Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| a whole genome association analysis identifies loci associated with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection status in us holstein cattle. | the purpose of this study was to identify loci associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection status in us holsteins using the illumina bovinesnp50 beadchip whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) assay. two hundred forty-five cows from dairies in new york, pennsylvania and vermont enrolled in longitudinal herd studies between january 1999 and november 2007 were assessed for the presence of map in both faecal and tissue samples. an animal was considered ... | 2009 | 19422364 |
| exploring economically and environmentally viable northeastern us dairy farm strategies for coping with rising corn grain prices. | in 2008, corn grain prices rose $115/t of dm above the 2005 average. such an increase creates tight marginal profits for small (<100) and medium-sized (100 to 199) dairy farms in the northeastern united states importing corn grain as animal feed supplement. particularly in new york state, dairy farmers are attempting to avoid or minimize profit losses by growing more corn silage and reducing corn grain purchases. this study applies the integrated farm systems model to 1 small and 1 medium-sized ... | 2009 | 19620693 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in foodstuffs collected from three locations from the united states. | the objectives of this study were to provide updated measurements of pbdes in us food, to estimate possible difference in levels from differing geographical regions, and to provide an improved estimate of current dietary intake. | 2010 | 19835901 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis diversity of human and bovine clinical salmonella isolates. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) characterization of 335 temporally and spatially matched clinical, bovine, and human salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates revealed 167 xbai pfge patterns. these isolates were previously classified into 51 serotypes and 73 sequence types, as determined by multilocus sequence typing. discriminatory power of pfge (simpson's index, d = 0.991) was considerably higher than that of multilocus sequence typing (d = 0.920) or serotyping (d = 0.913). although ... | 2010 | 20180633 |
| salmonella enterica serotype cerro among dairy cattle in new york: an emerging pathogen? | the focus of this study was salmonella enterica serotype cerro, a potentially emerging pathogen of cattle. our objectives were to document the within-herd prevalence of salmonella cerro among a sample of new york dairy herds, to describe the antimicrobial resistance patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types of the isolates, and to elucidate the status of this serotype as a bovine pathogen. data were collected prospectively from dairy herds throughout new york that had at least 150 lact ... | 2010 | 20187753 |
| effects of clinical mastitis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on the probability of conception in new york state holstein dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to estimate the effects of different types of clinical mastitis (cm) on the probability of conception in new york state holstein cows. data were available on 55,372 artificial inseminations (ai) in 23,695 lactations from 14,148 cows in 7 herds. we used generalized linear mixed models to model whether or not a cow conceived after a particular ai. independent variables included ai number (first, second, third, fourth), parity, season when ai occurred, farm, type of ... | 2010 | 20338432 |
| trends in the northeast dairy industry: large-scale modern confinement feeding and management-intensive grazing. | this paper provides a summary of results from a recent survey of 987 dairy farmers in 4 northeastern us states. the survey results provide descriptive characteristics of the current state of dairy farming in the region, as well as farmer satisfaction levels, concerns, and plans for the future of their farming operations. the paper analyses characteristics of two increasingly important dairy production systems used in the northeast. averages from across the survey states (maryland, pennsylvania, ... | 2010 | 20338456 |
| the effect of clinical outbreaks of salmonellosis on the prevalence of fecal salmonella shedding among dairy cattle in new york. | the objective of this study was to determine if the within-herd prevalence of fecal salmonella shedding is higher in dairy herds with clinical outbreaks of disease, as compared to herds with subclinical infections only. data were collected prospectively from dairy herds throughout new york that had at least 150 lactating cows and that received clinical service from participating veterinarians. after enrollment, salmonella surveillance consisted of both environmental screening and disease monitor ... | 2010 | 20353290 |
| seasonal variation in the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle in the new york city watershed. | we conducted cross-sectional studies in the new york city watershed to ensure a valid estimate of the risk associated with cryptosporidium infection in dairy herds. our aims were to obtain species-specific estimates of the prevalence of cryptosporidium in dairy cattle and to investigate seasonal variations in prevalence. we validated our empirical estimates using a bayesian approach. samples were collected on 32 study farms, once in each of 3 different seasons using an age-stratified sampling de ... | 2010 | 20397026 |
| temporal and spatial dynamics of cryptosporidium parvum infection on dairy farms in the new york city watershed: a cluster analysis based on crude and bayesian risk estimates. | cryptosporidium parvum is one of the most important biological contaminants in drinking water that produces life threatening infection in people with compromised immune systems. dairy calves are thought to be the primary source of c. parvum contamination in watersheds. understanding the spatial and temporal variation in the risk of c. parvum infection in dairy cattle is essential for designing cost-effective watershed management strategies to protect drinking water sources. crude and bayesian se ... | 2010 | 20565805 |
| incidence of and risks associated with giardia infections in herds on dairy farms in the new york city watershed. | the primary aims of this study were to determine the incidence of giardia infections in dairy herds on farms in the new york city watershed region and to evaluate risk factors associated with infections. because co-infections of giardia and cryptosporidium spp. are common in this population, we also evaluated the effect of herd infection status on giardia infections. | 2010 | 20565931 |
| correlation between herrold egg yolk medium culture and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in pooled fecal and environmental samples. | real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) testing for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in fecal samples is a rapid alternative to culture on herrold egg yolk medium (heym), the traditional antemortem reference test for map. although the sensitivity and specificity of these 2 tests have been estimated based on dichotomized test results, the correlation between real-time qpcr threshold cycle (ct) values and colony-forming units (cfu) on heym for fresh and thawed ... | 2010 | 20807920 |
| correlated time to event data: modeling repeated clinical mastitis data from dairy cattle in new york state. | mastitis is the most prevalent production disease in dairy herds worldwide and is considered to be the most economically important disease of dairy cattle. modeling the risk of cows contracting mastitis is therefore of great interest for both targeting prevention programs and evaluating treatment protocols. clinical mastitis (cm) is a disease of recurrent nature, thus correlation between the subsequent events within one cow may be present. this would violate the assumption behind most statistica ... | 2010 | 21035216 |
| estimation of genetic parameters for measures of calf survival in a population of holstein heifer calves from a heifer-raising facility in new york state. | the objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters of survival to weaning and survival to exit for a population of holstein calves from new york state, as well as to associate the estimated breeding values determined in the current study with traits from ongoing genetic evaluations used in canada and the united states. data were recorded for 7,372 heifer calves at a commercial rearing facility in new york state from arrival at 1 to 7 d of age for the duration of stay at the fac ... | 2011 | 21183057 |
| cow-level and herd-level risk factors for subclinical endometritis in lactating holstein cows. | the objectives of this study were to obtain prevalence estimates for subclinical endometritis (sce), determine cow- and herd-level risk factors, and evaluate the reproductive consequences of sce. a cross-sectional study was used to determine prevalence and risk factors with cows followed in a prospective study to determine reproductive outcomes. lactating holstein cows were sampled between 40 and 60 d in milk using low-volume uterine lavage, and cytology was evaluated to determine sce status. in ... | 2011 | 21257044 |
| sources of klebsiella and raoultella species on dairy farms: be careful where you walk. | klebsiella spp. are a common cause of mastitis, milk loss, and culling on dairy farms. control of klebsiella mastitis is largely based on prevention of exposure of the udder to the pathogen. to identify critical control points for mastitis prevention, potential klebsiella sources and transmission cycles in the farm environment were investigated, including oro-fecal transmission, transmission via the indoor environment, and transmission via the outdoor environment. a total of 305 samples was coll ... | 2011 | 21257074 |
| factors affecting dissolved phosphorus and nitrate concentrations in ground and surface water for a valley dairy farm in the northeastern united states. | agriculture often is considered to be a contributor of soluble reactive phosphorus (srp) and nitrate-n (no3- -n) to surface waters. this research analyzed srp and no3- -n concentrations in groundwater and in a creek fed by groundwater on a valley dairy farm in the cannonsville basin of the new york city (nyc) watershed. a total of 37 groundwater piezometers were installed to depths of 0.3 to 1.5 m. water-table depth and concentrations of srp, no3- -n, dissolved organic carbon (doc), and dissolve ... | 2011 | 21449473 |
| environmental contamination with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in endemically infected dairy herds. | environmental contamination with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is thought to be one of the primary sources of infection for dairy cattle. the exact link between fecal shedding of map by individual cows and environmental contamination levels at the herd level was explored with a cross-sectional analysis of longitudinally collected samples on 3 dairy farms. composite samples from multiple environmental sites in 3 commercial dairy herds in the northeast us were cultured quarterl ... | 2011 | 21775002 |
| the effect of recurrent episodes of clinical mastitis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on mortality and culling in holstein dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to estimate the effects of recurrent episodes of different types of clinical mastitis (cm) caused by gram-positive (streptococcus spp., staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus spp.) and gram-negative (escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter, pseudomonas) bacteria, and other organisms (arcanobacterium pyogenes, mycoplasma, corynebacterium bovis, yeast, miscellaneous) on the probability of mortality and culling in holstein dairy cows. data from 30,233 ... | 2011 | 21943738 |
| prevalence of giardia duodenalis assemblages among dairy herds in the new york city watershed. | a longitudinal herd-level study was carried out to determine the cumulative incidence of giardia duodenalis infections in dairy cattle in the new york city watershed. we also sought to assess the changes in infection pattern of animals diagnosed as shedding giardia over time, determine risk factors that may be associated with g. duodenalis infections, and identify potentially zoonotic infections. a total of 2109 fecal samples were randomly collected from dairy cattle at 34 farms in the new york ... | 2011 | 21993211 |
| Microbial diversity in bovine papillomatous digital dermatitis in Holstein dairy cows from upstate New York. | Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is one of the most prevalent diseases of cattle, adversely affecting the dairy industry by its negative effect on milk production and reproductive performance. Our objective was to use culture-independent methods to determine the microbial diversity in different strata of PDD lesions of three Holstein dairy cows, analyzing whether major differences exist compared to foot skin of three non-infected cows. Both group-specific 16S rRNA gene PCR-denaturing gradi ... | 2011 | 22093037 |
| short communication: genetic parameters for measures of calf health in a population of holstein calves in new york state. | the objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters of preweaning undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease (brd), umbilical diseases (umb), and bloat (blt) for a population of holstein calves from new york state, as well as to associate the estimated breeding values determined in the current study with traits from ongoing genetic evaluations used in canada and the united states. data were recorded for 7,372 heifer calves at a commercial rearing facility in new york state, fro ... | 2011 | 22118106 |
| Evaluation of factors associated with the risk of infection with Cryptosporidium parvum in dairy calves. | Objective-To identify risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium parvum infection in dairy calves. Animals-108 case animals and 283 control animals. Procedures-Case animals were calves infected with C parvum, and controls were infected with Cryptosporidium bovis (n = 67) or calves not infected with Cryptosporidium spp. Fecal samples were tested via the flotation concentration method for Cryptosporidium spp. Samples were genotyped by sequencing of the 18s rRNA gene. Associations between hos ... | 2012 | 22204291 |
| herd-level risk factors for lameness in freestall farms in the northeastern united states and california. | the objective was to investigate the association between herd-level management and facility design factors and the prevalence of lameness in high-producing dairy cows in freestall herds in the northeastern united states (ne; vermont, new york, pennsylvania) and california (ca). housing and management measures such as pen space, stall design, bedding type, and milking routine were collected for the high-producing pen in 40 farms in ne and 39 farms in ca. all cows in the pen were gait scored using ... | 2013 | 23141819 |
| spatial point pattern analyses of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in domestic livestock herds and concomitant seroprevalence in wild white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in new york state, usa. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is an economically important disease of domestic cattle that is capable of infecting cervids. a first step in the formulation of a regional bvdv management plan is a local assessment of the likelihood of pathogen transmission from wildlife to domestic livestock. to achieve this, blood samples were collected from hunter-harvested white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) throughout new york state in the fall of 2009 and 2010. the svanovir bvdv p80-ab enzyme-lin ... | 2013 | 23512919 |
| herd-level risk factors for hock injuries in freestall-housed dairy cows in the northeastern united states and california. | the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between management and facility design factors and the prevalence of hock injuries in high-producing dairy cows in 76 freestall herds in the northeastern united states (ne-us; vermont, new york, pennsylvania) and california (ca). one group of high-production multiparous cows was monitored on each farm, and data on management, facility and stall design, and the conditions of the hocks were collected. focal cows [n=38 ± 3 (mean ± standard d ... | 2013 | 23548284 |
| risk factors for clinical mastitis, ketosis, and pneumonia in dairy cattle on organic and small conventional farms in the united states. | the us regulations for production of organic milk include a strict prohibition against the use of antimicrobials and other synthetic substances. the effect of these regulations on dairy animal health has not been previously reported. the objective of this study was to characterize disease detection and identify risk factors for selected diseases on organic (org) and similarly sized conventional (con) farms. dairy herds (n=292) were enrolled across 3 states (new york, oregon, wisconsin) with con ... | 2013 | 23684015 |
| pathogen-specific effects on milk yield in repeated clinical mastitis episodes in holstein dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to estimate the effects of clinical mastitis (cm) cases due to different pathogens on milk yield in holstein cows. the first 3 cm cases in a cow's lactation were modeled. eight categories of pathogens were included: streptococcus spp.; staphylococcus aureus; coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns); escherichia coli; klebsiella spp.; cases with cm signs but no bacterial growth (above the level detectable by our microbiological procedures) observed in the culture sam ... | 2014 | 24418269 |
| multiresidue screening of milk withheld for sale at dairy farms in central new york state. | many of the drugs commonly used in lactating dairy cows result in residues in the milk, prohibiting its sale for human consumption. milk withheld for sale because of drug treatment or from cows with high somatic cell counts is commonly called "waste milk." one-third of dairy farms in the united states use waste milk to feed preweaned dairy calves. limited information is currently available on the effect of this practice on the selection and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. pooled ... | 2014 | 24440252 |
| exposure of farm laborers and dairy cattle to formaldehyde from footbath use at a dairy farm in new york state. | formalin footbaths are commonly used in the dairy industry to prevent cattle hoof diseases. although formalin is a well-documented disinfectant, it is also a carcinogen and irritant. the aim of this study was to estimate the exposure of farm workers and dairy cattle to formaldehyde from footbaths located in a milking facility and a heifer facility at a dairy farm in western new york, usa. the dairy farm included approximately 3900 dairy cattle including young stock; of these, 1670 cows were milk ... | 2014 | 24768913 |
| effect of trace mineral supplementation on selected minerals, energy metabolites, oxidative stress, and immune parameters and its association with uterine diseases in dairy cattle. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between selected minerals' serum levels, energy metabolites, oxidative stress indicators, il-8 and haptoglobin levels, and the potential for uterine diseases. additionally, we investigated the effect of injectable trace mineral supplementation (itms) on metabolism, immune function, and animal health under field conditions involving a dairy herd with high milk production. the study was conducted in 1 dairy farm located near ithaca, new ... | 2014 | 24835975 |
| individual and combined effects of anovulation and cytological endometritis on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. | the objective was to evaluate the individual and combined effect of anovulation and cytological endometritis (cte) on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. a total of 1,569 cows from 3 data sets were used. in data set 1, 403 holstein cows from 5 dairies in new york were used. in data set 2, 750 holstein cows from 2 dairies, one in florida and one in california were used. in data set 3, 416 dairy cows, 165 holsteins, 36 jerseys, and 215 holstein-jersey crossbreeds from a grazing dairy in fl ... | 2014 | 24996269 |
| effects of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis on probability of conception in holstein dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to estimate the effects of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis (cm), occurring in different weekly intervals before or after artificial insemination (ai), on the probability of conception in holstein cows. clinical mastitis occurring in weekly intervals from 6 wk before until 6 wk after ai was modeled. the first 4 ai in a cow's lactation were included. the following categories of pathogens were studied: streptococcus spp. (comprising streptococcus dysgalactiae, st ... | 2014 | 25173468 |
| implications of pcr and elisa results on the routes of bulk-tank contamination with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map), the etiologic agent of johne's disease in dairy cattle, may enter the bulk tank via environmental contamination or direct excretion into milk. traditionally, diagnostics to identify map in milk target either map antibodies (by elisa) or the organism itself (by culture or pcr). high elisa titers may be directly associated with excretion of map into milk but only indirectly linked to environmental contamination of the bulk tank. patterns of bulk-mil ... | 2016 | 26686723 |
| in vitro evaluation of a novel bacteriophage cocktail as a preventative for bovine coliform mastitis. | the objective of this study was to investigate the potential use of bacteriophage in preventing escherichia coli mastitis on dairies. a cocktail consisting of 4 distinct bacteriophages was generated by screening against 36 e. coli isolates from dairy cows in washington state with clinical mastitis. the bacteriophage significantly inhibited growth of 58% of the washington state isolates and 54% of e. coli mastitis isolates from new york state, suggesting that the cocktail of phages had a relative ... | 2016 | 26774718 |
| validation of a mycoplasma molecular diagnostic test and distribution of mycoplasma species in bovine milk among new york state dairy farms. | mycoplasma mastitis is a contagious and costly disease of dairy cattle that significantly affects animal health and milk productivity. mycoplasma bovis is the most prevalent and invasive agent of mycoplasma mastitis in dairy cattle, and early detection is critical. other mycoplasma have been isolated from milk; however, the role and prevalence of these species as mastitis pathogens are poorly understood. routine screening of milk for mycoplasma by bacteriological culture is an important componen ... | 2016 | 27016831 |
| effects of injectable trace mineral supplementation in lactating dairy cows with elevated somatic cell counts. | objectives of this clinical trial were to evaluate the effects of injectable trace mineral supplementation (itms) on somatic cell count (scc), linear score (ls), milk yield, milk fat and protein contents, subclinical mastitis cure, and incidence of clinical mastitis in cows with elevated scc. holstein cows from a commercial dairy farm in new york were evaluated for subclinical mastitis, defined as scc ≥200×10(3) cells/ml on the test day preceding enrollment. cows with a history of treatment for ... | 2016 | 27320664 |
| a randomized controlled trial of dexamethasone as an adjunctive therapy to propylene glycol for treatment of hyperketonemia in postpartum dairy cattle. | treatment of hyperketonemia with oral propylene glycol has proven efficacy but the cure rate remains moderate. dexamethasone has long been suggested as a treatment for hyperketonemia, even though evidence of its efficacy is contradictory. the objective of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of adding a single intramuscular injection of 20mg of dexamethasone to oral propylene glycol therapy for hyperketonemia [blood β-hydroxybutyrate (bhb) ≥1.2mmol/l]. all cows between 3 a ... | 2016 | 27638258 |
| economic feasibility of cooling dry cows across the united states. | heat stress during the dry period reduces milk yield in the subsequent lactation of dairy cows. our objectives were to quantify the economic losses due to heat stress if dry cows are not cooled and to evaluate the economic feasibility of dry cow cooling. we used weather data from the national oceanic and atmospheric administration to calculate the number of heat stress days for each of the 50 us states. a heat stress day was declared when the daily average temperature-humidity index was ≥68. the ... | 2016 | 27743663 |
| whole-genome sequencing of drug-resistant salmonella enterica isolated from dairy cattle and humans in new york and washington states reveals source and geographic associations. | multidrug-resistant (mdr) salmonella enterica can be spread from cattle to humans through direct contact with animals shedding salmonella, as well as through the food chain, making mdr salmonella a serious threat to human health. the objective of this study was to use whole-genome sequencing to compare antimicrobial-resistant (amr) s. typhimurium, newport, and dublin isolated from dairy cattle and humans in washington state and new york state at a genotypic and phenotypic level. a total of 90 is ... | 2017 | 28389536 |
| histopathology case definition of naturally acquired salmonella enterica serovar dublin infection in young holstein cattle in the northeastern united states. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin ( salmonella dublin) is a host-adapted bacterium that causes high morbidity and mortality in dairy cattle worldwide. a retrospective search of archives at the new york animal health diagnostic center revealed 57 culture-confirmed salmonella dublin cases from new york and pennsylvania in which detailed histology of multiple tissues was available. tissues routinely submitted by referring veterinarians for histologic evaluation included sections of ... | 2017 | 28599615 |
| field trial of 2 calcium supplements on early lactation health and production in multiparous holstein cows. | our objectives were to measure serum ca concentrations in the first 48 h postpartum in cows supplemented with oral ca or subcutaneous ca and nonsupplemented cows and evaluate the effect of these treatments on the incidence of metritis, displaced abomasum, mastitis, and early lactation disease (any of the diseases milk fever, retained placenta, metritis, or displaced abomasum), removal from the herd, pregnancy to first insemination, and average daily milk yield for the first 10 wk of lactation. w ... | 2017 | 28987571 |
| extending the duration of the voluntary waiting period from 60 to 88 days in cows that received timed artificial insemination after the double-ovsynch protocol affected the reproductive performance, herd exit dynamics, and lactation performance of dairy cows. | this experiment evaluated the reproductive performance, herd exit dynamics, and lactation performance of dairy cows managed with a voluntary waiting period (vwp) of 60 or 88 d. secondary objectives were evaluating vwp effect on cyclicity status, uterine health, systemic inflammation, and body condition score (bcs) before first service. lactating holstein cows from 3 commercial farms in new york state cows were blocked by parity group and total milk yield in their previous lactation and then rand ... | 2018 | 29055542 |
| association of immediate postpartum plasma calcium concentration with early-lactation clinical diseases, culling, reproduction, and milk production in holstein cows. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the association of postpartum plasma ca concentration with early-lactation disease outcomes, culling within 60 d in milk, pregnancy to first service, and milk production. a total of 1,453 cows from 5 commercial dairy farms in new york state were enrolled in a prospective cohort study from february to november 2015. blood samples were collected within 12 h of parturition, and plasma was submitted to a diagnostic laboratory for total ca measurement. earl ... | 2018 | 29103725 |