Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| identifying haemophilus ducreyi. | 1982 | 6127521 | |
| streptomycin-resistant haemophilus ducreyi. | 1982 | 6127523 | |
| drug of choice for chancroid. | 1983 | 6129437 | |
| haemophilus ducreyi infection in manchester. | 1983 | 6135107 | |
| isolating haemophilus ducreyi. | 1983 | 6137718 | |
| sheffield isolates are haemophilus ducreyi. | 1983 | 6138618 | |
| epidemiology of chancroid and haemophilus ducreyi in nairobi, kenya. | of 300 men in nairobi, kenya, with culture-proven chancroid, 57% had acquired infection from prostitutes. the majority of infections were acquired in the city of nairobi. all 10 female source contacts examined had genital ulcers. 13 of 29 female secondary contacts were culture-positive for haemophilus ducreyi and 10 of these infected women had clinical chancroid. of 122 prostitutes from the middle and lower social strata, 12 had genital ulcers, 5 of which were culture-positive for h ducreyi, and ... | 1983 | 6139629 |
| haemophilus ducreyi and genital ulcers. | 1983 | 6139638 | |
| starch aggregation as a presumptive test for haemophilus ducreyi. | 1982 | 6181362 | |
| herpes simplex infection simulating a positive auto-inoculation for haemophilus ducreyi. | auto-inoculation from a genital ulcer suspected of being ulcus molle gave redness after 24 hours and after 48 hours vesicles and pustules appeared. cultivation from the auto-inoculation after the 48 hours was positive for herpes simplex virus type 2. our observation underlines two points: auto-inoculation for the diagnosing of haemophilus ducreyi infection may be mimicked by herpes simplex infection, and the incubation period of herpes simplex can be shorter than the 4-5 days usually given. | 1982 | 6183910 |
| monoclonal antibodies reactive with all strains of haemophilus ducreyi. | we have isolated plasma cell hybridomas which secrete monoclonal antibodies directed against haemophilus ducreyi. two of these monoclonal antibodies recognize all strains of h. ducreyi tested to date and are capable of detecting the presence of h. ducreyi in skin lesions produced by this pathogen in experimental animals. these monoclonal antibodies which react with apparently all strains of h. ducreyi have the potential to be developed into a rapid immunodiagnostic test for chancroid. | 1984 | 6200440 |
| sensitivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies directed against antigenic determinants of treponema pallidum nichols in the diagnosis of syphilis. | murine anti-treponema pallidum monoclonal antibodies were employed in studies on sensitivity and specificity of binding to examine their potential for use in the detection of low numbers of pathogenic treponemes present in various body fluids. monoclonal antibodies were used as a primary antibody source in a solid-phase immunoblot assay system. all monoclonal antibodies assayed were capable of detecting ca. 1.0 x 10(3) to 2.5 x 10(3) treponemes. of 13 monoclonal antibodies examined, 3 were able ... | 1984 | 6208218 |
| molecular nature of a plasmid specifying beta-lactamase production in haemophilus ducreyi. | we characterized pjb1, the plasmid previously reported to mediate beta-lactamase production in haemophilus ducreyi. we studied its relationship to pmr0360 and rsf0885, the plasmids responsible for beta-lactamase production in neisseria gonorrhoeae and haemophilus parainfluenzae, respectively. although pjb1 was maintained as a multicopy pool in escherichia coli, it was not stably maintained in the absence of antibiotic selection. electron microscope heteroduplex studies showed that it carried 100 ... | 1981 | 6273382 |
| mobilization of nonconjugative antibiotic resistance plasmids in haemophilus ducreyi. | a clinical isolate of haemophilus ducreyi was found to harbor three plasmids: a 23.5-megadalton (mdal) phenotypically cryptic plasmid, a 7.0-mdal ampicillin resistance plasmid, and a 4.0-mdal sulfonamide resistance plasmid. the two smaller plasmids were transferable by conjugation to haemophilus recipients, but only if the donor cell harbored the 23.5-mdal plasmid as well, indicating that this large plasmid had mobilizing capabilities. transfer was also possible to escherichia coli recipients. h ... | 1982 | 6276368 |
| plasmid-mediated sulfonamide resistance in haemophilus ducreyi. | clinical isolates of haemophilus ducreyi from patients with chancroid were shown to have one or more 4.9- to 7.0-megadalton non-self-transferable plasmids and to have in vitro resistance to sulfonamides. transformation of escherichia coli to sulfonamide resistance was associated with the acquisition of a 4.9-megadalton plasmid, which did not confer linked resistance to streptomycin. the guanine-plus-cytosine content of this plasmid was found to be 57%. filter-blot hybridization and restriction e ... | 1982 | 6282205 |
| characterization of ampicillin resistance plasmids from haemophilus ducreyi. | seven strains of haemophilus ducreyi from diverse geographic origins were analyzed for their plasmid content. all strains were multiply resistant, but only resistance to ampicillin was transferred to escherichia coli by transformation. the h. ducreyi plasmids encoding for ampicillin resistance were 7.4, 5.7, and 3.6 megadaltons and encoded for part or all of tna, and ampicillin transposon. the relatedness of these plasmids was examined by restriction endonuclease digestion and dna-dna homology w ... | 1982 | 6282212 |
| molecular epidemiology of beta-lactamase-specifying plasmids of haemophilus ducreyi. | we have studied the genetic basis of beta-lactamase production in eight strains of haemophilus ducreyi isolated in diverse areas of the world. beta-lactamase production in all strains was mediated by plasmids having a molecular mass of either 5.7 or 7.0 megadaltons. plasmids of 5.7 megadaltons were shown to carry the entire sequence of pfa7, the beta-lactamase specifying plasmid found in isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae epidemiologically linked to west africa. plasmids of 7.0 megadaltons were s ... | 1982 | 6287927 |
| pathogenic microbial flora of genital ulcers in sheffield with particular reference to herpes simplex virus and haemophilus ducreyi. | the pathogenic microbial flora of genital ulcers in 161 (80 men and 81 women) unselected patients was studied prospectively. in only one case was treponema pallidum responsible whereas herpes simplex virus was considered to be the cause of 130 (80.8%) genital ulcers. h ducreyi was isolated from 46 (28.6%) patients, most commonly as a secondary pathogen in herpetic lesions. two or more pathogens were isolated from the ulcers in 67 (41.6%) patients, and in 21 (13%) patients no pathogens were isola ... | 1982 | 6293639 |
| the enzymatic profile of haemophilus ducreyi. | the enzymatic activities of two reference strains of haemophilus ducreyi and thirty clinical isolates were investigated by conventional biochemical tests and the api-zym test kit system which included 97 synthetic substrates. no strains converted delta-aminolevulinic acid to porphyrins, but they all reduced nitrates to nitrites. all strains possessed aminopeptidase activity against beta-naphthylamide derivatives of l-alanine, l-arginine, l-glutamine, glycine, l-leucine, l-lysine and l-serine. no ... | 1982 | 6299156 |
| characterization of ampicillin resistance plasmids of haemophilus ducreyi and neisseria gonorrhoeae with regard to location of origin of transfer and mobilization by a conjugative plasmid of haemophilus ducreyi. | restriction endonuclease maps of the ampicillin resistance plasmids of haemophilus ducreyi and neisseria gonorrhoeae show marked structural similarities. transfer frequencies obtained by mobilization correlated with physical structure and were enhanced by increased homology with the conjugative plasmid. the origin of transfer of each plasmid was located within a specific restriction fragment. | 1983 | 6311803 |
| plasmid-mediated tetracycline resistance in haemophilus ducreyi. | clinical isolates of haemophilus ducreyi were shown to be resistant to tetracycline. resistance was associated in some strains with a 30-megadalton plasmid capable of transferring resistance in conjugative matings with other strains of h. ducreyi and other species of haemophilus. restriction endonuclease digestion patterns suggest a relationship between h. ducreyi plasmids and other tetracycline resistance plasmids in haemophilus. the presence of plasmid-mediated resistance to the tetracyclines ... | 1984 | 6324665 |
| origin and direction of in vitro replication of haemophilus ducreyi and neisseria gonorrhoeae ampicillin resistance plasmids. | the origin of replication of haemophilus ducreyi and neisseria gonorrhoeae ampicillin resistance plasmids was located by cloning bamhi restriction fragments into vector plasmid pat153 and a derivative plasmid, pat2. selection was made for plasmid maintenance in a pola mutant. direction of replication was determined by in vitro replication of plasmid dna in the presence of radiolabeled deoxynucleotide. | 1984 | 6325397 |
| chancroidal ulcers that are not chancroid. cause and epidemiology. | hemophilus ducreyi was isolated from the ulcer of one of 33 patients in whom chancroid had been diagnosed clinically. herpes simplex virus was isolated from 16 of these patients. a presumptive diagnosis of chancroid was made in one of three sexual partners of the only index patient with culture-proved chancroid. no chancroidal lesions were found in any of 39 sexual partners of the other 32 index patients. genital cultures for herpes simplex virus were positive from four of 14 sexual partners of ... | 1984 | 6326691 |
| homogeneity of transferable tetracycline-resistance determinants in haemophilus species. | 1984 | 6330236 | |
| enzymic activity of haemophilus ducreyi. | the enzymic activity of 29 haemophilus ducreyi strains on 28 substrates is described. the results are compared with those of seven other authors. there is agreement only about the presence of alkaline phosphatase and arginine aminopeptidase and the lack of glycosidases. possible reasons for the contradictions in the eight reports are discussed. | 1984 | 6333510 |
| thiamphenicol in the treatment of chancroid in men. | fifty-five men were treated for culture-positive chancroid with two 2.5-g doses of thiamphenicol given on each of two consecutive days. forty-nine patients (89.1%) were cured on this regimen. no adverse effects were noted. cultured strains of haemophilus ducreyi were found to be sensitive to thiamphenicol. | 1984 | 6335300 |
| isolation of haemophilus ducreyi from a chancroid in papua new guinea. | haemophilus ducreyi was isolated from a patient who presented with a genital ulcer at the port moresby clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. this provides documentation for the occurrence of chancroid in papua new guinea. the differentiation of this disease from donovanosis is discussed. | 1983 | 6336300 |
| single-dose therapy of chancroid with trimethoprim-sulfametrole. | we conducted a randomized double-blind trial comparing a single dose of trimethoprim-sulfametrole (640 to 3200 mg) with five-day regimens of either trimethoprim-sulfametrole (160 to 800 mg twice daily) or trimethoprim alone (200 mg twice daily) for the treatment of men with chancroid. of 95 patients, 78 had cultures positive for hemophilus ducreyi. twenty-seven, 23, and 28 patients, respectively, were assigned to the single-dose trimethoprim-sulfametrole, the five-day trimethoprim-sulfametrole, ... | 1983 | 6343878 |
| treatment of chancroid. a comparison of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. | since sulphonamides are no longer predictably effective in the treatment of chancroid the combination of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (tmp-smx) was evaluated to identify other effective regimens. one hundred and nine patients with genital ulcers (75 men and 34 women) seen at the special treatment clinic in nairobi, kenya, were randomly assigned to treatment with a seven day course of either sulphamethoxazole 1000 mg twice daily or trimethoprim (160 mg)-sulphamethoxazole (800 mg) (tmp-smx) twic ... | 1983 | 6351957 |
| antimicrobial therapy of chancroid: effectiveness of erythromycin. | the emergence of haemophilus ducreyi resistant to multiple antibiotics has limited the effectiveness of sulfonamides and tetracycline for the therapy of chancroid. a randomized, double-blind study compared 10-day courses of erythromycin base (500 mg) and rosaramicin (250 mg) each given four times daily for the treatment of men with chancroid in nairobi, kenya. of 99 evaluable patients, 84 were positive for h ducreyi. h ducreyi-positive genital ulcers in men treated with either drug resolved with ... | 1983 | 6355314 |
| amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic combination. | the chemistry, microbiology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, adverse effects, and dosage of amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic combination, are reviewed. clavulanic acid is a "suicide" inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has been effective in preventing destruction of penicillins by these enzymes. clavulanic acid alone has weak antibacterial activity against most organisms. after oral administration, clavulanic acid is rapidly absorbed; amox ... | 1984 | 6391783 |
| oropharyngeal haemophilus ducreyi infection. | 1983 | 6411268 | |
| common beta-lactamase-specifying plasmid in haemophilus ducreyi and neisseria gonorrhoeae. | eighty-nine strains of haemophilus ducreyi from a chancroid epidemic in orange county, california, were examined for plasmid content. seventy-eight (88%) of these isolates were found to contain a plasmid of 3.2 megadaltons which conferred beta-lactamase production. restriction endonuclease digests indicated that this was the same plasmid that was found in some strains of beta-lactamase-producing neisseria gonorrhoeae. | 1984 | 6424563 |
| the plasmids of haemophilus ducreyi. | 1984 | 6440883 | |
| sexually transmittable diseases and other genital infections during adolescence. | sexually transmitted (std), diseases in which sexual contact is epidemiologically important but not the only mode of acquisition, will continueto increase in incidence unless effective control strategies can be applied. the recent increase in incidence has been due, in part, to increased levels of sexual activity among young people. focus in this discussion is on the epidemiology of std, the importance of an accurate sexual history in the diagnosis of std, gonorrhea, syphilis, nongonococcal ur ... | 1984 | 6547744 |
| isolation of haemophilus ducreyi from genital ulcerations in white men in johannesburg. | an analysis of sexually acquired genital ulcerations in 31 white patients who were examined microbiologically in johannesburg showed haemophilus ducreyi to be the causative agent in 23 (74%), whereas syphilis was the confirmed diagnosis in only 6 (19%). all the h. ducreyi isolates produced beta-lactamase. previously, chancroid was considered to be an infrequent cause of genital ulceration in this population group. unlike those with syphilitic ulceration, patients with chancroid usually do not re ... | 1983 | 6600526 |
| treatment of chancroid. | 1983 | 6600752 | |
| in-vitro susceptibility of thirty strains of haemophilus ducreyi to several antibiotics including six cephalosporins. | we have studied the in-vitro susceptibility of 30 strains of haemophilus ducreyi to 22 antibacterial agents. twenty-seven strains produced a beta-lactamase that had an isoelectric point similar to the isoelectric point of the tem 1 type beta-lactamase produced by psf 2124. except for cefamandole, the 30 strains had similar susceptibilities to the different cephalosporins, cefotaxime being the most active compound. twenty-two isolates were resistant to tetracycline and doxycycline; minimal inhibi ... | 1983 | 6601649 |
| antimicrobial therapy of chancroid: an evaluation of five treatment regimens correlated with in vitro sensitivity. | one hundred fifty-one men with genital ulcer disease were assigned randomly to treatment with one of five oral antimicrobial regimens: (1) sulfadimidine (1 g four times daily for seven days); (2) tetracycline (500 mg four times daily for seven days); (3) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz; 160 mg of tmp and 800 mg of smz twice daily for seven days); (4) doxycycline (300 mg as a single dose); or (5) tmp-sulfametrole (640 mg of tmp and 3,200 mg of sulfametrole once as a single dose). haemophil ... | 1983 | 6601847 |
| the isolation of h. ducreyi in singapore. | using an enriched medium, h. ducreyi was isolated from 56 out of 670 patients with penile ulcers (8.3%). their clinical, epidemiological characteristics and treatment responses to streptomycin, cotrimoxazole and other antimicrobial agents are analysed. 51% failed to respond to streptomycin. | 1983 | 6602583 |
| treatment of chancroid with erythromycin. a clinical and microbiological appraisal. | one hundred and thirty seven patients presenting with genital ulcerations from which haemophilus ducreyi was isolated were treated with erythromycin stearate 500 mg every six hours for seven days. of these, 91 (66%) had associated inguinal lymphadenopathy. only two of the 100 patients who returned after one week showed no clinical improvement. despite decrease in size h ducreyi was reisolated from the ulcers of three patients, two of whom had not complied with treatment. the patients were treate ... | 1983 | 6603249 |
| characterization of cell proteins of haemophilus ducreyi by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | the whole-cell proteins of 105 clinical isolates of haemophilus ducreyi from several geographic sources (north america, africa, asia, and europe) were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the protein profiles were reproducible and unaffected by repeated subculturing or age of culture. at least seven different subtypes were determined by proteins in the molecular weight range of 24,000-50,000. these proteins are located in the outer membrane of the cel ... | 1983 | 6605392 |
| susceptibility of 40 haemophilus ducreyi strains to 34 antimicrobial products. | a study was performed to examine compounds that might improve the selectivity of the primary isolation medium for haemophilus ducreyi. the susceptibility of 40 h. ducreyi strains to 34 antimicrobial agents, including 10 antibiotics, 3 quaternary ammonium compounds, 3 phenolic derivatives, 3 acridines, and 15 heavy metal compounds, was investigated by using an agar plate dilution technique. results were compared with the susceptibilities of other gram-negative rods which may be contaminants on is ... | 1983 | 6606394 |
| chancroid in nigeria. | the present paper records the incidence of chancroid in northern nigeria. out of 776 new patients registered at the special treatment clinic (stc) of the ahmadu bello university teaching hospital (abuth) zaria during february to august 1982, 34 cases (4.38%) were diagnosed as chancroid. direct smear examination for haemophilus ducreyi was positive in 33 cases and bacterial bodies devoid of cell wall (probably l-forms of h. ducreyi) were demonstrated in one. culture for h. ducreyi was positive in ... | 1983 | 6606880 |
| virulence factors of haemophilus ducreyi. | we investigated the susceptibility of virulent and avirulent strains of haemophilus ducreyi to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum and to phagocytosis and killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl). strains were defined as virulent if intradermal inoculation into a rabbit produced a typical necrotic lesion. nonvirulent strains produced no cutaneous lesions in rabbits. virulent strains were resistant to the complement-mediated lethal action of normal human and rabbit sera, w ... | 1984 | 6607219 |
| a case of mixed chancre. | a 39-year-old norwegian seaman developed penile ulcerations after sexual contact overseas. the diagnosis of syphilitic chancre and of chancroid was confirmed. the ulcers healed after combined treatment with benzathine penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | 1984 | 6607850 |
| comparison of media for the primary isolation of haemophilus ducreyi. | the rates of isolation of haemophilus ducreyi from patients with presumed chancroid has been low, and improved cultural techniques are required. we determined the isolation rates of h. ducreyi from 38 patients with clinical chancroid and compared gonococcal agar supplemented with bovine hemoglobin to mueller-hinton agar supplemented with chocolated horse blood, each with and without 5% fetal calf serum. the rate of isolation and the qualitative and quantitative growth of strains was best on gono ... | 1984 | 6608798 |
| sheffield medium for cultivation of haemophilus ducreyi. | our interest in the role of haemophilus ducreyi in genital ulceration led us to examine the various media commonly used for the cultivation of the organism. we describe an improved medium for the routine isolation of h ducreyi. in comparative studies using 50 test strains originally isolated in the united kingdom, canada, the united states of america, and kenya, the new medium proved superior to three standard media in requiring a shorter incubation period to first visible growth, giving larger ... | 1984 | 6610455 |
| characteristics of haemophilus ducreyi in culture. | growth on different media and the influence of culture conditions were studied on 19 recently isolated strains of haemophilus ducreyi, none of which had more than four passages on artificial media. the results were compared with 10 laboratory strains, which had an unknown number of passages in vitro. for all strains, growth was best on 30% rabbit blood agar and on bieling agar. the laboratory strains showed a tendency to grow better on chocolate agar than did the fresh isolates. of 19 fresh clin ... | 1984 | 6610690 |
| the clinical diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in men in the tropics. | since the clinical diagnosis of genital ulcers without laboratory confirmation is not reliable in developed countries, we postulated that clinical diagnosis alone would be no more reliable in developing countries. a presumptive clinical diagnosis of chancroid, genital herpes, syphilis, or lymphogranuloma venereum was made for 100 male patients at the special treatment clinic in nairobi, kenya. this diagnosis was then compared to the final diagnosis determined by laboratory identification of the ... | 1984 | 6611593 |
| short-course and single-dose antimicrobial therapy for chancroid in kenya: studies with rifampin alone and in combination with trimethoprim. | tetracyclines and sulfonamides are no longer effective for the treatment of chancroid in many parts of the world. rifampin and trimethoprim both possess in vitro activity against haemophilus ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid. in a randomized, controlled study, 22 patients with h. ducreyi-positive genital ulcers received 600 mg of rifampin once daily for three days, and 32 patients received 600 mg of rifampin plus 160 mg of trimethoprim once daily for three days. both regimens rapidly era ... | 1983 | 6635447 |
| isolation of haemophilus species from the genital tract. | haemophilus influenzae was isolated from the urethra of three of 85 men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. these isolates of h. influenzae were nonencapsulated; one was biotype iii, and two were biotype iv. haemophilus parainfluenzae was isolated from the urethra or coronal sulcus of five men; three isolates were biotype ii, and two were biotype iii. neither h. influenzae nor h. parainfluenzae was isolated from the genital secretions of 84 women. haemophilus ducreyi and haemophilu ... | 1983 | 6658630 |
| identification of haemophilus ducreyi in the clinical laboratory. | some of the characteristics of 42 clinical isolates of haemophilus ducreyi are reported. only six of the 42 strains were able to grow on horse-blood agar. all strains gave a positive oxidase test with tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and a negative result with dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine. all of 15 test strains were negative in the porphyrin test. tests for haemin requirement were inconclusive because of difficulties encountered in obtaining growth on a basal medium. | 1982 | 6754945 |
| the recognition of haemophilus ducreyi as the cause of soft chancre. | 1982 | 6765563 | |
| genital ulcers in kenya. clinical and laboratory study. | of 97 patients with genital ulcers attending a special treatment clinic in nairobi, kenya, 60 harboured haemophilus ducreyi, four herpes simplex virus, and five neisseria gonorrhoeae. eleven patients had serological evidence of syphilis; of these one case was confirmed by darkfield microscopy. in the remaining cases no aetiological agent was identified. an enriched chocolate agar with vancomycin and serum was a useful medium for primary isolation of h ducreyi. tetracycline was generally ineffect ... | 1981 | 6799142 |
| isolation and cultivation of haemophilus ducreyi. | a useful method for isolating and recognizing haemophilus ducreyi from chancres and buboes of male patients is presented. a total of 41 clinical isolates of h. ducreyi were recovered from 33 patients over an 8-year period, and the experience with the 15 most recent isolates is presented in detail. chocolate agar supplemented with 1% iso vitalex and 5% sheep blood agar were prepared, using trypticase soy and mueller-hinton agar bases, and incubation conditions included ambient, capneic, and anaer ... | 1982 | 6802870 |
| infections due to haemophilus species other than h. influenzae. | 1982 | 6816135 | |
| [strain of haemophilus ducreyi producing chloramphenicol acetyltransferase]. | 1982 | 6816403 | |
| tem-type beta-lactamase production in haemophilus ducreyi. | a tna-containing 6.0-megadalton plasmid (pjb1) isolated from haemophilus ducreyi was shown to code for a beta-lactamase similar to the tem-1-type beta-lactamase originating from the ampicillin transposon tn2. | 1980 | 6967297 |
| [involuntary in vivo evidence for penicillin resistance of streptobacillus haemophilus ducrey]. | 1980 | 6967657 | |
| conjunctivitis due to haemophilus ducreyi infection. | 1980 | 6969619 | |
| epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic features of an urban outbreak of chancroid in north america. | an epidemic of 135 cases of chancroid occurred in winnipeg, manitoba, canada, from july 1975 to september 1977. probable contributing factors for development of chancroid lesions included male sex, lack of circumcision, and genital trauma. a previous history of venereal disease, sexual contact with a person from a bar or hotel in the core city area, unemployment, alcoholism, american indian or métis (mixed american indian and caucasian) race, and unstable domestic relationships were often access ... | 1980 | 6971469 |
| isolation and identification of haemophilus ducreyi in a clinical study. | seventeen strains of haemophilus ducreyi were isolated from genital lesions which were negative for syphilis by dark-field examination. media used for primary isolation at various times during the study were enriched chocolate agar, chocolate agar plus vancomycin (3 microgram/ml), rabbit blood agar plus vancomycin (3 micrograms/ml), fetal bovine serum agar, and fetal bovine serum agar plus vancomycin (3 micrograms/ml). h. ducreyi was isolated on chocolate agar plus vancomycin from 10 of 14 patie ... | 1980 | 6971872 |
| molecular epidemiology of haemophilus ducreyi infections. | haemophilus ducreyi was isolated with an enriched chocolate agar containing vancomycin from seven patients with clinical evidence of chancroid. four cases were imported from outside the united states; the other three cases were acquired in the united states from one of the imported cases. all strains of h. ducreyi contained ampicillin-resistance plasmids with molecular weights of 7.3, 5.7, or 3.6 megadaltons. plasmid molecular weights were identical for isolates from the epidemiologically linked ... | 1981 | 6973943 |
| synergistic antibacterial activity of clavulanic acid and amoxicillin against beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus ducreyi. | the susceptibility of 47 strains of haemophilus ducreyi to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, and the combination of both drugs was determined by agar dilution susceptibility testing. a synergistic antibacterial activity of the combination was found for beta-lactamase-producing strains. | 1981 | 6974538 |
| treatment of chancroid with erythromycin. | chancroid is a sexually transmitted disease that is not often recognized in the united states. it has traditionally been treated with sulfonamides and/or tetracyclines. recently, 14 active-duty u. s. army personnel who acquired chancroid in the far east were seen at the madigan army medical center, tacoma, wash. all of the organisms were isolated from clinical material on solid media without the use of a blood-clot tube. because of dissatisfaction with conventional treatment and the demonstratio ... | 1981 | 6974899 |
| chancroid in sheffield. a report of 22 cases diagnosed by isolating haemophilus ducreyi in a modified medium. | the causative organism of chancroid, haemophilus ducreyi, is generally considered to be very fastidious and its isolation, maintenance, and detailed study very demanding. in this study a modified medium was developed, which allowed the organism to be isolated more frequently than previously would have been expected. twenty-two cases of chancroid were confirmed by the isolation of h ducreyi in 160 patients with genital ulceration examined over a one-year period. the cases were apparently unrelate ... | 1981 | 6976815 |
| isolation of haemophilus ducreyi from the conjunctiva. | 1982 | 6978165 | |
| chancroid: diagnosis and treatment. | 1982 | 6978893 | |
| characteristics of haemophilus ducreyi. a study. | in a study of 13 local and four reference strains of haemophilus ducreyi all grew well on a selective medium consisting of bacto proteose no 3 agar (difco), soluble starch, isovitalex, human blood, and vancomycin. all the strains reduced nitrate, were alkaline-phosphatase-positive, and (with one exception) used glucose, fructose, and mannose, beta-lactamase was produced by 12 local strains. erythromycin was the the most effective antibiotic tested, followed by streptomycin, co-trimoxazole, and s ... | 1982 | 6980682 |
| characterisation of an unusual bacterium isolated from genital ulcers. | the preliminary characterisation of an unusual gram-negative bacillus isolated from genital ulcers in swaziland is reported. like haemophilus ducreyi, it is an oxidase positive, nitrate-reductase-positive gram-negative rod that forms streptobacillary chains in some circumstances; it was therefore called the "ducreyi-like bacterium" (dlb). distinguishing features of dlb are production of alpha-haemolysis on horse-blood agar, stimulation of growth by a microaerophilic atmosphere and by a factor pr ... | 1982 | 6982973 |
| detection of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) activity in a strain of haemophilus ducreyi. | the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of chloramphenicol for a clinical isolate of haemophilus ducreyi, strain ceb-10, was 16 micrograms/ml. this strain was also resistant to tetracycline (mic = 64 micrograms/ml) and ampicillin. the presence of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) activity was demonstrated. | 1982 | 6983323 |
| bacteriological study of chancroid. | 1982 | 6983497 | |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of 103 strains of haemophilus ducreyi isolated in johannesburg. | of 103 strains of haemophilus ducreyi isolated in johannesburg, 96 produced beta-lactamase and were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. most strains showed resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, and sulfamethoxazole. all isolates were susceptible to rifampin, erythromycin, and cefoxitin, moderately susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1:19) and minocycline, and somewhat less susceptible to doxycycline. | 1982 | 6983858 |
| plasmid-coded ampicillin resistance in haemophilus ducreyi. | seven of the 96 ampicillin-resistant isolates of haemophilus ducreyi reported in the preceding article (bilgeri et al., antimicrob. agents chemother. 22:686-688, 1982) were investigated and found to harbor plasmids of 3.95, 5.2, 5.8, and 6.4 megadaltons. all except the 5.8-megadalton plasmid have been shown to code for beta-lactamase. the 6.4- and 5.2-megadalton plasmids of three isolates were conjugally transferable to a streptomycin-resistant mutant of h. ducreyi at high frequencies, perhaps d ... | 1982 | 6983859 |
| haemophilus influenzae: comparison of respiratory tract isolates with genitourinary tract isolates. | haemophilus influenzae isolates recovered from the genitourinary (gu) tract were shown to have a significantly different biotype distribution compared with respiratory tract isolates. biotype iv strains were recovered more commonly from the gu tract, and most strains were non-serotypable. antibiotic-susceptible strains isolated from the gu tract more frequently harbored plasmids of less than 10 megadaltons than did antibiotic-susceptible respiratory tract strains. one 2.8-megadalton plasmid resi ... | 1982 | 6984048 |
| isolation and rapid identification of haemophilus ducreyi. | during a 2-month period, 62 strains of haemophilus ducreyi were isolated from 168 genital lesions and 2 lymph node aspirates. of these strains, 22 were found on both chocolate agar and fetal bovine serum agar supplemented with vancomycin, 29 were found only on chocolate agar, and 9 were found only on fetal bovine serum agar. two additional strains were isolated on sheep blood agar. all of these isolates were correctly identified with the rapid nh system (innovative diagnostic systems, inc., deca ... | 1982 | 6984050 |
| identification of haemophilus ducreyi. | 1981 | 7018398 | |
| pseudogranuloma inguinale caused by haemophilus ducreyi. | we used a new selective culture medium to isolate haemophilus ducreyi from a penile ulcer that had the clinical appearance of granuloma inguinale. the isolation of the organism in pure culture permitted us to make a definitive diagnosis and obtain antimicrobial susceptibility data in a relatively short period. as a result, we were able to change therapy from sulfamethoxazole to erythromycin, and the infection rapidly healed. | 1982 | 7046641 |
| isolation of haemophilus ducreyi from patients with chancroid in auckland. | 1982 | 7050782 | |
| haemophilus ducreyi infections--time for reappraisal. | as the literature on haemophilus ducreyi and clinical chancroid is reviewed, it becomes obvious that many significant findings have been forgotten over the years. as a result, from the time of ducrey's original description of the organism in 1890 until about 1977, both clinical and laboratory experts in the united kingdom believed that h. ducreyi infections were rare, generally acquired abroad, and almost impossible to confirm in the routine laboratory! in consequence it was a common view that i ... | 1982 | 7153512 |
| incision and drainage versus aspiration of fluctuant buboes in the emergency department during an epidemic of chancroid. | to compare outcomes of incision and drainage with packing to needle aspiration of purulent buboes in patients with presumed chancroid. the safety and efficacy of incision and drainage were compared with that of needle aspiration. | 1995 | 7482103 |
| bacterial [cu,zn]-superoxide dismutase: phylogenetically distinct from the eukaryotic enzyme, and not so rare after all! | copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutases ([cu,zn]-sods) are generally considered almost exclusively eukaryotic enzymes, protecting the cytosol and extracellular compartments of higher organisms from damage by oxygen free-radicals. the recent description of a few examples of bacterial forms of the enzyme, located in the periplasm of different gram-negative micro-organisms, prompted a re-evaluation of this general perception. a pcr-based approach has been developed and used successfully t ... | 1995 | 7496539 |
| simplified pcr for detection of haemophilus ducreyi and diagnosis of chancroid. | a simplified pcr was developed for detection of haemophilus ducreyi in samples from chancroid patients. the strategy included a straightforward chloroform extraction sample preparation method, a one-tube nested pcr to minimize contamination risks, and a colorimetric method for detection of products. primers were designed from published nucleotide sequences of the 16s rrna gene of h. ducreyi, with longer outer primers for annealing at a higher temperature and shorter inner primers labelled with b ... | 1995 | 7540625 |
| chancroid: new developments in an old disease. | 1995 | 7546365 | |
| chancroid and haemophilus ducreyi: an update. | haemophilus ducreyi is a fastidious gram-negative bacillus that causes the sexually transmitted infection chancroid. chancroid is a major genital ulcerative disease in africa, southeast asia, the caribbean, and latin america and is of increasing concern in the united states. genital ulcerative disease and chancroid in particular have been associated with facilitating the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. the diagnosis of chancroid based on the clinical appearance of the genital lesio ... | 1995 | 7553570 |
| detection of haemophilus ducreyi lipooligosaccharide by means of an immunolimulus assay. | a murine monoclonal antibody (mab) directed against a surface-exposed epitope of the lipooligosaccharide (los) of haemophilus ducreyi strain 35000 was shown to be reactive with all 37 strains of this pathogen tested in a colony blot-radioimmunoassay. the los epitope bound by this mab appeared to be stably expressed by h. ducreyi growing in vitro. the use of this mab in the immunolimulus system revealed that it could detect purified h. ducreyi los at a level of 25 pg/ml. similarly, this immunolim ... | 1995 | 7561133 |
| in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from hiv- and hiv+ chancroid patients by haemophilus ducreyi antigens. | the cellular immune responses to fractionated haemophilus ducreyi antigens, coated on latex beads, were assessed in patients with chancroid and in controls, using an in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay. several fractions of h. ducreyi antigen revealed stimulating activity. however, only the molecular size ranges 91-78 kd, 59-29 kd, and 25-21 kd induced proliferation that may be specifically related to h. ducreyi infection. lymphocytes from four hiv- patients, successfully treated for chancro ... | 1995 | 7586673 |
| asymptomatic carriage of haemophilus ducreyi confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction. | to investigate asymptomatic carriage of haemophilus ducreyi by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on samples from women at high risk of infection. | 1995 | 7590712 |
| characterization of the hemolytic activity of haemophilus ducreyi. | h. ducreyi is the causative agent of chancroid, a genital ulcer disease most prevalent in developing countries. chancroid enhances the heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and is identified in focal outbreaks in the united states, but little is known about its pathogenesis. we studied the hemolysin produced by h. ducreyi because this molecule might be an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of chancroid. ten strains of h. ducreyi were tested on newly devised blood ... | 1995 | 7591078 |
| cytotoxin production in 100 strains of haemophilus ducreyi from different geographic locations. | one-hundred strains of haemophilus ducreyi, representing isolates from different parts of the world, including the reference strains, were obtained from different collections and characterized with special reference to cytotoxin production in vitro. the cytotoxic activity on cultured epithelial cells (hep-2) was examined with two methods. the activity in bacterial sonicates was tested on freshly trypsinated cells and strains manifesting little or no cytotoxic activity in sonicates were investiga ... | 1995 | 7607403 |
| chancroid detected by polymerase chain reaction--jackson, mississippi, 1994-1995. | chancroid is a sexually transmitted disease (std) caused by infection with haemophilus ducreyi and is characterized by genital ulceration. chancroid is underreported in the united states (1), reflecting, in part, difficulties in diagnosis because of clinical similarities between chancroid and other ulcerative stds. in addition, laboratory confirmation by culture is 53%-84% sensitive and often is unavailable in clinical settings (2). in september 1994, clinicians at the district v std clinic of t ... | 1995 | 7616954 |
| a system for generalized mutagenesis of haemophilus ducreyi. | the lack of a generalized mutagenesis system for haemophilus ducreyi has hampered efforts to identify virulence factors expressed by this sexually transmitted pathogen. to address this issue, the transposable element tn1545-delta 3, which encodes resistance to kanamycin, was evaluated for its ability to insert randomly into the h. ducreyi chromosome and produce stable, isogenic mutants. electroporation of h. ducreyi with 1 microgram of plasmid pms1 carrying tn1545-delta 3 resulted in the product ... | 1995 | 7622219 |
| swine model of haemophilus ducreyi infection. | haemophilus ducreyi is a strict human pathogen that causes sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease. we infected domestic swine with h. ducreyi 35000, resulting in the development of cutaneous ulcers histologically resembling human chancroid lesions. intraepidermal lesions progressed from pustules to ulcers containing polymorphonuclear leukocytes and were accompanied by a dermal inflammatory infiltrate containing t cells and macrophages. h. ducreyi was recovered from lesions up to 17 days afte ... | 1995 | 7622236 |
| chancroid epidemiology in new orleans men. | epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiologic data were collected from 299 men with nonsyphilitic genital ulcer disease. one hundred eighteen (39%) were culture-positive for haemophilus ducreyi, 57 (19%) were culture-positive for herpes simplex virus, and 124 (41%) were culture-negative. patients with chancroid were significantly more likely than those with genital herpes to have been frequent users of alcohol (44% vs. 23%, p = .006). they were also more likely recently to have used cocaine (25% vs ... | 1995 | 7622888 |
| localisation and immunological properties of a 24-kda surface protein of haemophilus ducreyi. | the cell wall and outer structures of haemophilus ducreyi bacteria were investigated. the 24-kda outer protein from two strains was purified with an sds-page preparative continuous-elution electrophoresis cell. the protein was further characterised by sds-page and immunoblotting, and the immunological properties were investigated by elisa. localisation on the bacterial surface was investigated by immuno-electron-microscopy with a polyclonal antiserum raised against the purified protein. a triple ... | 1995 | 7650727 |
| structural studies of lipooligosaccharides from haemophilus ducreyi itm 5535, itm 3147, and a fresh clinical isolate, acy1: evidence for intrastrain heterogeneity with the production of mutually exclusive sialylated or elongated glycoforms. | the structures of the lipooligosaccharides (loss) from haemophilus ducreyi itm 5535 and itm 3147 and a fresh clinical isolate, acy1, have been investigated. oligosaccharides were obtained from phenol-water-extracted los by mild acid hydrolysis and were studied by methylation analysis, fast atom bombardment and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the major oligosaccharide obtained from all strains was a nonasaccharide with the structure beta-d-g ... | 1995 | 7665520 |
| a quantitative chemiluminescent ribosomal probe method for monitoring adherence of haemophilus ducreyi to eukaryotic cells. | this study evaluated a commercially available chemiluminescent-labelled, ribosomal rna-directed dna probe (crp) as a method to quantitate attachment of h. ducreyi to human foreskin fibroblast (hff) cells. evaluation of four strains of h. ducreyi demonstrated that the crp assay was unaffected by eukaryotic cells and its advantages were: (i) quantitation was done after attachment so it did not interfere with the attachment process, and (ii) it was a rapid, reliable method for quantitating bound ba ... | 1994 | 7700133 |
| use of tissue culture and animal models to identify virulence-associated traits of haemophilus ducreyi. | to identify virulence-associated properties of haemophilus ducreyi, 34 strains of this sexually transmitted pathogen were evaluated for in vitro phenotypic characteristics of potential relevance to chancroid pathogenesis and for their ability to produce lesions in the temperature-dependent animal model for chancroid. of the 34 strains tested, all but three produced a cytopathic effect on human foreskin fibroblasts (hff) and all but six strains formed large microcolonies on hff monolayers. a subs ... | 1995 | 7729882 |
| inducible immunity with a pilus preparation booster vaccination in an animal model of haemophilus ducreyi infection and disease. | using the temperature-dependent rabbit model of haemophilus ducreyi infection as a quantitative virulence assay, we tested the abilities of two bacterial antigen preparations to induce protection against subsequent infection and disease. lipooligosaccharide (los) and a pilus preparation were purified from h. ducreyi 35000 and were used in a booster immunization procedure. the serologic response to each immunogen was monitored by enzyme immunoassay. h. ducreyi virulence was assayed by intraepithe ... | 1995 | 7729916 |