Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| amino acid sequence of iron-superoxide dismutase from pseudomonas ovalis. | the amino acid sequence of iron-superoxide dismutase from pseudomonas ovalis was deduced by the analyses of peptides derived from limited hydrolysis of the aminoethylated or pyridylethylated apoprotein with trypsin, staphylococcus aureus v8 protease, and dilute acid hydrolysis. the polypeptide chain contains 195 amino acid residues and has a calculated mr of 21,421. the sequence is highly homologous (65% identity) to the recently published sequence of the iron-superoxide dismutase from photobact ... | 1987 | 3666146 |
| new selective and differential medium for vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus. | thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar has been routinely used for the isolation of pathogenic vibrios, although its selectivity for vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus is inadequate. therefore, a new plating medium, cellobiose-polymyxin b-colistin agar, was developed for the isolation of these two species. cellobiose-polymyxin b-colistin agar demonstrated a significant advantage over other media designed for the isolation or differentiation of vibrios: of both the 136 strains representin ... | 1987 | 3674873 |
| [cloning and expression of genes of the luminescence system in photobacterium leiognathi]. | the genes of photobacterium leiognathi luminescence system were cloned in plasmid puc18. escherichia coli cells harboring a recombinant plasmid pphl1 are luminescent. pphl1 contains luciferase genes and genes responsible for aldehyde biosynthesis. the luminescence of escherichia coli is subject to autoinductor regulation similar to the one existing in luminescent bacteria. the 2.7 kb fragment of photobacterium leiognathi dna containing the genes for alpha- and beta-luciferase subunits were clone ... | 1987 | 3683427 |
| relationship between luminous fish and symbiosis. ii. chemical composition of lipopolysaccharides isolated from symbiotic luminous bacteria in the luminous marine fish, physiculus japonicus. | 1986 | 3702775 | |
| multiple regression analysis of toxic interactions: application to the microtox test and general comments. | 1986 | 3708174 | |
| comparison of the microtox test with the 96-hr lc50 test for the harpacticoid nitocra spinipes. | a comparison between the static 96-hr lc50 test with the brackish water harpacticoid nitocra spinipes and the microtox (beckman instruments, inc.) screening method has been done. the relationship between the two bioassays were evaluated for 16 pure and technical chemicals and 11 complex effluents from different types of industries. the correlation between the 96-hr lc50 values for nitocra and the 5-, 15-, and 30-min effective concentration (ec50) for pure and technical chemicals had r2 values ra ... | 1986 | 3709402 |
| intersubunit transfer of fatty acyl groups during fatty acid reduction. | fatty acid reduction in photobacterium phosphoreum is catalyzed in a coupled reaction by two enzymes: acyl-protein synthetase, which activates fatty acids (+atp), and a reductase, which reduces activated fatty acids (+nadph) to aldehyde. although the synthetase and reductase can be acylated with fatty acid (+atp) and acyl-coa, respectively, evidence for acyl transfer between these proteins has not yet been obtained. experimental conditions have now been developed to increase significantly (5-30- ... | 1986 | 3782102 |
| primary structure of cu-zn superoxide dismutase of brassica oleracea proves homology with corresponding enzymes of animals, fungi and prokaryotes. | the complete amino-acid sequence of cu-zn superoxide dismutase from white cabbage (brassica oleracea) is reported. the polypeptide chain consists of 151 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 15,604 da. the primary structure of the reduced and s-carboxymethylated protein was determined by automated solid phase sequence analysis of tryptic fragments and peptides obtained by digestion with staphylococcus aureus proteinase v8. the protein shows a free amino terminus as was found for all non-mammal ... | 1986 | 3790249 |
| bacteriocuprein superoxide dismutase of photobacterium leiognathi. isolation and sequence of the gene and evidence for a precursor form. | the gene encoding the bacteriocuprein superoxide dismutase from photobacterium leiognathi, american type culture collection strain 25521, was cloned in a puc12 vector and sequenced. the nucleotide sequence predicted a 22-residue leader peptide amino-terminal to the known bacteriocuprein sequence. the expected precursor bacteriocuprein was directly identified in the in vitro translation products of the cloned gene by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and automated edman degradation. enzymaticall ... | 1987 | 3805055 |
| analogs of the autoinducer of bioluminescence in vibrio fischeri. | the enzymes for luminescence in vibrio fischeri are induced only when a sufficient concentration of a metabolic product (autoinducer) specifically produced by this species accumulates. it has previously been shown that the autoinducer is 3-oxohexanoyl homoserine lactone and that it enters the cells by simple diffusion. to further study the mechanism of induction, we have synthesized several analogs of the autoinducer. the analogs were tested with v. fischeri for their inducing activity and for t ... | 1986 | 3813773 |
| evaluation of a new approach to the safety assessment of biomaterials. | the effectiveness of a bacterial luminescence inhibition assay in assessing the toxicity of compounds which are released from biomaterials was evaluated. luminescence from a strain of bacteria most closely resembling photobacterium phosphoreum was measured. the concentration that inhibited luminescence by 50% (ec50) was determined for selected plasticizers, monomers and additives. the intraperitoneal (i.p.-ald) and intravenous (i.v.-ald) approximate lethal doses were determined using mice. by ra ... | 1986 | 3816615 |
| purification of bacterial luciferase by high-performance liquid chromatography. | 1986 | 3821531 | |
| purification and properties of lumazine proteins from photobacterium strains. | 1986 | 3821534 | |
| bioluminescence test for genotoxic agents. | 1986 | 3821539 | |
| purification of bacterial luciferase by affinity methods. | 1986 | 3821554 | |
| spectroscopic investigations of the single tryptophan residue and of riboflavin and 7-oxolumazine bound to lumazine apoprotein from photobacterium leiognathi. | spectroscopic techniques have been applied to investigate the conformation, local structure, and dynamic properties of the apoprotein of the lumazine protein from photobacterium leiognathi and the holoprotein reconstituted with either the natural ligand 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine or the closely related analogues riboflavin and 6-methyl-7-oxo-8-ribityllumazine (7-oxolumazine). the analogues are bound similarly to the natural prosthetic group. they exhibit similar shifts on binding in their ab ... | 1987 | 3828324 |
| the presence of a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in the bacterium photobacterium leiognathi: a likely case of gene transfer from eukaryotes to prokaryotes. | the free-living bacterium photobacterium leiognathi is also known to be a symbiont of ponyfish. the presence of a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in p. leiognathi has been considered to be a case of gene transfer from eukaryotes to prokaryotes because this form of superoxide dismutase is normally present only in higher eukaryotic species. however, the amino acid sequence of the enzyme from the bacterium exhibited low identities (25-30%) with the same enzyme from eukaryotes. when amino acid muta ... | 1985 | 3855538 |
| a comparison of three microbial assay procedures for measuring toxicity of chemical residues. | 1985 | 3907513 | |
| selenium mediated reduction of the toxicity expression of cigarette smoke condensate in photobacterium phosphoreum. | 1986 | 3947767 | |
| identity of the metal ligands in the manganese- and iron-containing superoxide dismutases. | alignment of the amino acid sequence of peptides obtained following digestion of photobacterium leiognathi iron superoxide dismutase with the known sequence of bacillus stearothermophilus manganese superoxide dismutase shows that the residues found to form ligands to the manganese are conserved in the iron enzyme. this indicates that the metal ligands in both proteins are identical. | 1985 | 3967757 |
| fatty acyl-amp as an intermediate in fatty acid reduction to aldehyde in luminescent bacteria. | the acyl protein synthetase component (50k) of the fatty acid reductase complex from the luminescent system of photobacterium phosphoreum has been found to catalyze the activation of fatty acid via formation of an enzyme bound acyl-amp (carboxyphosphate mixed anhydride) immediately prior to the acylation of the enzyme. ppi-atp exchange and nucleotide binding experiments are dependent on fatty acid and indicate that the fatty acyl-amp is directly formed and that an adenylated enzyme intermediate ... | 1985 | 3968067 |
| purification of lumazine proteins from photobacterium leiognathi and photobacterium phosphoreum: bioluminescence properties. | bright strains of the marine bioluminescent bacterium photobacterium leiognathi produce a "lumazine protein" in amounts comparable to that previously found in photobacterium phosphoreum. new protocols are developed for the purification to homogeneity of the proteins from both species in yields up to 60%. in dimmer strains the amounts of lumazine protein in extracts are less, and also there is an accompanying shift of the bioluminescence spectral maximum to longer wavelength, 492 nm. both types o ... | 1985 | 3986184 |
| chemical characterization of lumazine protein from photobacterium leiognathi: comparison with lumazine protein from photobacterium phosphoreum. | the properties of lumazine proteins purified from the marine bioluminescent bacteria photobacterium phosphoreum, a psychrophile, and photobacterium leiognathi, a relatively thermophilic species, are compared. an accurate 1:1 stoichiometry of binding of the ligand 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine to each lumazine protein is established by back-titration of the apoprotein with the authentic ligand, using both fluorescence and absorption measurements. neither protein contains metal cofactors, organic ... | 1985 | 3986185 |
| spectral properties and function of two lumazine proteins from photobacterium. | the spectral properties are compared for two 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine proteins from marine bioluminescent bacteria, one from a psychrophile, photobacterium phosphoreum, and the other from a thermophile, photobacterium leiognathi. the visible spectral properties, which are the ones by which the protein performs its biological function of bioluminescence emission, are almost the same for the two proteins: at 2 degrees c and 50 mm pi, ph 7, fluorescence quantum yield phi f = 0.59 and 0.54, re ... | 1985 | 3986186 |
| physical characterization of lumazine proteins from photobacterium. | the physicochemical properties of photobacterium lumazine proteins have been investigated. the molecular weights obtained by several physical techniques are in good agreement, and the averages are 2% and 8% higher than the minimum molecular weights from amino acid and ligand content. the average molecular weights, sedimentation coefficients, and molecular radii are respectively the following: photobacterium leiognathi lumazine protein, 21 200 +/- 300, 2.18 s, and 22.9 a; photobacterium phosphore ... | 1985 | 3986187 |
| determination of rotational correlation times from deconvoluted fluorescence anisotropy decay curves. demonstration with 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine and lumazine protein from photobacterium leiognathi as fluorescent indicators. | the experimental and analytical protocols required for obtaining rotational correlation times of biological macromolecules from fluorescence anisotropy decay measurements are described. as an example, the lumazine protein from photobacterium leiognathi was used. this stable protein (mr 21 200) contains the noncovalently bound, natural fluorescent marker 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, which has in the bound state a long fluorescence lifetime (tau = 14 ns). shortening of the fluorescence lifetime ... | 1985 | 3986188 |
| quantitative structure-activity relationships and mixture toxicity of organic chemicals in photobacterium phosphoreum: the microtox test. | quantitative structure-activity relationships were calculated for the inhibition of bioluminescence of photobacterium phosphoreum by 22 nonreactive organic chemicals. the inhibition was measured using the microtox test and correlated with the partition coefficient between n-octanol and water (poct), molar refractivity (mr), and molar volume (mw/d). at log poct less than 1 and greater than 3, deviations from linearity were observed. introduction of mr and mw/d improved the quality of the relation ... | 1985 | 3987587 |
| osmotic control of luminescence and growth in photobacterium leiognathi from ponyfish light organs. | osmolarity was found to control the luminescence and growth of photobacterium leiognathi strain ln-1a isolated from the light organ of the ponyfish leiognathus nuchalis (family leiognathidae). low osmolarity (ca. 400 mosm) stimulated luminescence per cell 80 to 100-fold to a level (ca. 2.0 x 10(4) quanta . s-1 . cell-1) equal to that of bacteria taken directly from the light organ and increased the level of luciferase per cell 8 to 10-fold compared to high osmolarity (ca. 800 mosm). conversely, ... | 1985 | 3994483 |
| bacteriocuprein superoxide dismutases in pseudomonads. | two new instances of the rare bacteriocuprein form of superoxide dismutase have been discovered in pseudomonas diminuta and p. maltophilia. each species contains a manganese superoxide dismutase as well. eight other strains of pseudomonas and xanthomonas spp. lacked bacteriocupreins and contained either a manganese or an iron superoxide dismutase. native molecular weights and isoelectric points were determined for all these bacterial dismutases. a monospecific polyclonal antibody was prepared ag ... | 1985 | 3997777 |
| the amino acid sequences of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases from swordfish and photobacter leiognathi confirm the predictions made from the compositions. | recent suggestions that the amino acid sequence of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases of swordfish and photobacter leiognathi do not support the theory that the bacterium obtained the gene for the enzyme by transfer from its eucaryotic symbiont [rocha, h. a., bannister, w. h. and bannister, j. v. (1984) eur. j. biochem. 145, 477-484] are examined. the amount of difference between the sequence is in good agreement with expectation from the amino acid compositions. moreover, the gene-transfer h ... | 1985 | 4029137 |
| a comparison of the effects of cyanide, hydrogen peroxide, and phenylglyoxal on eucaryotic and procaryotic cu,zn superoxide dismutases. | the cu,zn superoxide dismutases from bovine liver, yeast, caulobacter crescentus, and photobacter leiognathi were compared for their susceptibilities to inhibition by cyanide and to inactivation by hydrogen peroxide and phenylglyoxal. all of these enzymes were affected by these reagents, albeit with some differences in sensitivity. the yeast and the bacterial enzymes were thus more sensitive to cyanide than was the bovine enzyme, while the bovine and the yeast enzymes were inactivated more rapid ... | 1985 | 4037799 |
| microtox and spirillum volutans tests for assessing toxicity of environmental samples. | 1985 | 4052646 | |
| [action of phenobarbital on bacterial luciferase of photobacterium fischeri]. | the effect of phenobarbital, a typical substrate of monooxygenases from higher organisms, on bioluminescence of the marine bacterium photobacterium fischeri and bacterial luciferase was studied. phenobarbital was shown to be an effective quenching agent owing to the interaction with cytochrome p-450, a terminal luciferase component. a competitive interrelation was found between phenobarbital and an aliphatic aldehyde, the substrate of the luminescent reaction. | 1985 | 4058324 |
| chemical properties of thiobarbituric acid-positive substances released from photobacterial lipopolysaccharides during acid hydrolysis. | 1985 | 4094573 | |
| structure and arrangement of flagella in species of the genus beneckea and photobacterium fischeri. | species of marine bacteria belonging to the genus beneckea and strains of photobacterium fischeri were negatively stained and examined by means of the electron microscope to determine the structure and arrangement of their flagella. all of the species of the genus beneckea had single, polar, sheathed flagella when grown in liquid medium. when grown on solid medium, most strains of b. campbellii and b. neptuna and all strains of b. alginolytica and b. parahaemolytica had unsheathed, peritrichous ... | 1971 | 4105030 |
| bioluminescence: fundamental and practical aspects. | 1973 | 4127503 | |
| the chemistry of bioluminescence. | 1973 | 4131760 | |
| enzymatic reduction of 5-deazariboflavine from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by direct hydrogen transfer. | 1974 | 4152873 | |
| extractable lipids of gram-negative marine bacteria: phospholipid composition. | phospholipid compositions of 20 strains of marine and estuarine bacteria were determined. results showed that phospholipids of marine bacteria differed very little from those of nonmarine organisms with phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol being the predominant phospholipids in all strains examined. lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine occurred in significant quantities among a number of the marine bacteria, and two of the isolates contained significant quantities ... | 1973 | 4197274 |
| isolation, enumeration, and host range of marine bdellovibrios. | 1974 | 4211210 | |
| the effect of flavin isomers and analogues upon the color of bacterial bioluminescence. | 1969 | 4306029 | |
| effect of phenethyl alcohol on bacterial bioluminescence. | 1969 | 4310417 | |
| determination of subpicomole levels of nadh and fmn using bacterial luciferase and the liquid scintillation spectrometer. | 1971 | 4324531 | |
| bioluminescent method for determining micro quantities of ammonia in a liquid scintillation spectrometer. | 1971 | 4330252 | |
| catabolite repression of bacterial bioluminescence: functional implications. | the synthesis of the bioluminescent system of the marine luminous bacterium photobacterium fischeri (strain mav) is subject to both transient and catabolite repression by glucose, and this repression can be reversed by adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. catabolite repression is a mechanism that characteristically controls the synthesis of inducible enzymes involved in energy metabolism. the fact that luciferase synthesis is subject to this control suggests that whatever its role(s) may be, it ... | 1972 | 4338581 |
| studies in bioluminescence. vii. bacterial nadh: flavin mononucleotide oxidoreductase. | 1972 | 4347626 | |
| photolumazines, new naturally occurring inhibitors of riboflavin synthetase. | 1973 | 4355564 | |
| the cyclic amp receptor of escherichia coli: immunological studies in extracts of escherichia coli and other organisms. | 1973 | 4356533 | |
| control of in vivo luminescence in psychrophilic marine photobacterium. | 1973 | 4360241 | |
| flavin binding by bacterial luciferase: affinity chromatography of bacterial luciferase. | 1974 | 4364563 | |
| mitochondrial functions under hypoxic conditions. the steady states of cytochrome c reduction and of energy metabolism. | 1974 | 4366888 | |
| bioluminescence assay: principles and practice. | 1968 | 4385967 | |
| photokinetic micro assay based on dehydrogenase reactions and bacterial luciferase. | 1971 | 4397566 | |
| effect of temperature on potency of anesthetic agents. | 1974 | 4413098 | |
| studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. vi. stoichiometry and mode of binding of fmnh2 and o2 to stripped luciferase. | 1974 | 4426891 | |
| iron containing superoxide dismutases from luminous bacteria. | 1974 | 4451675 | |
| studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. vii. interaction with carboxylic acid. | 1974 | 4452671 | |
| the aldehyde content of luminous bacteria and of an "aldehydeless" dark mutant. | fatty aldehydes, present in the luminescent cells of photobacterium phosphoreum and achromobacter fischeri, and to a very slight extent in the cells of a visually dark, "aldehydeless" mutant of the latter species, were extracted, purified, and oxidized to the corresponding acids. the acids were analyzed by mass spectrometry. the results, in conjunction with various other lines of evidence, indicate that saturated fatty aldehydes, comprising mostly dodecanal, tetradecanal, and hexadecanal, functi ... | 1974 | 4531008 |
| [maximum rate of bacterial reproduction and possibility of its determination]. | 1973 | 4584493 | |
| biological protection by superoxide dismutase. | 1973 | 4588214 | |
| natural antibodies and the intestinal flora of rodents. | 1974 | 4606835 | |
| purification and properties of bacterial luciferases. | 1972 | 4621600 | |
| anaesthesia and the living cell: specificity of action. | 1972 | 4630171 | |
| studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. ii. substrate specificity and stoichiometry of the reaction in vitro. | 1972 | 4634973 | |
| studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. 3. isolation and partial characterization of an enzyme-bound pigment. | 1972 | 4644322 | |
| flavine specificity of enzyme-substrate intermediates in the bacterial bioluminescent reaction. structural requirements of the flavine side chain. | 1973 | 4699979 | |
| isolation of d-erythro-neopterin 2':3'-cyclic phosphate from photobacterium phosphoreum. | 1973 | 4699996 | |
| [bioluminescence of bacteria--a rhythmic process]. | 1973 | 4701438 | |
| [dna base composition and taxonomic position of glucose-fermenting marine bacteria of the genus vibrio, and related genera]. | 1973 | 4707592 | |
| regulation of aspartokinase activity in the genus beneckea and marine, luminous bacteria. | 1973 | 4709503 | |
| bacterial bioluminescence-identification of fatty acid as product, its quantum yield and a suggested mechanism. | 1973 | 4712197 | |
| studies on yeast hemoglobin. the properties of yeast hemoglobin and its physiological function in the cell. | 1973 | 4713242 | |
| intermediates in the bacterial luciferase reaction. | 1973 | 4717759 | |
| studies on luciferase from photobacterium phosphoreum. iv. preparation and properties of stripped luciferase. | 1973 | 4770374 | |
| [influence of the nature of support on radiation dosage near the marginal surfaces during irradiation with soft x-rays]. | 1973 | 4778523 | |
| [stability of the properties of luminescent bacteria stored for a long time on vaseline oil]. | 1973 | 4791165 | |
| conversion of aldehyde to acid in the bacterial bioluminescent reaction. | 1973 | 4796920 | |
| [optimization of the nutrient medium composition for bacteria of the genus photobacterium]. | 1973 | 4799686 | |
| decyl nitrite: an aldehyde analog in the bacterial bioluminescence reaction. | 1974 | 4826468 | |
| the binding and spectral alterations of oxidized flavin mononucleotide by bacterial luciferase. | 1974 | 4830741 | |
| studies on luciferase form photobacterium phosphoreum. v. an enzyme-fmn intermediate complex in the bioluminescent reaction. | 1974 | 4834652 | |
| effects of superoxide radicals on myoblast growth and differentiation. | 1974 | 4834688 | |
| isolation of a new copper-containing superoxide dismutase bacteriocuprein. | 1974 | 4836277 | |
| effect of sodium chloride on growth of heterotrophic marine bacteria. | 1974 | 4837198 | |
| [studies in bioluminescence. 13. bacterial bioluminescence: demonstration and identification of the transformation product of aldehyde]. | 1974 | 4847069 | |
| a simple method for the mass culture of microorganisms with reference to photobacteria. | 1968 | 4874458 | |
| study of the physiological state of microorganisms in continuous cultures. | 1969 | 4897962 | |
| antagonistic relations in some marine psychrotrophic bacteria and enterobacteria. | 1970 | 4924656 | |
| taxonomy of marine bacteria: the genus beneckea. | one-hundred-and-forty-five isolates of marine origin were submitted to an extensive physiological, nutritional, and morphological characterization. all strains were gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, straight or curved rods which were motile by means of flagella. glucose was fermented with the production of acid but no gas. sodium but no organic growth factors were required. none of the strains were able to denitrify or fix molecular nitrogen. the results of nutritional and physiological te ... | 1971 | 4935323 |
| presence of rhapidosomes in various species of bacteria and their morphological characteristics. | rod-shaped structures have been observed in cells of pseudomonas, photobacterium, proteus, and saprospira by use of the negative-contrast stain. these structures, referred to as rhapidosomes, appear to be normal components of these cells. other bacteria including escherichia, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, micrococcus, bacillus, mycobacterium, rhodospirillum, and hydrogenomonas genera failed to reveal these structures. the rhapidosomes of saprospira were found to consist of two rods, one enca ... | 1967 | 4965198 |
| response of photobacterium fischeri h-2 to the pulsed electron beam. | 1970 | 4984885 | |
| [study in fluid media and at low temperature of reaction of bioluminescence emission of photobacterium leiognathi]. | 1970 | 4987002 | |
| [studies of bioluminescence. regulation of bacterial bioluminescence]. | 1970 | 4987732 | |
| inhibition and activation of bacterial luciferase synthesis. | luciferase synthesis is repressed when bioluminescent bacteria are inoculated into fresh medium but is induced after the cells have grown in the medium for some time. in minimal medium, an activator which leads to induction of the enzyme is released into the medium by the bacteria. complete medium contains a dialyzable and quite stable inhibitor which leads to repression of luciferase. the bacteria remove the inhibitor from the medium and also produce activator, thus allowing synthesis of the en ... | 1972 | 5011244 |
| the effect of temperature on the potency of halothane. | 1972 | 5016897 | |
| a sensitifve bacterial luminescence probe for o2 in biochemical systems. | 1972 | 5038288 | |
| bacterial bioluminescence. quantum yields and stoichiometry of the reactants reduced flavin mononucleotide, dodecanal, and oxygen, and of a product hydrogen peroxide. | 1972 | 5056079 | |
| the inhibition of bacterial luciferase by mixed function oxidase inhibitors. | 1972 | 5058230 | |
| optimal environmental conditions and nutrient concentrations for the synthesis of bacterial luciferase in photobacterium phosphoreum. | 1972 | 5078563 | |
| [dna composition and taxonomy of luminous bacteria]. | 1972 | 5084511 |