using them to improve the hygienic quality and to extend the shelf-life of different foods. among the many inhibitory substances produced by the lactic acid bacteria, the bacteriocins are of particular interest. it has been the objective of this work to review the bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria from the genera lactococcus, lactobacillus and pediococcu ...	1993	8484916
characterization of bacteriocin produced by pediococcus pentosaceus from wine.	twenty strains of pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from wine were examined for production of bacteriocins. only two of them showed inhibitory activity, ped. pentosaceus n4p against the indicator strains of the same species and n5p against 19 strains of the three genera of lactic acid bacteria from wine. the antimicrobial substance from n5p strains was removed by membrane (0.2 micron) filtration, destroyed by organic solvents and proteolytic enzymes. it was stable for 60 min at 100 degrees c. the ...	1993	8486547
antimicrobial susceptibility of pediococcus spp. and genetic basis of macrolide resistance in pediococcus acidilactici hm3020.	we determined the mics of 28 antimicrobial agents against 36 clinical strains of pediococcus spp. (25 p. acidilactici, 9 p. pentosaceus, and 2 p. urinaeequi strains). penicillin g, imipenem, gentamicin, netilmicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, rifampin, chloramphenicol, daptomycin, and ramoplanin were the most active. all strains of p. acidilactici were susceptible to novobiocin, whereas all isolates of p. pentosaceus were resistant. novobiocin could therefore be helpful for differentiation of the ...	1993	8494376
comparative evaluation of two methods of enumerating enterococci in foods: collaborative study.	two methods of enumerating enterococci in foods were compared in a collaborative study. thirteen laboratories tested four blind duplicate samples containing different levels of enterococci and two negative control samples. freeze-dried mixtures of bacteria were used as simulated food samples. the freeze-dried samples were reconstituted and either spread directly on the surface of slanetz and bartley medium (sb) and incubated at 44 degrees c for 48 h or preincubated in tryptone soya agar at 37 de ...	1993	8494690
alcohol production in submerged cashew pomace.	the variations in the total titratable acidity, hydrogen ion concentration, reducing sugar, soluble solids and alcohol contents of the supernatant of the submerged cashew pomace in a non-aseptic condition were investigated. the crude fibre content of the pomace was also determined during fermentation. at intervals, the changes in microbial load in both the pomace and its supernatant were examined during the 14-day study. fifty four percent of the total soluble solids (tss) was utilised within 7 ...	1993	8506244
influences on the antimicrobial activity of surface-adsorbed nisin.	the efficacy of the antimicrobial peptide nisin was examined after adsorption to silica surfaces. three protocols were used to evaluate nisin's activity against adhered cells of listeria monocytogenes: bioassay using pediococcus pentosaceous fbb 61-2 as the sensitive indicator strain; visualization and enumeration of cells by microscopic image analysis; and viability of adhered cells as determined by lodonitrotetrazolium violet uptake and crystallization. the activity of adsorbed nisin was highl ...	1995	8519481
genetic and biochemical characterization of the lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis bacteriophage ll-h lysin.	ll-h, a virulent phage of lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, produces a peptidoglycan-degrading enzyme, mur, that is effective on l. delbrueckii, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus helveticus, and pediococcus damnosus cell walls. in this study, the ll-h gene mur was cloned into escherichia coli, its nucleotide sequence was determined, and the enzyme produced in e. coli was purified and biochemically characterized. mur was purified 112-fold by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation a ...	1995	8526515
functional analysis of the pediocin operon of pediococcus acidilactici pac1.0: pedb is the immunity protein and pedd is the precursor processing enzyme.	the bacteriocin pediocin pa-1 operon of pediococcus acidilactici pac1.0 encompasses four genes: peda, pedb, pedc and pedd. transcription of the operon results in the formation of two overlapping transcripts, probably originating from a single promoter upstream of peda. the major transcript comprises peda, pedb, and pedc, while a minor transcript encompasses all of these genes and pedd. by deletion analysis and overexpression of pedb in pediococcus pentosaceus we demonstrate that this gene encode ...	1995	8559070