Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of ibuprofen on coccidiosis in broiler chickens. | ibuprofen (ibu)-a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-inhibits the biosynthesis of prostaglandins with pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties and is therefore proposed as a candidate molecule for the treatment of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. in all experiments, ibu was administered via drinking water. in a first experiment, chickens were infected at 10 or 21 days of age with oocysts of eimeria acervulina (5 x 10(4)), eimeria maxima (3 x 10(4)), and eimeria tenella (7.5 x 10(3)) an ... | 2004 | 15077799 |
| coccidiosis control by administering toltrazuril in the drinking water for a 2-day period. | a 56-day floor pen study was conducted to determine the appropriate time to administer toltrazuril (baycox) (tol) for control of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. litter was seeded with field strains of eimeria acervulina, eimeria maxima and eimeria tenella. on days 0, 21, 35 and 56, all birds and feed were weighed. starting on day 14, weekly lesion scores and oocyst counts were performed. the treatments were 125 ppm nicarb (nic) in the starter to 66 ppm salinomycin (sal) in the grower with no to ... | 2004 | 15110398 |
| characterization of stage-specific and cross-reactive antigens from eimeria acervulina by chicken monoclonal antibodies. | the characterization of five chicken monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that were developed against apical complex antigens of eimeria acervulina sporozoites is realized and the mabs reactivity to merozoites belonging to this species is tested. using immuno-fluorescence assay (ifa), one mab (he-4) that recognized apical antigens common to sporozoites of e. acervulina and e. brunetti bound antigens localized on the apical tip of merozoites from all stages of development examined. the mab 8e-1, reactive ... | 2004 | 15133270 |
| an eimeria vaccine candidate appears to be lactate dehydrogenase; characterization and comparative analysis. | an eimeria acervulina protein fraction was identified which conferred partial protection against an e. acervulina challenge infection. from this fraction a 37 kda protein was purified and its corresponding cdna was cloned and shown to encode a lactate dehydrogenase (ldh). full length cdnas encoding ldh from two related species, e. tenella and e. maxima, were also cloned. the homology between the primary amino acid sequences of these three eimeria ldh enzymes was rather low (66-80%), demonstratin ... | 2004 | 15206462 |
| intestinal mucosal mast cell immune response and pathogenesis of two eimeria acervulina isolates in broiler chickens. | four experiments were conducted comparing intestinal immune responses to 2 isolates of eimeria acervulina (ea), ea1 and ea2. in experiments 1 and 2, broiler chicks of 2 commercial breeds were divided into control (nonchallenged), ea1-, or ea2-challenged groups. on d 6 postchallenge (pc), changes in bw were determined, intestinal lesions were scored, and duodenal tissue was evaluated for morphometric alterations and mucosal mast cell numbers. ea1 produced classical duodenal lesions and reduced vi ... | 2004 | 15510551 |
| protective immunity against eimeria acervulina following in ovo immunization with a recombinant subunit vaccine and cytokine genes. | a purified recombinant protein from eimeria acervulina (3-1e) was used to vaccinate chickens in ovo against coccidiosis both alone and in combination with expression plasmids encoding the interleukin 1 (il-1), il-2, il-6, il-8, il-15, il-16, il-17, il-18, or gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) gene. when used alone, vaccination with 100 or 500 mug of 3-1e resulted in significantly decreased oocyst shedding compared with that in nonvaccinated chickens. simultaneous vaccination of the 3-1e protein with t ... | 2004 | 15557615 |
| cross-reactivities with cryptosporidium spp. by chicken monoclonal antibodies that recognize avian eimeria spp. | in a previous study, we have developed several chicken monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against eimeria acervulina (ea) in order to identify potential ligand molecules of eimeria. one of these mabs, 6d-12-g10, was found to recognize a conoid antigen of ea sporozoites and significantly inhibited the sporozoite invasions of host t lymphocytes in vitro. furthermore, some of these chicken mabs showed cross-reactivities with several different avian eimeria spp. and the mab 6d-12-g10 also demonstrated cro ... | 2004 | 15725532 |
| development and characterization of a recombinant chicken single-chain fv antibody detecting eimeria acervulina sporozoite antigen. | chicken monoclonal antibody (mab), 8c3, which is reactive with a sporozoite antigen of eimeria acervulina, is a potential therapeutic agent against avian coccidiosis caused by eimeria spp. however, production of large amounts of 8c3 mab in cell culture system is labor intensive and not cost-effective. accordingly, recombinant single chain variable fragment (scfv) antibody was constructed by amplification of the v(h) and v(l) genes from chicken hybridoma, 8c3 and when expressed in e. coli gave 5 ... | 2005 | 15834788 |
| resistance to intestinal coccidiosis following dna immunization with the cloned 3-1e eimeria gene plus il-2, il-15, and ifn-gamma. | a cloned eimeria acervulina gene (3-1e) was used to vaccinate chickens in ovo against coccidiosis, both alone and in combination with genes encoding interleukin (il)-1, il-2, il-6, il-8, il-15, il-16, il-17, il-18, or interferon (ifn)-gamma. vaccination efficacy was assessed by increased serum anti-3-1e antibody titers, reduced fecal oocyst shedding, and enhanced body weight gain following experimental infection with e. acervulina. when used alone, anti-3-1e antibody titers were transiently, but ... | 2005 | 15839423 |
| partial protection against eimeria acervulina and eimeria tenella induced by synthetic peptide vaccine. | coccidiosis is a major parasitic disease of poultry industry and an ideal vaccine should induce long-lasting cross-species protective immunity. broiler chickens (cobb 500) were inoculated with single, double or triple injections of a synthetic peptide (derived from sequences of eimeria acervulina and eimeria tenella antigens) homogenized in freund's complete and incomplete adjuvants. the immune responses to the vaccine were assessed by evaluation of antibody and lymphocyte proliferation response ... | 2005 | 15878770 |
| effects of natustat supplementation on performance, feed efficiency and intestinal lesion scores in broiler chickens challenged with eimeria acervulina, eimeria maxima and eimeria tenella. | the effects of dietary supplementation of natustat, a proprietary plant derived product (alltech inc., ky, usa) and salinomycin, on performance, feed efficiency and intestinal lesion scores were observed during two eimeria challenge trials in broiler chickens. in the first trial chickens were challenged with eimeria sp. via infecting the litter with a known amount of eimeria oocysts. in the second trial the source of the eimeria challenge was the litter from the first trial and the same treatmen ... | 2005 | 15905033 |
| characterisation and histopathological observations of a selected brazilian precocious line of eimeria acervulina. | precocious lines of eimeria acervulina "cu" and "i" strains were obtained after 25 passages of oocysts in chickens that showed a shortening of the prepatent period for first oocyst output from 96 h to 81 and 82 h, respectively. both precocious lines were evaluated for pathogenicity using as criteria weight gain, lesion score and total oocyst production. infection of the "cu" precocious line in chickens showed a high weight gain, low lesion score and low oocyst production, when compared to parent ... | 2005 | 15923086 |
| heat shock protein 90 genes of two species of poultry eimeria: expression and evolutionary analysis. | heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) is 1 of the most abundant and evolutionarily conserved proteins. in most species, hsp90 is essential for proper cell function. in this study, we present the molecular analysis of hsp90 from eimeria species, the causative agents of avian coccidiosis. the full-length eimeria acervulina hsp90 complementary dna was isolated from intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes of eimeria-infected chickens. from evolutionary analysis and sequence identity, it is likely that eimeri ... | 2005 | 15986604 |
| display and selection of chicken iga fab fragments. | passive immune therapy is regaining interest to prevent and cure infectious diseases both in human and veterinary medicine. therefore, systems are required that enable efficient targeted selection of antibodies originating from virtually any animal species. here, a system for the selection of chicken iga, using phage display, is described. a novel phagemid vector (pchick3) for the display and selection of chicken iga antibodies in fab format was developed. the functionality of pchick3 was demons ... | 2006 | 16280167 |
| induction of local protective immunity to eimeria acervulina by a lactobacillus-based probiotic. | previously we have shown that resistance to eimeria acervulina (ea) infection in broiler chickens was enhanced by a probiotic treatment. in the present studies, we examined cytokine and oocyst production under similar conditions using a commercial lactobacillus-based probiotic. day-old male broiler chicks were fed control or probiotic diets and were orally challenged with either 2x10(4) (experiment 1) or 1x10(4) (experiment 2) oocysts of ea at 3 weeks of age. for the first experiment, fecal oocy ... | 2005 | 16293311 |
| relative virulences of a drug-resistant and a drug-sensitive strain of eimeria acervulina, a coccidium of chickens. | the virulence of a field strain of the chicken coccidian parasite eimeria acervulina (boreham i), dually resistant to the chemically unrelated anticoccidial agents decoquinate and clopidol, was compared with that of a drug-sensitive laboratory strain (ongar) of the same species. following a single heavy infection (prevented from recycling), both strains exhibited pathogenic effects typical of their species, viz., pathognomonic lesions, adverse effects on body weight gain and feed conversion rati ... | 2006 | 16361061 |
| plant expression of chicken secretory antibodies derived from combinatorial libraries. | delivery of secretory iga antibodies (siga) to mucosal surfaces is a promising strategy to passively prevent infectious diseases. plants have been proposed as biofactories for such complex immunoglobulin molecules. recently, the molecular characterization of all four monomers of chicken siga (iga immunoglobulin heavy and light chains, j-chain and secretory component) has been completed, allowing recombinant, up scaled production of chicken siga and extension of passive immune strategies to poult ... | 2006 | 16448714 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of chicken lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf). | the inflammatory response to parasites, bacteria, and viruses is mediated by multiple host factors. tnf-alpha is one of the most pleiotropic cytokines in mammals, but has yet to be identified in avian species. in the current study, we isolated a full-length cdna encoding the chicken homologue of lps-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf), transcription factor, with an open reading frame of 148 amino acids and a predicted molecular mass of 16.0kda. quantitative rt-pcr analysis showed that chicken litaf ... | 2006 | 16466659 |
| effects of dietary ingredients and eimeria acervulina infection on chick performance, apparent metabolizable energy, and amino acid digestibility. | in each of three 2-wk experiments, chicks were inoculated on d 9 or 11 with 5.0 x 10(5) eimeria acervulina sporulated oocysts (acute infection) or on d 9, 12, 15, and 18 with 1.5 x 10(5) sporulated oocysts (chronic infection). in experiment 1, both fish meal (15%) and grobiotic-p (gb; international ingredient corporation, st. louis, mo; 5%) diets completely ameliorated the negative effects of acute and chronic coccidiosis infection on growth performance of crossbred chicks. the acute coccidiosis ... | 2006 | 16493945 |
| immunopotentiating effect of a fomitella fraxinea-derived lectin on chicken immunity and resistance to coccidiosis. | this study reports a novel immunopotentiating effect of a lectin (ffrl) extracted from the mushroom fomitella fraxinea on poultry cell-mediated immunity and poultry coccidiosis. we describe the extraction of ffrl, its in vitro mitogenic activity and in vivo protection against an oral challenge infection with eimeria acervulina. when tested on several cell types, crude ffrl agglutinated mouse erythrocytes and thymocytes and various other cells including murine and human cell lines. however, crude ... | 2006 | 16553274 |
| application of polymerase chain reaction based on its1 rdna to speciate eimeria. | a method was developed to recover eimeria spp. oocysts directly from poultry litter and determine which species of eimeria were present using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on the its1 rdna sequence. the species composition of eimeria oocysts was also compared before and after propagation in susceptible chickens to determine if the relative proportion of each species changed after expansion. in samples from two broiler operations, its1-pcr was able to detect eimeria spp. oocysts recovered ... | 2006 | 16617992 |
| effect of dietary zinc level on serum carotenoid levels, body and shank pigmentation of chickens after experimental infection with coccidia. | two experiments were conducted to test the effects of a dietary zinc amino acid complex (zn-aa) and an anticoccidial drug on eimeria acervulina or eimeria tenella infections. in each experiment, 288 day-old three-yellow-chickens were used in a 2 x 3 factorial experimental design. six groups were arranged randomly to receive three levels of zn-aa (0, 40, or 80 mg/kg) alone or with salinomycin (60 mg/kg). additionally an uninfected group was set as negative control. at the age of 21 days birds in ... | 2006 | 16736856 |
| the efficacy and economic benefits of supercox, a live anticoccidial vaccine in a commercial trial in broiler chickens in china. | the efficacy and economic benefits of supercox, a live anticoccidial vaccine were examined and compared with an anticoccidial drug in a trial in broiler chickens under modern commercial conditions in china. in total, 40,660 chickens were used in the present study, half of which were vaccinated with the supercox vaccine comprising a precocious line of eimeria tenella and non-attenuated lines of eimeria maxima and eimeria acervulina, and the other half were medicated with diclazuril delivered as f ... | 2006 | 16876953 |
| a recombinant attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine encoding eimeria acervulina antigen offers protection against e. acervulina challenge. | coccidiosis is a ubiquitous disease caused by intestinal protozoan parasites belonging to several distinct species of the genus eimeria. cell-mediated immunity (cmi) is critically important for protection against eimeria; thus, our approach utilizes the bacterial type iii secretion system (ttss) to deliver an antigen directly into the cell cytoplasm of the immunized host and into the major histocompatibility complex class i antigen-processing pathway for induction of cmi and antigen-specific cyt ... | 2006 | 16982843 |
| analysis of chicken cytokine and chemokine gene expression following eimeria acervulina and eimeria tenella infections. | the expression levels of mrna encoding a panel of 28 chicken cytokines and chemokines were quantified in intestinal lymphocytes following eimeria acervulina and eimeria tenella primary and secondary infections. compared with uninfected controls, transcripts of the pro-inflammatory cytokines ifn-alpha, il-1beta, il-6, and il-17 were increased up to 2020-fold following primary infection. by contrast, following secondary infection by either microorganism, pro-inflammatory mrnas levels were relative ... | 2006 | 16996141 |
| higher incidence of eimeria spp. field isolates sensitive for diclazuril and monensin associated with the use of live coccidiosis vaccination with paracox-5 in broiler farms. | twenty european eimeria spp. field isolates were subjected to an anticoccidial sensitivity test (ast). the anticoccidial drugs tested were diclazuril (clinacox) and monensin (elancoban). the assay was performed in a battery cage trial. infected medicated birds were compared with an unmedicated control group. coccidial lesion scores and oocyst shedding were used as parameters. the results of the ast show that resistance is common amongst coccidiosis field isolates, especially eimeria acervulina ( ... | 2006 | 17039846 |
| effects of feed additives and mixed eimeria species infection on intestinal microbial ecology of broilers. | evaluation of digestive microbial ecology is necessary to understand effects of growth-promoting feed. in the current study, the dynamics of intestinal microbial communities (mc) were examined in broilers fed diets supplemented with a combination of antibiotic (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) and ionophore (coban 60), and diets containing 1 of 2 essential oil (eo) blends, crina poultry (cp) and crina alternate (ca). five treatments were analyzed: 1) unmedicated uninfected control; 2) unmedica ... | 2006 | 17135664 |
| influence of pediococcus-based probiotic on coccidiosis in broiler chickens. | coccidiosis is the major parasitic disease of poultry and is caused by the apicomplexan parasites eimeria. drugs and live vaccines are the 2 main control measures of the disease; however, due to increasing concerns with prophylactic drug use and the high cost of vaccines, alternative control methods are needed. recent evidence that various dietary and live microbial supplements can influence host immunity against enteric diseases prompted us to investigate the role of a pediococcus-based probiot ... | 2007 | 17179417 |
| characterisation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor from eimeria species infectious to chickens. | macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) was the first cytokine to be identified almost 40 years ago. homologues of mif have been isolated recently from invertebrates, making it an interesting molecule from an evolutionary as well as functional perspective. the present study represents the first report of mif homologues in apicomplexan parasites, belonging to the genus eimeria. a single full-length clone was isolated from eimeria acervulina that shared between 35 and 38% amino acid identity ... | 2007 | 17194492 |
| functional characterization of tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (tnfsf15) induced by lipopolysaccharides and eimeria infection. | a full-length cdna encoding chicken tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (tnfsf15) was isolated and its functional role was investigated. tnfsf15 transcripts were primarily expressed in spleen, liver, intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iel), peripheral blood lymphocytes and bursa. in vitro infection of htc macrophages with three species of eimeria sporozoites induced tnfsf15 gene expression. in vivo experiments revealed that tnfsf15 gene was highly increased following primary infections wit ... | 2007 | 17349692 |
| enzymes as feed additive to aid in responses against eimeria species in coccidia-vaccinated broilers fed corn-soybean meal diets with different protein levels. | this research aimed to evaluate the effects of adding a combination of exogenous enzymes to starter diets varying in protein content and fed to broilers vaccinated at day of hatch with live oocysts and then challenged with mixed eimeria spp. five hundred four 1-d-old male cobb-500 chickens were distributed in 72 cages. the design consisted of 12 treatments. three anticoccidial control programs [ionophore (io), coccidian vaccine (cov), and coccidia-vaccine + enzymes (cov + ec)] were evaluated und ... | 2007 | 17369534 |
| effects of pediococcus- and saccharomyces-based probiotic (mitomax) on coccidiosis in broiler chickens. | coccidiosis is the major parasitic disease of poultry. in this study, the role of the commercial probiotic mitomax which contains pediococcus acidilactici and saccharomyces boulardii was evaluated by measuring body weight gain, fecal oocyst shedding, and serum antibody responses as an alternative control method of prophylactic drug against coccidiosis. day-old broiler chicks were fed regular or probiotic diets supplemented with mitomax at 0.01%, 0.1%, or 1.0% of diet, and challenged 2 weeks late ... | 2007 | 17434586 |
| the application of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based capillary electrophoretic technique provides detailed insights into eimeria populations in intensive poultry establishments. | intestinal coccidiosis, caused by one or multiple species of eimeria (protozoa: apicomplexa), is one of the most important infectious diseases affecting chickens. in this study, we used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based capillary electrophoresis (ce) approach to conduct an epidemiological survey of eimeria species in seven australian broiler flocks, varying in age from 18 to 42 days. we confirmed that all seven recognized eimeria species of poultry were present. eimeria acervulina and e. m ... | 2007 | 17448632 |
| resistance to anticoccidial drugs of dutch avian eimeria spp. field isolates originating from 1996, 1999 and 2001. | fifteen eimeria spp. field isolates sampled on dutch broiler farms were subjected to an anticoccidial sensitivity test (ast) in a battery cage study. four isolates dated from 1996, another four from 1999 and the last seven isolates from 2001. the selected anticoccidial drugs were monensin, narasin, salinomycin, lasalocid, nicarbazin, diclazuril, halofuginone, maduramicin and meticlorpindol/methylbenzoquate. maduramicin and halofuginone were not included in the asts of 1999 and 2001, while meticl ... | 2003 | 17585463 |
| the role of the protozoan parasite eimeria acervulina in disease of the domestic chicken. | 1950 | 17648475 | |
| immunomodulatory properties of dietary plum on coccidiosis. | the current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with a lyophilized powder made from plums (p) on host protective immune responses against avian coccidiosis, the most economically important parasitic disease of poultry. one-day-old white leghorn chickens were fed from the time of hatch with a standard diet either without p (control and p 0 groups) or supplemented with p at 0.5% (p 0.5) or 1.0% (p 1.0) of the diet. animals in the p 0, p 0.5, and p 1.0 groups were ... | 2008 | 17686519 |
| antagonistic effect of electromagnetic field exposure on coccidiosis infection in broiler chickens. | the hypothesis tested was that exposure of broiler chickens to an electromagnetic field (emf) may reduce the signs of coccidiosis infection, based on recent insights into immunology. the experiment had a 2 x 2 factorial design. an uninfected and an infected group did not receive further treatment, whereas the other uninfected and infected groups were subjected to emf treatment. in the cages of emf-treated birds, a field strength of 5 mut root mean square was created for a period of 30 min/d. inf ... | 2007 | 17878443 |
| coccidia-induced mucogenesis promotes the onset of necrotic enteritis by supporting clostridium perfringens growth. | this study tested the hypothesis that a host mucogenic response to an intestinal coccidial infection promotes the onset of necrotic enteritis (ne). a chick ne model was used in which birds were inoculated with eimeria acervulina and e. maxima and subsequently with clostridium perfringens (eam/cp). a second group of eam/cp-infected birds was treated with the ionophore narasin (nar/eam/cp). these groups were compared to birds that were either non-infected (nif), or infected only with e. acervulina ... | 2008 | 18068809 |
| high hydrostatic pressure and uv light treatment of produce contaminated with eimeria acervulina as a cyclospora cayetanensis surrogate. | the prevalence, size, genome, and life cycle of eimeria acervulina make this organism a good surrogate for cyclospora cayetanensis, a protozoan that causes gastroenteritis in humans, including recent outbreaks in the united states and canada associated with contaminated raspberries and basil. laboratory studies of c. cayetanensis are difficult because of the lack of readily available oocysts and of infection models and assays. uv radiation and high-hydrostatic-pressure processing (hpp) are both ... | 2007 | 18095439 |
| sulfaguanidine therapy in experimental intestinal coccidiosis (eimeria acervulina) of chickens. | 1949 | 18125960 | |
| development and validation of real-time polymerase chain reaction assays specific to four species of eimeria. | the development of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays specific to eimeria acervulina, eimeria maxima, eimeria necatrix and eimeria tenella is described and validated. the pcr templates adopted include a fragment of a gene encoding a microneme protein and previously characterized species-specific random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) sequences. the sensitivity of each assay allowed the consistent detection of between one and 10 parasite genomes, equivalent to between ... | 2008 | 18202955 |
| analysis of the phenotypes in field populations of eimeria acervulina expressing dual drug-resistance to decoquinate and clopidol. | two strains of eimeria acervulina were derived from samples collected from broiler houses where chicken flocks were being medicated with decoquinate (a quinolone); previous flocks in the same houses had been medicated with clopidol (a pyridone). the strains were found to be resistant to both drugs. in the laboratory, a dichotomous series of selection passages through chicks medicated with decoquinate or clopidol was used to demonstrate that both the original field populations of e, acervulina in ... | 1998 | 18483966 |
| development of a diagnostic pcr assay for the detection and discrimination of four pathogenic .eimeria species of the chicken. | we describe a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for the detection, identification and differentiation of pathogenic species of .eimeria in poultry. the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) regions of ribosomal dna (rdna) from .eimeria acervulina, e. brunetti, e. necatrix and .e. tenella were sequenced and regions of unique sequences identified. four pairs of oligonucleotide primers, each designed to amplify the its1 region of a single .eimeria species, were synthesised for use in the p ... | 1998 | 18484033 |
| [clinical and pathological aspects in broilers (gallus gallus domesticus) infected experimentally with eimeria acervulina tyzzer, 1929 sporulated oocysts]. | in the present study, clinical signs and pathological changes were evaluated during 30 days in broilers, lineage cobb, males, with ten days old, infected with eimeria acervulina. 192 animals were used distributed in 3 groups: group a inoculated with 1 x 10(6) sporulated oocysts; group b inoculated with 1 x 10(5) sporulated oocysts; group c inoculated with distilled water. the clinical signs observed were anorexia, diarrhea and apathy. the pathological macroscopic changes observed were: enteritis ... | 2008 | 18554435 |
| analysis of transcripts from intracellular stages of eimeria acervulina using expressed sequence tags. | coccidiosis in chickens is caused by 7 species of eimeria. even though coccidiosis is a complex disease that can be caused by any combination of these species, most of the molecular research concerning chicken coccidiosis has been limited to eimeria tenella. the present study describes the first large-scale analysis of expressed sequence tags (ests) generated primarily from second-stage merozoites (and schizonts) of e. acervulina. in total, 1,847 ests were sequenced; these represent 1,026 unique ... | 2008 | 18564746 |
| immunoprotection of chickens against eimeria acervulina by recombinant alpha-tubulin protein. | tubulins are heterodimeric molecules responsible for the polymerization of microtubules in apicomplexan parasites. the alpha-tubulin, a subcellular structural protein of eimeria acervulina, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli as an alpha-tubulin-gst fusion protein. immunogenicity of the recombinant protein was studied in chickens by subcutaneous injection of 50, 100, or 150 microg of the protein with or without freund's adjuvant. immunization with 150 microg alpha-tubulin-gst protein in ... | 2008 | 18633643 |
| cross-reactivity among antisera raised against five avian eimeria species in the natural host and in rabbits. | water- and sds-soluble antigens were prepared from purified sporulated oocysts of eimeria acervulina, e. maxima, e. necatrix, e. praecox and e. tenella. reactivity of . chicken hyperimmune anti-eimeria sera, rabbit anti-oocyst and rabbit anti-sporozoite sera with the homologous and heterologous oocyst antigens were determined and cross-reactivities were expressed as a percentage of those homologous sera. the results demonstrated that the antisera from chickens infected naturally with eimeria spe ... | 1995 | 18645809 |
| a survey of eimeria species in commercially-reared chickens in france during 1994. | in a survey of chicken coccidia in france during 1994, samples of litter were collected from 41 farms. on 31 of these farms, eimerian oocysts were abundant enough to allow monitoring of their numbers in the litter. peak total oocyst counts on these farms ranged from 16,200 to 1,254,000/g of litter, but no coccidiosis was observed. the chickens reared without anticoccidial agents in their food (poulets biologiques) produced higher and earlier peak oocyst counts in litter than the chickens given m ... | 1996 | 18645842 |
| antimicrobial activity of chicken nk-lysin against eimeria sporozoites. | nk-lysin is an antimicrobial and antitumor polypeptide that is considered to play an important role in innate immunity. chicken nk-lysin is a member of the saposin-like protein family and exhibits potent antitumor cell activity. to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of chicken nk-lysin, we examined its ability to reduce the viability of various bacterial strains and two species of eimeria parasites. culture supernatants from cos7 cells transfected with a chicken nk-lysin cdna and his-tagged p ... | 2008 | 18646461 |
| sensitivity of field isolates of eimeria acervulina to salinomycin, maduramicin, and a mixture of clopidol and methyl benzoquate in the chicken. | lerbek was more effective than salinomycin, and salinomycin more effective than maduramicin, against field isolates of e. acervulina obtained from farms where salinomycin had been used continuously for 30 crops. salinomycin was the most effective drug against isolates of e. acervulina from farms where various shuttle programmes had been employed. lerbek and maduramicin were ineffective against these isolates. | 1991 | 18680040 |
| the effects of monensin, narasin, salinomycin and nicarbazin, on field strains of chicken coccidia. | the sensitivity was established in vivo of 47 isolates of coccidia obtained from commercial broiler sites, to monensin, narasin, salinomycin and nicarbazin. seventeen samples were obtained from the uk, 15 from the netherlands, six from west germany, six from spain, and one each from france, italy and israel. fourteen (30%) samples were predominantly eimeria acervulina, 18 (38%) predominantly e. tenella. the remaining 15 (32%) were mixed species, predominantly e. acervulina and e. tenella with so ... | 1988 | 18766741 |
| [influence of eimeria acervulina duodenal coccidiosis on intestinal absorption of lysine and on the movement of water and electrolytes]. | the absorption rate of 14c l-lysine and net flux of water and mineral ions (na+, k+) were studied in 4-week-old male chickens infected with eimeria acervulina (10(6) sporulated oocysts/chicken). intestinal coccidiosis significantly decreased absorption rate of 14c-lysine. this effect was particularly pronounced in the jejunum. net flux of water was also modified: its absorption was decreased in the middle and distal small intestine. in the duodenum a net absorption of water was converted to a ne ... | 1976 | 18777344 |
| immunogenicity of recombinant attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strains carrying a gene that encodes eimeria tenella antigen so7. | recombinant attenuated salmonella vaccines against avian coccidiosis were developed to deliver eimeria species antigens to the lymphoid tissues of chickens via the type 3 secretion system (t3ss) and the type 2 secretion system (t2ss) of salmonella. for antigen delivery via the t3ss, the eimeria tenella gene encoding sporozoite antigen so7 was cloned downstream of the translocation domain of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sope gene in the parental pya3868 and pya3870 vectors to gener ... | 2008 | 18809658 |
| immunomodulatory effects of feed-borne fusarium mycotoxins in chickens infected with coccidia. | the potential for fusarium mycotoxins to modulate immunity was studied in chickens raised to 10 weeks of age using an enteric coccidial infection model. experimental diets included: control, diets containing grains naturally contaminated with fusarium mycotoxins, and diets containing contaminated grains + 0.2% polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (gma). contaminated diets contained up to 3.8 microg/g deoxynivalenol (don), 0.3 microg/g 15-acetyl don and 0.2 microg/g zearalenone. an optimized ... | 2008 | 18824722 |
| the optimal immunization procedure of dna vaccine pcdna-ta4-il-2 of eimeria tenella and its cross-immunity to eimeria necatrix and eimeria acervulina. | the immunization procedure of dna vaccine pcdna-ta4-il-2 of eimeria tenella, including route, dose, time of immunization and age of primary immunization of chicken, was optimized. the stability and the cross-species protection of the vaccine were also analyzed. efficacy of immunization was evaluated on the basis of oocyst decrease ratio, lesion score, body-weight gain and the anti-coccidial index (aci). chinese yellow chickens were randomly distributed into corresponding groups (30/group). the c ... | 2009 | 19019543 |
| a polymerase chain reaction-coupled high-resolution melting curve analytical approach for the monitoring of monospecificity of avian eimeria species. | coccidiosis is a significant disease of poultry caused by different species of eimeria. differentiation of eimeria species is important for the quality control of the live attenuated eimeria vaccines derived from monospecific lines of eimeria spp. in this study, high-resolution melting (hrm) curve analysis of the amplicons generated from the second internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal dna (its-2) was used to distinguish between seven pathogenic eimeria species of chickens, and the re ... | 2009 | 19156576 |
| enhancement of resistance to coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens by dietary muscadine pomace. | muscadine pomace (mp), a by-product of the production of wine and juice from vitis rotundifolia, was dried and tested in chickens for effects on primary resistance to coccidiosis, development of protective immunity after vaccination with live coccidia, and resistance to necrotic enteritis (ne) caused by the joint action of clostridium perfringens and coccidia. to test primary resistance to coccidiosis, 2-wk-old chicks were given 2% or 5% mp in the diet and inoculated with eimeria acervulina and ... | 2008 | 19166057 |
| detection of five avian eimeria species by species-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. | to detect five different avian eimeria species, we applied the sybr green-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the diagnosis of field-isolated parasites by using their individual species-specific primer sets. the primer sets were originally designed for eimeria acervulina, e brunetti, e necatrix, and e tenella based on the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 1 region of ribosomal dna, whereas for e. maxima the primer sets were derived from sequences reported previous ... | 2008 | 19166058 |
| the origins and biological significance of the coccidial lesions that occur in chickens vaccinated with a live attenuated anticoccidial vaccine. | the occurrence of vaccine-induced coccidial lesions in chicks vaccinated with a live attenuated anticoccidial vaccine is demonstrated. healthy broiler chicks reared on litter to facilitate autoreinfection, but isolated from extraneous coccidial infections, were vaccinated when 8 days old with paracox. coccidial lesions were found in chicks between 5 and 23 days after vaccination; 24% of the 87 chicks sampled during 29 days had intestinal lesions of eimeria acervulina, eimeria maxima, eimeria ten ... | 2001 | 19184903 |
| induction of passive immunity in broiler chickens against eimeria acervulina by hyperimmune egg yolk immunoglobulin y. | the protective effect of hyperimmune igy fraction of egg yolk prepared from hens hyperimmunized with multiple species of eimeria oocysts on experimental coccidiosis was evaluated in young broilers. chickens were continuously fed from hatch with a standard diet containing hyperimmune igy egg yolk powder or a nonsupplemented control diet and orally challenged at d 7 posthatch with 5.0 x 10(3) sporulated eimeria acervulina oocysts. body weight gain between d 0 and 10 and fecal oocyst shedding betwe ... | 2009 | 19211525 |
| conservation of proteins involved in oocyst wall formation in eimeria maxima, eimeria tenella and eimeria acervulina. | vaccination with proteins from gametocytes of eimeria maxima protects chickens, via transfer of maternal antibodies, against infection with several species of eimeria. antibodies to e. maxima gametocyte proteins recognise proteins in the wall forming bodies of macrogametocytes and oocyst walls of e. maxima, eimeria tenella and eimeria acervulina. homologous genes for two major gametocyte proteins - gam56 and gam82 - were found in e. maxima, e. tenella and e. acervulina. alignment of the predicte ... | 2009 | 19477178 |
| immunoproteomic analysis of the second-generation merozoite proteins of eimeria tenella. | whole proteins of the second-generation merozoite of eimeria tenella were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and western blot using the chicken sera infected artificially with e. tenella. approximately 640 spots were detected on proteome map of the second-generation merozoite stained by coomassie brilliant blue g-250 and 85 spots were recognized on western blot map as antigens. forty four spots of the antigens were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization tim ... | 2009 | 19581052 |
| coccidian merozoite transcriptome analysis from eimeria maxima in comparison to eimeria tenella and eimeria acervulina. | with the eimeria spp. populations that infect chickens used as a model for coccidian biology, we aimed to survey the transcriptome of eimeria maxima and contrast it to the 2 other eimeria spp. for which transcriptome data are available, i.e., eimeria tenella and eimeria acervulina . the asexual intracellular development stage, the merozoite, was specifically examined, and we used expressed sequence tag (est) analysis to provide experimental evidence of transcription and a framework for understan ... | 2010 | 19799488 |
| pathogenesis of eimeria praecox in chickens: virulence of field strains compared with laboratory strains of e. praecox and eimeria acervulina. | the pathogenesis in chickens of the apicomplexan eimeria praecox was compared with that of eimeria acervulina, using intestinal lesions, mucosal integrity, body weight gain (bwg) and the feed conversion ratio (fcr) as criteria. characteristics of each species were described by combinations of polymerase chain reaction assays and classic parasitological signs. there were considerable overlaps in lengths, breadths, shape indices and volumes of the oocysts of each species. both species caused stati ... | 2009 | 19937523 |
| comparison of global transcriptional responses to primary and secondary eimeria acervulina infections in chickens. | in the current study, we compared chicken gene transcriptional profiles following primary and secondary infections with eimeria acervulina using a 9.6k avian intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte cdna microarray (aviela). gene ontology analysis showed that primary infection significantly modulated the levels of mrnas for genes involved in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates as well as those for innate immune-related genes. by contrast, secondary infection increased the levels of transcrip ... | 2010 | 19941894 |
| cross immunity of dna vaccine pvax1-csz2-il-2 to eimeria tenella, e. necatrix and e. maxima. | the study describes cross protection experiments with chimeric dna vaccine pvax1-csz2-il-2 to determine its efficacy against four important eimeria species. seven-day-old chickens were randomly divided into nine groups; group 1 negative control, groups 2, 3, 4, 5 positive controls; and groups 6, 7, 8 and 9 experimental groups. on days 7 and 14, groups 1-5 were injected with te buffer, and groups 6-9 with the vaccine. at 21 days of age, all chickens were inoculated with 5 x 10(4) sporulated oocys ... | 2010 | 19944687 |
| sequence diversity of internal transcribed spacer-1 (its-1) region of eimeria infecting chicken and its relevance in species identification from indian field samples. | conventional method of species identification in eimeria employs phenotypic characters of the oocysts and the site of infection in the chicken intestine, which are subjective analyses. pcr-based identification of eimeria spp. is known to be specific and sensitive. we used internal transcribed spacer 1 (its-1)-based nested pcr to follow the distribution of eimeria spp. in the field, which may be of significant value in the management of coccidiosis in chickens. in the present study, intestinal sa ... | 2010 | 20012096 |
| [salinomycin and semduramicin in different concentrations on the broilers eimeriosis control]. | this study aimed to investigate the association of salinomycin and semduramicin, in different doses, against controlled mixed infection of eimeria acervulina, e. maxima and e. tenella in broiler chickens. eight hundred birds were divided into 5 groups (t1: not medicated feed; t2: 30 ppm of salinomycin and 12.5 ppm of semduramicin; t3: 30 ppm of salinomycin and 15 ppm of semduramicin; t4: 40 ppm of salinomycin and 12,5 ppm of semduramicin and t5: 40 ppm of salinomycin and 15 ppm of semduramicin) ... | 2009 | 20040210 |
| quantification of eimeria acervulina in faeces of broilers: comparison of mcmaster oocyst counts from 24h faecal collections and single droppings to real-time pcr from cloacal swabs. | coccidiosis is an economically important disease in chickens, caused by infection with eimeria species parasites. diagnosis of coccidiosis is frequently based on oocyst enumeration in pooled faecal samples or litter. in studies on infection dynamics and for monitoring in the field, samples from individual chickens may be more appropriate as these support the determination of infection status of individual birds and more accurately reflect oocyst output at time of sampling. faecal samples from in ... | 2010 | 20083358 |
| a recombinant dna vaccine encoding eimeria acervulina csz-2 induces immunity against experimental e. tenella infection. | the study describes vaccination experiments with highly immunogenic sporozoite eimeria acervulina csz-2 to determine its efficacy against e. tenella challenge. chickens were randomly divided into six groups. the chickens in the vaccinated groups were vaccinated with pvax1-csz2, pvax1-il-2 and pvax1-csz2-il-2 twice 'at days 14 and 21' with dose rate of 100microg intramuscularly. at 28 days of age, all chickens except the non-vaccinated non-challenged control group were inoculated orally with 5x10 ... | 2010 | 20144508 |
| eimeria acervulina: the influence of inoculation dose on transmission between broiler chickens. | the course and clinical appearance of an eimeria species infection in chicken flocks depend on the response of an individual bird to infection and on population-dynamics of the infection in the flock. differences in ingested numbers of oocysts may affect oocyst load in the flock and the subsequent infectious dose for not yet infected birds. to study the link between numbers of oocysts excreted by infected birds and transmission of eimeria acervulina, experiments were carried out with 42 pairs of ... | 2010 | 20146923 |
| morphologic changes in the intestine of broiler breeder pullets fed diets naturally contaminated with fusarium mycotoxins with or without coccidial challenge. | the effects of feeding diets containing grains naturally contaminated with fusarium mycotoxins on intestinal histology were studied in chickens raised to 10 wk of age in the absence or presence of coccidial challenge. experimental diets included the following: controls, diets containing grains naturally contaminated with fusarium mycotoxins, and diets containing contaminated grains + 0.2% polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent. contaminated diets contained up to 3.8 microg/g deoxynivalenol (d ... | 2010 | 20408401 |
| immunoenhancing effects of montanide isa oil-based adjuvants on recombinant coccidia antigen vaccination against eimeria acervulina infection. | the current study was conducted to investigate the immunoenhancing effects of montanide adjuvants on protein subunit vaccination against avian coccidiosis. broiler chickens were immunized subcutaneously with a purified eimeria acervulina recombinant profilin protein, either alone or mixed with one of four adjuvants (isa 70 vg, isa 71 vg, isa 201 vg or isa 206 vg), and body weight gains, fecal oocyst shedding, and humoral and innate immune responses were evaluated following oral challenge infecti ... | 2010 | 20541870 |
| metam sodium reduces viability and infectivity of eimeria oocysts. | metam sodium (ms, sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate) is a widely used soil pesticide. fumigation or chemical sterilization of poultry litter containing infectious oocysts could be an effective strategy to block the transmission of avian coccidia. in the current study, the effect of ms on the viability and infectivity of ocysts was investigated. the development of isolated, unsporulated oocysts of both eimeria tenella and eimeria maxima was inhibited, in a dose-related manner (ic(50) 8 to 14 microg/ ... | 2010 | 20557209 |
| efficacy of dna vaccines carrying eimeria acervulina lactate dehydrogenase antigen gene against coccidiosis. | the efficacies of dna vaccines encoding either eimeria acervulina lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) antigen or a combination of ldh antigen and chicken il-2 or ifn-gamma were evaluated against chicken coccidiosis. three vaccine plasmids pvax-ldh, pvax-ldh-ifn-gamma and pvax-ldh-il-2 were constructed using the eukaryotic expression vector pvax1. expressions of proteins encoded by plasmids dna in vivo were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and western blot assay. avera ... | 2010 | 20566413 |
| the dna-induced protective immunity with chicken interferon gamma against poultry coccidiosis. | the immunogenicity of eimeria acervulina csz-2 and chicken interferon gamma was observed against eimeria tenella challenge. the chickens were randomly divided into six groups of 24 chicks each. three groups of chickens were injected with dna vaccines pvax1-csz2, pvax1-chifn-gamma and pvax1-csz2-chifn-gamma two times (at days 14 and 21) at a dose of 100 microg intramuscularly. three other groups were kept as control and injected with te buffer (10 mm tris-hcl ph 7.6 and 1 mm edta). one week follo ... | 2010 | 20574837 |
| molecular prevalence and preponderance of eimeria spp. among chickens in tamil nadu, india. | coccidosis is one of the most commonly prevalent and economically important parasitic diseases of poultry worldwide. chicken coccidia are protozoan parasites of the genus eimeria. this study aimed at analysing the molecular prevalence of seven species of eimeria infecting chickens in tamil nadu, india. tissue samples (caecum, rectum and upper and mid intestines) collected from chickens exhibiting symptoms of coccidiosis were used for dna extraction, followed by amplification of the internal tran ... | 2010 | 20607286 |
| observations on the gross pathology of eimeria praecox infections in chickens. | challenge infections with 10(3), 5 x 10(4), 10(5), or 5 x 10(5) sporulated eimeria praecox oocysts caused moderate but significant weight gain reduction at all infective doses. substantial reduction in plasma carotenoids and moderate but significant increases in plasma no2(-) + no3- were observed only at the two higher doses when measured at day 6 postchallenge (pc). daily monitoring of chickens after challenge with 5 x 10(4) oocysts revealed an inflammatory response in the duodenum and jejunum ... | 2010 | 20608527 |
| construction of dna vaccines encoding eimeria acervulina csz-2 with chicken il-2 and ifn-γ and their efficacy against poultry coccidiosis. | the study describes vaccination experiments with highly immunogenic sporozoite e. acervulina csz-2 co-administered with chicken il-2 (chil-2) and interferon-γ (chifn-γ) to determine their efficacies against homologue challenge. the entire coding sequence of csz2, chil-2 and chifn-γ were cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pvax1, constructing dna vaccines pvax1-csz2, pvax1-chil-2, pvax1-chifn-γ, pvax1-csz2-chil-2 and pvax1-csz2-chifn-γ. the expression of target genes in vivo was detected by ... | 2011 | 20627271 |
| the effects of a novel adjuvant complex/eimeria profilin vaccine on the intestinal host immune response against live e. acervulina challenge infection. | the effects of a novel adjuvant composed of quil a, cholesterol, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide, and carbopol (qcdc) on protective immunity against avian coccidiosis following immunization with an eimeria recombinant protein were determined. broiler chickens were subcutaneously immunized with isotonic saline (control), eimeria recombinant profilin alone, or profilin emulsified with qcdc at 1 and 7 days post-hatch, and orally challenged with live eimeria acervulina at 7 days following the ... | 2010 | 20637765 |
| changes of cytokines and igg antibody in chickens vaccinated with dna vaccines encoding eimeria acervulina lactate dehydrogenase. | the aim of this study was to investigate the changes of cytokines and specific serum igg in chickens following vaccination with dna vaccines encoding either eimeria acervulina (e. acervulina) lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) antigen or ldh and chicken il-2 or ifn-γ. two-week-old chickens were randomly divided into five groups. experimental group of chickens were immunized with dna vaccines while control group of chickens were injected with pvax1 plasmid alone or sterile water. all immunizations were ... | 2010 | 20650568 |
| vaccination of chickens with dna vaccine encoding eimeria acervulina 3-1e and chicken il-15 offers protection against homologous challenge. | eimeria acervulina 3-1e antigen gene and mature chicken interleukin 15 (mchil-15) gene were cloned into expression vector pcdna3.1(+) in different forms, produced dna vaccine pcdna3.1-3-1e, and pcdna3.1-3-1e-linker-mchil-15 co-expressing e. acervulina 3-1e gene and mchil-15 gene, respectively. the expression of objective gene in vitro was detected by indirect fluorescent antibody technique and immunohistochemistry. the two dna vaccines were administered by intramuscular leg injection. an animal ... | 2011 | 20688059 |
| immune response of broiler chickens fed different levels of arginine and vitamin e to a coccidiosis vaccine and eimeria challenge. | one-day-old broiler chicks (n = 300) were orally vaccinated (coccivac-b) and divided into 6 groups to evaluate arg at 3 levels of supplementation, 0, 0.3, or 0.6% [normal level (narg), medium level (marg), or high level (harg), respectively], and 2 levels of vitamin e (ve), 40 or 80 iu/kg of feed (ve40 or ve80, respectively), in a factorial experiment. birds were reared in floor pens with fresh pine shavings and provided a corn-soybean-based diet and water ad libitum. at d 14, all chickens were ... | 2010 | 20709971 |
| montanide™ isa 71 vg adjuvant enhances antibody and cell-mediated immune responses to profilin subunit antigen vaccination and promotes protection against eimeria acervulina and eimeria tenella. | the present study was conducted to investigate the immunoenhancing effects of montanide™ isa 71 vg adjuvant on profilin subunit antigen vaccination. broiler chickens were immunized subcutaneously with a purified eimeria acervulina recombinant profilin protein, either alone or mixed with isa 71 vg, and host immune responses were evaluated. after secondary immunization, antigen-specific antibody and t-cell responses were higher in the group which received profilin plus isa 71 vg compared with the ... | 2011 | 20728439 |
| effect of eimeria acervulina infection history on the immune response and transmission in broilers. | heterogeneity in exposure to eimeria spp. of chickens in a flock will result in differences between individual birds in oocyst output and acquired immunity, which subsequently affects transmission of the parasite in the population. the aim of this study was to quantify effects of previous infection of broilers with eimeria acervulina on immune responses, oocyst output and transmission. a transmission experiment was carried out with pair-wise housed broilers, that differed in infection history. t ... | 2010 | 20800971 |
| epidemiological studies of coccidiosis in the domesticated fowl (gallus gallus): iv. reciprocity between the immune status of floor-reared chickens and their excretion of oocysts. | chickens reared in floorpens for 20 weeks and naturally infected with eimeria acervulina, e. tenella, e brunetti and e. maxima suffered outbreaks of coccidiosis, subsequently developing immunity to disease caused by each species. thereafter, fluctuations in immunity occurred, assessed by oocyst production following challenge, which did not produce clinical signs. these fluctuations where characterized by reciprocity between immunity to each species and the excretion of oocysts of the respective ... | 1995 | 20821864 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum and subsequent eimeria acervulina infections in chickens are not synergistic. | twenty-three years age, the first and only report of synergism between malarial and coccidial infections in chickens was published. in view of the potential commercial importance of this possible parasitic interaction in some parts of the world, and the lack of further supporting publications, this disease complex has now been reconsidered. an experiment on plasmodium gallinaceum and eimeria acervulina revealed no interaction of any kind between these species and a re-examination, with statistic ... | 1985 | 20821868 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of eimeria from turkeys and gamebirds: implications for evolutionary relationships in galliform birds. | in order to determine the evolutionary relationships among eimeria species that parasitize birds of the galliformes, the 18s rdna gene and a portion of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox-1) were amplified from eimeria species isolated from turkeys, chukars, and pheasants. the phylogenetic analysis of these sequences suggests that species infecting chickens are polyphyletic and, therefore, do not all share a direct common ancestor. both the 18s rdna and the cox-1 sequences indicate that eimeri ... | 2010 | 20950106 |
| cross-reactivity of anti-eimeria tenella antibody fragments on merozoites and sporozoites of different chicken eimeria species. | eimeria tenella-specific antibodies were examined for the cross-reactivity on the sporozoites and merozoites of e. tenella, eimeria maxima, eimeria acervulina and eimeria brunetti in an indirect fluorescence antibody test. two of nine antibodies showed cross-reactivity with sporozoites of e. maxima, e. acervulina and e. brunetti; however, the localization of specific fluorescence differed between species. no antibody binding was observed on merozoites. the suitability of these antibodies to alte ... | 2010 | 21107860 |
| diagnosis of eimeria species using traditional and molecular methods in field studies. | the objective of this study was to identify and characterize species of eimeria in broiler chickens using traditional morphological and pathological plus molecular (dna amplification) diagnostic methodologies. using a combination of those techniques it was possible to identify the presence of multiple circulating species in the flock as well as higher frequencies for some of them, especially eimeria praecox and eimeria maxima, which were identified in 100% of the flocks. the frequencies of the o ... | 2010 | 21167646 |
| zinc supplementation against eimeria acervulina-induced oxidative damage in broiler chickens. | this study was undertaken to determine the dietary supplements of zn containing diet on the antioxidant status in chickens experimentally infected with eimeria acervulina. the antioxidant status was monitored via determination of mda concentrations and erythrocyte sod and cat activities, as well as vitamin e, vitamin c, cu, and zn in liver, muscle, and serum. the results showed increased mda (p < .05), cat (p < .001), and decreased sod (p < .001) in the infected birds. significant changes in cu ... | 2011 | 21461390 |
| effect of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and eimeria acervulina infection on growth performance and the intestinal microbiota of young chicks. | chicks were used to determine whether dietary corn distillers dried grains with solubles (ddgs) may prevent or ameliorate eimeria acervulina (ea) infection. the experiment had a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of 3 diets (inclusion of 0, 10, or 20% ddgs) × 2 challenge treatments: inoculation with distilled water or with 10(6) sporulated ea oocysts. each treatment was replicated with 8 pens of 5 chicks each. experimental diets were fed from 7 to 21 d of age. inoculation ... | 2011 | 21489939 |
| prokaryotic expression and identification of 3-1e gene of merozoite surface antigen of eimeria acervulina. | eimeria acervulina was isolated from chicken at hebei province, china. the gene of merozoite surface antigen 3-1e was amplified and cloned into pet28a(+) vector and then transformed into escherichia coli bl21 strain. results showed that 3-1e fusion protein band of about 22 kda was identified by sds-page. western blot analysis indicated that the recombinant protein specifically reacted with e. acervulina polyclonal antibody. | 2011 | 21499749 |
| prevalence and risk factors for subclinical coccidiosis in broiler chicken farms in mazandaran province, iran. | coccidiosis is a disease of almost universal importance in poultry production. the subclinical form of coccidiosis has most significant economic impact due to impaired growth rate and feed conversion. some factors such as: age, size of flock, season, etc., may effect on severity of this disease. in this study, the relationships between some major risk factors and prevalence of subclinical coccidiosis were investigated. this study was done in 120 broiler farms in five different cities of mazandar ... | 2011 | 21626064 |
| mucosal immunity against eimeria acervulina infection in broiler chickens following oral immunization with profilin in montanide™ adjuvants. | the present study was conducted to compare aqueous nanoparticle-based montanide™ ims 1313 n vg pr (ims 1313) and oil-based isa 71 vg (isa71) adjuvants in combination with an eimeria subunit protein vaccine on protection against avian coccidiosis. male broiler chicks were vaccinated twice with an eimeria recombinant profilin protein alone or in conjunction with ims 1313 or isa 71 prior to infection with live, sporulated eimeria acervulina oocysts. for comparison, chickens were immunized with a co ... | 2011 | 21627964 |
| analysis of global transcriptional responses of chicken following primary and secondary eimeria acervulina infections. | characterization of host transcriptional responses during coccidia infections can provide new clues for the development of alternative disease control strategies against these complex protozoan pathogens. | 2011 | 21645291 |
| montanideôäó ims 1313 n vg pr nanoparticle adjuvant enhances antigen-specific immune responses to profilin following mucosal vaccination against eimeria acervulina. | this study investigated protection against eimeria acervulina (e. acervulina) following vaccination of chickens with an eimeria recombinant profilin in conjunction with different adjuvants, or by changing the route of administration of the adjuvants. day-old broilers were immunized twice with profilin emulsified in montanideôäó ims 1313 n vg pr adjuvant (oral, nasal, or ocular routes), montanideôäó isa 71 vg adjuvant (subcutaneous route), or freund's adjuvant (subcutaneous route) and orally chal ... | 2011 | 21700391 |
| effects of necrotic enteritis challenge on intestinal micro-architecture and mucin profile. | 1. this study investigated the effect of eimeria spp./clostridium perfringens induced necrotic enteritis and traditional antibiotic preventatives on intestinal micro-architecture and mucin profile. 2. a total of 600 cobb 500 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to the following three groups: (i) unchallenged, (ii) challenged, and (iii) zinc bacitracin/monensin (znb/monensin) (n = 25 chickens/pen, 8 pens/group). the challenged and znb/monensin chickens were individually inoculated with eimeria ... | 2011 | 21919578 |
| Evaluating the efficacy of cinnamaldehyde and Echinacea purpurea plant extract in broilers against Eimeria acervulina. | Coccidiostats could be phased out as feed additives before 1 January 2013 for public health and food safety reasons, and, as a replacement, bioactive compounds found in plants are currently being investigated since they are more likely to be found acceptable by consumers. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and Echinacea purpurea plant extract (EP) as additives by analyzing the performance traits, oocyst excretion and intestinal lesions following experimental ... | 2011 | 21996002 |
| Seasonal prevalence of coccidiosis in industrial broiler chickens in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. | The present paper reports the prevalence of coccidiosis in industrial broiler chickens in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan to determine the occurrence of different species of Eimeria in the area and to assess their correlation with the environmental conditions including temperature, humidity and rainfall. The study was conducted from January 2009 to December 2010. Examination of chicken guts revealed 43.89% (n?=?3,283/7,480) prevalence of coccidiosis. The highest prevalence (27.04%) was recorded of ... | 2012 | 22102015 |