Publications

the inhibitory action of fatty acids on oral bacteria.	saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives were examined for their growth-inhibitory effects towards three selected oral bacteria: porphyromonas gingivalis, selenomonas artemidis, and streptococcus sobrinus. of the 45 compounds surveyed, only one, myristoleic acid, was inhibitory towards s. artemidis at a concentration < 100 micrograms/ml. cis-hexadecenoic and cis-octadecenoic acids were generally inhibitory towards p. gingivalis and s. sobrinus, but there was no correlatio ...	1996	9028262
bacterial adherence to guided tissue regeneration barrier membranes exposed to the oral environment.	microbial colonization of barrier materials used in guided tissue regeneration (gtr) is known to adversely affect treatment outcomes. the purpose of this study was to compare the rate at which 11 commonly-occurring oral bacteria species colonize three different barrier materials (collagen, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and polylactic acid). the study group consisted of 10 systemically healthy individuals with no history of periodontal disease and absence of antimicrobial therapy within the p ...	1997	9058336
the relationship between gingivitis and the serum antibodies to the microbiota associated with periodontal disease in children with down's syndrome.	gingival inflammation in down's syndrome children (ds) develops earlier and is more rapid and extensive than in non-ds children. abnormalities in host response to the oral flora have been proposed as etiological factors of this gingival inflammation. however, the relationship between gingivitis and the host response to oral microorganisms in ds by age has not been determined. the objective of this study was to clarify this relationship. sera were obtained from 75 ds subjects (aged 2 to 18 years) ...	1997	9249633
malate content of forage varieties commonly fed to cattle.	the objective of this study was to determine the concentration of malate in forage varieties at different stages of maturity. five alfalfa varieties (alfagraze, apollo supreme cimarron, crockett, and magnum iii) and three bermudagrass varieties (coastal, tifton-78, and tifton-85) were collected at different stages of maturity. samples were collected from replicate plots (n = 3) of each alfalfa variety at 9, 18, 28, 35, and 42 d of maturity; bermudagrass hay samples were composited from six bales ...	1997	9276804
effects of a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on ruminal bacteria that utilize lactate and digest cellulose.	the objective of this study was to determine the effects of a yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture on lactate utilization and cellulose digestion by ruminal bacteria. growth of selenomonas ruminantium hd4 in medium that contained 5 g/l of dl-lactate, trypticase, and yeast extract was stimulated 7 and 15% by 1 and 5% (vol/vol) yeast culture filtrate respectively. the 1 and 5% yeast culture filtrate stimulated growth of selenomonas ruminantium h18 and megasphaera elsdenii b159 and t81 on 5 g/l ...	1997	9313145
chemical and biological properties of lipopolysaccharide from selenomonas sputigena atcc 33150.	chemical and biological studies were performed on lipopolysaccharide isolated from selenomonas sputigena atcc 33150t, a possible causative agent of periodontal diseases. the sugar components of the lipopolysaccharide of s. sputigena were mannose, galactose, glucose, l-glycero-d-mannoheptose (heptose), 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonic acid, glucosamine and galactosamine in a molar ratio of 0.3:1.0:1.0:1.0:0.2:3.0:3.2 (mol/mol heptose). sephadex g-50 chromatography of the polysaccharide portion of the lipop ...	1997	9467402
factors affecting lactate and malate utilization by selenomonas ruminantium.	lactate utilization by selenomonas ruminantium is stimulated in the presence of malate. because little information is available describing lactate-plus-malate utilization by this organism, the objective of this study was to evaluate factors affecting utilization of these two organic acids by two strains of s. ruminantium. when s. ruminantium hd4 and h18 were grown in batch culture on dl-lactate and dl-malate, both strains coutilized both organic acids for the initial 20 to 24 h of incubation and ...	1997	9471965
microbiota of health, gingivitis, and initial periodontitis.	this study compared the subgingival microbiota in periodontal health, gingivitis and initial periodontitis using predominant culture and a dna probe, checkerboard hybridization method. 56 healthy adult subjects with minimal periodontal attachment loss were clinically monitored at 3-month intervals for 12 months. more sites demonstrated small increments of attachment loss than attachment gain over the monitoring period. sites, from 17 subjects, showing > or = 1.5 mm periodontal attachment loss du ...	1998	9495607
microbial complexes in subgingival plaque.	it has been recognized for some time that bacterial species exist in complexes in subgingival plaque. the purpose of the present investigation was to attempt to define such communities using data from large numbers of plaque samples and different clustering and ordination techniques. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth in 185 subjects (mean age 51 +/- 16 years) with (n = 160) or without (n = 25) periodontitis. the presence and levels of 40 subgingival taxa ...	1998	9495612
xylooligosaccharide utilization by the ruminal anaerobic bacterium selenomonas ruminantium.	fermentation of xylooligosaccharides by 11 strains of selenomonas ruminantium was examined. xylooligosaccharides were prepared by the partial hydrolysis of oat spelt xylan in dilute phosphoric acid (50 mm, 121 degrees c, 15 min) and were added to a complex, yeast extract-trypticase-containing medium. strains of s. ruminantium varied considerably in their capacity to ferment xylooligosaccharides. strains ga192, ga31, h18, and d used arabinose, xylose, and the oligosaccharides xylobiose through xy ...	1998	9504982
large plasmids in ruminal strains of selenomonas ruminantium.	the plasmid content of six different isolates of selenomonas ruminantium from the rumen of sheep, cows or goats was examined by electron microscopy. in addition to small plasmids (< 12 kb) studied previously, all six strains contained at least one plasmid larger than 20 kb. plasmid sizes of 1.4, 2.1, 2.4, 5.0, 6.2, 20.4, 20.8, 22.7, 23.3, 29.3, 30.7, 34.4 and 42.6 kb were estimated from contour length measurements. dna-dna hybridization experiments revealed homology among the large plasmids from ...	1998	9633087
phytase activity of anaerobic ruminal bacteria.	phytase catalyses the release of phosphate from phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate), the predominant form of phosphorus in cereal grains, oilseeds and legumes. the presence of phytase activity was investigated in 334 strains of 22 species of obligately anaerobic ruminal bacteria. measurable activities were demonstrated in strains of selenomonas ruminantium, megasphaera elsdenii, prevotella ruminicola, mitsuokella multiacidus and treponema spp. strains isolated from fermentations with cereal ...	1998	9639927
subgingival microbiota in healthy, well-maintained elder and periodontitis subjects.	this investigation compared the site prevalence of 40 subgingival species in 30 periodontally healthy (mean age 36+/-9 years), 35 elders with a well-maintained periodontium (mean age 77+/-5) and 138 adult periodontitis subjects (mean age 46+/-11). subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth (up to 28 samples) in the 203 subjects at baseline. the presence and levels of 40 subgingival taxa were determined in 5003 plaque samples using whole genomic dna probes and chec ...	1998	9650869
subgingival microflora associated with nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth.	the purpose of this study was to examine the composition of subgingival plaque of 140 periodontal lesions in 35 patients with cardiovascular disorders who were administered nifedipine and manifested nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth (go). age was inversely associated with the go. plaque index and bleeding index showed a significant association with go, while nifedipine dosage and duration of nifedipine therapy were not found to be significant predictors of go. the gingival inflammation as e ...	1998	9660335
effect of aspergillus oryzae extract alone or in combination with antimicrobial compounds on ruminal bacteria.	the effect of an aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract on the growth rates of pure cultures of ruminal bacteria was determined. bacteria were grown in an anaerobic ruminal fluid and carbohydrate medium. a sterile filtrate made with 10% a. oryzae was added to the medium at 2 or 5% (vol/vol) to provide a final a. oryzae concentration of 2 or 5 mg/ml, respectively. the filtrate had no effect on the growth rates of 10 of the 19 ruminal bacteria tested; however, the filtrate increased the growth ra ...	1998	9684165
de novo synthesis of amino acids by the ruminal bacteria prevotella bryantii b14, selenomonas ruminantium hd4, and streptococcus bovis es1.	the influence of peptides and amino acids on ammonia assimilation and de novo synthesis of amino acids by three predominant noncellulolytic species of ruminal bacteria, prevotella bryantii b14, selenomonas ruminantium hd4, and streptococcus bovis es1, was determined by growing these bacteria in media containing 15nh4cl and various additions of pancreatic hydrolysates of casein (peptides) or amino acids. the proportion of cell n and amino acids formed de novo decreased as the concentration of pep ...	1998	9687438
strategies that ruminal bacteria use to handle excess carbohydrate.	when ruminal bacteria have insufficient nitrogen and other nutrients, excess carbohydrate can be toxic. pure cultures that are nitrogen-limited can convert only some of the excess carbohydrate to intracellular polysaccharide, but this pool can be quickly saturated. fibrobacter succinogenes cultures that have excess cellobiose secrete glucose and cellotriose into the culture medium, and prevotella ruminicola produces methylglyoxal, a highly toxic substance that causes a dramatic decrease in viabi ...	1998	9690652
lysogenic bacteriophage m1 from selenomonas ruminantium: isolation, characterization and dna sequence analysis of the integration site.	bacteriophage m1 from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium strain ml12 comprises a 30 nm icosahedral capsid, a 25 nm tail and 48 kb of linear dsdna with cohesive ends. a restriction map of the phage genome has been constructed. the presence of bacteriophage m1 in the rumen has been demonstrated by pcr amplification and southern blot analysis of dna from rumen bacterial samples obtained from ten different sheep. lysogeny was demonstrated by hybridization of m1 dna to host chromosomal dna ...	1998	9720041
subgingival microbial profile of papillon-lefèvre patients assessed by dna-probes.	the prevalence of 18 selected bacterial species was assessed by means of "checkerboard" dna-dna hybridisation in a group of 12 saudi-arabian adolescents with papillon-lefèvre syndrome. a total of 36 tooth sites were investigated. the patients exhibited severe periodontal disease with deep pockets. all 12 patients harboured the putative bacterial pathogens p. intermedia, f. nucleatum, p. micros and s. intermedius while t. denticola, b. forsythus, p. nigrescens, e. corrodens, s. noxia and c. rectu ...	1998	9722266
selenomonas lipolytica sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic bacterium possessing lipolytic activity.	a novel, oligately anaerobic bacterium capable of hydrolysing lipids was isolated from a tropical anaerobic lagoon receiving waste water from an edible oil mill. the isolate had many characteristics similar to those of members of the genus selenomonas. the isolate showed lipolytic activity on tributyrin, triolein and groundnut oil in qualitative plate clearance assays, which has not been reported for the type strain of the genus selenomonas. it did not require n-valerate supplementation for grow ...	1998	9734032
identification and analyses of periodontal pathogens in taiwan by microbiological tests.	the purpose of this study was to use microbiological tests for diagnosis of periodontal diseases in taiwan. anaerobic culture, direct microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence (if), and biochemical tests were used to examine 336 samples for the specific microorganisms in subgingival plaque. the results indicated that gram-negative species and motile bacteria were less frequently detected, and in lower proportion, in samples from healthy sites. the bacteria found frequently in healthy group were th ...	1994	9747334
two restriction endonucleases in selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica.	crude protein extract from a recently isolated ruminal bacterium identified as selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica specifically cleaved dna. this ability was due to the presence of two site-specific restriction endonucleases. sr/i, a naei schizomer, recognizes the 5'-gccggc-3' sequence. sr/ii, a nsii schizomer, recognizes 5'-atgcat-3'.	1998	9750328
detection of n6-methyladenine in gatc sequences of selenomonas ruminantium.	the presence of n6-methyladenine in gatc sequences in dna of selenomonas ruminantium was investigated using sensitive methylation discriminating isochizomeric restriction enzymes analysis. methylated adenine was detected in 8 out of 18 tested strains belonging to the subsp. lactilytica of s. ruminantium. no corresponding restriction activity was detected in three tested strains. no gatc methylation was detected in 3 analysed s. ruminantium subsp. ruminantium strains. sustainable progress was ach ...	1998	9791949
microbiological findings in prepubertal periodontitis. a case report.	generalized pre-pubertal periodontitis (gpp) is a rare entity that usually affects children with severe systemic diseases. we report the case of a 7-year-old male patient diagnosed with gpp, with no apparent systemic condition, who lost all his primary teeth to periodontal disease. before extractions, while he was still in mixed dentition the subgingival plaque was collected and analyzed using dna probes to 40 different microorganisms. putative periodontopathogens such as prevotella intermedia, ...	1998	9802719
effects of laidlomycin propionate and monensin on glucose utilization and nutrient transport by streptococcus bovis and selenomonas ruminantium.	the objective of this study was to compare the effects of laidlomycin propionate and monensin on cell growth, glucose fermentation, and glucose uptake in streptococcus bovis strain jb1 and selenomonas ruminantium strain hd4. experiments were also conducted to compare the effects of both ionophores on sodium-dependent serine transport and cell yield in s. bovis. batch cultures (500 ml) of each bacterium were grown on 3.6 g/l d-glucose in semidefined medium and treated with either 5 ppm monensin o ...	1998	9814916
tannin-tolerant ruminal bacteria from east african ruminants.	three strains of tannin-tolerant rumen bacteria were isolated from enrichment cultures of rumen microflora of sheep, goat, and antelope and established in medium containing high concentrations of crude tannin extract or tannic acid. these three strains (eat2, es3, and eg19), characterized as selenomonas species, were curved rods, obligately anaerobic, gram negative, highly motile, and grew in media containing 50 g of tannin extract/l and 50-70 g of tannic acid/l. strain eat2 was able to hydrolyz ...	1998	9851029
sequence analysis of small cryptic plasmids isolated from selenomonas ruminantium s20.	two small cryptic plasmids designated pone429 and pone430 were isolated from a rumen bacterium, selenomonas ruminantium s20. the complete sequence of pone429 was 2100 bp and contained one open reading frame (orf) of 201 amino acids. the sequence of pone430 had 1527 bp and one orf of 171 amino acids with the similarity of replication protein (rep protein) of pom1, psn2, and pim13 isolated from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, staphylococcus aureus, and bacillus subtilis, respectively. in these plasmids ...	1999	9871109
manipulation of ruminal fermentation with organic acids: a review.	the dicarboxylic acids aspartate, fumarate, and malate stimulate lactate utilization by the predominant ruminal bacterium, selenomonas ruminantium. malate stimulates lactate uptake by s. ruminantium more than does aspartate or fumarate, and it seems that malate and sodium are involved in stimulating lactate utilization by this bacterium. based on the ability of s. ruminantium to grow on malate in the presence of extracellular hydrogen and produce succinate, malate may be acting as an electron si ...	1998	9928618
clinical and microbiological characteristics of smokers with early onset periodontitis.	cigarette smoking is a potential risk factor which has recently been associated with periodontal disease progression. the objective of this study was to compare the microbial profile of smokers and non-smokers in a group of patients with early onset periodontitis. the study population consisted of 60 healthy individuals, 40 males and 20 females aged 22 to 35 yr, exhibiting early onset periodontitis. thirty patients were smokers (30.9 cigarettes/d) and 30 non-smokers. smokers had a higher proport ...	1999	10086883
microbiota of successful osseointegrated dental implants.	the long-term survival of dental implants depends, in part, on control of bacterial infection in the peri-implant region. periodontal pathogens colonized implants symptomatic through infection, whereas the microbiota of successful implants was similar to that of periodontal health. this study examined the impact on the peri-implant microbiota of crown restorations; implant type; length of time of loading; history of implant or periodontal infections; and whether implants replaced single or multi ...	1999	10102550
gc-ms analysis of diaminopimelic acid stereoisomers and amino acid enantiomers in rumen bacteria.	the amounts and the configuration of the stereoisomers of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (dap) and the enantiomeric content of other amino acids were determined in five individual species (fibrobacter succinogenes, streptococcus bovis, selenomonas ruminantium, prevotella ruminicola and anaerovibrio lipolytica) of rumen bacteria, and in samples of mixed rumen bacteria isolated from sheep. the separation and quantification of the dap stereoisomers was achieved by gas chromatography (gc) of trifluoroacety ...	1999	10191943
effect of the addition of fumarate on methane production by ruminal microorganisms in vitro.	the effect of fumarate used as a feed additive on the reduction of methanogenesis in the rumen was evaluated by in vitro experiments. the addition of fumarate to the culture of mixed ruminal microorganisms that were fermenting hay powder and concentrate reduced methane production. most fumarate was metabolized to propionate, and a slight increase was noted in other volatile fatty acids. fumarate was utilized by mixed bacteria but not by mixed protozoa. fibrobacter succinogenes, selenomonas rumin ...	1999	10212465
complete nucleotide sequence of a cryptic plasmid from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium hd4 and identification of two predicted open reading frames.	a cryptic plasmid (psr1) isolated from selenomonas ruminantium hd4 was previously cloned into the hindiii site of pbr322 and a restriction map was constructed using hindiii, clai, bamhi, and pvuii (s. a. martin and r. g. dean, appl. environ. microbiol. 55(12), 3035-3038, 1989). analysis of the nucleotide sequence of psr1 revealed two major open reading frames (orfs) located in the minus strand at different frames. analysis of orf-1 revealed that it has 325 amino acids with a predicted mw of 36,5 ...	1999	10413665
phylogenetic relationships of three amino-acid-utilizing anaerobes, selenomonas acidaminovorans, 'selenomonas acidaminophila' and eubacterium acidaminophilum, as inferred from partial 16s rdna nucleotide sequences and proposal of thermanaerovibrio acidaminovorans gen. nov., comb. nov. and anaeromusa acidaminophila gen. nov., comb. nov.	16s rrna gene sequences of three previously described amino-acid-fermenting anaerobes, selenomonas acidaminovorans, 'selenomonas acidaminophila' and eubacterium acidaminophilum, were determined. all three were found to cluster within the clostridium and related genera of the subphylum of the gram-positive bacteria. the thermophile, s. acidaminovorans, formed an individual line of descent and was equidistantly placed between dethiosulfovibrio peptidovorans and anaerobaculum thermoterrenum (simila ...	1999	10425752
aminomonas paucivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a mesophilic, anaerobic, amino-acid-utilizing bacterium.	a novel, asaccharolytic, amino-acid-degrading bacterium, designated strain glu-3t, was isolated from an anaerobic lagoon of a dairy wastewater treatment plant. strain glu-3t stained gram-negative and was an obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, slightly curved, rod-shaped bacterium (0.3 x 4.0-6.0 microns) which existed singly or in pairs. the dna g+c content was 43 mol%. optimum growth occurred at 35 degrees c and ph 7.5 on arginine with a generation time of 16 h. good growth was obtained on ...	1999	10425753
novel characteristics of selenomonas ruminantium lysine decarboxylase capable of decarboxylating both l-lysine and l-ornithine.	lysine decarboxylase (ldc; ec 4.1.1.18) of selenomonas ruminantium is a constitutive enzyme and is involved in the synthesis of cadaverine, which is an essential constituent of the peptidoglycan for normal cell growth. we purified the s. ruminantium ldc by an improved method including hydrophobic chromatography and studied the fine characteristics of the enzyme. kinetic study of ldc showed that s. ruminantium ldc decarboxylated both l-lysine and l-ornithine with similar km and the decarboxylase ...	1999	10427692
phylogenetic characterization of centipeda periodontii, selenomonas sputigena and selenomonas species by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis.	the nearly complete 16s rrna gene sequences for oral gram-negative anaerobic motile bacteria, centipeda periodontii, selenomonas sputigena and selenomonas species (formerly s. sputigena type strain), were determined in order to unveil their relationship to other oral motile bacteria. to determine the phylogenetic characterization of these bacteria, their 16s rrna gene sequences were obtained and compared with those from the ribosomal sequence databases previously reported. the 16s rrna gene sequ ...	1999	10464949
the ability of "low g + c gram-positive" ruminal bacteria to resist monensin and counteract potassium depletion.	gram-negative ruminal bacteria with an outer membrane are generally more resistant to the feed additive, monensin, than gram-positive species, but some bacteria can adapt and increase their resistance. 16s rrna sequencing indicates that a variety of ruminal bacteria are found in the "low g + c gram-positive group," but some of these bacteria are monensin resistant and were previously described as gram-negative species (e.g., selenomonas ruminantium and megasphaera elsdenii). the activity of mone ...	1999	10486059
epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies specific for the directly cross-linked mesodiaminopimelic acid peptidoglycan found in the anaerobic beer spoilage bacterium pectinatus cerevisiiphilus.	nineteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were isolated based on reactivity with disrupted pectinatus cerevisiiphilus cells. all of the mabs reacted with cells from which the outer membrane had been stripped by incubation with sodium dodecyl sulphate, suggesting the peptidoglycan (pg) layer was involved in binding. mab reactivity with purified pg confirmed this. epitope mapping revealed the mabs in total recognize four binding sites on the pg. mabs specific for each of the four sites also bound stro ...	1999	10526402
a re-evaluation of the taxonomy of the genus anaerovibrio, with the reclassification of anaerovibrio glycerini as anaerosinus glycerini gen. nov., comb. nov., and anaerovibrio burkinabensis as anaeroarcus burkinensis [corrig.] gen. nov., comb. nov.	chemotaxonomic, electron microscopic and 16s rrna gene sequence analyses of the three described species of the genus anaerovibrio demonstrated only remote similarities to each other. the 16s rrna gene sequence similarities between anaerovibrio lipolytica, anaerovibrio glycerini and anaerovibrio burkinabensis and the derived phylogenetic relationships of the three species studied fell below genus level. all three species clustered within the sporomusa-pectinatus-selenomonas phyletic group. each s ...	1999	10555370
a novel staining method for detecting phytase activity.	differential agar media for the detection of microbial phytase activity use the disappearance of precipitated calcium or sodium phytate as an indication of enzyme activity. when this technique was applied to the study of ruminal bacteria, it became apparent that the method was unable to differentiate between phytase activity and acid production. strong positive reactions (zones of clearing around microbial colonies) observed for acid producing, anaerobic bacteria, such as streptococcus bovis, we ...	1999	10579503
molecular analysis of the microbial diversity present in the colonic wall, colonic lumen, and cecal lumen of a pig.	random clones of 16s ribosomal dna gene sequences were isolated after pcr amplification with eubacterial primers from total genomic dna recovered from samples of the colonic lumen, colonic wall, and cecal lumen from a pig. sequences were also obtained for cultures isolated anaerobically from the same colonic-wall sample. phylogenetic analysis showed that many sequences were related to those of lactobacillus or streptococcus spp. or fell into clusters ix, xiva, and xi of gram-positive bacteria. i ...	1999	10583991
identification of the amino acid residues conferring substrate specificity upon selenomonas ruminantium lysine decarboxylase.	lysine decarboxylase (ldc, ec 4.1.1.18) from selenomonas ruminantium has decarboxylating activities towards both l-lysine and l-ornithine with similar k(m) and vmax. here, we identified four amino acid residues that confer substrate specificity upon s. ruminantium ldc and that are located in its catalytic domain. we have succeeded in converting s. ruminantium ldc to an enzyme with a preference in decarboxylating activity for l-ornithine when the four-residue of ldc were replaced by the correspon ...	1999	10586514
16s-23s rdna spacer of pectinatus, selenomonas and zymophilus reveal new phylogenetic relationships between these genera.	the 16s-23s rdna spacer regions of two pectinatus species, two zymophilus species and one selenomonas species were cloned after pcr amplification. the results of pcr amplification showed that these species had two types of spacer regions which differ in molecular size (long and short). only the long spacer regions in these bacteria contained one or two trna genes (alanine and/or isoleucine). the spacer regions in these bacteria had a relatively high level of homology. homology was particularly h ...	2000	10758900
characterization of a major envelope protein from the rumen anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium ob268.	cell envelopes from the gram-negative staining but phylogenetically gram-positive rumen anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium ob268 contained a major 42 kda heat modifiable protein. a similarly sized protein was present in the envelopes of selenomonas ruminantium d1 and selenomonas infelix. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of triton x-100 extracted cell envelopes from s. ruminantium ob268 showed that they consisted primarily of the 42 kda protein. polyclonal antisera produced ...	2000	10779865
localization of phytase in selenomonas ruminantium and mitsuokella multiacidus by transmission electron microscopy.	the localization of phytase (myo-inositol-hexaphosphate phosphohydrolase) in the ruminal bacteria, selenomonas ruminantium jy35 and mitsuokella multiacidus 46/5(2), was determined with transmission electron microscopy. phosphate produced from the enzymatic dephosphorylation of the calcium salt of phytic acid is precipitated as calcium phosphate. the calcium is then replaced with lead to produce electron-dense lead phosphate. this deposition of lead phosphate localized phytase in s. ruminantium j ...	2000	10779878
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with primary dentition.	eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. the aim of the study was to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of primary incisors, canines and molars in 40 systemically healthy children aged 4-5 yr, chosen randomly. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of primary incisors (61, 81), canines (53, 73) and molars (64, 84). the samples were cultured for bacterial isolat ...	2000	10791707
effect of steroidal saponin from yucca schidigera extract on ruminal microbes.	the effects of steroidal saponins (sap) isolated from yucca schidigera extract on ruminal bacteria and fungi were investigated in pure culture studies. prevotella bryantii, ruminobacter amylophilus, selenomonas ruminantium and streptococcus bovis were cultured through ten 24-h transfers in ruminal fluid medium containing 0 or 25 microg sap ml-1 (measured as smilagenin equivalents). the four strains, each non-exposed or pre-exposed to sap, were then inoculated into medium containing 0 or 250 micr ...	2000	10792550
reclassification of clostridium quercicolum as dendrosporobacter quercicolus gen. nov., comb. nov.	morphological features, genomic dna base composition and 16s rdna sequence similarities, as well as a distinct phospholipid pattern, whole-cell fatty acid distribution and the occurrence of the lipoquinone 'lipid f', indicate that clostridium quercicolum belongs to the sporomusa-pectinatus-selenomonas phyletic group and possesses only a remote relationship to members of the genus clostridium sensu stricto. on the basis of these results, the new genus and combination dendrosporobacter quercicolus ...	2000	10826792
development of 16s rdna-based pcr assay for detecting centipeda periodontii and selenomonas sputigena.	to detect oral motile bacteria directly from dental plaque, specific pcr primers for centipeda periodontii and selenomonas sputigena were designed based on the sequence analysis of their 16s rdna. the primers were specific and sensitive enough to amplify dna fragments from the available oral bacteria. the detection limit was fewer than 10 bacterial cells per sample. it was also possible to detect these bacteria in dental plaque. the prevalence of these bacteria varied in each sample. the specifi ...	2000	10849269
necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis.	in patients with no known systemic disease or immune dysfunction, necrotizing periodontitis (nup) appears to share many of the clinical and etiologic characteristics of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (nug) except that patients with nup demonstrate loss of clinical attachment and alveolar bone at affected sites. in these patients, nup may be a sequela of a single or multiple episodes of nug or may be the result of the occurrence of necrotizing disease at a previously periodontitis-affected sit ...	1999	10863377
highly conserved dna sequence present in small plasmids from selenomonas ruminantium.	plasmid pjw1 from selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica strain jw13 has been cloned in escherichia coli vector pbluescriptsk(-) and completely sequenced. the plasmid is only 1410 bp with an overall gc content of 42.2%. computer analysis of sequence data revealed a single open reading frame (orf1, 146 amino acids, mw 16,525.5 da) encoding a putative replication protein which is similar to the rep protein of ruminobacter amylophilus plasmid prao1. orf1 is followed by a long at-rich (75%) regi ...	2000	10873531
serum igg reactivity to subgingival bacteria in initial periodontitis, gingivitis and healthy subjects.	established periodontal diseases may be associated with antibody responses to periodontal pathogens, but it is not known at which stage of disease this antibody response is initiated. this study aimed to characterize the host systemic response in initial periodontitis, gingivitis, and periodontal health, to evaluate whether elevated serum antibodies to subgingival species could be detected in initial periodontitis.	2000	10914887
deoxyribonuclease activity in selenomonas ruminantium, streptococcus bovis, and bacteroides ovatus.	six selenomonas ruminantium strains (132c, jw13, srk1, 179f, 5521c1, and 5934e), streptococcus bovis jb1, and bacteroides ovatus v975 were examined for nuclease activity as well as the ability to utilize nucleic acids, ribose, and 2-deoxyribose. nuclease activity was detected in sonicated cells and culture supernatants for all bacteria except s. ruminantium jw13 and 179f sonicated cells. s. ruminantium strains were able to utilize several deoxyribonucleosides, while s. bovis jb1 and b. ovatus v9 ...	2000	10915204
effects of thymol on ruminal microorganisms.	thymol (5-methyl-2-isopropylphenol) is a phenolic compound that is used to inhibit oral bacteria. because little is known regarding the effects of this compound on ruminal microorganisms, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of thymol on growth and lactate production by the ruminal bacteria streptococcus bovis jb1 and selenomonas ruminantium hd4. in addition, the effect of thymol on the in vitro fermentation of glucose by mixed ruminal microorganisms was investigated. neither ...	2000	11014870
gene cloning and molecular characterization of lysine decarboxylase from selenomonas ruminantium delineate its evolutionary relationship to ornithine decarboxylases from eukaryotes.	lysine decarboxylase (ldc; ec 4.1.1.18) from selenomonas ruminantium comprises two identical monomeric subunits of 43 kda and has decarboxylating activities toward both l-lysine and l-ornithine with similar k(m) and v(max) values (y. takatsuka, m. onoda, t. sugiyama, k. muramoto, t. tomita, and y. kamio, biosci. biotechnol. biochem. 62:1063-1069, 1999). here, the ldc-encoding gene (ldc) of this bacterium was cloned and characterized. dna sequencing analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence ...	2000	11073919
propionispora vibrioides, nov. gen., nov. sp., a new gram-negative, spore-forming anaerobe that ferments sugar alcohols.	anaerobic enrichment cultures, with erythritol as substrate, resulted in the isolation of a strain with properties not yet found in an existing genus in this combination. the strain, fkbs1, was strictly anaerobic, stained gram-negative and formed spores. cells were small motile vibrios with flagella inserted at the concave side of the cell. spores were located terminally and caused only slight swelling of the cells if compared to related spore-forming genera. fkbs1 fermented fructose, mannitol, ...	2000	11081792
effect of sugars and malate on ruminal microorganisms.	the objective of this study was to examine the effects of a commercial feed supplement that contains sugars and malate on lactate fermentation by selenomonas ruminantium grown in batch culture. experiments also were conducted to examine the effects of this feed supplement on the mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation of ground corn and soluble starch in the presence and absence of 5 mg/kg of monensin. when s. ruminantium strains hd4 and h18 were incubated in basal medium that contained dl-lact ...	2000	11104277
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with mixed dentition.	a diversity of microbial species has been detected in children's oral flora at an early age. to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of different groups of teeth in children with mixed dentition, 40 systemically healthy children, aged 7-8 years, randomly chosen, were examined. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of 21, 41, 16 and 36 permanent teeth and 53, 73, 64 and 84 deciduous teeth. the samples were cultured for bacterial isolation anaerobica ...	2000	11155173
the clinical and microbiological effects of systemic ornidazole in sites with and without subgingival debridement in early-onset periodontitis patients.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of systemic ornidazole (orn) in sites with or without subgingival debridement in early-onset periodontitis (eop) patients.	2000	11156043
competition among three predominant ruminal cellulolytic bacteria in the absence or presence of non-cellulolytic bacteria.	competition among three species of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria - fibrobacter succinogenes s85, ruminococcus flavefaciens fd-1 and ruminococcus albus 7 - was studied in the presence or absence of the non-cellulolytic ruminal bacteria selenomonas ruminantium or streptococcus bovis. co-cultures were grown under either batch or continuous conditions and populations were estimated using species-specific oligonucleotide probes to 16s rrna. the three cellulolytic species co-existed in cellobiose batc ...	2001	11160797
evidence for recent intergeneric transfer of a new tetracycline resistance gene, tet(w), isolated from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and the occurrence of tet(o) in ruminal bacteria.	we have previously reported high-frequency transfer of tetracycline resistance between strains of the rumen anaerobic bacterium butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. donor strains were postulated to carry two tcr genes, one of which is transferred on a novel chromosomal element. it is shown here that coding sequences within the non-transmissible gene in b. fibrisolvens 1.230 are identical to those of the streptococcus pneumoniae tet(o) gene. this provides the first evidence for genetic exchange between fac ...	1999	11207718
molecular characterization, enzyme properties and transcriptional regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and pyruvate kinase in a ruminal bacterium, selenomonas ruminantium.	to elucidate the regulatory mechanism for propionate production in selenomonas ruminantium, the molecular properties and gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck) and pyruvate kinase (pyk) were investigated. the pck was deduced to consist of 538 aa with a molecular mass of 59.6 kda, and appeared to exist as a monomer. the pyk was revealed to consist of four identical subunits consisting of 469 aa with a molecular mass of 51.3 kda. both mg(2+) and mn(2+) were required for the max ...	2001	11238975
smoking and subgingival microflora in periodontal disease.	the present investigation was undertaken to analyze the influence of smoking on the periodontal disease associated subgingival microflora. the population included 33 smokers and 31 non-smokers in the age range 36-86 years.	2001	11284533
prevalence and risk indicators for destructive periodontal diseases in 3 urban american minority populations.	destructive periodontal diseases have been reported disproportionately more prevalent and severe in african-americans relative to other american populations. differences in subgingival microbiota and host immune response have also been reported for african-americans, implying that risk factors for disease progression may also differ for these populations. since it is not clear whether these differences are truly genetic or due to confounding variables such as social economic status, we examined ...	2001	11350519
diet-dependent shifts in the bacterial population of the rumen revealed with real-time pcr.	a set of pcr primers was designed and validated for specific detection and quantification of prevotella ruminicola, prevotella albensis, prevotella bryantii, fibrobacter succinogenes, selenomonas ruminantium-mitsuokella multiacida, streptococcus bovis, ruminococcus flavefaciens, ruminobacter amylophilus, eubacterium ruminantium, treponema bryantii, succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, and anaerovibrio lipolytica. by using these primers and the real-time pcr technique, the corresponding species in the ...	2001	11375193
restriction and modification systems of ruminal bacteria.	a high frequency of type ii restriction endonuclease activities was detected in selenomonas ruminantium but not in other rumen bacteria tested. eight different restriction endonucleases were characterized in 17 strains coming from genetically homogeneous local population. chromosomal dna isolated from s. ruminantium strains was found to be refractory to cleavage by various restriction enzymes, implying the presence of methylase activities additional to those required for protection against the c ...	2001	11501482
molecular identification of microorganisms from endodontic infections.	a relatively wide range of bacteria have been isolated from root canals using standard culture techniques. however, only 50% of the bacteria in the oral cavity are cultivable (s. s. socransky et al., arch. oral biol. 8:278-280, 1963); hence, bacterial diversity in endodontic infections is underestimated. this study used a pcr-based 16s rrna gene assay, followed by cloning and sequencing of 16s rrna amplicons from a small subset of samples to assess the diversity of bacteria present in infected r ...	2001	11526164
identification of a broad-specificity xylosidase/arabinosidase important for xylooligosaccharide fermentation by the ruminal anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium ga192.	strains of selenomonas ruminantium vary considerably in their capacity to ferment xylooligosaccharides. this ability ranges from strain ga192, which completely utilized xylose through xylotetraose and was able to ferment considerable quantities of larger oligosaccharides, to strain hd4, which used only the simple sugars present in the hydrolysate. the ability of s. ruminantium ga192 to utilize xylooligosaccharides was correlated with the presence of xylosidase and arabinosidase activities. the p ...	2001	11683366
efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes (ii). effect on microbiological parameters.	the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of self-performed supragingival plaque removal using either manual (crest complete) or power (braun 3d plaque remover) toothbrushing on supra and subgingival plaque composition.	2001	11686813
association of early onset periodontitis microbiota with aspartate aminotransferase activity in gingival crevicular fluid.	the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the activity of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (ast) in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) using the colorimetric periogard (ptm) test and the subgingival microflora in early onset periodontitis lesions.	2001	11737506
a gene, coba + hemd, from selenomonas ruminantium encodes a bifunctional enzyme involved in the synthesis of vitamin b12.	coenzymes derived from vitamin b12 (cyanocobalamin) are particularly important for core metabolism in ruminant animals. selenomonas ruminantium, a gram-positive obligate anaerobe isolated from cattle, is the main contributor of vitamin b12 to such ruminant animals. in nature, there are both aerobic and anaerobic pathways for b12 synthesis - the latter is only partly elucidated. until now, there has been no investigation of b12 synthesis in s. ruminantium, which must use an anaerobic pathway. thi ...	2001	11750128
cloning of the l-lactate dehydrogenase gene from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium hd4.	a clone from a selenomonas ruminantium hd4 lambda zap ii genomic library was isolated by its ability to complement the anaerobic growth deficiency of an escherichia coli (pfl, ldh) double mutant. the 1.0-kb insert from the clone was sequenced and revealed a single open reading frame (orf, 957-bp) which was preceded by a putative shine-dalgarno (sd) sequence (aggggg). the potential sd sequence corresponded to 3' 16s rrna sequences of various selenomonas strains. the orf was predicted to encode a ...	2002	11821921
cloning of the o-acetylserine lyase gene from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium hd4.	the gene coding for o-acetylserine lyase (oasl) was cloned from a selenomonas ruminantium hd4 lambda zap ii genomic library by degenerative probe hybridization and complementation. sequence analysis revealed a 933 bp orf with a g + c content of 53%. the orf had significant homology with enzymes involved in cysteine biosynthesis. a curablastn homology search showed that the orf shared 59% nucleotide identity with the cysk of bacillus subtilis. the deduced amino acid sequence exhibited high (>70%) ...	2002	11821922
plasmids of selenomonas ruminantium and development of host-vector system.	a high frequency of plasmids was detected in the rumen bacterium selenomonas ruminantium. plasmids 0.9-20 kb in size were detected in more than 50% tested strains. densitometric analysis indicated that plasmid dna could represents more than 25% of total cellular dna. up to six plasmids were detected in strain s. ruminantium 18. two smallest cryptic plasmids psrd181 and psrd182 from this strain were cloned into escherichia coli vector pbluescriptsk+ and partially characterized. the plasmid psrd18 ...	2001	11830938
a flavoprotein encoded in selenomonas ruminantium is characterized after expression in escherichia coli.	selenomonas ruminantium is an obligate anaerobe that is very important for the provision of vitamin b12 to ruminants, which are particularly dependent upon this cofactor. one important use for vitamin b12 in anaerobic bacteria is for the utilization of glycerol as carbon source. a new flavoprotein has been found expressed by escherichia coli from a plasmid created as part of a gene library of s. ruminantium. the 2.5-kb fragment of chromosomal dna responsible for protein expression contains parts ...	2002	11922759
identification of a 22-kda protein required for the degradation of selenomonas ruminantium lysine decarboxylase by atp-dependent protease.	in selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium isolated from sheep rumen, a rapid degradation of lysine decarboxylase (ldc) occurred on entry into the stationary phase of cell growth. here, we identified a 22-kda protein as a stimulating factor for the degradation of ldc, which was catalyzed by atp-dependent protease(s) in s. ruminantium. the purified 22-kda protein preparation itself had no degradation activity towards ldc but it was required for the degradation of ld ...	2002	12162576
microbial profile on metallic and ceramic bracket materials.	the placement of orthodontic appliances creates a favorable environment for the accumulation of a microbiota and food residues, which, in time, may cause caries or exacerbate any pre-existing periodontal disease. the purpose of the present study was to compare the total bacterial counts present on metallic and ceramic orthodontic brackets in order to clarify which bracket type has a higher plaque retaining capacity and to determine the levels of streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus spp on both ...	2002	12169034
covalently linked polyamines in the cell wall peptidoglycan of selenomonas, anaeromusa, dendrosporobacter, acidaminococcus and anaerovibrio belonging to the sporomusa subbranch.		2002	12469301
correlations between bacterial levels in autologous subgingival plaque and saliva of adult sudanese.	the aim of this study was to assess levels of oral bacteria and their correlations in paired samples of saliva and subgingival plaque in a population of adult sudanese. whole saliva and pooled subgingival plaque samples from six probing sites of one tooth in each jaw were obtained from 56 sudanese adults (mean age 35.2+/-8.9 years). levels of 24 oral bacteria in the autologous saliva and pooled plaque sample of each subject were assessed by dna probes and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization. ther ...	2002	12483235
activity and properties of fumarate reductase in ruminal bacteria.	fumarate-reducing bacteria were sought from the main ruminal bacteria. fibrobacter succinogenes, selenomonas ruminantium subsp. ruminantium, selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica, and veillonella parvula reduced fumarate by using h(2) as an electron donor. ruminococcus albus, prevotella ruminicola, and anaerovibrio lipolytica consumed fumarate, although they did not oxidize h(2). of these bacteria, v. parvula, two strains of selenomonas, and f. succinogenes had a high capacity to reduce fum ...	2000	12483585
diet influences the ecology of lactic acid bacteria and escherichia coli along the digestive tract of cattle: neural networks and 16s rdna.	in this manuscript, the authors have sought to gain a better understanding of the interactions between escherichia coli and lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from rogossa mrs agar along the digestive tract of grain- and forage-fed cattle. e. coli from cattle receiving a high-grain diet were more numerous (p<0.05) than from the high-forage diet and the highest numbers were in the faeces. isolates on rogossa mrs agar were always greater in the high-grain diet (p<0.05) and contained a significant ...	2003	12576580
allisonella histaminiformans gen. nov., sp. nov. a novel bacterium that produces histamine, utilizes histidine as its sole energy source, and could play a role in bovine and equine laminitis.	when cattle and horses are fed large amounts of grain, histamine can accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract, and this accumulation can cause an acute inflammation of the hooves (laminitis). when ruminal fluid from dairy cattle fed grain supplements was serially diluted in anaerobic mrs medium containing histidine (50 mm), histamine was detected at dilutions as high as 10(-7). the histidine enrichments were then transferred successively in an anaerobic, carbonate-based medium (50 mm histidine) ...	2002	12583709
subgingival microbiota levels and their associations with periodontal status at the sampled sites in an adult sudanese population using miswak or toothbrush regularly.	little information is available on the effect of miswak use on gingival microbiota. we assessed levels of 28 oral bacteria in subgingival plaque of adult sudanese miswak (n = 38) and toothbrush users (n = 36) age range 20-53 years (mean 34.6 years) to study associations between these bacteria, oral hygiene method, and periodontal status at the sampled sites. a pooled subgingival plaque sample from 6 probing sites of 1 selected tooth in each jaw was obtained from each subject. whole genomic dna p ...	2003	12790510
effects of a chlorhexidine gluconate-containing mouthwash on the vitality and antimicrobial susceptibility of in vitro oral bacterial ecosystems.	oral bacterial microcosms, established using saliva inocula from three individuals, were maintained under a feast-famine regime within constant-depth film fermenters. steady-state communities were exposed four times daily, postfeeding, to a chlorhexidine (chx) gluconate-containing mouthwash (chxm) diluted to 0.06% (wt/vol) antimicrobial content. the microcosms were characterized by heterotrophic plate counts and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). chxm caused significant decrease ...	2003	12902270
selenomonas boskamp, 1922; a genus that includes species showing an unusual type of flagellation.		1954	13189856
the characteristics of strains of selenomonas isolated from bovine rumen contents.		1956	13366893
observations on spirillum sputigenum and its relationship to selenomonas species with special reference to flagellation.		1959	13654218
serological tests of a relationship between rumen selenomonads in vitro and in vivo.		1962	13954886
growth factors for selenomonas ruminantium.		1963	13954887
some observations on the nitrogen metabolism of rumen proteolytic bacteria.		1963	14010700
isolation, enumeration, and characteristics of proteolytic ruminal bacteria.	fulghum, robert s. (virginia polytechnic institute, blacksburg) and w. e. c. moore. isolation, enumeration, and characteristics of proteolytic ruminal bacteria. j. bacteriol. 85:808-815. 1963.-colony counts of proteolytic ruminal bacteria in the order of 10(9) organisms per g of whole rumen contents, and total colony counts in the order of 2 to 3 x 10(9) organisms per g, were obtained from rumen contents of cattle fed a maintenance ration of hay and grain. the proteolytic counts averaged 38% of ...	1963	14044947
effects of triclosan-containing rinse on the dynamics and antimicrobial susceptibility of in vitro plaque ecosystems.	dental plaque microcosms were established under a feast-famine regimen within constant-depth film fermentors and exposed four times daily postfeeding to a triclosan (tr)-containing rinse (dentifrice) (trd). this was diluted so that the antimicrobial content was 0.6 mg/ml. microcosms were characterized by heterotrophic plate counts and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) with primers specific for the v2-v3 region of the eubacterial 16s rrna gene (rdna). dominant isolates and pcr am ...	2003	14576113
molecular dissection of the selenomonas ruminantium cell envelope and lysine decarboxylase involved in the biosynthesis of a polyamine covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan layer.	the wild type of selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica, which is a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium isolated from sheep rumen, requires one of the normal saturated volatile fatty acids with 3 to 10 carbon atoms for its growth in a glucose medium; however, no such obligate requirement of fatty acid is observed when the cells are grown in a lactate medium. this bacterium is characterized by a unique structure of the cell envelope and a novel lysine decarboxylase and its regulatory ...	2004	14745158
relationship between periodontal pocket sulfide levels and subgingival species.	many species implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease produce volatile sulfur compounds (vsc). this investigation examined the relationship between levels of sulfide and subgingival bacterial species in the same periodontal pockets.	2003	14761124
gingival crevice microbiota from chinese patients with gingivitis or necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.	the objective of this study was to quantitatively compare the bacterial population structure in plaque from the gingival margin of two groups of 21 chinese patients with gingivitis or necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (nug). subjects were recruited in four dental clinics in eastern china. samples were quantitatively assessed by immunofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization for taxa known to be associated with periodontal diseases. the analyses showed that the fusiform taxa (fusobacter ...	2004	14871191
effects of dl-malate on in vitro forage fiber digestion by mixed ruminal microorganisms.	the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 0, 4, 8, and 12 mm dl-malate on the in vitro mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation of alfalfa hay and coastal bermudagrass hay. when alfalfa hay was the substrate, 4 and 8 mm dl-malate numerically increased propionate concentration, and 12 mm dl-malate increased (p < 0.10) propionate. all three concentrations of dl-malate decreased (p < 0.05) the acetate:propionate ratio. in coastal bermudagrass hay fermentations, all three dl-malate ...	2004	15018099
cloning of the o-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase gene from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium hd4.	the o-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (oahs) gene was cloned from a selenomonas ruminantium hd4 lambda zap ii genomic library by degenerative probe hybridization and complementation. sequence analysis revealed an 869-bp orf with a g + c content of 53%. the orf had significant homology with enzymes involved in homocysteine biosynthesis. a curablastn homology search showed that the orf has 63% nucleotide identity with the oahs of bacillus stearothermophilus, corynebacterium glutamicum, and acremoni ...	2004	15057458
production of two highly active bacterial phytases with broad ph optima in germinated transgenic rice seeds.	phytate is the main storage form of phosphorus in many plant seeds, but phosphate bound in this form is not available to monogastric animals. phytase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphate from phytate, has the potential to enhance phosphorus availability in animal diets when engineered in rice seeds as a feed additive. two genes, derived from a ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium (srpf6) and escherichia coli (appa), encoding highly active phytases were expressed in germinated transgenic ric ...	2004	15070073
specific pcr assay for a tannin-tolerant selenomonas ruminantium isolate, derived from helicase coding sequences.	sequences from a tannin-tolerant selenomonas ruminantium isolate (eat2) that hydrolyzes gallic acid were identified. two exhibited identity to helicases with a wide phylogenetic distribution. pcr amplification by using primers from one helicase gene detected 2000 to 5000 eat2 genome equivalents but did not amplify total gastrointestinal microbial dna of nine other ungulate species.	2004	15128588