Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| outcome of influenza vaccination in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) patients. | post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) is an anxiety disorder that can occur after exposure to extreme traumatic experience such as war trauma, and is accompanied by fear, helplessness or horror. exposure to trauma can result in immune dysregulation and influence susceptibility to infectious disease as well as vaccine efficacy. the aim of the study was to determine the relation of psychological stress and the immune response to influenza vaccination in combat-related ptsd patients (n = 28). detec ... | 2007 | 17511777 |
| development and validation of a rapid hplc method for the determination of oseltamivir phosphate in tamiflu and generic versions. | oseltamivir phosphate (op) is an antiviral drug that is used in the treatment and prophylaxis of both influenza a and influenza b. it is effective against all known influenza viruses than can infect humans, including pandemic influenza viruses and may be the most appropriate antiviral option against avian influenza caused by h5n1 virus. tamiflu, the registered trademark used under exclusive license by roche laboratories with op as active pharmaceutical ingredient, is considered the best treatmen ... | 2007 | 17512688 |
| response of influenza vaccines against heterovariant influenza virus strains in adults with chronic diseases. | the ability of influenza vaccination to provide cross-protection against heterovariant influenza strains was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, trial in north-east italy during the winter of 2005-2006. of 238 adult subjects with underlying chronic diseases, 120 received mf59-adjuvanted subunit vaccine (sub/mf59) and 118 received a conventional subunit vaccine (subunit). immunogenicity was measured for a/h3n2 and b influenza strains against both the homologous vaccine strains (a/new york/55 ... | 2007 | 17514499 |
| epidemics of influenza from winter to summer in the 2005/06 season in sapporo, japan. | 2007 | 17515659 | |
| zanamivir treatment is equally effective for both influenza a and influenza b. | 2007 | 17516418 | |
| clinical benefits with oseltamivir in treating influenza in adult populations : results of a pooled and subgroup analysis. | influenza is a potentially life-threatening illness that affects approximately 10% of the population annually, with resulting personal misery and societal disruption. oseltamivir is a novel influenza treatment that has been extensively investigated. we describe a series of retrospective analyses investigating various measures of clinical efficacy across different populations of influenza-infected patients enrolled in studies of oseltamivir (tamiflu((r))) that were conducted within the clinical d ... | 2003 | 17535069 |
| flan: a web server for influenza virus genome annotation. | flan (short for flu annotation), the ncbi web server for genome annotation of influenza virus (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/flu/database/annotation.cgi) is a tool for user-provided influenza a virus or influenza b virus sequences. it can validate and predict protein sequences encoded by an input flu sequence. the input sequence is blasted against a database containing influenza sequences to determine the virus type (a or b), segment (1 through 8) and subtype for the hemagglutinin and neur ... | 2007 | 17545199 |
| are point-of-care (poc) virological tests what is needed? | point-of-care (poc) tests are becoming more available, although the way in which they should be used is currently undecided. any 'laboratory'-based diagnosis of respiratory infections has three components: the specimen taken, the test used, and the interpretation of the results. each of these components needs to be carefully addressed when using poc tests for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections. given the enthusiasm with which poc tests are being developed, it is likely that they will ... | 2007 | 17552976 |
| trends for influenza-related deaths during pandemic and epidemic seasons, italy, 1969-2001. | age-specific patterns of death from influenza vary, depending on whether the influenza season is epidemic or pandemic. we assessed age patterns and geographic trends in monthly influenza-related deaths in italy from 1969 through 2001, focusing on differences between epidemic and pandemic seasons. we evaluated age-standardized excess deaths from pneumonia and influenza and from all causes, using a modified version of a cyclical serfling model. excess deaths were highest for elderly persons in all ... | 2007 | 17553246 |
| clinical impact of influenza immunization in patients with liver cirrhosis. | influenza vaccine is considered to reduce influenza-related morbidity and mortality in patients with underlying chronic medical conditions. yet in liver cirrhosis, influenza vaccines have received little attention in determining the potential benefits. | 2007 | 17560166 |
| [diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infections: interest of multiplex pcr]. | respiratory infections require a rapid etiological diagnosis for efficient management of cases. we evaluated multiplex pcr used for the diagnosis and the epidemiological surveillance of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. | 2007 | 17560747 |
| proximal splenic artery embolization for blunt splenic injury: clinical, immunologic, and ultrasound-doppler follow-up. | to evaluate the clinical, us (ultrasound)-doppler and hematologic findings after proximal splenic artery embolization (psae) for blunt injury. | 2007 | 17563670 |
| clinical evaluation of the sd bioline influenza virus antigen test for rapid detection of influenza viruses a and b in children and adults during the influenza season. | the performance of the sd bioline rapid antigen test kit for influenza virus detection was evaluated with 295 respiratory specimens during the influenza season. the overall sensitivity and specificity of the sd bioline test were 61.9% and 96.8% for the influenza a virus antigen and 54.5% and 100% for the influenza b virus antigen, respectively. the results were consistent with peak influenza activities. | 2007 | 17567765 |
| john f. enders lecture 2006: antivirals for influenza. | the long history of influenza drug development has both contributed practical advances in antiviral chemotherapy and improved the understanding of influenza pathogenesis and epidemiology. the role played by these antivirals continues to grow with the dual threats of seasonal and pandemic influenza. the neuraminidase inhibitors are proven effective for the chemoprophylaxis and treatment of influenza a and b, although early therapy is essential for disease mitigation. studies of topically applied ... | 2007 | 17570104 |
| viral etiology of acute exacerbations of copd in hong kong. | viral respiratory infections may precipitate acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd). however, little is known about viral etiology related to aecopd in asia. we aimed to study the viral etiology of aecopd in hong kong. | 2007 | 17573516 |
| safety and tolerability of oseltamivir prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: a retrospective case-control study. | oseltamivir is safe and effective in immunocompetent persons, and prophylactic use is recommended during influenza outbreaks. however, no data exist regarding the use of oseltamivir as prophylaxis among patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). | 2007 | 17578777 |
| influenzavirus infection is a primary cause of febrile respiratory illness in hiv-infected adults, despite vaccination. | there are, to our knowledge, no prospective studies of respiratory tract infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected adults in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) era. we performed a surveillance study of outpatients who presented with fever and respiratory symptoms to examine the role of viral pathogens in these patients. | 2007 | 17578785 |
| influenza surveillance in new zealand in 2005. | we report the influenza activity in new zealand in 2005 (including an influenza b epidemic) in terms of the disease burden, hospitalisations, viral strain characterisations, and vaccine recommendations. | 2007 | 17589549 |
| blunted humoral response to influenza vaccination in patients exposed to zidovudine plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | to determine as proof of principle the effect of combination exposure to zidovudine plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) on humoral immune responses to influenza vaccination in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | 2007 | 17594199 |
| [pcr restriction analysis of the genome composition of reassortant cold-adapted influenza b virus strains]. | a simple and sensitive method has been developed to determine the genome composition of the reassortant on the basis of b/ussr/60/69 by the restrictase analysis of dna copies of rna sites containing the nucleotide replacements typical of b/ussr/60/69. | 2007 | 17601045 |
| longer virus shedding in influenza b than in influenza a among outpatients treated with oseltamivir. | to compare the persistence, susceptibility and resistance of influenza a and influenza b viruses in oseltamivir therapy in outpatients of various ages. | 2007 | 17604839 |
| influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in infants and children: relationship with attendance at a paediatric emergency unit and characteristics of the circulating strains. | a study was carried out on 2,696 italian children, aged 0-14 years. the goals were: (1) to define the age-related impact of acute respiratory infections (ari), measured as the risk of attendance at the paediatric emergency room, (2) to better define the importance and proportion of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and (3) to acquire deeper knowledge of the influenza strains circulating in infants and children. a standardised emergency unit attendance risk (euar) was cal ... | 2007 | 17610094 |
| abnormal humoral immune response to influenza vaccination in pediatric type-1 human immunodeficiency virus infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. | given that highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) has been demonstrated useful to restore immune competence in type-1 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1)-infected subjects, we evaluated the specific antibody response to influenza vaccine in a cohort of hiv-1-infected children on haart so as to analyze the quality of this immune response in patients under antiretroviral therapy. sixteen hiv-1-infected children and 10 hiv-1 seronegative controls were immunized with a commercially available ... | 2007 | 17612772 |
| is there a role for influenza vaccination in cystic fibrosis? | influenza vaccination is generally recommended to patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). previous studies have shown that influenza infections cause worsening lung functions, disease progression and increase propensity of bacterial infections in cf. however, the clinical evidence in the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in cf is lacking. | 2008 | 17616444 |
| evidence that the cm2 protein of influenza c virus can modify the ph of the exocytic pathway of transfected cells. | the 115 residue cm2 protein of influenza c virus is a structural homologue of the m2 protein of influenza a virus. expression of the cm2 protein in xenopus oocytes showed that it can form a voltage-activated ion channel permeable to cl-. to investigate whether the cm2 protein has ph modulating activity comparable to that of the m2 protein, cm2 was co-expressed with a ph-sensitive haemagglutinin (ha) from influenza a virus. the results indicate that, like the m2 protein, the cm2 protein has a cap ... | 2007 | 17622634 |
| impact of respiratory infections by influenza viruses a and b in pediatrics patients from federal university of paraná, brazil. | the objective of the present study was to determine the impact of influenza virus on pediatric hospitalized patients. we retrospectively reviewed records of children with laboratory diagnoses, by cell culture and/or indirect immunofluorescence assay, of influenza virus seen in a period of 6 years. a total of 1,033 samples were analyzed, 45 (4.3%) of them being reactive to influenza virus. thirty-one samples were positive to influenza a virus and 14 to influenza b. the frequency of hospitalizatio ... | 2007 | 17625765 |
| the molecular epidemiology of influenza viruses: a lesson from a highly epidemic season. | to analyse the epidemiological and molecular features of a long-lasting epidemic (12 weeks) of influenza in north-eastern italy during the 2004-05 season. | 2008 | 17630401 |
| influenza in canada: 2006-2007 season update. | 2007 | 17632957 | |
| [analysis on the characteristics of ha1 gene of influenza virus b circulated in beijing, 2005-2006]. | 2007 | 17649671 | |
| [study on the epidemiological characteristics of an influenza b outbreak in jiangsu province]. | 2007 | 17649700 | |
| statement on influenza vaccination for the 2007-2008 season. an advisory committee statement (acs). | 2007 | 17663034 | |
| factors associated with early hospital discharge of adult influenza patients. | understanding factors affecting length of hospital stay (los) in patients with severe influenza may improve their management. | 2007 | 17668558 |
| synthetic multi-epitope peptides identified in silico induce protective immunity against multiple influenza serotypes. | influenza causes yearly epidemics of mild disease and, occasionally, pandemics with millions of fatalities. currently, no vaccine is effective against all influenza strains. analysis of influenza sequences from animal and human isolates using clustalw and a novel proprietary epitope prediction algorithm identified six conserved t cell-reactive regions in several proteins. immunisation of transgenic mice with a preparation of these six regions as chemically synthesised peptides (flu-v) induced a ... | 2007 | 17668898 |
| monitoring the impact of influenza by age: emergency department fever and respiratory complaint surveillance in new york city. | the importance of understanding age when estimating the impact of influenza on hospitalizations and deaths has been well described, yet existing surveillance systems have not made adequate use of age-specific data. monitoring influenza-related morbidity using electronic health data may provide timely and detailed insight into the age-specific course, impact and epidemiology of seasonal drift and reassortment epidemic viruses. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of emergency departm ... | 2007 | 17683196 |
| impact of flu on hospital admissions during 4 flu seasons in spain, 2000-2004. | seasonal flu epidemics in the european region cause high numbers of cases and deaths. flu-associated mortality has been estimated but morbidity studies are necessary to understand the burden of disease in the population. our objective was to estimate the excess hospital admissions in spain of diseases associated with influenza during four epidemic influenza periods (2000-2004). | 2007 | 17686175 |
| [epidemic status of influenza virus between 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 at kawasaki medical school hospital]. | of patients with influenza-like symptoms such as fever, myalgia and arthralgia 2399 visited kawasaki medical school hospital in 2004-2005 and 2171 in 2005-2006. among those patients over 16 years old, laboratory examinations using the rapid antigen test or the serum hi test were positive for 366 (a: 86, b : 280) in 2004-2005 and 372 (a :370, b:2) in 2005-2006. influenza b achieved epidemic status first in 2004-2005, followed by influenza a (h3n2) after april 2005. only influenza a was epidemic i ... | 2007 | 17695799 |
| long-term immunogenicity of a virosomal subunit inactivated influenza vaccine in children with asthma. | to evaluate long-term immunogenicity of a virosomal subunit inactivated influenza vaccine in children with asthma, a prospective study was conducted during 2005-2006 influenza season in six public pediatric clinics in milan and surroundings, northern italy. a single dose (0.5 ml) of a virosomal subunit inactivated influenza vaccine (inflexal v) was injected in 106 asthmatic children aged 3-9 years. serum hemagglutinin inhibition antibody titers were determined against the recommended influenza s ... | 2007 | 17697730 |
| biological evaluation of anti-influenza viral activity of semi-synthetic catechin derivatives. | catechin derivatives with different alkyl chain length and aromatic ring substitutions at the 3-hydroxyl group were synthesized from epigallocatechin (egc) and (+)-catechin (c) and their anti-influenza viral activity were evaluated in vitro and in ovo. pronounced antiviral activity was observed for derivatives carrying moderate chain length (7-9 carbons) as compared to those with aromatic rings, whereas the 5'-hydroxyl group of the trihydroxy benzyl moiety did not significantly contribute to ant ... | 2007 | 17709148 |
| activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling by the nonstructural ns1 protein is not conserved among type a and b influenza viruses. | recently it has been shown by several laboratories that the influenza a virus nonstructural protein 1 (a/ns1) binds and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k). this function of the protein is likely to prevent premature apoptosis induction during viral propagation. here we show that the b/ns1 protein completely lacks the capacity to induce pi3k signaling. thus, pi3k activation is another unique function of a/ns1 that is different from the action of its influenza b virus counterpart. | 2007 | 17715214 |
| influenza vaccine: the challenge of antigenic drift. | influenza continues to have a major worldwide impact, resulting in considerable human suffering and economic burden. the regular recurrence of influenza epidemics is thought to be caused by antigenic drift, and a number of studies have shown that sufficient changes can accumulate in the virus to allow influenza to reinfect the same host. to address this, influenza vaccine content is reviewed annually to ensure protection is maintained, despite the emergence of drift variants; however, it is not ... | 2007 | 17719149 |
| severe respiratory disease and its relationship with respiratory viruses in colombia. | there are important gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of respiratory virus infections in tropical countries. in september 2003, the colombian epidemiological surveillance system was notified of several deaths from an acute respiratory disease (ard). | 2008 | 17720600 |
| vaccine production: potential engineering approaches to pandemic influenza. | 2007 | 17721947 | |
| [live influenza vaccine: laboratory markers of attenuation]. | screening for candidate reassortants is an important step in the development of live influenza vaccine (liv). the temperature-sensitive (ts) and cold-adapted (ca) phenotypes of vaccine strains are generally determined, by employing chicken embryos, and used as ts and ca attenuation markers. however, it is difficult to use the egg-determined ts phenotypes of vaccine candidate reassortants as an attenuation marker due to a wide circulation of natural ts epidemic influenza viruses. this study used ... | 2007 | 17722606 |
| annual report of the national influenza surveillance scheme, 2006. | influenza surveillance in australia is based on laboratory isolation of influenza viruses, sentinel general practitioner reports of influenza-like illness, and absenteeism data from a major national employer. in 2006, 3,130 cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza were reported to the national notifiable diseases surveillance system, which was one-third lower than in 2005. the influenza season started in mid-june, with peak activity in late august. influenza a was the predominant type notified (7 ... | 2007 | 17724991 |
| host single-nucleotide polymorphisms and altered responses to inactivated influenza vaccine. | we analyzed the relationship between host gene polymorphisms and responses in recipients of inactivated influenza vaccine, who were classified into poor, normal, or adverse response groups. the frequency of the mannose-binding lectin-2 codon 54 allele was significantly different among the 3 types of responders, with a decreased odds ratio for the development of poor or adverse responses (p=.033). there was no statistical relationship between responses and either tumor necrosis factor- alpha or i ... | 2007 | 17763324 |
| isolation and characterization of influenza virus b (lee strain). | 1943 | 17776068 | |
| [results of two-year surveillance of flu in abidjan, côte d'ivoire]. | influenza (flu) is a seasonal viral disease that may have a favorable outcome or be associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate during epidemics. in view of the lack of epidemiological and virological data about flu in côte d'ivoire, a surveillance network was set up in abidjan to monitor the spread of flu and characterize isolated viruses. over the 24-month period from january 2003 to december 2004, nasal secretions were collected in patients presenting with flu syndrome at various heat ... | 2007 | 17784678 |
| demonstration of influenza virus, type b, in a recent outbreak of upper respiratory infection. | 1945 | 17788251 | |
| rapid multiplex nested pcr for detection of respiratory viruses. | respiratory tract infections can be caused by a heterogeneous group of viruses and bacteria that produce similar clinical presentations. specific diagnosis therefore relies on laboratory investigation. this study developed and evaluated five groups of multiplex nested pcr assays that could simultaneously detect 21 different respiratory pathogens: influenza a virus (h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1); influenza b virus; parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, 3, 4a, and 4b; respiratory syncytial virus a and b; human ... | 2007 | 17804659 |
| influenza viruses in animal wildlife populations. | influenza viruses belong to the family orthomyxoviridae. genus influenza a viruses are true zoonotic agents with many animal reservoirs, whereas genus influenza b viruses are generally considered to be a virus of humans. the genome of influenza a viruses consists of eight unique segments of single-stranded rna of negative polarity; they are typed according to their surface proteins, hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na). ha and na, the major antigenic determinants of influenza a viruses, are ... | 2007 | 17848061 |
| prospective study of human bocavirus (hbov) infection in a pediatric university hospital in germany 2005/2006. | human bocavirus (hbov), a new species of the genus parvovirus newly detected in 2005, seems to be a worldwide distributed pathogen among children with respiratory tract infection (prevalence 2%-18%). recently published retrospective studies and one prospective birth cohort study suggest that hbov-primary infection occurs in infants. | 2007 | 17851126 |
| rapid method for detection of influenza a and b virus antigens by use of a two-photon excitation assay technique and dry-chemistry reagents. | new separation-free assay methods for the rapid detection of influenza a and b virus antigens are presented. the methods employ dry-chemistry reagents and the recently developed two-photon excitation (tpx) fluorescence detection technology. according to the assay scheme, virus antigens are sandwiched by capture antibody onto polymer microspheres and fluorescently labeled antibody conjugate. consequently, fluorescent immunocomplexes are formed on the surface of microspheres in proportion to the c ... | 2007 | 17855571 |
| multiplexed reverse transcriptase pcr assay for identification of viral respiratory pathogens at the point of care. | we have developed a nucleic acid-based assay that is rapid, sensitive, and specific and can be used for the simultaneous detection of five common human respiratory pathogens, including influenza virus a, influenza virus b, parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and adenovirus groups b, c, and e. typically, diagnosis on an unextracted clinical sample can be provided in less than 3 h, including sample collection, preparation, and processing, as well as data analysis. ... | 2007 | 17855573 |
| community epidemiology of human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus nl63, and other respiratory viruses in healthy preschool-aged children using parent-collected specimens. | the purpose of this work was to assess the impact of recently described human metapneumovirus and human coronavirus nl63 compared with other respiratory viruses by using sensitive molecular techniques in a cohort of healthy preschool-aged children. we also aimed to assess the use of parent collection to obtain an adequate respiratory specimen from acutely unwell children in the community. | 2007 | 17875651 |
| preliminary evaluation of a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assay combined with a new dna chip hybridization assay for detecting respiratory syncytial virus. | dna chips represent a major advance in microbiology laboratories, enabling the detection of a wide range of possible pathogens using a single test. this study compared a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr combined with dna chip hybridization (prodect bcs rv chip; bcs biotech) with the indirect immunofluorescence test commonly used to detect respiratory viruses. a total of 39 respiratory viruses (38 respiratory syncytial viruses [rsvs] and 1 influenza a virus) were detected in samples from 96 pa ... | 2007 | 17881543 |
| [tetravaccine--new fundamental approach to prevention of influenza pandemic]. | according to opinion of who's experts, development and use of tetravaccine, which contains both interdemic and pandemic (h5n1) serotypes of influenza viruses, is one of the most promising approaches to control possible influenza pandemic. results of recently obtained data from clinical trials allowed experts from who to make a conclusion that protective immunity against avian influenza virus can be achieved after 2-doses immunization, when the immune system will be primed to hemagglutinin after ... | 2007 | 17882832 |
| identification of upper respiratory tract pathogens using electrochemical detection on an oligonucleotide microarray. | bacterial and viral upper respiratory infections (uri) produce highly variable clinical symptoms that cannot be used to identify the etiologic agent. proper treatment, however, depends on correct identification of the pathogen involved as antibiotics provide little or no benefit with viral infections. here we describe a rapid and sensitive genotyping assay and microarray for uri identification using standard amplification and hybridization techniques, with electrochemical detection (ecd) on a se ... | 2007 | 17895966 |
| mortality benefits of influenza vaccination in elderly people: an ongoing controversy. | influenza vaccination policy in most high-income countries attempts to reduce the mortality burden of influenza by targeting people aged at least 65 years for vaccination. however, the effectiveness of this strategy is under debate. although placebo-controlled randomised trials show influenza vaccine is effective in younger adults, few trials have included elderly people, and especially those aged at least 70 years, the age-group that accounts for three-quarters of all influenza-related deaths. ... | 2007 | 17897608 |
| update: influenza activity--united states and worldwide, may 20-september 15, 2007. | during may 20-september 15, 2007, influenza a (h1), influenza a (h3), and influenza b viruses cocirculated worldwide and were identified sporadically in the united states. this report summarizes influenza activity in the united states and worldwide since the last mmwr update. | 2007 | 17898694 |
| fatal influenza b virus pneumonia in a preterm neonate: case report and review of the literature. | although less common than influenza a, influenza b infections can cause significant mortality and morbidity in children who are immunocomprised and have underlying medical conditions. we report a preterm neonate with fatal influenza b virus pneumonia. this infant presented with signs and symptoms indistinguishable from any other cause of sepsis. | 2007 | 17898792 |
| influence of extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of m2 ion channel of influenza a virus on its activity. | co-expression of m2 protein of influenza a virus (iav) with ph-sensitive hemagglutinin (ha) reduces the conversion of ha to its low ph conformation during transport to the cell surface. mutational analysis of extracellular domain of m2 protein showed that single aa substitution w 15a did not influence the ion channel activity of m2 protein. replacement of first 24 aa of m2 protein with first 18 aa of nb protein of influenza b virus in chimera baa resulted in the loss of ion channel activity. the ... | 2007 | 17900218 |
| safety and immunogenicity profile of the concomitant administration of zostavax and inactivated influenza vaccine in adults aged 50 and older. | to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of zostavax administered concomitantly with inactivated influenza vaccine or sequentially in adults aged 50 and older. | 2007 | 17908055 |
| influenza vaccine 2007-2008. | 2007 | 17912142 | |
| safety and immunogenicity of a high dosage trivalent influenza vaccine among elderly subjects. | to improve immune responses to influenza vaccine, a trivalent inactivated vaccine containing 60 microg of the ha of each component (a/h3n2, a/h1n1, b) was compared to a licensed vaccine containing 15 microg of the ha of each. more local and systemic reactions were reported by subjects given the high dosage but only local pain and myalgias were significantly increased. the high dosage vaccine induced a higher frequency of serum antibody increases (> or =4-fold) in both hemagglutination-inhibiting ... | 2007 | 17913310 |
| recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2008 influenza season. | 2007 | 17918656 | |
| efficacy and safety of inhaled zanamivir in the prevention of influenza in community-dwelling, high-risk adult and adolescent subjects: a 28-day, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | influenza can cause significant morbidity and mortality in subjects at high risk for complications, including the elderly (age >or=65 years) and those with chronic respiratory, cardiovascular, or metabolic conditions. effective prophylaxis can significantly reduce the disease burden in this population. previous studies conducted primarily in non-high-risk subjects have reported the efficacy of inhaled zanamivir in preventing influenza. | 2007 | 17919541 |
| immediate and broad-spectrum protection against heterologous and heterotypic lethal challenge in mice by live influenza vaccine. | in this study, we evaluated a live attenuated influenza vaccine (x-31 ca, h3n2) as a fast-acting prophylaxis against both heterologous (a/new caledonia/99, h1n1) and heterotypic (b/shangdong/97, influenza b) infection. an immediate and broad-spectrum protection was achieved in the absence of specific antibody responses. vaccination immediately prior to challenge resulted in the generation of a significant pool of reassortant virus between the vaccine and virulent strains suggesting that the acqu ... | 2007 | 17919786 |
| influenza virus mutation and transmission. | 2007 | 17927017 | |
| influenza in the world. | 2007 | 17933086 | |
| a comparison of the effectiveness of zanamivir and oseltamivir for the treatment of influenza a and b. | to compare the effectiveness of zanamivir with oseltamivir for influenza a and b. | 2008 | 17936910 |
| influenza infection and risk of acute pulmonary embolism. | influenza infections have been associated with procoagulant changes. whether influenza infections lead to an increased risk of pulmonary embolism remains to be established. | 2007 | 17939867 |
| distinct rig-i and mda5 signaling by rna viruses in innate immunity. | alpha/beta interferon immune defenses are essential for resistance to viruses and can be triggered through the actions of the cytoplasmic helicases retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5). signaling by each is initiated by the recognition of viral products such as rna and occurs through downstream interaction with the ips-1 adaptor protein. we directly compared the innate immune signaling requirements of representative viruses of the flaviviri ... | 2008 | 17942531 |
| structural basis for receptor specificity of influenza b virus hemagglutinin. | receptor-binding specificity of ha, the major surface glycoprotein of influenza virus, primarily determines the host ranges that the virus can infect. influenza type b virus almost exclusively infects humans and contributes to the annual "flu" sickness. here we report the structures of influenza b virus ha in complex with human and avian receptor analogs, respectively. these structures provide a structural basis for the different receptor-binding properties of influenza a and b virus ha molecule ... | 2007 | 17942670 |
| influenza virus susceptibility and resistance to oseltamivir. | oseltamivir phosphate is a prodrug of oseltamivir carboxylate, a highly specific inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidases. given that oseltamivir carboxylate binds to highly conserved, essential amino acids in the catalytic site of the enzyme, and that the activity of neuraminidase is critical for virus release from infected cells and subsequent virus spread, the drug was expected to have a low propensity to select for viable resistant mutants. indeed, viruses with neuraminidase (and haemaggl ... | 2007 | 17944268 |
| vii international symposium on respiratory viral infections. | the vii international symposium on respiratory viral infections was a multidisciplinary forum for the presentation of recent advances in respiratory virus research with special emphasis on antiviral therapies and vaccine strategies. topics covered in invited lectures included detection of novel respiratory viral pathogens and viral evolution, characterization of the 1918 pandemic virus, human metapneumovirus infections, human respiratory epithelial cultures for studying viral pathogenesis, the r ... | 2007 | 17944274 |
| [influenza in poland in 2005]. | a total number of 773,234 cases of influenza and influenza-like illness registered in poland in 2004 (incidence 1921.4 per 100,000 population). regionally the incidence ranged from 3391.8 per 100,000 population in mazowieckie to 364.0 in swietokrzyskie. children and adolescents under 15 years of age accounted for 34.5% of all cases (age specific incidence 4045.3 per 100,000). in this age group the incidence varied regionally from 6381.1 in mazowieckie to 797.6 in swietokrzyskie. 1469 patients (0 ... | 2007 | 17956033 |
| cloning of the canine rna polymerase i promoter and establishment of reverse genetics for influenza a and b in mdck cells. | recent incidents where highly pathogenic influenza a h5n1 viruses have spread from avian species into humans have prompted the development of cell-based production of influenza vaccines as an alternative to or replacement of current egg-based production. madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells are the primary cell-substrate candidate for influenza virus production but an efficient system for the direct rescue of influenza virus from cloned influenza cdnas in mdck cells did not exist. the objectiv ... | 2007 | 17956624 |
| [the 2006/'07 influenza season in the netherlands and the vaccine composition for the 2007/'08 season]. | the influenza epidemic of 2006/'07 began late in the season, like the two previous influenza epidemics. in week 8 a peak of modest height was reached. as usual, the causal strains were mainly a/h3n2 viruses and to a lesser extent a/h1n1 and b viruses. a new a/h1n1 virus variant has emerged, an event that on average takes place only every 10 years. however, almost all a/h1n1 virus isolates belonged to the old variant and were similar to the vaccine virus. the a/h3n2 virus isolates appeared to dev ... | 2007 | 17957994 |
| humoral immune responses to influenza vaccination in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. | to compare humoral immune responses to influenza vaccination in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (osa) and in healthy volunteers (control subjects). | 2007 | 17963457 |
| the effect of anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha treatment on the antibody response to influenza vaccination. | the effect of anti-tumour necrosis factor (tnf) therapy on the antibody responses to vaccines is the subject of ongoing debate. therefore, we investigated the effect of the three currently available anti-tnf agents on influenza vaccination outcomes in a patient population with long-standing disease. | 2008 | 17965123 |
| antivirals and the control of influenza outbreaks. | during annual influenza epidemics, outbreaks of influenza in closed institutions are common. among healthy children or young adults, such outbreaks are uncommonly associated with serious morbidity or mortality; however, in hospitals and nursing homes, attack rates as high as 60% and case-fatality rates as high as 50% have been reported. annual influenza vaccination of both patients or residents and hospital and nursing home staff has had a substantial impact on mortality and has reduced the numb ... | 2007 | 17968836 |
| [an analysis on genetic characteristics of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of type b influenza viruses in guangzhou in 2006]. | to understand the genetic characteristics of hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) of type b influenza viruses in guangzhou in 2006, three virus strains from etiology surveillance and seven strains from outbreaks were investigated. genome rnas of type b influenza viruses were extracted and reverse-transcripted into cdnas using random primers. the whole-length dna of ha and na were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), cloned into t-a plasmid and sequenced, and analyzed phylogenetical ... | 2007 | 17969851 |
| vaccination against influenza in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the effect of rituximab on the humoral response. | to assess the effect of rituximab on the efficacy and safety of influenza virus vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra). | 2008 | 17981914 |
| cytoplasmic domain of influenza b virus bm2 protein plays critical roles in production of infectious virus. | influenza b virus bm2 is a type iii integral membrane protein that displays h(+) ion channel activity. analysis of bm2 knockout mutants has suggested that this protein is a necessary component for the capture of m1-viral ribonucleoprotein (vrnp) complex at the plasma membrane and for incorporation of vrnp complex into the virion during the assembly process. bm2 comprises 109 amino acid residues and possesses a longer cytoplasmic domain than the other 3 integral membrane proteins (hemagglutinin, ... | 2008 | 17989175 |
| outbreaks of influenza and influenza-like illness in schools in england and wales, 2005/06. | in england and wales, clinical reports from primary care showed that influenza activity for the season 2005/06 only rose above the base line for four weeks during february 2006. however, outbreaks of influenza-like illness and/or gastrointestinal infection in schools began to be reported to the health protection agency, centre for infections in early january 2006. to quantify the type, size and the spread of these outbreaks a reporting form was distributed to local health protection units in eng ... | 2007 | 17991395 |
| epidemiological and virological assessment of influenza activity in europe during the winter 2005-2006. | influenza activity in europe during the winter 2005-2006 started late january - early february 2006 and first occurred in the netherlands, france, greece and england. subsequently, countries were affected in a random pattern across europe and the period of influenza activity lasted till the end of april. in contrast to the winter seasons in the period 2001-2005, no west-east pattern was detected. in 12 out of 23 countries, the consultation rates for influenza-like illness or acute respiratory in ... | 2007 | 17991413 |
| genetic analysis and evaluation of the reassortment of influenza b viruses isolated in taiwan during the 2004-2005 and 2006-2007 epidemics. | influenza b viruses were predominant in taiwan during the 2004-2005 epidemic and both victoria and yamagata lineage viruses co-circulated. a reassortant influenza b virus that contained a victoria lineage hemagglutinin (ha) gene and yamagata lineage neuraminidase (na) gene appeared first in 2002 and became predominant during the 2004-2005 epidemic. during the 2006-2007 epidemic, an influenza b outbreak occurred in taiwan and only victoria lineage viruses circulated. we characterized the viruses ... | 2008 | 17996973 |
| immunity in human subjects artificially infected with influenza virus, type b. | 1944 | 18015967 | |
| reversible splenial lesion in influenza virus encephalopathy. | we describe a rare case of clinically mild, influenza-associated encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion. a 12-year-old japanese girl presented with fever and headache, followed by muscle weakness and somnolence. magnetic resonance imaging on day 4 of her illness showed a solitary lesion of the splenium of the corpus callosum that was most prominently visualized on diffusion-weighted images. the patient was diagnosed with influenza b-associated encephalopathy. her neurologic signs had c ... | 2007 | 18021926 |
| effects of several virucidal agents on inactivation of influenza, newcastle disease, and avian infectious bronchitis viruses in the allantoic fluid of chicken eggs. | general theories on the inactivation of viruses in the presence of a concentrated protein, such as the allantoic fluid of chicken eggs, are not useful. that is, although sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide are generally known as strong virucidal agents, they do not sufficiently inactivate viruses in allantoic fluid. we found that benzalkonium chloride (bc) is an effective virucidal agent against influenza, newcastle disease, and avian infectious bronchitis viruses even in the presence of a ... | 2007 | 18032831 |
| molecular epidemiology and disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus in relation to other potential pathogens in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in jordan. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children. few data about the molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in developing countries, such as jordan, are available. the frequency and severity of infections caused by hrsv were assessed in hospitalized jordanian children <5 years of age compared with other potential etiological agents. overall a potential pathogen was detected in 78% (254/326) of the children. h ... | 2008 | 18041044 |
| effectiveness of influenza vaccination in prevention of influenza-like illness among inhabitants of old folk homes. | the aims of the study were to determine the attack rate of influenza-like illness among inhabitants of five old folk homes nationwide using influenza vaccine as a probe and the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in prevention of influenza-like illness. we conducted a nonrandomized, single-blind placebo control study from june 2003 to february 2004. vaxigrip(r) 2003 southern hemisphere formulation was used. among 527 subjects, the attack rates of influenza-like illness in the influenza vaccin ... | 2007 | 18041300 |
| occasional review: influenza in copd: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. | influenza viruses cause respiratory tract infections that in patients with underlying lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) are associated with exacerbations and excess morbidity and mortality. typically, influenza b is associated with relatively mild, local outbreaks, whereas influenza a is the cause of world-wide pandemics. upon infection, two antigens present on the viral surface, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase result in human immunity, but since many subtypes of ... | 2007 | 18044060 |
| prevention and control of influenza in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | despite recommendations for annual vaccination against influenza, more than half of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) in developed countries do not receive this vaccine. influenza is characterized by its potentially of causing epidemics and by excess morbidity and mortality in patients with copd and other chronic medical conditions. good evidence of the efficacy, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccination underlines the recommendation of use in patien ... | 2007 | 18044065 |
| detection of human influenza a (h1n1) and b strains with reduced sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors. | neuraminidase inhibitors (nais) have been used since 2005 in france. | 2008 | 18055253 |
| evaluation of the one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcription-pcr proflu-1 assay for detection of influenza a and influenza b viruses and respiratory syncytial viruses in children. | we evaluated the one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcription-pcr proflu-1 assay for the detection of influenza a and influenza b viruses and respiratory syncytial viruses from 353 pediatric nasopharyngeal aspirates. as assessed by comparison with the results of immunofluorescence testing and cell culture, the specificity and the sensitivity of the proflu-1 assay ranged from 97% to 100%. in addition, the proflu-1 assay amplified 9% of samples not detected by conventional methods. | 2008 | 18057126 |
| performance of binax now flu a and b and direct fluorescent assay in comparison with a composite of viral culture or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for detection of influenza infection during the 2006 to 2007 season. | the binax now flu a and flu b (binax now), direct fluorescent assay (dfa), and viral culture were evaluated and compared with a composite of viral culture or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). participants with medically attended acute respiratory illness were identified through active surveillance during the 2006 to 2007 season, and consenting individuals (n=932) were tested for influenza by culture and rt-pcr. physicians ordered a rapid antigen test (binax now [n=73] or ... | 2008 | 18060723 |
| dual infections by influenza a/h3n2 and b viruses and by influenza a/h3n2 and a/h1n1 viruses during winter 2007, corsica island, france. | the investigation of dual influenza infection human cases is of major interest specifically for the control of new emerging influenza strains. | 2008 | 18069055 |
| [surveillance on human metapneumovirus in infants and children with acute respiratory infections in beijing, from 2004 to 2006]. | to understand the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in infants and young children in beijing, china. | 2007 | 18069558 |
| the oligomeric state of the active bm2 ion channel protein of influenza b virus. | influenza a virus and influenza b virus particles both contain small integral membrane proteins (a/m2 and bm2, respectively) that function as a ph-sensitive proton channel and are essential for virus replication. the mechanism of action of the m2 channels is a subject of scientific interest particularly as a/m2 channel was shown to be a target for the action of the antiviral drug amantadine. unfortunately, an inhibitor of the bm2 channel activity is not known. thus, knowledge of the structural a ... | 2008 | 18073201 |