Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| preliminary studies of the antifungal activities of some medicinal plants against basidiobolus and some other pathogenic fungi. | the antifungal activities of extracts of 10 medicinal plants collected from south-eastern parts of nigeria were tested against seven pathogenic fungi using the broth dilution and agar plate methods. all the extracts at 1:10 dilution inhibited the growth of basidiobolus haptosporus and b. ranarum but did not inhibit that of aspergillus fumigatus, geotrichum candidum and candida albicans. while extracts from piper guineense, ocimum gratissimum, moringa oleifera and erythrophleum suaveolens inhibit ... | 1995 | 8531930 |
| [penicillium ulaiense hsieh, su & tzean, a post-harvest pathogen of citrus fruits in northeastern argentina]. | fungi were isolated from the surface of decaying citrus fruits and their pathogenicity was determined. a few rotten fruits presented coremia of penicillium ulaiense hsieh, su & tzean, a new postharvest pathogen in latin america. penicillium digitatum (89 strains). penicillium italicum (28). p. ulaiense (12) and geotrichum candidum (11) were isolated from 129 samples of citrus fruits. | 1995 | 8552758 |
| biological treatment of distillery waste for pollution-remediation. | the biological treatment of spent wash from molasses distilleries was investigated. analysis of raw spent wash showed it to be a recalcitrant waste, with a high cod of 85,170 mg/l and containing inhibitory phenolic compounds. reverse phase thin layer chromatography identified gallic and vanillic acid present in spent wash. the fungi geotrichum candidum, coriolus versicolor, phanerochaete chrysosporium and mycelia sterilia were screened for their ability to decolourize spent wash and to reduce th ... | 1995 | 8568640 |
| sensitivity of fungi to nikkomycin z. | nikkomycin z inhibited colony radial extension (kr) and hyphal density in geotrichum candidum, trichoderma koningii, mucor plumbeus, and fusarium oxysporum, although the level of inhibition varied with the fungal species and was influenced by the concentration of nutrients in the culture medium. while g. candidum and m. plumbeus were sensitive to the inhibitory effects of nikkomycin z, t. koningii and f. oxysporum were relatively tolerant of concentrations of the antibiotic up to 100 mumol. nikk ... | 1996 | 8634944 |
| redesigning the active site of geotrichum candidum lipase. | attempts to engineer enzymes with unique catalytic properties have largely focused on altering the existing specificities by reshaping the substrate binding pockets. few experiments have aimed at modifying the configuration of the residues essential for catalysis. the difference in the topological location of the triad acids of geotrichum candidum lipase (gcl) and the catalytic domain of human pancreatic lipase (hpl), despite great similarities in their topologies and 3-d structures, suggest tha ... | 1995 | 8637854 |
| purification and some properties of a novel microbial lactate oxidase. | geotrichum candidum was found to produce a lactate oxidase. the enzyme was purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. the purified lactate oxidase showed a molecular mass of 50 kda under denaturing and about 400 kda under non-denaturing conditions. transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed an octameric structure. fmn was found to be a cofactor for this enzyme. polarographic studies confirmed an oxygen uptake by the lactate oxidase. the enzyme showed specificity towards ... | 1996 | 8766696 |
| [mycophobia--a new disease?]. | in the recent 18 months we analysed 13 patients with so-called therapy-resistant intestinal candidosis. symptoms like flatulence, digestive trouble, intestinal inefficiency, arthralgia, heart trouble, etc., were declared. from four patients candida albicans and in further three patients c. parapsilosis, c. lusitaniae, trichosporon cutaneum, and geotrichum candidum could be isolated. serological tests were normal. in none of the 13 patients a mycosis which needed therapy was proven. eight patient ... | 1996 | 8767266 |
| influence of sundrying on the chemical composition, aflatoxin content and fungal counts of two pepper varieties--capsicum annum and capsicum frutescens. | samples of sundried, matured red pepper, capsicum annum with a moisture content (mc) of 12.7-26.8 percent had on dry weight basis, vitamin c, 5.0-6.4 mg/100 g; crude protein, 0.8-1.2 percent; total soluble solids, 3.3-4.1 percent, and fungal counts of log 4.4-4.5/g. ordinary matured red c. annum had mc, 75.7-78.2 percent vitamin c, 36.1-38.5 mg/100 g; crude protein, 2.4-2.8 percent; total soluble solids, 9.3-9.9 percent and fungal count of log 3.32-3.39/g. sundried matured red c. frutescens had ... | 1996 | 8811723 |
| geotrichum candidum p-5 produces an intracellular serine protease resembling chymotrypsin. | a wide range of intra- and extracellular microbial proteases has been studied and characterized. these enzymes are mostly extracellular and in some cases they may resemble 'classical' serine proteases. as part of a programme in which the lipase and protease activities of the fungus geotrichum candidum are being studied, an intracellular protease with an apparent chymotrypsin-like specificity was detected. the serine protease was isolated from biomass using ion-exchange and exclusion chromatograp ... | 1996 | 8930136 |
| characterization of two epiphytic bacteria from soybean leaves with antagonistic activities against pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea. | the strains 48b/90 and 22d/93 are naturally occurring ephiphytes which were isolated from soybean leaves. on the basis of pheno- and genotypic characteristics 48b/90 was identified as erwinia herbicola and 22d/93 as pseudomonas syringae. these two isolates produced biological active substances against different indicator organisms. the e. herbicola strain showed clear antagonistic properties against escherichia coli and pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, but not against geotrichum candidum. 22d/ ... | 1996 | 8956493 |
| molecular modeling of the structures of human and rat pancreatic cholesterol esterases. | structural models have been generated for rat and human cholesterol esterases by molecular modeling. for rat cholesterol esterase, three separate models were generated according to the following procedure: (1) the cholesterol esterase sequence was aligned with those of three template enzymes: torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase, geotrichum candidum lipase and candida rugosa lipase; (2) the x-ray structure coordinates of the three template enzymes were used to construct cholesterol esterase ... | 1997 | 9007978 |
| identification of yeasts and coryneform bacteria from the surface microflora of brick cheeses. | coryneform bacteria and yeasts of 21 brick cheeses from six german dairies, produced by using undefined ripening cultures, were identified. arthrobacter nicotianae, brevibacterium linens, corynebacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium variabilis and rhodococcus fascians were found in significant numbers. out of 148 coryneform isolates 36 could not be identified at the species level. with the exception of a large rennet cheese, the coryneform microflora of rennet and acid cured cheeses were simila ... | 1997 | 9039559 |
| brain abscesses due to geotrichum candidum. | 1995 | 9139401 | |
| efficient expression of mono- and diacylglycerol lipase gene from penicillium camembertii u-150 in aspergillus oryzae under the control of its own promoter. | the gene, mdla, coding for mono- and diacylglycerol lipase from penicillium camembertii u-150 was expressed efficiently in aspergillus oryzae under the control of its own promoter. the gene product was secreted into the culture medium with a highest productivity of 1 g/liter and correctly processed at both n- and c-termini. kex2-like processing was suggested to occur at the c-terminus in both a. oryzae and p. camembertii. specific activity and substrate specificity of the purified recombinant pr ... | 1997 | 9178556 |
| cloning and sequencing of the cdna encoding lipase i from trichosporon fermentans wu-c12. | a cdna clone encoding extracellular lipase i (tfl i) from trichosporon fermentans wu-c12 was isolated and characterized. the tfl i cdna was isolated from a lambda gt10-based cdna library using as a probe a 0.8 kb fragment, amplified by pcr with synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to the partial amino acid sequences of tfl i. the cdna encodes a protein consisting of 563 amino acids containing a putative signal peptide of 19 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence shares 99.5% overall ide ... | 1997 | 9228786 |
| antimicrobial activity of food-related penicillium sp. against pathogenic bacteria in laboratory media and a cheese model system. | food-related penicillium species (n = 34) and geotrichum candidum (n = 11) grown on czapek dox and brie agar were tested for their ability to suppress growth of pathogenic bacteria. ten out of 13 p. camemberti showed antagonistic activity while the other species did not interact significantly with the bacterial growth. the order of inhibition was: gram-negative bacteria and bacillus cereus > listeria monocytogenes, lactococcus sp. > micrococcus sp. whereas lactobacillus sp., staphylococcus aureu ... | 1997 | 9246777 |
| an aspergillus awamori acetylesterase: purification of the enzyme, and cloning and sequencing of the gene. | an inducible acetylesterase was purified from the culture medium of aspergillus awamori strain ifo4033 growing on wheat-bran culture by ion-exchange, gel-filtration and hydrophobic-interaction chromatographies. the purified enzyme had an mr of 31000 and contained asn-linked oligosaccharides. the enzyme liberated acetic acid from wheat bran, hydrolysed only alpha-naphthyl acetate and propionate when aromatic esters were used for the substrate, and was tentatively classified as a carboxylic estera ... | 1997 | 9291122 |
| seasonal occurrence of yeasts and yeast-like organisms in the river danube. | one hundred and seventy yeast strains belonging to 14 genera and 29 species were isolated from 112 water samples of the river danube in the area of bratislava. the samples were collected through the year from april to march. saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida maltosa, aureobasidium pullulans, cystofilobasidium capitatum, rhodotorula glutinis, geotrichum candidum, and candida krusei were the most frequent. the basidiomycetous yeasts and yeast-like organisms with oxidative metabolism were present i ... | 1997 | 9298185 |
| high-level production of recombinant geotrichum candidum lipases in yeast pichia pastoris. | we describe the heterologous high-level expression of the two geotrichum candidum lipase (gcl) isoenzymes from strain atcc 34614 in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the lipase cdnas were placed under the control of the methanol-inducible alcohol oxidase promoter. the lipases expressed in p. pastoris were fused to the alpha-factor secretion signal peptide of saccharomyces cerevisiae and were secreted into the culture medium. cultures of p. pastoris expressing lipase accumulated active re ... | 1997 | 9325136 |
| the contribution of moulds and yeasts to the fermentation of 'agbelima' cassava dough. | agbelima, a fermented cassava meal widely consumed in ghana, togo and benin, is produced by fermenting grated cassava with one of several types of traditional cassava dough inoculum. during fermentation a smooth textured sour dough is produced, the toxicity of cassava is reduced and there is a build up of volatile aroma compounds. four types of inocula were included in the present investigation. in one type moulds were found to form a dominant part of the microbiota, the species present being pe ... | 1997 | 9351208 |
| resistance of yeast flora of labaneh to potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate. | ten yeast cultures belonging to eight species representing the yeast flora of labaneh were tested for their resistance to potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate. changes in counts were monitored after 7, 14, and 21 d at 5 degrees c in yeast-free labaneh containing different concentrations of potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate. more than 400 mg/kg of sodium benzoate were needed to limit the counts of saccharomyces cerevisiae (biovariants 1, 2, and 7) cryptococcus curvatus, pichia farinosa, candi ... | 1997 | 9361202 |
| identification of residues essential for differential fatty acyl specificity of geotrichum candidum lipases i and ii. | the fungus geotrichum candidum produces two lipase isoenzymes, gcl i and gcl ii, with distinct differences in substrate specificity despite their 86% identical primary structure. gcl i prefers ester substrates with long-chain cis (delta-9) unsaturated fatty acid moieties, whereas gcl ii also accepts medium-length (c8-c14) acyl moieties in the substrate. to reveal structural elements responsible for differences in substrate differentiating ability of these isoenzymes, we designed, expressed, and ... | 1997 | 9398228 |
| the production of gamma-linolenic acid by selected members of the dikaryomycota grown on different carbon sources. | in this study, seven fungal strains, representing different phylogenetic groups within the dikaryomycota, were tested for the presence of gamma-linolenic acid [18:3(omega 6)], when grown in synthetic liquid media devoid of fatty acids, on a series of 40 different carbon sources. the fungal strains represented the species dipodascopsis uninucleata, eurotium rubrum, galactomyces geotrichum, neurospora crassa, saccharomyces cerevisiae, spongipellis unicolor and talaromyces flavus. cultures were per ... | 1997 | 9403104 |
| [seasonal variation of three culex species (diptera: culicidae) and its parasites and pathogens in punta lara, buenos aires, argentina]. | the seasonality of immatures, imagoes and pathogens of culex dolosus lynch arribálzaga, culex intrincatus brethes and culex maxi dyar from punta lara (buenos aires province, argentina) was monitored weekly (larvae and pupae) or fortnightly (adults), from 1989 to 1991. culex dolosus was present during all months. the larvae were parasitized by geotrichum candidum link ex person, smittium morbosum var. rioplatensis lópez lastra, coelomomyces sp., achlya sp, amblyospora dolosi garcía & becnel and s ... | 1997 | 9404524 |
| purification and characterization of anti-listeria compounds produced by geotrichum candidum. | geotrichum candidum can produce and excrete compounds that inhibit listeria monocytogenes. these were purified by ultrafiltration, centrifugal partition chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, gel filtration, and high-pressure liquid chromatography, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and optical rotation. two inhibitors were identified: d-3-phenyllactic acid and d-3-indollactic acid. | 1998 | 9464426 |
| [a clinical and biological study of parasitic and fungal diarrhea in immunosuppressed patients in an urban and suburban area of yaoundé]. | we studied 66 cases of intestinal mycosis and parasitosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus with chronic diarrhea. all subjects were from the yaounde urban area and were followed between february and december 1996. they were recruited from 3 hospitals in the center of yaounde and were aged between 2 and 52 years. there was weight loss in 80.3% and severe dehydration in 72.3% of cases. feces consisted mostly of watery stools similar to those of cholera patients (50% of ca ... | 1997 | 9503491 |
| histamine and tyramine degradation by food fermenting microorganisms. | microorganisms suitable for food fermentation were examined with regard to their potential to degrade histamine and tyramine. out of 64 lactic acid bacteria evaluated in this study, 27 degraded histamine and one tyramine, respectively, with low activity. among 32 strains of brevibacterium linens and coryneform bacteria, 21 exhibited histamine and tyramine oxidase activity. none of 20 strains of staphylococcus carnosus tested degraded histamine or tyramine. one strain out of nine strains of geotr ... | 1998 | 9562873 |
| [secondary active-evolutive cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis of the apicodorsal segment of the left upper lobe associated with bronchial tuberculosis and bronchial geotrichosis]. | a case of active pulmonary secondary tuberculosis associated with bronchial tuberculosis and bronchial geotrichosis is presented. this association is infrequent. favoring factors: local and general immunodepression (recurrent infection with pyogenic germs, rubella, neutropenia, aggressive antibiotherapy, iron deficiency). the diagnosis was based mainly on the bacteriological sputum examination for bk (smear and culture) and the mycologic examination (smear and culture) of the bronchial aspiratio ... | 1997 | 9567625 |
| antimicrobial spectrum and target site of d-3-phenyllactic acid. | geotrichum candidum excretes d-3-phenyllactic acid, which inhibits the growth of listeria monocytogenes. it was found to inhibit a range of gram-positive bacteria found in humans and foodstuffs, such as staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis, and gram-negative bacteria from humans, such as providencia stuartii and klebsiella oxytoca. scanning electron microscope studies on the effect of d-3-phenyllactic acid on l. monocytogenes showed that it caused changes in bacterial behavior and str ... | 1998 | 9620125 |
| toxin production by pathovars of pseudomonas syringae and their antagonistic activities against epiphytic microorganisms. | 75 strains of 21 various pseudomonas syringae (p.) pathovars were investigated in different tests for their toxin production. data from literature about the production of the known phytotoxins phaseolotoxin (pv. phaseolicola), tabtoxin (pv. coronafaciens, pv. tabaci), coronatine (pv. atropurpurea, pv. glycinea, pv. maculicola, pv. morsprunorum, pv. tomato), and toxins of the lipodepsipeptide group (pv. aptata, pv. atrofaciens, pv. syringae) could be confirmed. besides, a production of the phytoh ... | 1998 | 9637014 |
| protection by fungal starters against growth and secondary metabolite production of fungal spoilers of cheese. | the influence of fungal starter cultures on growth and secondary metabolite production of fungal contaminants associated with cheese was studied on laboratory media and camembert cheese. isolates of the species penicillium nalgiovense, p. camemberti, p. roqueforti and geotrichum candidum were used as fungal starters. the species p. commune, p. caseifulvum, p. verrucosum, p. discolor, p. solitum, p. coprophilum and aspergillus versicolor were selected as contaminants. the fungal starters showed d ... | 1998 | 9706802 |
| colony interaction and secondary metabolite production of cheese-related fungi in dual culture. | interactions between fungi used as starter cultures (penicillium roqueforti, penicillium camemberti, penicillium nalgiovense, and geotrichum candidum) and fungal contaminants associated with cheese were investigated on agar medium at two temperatures, 18 and 25 degrees c. mutual inhibition on contact was the most common interaction observed. the only other interaction observed was inhibition of the contaminant, while the starter continued to grow, especially in dual cultures involving g. candidu ... | 1998 | 9713765 |
| characterization of the candida rugosa lipase system and overexpression of the lip1 isoenzyme in a non-conventional yeast. | the fungus c. rugosa produces lipase isoenzymes (crls) homologous to the geotrichum candidum and yarrowia lipolytica lipases to which they share ca. 40 and 30% sequence identity, with a domain of sequence conservation at the n-terminal half of the protein. crl proteins have high sequence homology but are not identical in their catalytic activity, therefore calling for the resolution of isoforms via heterologous expression. the non-conventional use of a serine codon in several candida species fru ... | 1998 | 9720249 |
| insights into the molecular basis for fatty acyl specificities of lipases from geotrichum candidum and candida rugosa. | despite immense progress in our comprehension of lipase structure and function during the past decade, the basis for lipase acyl specificities has remained poorly understood. this review summarizes some recent advances in the understanding at the molecular-level of substrate acyl recognition by two members in a group of large (mw approximately 60 kda) microbial lipases. two aspects of acyl specificity will be focused upon. (i) the unique preference of a fungal geotrichum candidum lipase for long ... | 1998 | 9720250 |
| lignans and sesquiterpene lactones from artemisia sieversiana and inula racemosa. | the aerial parts of artemisia sieversiana afforded, in addition to beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol and daucosterol, two novel lignans as well as one known and three new guaianolides. the roots of inula racemosa gave beta-sitosterol, daucosterol and isoalantolactone. the structures were determined by a combination of spectral methods (ir, eims, 1h and 13c nmr, dept, cosy, noesy and hetcor). all isolates were subjected to antifungal tests. isoalantolactone, a major sesquiterpene lactone of i. racemo ... | 1998 | 9745767 |
| antimicrobial effects of d-3-phenyllactic acid on listeria monocytogenes in tsb-ye medium, milk, and cheese. | d-3-phenyllactic acid is a compound with anti-listeria activity which is produced and secreted by the yeastlike fungus, geotrichum candidum. this compound has a bactericidal effect independent of the physiological state of listeria monocytogenes when added at a concentration of 7 mg/ml to tryptic soy broth supplemented with yeast extract (tsb-ye). an initial l. monocytogenes population of 10(5) cfu/ml was reduced 100-fold (2 log) after 4 days of culture at 25 degrees c in tsb-ye containing d-3-p ... | 1998 | 9798142 |
| protein modification by fermentation: effect of fermentation on the potential allergenicity of pea. | the effect of fermentation on components of potential significance for the allergenicity of pea was analyzed. pea flour was fermented with three lactic acid bacteria, pediococcus pentosaceus, lactococcus raffinolactis, and lactobacillus plantarum, and two fungi, rhizopus microsporus, var. oligosporus and geotrichum candidum. residual antigenicity against antipea antibodies was reduced to 10% by the three lactic acid bacteria and r. microsporus. reactions to anti-pea profilin and anti-bet v 1 wer ... | 1998 | 9826013 |
| a toolbox of recombinant lipases for industrial applications. | we created a toolbox of recombinant, microbial lipases, which allows us in combination with a lipase database to choose among the overexpressed lipases the most appropriate for a specific application and to improve it further via mutagenesis. by systematic comparison of geometry and properties of the scissile fatty acid binding site of five representative lipases of each family of structurally homologous lipases, three subgroups can be defined. hence, efficient expression systems for the functio ... | 1998 | 9928080 |
| homology model of juvenile hormone esterase from the crop pest, heliothis virescens. | juvenile hormone esterase (jhe) plays an essential role in the development of insects since it is partially responsible for clearing juvenile hormone (jh), one of the hormones that is responsible for insect metamorphosis. jhe is a 60 kda enzyme that selectively hydrolyzes the alpha/beta unsaturated ester of jh. because of its pivotal role in insect development, we have targeted jhe for use as a biopesticide. in this study, we have constructed a homology-based molecular model of jhe from the agri ... | 1999 | 10022354 |
| purification and characterization of a novel peroxidase from geotrichum candidum dec 1 involved in decolorization of dyes. | a peroxidase (dyp) involved in the decolorization of dyes and produced by the fungus strain geotrichum candidum dec 1 was purified. dyp, a glycoprotein, is glycosylated with n-acetylglucosamine and mannose (17%) and has a molecular mass of 60 kda and an isoelectric point (pi) of 3.8. the absorption spectrum of dyp exhibited a soret band at 406 nm corresponding to a hemoprotein, and its na2s2o4-reduced form revealed a peak at 556 nm that indicates the presence of a protoheme as its prosthetic gro ... | 1999 | 10049859 |
| decolorization of molasses and a dye by a newly isolated strain of the fungus geotrichum candidum dec 1. | a fungus, geotrichum candidum dec 1, newly isolated as a dye-decolorizing microorganism, was used to decolorize molasses and an anthraquinone dye in shaken flasks. a degree of decolorization of molasses of 87% was achieved after 12 days of cultivation, and the maximum rate of decolorization of the dye in the culture broth was obtained in 7 days. the apparent activity of peroxidase in the molasses, which is responsible for dye decolorization, was significantly lower than that of purified peroxida ... | 1999 | 10099519 |
| biological and molecular detection of toxic lipodepsipeptide-producing pseudomonas syringae strains and pcr identification in plants | toxin-based identification procedures are useful for differentiating pseudomonas syringae pathovars. a biological test on peptone-glucose-nacl agar in which the yeast rhodotorula pilimanae was used proved to be more reliable for detecting lipodepsipeptide-producing strains of p. syringae than the more usual test on potato dextrose agar in which geotrichum candidum is used. a pcr test performed with primers designed to amplify a 1, 040-bp fragment in the coding sequence of the syrd gene, which wa ... | 1999 | 10223977 |
| fungi in therapy-resistant apical periodontitis. | the occurrence of yeasts in 967 microbiological endodontic samples taken from root canals in persistent endodontic infections was studied. the sampling was done by general practitioners in various parts of finland from root canal infections which did not respond favourably to standard conservative therapy. the samples were cultivated aerobically on a non-selective enriched horse blood agar medium, on tsbv agar medium in 5% co2 and anaerobically on horse blood agar medium. micro-organisms were fo ... | 1997 | 10332243 |
| isolation and identification of geotrichum candidum as an etiologic agent of geotrichosis in bulgaria. | geotrichosis affects mainly patients with systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus, leukoses, neoplasms etc. clinically, it is similar to candidiasis and may occur as an oral, vaginal, skin, or systemic infection. clinical specimens (98 sputa and 67 oral smears) were collected and studied using microscopic examination of gram stained preparations and culture sampling between 1995 and 1997. geotrichum candidum was isolated as a single pathogen in 8 sputum and 7 oral smear samples. ten-day antifun ... | 1998 | 10371798 |
| case report. a disseminated infection due to chrysosporium queenslandicum in a garter snake (thamnophis) | a male garter snake (thamnophis) from a private terrarium was spontaneously and simultaneously infected with chrysosporium queenslandicum and geotrichum candidum. the autopsy revealed disseminated mycotic alterations in skin, lungs and liver. chrysosporium queenslandicum grew well at 28 degrees c, the optimal temperature of the animal. this is the first description of a chrysosporium queenslandicum infection in a garter snake. | 1999 | 10394858 |
| ecology of cycloheximide-resistant fungi in field soils receiving raw city wastewater or normal irrigation water. | the effect of raw city wastewater irrigation on biodiversity and population densities of a cycloheximide-resistant (ch) fungal community was studied in 13 field soils receiving either raw city wastewater or normal irrigation, and in raw city wastewater in the nablus area, using the hair baiting technique (hbt) and a surface soil dilution plating (ssdp) technique. three of these fields [one had been receiving raw city wastewater for more than ten years and was designated a heavily polluted field, ... | 1998 | 10422272 |
| duodenal colonization by geotrichum candidum in a child with transient low serum levels of iga and igm. | fungal colonization was observed in the duodenal biopsy specimens of a nine-year-old girl who complained of anorexia and epigastric pain. endoscopy revealed gastric redness and geotrichum candidum was identified in the duodenum by histopathology and tissue culture. immunologic work-up showed low serum levels of iga and igm. she was treated with ranitidine and antacids for gastritis. at follow-up, the levels of immunoglobulins had normalized, no fungal elements were detected, and clinical symptom ... | 1999 | 10440065 |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds in the nonvolatile fraction of expressed orange essential oil. | three permethoxylated flavones, dehydroabietic acid and linoleil monoglyceride were isolated from the nonvolatile residue of orange essential oil. all of them exhibited antifungal activity against phytopathogenic species and food contaminants. the isolated hexa- and heptamethoxy flavones exhibited important fungicidal activity against geotrichum candidum, which is not inhibited by the commercial broadspectrum fungicide benomyl (methyl-1-[butylcarbamoyl]-2-benzimidazolecarbamate); in addition, th ... | 1999 | 10456748 |
| survey of termite-inhabited soil and mosquito breeding sites in lucknow, india for potential mycopathogens of anopheles stephensi. | during a short survey of soil and mosquito breeding sites in lucknow, india for potential mycopathogen from a period of august-october 1996, 11 species of fungi in 5 genera were isolated using live mosquito larvae as host, aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus and fusarium semitectum were the most frequently isolated species. other fungi recorded were a. niger, a. ochraceus, a. terreus, a. versicolor, geotrichum candidum, penicillium verrucosum, paecilomyces sp. and fusarium sp. (liseola/elegans comp ... | 1998 | 10481288 |
| phenotypic and genotypic identification of yeasts from cheese. | eighty-five years strains isolated from different cheeses of austria, denmark, france, germany, and italy were identified using physiological methods and genotypically using random amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) analysis. good congruence was found between the phenotypic and genotypic data for 39 of the isolates. however, 26 isolates of geotrichum could only be identified to the species level using the genotypic methods and 7 isolates were correctly identified to t ... | 1999 | 10510714 |
| drosophila cecropin as an antifungal agent. | the effects of drosophila and hyalophora cecropins were tested against different fungi, both insect pathogens and fungi from the normal environment of drosophila. the fungi were generally found to be as susceptible to the cecropins as most bacteria, the only exception being the insect pathogen beauveria bassiana which is completely resistant. this is also the only fungus tested which is virulent to drosophila, giving 100% lethality within 5 days after injection. lethal concentrations of cecropin ... | 1999 | 10560137 |
| lipase-catalyzed fractionation of conjugated linoleic acid isomers. | the abilities of lipases produced by the fungus geotrichum candidum to selectively fractionate mixtures of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) isomers during esterification of mixed cla free fatty acids and during hydrolysis of mixed cla methyl esters were examined. the enzymes were highly selective for cis-9,trans-11-18:2. a commercial cla methyl ester preparation, containing at least 12 species representing four positional cla isomers, was incubated in aqueous solution with either a commercial g. c ... | 1999 | 10574663 |
| chromoblastomycosis in india. | four patients with chromoblastomycosis are presented. an additional 30 infected indian patients are reviewed. | 1999 | 10583618 |
| production of sulfur flavors by ten strains of geotrichum candidum. | ten strains of geotrichum candidum were studied on a liquid cheese model medium for the production of sulfur compounds which contribute to the aroma of cheeses. the volatile components produced by each cultured strain were extracted by dynamic headspace extractions, separated and quantified by gas chromatography (gc), and identified by gc-mass spectrometry. it was shown that four strains of this microorganism produced significant quantities of s-methyl thioacetate, s-methyl thiopropionate, s-met ... | 1999 | 10584011 |
| fungaemia survey: a 10-year experience in bergamo, italy. | the authors analysed 10 years of experience of fungaemia at a regional italian hospital, the azienda ospedaliera (a.o.) 'ospedali riuniti di bergamo', bergamo, italy, from 1988 to 1997. one hundred and sixty-eight cases were observed, with a global incidence corresponding to 3.43/10,000 in-patients. median age was 38.5 years and mean age was 38.9 years (range: 0-94 years). female:male ratio was 1:1.75. fungaemia occurred 25.7 days (mean value) after admission to the hospital. aetiology was: 134 ... | 1999 | 10592698 |
| enzymatic fatty acid exchange in digalactosyldiacylglycerol. | six different lipases were screened for their ability of acidolysis between digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg) and heptadecanoic acid in toluene. lipases from geotrichum candidum, alcaligenes sp. and penicillium camembertii did not catalyse the acidolysis reaction. rhizopus arrhizus and rhizomucor miehei (lipozyme) catalysed the acidolysis but produced a mixture of dgmg, dgdg, acyl-dgmg and acyl-dgdg. the extra acyl group is bound to the primary hydroxyl of the digalactosyl moiety. candida antarc ... | 2000 | 10660208 |
| in vitro susceptibility of yeasts for fluconazole and itraconazole. evaluation of a microdilution test. | in vitro susceptibilities were determined for a total of 159 clinical isolates and 12 reference strains of yeasts belonging to different candida species including 94 candida albicans strains, and further genera such as cryptococcus, trichosporon, geotrichum and saccharomyces. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values for fluconazole and itraconazole were assessed using a microdilution technique with the semisynthetic high resolution (hr) medium supplemented with glucose and asparagine but wi ... | 1999 | 10680439 |
| efficient heterologous expression in aspergillus oryzae of a unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase, dyp, of geotrichum candidum dec 1. | efficient expression of the dye-decolorizing peroxidase, dyp, from geotrichum candidum dec 1 in aspergillus oryzae m-2-3 was achieved by fusing mature cdna encoding dyp with the a. oryzae alpha-amylase promoter (amyb). the activity yield of the purified recombinant dyp (rdyp) was 42-fold compared with that of the purified native dyp from dec 1. no exogenous heme was necessary for the expression of rdyp in a. oryzae. from the n-terminal amino acid sequence analyses of native dyp and rdyp, the abs ... | 2000 | 10742277 |
| [enzymatic utilization of cotton soap stock]. | enzymatic hydrolysis of neutral fat of cotton oil soap stock with a nonspecific lipase produced by oospora lactis f-500 was designed. the culture liquid and a preparation of enzyme obtained by precipitation with isopropanol from a filtrate of the culture liquid were used. utilization of cotton oil soap stock as the only source of carbon during cultivation of the fungus was studied. the rate of hydrolysis of soap stock fat strongly depended on the way of biological conversion of cotton oil soap s ... | 2000 | 10752080 |
| two classes of enzymes of opposite stereochemistry in an organism: one for fluorinated and another for nonfluorinated substrates. | reduction of methyl ketones by dried cells of geotrichum candidum (apg4) afforded (s)-alcohols in excellent enantiomeric excess (ee), whereas the reduction of trifluoromethyl ketones gave the corresponding alcohols of the opposite configuration also in excellent ee. the replacement of the methyl moiety with a trifluoromethyl group alters both the bulkiness and the electronic properties, the effect of which on the stereoselectivity was examined. no inversion in stereochemistry was observed in the ... | 2000 | 10813910 |
| screening for antimycotic properties of 56 traditional chinese drugs. | in the present study we screened extracts of 56 widely used dried chinese medical plants or their parts (tcd) for their antimycotic properties against pathological phyla of aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans, geotrichum candidum and rhodotorula rubra. the highest activity against aspergillus fumigatus was shown by carthamus tinctorius l. (flos) and rheum palmatum l. (radix et rhizoma) and against candida albicans, scutellaria baicalensis georgi (radix) had the highest activity. the highest ... | 2000 | 10815018 |
| creation of a synthetically useful lipase with higher than wild-type enantioselectivity and maintained catalytic activity. | [reaction: see text] we have found that two geotrichum candidum lipase isozymes have remarkably different abilities to differentiate between enantiomers of ethyl 2-methyldecanoate. by rational recombination of selected portions of the two isozymes, we have created a novel lipase with an enantioselectivity superior to that of the best wild-type parent isozyme. site-directed mutagenesis identified two key amino acid residues responsible for the improved enantioselectivity without compromised total ... | 1999 | 10823202 |
| effects of atmospheric conditions, nacl and ph on growth and interactions between moulds and yeasts related to blue cheese production. | the starter culture penicillium roqueforti, undesired cultures penicillium caseifulvum and geotrichum candidum and the potential starter culture debaryomyces hansenii were examined for their growth and interactions at environmental conditions similar to the danish blue cheese danablu. the combined effect of low oxygen (0.3%) and high level of carbon dioxide (25%) at 4% nacl w/v (a(w) 0.97) and ph 4.5 and 6.5 on radial growth was examined on a cheese medium at 10 degrees c. p. roqueforti and g. c ... | 2000 | 10868680 |
| fungal colonization of haematological patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy: emergence of azole-resistant saccharomyces cerevisiae. | fungal colonization during cytotoxic chemotherapy was studied in 42 patients with a recent diagnosis of a haematological malignancy. in total, 2759 surveillance cultures were taken from the nostrils, throat, urine, stool and perineal region. seven hundred and ninety-six positive surveillance cultures (28.9%) yielded 968 fungal isolates. the rate of fungal colonization did not differ between patients with acute leukaemia, patients with other haematological malignancies and control patients in the ... | 2000 | 10973747 |
| biotransformations with rhizopus arrhizus and geotrichum candidum for the preparation of (s)-atenolol and (s)-propranolol. | (+/-)-atenolol/(+/-)-propranolol and their acetates were incubated with the fungus rhizopus arrhizus and geotrichum candidum separately for different time intervals to afford (s)-atenolol/(s)-propranolol in good optical yield. the time and ph for this biotransformation was optimised. the present biodegradations using rhizopus arrhizus and geotrichum candidum provides a simple and useful method to obtain (s)-atenolol and (s)-propranolol which are active enantiomers of the beta-adrenergic blockers ... | 2000 | 11003151 |
| phenotypic adaptation to freeze-thaw stress of the yeast-like fungus geotrichum candidum. | the effect of cold stress on geotrichum candidum was investigated at chill and freezing temperatures. specific growth rates were determined at various temperatures and plotted according to the ratkowsky and arrhenius equations. the obtained profiles led to the determination of characteristics including the activation energy and notional minimum temperatures. at temperatures below the optimum single linear slopes were observed. at freezing temperatures, the loss of viability of cell populations w ... | 2000 | 11014527 |
| flavour sulphides are produced from methionine by two different pathways by geotrichum candidum. | we have investigated the capacities of geotrichum candidum strains to produce sulphides from methionine. this attribute is very important in cheese technology because of the flavouring potential of sulphur compounds. a spectrophotometric procedure using 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) to determine sulphides was tested on a collection of g. candidum strains, and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the strains were distinguished on the basis of their ability to produce methaneth ... | 2000 | 11037233 |
| [purification and characteristic of endo-(1--4)-beta-xylanase from geotrichum candidum 3c]. | a method of purification of endo-(1-->4)-beta-xylanase (endoxylanase; ec 3.2.1.8) from the culture liquid of geotrichum candidum 3c, grown for three days, is described. the enzyme purified 23-fold had a specific activity of 32.6 u per mg protein (yield, 14.4%). endoxylanase was shown to be homogeneous by sds-page (molecular weight, 60 to 67 kda). with carboxymethyl xylan as substrate, the optimum activity (determined viscosimetrically) was recorded at ph 4.0 (pi 3.4). the enzyme retained stabili ... | 2000 | 11042875 |
| negative fungal chemotropism to toxic metals. | hyphal growth responses of geotrichum candidum, gliocladium roseum, humicola grisea and trichoderma viride to cu and cd were studied using a simple tessellated agar tile system. negative chemotropic behaviour of hyphae, which included curling and growth away from metal-containing domains, occurred in all species and with both metals. both toxic metal and sucrose concentrations in the medium modulated the magnitude of the negative chemotropic effects observed. in general, greater concentrations o ... | 2000 | 11111025 |
| enzymatic versus spontaneous s-methyl thioester synthesis in geotrichum candidum. | the synthesis of short chain s-methyl thioesters was investigated in geotrichum candidum strain gcg. the results indicated the involvement of an enzymatic reaction in this microorganism that led to the synthesis of s-methyl thioacetate (mta) when methanethiol and acetyl-coa were used as substrates. mta was generated from these substrates by enzymatic or spontaneous reactions, whose relative importance depended largely on ph and temperature. for longer chain acyl-coa compounds (c3 to c6), thioest ... | 2000 | 11111030 |
| keratinopathogenic mould fungi and dermatophytes in healthy and diseased hooves of horses. | specimens of hoof horn from 187 horses were examined for a possible relationship between clinically affected hooves and the occurrence of pathogenic fungi. specimens were taken from the coronary band and from the stratum externum and medium of the coronary horn and transferred on to sabouraud dextrose agar, with and without cycloheximide, and incubated at 28 degrees c. dermatophytes and mould fungi were identified by their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. the 732 isolates could be as ... | 2000 | 11128074 |
| rapid identification of fluconazole resistance using chromagar candida. | although extremely rare 10 years ago, antifungal drug resistance is becoming a major problem in certain populations, especially in those infected with hiv. this study was undertaken to study the resistance of candida species isolated in our hospital to fluconazole using chrom agar candida. the candida strains which were routinely isolated from clinical specimens like blood, urine, sputum, pus, fluid and homograft isolates were included in the study. 142 candida isolates were tested by using chro ... | 2000 | 11218683 |
| quantification of stachybotrys chartarum conidia in indoor dust using real time, fluorescent probe-based detection of pcr products. | analyses of fungal spores or conidia in indoor dust samples can be useful for determining the contamination status of building interiors and in signaling instances where potentially harmful exposures of building occupants to these organisms may exist. a recently developed method for the quantification of stachybotrys chartarum conidia, using real-time, fluorescence probe--based detection of pcr products (taqman system) was employed to analyze indoor dust samples for this toxigenic fungal species ... | 2001 | 11246797 |
| screening of micro-organisms for decolorization of melanins produced by bluestain fungi. | a total of 17 fungi and four bacteria were screened for their ability to decolorize melanin, using isolated extracellular melanin of the bluestain fungus aureobasidium pullulans as substrate. on agar media, decolorization was observed by four fungal strains: bjerkandera adusta vtt-d-99746, galactomyces geotrichum vtt-d-84228, trametes hirsuta vtt-d-95443 and trametes versicolor vtt-d-99747. the four fungi were more efficient on nitrogen-limited medium than on complete medium. the melanin-decolor ... | 2001 | 11330716 |
| study on sludge expansion during treatment of salad oil manufacturing wastewater by yeast. | five yeast strains, namely rhodotorula rubra, candida tropicalis, candida utilis, candida boidinii, trichosporon cutaneum, were isolated from soil spots of a salad oil factory, and applied for continuous treatment of salad oil manufacturing wastewater. the oil and cod removal performance of the mixed cultures were comparable to the results other researchers obtained. sludge expansion, accompanied with sludge morphology change from pseudomycelia to true mycelia, occurred during continuous treatme ... | 2001 | 11424730 |
| microbial reduction of alpha-chloroketone to alpha-chlorohydrin. | microbial reduction of alpha-chloroketone to alpha-chlorohydrin was studied as one of the approaches for construction of the chiral center of the corresponding epoxide. about 100 microorganisms covering many species of candida, pichia, hansenula, geotrichum, rhodococcus and aureobasidium were screened to reduce the alpha-chloroketone stereospecifically. many strains provided the r-alpha-chlorohydrin with 100% enantiomeric excess (ee), e.g., candida sonorensis sc 16117, geotrichum candidum sc 546 ... | 2001 | 11494099 |
| diversity of geotrichum candidum strains isolated from traditional cheesemaking fabrications in france. | the diversity of french fungus-ripened cheeses is due partly to the succession of fungi that colonize the cheese during ripening. geotrichum candidum appears in the early stages of ripening on soft cheeses such as camembert and semihard cheeses such as st. nectaire and reblochon. its lipases and proteases promote flavor development, and its aminopeptidases reduce bitterness imparted by low-molecular-weight peptides in cheese. we assessed the genetic diversity of g. candidum strains by using rand ... | 2001 | 11571181 |
| interactions between yeasts and bacteria in the smear surface-ripened cheeses. | in the initial phase of ripening, the microflora of bacterial smear surface-ripened cheeses such as limburger, taleggio, brick, münster and saint-paulin and that of surface mould-ripened cheeses such as camembert and brie may be similar, but at the end of the ripening, bacteria such as brevibacterium spp., arthrobacter spp., micrococcus spp., corynebacterium spp. and moulds such as penicillium camemberti are, respectively, the dominant microorganisms. yeasts such as candida spp., cryptococcus sp ... | 2001 | 11589547 |
| yeast populations in sardinian feta cheese. | in this study, the yeast populations in feta cheese from two different sardinian dairies were examined. samples of good quality feta (32) and samples of feta with a slimy surface defect (10) were examined from dairy a. similar, samples of good quality feta (23), feta with slimy surface defects (14) and samples with swelling defects (6) were examined from dairy b. kluyveromyces lactis was the dominating species in feta from dairy a (95.2% of samples) followed by debaryomyces hansenii (76.2%), dek ... | 2001 | 11589555 |
| yeasts associated with sardinian ewe's dairy products. | in the present work, the occurrence of yeasts in different types of typical sardinian ewe's cheeses (32 samples of pecorino, 32 of caciotta, 40 of feta, 56 of ricotta) was determined. for the strains isolated the following properties were studied: proteolytic and lipolytic activities, the ability to grow at different temperatures, different concentrations of salt, and to assimilate and/or ferment compounds like lactate, citrate, lactose, glucose, galactose, lactic acid. of 160 samples analysed, ... | 2001 | 11589560 |
| [formation of an extracellular system of enzymes during growth of geotrichum candidum 3c on cell walls isolated from cereal grain capsules]. | the activities of extracellular systems of hemicellulases, pectinases, and cellulases was studied during a 72-h cultivation of geotrichum candidum 3c. the culture was grown on a medium containing 3% cell walls isolated from wheat grain capsules, which served as the sole carbon source. enzymes catalyzing the degradation of pectin substances (beet pectin, alpha-l-arabinan, and 1,4-beta-d-galactan), as well as beta-d-galactosidase and alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase involved in their hydrolysis, were f ... | 2001 | 11605468 |
| aroma compound production in cheese curd by coculturing with selected yeast and bacteria. | the microorganisms involved in cheese ripening produce various volatile compounds and induce typical flavors that contribute to cheese variety. to investigate aroma compound generation of cheese microflora, we used a dynamic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. to obtain good sensitivity and repeatability of quantification, dynamic headspace conditions and sample preparation were first optimized and led to an extraction set up in which samples were heated at 60 degrees c and ... | 2001 | 11699442 |
| sulfur compound production by geotrichum candidum from l-methionine: importance of the transamination step. | l-methionine degradation products and catabolic enzymatic activities involved in methanethiol generation were investigated in geotrichum candidum gcg. l-methionine was easily degraded by g. candidum and the transamination product, 4-methylthio-2-oxobutyric acid (kmba), was found to transiently accumulate. in parallel, considerable l-methionine aminotransferase activity was found in this microorganism. l-methionine and kmba demethiolating activities were also detected. the degradation of kmba cor ... | 2001 | 11750811 |
| mould contaminants on jarlsberg and norvegia cheese blocks from four factories. | visible mould from 225 blocks of the norwegian semi-hard cheeses jarlsberg and norvegia from four factories were subcultured and identified. altogether 23 different fungal species were detected. the two most important contaminating species were penicillium commune and p. palitans, constituting 21.4% and 17.9% of the total isolates, respectively. the other dominating contaminants were p. roqueforit spp. roqueforti, geotrichum candidum, p. solitum and p. crustosum. these species, together with p. ... | 2001 | 11759759 |
| molecular differentiation of sibling species in the galactomyces geotrichum complex. | pcr-analysis, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and molecular karyotyping were used to characterize 52 strains belonging to the genus galactomyces. the resultant data revealed that a pcr method employing the universal primer n21 and microsatellite primer (cac)5 is appropriate for the distinction of four ga. geotrichum sibling species, ga. citri-aurantii and ga. reessii. better separation was achieved with the up primer n21; each species displayed a specific pattern with very low intraspecific va ... | 2001 | 11827212 |
| genetic diversity among geotrichum candidum strains from various substrates studied using ram and rapd-pcr. | assessment of genetic diversity within the species geotrichum candidum and development of tools to trace the strains that play an important role in the agro food industry. | 2002 | 11872125 |
| carbon and nitrogen substrates consumption, ammonia release and proton transfer in relation with growth of geotrichum candidum and penicillium camemberti on a solid medium. | it is difficult to determine fungal biomass growing on a solid medium directly. therefore, indirect ways of measuring this growth have to be used instead. for this purpose, the kinetics of growth, of substrate consumption and of release of metabolites must be correlated. this has been carried out for geotrichum candidum and penicillium camemberti growing on a gelified lactic acid+peptone medium. peptone was shown to be preferred by g. candidum as a carbon and energy source, in contrast to the be ... | 2002 | 11911921 |
| l-methionine degradation potentialities of cheese-ripening microorganisms. | volatile sulphur compounds are major flavouring compounds in many traditional fermented foods including cheeses. these compounds are products of the catabolism of l-methionine by cheese-ripening microorganisms. the diversity of l-methionine degradation by such microorganisms, however, remains to be characterized. the objective of this work was to compare the capacities to produce volatile sulphur compounds by five yeasts, geotrichum candidum, yarrowia lipolytica, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyc ... | 2001 | 11928962 |
| production of volatile compounds by cheese-ripening yeasts: requirement for a methanethiol donor for s-methyl thioacetate synthesis by kluyveromyces lactis. | five cheese-ripening yeasts (geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, kluyveromyces lactis, yarrowia lipolytica and debaryomyces hansenii) were compared with respect to their ability to generate volatile aroma compounds. k. lactis produced a variety of esters - ethylacetate (ea) being the major one - and relatively limited amounts of volatile sulphur compounds (vscs). conversely, g. candidum produced significant amounts of vscs [with the thioester s-methyl thioacetate (mta) being the most ... | 2002 | 11954798 |
| a new syringopeptin produced by bean strains of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. | two strains (b728a and y37) of the phytopathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae isolated from bean (phaseolus vulgaris) plants were shown to produce in culture both syringomycin, a lipodepsinonapeptide secreted by the majority of the strains of the bacterium, and a new form of syringopeptin, sp(22)phv. the structure of the latter metabolite was elucidated by the combined use of mass spectrometry (ms), nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and chemical procedures. comparati ... | 2002 | 12009406 |
| reconstruction of the biomass history from carbon and nitrogen substrate consumption, ammonia release and proton transfer during solid cultures of geotrichum candidum and penicillium camembertii. | geotrichum candidumand penicillium camembertii were cultivated on the surface of a gelified medium, simulating the composition of the aqueous phase of a camembert cheese. the relation of their growth with substrate consumption (carbon or nitrogen), metabolite production (ammonia), or proton transfer (deduced from ph by means of the buffer capacity of the medium) was examined. the coefficients associated with cellular biosynthesis and resulting from cellular maintenance were determined. from thes ... | 2002 | 12021804 |
| rapid identification of fluconazole resistance using chrom agar candida. | all though extremely rare 10 years ago, antifungal drug resistance is becoming a major problem in certain populations, especially in those infected with hiv. this study was undertaken to study the resistance of candida species isolated in our hospital to fluconazole using chrom agar candida. the candida strains which were routinely isolated from clinical specimens like blood, urine, sputum, pus, fluid and homograft isolates were included in the study. 142 candida isolates were tested by using ch ... | 2001 | 12024918 |
| intra-species chromosome-length polymorphism in geotrichum candidum revealed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | geotrichum candidum is an ascomycetous anamorph yeast-like fungus found in various habitats. it is a component of the natural flora of milk and is used as a maturing agent for both soft and hard cheeses. this microorganism displays phenotypic variability and may act as an opportunist pathogen, causing geotrichosis. cytological analysis of g. candidum strain atcc 204307 showed this strain to have eight chromosomes. we prepared chromosomal dna from 13 strains of g. candidum differing in habitat an ... | 2002 | 12038569 |
| nystatin and osmotica as chemical enhancers of the phenotypic adaptation to freeze-thaw stress in geotrichum candidum atcc 204307. | geotrichum candidum is a yeast-like fungus used as ripening starter in cheese making. the present study focused on chemical stress pretreatments affecting survival of g. candidum atcc 204307 to freeze-thaw stress. cryotolerance of g. candidum cells was induced by pretreatment with nacl, cacl2, or mgcl2, indicating heterologous phenotypic adaptation to freeze-thaw stress (- 20 to 25 degrees c) by osmotic stress. furthermore, the nystatin, an antifungal compound, was shown to be a cryotolerance in ... | 2002 | 12051478 |
| chiral synthesis of secondary alcohols using geotrichum candidum. | chiral synthesis of secondary alcohols of both the (s)- and (r)-enantiomer with extremely high enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) using a biocatalyst, geotrichum candidum, is reviewed. resting cell and dried-cell preparation using acetone were applied to oxidation, reduction, and deracemization reactions. many methods to improve the reactivity and enantioselectivity of the reactions were developed. for example, additives such as secondary alcohols and hydrophobic resin (amberlite xad) were use ... | 2002 | 12237828 |
| [use of the enzyme preparation cellocandin from geotrichum candidum 3c-106 for difibering of waste paper and dessication of cellulose suspension]. | the effect of cellocandin, an enzymatic preparation from getrichum candidum 3c-106 with cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, on defibring of waste paper and acceleration of desiccation of paper pulp was studied. it was shown that cellocandin accelerated defibring of waste paper to cellulose fibers and desiccation of cellulose suspension. | 2002 | 12325304 |
| [isolation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase from geotrichum candidum 3c with various ability of sorption on an insoluble substrate]. | culture liquid from geotrichum candidum 3c was shown to contain three endoxylanase types: endoxylanase i that binds to cellulose, endoxylanase ii that sorbs to insoluble xylan, and endoxylanase iii that cannot sorb to dissoluble substrate. the catalytic and substrate-binding domains of endoxylanase ii were isolated. | 2002 | 12391747 |
| a phylogenetic study on galactose-containing candida species based on 18s ribosomal dna sequences. | phylogenetic relationships of 33 candida species containing galactose in the cells were investigated by using 18s ribosomal dna sequence analysis. galactose-containing candida species and galactose-containing species from nine ascomycetous genera were a heterogeneous assemblage. they were divided into three clusters (ii, iii, and iv) which were phylogenetically distant from cluster i, comprising 9 galactose-lacking candida species, c. glabrata, c. holmii, c. krusei, c. tropicalis (the type speci ... | 1999 | 12501365 |
| [studies on the yeasts and yeast-like fungi degrading trinitrotoluene]. | seventeen strains of yeasts and yeast-like fungi were isolated from soil and waste water samples polluted by trinitrotoluene (tnt). these strains can degrade 71%-93% tnt when growing in the medium originally containing 70-80 mg/l tnt within 40 h. they were identified. among them, six strains are candida krusei, four are c. quercitrusa, one is c. famata, one is hansenula beijerinckii, one is h. subpelliculosa, and four are geotrichum candidum. six strains were selected for further studies on the ... | 1998 | 12549418 |
| the interrelationships of actin and hyphal tip growth in the ascomycete geotrichum candidum. | geotrichum candidum is unusual among reported hyphal ascomycetes in that its hyphae readily stain with phalloidin to reveal actin concentrated in the spitzenkörper (spk) and plaques associated with the plasma membrane (pm). loss of spk actin, but not the pm plaques, following latrunculin b treatment produces tip swelling, consistent with actin restraining tip morphology or localizing vesicle exocytosis. tip morphogenesis may also involve a spectrin-like protein which concentrates at the apical p ... | 2003 | 12553939 |