Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| avian influenza in north america, 2009-2011. | all reports of avian influenza virus infections in poultry and isolations from wild bird species in canada, the united states, and mexico between 2009 and 2011 involved low pathogenic avian influenza. all three countries reported outbreaks of low pathogenic notifiable avian influenza in poultry during this period. the reports involved outbreaks of h5n2 among commercial turkeys in canada in 2009 and 2010; outbreaks of h5n3 in turkeys in 2009, h5n2 in chickens in 2010, h7n3 in turkeys in 2011, and ... | 2012 | 23402102 |
| non-hydrolyzed in digestive tract and blood natural l-carnosine peptide ("bioactivated jewish penicillin") as a panacea of tomorrow for various flu ailments: signaling activity attenuating nitric oxide (no) production, cytostasis, and no-dependent inhibition of influenza virus replication in macrophages in the human body infected with the virulent swine influenza a (h1n1) virus. | influenza (flu) is caused by a highly contagious virus that is spread by coughs and sneezes. flu symptoms include high fever, chills and sweating, sore throat, weakness, headache, muscle and joint pains, and cough. older people and those with an underlying medical condition are more likely to develop serious complications, including secondary bacterial pneumonia, primary influenza pneumonia, and inflammation of the brain or heart. there are three types of flu virus: a, b, and c. the flu virus ha ... | 2013 | 23425625 |
| potency under pressure: the impact of hydrostatic pressure on antigenic properties of influenza virus hemagglutinin. | influenza vaccines are effective in protecting against illness and death caused by this seasonal pathogen. the potency of influenza vaccines is measured by single radial immunodiffusion (srid) assay that quantifies antigenic forms of hemagglutinin (ha). hydrostatic pressure results in loss of binding of influenza virus to red blood cells, but it is not known whether this infers loss of potency. | 2013 | 23496824 |
| antiviral activity of stachyflin on influenza a viruses of different hemagglutinin subtypes. | the hemagglutinin (ha) of influenza viruses is a possible target for antiviral drugs because of its key roles in the initiation of infection. although it was found that a natural compound, stachyflin, inhibited the growth of h1 and h2 but not h3 influenza viruses in mdck cells, inhibitory activity of the compound has not been assessed against h4-h16 influenza viruses and the precise mechanism of inhibition has not been clarified. | 2013 | 23587221 |
| glycosylation on hemagglutinin affects the virulence and pathogenicity of pandemic h1n1/2009 influenza a virus in mice. | the two glycosylation sites (asn142 and asn177) were observed in the ha of most human seasonal influenza a/h1n1 viruses, while none in pandemic h1n1/2009 influenza a (ph1n1) viruses. we investigated the effect of the two glycosylation sites on viral virulence and pathogenicity in mice using recombinant ph1n1. the h1n1/144 and h1n1/177 mutants which gained potential glycosylation sites asn142 and asn177 on ha respectively were generated from a/mexico/4486/2009(h1n1) by site-directed mutagenesis a ... | 2013 | 23637827 |
| sequence analysis of in vivo defective interfering-like rna of influenza a h1n1 pandemic virus. | influenza virus defective interfering (di) particles are naturally occurring noninfectious virions typically generated during in vitro serial passages in cell culture of the virus at a high multiplicity of infection. di particles are recognized for the role they play in inhibiting viral replication and for the impact they have on the production of infectious virions. to date, influenza virus di particles have been reported primarily as a phenomenon of cell culture and in experimentally infected ... | 2013 | 23678180 |
| swine, human or avian influenza viruses differentially activates porcine dendritic cells cytokine profile. | swine influenza virus (swiv) is considered a zoonosis and the fact that swine may act as an intermediate reservoir for avian influenza virus, potentially infectious for humans, highlights its relevance and the need to understand the interaction of different influenza viruses with the porcine immune system. thus, in vitro porcine bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (pobmdcs) were infected with a circulating swiv a/swine/spain/sf32071/2007(h3n2), 2009 human pandemic influenza virus a/catalonia/63/2 ... | 2013 | 23689011 |
| pandemic h1n1 influenza isolated from free-ranging northern elephant seals in 2010 off the central california coast. | interspecies transmission of influenza a is an important factor in the evolution and ecology of influenza viruses. marine mammals are in contact with a number of influenza reservoirs, including aquatic birds and humans, and this may facilitate transmission among avian and mammalian hosts. virus isolation, whole genome sequencing, and hemagluttination inhibition assay confirmed that exposure to pandemic h1n1 influenza virus occurred among free-ranging northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirost ... | 2013 | 23690933 |
| [design of deoxyribozymes for inhibition of influenza a virus]. | influenza a viruses take a significant place in human and animal pathology causing epidemics and epizootics. therefore, the development of new antiflu drugs has become more and more urgent. deoxyribozymes can be considered as promising antiviral agents due to their ability to efficiently and highly specifically cleave rna molecules. in this study, a number ofgenomic sequences of the most relevant influenza a virus subtypes, h5n1, h3n2, and h1n1, were analyzed. conservative regions were revealed ... | 2013 | 23705497 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of cold-adapted x-31 live attenuated pre-pandemic h5n1 influenza vaccines. | despite global efforts to control influenza viruses, they have taken a heavy toll on human public health worldwide. among particular threats is highly pathogenic avian h5n1 influenza virus (hpai) due to not only its high mortality in humans but also possible human-to-human transmission either through reassortment with other human influenza viruses such as 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus, or by genetic mutations. with the aim of developing effective vaccines against the h5n1 viruses, we genera ... | 2013 | 23742997 |
| molecular signature of high yield (growth) influenza a virus reassortants prepared as candidate vaccine seeds. | human influenza virus isolates generally grow poorly in embryonated chicken eggs. hence, gene reassortment of influenza a wild type (wt) viruses is performed with a highly egg adapted donor virus, a/puerto rico/8/1934 (pr8), to provide the high yield reassortant (hyr) viral 'seeds' for vaccine production. hyr must contain the hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) genes of wt virus and one to six 'internal' genes from pr8. most studies of influenza wt and hyrs have focused on the ha gene. the ... | 2013 | 23776579 |
| aptamers that bind to the hemagglutinin of the recent pandemic influenza virus h1n1 and efficiently inhibit agglutination. | influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) mediates both receptor (glycan) binding and membrane fusion for cell entry and has been the basis for typing influenza a viruses. in this study we have selected rna aptamers (d-12 and d-26) that specifically target the ha protein of the recent pandemic influenza virus pdmh1n1 (a/california/07/2009). among the selected aptamers the d-26 aptamer showed higher affinity for the ha of pdmh1n1 and was able to distinguish ha derived from other sub-types of influenza a ... | 2013 | 23791676 |
| [vaccination status of family physicians in the loire district, france]. | we surveyed the vaccination status of family physicians (fp) in the loire district (france) in 2010. | 2013 | 23806507 |
| the short stalk length of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus neuraminidase limits transmission of pandemic h1n1 virus in ferrets. | h5n1 influenza viruses pose a pandemic threat but have not acquired the ability to support sustained transmission between mammals in nature. the restrictions to transmissibility of avian influenza viruses in mammals are multigenic, and overcoming them requires adaptations in hemagglutinin (ha) and pb2 genes. here we propose that a further restriction to mammalian transmission of the majority of highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 viruses may be the short stalk length of the neuraminida ... | 2013 | 23864615 |
| full genome sequence of a natural reassortant h9n2 avian influenza virus isolated from domestic ducks in jiangsu province, china. | in this study, the complete genomic sequence of a novel reassortant h9n2 avian influenza virus (aiv) from domestic ducks in eastern china was reported. phylogenetic analysis showed that seven of the eight genes were all highly homologous to the chicken-origin h9n2 viruses, whereas the pb2 gene was homologous to the human-origin h1n1 virus, which suggested that domestic ducks might play a key role in the genetic reassortment and evolution of h9n2 aivs in eastern china. | 2013 | 23868123 |
| improved dual promotor-driven reverse genetics system for influenza viruses. | reverse genetic systems for influenza a virus (iav) allow the generation of genetically manipulated infectious virus from a set of transfected plasmid dnas encoding the eight genomic viral rna segments (vrna). for this purpose, cdnas representing these eight vrna segments are cloned into specific plasmid vectors that allow the generation of vrna-like transcripts using polymerase i (pol i). in addition, these plasmids support the transcription of viral mrna by polymerase ii (pol ii), leading to t ... | 2013 | 23886561 |
| study of immunogenicity of recombinant proteins based on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase conservative epitopes of influenza a virus. | recombinant hemagglutinin (rha) and neurominidase (rna) developed in our investigation are amino acid sequence consensus variants of h1n1 2009 subtype influenza virus strain, also including immunogenic epitopes typical for other influenza virus subtypes (h3n1 and h5n1). substitutions were made: typical for russian virus isolates (in ha - s220t, na - d248n) and in active centers of molecules - r118l, r293l, r368l; c92s, c417s to increase recombinant proteins stability in e. coli. the aim of the p ... | 2013 | 23969554 |
| highly pathogenic avian influenza virus nucleoprotein interacts with trex complex adaptor protein aly/ref. | we constructed a novel chicken (gallus gallus) lung cdna library fused inside yeast acting domain vector (pgadt7). using yeast two-hybrid screening with highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) nucleoprotein (np) from the strain (a/chicken/malaysia/5858/2004(h5n1)) as bait, and the gallus gallus lung cdna library as prey, a novel interaction between the gallus gallus cellular rna export adaptor protein aly/ref and the viral np was identified. this interaction was confirmed and validated with mam ... | 2013 | 24073193 |
| detection and isolation of influenza a virus subtype h1n1 from a small backyard swine herd in colorado. | influenza a virus subtype h1n1 a(h1n1)pdm09 was first confirmed in pigs in the united states in october 2009. in november 2010, lungs and intestines from 2 york piglets from a small, privately owned herd were submitted to the colorado state university veterinary diagnostic laboratory. the submitting veterinarian reported rapid weight loss and signs of pneumonia in the piglets. gross lesions included caudoventral pneumonia in both piglets, and histologic lesions in the lungs showed characteristic ... | 2013 | 24081929 |
| an na-deficient 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus mutant can efficiently replicate in cultured cells. | we identified a novel neuraminidase (na)-deficient virus that was a 2009 pandemic influenza h1n1 virus mutant. the mutant virus had a deletion of 1,009 nt in the na gene and lacked an enzymatic domain. although the yield of the na-deficient virus was limited, it formed large plaques when applied to mdck cell cultures, indicating that the virus was able to spread to adjacent cells. furthermore, the na-deficient virus was eluted from chicken erythrocytes at 37 °c, even in the presence of the antiv ... | 2014 | 24142272 |
| adjuvant efficacy of momv against avian influenza virus infection in mice. | highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 viruses are found chiefly in birds and have caused severe disease and death in infected humans. development of influenza vaccines capable of inducing heterosubtypic immunity against a broad range of influenza viruses is the best option for the preparedness, since vaccination remains the principal method in controlling influenza viral infections. here, a momv-adjuvanted recombinant h5n2 (rh5n2) whole virus antigen vaccine with a/environment/korea/w149/06(h5n ... | 2013 | 24173647 |
| new small molecule entry inhibitors targeting hemagglutinin-mediated influenza a virus fusion. | influenza viruses are a major public health threat worldwide, and options for antiviral therapy are limited by the emergence of drug-resistant virus strains. the influenza virus glycoprotein hemagglutinin (ha) plays critical roles in the early stage of virus infection, including receptor binding and membrane fusion, making it a potential target for the development of anti-influenza drugs. using pseudotype virus-based high-throughput screens, we have identified several new small molecules capable ... | 2014 | 24198411 |
| lactobacillus fermentum cjl-112 protects mice against influenza virus infection by activating t-helper 1 and eliciting a protective immune response. | we have previously reported that nasally administered lactobacillus fermentum cjl-112 (cjl-112) efficiently improves resistance against lethal influenza infection in both mice and chicken. the aim of the present study was to understand the underlying mechanisms of the significant anti-influenza activity of this lactobacilli strain. in vitro, co-culturing of the chicken macrophage cell line hd-11 with cjl-112 significantly increased nitric oxide (no) production. in vivo, cjl-112 was nasally admin ... | 2014 | 24201084 |
| anti-influenza activity of alchemilla mollis extract: possible virucidal activity against influenza virus particles. | influenza virus infection is a major public health problem that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. the emergence of resistance to the currently available anti-influenza agents has necessitated the development of new drugs with novel targets. studying known ethno-medicinal plants is a promising approach for the discovery of new antiviral compounds. alchemilla mollis is used in traditional medicine in europe for different indications, including minimizing the symptoms of a sore throat. ... | 2013 | 24270383 |
| effects of different polymerases of avian influenza viruses on the growth and pathogenicity of a/puerto rico/8/1934 (h1n1)-derived reassorted viruses. | we generated reassorted pr8 viruses containing six different combinations of avian influenza virus (aiv) polymerase genes from a/chicken/korea/01310/2001 (h9n2) (01310) and a/chicken/korea/kbnp-0028/2000 (h9n2) (0028) to examine the effects of the aiv polymerase genes pb1, pb2, and pa on replication efficiency in different host cells and pathogenicity in mice. the virus titers of the reassorted viruses possessing 01310 [rpr8-pb2(01310)] and 0028 [rpr8-pb2(0028)] pb2 genes were significantly high ... | 2014 | 24296300 |
| detection and isolation of 2009 pandemic influenza a/h1n1 virus in commercial piggery, lagos nigeria. | who declared pandemic of a/h1n1 influenza in 2009 following global spread of the newly emerged strain of the virus from swine. presently there is a dearth of data on the ecology of pandemic influenza h1n1 required for planning of intervention measures in sub saharan africa. herein we report isolation of 2009 pandemic influenza a/h1n1 in an intensive mega piggery farms operation in south west nigeria. sentinel surveillance was carried out in a cohort of intensively reared pigs over a period of tw ... | 2014 | 24321146 |
| egg- or cell culture-derived hemagglutinin mutations impair virus stability and antigen content of inactivated influenza vaccines. | egg-derived viruses are the only available seed material for influenza vaccine production. vaccine manufacturing is done in embryonated chicken eggs, mdck or vero cells. in order to contribute to efficient production of influenza vaccines, we investigate whether the quality of inactivated vaccines is influenced by the propagation substrate. we demonstrate that h3n2 egg-derived seed viruses (a/brisbane/10/07, ivr147, and a/uruguay/716/07) triggered the hemagglutinin (ha) conformational change und ... | 2014 | 24323790 |
| changes in the ns1 gene of avian influenza viruses isolated in thailand affect expression of type i interferon in primary chicken embryonic fibroblast cells. | the non-structural protein 1 (ns1) of avian influenza virus was defined as one of the virulent factors. to understand the effect of ns1 protein of influenza virus h5n1 isolated in thailand on type i (α/β) interferon (ifn) synthesis, five reverse genetic viruses were constructed and used as models. the viruses were generated using ns genomic segment from a/peurto rico/8/1934 (h1n1) and four avian influenza viruses isolated from the first outbreak in thailand. all the viruses have the rest of the ... | 2013 | 24426299 |
| heterosubtypic protective immunity against widely divergent influenza subtypes induced by fusion protein 4sm2 in balb/c mice. | regular reformulation of currently available vaccines is necessary due to the unpredictable variability of influenza viruses. therefore, vaccine based on a highly conserved antigen with capability of induction of effective immune responses could be a potential solution. influenza matrix protein-2 (m2) is highly conserved across influenza subtypes and a promising candidate for a broadly protective influenza vaccine. for the enhancement of broad protection, four tandem copies of consensus m2 gene ... | 2014 | 24502341 |
| shortening the unstructured, interdomain region of the non-structural protein ns1 of an avian h1n1 influenza virus increases its replication and pathogenicity in chickens. | currently circulating h5n1 influenza viruses have undergone a complex evolution since the appearance of their progenitor a/goose/guangdong/1/96 in 1996. after the eradication of the h5n1 viruses that emerged in hong kong in 1997 (hk/97 viruses), new genotypes of h5n1 viruses emerged in the same region in 2000 that were more pathogenic for both chickens and mice than hk/97 viruses. these, as well as virtually all highly pathogenic h5n1 viruses since 2000, harbour a deletion of aa 80-84 in the uns ... | 2014 | 24694396 |
| recombinant influenza h1, h5 and h9 hemagglutinins containing replaced h3 hemagglutinin transmembrane domain showed enhanced heterosubtypic protection in mice. | influenza a viruses cause annual epidemics and irregular pandemics. a vaccine with heterosubtypic protection (hetero-protection) has been needed. in the present study, various influenza h1, h3, h5, and h9 hemagglutinin (ha) proteins were expressed in insect cells, and then mice were subcutaneously immunized with the expressed ha proteins, and challenged by influenza a viruses (a/puerto rico/8/1934 (h1n1) or a/chicken/guangdong/96 (h9n2)). the results first showed that wild-type h3 hemagglutinin ... | 2014 | 24704333 |
| mucosal vaccination with recombinant lactobacillus casei-displayed cta1-conjugated consensus matrix protein-2 (sm2) induces broad protection against divergent influenza subtypes in balb/c mice. | to develop a safe and effective mucosal vaccine against pathogenic influenza viruses, we constructed recombinant lactobacillus casei strains that express conserved matrix protein 2 with (pgsa-cta1-sm2/l. casei) or without (pgsa-sm2/l. casei) cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) on the surface. the surface localization of the fusion protein was verified by cellular fractionation analyses, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. oral and nasal inoculations of recombinant l. casei into mice re ... | 2014 | 24714362 |
| influenza viral vectors expressing the brucella omp16 or l7/l12 proteins as vaccines against b. abortus infection. | we generated novel, effective candidate vaccine against brucella abortus based on recombinant influenza viruses expressing the brucella ribosomal protein l7/l12 or outer membrane protein (omp)-16 from the ns1 open reading frame. the main purpose of this work was to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and protectiveness of vaccine candidate in laboratory animals. | 2014 | 24716528 |
| apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine response of mast cells induced by influenza a viruses. | the pathogenesis of the influenza a virus has been investigated heavily, and both the inflammatory response and apoptosis have been found to have a definitive role in this process. the results of studies performed by the present and other groups have indicated that mast cells may play a role in the severity of the disease. to further investigate cellular responses to influenza a virus infection, apoptosis and inflammatory response were studied in mouse mastocytoma cell line p815. this is the fir ... | 2014 | 24923273 |
| genetic characterization and evolution of h1n1pdm09 after circulation in a swine farm. | following the emergence of the a(h1n1)pdm09 in humans, this novel influenza virus was reverse transmitted from infected people to swine population worldwide. in this study we investigated the molecular evolution of a(h1n1)pdm09 virus identified in pigs reared in a single herd. nasal swabs taken from pigs showing respiratory distress were tested for influenza type a and a(h1n1)pdm09 by real-time rt-pcr assays. virus isolation from positive samples was attempted by inoculation of nasal swabs sampl ... | 2014 | 25025062 |
| association of swine influenza h1n1 pandemic virus (siv-h1n1p) with porcine respiratory disease complex in sows from commercial pig farms in colombia. | porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) is a serious health problem that mainly affects growing and finishing pigs. prdc is caused by a combination of viral and bacterial agents, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), swine influenza virus (siv), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (myh), actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app), pasteurella multocida and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2). to characterize the specific role of swine influenza virus in prdc presentation in colombia, 1 ... | 2014 | 25160760 |
| antibody response to dna vaccine against h5n1 avian influenza virus in broilers immunized according to three schedules. | broiler type chickens were immunized intramuscularly with a dna vaccine encoding hemagglutinin (ha) from h5n1 avian influenza virus. the chickens were divided into four groups: control group which was not immunized, a group which obtained only one dose, and two groups which were immunized twice, one group with a boost two weeks after the priming and the other four weeks. blood samples were collected at several time points and the dynamics of the humoral response to the vaccine was studied. high ... | 2014 | 25180224 |
| a human-like h1n2 influenza virus detected during an outbreak of acute respiratory disease in swine in brazil. | passive monitoring for detection of influenza a viruses (iavs) in pigs has been carried out in brazil since 2009, detecting mostly the a(h1n1)pdm09 influenza virus. since then, outbreaks of acute respiratory disease suggestive of influenza a virus infection have been observed frequently in brazilian pig herds. during a 2010-2011 influenza monitoring, a novel h1n2 influenza virus was detected in nursery pigs showing respiratory signs. the pathologic changes were cranioventral acute necrotizing br ... | 2015 | 25209152 |
| filament-producing mutants of influenza a/puerto rico/8/1934 (h1n1) virus have higher neuraminidase activities than the spherical wild-type. | influenza virus exhibits two morphologies - spherical and filamentous. strains that have been grown extensively in laboratory substrates are comprised predominantly of spherical virions while clinical or low passage isolates produce a mixture of spheres and filamentous virions of varying lengths. the filamentous morphology can be lost upon continued passage in embryonated chicken eggs, a common laboratory substrate for influenza viruses. the fact that the filamentous morphology is maintained in ... | 2014 | 25383873 |
| protection of mice against pandemic h1n1 influenza virus challenge after immunization with baculovirus-expressed stabilizing peptide fusion hemagglutinin protein. | current influenza vaccines are produced in embryonated chicken eggs. however, egg-based vaccines have various problems. to address these problems, recombinant protein vaccines have been developed as new vaccine candidates. unfortunately, recombinant proteins frequently encounter aggregation and low stability during their biogenesis. it has been previously demonstrated that recombinantly expressed proteins can be greatly stabilized with high solubility by fusing stabilizing peptide (sp) derived f ... | 2015 | 25394603 |
| a vero-cell-adapted vaccine donor strain of influenza a virus generated by serial passages. | a cell culture-based vaccine production system is preferred for the large-scale production of influenza vaccines and has advantages for generating vaccines against highly pathogenic influenza a viruses. vero cells have been widely used in human vaccine manufacturing, and the safety of these cells has been well demonstrated. however, the most commonly used influenza-vaccine donor virus, a/puerto rico/8/1934 (pr8) virus, does not grow efficiently in vero cells. therefore, we adapted the pr8 virus ... | 2015 | 25448099 |
| synergistic effect of nitazoxanide with neuraminidase inhibitors against influenza a viruses in vitro. | the emergence of drug-resistant influenza a virus (iav) strains represents a serious threat to global human health and underscores the need for novel approaches to anti-influenza chemotherapy. combination therapy with drugs affecting different iav targets represents an attractive option for influenza treatment. we have previously shown that the thiazolide anti-infective nitazoxanide (ntz) inhibits h1n1 iav replication by selectively blocking viral hemagglutinin maturation. herein we investigate ... | 2015 | 25451059 |
| comparison of pandemrix and arepanrix, two ph1n1 as03-adjuvanted vaccines differentially associated with narcolepsy development. | narcolepsy onset in children has been associated with the 2009 influenza a h1n1 pandemic and vaccination with pandemrix. however it was not clearly observed with other adjuvanted ph1n1 vaccines such as arepanrix or focetria. our aim was to characterize the differences between pandemrix and arepanrix that might explain the risk for narcolepsy after pandemrix vaccination using 2d-dige and mass spectrometry (ms). we found that pandemrix (2009 batch) and arepanrix (2010 batch) showed 5 main viral pr ... | 2015 | 25452148 |
| inhibition of reactive oxygen species production ameliorates inflammation induced by influenza a viruses via upregulation of socs1 and socs3. | highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection is associated with severe mortality in both humans and poultry. the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and immunity are poorly understood although recent evidence suggests that cytokine/chemokine dysregulation contributes to disease severity following h5n1 infection. influenza a virus infection causes a rapid influx of inflammatory cells, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species production, cytokine expression, and acute lung injury. proinf ... | 2015 | 25520513 |
| chicken and duck myotubes are highly susceptible and permissive to influenza virus infection. | skeletal muscle, at 30 to 40% of body mass, is the most abundant soft tissue in the body. besides its primary function in movement and posture, skeletal muscle is a significant innate immune organ with the capacity to produce cytokines and chemokines and respond to proinflammatory cytokines. little is known about the role of skeletal muscle during systemic influenza a virus infection in any host and particularly avian species. here we used primary chicken and duck multinucleated myotubes to exam ... | 2015 | 25540384 |
| sentinel physician's network in reunion island: a tool for infectious diseases surveillance. | the surveillance of infectious diseases in reunion island is based on a sentinel network of family physicians (fps) coordinated by the indian ocean regional institute for public health surveillance (french acronym oi cire). the objectives are to identify and monitor outbreaks of influenza, gastroenteritis, and chicken pox, and to characterize circulating influenza viruses. the network can monitor other potentially epidemic diseases. | 2015 | 25575412 |
| influenza viruses with receptor-binding n1 neuraminidases occur sporadically in several lineages and show no attenuation in cell culture or mice. | in nearly all characterized influenza viruses, hemagglutinin (ha) is the receptor-binding protein while neuraminidase (na) is a receptor-cleaving protein that aids in viral release. however, in recent years, several groups have described point mutations that confer receptor-binding activity on na, albeit in laboratory rather than natural settings. one of these mutations, d151g, appears to arise in the na of recent human h3n2 viruses upon passage in tissue culture. we inadvertently isolated the s ... | 2015 | 25609803 |
| pa-x decreases the pathogenicity of highly pathogenic h5n1 influenza a virus in avian species by inhibiting virus replication and host response. | pa-x is a newly discovered protein that decreases the virulence of the 1918 h1n1 virus in a mouse model. however, the role of pa-x in the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpaiv) of the h5n1 subtype in avian species is totally unknown. by generating two pa-x-deficient viruses and evaluating their virulence in different animal models, we show here that pa-x diminishes the virulence of the hpaiv h5n1 strain a/chicken/jiangsu/k0402/2010 (ck10) in mice, chickens, and ducks. ... | 2015 | 25631083 |
| mammalian adaptive mutations of the pa protein of highly pathogenic avian h5n1 influenza virus. | highly pathogenic h5n1 influenza a viruses continue to circulate among avian species and cause sporadic cases of human infection. therefore, the threat of a pandemic persists. however, the human cases of h5n1 infection have been limited mainly to individuals in close contact with infected poultry. these findings suggest that the h5n1 viruses need to acquire adaptive mutations to gain a replicative advantage in mammalian cells to break through the species barrier. many amino acid mutations of the ... | 2015 | 25631084 |
| protection against multiple influenza a virus strains induced by candidate recombinant vaccine based on heterologous m2e peptides linked to flagellin. | matrix 2 protein ectodomain (m2e) is considered a promising candidate for a broadly protective influenza vaccine. m2e-based vaccines against human influenza a provide only partial protection against avian influenza viruses because of differences in the m2e sequences. in this work, we evaluated the possibility of obtaining equal protection and immune response by using recombinant protein on the basis of flagellin as a carrier of the m2e peptides of human and avian influenza a viruses. recombinant ... | 2015 | 25799221 |
| 14-deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide exerts anti-influenza a virus activity and inhibits replication of h5n1 virus by restraining nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. | the highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus has become a worldwide public health threat, and current antiviral therapies have limited activity against the emerging, resistant influenza viruses. therefore, effective drugs with novel targets against influenza a viruses, h5n1 strains in particular, should be developed. in the present study, 14-deoxy-11,12-dehydroandrographolide (dap), a major component of the traditional chinese medicine andrographis paniculata, exerted potent anti-influenza a ... | 2015 | 25800824 |
| antiviral effect of methylated flavonol isorhamnetin against influenza. | influenza is an infectious respiratory disease with frequent seasonal epidemics that causes a high rate of mortality and morbidity in humans, poultry, and animals. influenza is a serious economic concern due to the costly countermeasures it necessitates. in this study, we compared the antiviral activities of several flavonols and other flavonoids with similar, but distinct, hydroxyl or methyl substitution patterns at the 3, 3', and 4' positions of the 15-carbon flavonoid skeleton, and found that ... | 2015 | 25806943 |
| cell culture-based influenza vaccines: a necessary and indispensable investment for the future. | the traditional platform of using embryonated chicken eggs for the production of influenza vaccines has several drawbacks including the inability to meet the volume of required doses in the case of widespread epidemics and pandemics. cell culture platforms have therefore been explored in the last 2 decades, and have attracted further attention following the h1n1 pandemic outbreak. this platform, while not the most economical for large-scale production, has several advantages, and can supplement ... | 2015 | 25875691 |
| [detection of the new influenza a subtype h1pdmn2 in a pig holding with severe respiratory symptoms]. | early in 2012 fattening pigs in a pig holding in northern baden-württemberg developed serious respiratory disease. after detecting influenza a specific rna by real time-rt-pcr in the lung of an euthanized pig, virus isolation was achieved in embryonated chicken eggs. the haemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test performed on this isolate showed a reaction with h1n1 specific serum, so the strain was initially characterised as subtype h1n1. however, serum samples from convalescent pigs of the same st ... | 2015 | 25876280 |
| molecular responses to the influenza a virus in chicken trachea-derived cells. | the influenza a virus infects a broad range of species and spreads easily through the respiratory tract. because of these characteristics, the influenza a virus has caused pandemic disease in humans and livestock. to investigate the early molecular responses after influenza a virus infection in chickens, we infected tracheal epithelial cells derived from 20-day-old chick embryos with influenza a virus (h1n1). the gene expression patterns of the infected tracheal epithelial cells were analyzed vi ... | 2015 | 25877411 |
| intra-host viral variability in children clinically infected with h1n1 (2009) pandemic influenza. | recent in-depth genetic analyses of influenza a virus samples have revealed patterns of intra-host viral genetic variability in a variety of relevant systems. these have included laboratory infected poultry, horses, pigs, chicken eggs and swine respiratory cells, as well as naturally infected poultry and horses. in humans, next generation sequencing techniques have enabled the study of genetic variability at specific positions of the viral genome. the present study investigated how 454 pyroseque ... | 2015 | 25891282 |
| [engineering by reverse genetics and characterization of the new reassortant influenza virus strain h5n1]. | reverse genetics was applied to engineering of the reassortantvaccine candidate strain against highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpaivs) of the h5 subtype. the new strain recpr8-h5n1 contains the ha gene from the russian hpaiv a/kurgan/05/2005 (h5n1), the na and internal genes from a/puerto rico/8/34 (h1n1). the strain recpr8-h5n1 demonstrated the antigenic specificity (h5), high proliferation rate in 12 days chicken embryos, and was lethal for the embryos in 36 hours. an inactivated em ... | 2014 | 25929032 |
| antiviral effects of novel herbal medicine kiom-c, on diverse viruses. | in order to identify new potential antiviral agents, recent studies have advocated thorough testing of herbal medicines or natural substances that are traditionally used to prevent viral infections. antiviral activities and the mechanism of action of the total aqueous extract preparation of kiom-c, a novel herbal medicine, against diverse types of viruses were investigated. in vitro antiviral activity against a/puerto rico/8/34 (h1n1) (pr8), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and newcastle diseas ... | 2015 | 25942440 |
| specific inhibitory effect of κ-carrageenan polysaccharide on swine pandemic 2009 h1n1 influenza virus. | the 2009 influenza a h1n1 pandemic placed unprecedented demands on antiviral drug resources and the vaccine industry. carrageenan, an extractive of red algae, has been proven to inhibit infection and multiplication of various enveloped viruses. the aim of this study was to examine the ability of κ-carrageenan to inhibit swine pandemic 2009 h1n1 influenza virus to gain an understanding of antiviral ability of κ-carrageenan. it was here demonstrated that κ-carrageenan had no cytotoxicity at concen ... | 2015 | 25969984 |
| egg-adaptive mutations in h3n2v vaccine virus enhance egg-based production without loss of antigenicity or immunogenicity. | the recently detected zoonotic h3n2 variant influenza a (h3n2v) viruses have caused 343 documented cases of human infection linked to contact with swine. an effective vaccine is needed for these viruses, which may acquire transmissibility among humans. however, viruses isolated from human cases do not replicate well in embryonated chicken eggs, posing an obstacle to egg-based vaccine production. to address this issue, we sought to identify egg-adaptive mutations in surface proteins that increase ... | 2015 | 25999284 |
| identification of influenza a virus pb2 residues involved in enhanced polymerase activity and virus growth in mammalian cells at low temperatures. | mutations in the polymerase genes are known to play a major role in avian influenza virus adaptation to mammalian hosts. despite having avian origin pa and pb2, the 2009 pandemic h1n1 virus (ph1n1) can replicate well in mammalian respiratory tracts, suggesting that these proteins have acquired mutations for efficient growth in humans. we have previously shown that pa from the ph1n1 virus a/california/04/09 (cal) strongly enhances activity of an otherwise avian polymerase complex derived from a/c ... | 2015 | 26018156 |
| the infection of turkeys and chickens by reassortants derived from pandemic h1n1 2009 and avian h9n2 influenza viruses. | outbreaks of pandemic h1n1 2009 (ph1n1) in turkeys have been reported in several countries. co-infection of ph1n1 and avian h9n2 influenza viruses in turkeys provide the opportunity for their reassortment, and novel reassortant viruses might further be transmitted to other avian species. however, virulence and transmission of those reassortant viruses in poultry remain unclear. in the present study, we generated 16 single-gene reassortant influenza viruses including eight reassortants on the ph1 ... | 2015 | 26030097 |
| prevalence and characterization of influenza viruses in diverse species in los llanos, colombia. | while much is known about the prevalence of influenza viruses in north america and eurasia, their prevalence in birds and mammals in south america is largely unknown. to fill this knowledge gap and provide a baseline for future ecology and epidemiology studies, we conducted 2 years of influenza surveillance in the eastern plains (los llanos) region of colombia. real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) identified influenza viruses in wild birds, domestic poultry, swine a ... | 2013 | 26038461 |
| host adaptation and the alteration of viral properties of the first influenza a/h1n1pdm09 virus isolated in japan. | a/narita/1/2009 (a/n) was the first h1n1 virus from the 2009 pandemic (h1pdm) to be isolated in japan. to better understand and predict the possible development of this virus strain, the effect of passaging a/n was investigated in madin-darby canine kidney cells, chicken eggs and mice. a/n that had been continuously passaged in cells, eggs, or mice obtained the ability to grow efficiently in each host. moreover, a/n grown in mice had both a high level of pathogenicity in mice and an increased gr ... | 2015 | 26079133 |
| attenuation of the influenza virus by microrna response element in vivo and protective efficacy against 2009 pandemic h1n1 virus in mice. | the 2009 influenza pandemics underscored the need for effective vaccines to block the spread of influenza virus infection. most live attenuated vaccines utilize cold-adapted, temperature-sensitive virus. an alternative to live attenuated virus is presented here, based on microrna-induced gene silencing. | 2015 | 26163223 |
| mucosally administered lactobacillus surface-displayed influenza antigens (sm2 and ha2) with cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) induce broadly protective immune responses against divergent influenza subtypes. | the development of a universal influenza vaccine that provides broad cross protection against existing and unforeseen influenza viruses is a critical challenge. in this study, we constructed and expressed conserved sm2 and ha2 influenza antigens with cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) on the surface of lactobacillus casei (pgsa-cta1sm2ha2/l. casei). oral and nasal administrations of recombinant l. casei into mice resulted in high levels of serum immunoglobulin g (igg) and their isotypes (igg1 & igg ... | 2015 | 26210951 |
| development of high-yield influenza a virus vaccine viruses. | vaccination is one of the most cost-effective ways to prevent infection. influenza vaccines propagated in cultured cells are approved for use in humans, but their yields are often suboptimal. here, we screened a/puerto rico/8/34 (pr8) virus mutant libraries to develop vaccine backbones (defined here as the six viral rna segments not encoding haemagglutinin and neuraminidase) that support high yield in cell culture. we also tested mutations in the coding and regulatory regions of the virus, and c ... | 2015 | 26334134 |
| duck interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 3 mediates restriction of influenza viruses. | interferon-inducible transmembrane proteins (ifitms) can restrict the entry of a wide range of viruses. ifitm3 localizes to endosomes and can potently restrict the replication of influenza a viruses (iav) and several other viruses that also enter host cells through the endocytic pathway. here, we investigate whether ifitms are involved in protection in ducks, the natural host of influenza virus. we identify and sequence duck ifitm1, ifitm2, ifitm3, and ifitm5. using quantitative pcr (qpcr), we d ... | 2015 | 26468537 |
| type iii interferon gene expression in response to influenza virus infection in chicken and duck embryonic fibroblasts. | type iii interferons (ifn-λs) comprise a group of newly identified antiviral cytokines that are functionally similar to type i ifns and elicit first-line antiviral responses. recently, type iii ifns were identified in several species; however, little information is available about type iii ifns in ducks. we compared the expression of type iii ifns and their receptor in chicken embryonic fibroblasts (cefs) and duck embryonic fibroblasts (defs) in response to influenza virus infection. the results ... | 2015 | 26598110 |
| generation of a reassortant avian influenza virus h5n2 vaccine strain capable of protecting chickens against infection with egyptian h5n1 and h9n2 viruses. | avian influenza h5n1 viruses have been enzootic in egyptian poultry since 2006. avian influenza h9n2 viruses which have been circulating in egyptian poultry since 2011 showed high replication rates in embryonated chicken eggs and mammalian cells. | 2016 | 26620838 |
| development of a high-yield reassortant influenza vaccine virus derived from the a/anhui/1/2013 (h7n9) strain. | in april 2013, the first three fatal cases of human infection with an avian influenza a virus (h7n9) were reported in china. because of a pandemic threat by this virus, we have commenced to develop candidate vaccine viruses (cvvs). three 6:2 genetic reassortant viruses with different hemagglutinin (ha) sequences, niidrg-10, -10.1 and -10.2, were generated by a reverse genetics technique between the high egg-growth master virus, a/puerto rico/8/34 (h1n1) and a/anhui/1/2013 (h7n9), kindly provided ... | 2016 | 26657023 |
| sialic acid content in human saliva and anti-influenza activity against human and avian influenza viruses. | it was shown previously that human saliva has higher antiviral activity against human influenza viruses than against h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, and that the major anti-influenza activity was associated with sialic-acid-containing molecules. to further characterize the differential susceptibility to saliva among influenza viruses, seasonal influenza a and b virus, pandemic h1n1 virus, and 15 subtypes of avian influenza virus were tested for their susceptibility to human and c ... | 2016 | 26671828 |
| a dna aptamer against influenza a virus: an effective inhibitor to the hemagglutinin-glycan interactions. | most therapeutical nucleic acid aptamers tend to inhibit protein-protein interactions and thereby function as antagonists. attachment of the influenza virus surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (ha) to sialic acid-containing host cell receptors (glycan) facilitates the initial stage of viral infection. inhibition of the attachment may result in an antiviral effect on the proliferation of the influenza virus. to develop therapeutically interesting agents, we selected two single-stranded dna (ssdna) ... | 2016 | 26904922 |
| human h7n9 virus induces a more pronounced pro-inflammatory cytokine but an attenuated interferon response in human bronchial epithelial cells when compared with an epidemiologically-linked chicken h7n9 virus. | avian influenza virus h7n9 has jumped species barrier, causing sporadic human infections since 2013. we have previously isolated an h7n9 virus from a patient, and an h7n9 virus from a chicken in a live poultry market where the patient visited during the incubation period. these two viruses were genetically highly similar. this study sought to use a human bronchial epithelial cell line model to infer the virulence of these h7n9 viruses in humans. | 2016 | 26975414 |
| comparison of pathogenicities of h7 avian influenza viruses via intranasal and conjunctival inoculation in cynomolgus macaques. | the outbreak of h7n9 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in china has attracted attention to h7 influenza virus infection in humans. since we have shown that the pathogenicity of h1n1 and h5n1 influenza viruses in macaques was almost the same as that in humans, we compared the pathogenicities of h7 avian influenza viruses in cynomolgus macaques via intranasal and conjunctival inoculation, which mimics natural infection in humans. h7n9 virus, as well as h7n7 highly pathogenic avian influenza v ... | 2016 | 26994587 |
| construction high-yield candidate influenza vaccine viruses in vero cells by reassortment. | usage of influenza vaccine is the best choice measure for preventing and conclusion of influenza virus infection. although it has been used of chicken embryo to produce influenza vaccine, following with who recommended vaccine strain, there were uncontrollable factors and its deficiencies, specially, during an influenza pandemic in the world. the vero cells are used for vaccine production of a few strains including influenza virus, because of its homology with human, recommended by who. however, ... | 2016 | 27101353 |
| [effects of different gene segments of influenza virus on the growth of recombinants]. | we explored which internal genes of influenza virus that affect the titer of recombinant viruses and contribute to the high yield of influenza a seed virus in ovo. | 2015 | 27101705 |
| pre-immune state induced by chicken interferon gamma inhibits the replication of h1n1 human and h9n2 avian influenza viruses in chicken embryo fibroblasts. | interferon gamma (ifn-γ), an immunoregulatory cytokine, is known to control many microbial infections. in a previous study, chicken interferon gamma (chifn-γ) was found to be up-regulated following avian influenza virus (aiv) infection in specific pathogen-free chickens. we aimed to investigate whether the pre-immune state induced by chifn-γ could generate an antiviral response against influenza virus. | 2016 | 27121613 |
| reverse genetics based rgh5n2 vaccine provides protection against high dose challenge of h5n1 avian influenza virus in chicken. | an inactivated vaccine was developed using the rgh5n2 virus (6 + 2 reassortant) generated by plasmid based reverse genetics system (rgs) with wsn/33/h1n1 as backbone virus. following mutation of the basic amino acid cleavage site rrrkkr*glf to ietr*glf, the h5-ha (haemagglutinin) gene of the selected donor h5n1 virus (a/chicken/west bengal/80995/2008) of antigenic clade 2.2 was used along with the n2-na gene from h9n2 field isolate (a/chicken/uttar pradesh/2543/2004) for generation of the rgh5n2 ... | 2016 | 27296706 |
| protective efficacy of an h5n1 inactivated vaccine against challenge with lethal h5n1, h5n2, h5n6, and h5n8 influenza viruses in chickens. | the goose/guangdong-lineage h5 viruses have evolved into diverse clades and subclades based on their hemagglutinin (ha) gene during their circulation in wild birds and poultry. since late 2013, the clade 2.3.4.4 viruses have become widespread in poultry and wild bird populations around the world. different subtypes of the clade 2.3.4.4 h5 viruses, including h5n1, h5n2, h5n6, and h5n8, have caused vast disease outbreaks in poultry in asia, europe, and north america. in this study, we developed a ... | 2016 | 27309064 |
| particle and subunit-based hemagglutinin vaccines provide protective efficacy against h1n1 influenza in pigs. | the increasing diversity of influenza strains circulating in swine herds escalates the potential for the emergence of novel pandemic viruses and highlights the need for swift development of new vaccines. baculovirus has proven to be a flexible platform for the generation of recombinant forms of hemagglutinin (ha) including subunit, vlp-displayed, and baculovirus-displayed antigens. these presentations have been shown to be efficacious in mouse, chicken, and ferret models but little is known abou ... | 2016 | 27374905 |
| rapid detection of avian influenza virus h5n1 in chicken tracheal samples using an impedance aptasensor with gold nanoparticles for signal amplification. | highly pathogenic avian influenza virus h5n1 is a continuous threat to public health and poultry industry. the recurrence of the h5n1 led us to develop a robust, specific, and rapid detection method for the virus. in this study, an impedance aptasensor was developed for the virus detection using specific h5n1 aptamer and a gold interdigitated microelectrode. streptavidin was immobilized on the microelectrode surface and biotin labeled h5n1 aptamer was bound to the immobilized streptavidin. the m ... | 2016 | 27452670 |
| 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide attenuates excessive inflammatory responses and protects mice lethally challenged with highly pathogenic a(h5n1) influenza viruses. | traditional chinese medicine (tcm) has been an excellent treasury for centuries' accumulation of clinical experiences, which deserves to be tapped for potential drugs and improved using modern scientific methods. 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (dap), a major component of an important tcm named andrographis paniculata, with non-toxic concentration of 1000 mg/kg/day, effectively reduced the mortality and weight loss of mice lethally challenged with a/chicken/hubei/327/2004 (h5n1) or a/pr/ ... | 2016 | 27476045 |
| identification of single amino acid substitutions (saas) in neuraminidase from influenza a virus (h1n1) via mass spectrometry analysis coupled with de novo peptide sequencing. | amino acid substitutions in the neuraminidase of the influenza virus are the main cause of the emergence of resistance to zanamivir or oseltamivir during seasonal influenza treatment; they are the result of non-synonymous mutations in the viral genome that can be successfully detected by polymer chain reaction (pcr)-based approaches. there is always an urgent need to detect variation in amino acid sequences directly at the protein level. mass spectrometry coupled with de novo sequencing has been ... | 2016 | 27539435 |
| reassortment of high-yield influenza viruses in vero cells and safety assessment as candidate vaccine strains. | vaccination is the practiced and accessible measure for preventing influenza infection. because chicken embryos used for vaccine production have various insufficiencies, more efficient methods are needed. african green monkey kidney (vero) cells are recommended by the world health organization (who) as a safe substitute for influenza vaccine production for humans. however, the influenza virus usually had low-yield in vero cells, which limits the usage of vero cellular vaccines. this study used 2 ... | 2017 | 27648636 |
| influenza immunization elicits antibodies specific for an egg-adapted vaccine strain. | for broad protection against infection by viruses such as influenza or hiv, vaccines should elicit antibodies that bind conserved viral epitopes, such as the receptor-binding site (rbs). rbs-directed antibodies have been described for both hiv and influenza virus, and the design of immunogens to elicit them is a goal of vaccine research in both fields. residues in the rbs of influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) determine a preference for the avian or human receptor, α-2,3-linked sialic acid and α- ... | 2016 | 27820604 |
| the ability of a non-egg adapted (cell-like) a(h1n1)pdm09 virus to egg-adapt at ha loci other than 222 and 223 and its effect on the yield of viral protein. | previous studies on influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 candidate vaccine viruses (cvvs) that had adapted to growth in embryonated chicken eggs by the acquisition of amino acid substitutions at ha positions 222 or 223 showed that improved protein yield could be conferred by additional amino acid substitutions in the haemagglutinin (ha) that arose naturally during passaging of the virus in eggs. in this study we investigated, by means of reverse genetics, the ability of a non-egg adapted (cell-like) a(h1n1)pd ... | 2016 | 27861557 |
| differential nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the nucleoprotein of influenza a viruses and association with host tropism. | the nucleoprotein (np) of influenza a virus plays a crucial role in virus replication, infectivity, and host adaptation. as a major component of the viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vrnp), np initiates vrnp shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm in the host cell. however, the characteristics of the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of np from h1n1 influenza a virus still remain unclear. in the present study, the subcellular localization and the related key residues of the h1n1 influenza virus n ... | 2017 | 27862840 |
| in vitro characterization of the novel h3n1 reassortant influenza viruses from quail. | quail is considered as an intermediate host for generation of the novel reassortant influenza a viruses (iavs). in this study, we evaluated the replication ability of the three novel h3n1 reassortant viruses recovered from pandemic h1n1 2009 (ph1n1) and duck h3n2 (dkh3n2) co-infected quail generated from our previous study in embryonated chicken eggs, mammalian (mdck) and human lung derived (a549) cells. our study demonstrated that all of the reassortant viruses replicated efficiently in avian a ... | 2017 | 28110788 |
| influenza a viruses replicate productively in mouse mastocytoma cells (p815) and trigger pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production through tlr3 signaling pathway. | the influenza a viruses (iavs) cause acute respiratory infection in both humans and animals. as a member of the initial lines of host defense system, the role of mast cells during iav infection has been poorly understood. here, we characterized for the first time that both avian-like (α-2, 3-linked) and human-like (α-2, 6- linked) sialic acid (sa) receptors were expressed by the mouse mastocytoma cell line (p815). the p815 cells did support the productive replication of h1n1 (a/wsn/33), h5n1 (a/ ... | 2016 | 28127293 |
| mucosal vaccination of conserved sm2, ha2 and cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) fusion protein with poly gamma-glutamate/chitosan nanoparticles (pc nps) induces protection against divergent influenza subtypes. | to develop a safe and effective mucosal vaccine that broad cross protection against seasonal or emerging influenza a viruses, we generated a mucosal influenza vaccine system combining the highly conserved matrix protein-2 (sm2), fusion peptide of hemagglutinin (ha2), the well-known mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-pga)-chitosan nanoparticles (pc nps), which are safe, natural materials that are able to target the mucosal membrane as a mucosal adjuvant. ... | 2017 | 28284616 |
| vaccination with killed but metabolically active e. coli over-expressing hemagglutinin elicits neutralizing antibodies to h1n1 swine origin influenza a virus. | there is a need for a fast and simple method for vaccine production to keep up with the pace of a rapidly spreading virus in the early phases of the influenza pandemic. the use of whole viruses produced in chicken eggs or recombinant antigens purified from various expression systems has presented considerable challenges, especially with lengthy processing times. here, we use the killed but metabolically active (kbma) escherichia coli (e. coli) to harbor the hemagglutinin (ha) of swine origin inf ... | 2017 | 28492063 |
| [preparation and identification of monoclonal antibody against h1n1 influenza virus]. | objective to prepare the monoclonal antibody (mab) against influenza a virus (h1n1) using purified viral particles as antigen and investigate the characterization of host cells infected with influenza virus utilizing the mab. methods a/pr/8 (h1n1) virus was cultured in embryonated chicken eggs and further purified by differential and density gradient centrifugation. the structure of viral particles was identified by transmission electron microcopy (tem). immunogenicity of purified virus was eval ... | 2017 | 28502308 |
| [anaphylactic reactions to vaccines : chicken egg allergy and the influenza h1n1 vaccination]. | allergic reactions to influenza vaccinations are a well-known phenomenon; however, only a few published statistics give information on the risks. patients with a chicken egg allergy must be particularly carefully handled during an influenza epidemic where vaccines produced using embryonated chicken eggs are primarily employed. | 2017 | 28540396 |
| live-attenuated auxotrophic mutant of salmonella typhimurium expressing immunogenic ha1 protein enhances immunity and protective efficacy against h1n1 influenza virus infection. | to evaluate the efficacy of attenuated salmonella typhimurium (jol912) as a live bacterial vaccine vector. | 2017 | 28594235 |
| interaction of influenza a viruses with oviduct explants of different avian species. | infection of poultry with low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (lpaiv) is often associated with mild respiratory symptoms but may also lead to loss in egg production in laying birds. in vivo susceptibility of the reproductive tract for lpaiv infection was reported for turkeys and chickens, but virus-interaction with epithelial cells of the oviduct and possible stimulation of the local antiviral immune responses have not been characterized. in this study, we wanted to investigate the suitabilit ... | 2017 | 28775714 |
| inter-species host gene expression differences in response to human and avian influenza a virus strains. | low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) viruses are a source of sporadic human infections and could also contribute to future pandemic outbreaks but little is known about inter-species differences in the host responses to these viruses. here, we studied host gene expression signatures of cell lines from three species (human, chicken, and canine) in response to six different viruses (h1n1/wsn, h5n2/f59, h5n2/f118, h5n2/f189, h5n3 and h9n2). comprehensive microarray probe set re-annotation and ortho ... | 2017 | 29104227 |
| a y161f hemagglutinin substitution increases thermostability and improves yields of 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus in cells. | vaccination is the primary strategy for influenza prevention and control. however, egg-based vaccines, the predominant production platform, have several disadvantages, including the emergence of viral antigenic variants that can be induced during egg passage. these limitations have prompted the development of cell-based vaccines, which themselves are not without issue. most importantly, vaccine seed viruses often do not grow efficiently in mammalian cell lines. here we aimed to identify novel hi ... | 2018 | 29118117 |
| differential responses of innate immunity triggered by different subtypes of influenza a viruses in human and avian hosts. | innate immunity provides first line of defense against viral infections. the interactions between hosts and influenza a virus and the response of host innate immunity to viral infection are critical determinants for the pathogenicity or virulence of influenza a viruses. this study was designed to investigate global changes of gene expression and detailed responses of innate immune systems in human and avian hosts during the course of infection with various subtypes of influenza a viruses, using ... | 2017 | 29322931 |
| broad-spectrum neutralization of avian influenza viruses by sialylated human milk oligosaccharides: in vivo assessment of 3'-sialyllactose against h9n2 in chickens. | two sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (shmos) 3'-sialyllactose (3'-sl) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-sl) were accessed for their possible antiviral activity against six different subtypes of thirteen avian influenza (ai) viruses in vitro. 3'-sl exhibited promising antiviral activity against almost all subtypes of tested ai viruses in hemagglutination inhibition assay, whereas 6'-sl showed activity against few selected h1n1, h1n2, and h3n2 subtype strains. 3'-sl has minimum inhibitory concentrati ... | 2018 | 29416087 |