Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| a genetic system that reports transient activation of genes in bacillus. | site-specific recombination is a powerful tool for precise excision of dna fragments. we used this characteristic to construct a genetic system to report the transient activation of a promoter by promoting the stable acquisition of an antibiotic resistance marker by the bacterium. the system is composed of two compatible plasmid derivatives from gram-positive bacteria. one of the plasmids allows the insertion of promoters upstream from tnpi, which encodes the site-specific recombinase of tn4430. ... | 1997 | 9427554 |
| bacillus cereus necrotizing cellulitis mimicking clostridial myonecrosis: case report and review of the literature. | we describe a case of rapidly progressive necrotizing cellulitis in an immunocompromised farmer caused by bacillus cereus, and review 15 additional cases of serious soft tissue infection due to this organism reported in the english language literature. these cases illustrate the potential for b. cereus to cause fulminant soft tissue disease indistinguishable from that caused by clostridia. | 1997 | 9435050 |
| bacillus cereus and its food poisoning toxins. | bacillus cereus is becoming one of the more important causes of food poisoning in the industrialised world. it produces one emetic toxin and three different enterotoxins. the emetic toxin is a ring-shaped structure of three repeats of four amino and/or oxy acids: [d-o-leu-d-ala-l-o-val-l-val]3. this ring structure has a molecular mass of 1.2 kda, and is chemically closely related to the potassium ionophore valinomycin. two of the three enterotoxins have been shown to be involved in food poisonin ... | 1997 | 9435100 |
| are integrins involved in the aggregatory and phagocytic behaviour of fish haemostatic cells? | the involvement of a putative integrin-like fibrinogen receptor in the aggregatory and phagocytic behaviour of thrombocytes (platelet equivalents of fish) from the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss was studied. aggregation of trout thrombocytes was induced by the thromboxane mimetic u-46619 in the presence of trout fibrinogen. thrombocyte aggregation was inhibited by the tetrapeptide rgds, but not by rges or fibrinogen binding inhibitor peptide (hhlggakqagdv). a range of monoclonal antibodies ag ... | 1998 | 9438834 |
| [sanitary conditions of community dining halls in greater buenos aires, argentina]. | because of the importance of food safety for public health, a study was done to determine the microbiologic quality of foods provided to patrons of community dining halls in greater buenos aires, argentina. the study was descriptive and was conducted in three municipalities with intermediate or high poverty indices; a sample of 52 dining halls was selected randomly from those municipalities. information was collected from april 1994 through april 1995 by means of surveys, direct observations, an ... | 1997 | 9445768 |
| the arthromitus stage of bacillus cereus: intestinal symbionts of animals. | in the guts of more than 25 species of arthropods we observed filaments containing refractile inclusions previously discovered and named "arthromitus" in 1849 by joseph leidy [leidy, j. (1849) proc. acad. nat. sci. philadelphia 4, 225-233]. we cultivated these microbes from boiled intestines of 10 different species of surface-cleaned soil insects and isopod crustaceans. literature review and these observations lead us to conclude that arthromitus are spore-forming, variably motile, cultivable ba ... | 1998 | 9448315 |
| a universal protocol for pcr detection of 13 species of foodborne pathogens in foods. | a universal protocol for pcr detection of 13 species of foodborne pathogens in foods was developed. the protocol used a universal culture medium and the same pcr conditions with 13 sets of specific primers. the 13 species of foodborne pathogens examined were escherichia coli, e. coli-etec, e. coli-o157:h7, shigella spp., salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis, vibrio cholerae, v. parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus ... | 1997 | 9449811 |
| ventricular shunt infection and meningitis due to bacillus cereus. | non-anthrax bacillus species are usually considered to be contaminants if found in clinical specimens. only a few patients with systemic infections due to bacillus cereus are reported. we present the case of a 18-month old boy with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pnet) in the brainstem and obstructive hydrocephalus that required an outlying and subsequently a ventriculoperitoneal drain. following contamination at the site of entry of the external drain, shunt infection and meningitis with bac ... | 1997 | 9453032 |
| [transmembrane potential and atp-ase activity of the plasma membrane of bacteria exposed to heavy metals]. | effect of heavy metals (gold, zinc and cadmium) on the atpase activity and transmembrane potential (delta psi) as integral index of bacterial cells membrane processes intensity has been studied. it was shown that studied membrane systems of bacteria are very sensitive to the action of heavy metals and they can serve as indicators of resistance of bacterial cultures. | 1997 | 9454379 |
| bacillus cereus and orthopaedic surgical wound infection associated with incontinence pads manufactured from virgin wood pulp. | 1997 | 9457613 | |
| structural and mechanistic comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic phosphoinositide-specific phospholipases c. | phosphoinositide-specific phospholipases c (pi-plcs) are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides to inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol (dag). whereas the eukaryotic pi-plcs play a central role in most signal transduction cascades by producing two second messengers, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and dag, prokaryotic pi-plcs are of interest because they act as virulence factors in some pathogenic bacteria. bacterial pi-plcs consist of a single domain of 30 to 35 kda ... | 1998 | 9466937 |
| mutagenesis study of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase c of trypanosoma brucei. | the glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase c (gpi-plc) from trypanosoma brucei is particularly effective in hydrolysing the gpi-anchors of some proteins. the enzyme is inhibited by zn2+ and p-chloromercurylphenylsulphonic acid, both of which can act as sulphydryl reagents, suggesting that a cysteine residue may be important in catalysis. single cysteine to serine mutants have been produced for all eight cysteines in gpi-plc; all the mutants were fully active in vitro and were still susceptib ... | 1997 | 9476790 |
| fatal meningoencephalitis due to bacillus anthracis. | we report the first case of fatal anthrax meningoencephalitis in hong kong over the past 60 years. a 13 year-old boy presented with right lower quadrant pain, diarrhoea and progressive headache. lumbar puncture yielded gram positive bacilli initially thought to be bacillus cereus, a contaminant. he was treated with ampicillin and cefotaxime, but died 3 days after hospitalization. the organism isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid was later identified as bacillus anthracis. | 1997 | 9484689 |
| [severe systemic infections with bacillus cereus: current aspects of the pathogenicity of the genus bacillus]. | 1997 | 9488753 | |
| asking for the indicator function of bioassays evaluating soil contamination: are bioassay results reasonable surrogates of effects on soil microflora? | in evaluating the biological effect of solid materials like soil a bacterial contact assay often shows higher sensitivity than elutriate testing. results of the bacillus cereus contact assay for some environmental important toxicants are presented in this article. a comparison with another heterotrophic soil bacterium, arthrobacter globiformis, shows comparable sensitivity. in a bioassay approach organisms at the level of individuals or populations are exposed to soil material to determine the s ... | 1998 | 9493327 |
| prevalence of beta-exotoxin, diarrhoeal toxin and specific delta-endotoxin in natural isolates of bacillus thuringiensis. | of newly isolated colonies with the appearance of bacillus thuringiensis, 47.5% were found to produce the parasporal crystals characteristic of this species. these positive isolates were screened using the polymerase chain reaction for their possession of a gene encoding a specific protoxin type, cryib. strains with and without this gene were screened for their ability to produce beta-exotoxin and bacillus cereus-type enterotoxin. it was found that 35% of the isolates possessed the cryib gene; o ... | 1998 | 9495012 |
| [combined effect of temperature a(w) and ph on proteases from pseudomonas and bacillus spp]. | the factors affecting protease activity were investigated on certain media. five strains of bacillus (b.) cereus, four strains of b. subtilis, five strains of pseudomonas (ps.) aeruginosa and two strains of ps. fluorescens produced the proteases that were tested. the enzyme activity was evaluated under 32 different combinations of temperature (2 and 7 degrees c), water activity (aw) (0.80-0.98) and ph (4.0-7.3). a decrease in water activity and ph and/or temperature caused a decrease in protease ... | 1998 | 9499620 |
| meat from dairy cows: possible microbiological hazards and risks. | the authors provide an overview of the circumstances associated with culling of dairy cattle in the united states of america (usa) and focus on the possible significant microbiological hazards associated with meat from cull dairy cows. cull dairy cows are an important source of food in the usa, accounting for at least approximately 17% of ground beef. the potential microbiological hazards for foodborne illness from cull dairy cows discussed here include salmonella (with special attention to s. t ... | 1997 | 9501354 |
| milk pasteurisation and safety: a brief history and update. | a brief history of the development of milk pasteurisation is presented and updated. concerns about the margin of safety provided by current pasteurisation standards in terms of milk-borne pathogens such as mycobacteria (in particular mycobacterium paratuberculosis) and other emerging pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 are discussed. with the exception of the endospores of bacillus cereus, current standards appear to be adequate for public health assurance of mi ... | 1997 | 9501358 |
| utilization of oligopeptides by listeria monocytogenes scott a. | for effective utilization of peptides, listeria monocytogenes possesses two different peptide transport systems. the first one is the previously described proton motive force (pmf)-driven di- and tripeptide transport system (a. verheul, a. hagting, m.-r. amezaga, i. r. booth, f. m. rombouts, and t. abee, appl. environ. microbiol, 61:226-233, 1995). the present results reveal that l. monocytogenes possesses an oligopeptide transport system, presumably requiring atp rather than the pmf as the driv ... | 1998 | 9501445 |
| influence of structural properties and kinetic constraints on bacillus cereus growth. | the influence of structural properties and kinetic constraints on the behavior of bacillus cereus was investigated on agar media. dimensional criteria were used to study the growth in bacterial colonies. the architecture of the agar gel as modified by the agar content was found to influence the colony size, and smaller colonies were observed on media containing 50 to 70 g of agar liter-1. except at low nutrient levels, colonies responded to nutrient gradients by decreasing in size the farther aw ... | 1998 | 9501447 |
| modelling bacillus cereus growth. | the aim of this study was to model the growth, in a model system, of toxigenic strains of bacillus cereus as a function of temperature, ph and water activity. optical density (od) values were transformed into numbers of colony-forming units (cfu) by the use of a 'calibrating' relation. the growth curves were then fitted to the gompertz function which allowed the estimation of the lag-time (lambda) and the growth rate (mu). these two parameters were then modelled according to the controlling fact ... | 1997 | 9506288 |
| antibacterial and chemical evaluation of chromolaena moritziana. | chromolaena moritziana (sch. bip. ex hieron.) king & robin. (asteraceae) is used in local ethnomedicine as an anticatarrhal, a depurative and in the treatment of skin diseases. this ethnopharmacological information has a direct correlation with that reported for other chromolaena species. dichloromethane and aqueous extracts from the leaves as well as ethyl acetate extracts from the flowers have shown antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus and a uv-v light effect was not observed a ... | 1998 | 9507905 |
| [a comparative study of the biological properties of biosporin and other commercial bacillus-based preparations]. | a new probiotic biosporin and other commercial biopreparations based on aerobic sporulating bacteria of the bacillus genus have been comparatively studied for their specific activity and safety. it has been established that only biosporin is characterized by expressed antagonistic activity in respect to a wide range of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms including those with multiple resistance to antibiotics. biosporin is also characterized by the absence of any negative acti ... | 1997 | 9511375 |
| identification of neutral and acidic sphingomyelinases in helicobacter pylori. | we demonstrated for the first time the presence of sphingomyelinase (smase) in helicobacter pylori. activation of smase has been implicated as the cause of elevation of cellular ceramide levels and consequently of apoptosis. the data indicate that there are two classes of smase, defined by their optimal phs and cellular locations, existing in h. pylori. one is an mg(2+)-dependent membrane-bound enzyme with an optimal activity at ph 7, and the other is an mg(2+)-independent cytosolic enzyme with ... | 1998 | 9512367 |
| utilization of phosphatidylcholine and production of diradylglycerol as a consequence of sphingomyelin synthesis. | 1. after the degradation of cell-surface sphingomyelin (sm) by exogenous sphingomyelinase (smase), the resynthesis of sm by baby-hamster kidney (bhk) and human leukaemia-60 (hl-60) cells was examined in relation to utilization of substrate phosphatidylcholine (ptdcho) and generation of the expected product, diradylglycerol (drg). using [3h]choline-labelled bhk cells incubated in non-radioactive medium, smase caused a release of phosphocholine, which was derived approximately equally from sm and ... | 1998 | 9512487 |
| regulation and characterization of a newly deduced cell wall hydrolase gene (cwlj) which affects germination of bacillus subtilis spores. | the predicted amino acid sequence of bacillus subtilis ycbq (renamed cwlj) exhibits high similarity to those of the deduced c-terminal catalytic domain of slebs, the specific cortex-hydrolyzing enzyme of b. cereus and the deduced one of b. subtilis. we constructed a cwlj::lacz fusion in the b. subtilis chromosome. the beta-galactosidase activity and results of northern hybridization and primer extension analyses of the cwlj gene indicated that it is transcribed by esigmae rna polymerase. cwlj-de ... | 1998 | 9515903 |
| beta-amylase production by some bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus polymyxa [correction of polymaxa] strains. | the production of extracellular beta-amylase by some bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus polymyxa [corrected] strains was investigated, and the maximal yields of the enzyme were 3.6; 9.3 and 20.4 u/ml of the culture fluid, respectively (u, 1 mumol of maltose equivalent per min at 30 degrees c). several cultivation media were used for beta-amylase production. bacillus cereus and some strains of bacillus megaterium gave good yields of beta-amylase only in medium with the addition of ... | 1997 | 9516983 |
| effect of single chain lipids on phospholipase c-promoted vesicle fusion. a test for the stalk hypothesis of membrane fusion. | the effect of low proportions (up to 5 mol %) of single-chain lipids on phospholipase c-promoted fusion of large unilamellar vesicles has been investigated with the aim of testing the so-called stalk model of membrane fusion. this model is known in two main versions, the one originally published by kozlov and markin [kozlov, m. m. and markin, v. s. (1983) biofizika 28, 255-261] and what is known as the "modified stalk model" [siegel, d. p. (1993) biophys. j. 65, 2124-2140], that differ in a numb ... | 1998 | 9521711 |
| engineering of the nonspecific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus: replacement of glutamic acid-4 by alanine results in loss of interfacial catalysis and enhanced phosphomonoesterase activity. | the nonspecific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids to yield diacylglycerol and a phosphate monoester. glu-4 has been proposed as a potential candidate for the general base in the hydrolysis reaction and was shown to interact with the substrate headgroup. site-specific mutagenesis studies suggest that glu-4 is important for substrate binding but not for catalysis. this residue is also critical for the enzyme's preference for ... | 1998 | 9521750 |
| growth and enterotoxin production by diarrhoeagenic bacillus cereus in dietary supplements prepared for hospitalized hiv patients. | this study was initiated because of an increase in diarrhoeal episodes in a ward caring for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). an examination of hospital-prepared dietary supplements (build-up food) found bacillus cereus to be a potential problem. due in part to inadequate refrigeration conditions (13 +/- 4 degrees c), the microbial flora in commercially pasteurized semi-skimmed milk (pssm) reached potentially hazardous levels (> 10(6) cfu/ml). while refrigerated pssm ... | 1998 | 9522292 |
| heterogeneity in bacillus cereus pcr products detected by esi-fticr mass spectrometry. | pcr amplification of a segment of the 16/23s rdna interspace region (isr) from bacillus cereus 6464 produced a mixture of products. an 89-bp product was predicted on the basis of the reported sequence. the esi-fticr analysis revealed three double-stranded products, differing in size by a single nucleotide corresponding to two homoduplexes of 89 and 88 base pairs and a heteroduplex of 89 and 88 nucleotide strands. these were produced from a single preparation of genomic dna and a single primer pa ... | 1998 | 9530010 |
| a cysteine-dependent serine protease associated with the dormant spores of bacillus cereus: purification of the protein and cloning of the corresponding gene. | subtilisin-like serine protease, which is associated with the dormant spores of bacillus cereus, was solubilized by washing the spores with 2 m kcl and purified to homogeneity by carbobenzoxy-d-phenylalanine-liganded affinity column chromatography and hydrophobic interaction column chromatography. enzyme activity was completely inhibited by reagents for sulfhydryl groups such as hgcl2 as well as by conventional subtilisin inhibitors, suggesting the enzyme to be cysteine-dependent. the enzyme ret ... | 1998 | 9532782 |
| pcr fingerprinting of whole genomes: the spacers between the 16s and 23s rrna genes and of intergenic trna gene regions reveal a different intraspecific genomic variability of bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis [corrected]. | genomic diversity in 21 strains of bacillus cereus and 10 strains of bacillus licheniformis was investigated by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis, which samples the whole genome, and by two pcr fingerprinting techniques sampling the hypervariable spacers between the conserved 16s and 23s rrna genes of the rrna gene operon (its-pcr) and regions between trna genes (tdna-pcr). rapd analysis showed a remarkable diversity among strains of b. cereus that was not observed with the rrna a ... | 1998 | 9542081 |
| unique appendages associated with spores of bacillus cereus isolates. | electron microscopic observations revealed the presence of a new type of large appendage on the spores of two bacillus cereus strains isolated from phylloplanes. the appendages were thin and sword-like in shape, having the sizes of 1.5 to 2.8 microns in length and 0.03 to 0.6 micron in width. there were no core or sheath structures in these appendages. the number of appendages on a spore ranged from three to more than twenty, radiating from the swelling on one end of the exosporium. these append ... | 1998 | 9542106 |
| a novel sensitive bioassay for detection of bacillus cereus emetic toxin and related depsipeptide ionophores. | of the toxins produced by bacillus cereus, the emetic toxin is likely the most dangerous but, due to the lack of a suitable assay, the least well known. in this paper, a new, sensitive, inexpensive, and rapid bioassay for detection of the emetic toxin of b. cereus is described. the assay is based on the loss of motility of boar spermatozoa upon 24 h of exposure to extracts of emetic b. cereus strains or contaminated food. the paralyzed spermatozoa exhibited swollen mitochondria, but no depletion ... | 1998 | 9546170 |
| a single calcium binding site is crucial for the calcium-dependent thermal stability of thermolysin-like proteases. | thermostable thermolysin-like proteases (tlps), such as the tlp of bacillus stearothermophilus cu-21 (tlp-ste), bind calcium in one double (ca1,2) and two single (ca3, ca4) calcium binding sites. the single sites are absent in thermolabile tlps, suggesting that they are determinants of (variation in) tlp stability. mutations in the ca3 and ca4 sites of tlp-ste indeed reduced thermal stability, but only mutations in the ca3 site affected the calcium-dependence of stability. the predominant effect ... | 1998 | 9548763 |
| general base catalysis by the phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase c from bacillus cereus: the role of glu4 and asp55. | to assess what roles the active site residues glu4 and asp55 of the phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase c of bacillus cereus (plcbc) might play in binding and catalysis, selected mutants were prepared through site-directed mutagenesis of the plc gene. the mutants were then expressed in escherichia coli and purified as fusion proteins with the maltose binding protein (mbp). kinetic analysis showed that mutations at glu4 had only modest effects on the catalytic activity, whereas those at ... | 1998 | 9548962 |
| the mechanism of catalysis and the inhibition of the bacillus cereus zinc-dependent beta-lactamase. | the plot of kcat/km against ph for the bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase class b catalysed hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin and cephalosporin indicates that there are three catalytically important groups, two of pka 5.6+/-0.2 and one of pka 9.5+/-0.2. below ph 5 there is an inverse second-order dependence of reactivity upon hydrogen ion concentration, indicative of the requirement of two basic residues for catalysis. these are assigned to zinc(ii)-bound water and asp-90, both with a pka of 5.6+ ... | 1998 | 9560295 |
| the adhesion of bacillus cereus spores to epithelial cells might be an additional virulence mechanism. | four out of ten bacillus cereus strains produced spores able to adhere to monolayers of caco-2 cells (human epithelial cells). one of these strains has been involved in an outbreak of food poisoning where the symptoms were more severe and persisted for longer than a normal b. cereus food poisoning. the hydrophobicity of the spores is a contributing factor for the adhesion to occur. the spores are able to germinate in an environment similar to that of the small intestine and then the vegetative c ... | 1998 | 9562881 |
| degradation of geosmin-like compounds by selected species of gram-positive bacteria. | biodegradation of geosmin produced by streptomyces halstedii (a-1 strain) was investigated using seven gram-positive bacteria. bacterial action on the a-1 extract was followed at 15, 45 and 120 min. bacillus cereus ssp. thuringiensis hd-1, b. cereus 3711 and b. cereus ssp. mycoides 4379 showed no effect. however, arthrobacter atrocyaneus, arth. globiformis, chlorophenolicus n-1053 and rhodococcus maris caused a colour change from blue to yellow (positive reaction). these data suggest that geosmi ... | 1998 | 9569688 |
| diarrhoeal enterotoxin production by psychrotrophic baccillus cereus present in reconstituted milk-based infant formulae (mif). | one hundred reconstituted milk-based infant formulae (mif) representative of 10 leading brands available in many european economic community countries were examined for psychrotrophic bacillus cereus and for the presence of diarrhoeal enterotoxin. of the 38 b. cereus isolates recovered from mif, one, four and 16 strains grew at 4, 6 and 8 degrees c after 15 d. one (2.6%), two (5.3%) and six (15.8%) of the isolates were identified as potential psychrotrophic food poisoning strains as they were bo ... | 1998 | 9569702 |
| a case of urinary tract infection caused by bacillus cereus. | 1998 | 9570673 | |
| syntheses and biological evaluation of indolocarbazoles, analogues of rebeccamycin, modified at the imide heterocycle. | a series of 10 indolocarbazole derivatives, analogues to the antitumor antibiotic rebeccamycin, bearing modifications at the imide heterocycle were synthesized. they bear an n-methyl imide, n-methyl amide, or anhydride function instead of the original imide. their inhibitory potencies toward topoisomerase i were examined using a dna relaxation assay and by analyzing the drug-induced cleavage of 32p-labeled dna. protein kinase c (pkc) inhibition and interaction with dna were also studied together ... | 1998 | 9572888 |
| a rapid pcr-based dna test for enterotoxic bacillus cereus. | the occurrence of dna sequences encoding the hemolysin hbla complex and bacillus cereus enterotoxin bcet, which have recently been confirmed as enterotoxins, was studied in bacillus spp. to amplify these dna sequences, pcr primer systems for the b component of hbla and for bcet dna sequences were developed. the results from the amplification of hbla sequences correlated well with results obtained with the b. cereus enterotoxin (diarrheal type) test kit (rpla kit), but not with the results of the ... | 1998 | 9572928 |
| integrated physical and genetic mapping of bacillus cereus and other gram-positive bacteria based on is231a transposition vectors. | the genome structure of bacillus cereus is relatively complex, its dna being modulated between a size-varying chromosome and large plasmids. to study the genetic organization of the b. cereus type strain atcc 14579, thermosensitive transposition vectors were designed on the basis of is231a-derived cassettes containing uncommon restriction sites. a highly preferred insertion site for is231a was detected in the chromosome by southern blotting and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analyses of ... | 1998 | 9573103 |
| characterization and sequence of the chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum carbapenemase: a new molecular class b beta-lactamase showing a broad substrate profile. | the metallo-beta-lactamase produced by chryseobacterium (formerly flavobacterium) meningosepticum, which is the flavobacterial species of greatest clinical relevance, was purified and characterized. the enzyme, named blab, contains a polypeptide with an apparent mr of 26000, and has a pi of 8.5. it hydrolyses penicillins, cephalosporins (including cefoxitin), carbapenems and 6-beta-iodopenicillanate, a mechanism-based inactivator of active-site serine beta-lactamases. the enzyme was inhibited by ... | 1998 | 9576862 |
| new positive/negative selectable markers for mammalian cells on the basis of blasticidin deaminase-thymidine kinase fusions. | two positive and negative selectable markers were created for use in mammalian cells. they are based on two genes for the resistance to blasticidin s (blas) and on the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv). the markers can be selected positively by their ability to induce blas resistance and negatively on the induced sensitivity towards gancyclovir (ganc). both constructs are also expressed in escherichia coli and transfer blas resistance to this organism as well, making these ... | 1998 | 9580709 |
| [endocarditis by bacillus cereus 1 in prosthetic mitral valve]. | 1998 | 9586376 | |
| use of hemoglobin as an iron source by bacillus cereus. | the hemoglobin binding activity of bacillus cereus cells was measured with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated hemoglobin using flow cytometry. growth of b. cereus was markedly inhibited by the addition of apo-transferrin. b. cereus could not use transferrin-bound iron as an iron source in serum. the growth inhibition was reversed by the addition of a fecl3 solution, erythrocytes or hemoglobin. b. cereus released hemolysin; these findings suggested that the hemoglobin released from eryth ... | 1998 | 9586563 |
| [a comparative study of ethylene oxide and ionizing radiation for sterilizing bone grafts]. | to find a good way for sterilization and disinfection of bone grafts, we compared the sterilization capacity of gaseous ethylene oxide (eo) and cobalt-60 gamma radiation. the bone chips were contaminated with 10(7) bacteria per milliliter of staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, bacillus subtilis globigii 8017 and bacillus cereus 4001, then sterilized with various doses of gaseous eo or cobalt- 60 gamma radiation. the sterilization effect of eo was more stronger and faster than that of 60co gamma ra ... | 1996 | 9594188 |
| plantaricin lp84, a broad spectrum heat-stable bacteriocin of lactobacillus plantarum ncim 2084 produced in a simple glucose broth medium. | lactobacillus plantarum ncim 2084 produced an antibacterial substance when grown at 40 degrees c for 36 h in a laboratory medium. the antibacterial substance was active against a wide range of bacteria comprising gram positive and negative foodborne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. however, related mesophilic lactobacilli were not inhibited, except for l. amylovorus dsm 20531. the antimicrobial activity was observed between late log and stationary growth phases. the antibacterial substance was ... | 1998 | 9600606 |
| factors affecting the resting ph of in vitro human microcosm dental plaque and streptococcus mutans biofilms. | the aim was to examine factors that potentially control the resting ph, defined as the ph unaffected by meals, of microcosm dental plaques and streptococcus mutans biofilms under standard conditions, and to examine the effect of supplying urea at concentrations found intraorally. microcosm plaques were cultured from plaque bacteria-enriched saliva in an 'artificial mouth' with a continuous supply of a medium including 0.25% mucin [basal medium mucin, (bmm), 3.6 ml/hr per plaque] and a periodic s ... | 1998 | 9602287 |
| purification and some properties of imp dehydrogenase of bacillus cereus. | imp dehydrogenase was purified from a crude extract of b, cereus cells. the molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 56 kda by sds-page and 225 kda by gel filtration. the optimum ph of the enzyme was about 9.5. the first seven residues at n-terminus of the enzyme was determined to be met-trp-glu-ser-lys-phe-val. the enzyme showed a significant specificity for inosine nucleotides among 15 purines and pyrimidines tested, but not acted on other purines and pyrimidines including ino ... | 1998 | 9602532 |
| characterization of plasmid paw63, a second self-transmissible plasmid in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd73. | bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki hd73, toxic for lepidopteran larvae, contains two large self-transmissible plasmids of approximately 75 kb, pht73 and paw63. the conjugative plasmid pht73 has been studied extensively and has been shown to harbour the toxin gene cry1ac, the transposon tn4430 and several insertion sequences. in this study it was demonstrated that the minor plasmid paw63 is also self-transmissible and about 10-30 times more efficient in mobilizing plasmid pbc16. to facili ... | 1998 | 9611801 |
| studying the effect of temperature on microbial growth using multiplicative model. | the specific growth rates of brochothrix thermosphacta, listeria monocytogenes, yersinia enterocolitica, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella spp., staphylococcus aureus and clostridium perfringens at various temperatures were taken from the food micromodel database, and the data sets of specific growth rate versus temperature were fitted using the multiplicative model (r = a td, r = specific growth rate; t = temperature; a, d = regression parameters). the exponential d-value de ... | 1998 | 9615472 |
| construction of phylogenetic tree based on g + c contents in dna and 16s rrna sequences: example for group 1 of genus bacillus. | the applicability of the g + c content in dna in the construction of phylogenetic tree was studied. the group 1 of the genus bacillus was selected as an object for study. statistically reliable correlation between evolutionary distances of 16s rrna sequences (ei) and parameter pi named as "gc evolutionary distance" was shown. the value of pi is the difference between the g + c content in dna of two species branching from one phylogenetic line. the coefficient of correlation between ei and pi equ ... | 1998 | 9621692 |
| target range of zwittermicin a, an aminopolyol antibiotic from bacillus cereus. | zwittermicin a is a novel antibiotic produced by bacillus cereus uw85, which suppresses certain plant diseases in the laboratory and in the field. we developed a rapid method for large-scale purification of zwittermicin a and then studied the in vitro activity of zwittermicin a against bacteria, fungi, and protists. zwittermicin a was highly active against the oomycetes and their relatives, the algal protists, and had moderate activity against diverse gram-negative bacteria and certain gram-posi ... | 1998 | 9625782 |
| radiation inactivation of some food-borne pathogens in fish as influenced by fat levels. | the influence of low (0.39-1.1%), medium (4.25%) and high (7.1-32.5%) fat levels in fish on radiation inactivation of four food-borne pathogens was investigated. cells of listeria monocytogenes 036, yersinia enterocolitica f5692, bacillus cereus and salmonella typhimurium at logarithmic phase were inoculated in 10% fish homogenates and subjected to gamma irradiation at ice temperature (0-1 degree c) with doses ranging from 0.05 to 0.8 kgy. the radiation survival curves of l. monocytogenes and b. ... | 1998 | 9633646 |
| construction and expression of a bifunctional single-chain antibody against bacillus cereus p6ores. | the variable-region genes of monoclonal antibody against bacillus cereus spores were cloned from mouse hybridoma cells by reverse transcription-pcr. the heavy- and light-chain variable-region genes were connected by a 45-base linker dna to allow folding of the fusion protein into a functional tertiary structure. for detection of protein expression, a 10-amino-acid strep tag (biotin-like peptide) was attached to the c terminus of recombinant antibody as the reporter peptide. the single-chain anti ... | 1998 | 9647820 |
| development of a streptavidin-conjugated single-chain antibody that binds bacillus cereus spores. | control of microorganisms such as bacillus cereus spores is critical to ensure the safety and a long shelf life of foods. a bifunctional single chain antibody has been developed for detection and binding of b. cereus t spores. the genes that encode b. cereus t spore single-chain antibody and streptavidin were connected for use in immunoassays and immobilization of the recombinant antibodies. a truncated streptavidin, which is smaller than but has biotin binding ability similar to that of strepta ... | 1998 | 9647821 |
| insights into the mechanism of catalysis by the p-c bond-cleaving enzyme phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase derived from gene sequence analysis and mutagenesis. | phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (phosphonatase) catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphonoacetaldehyde to acetaldehyde and inorganic phosphate. in this study, the genes encoding phosphonatase in bacillus cereus and in salmonella typhimurium were cloned for high-level expression in escherichia coli. the kinetic properties of the purified, recombinant phosphonatases were determined. the schiff base mechanism known to operate in the b. cereus enzyme was verified for the s. typhimurium enzyme by phosphon ... | 1998 | 9649311 |
| isolation and characterization of two bacteriocins of lactobacillus acidophilus lf221. | lactobacillus acidophilus lf221 produced bacteriocin-like activity against different bacteria including some pathogenic and food-spoilage species. besides some lactic acid bacteria, the following species were inhibited: bacillus cereus, clostridium sp., listeria innocua, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus d. l. acidophilus lf221 produced at least two bacteriocins, acidocin lf221 a and acidocin lf221 b, which were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, hydroph ... | 1998 | 9650259 |
| identification of protein-protein contacts between alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins of bacillus species bound to dna. | small, acid-soluble spore proteins (sasp) of the alpha/beta-type from several bacillus species were cross-linked into homodimers, heterodimers and homooligomers with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (edc) in the presence of linear plasmid dna. significant protein cross-linking was not detected in the absence of dna. in all four alpha/beta-type sasp examined, the amino donor in the edc induced amide cross-links was the alpha-amino group of the protein. however, the carboxylate contai ... | 1998 | 9651315 |
| genetic diversity of bacillus cereus/b. thuringiensis isolates from natural sources. | the genetic diversity and relationships among 154 bacillus cereus/b. thuringiensis isolates recovered from soil samples from five geographic areas in norway were investigated with multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee). cluster analysis revealed two major groups (designated cluster i and cluster ii) separated at genetic distance greater than 0.55. cluster i included 62 electrophoretic types (ets) originating from all five locations, whereas, in cluster ii, all but one isolate were from the same ... | 1998 | 9662607 |
| [ecological consequences of radioactive pollution for soil bacteria within the 10-km region around the chernobyl atomic energy station]. | the diversity of aerobic chemoorganotrophic (capable of growing on nutrient agar) bacteria in radioactive soil (0.3-17.0 microci/kg soil) sampled in the 10-km zone around the chernobyl nuclear power plant (cnpp) was found to be lower than that observed in control, uncontaminated soil with a radioactivity of 0.002-0.006 microci/kg soil. all the radioactive soil samples contained the bacteria bacillus cereus and methylobacterium extorquens or m. mesophillicum, which exhibited a high tolerance to 0 ... | 1998 | 9662700 |
| spectroscopic characterization of a binuclear metal site in bacillus cereus beta-lactamase ii. | the zinc metalloenzyme beta-lactamase ii (betalii) from bacillus cereus has been overexpressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione-s-transferase, and the metal binding properties of recombinant betalii toward zn(ii) and co(ii) have been studied by fluorescence and activity measurements. the apoenzyme is able to bind two metal ion equivalents, which confer on betalii its maximum enzymatic efficiency. the enzyme is partially active with one metal ion equivalent. the dico(ii) a ... | 1998 | 9665723 |
| comparative antibacterial and antifungal effects of some phenolic compounds. | the antimicrobial potential of eight phenolic compounds isolated from olive cake was tested against the growth of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus cereus, aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus. the phenolic compounds included p-hydroxy benzoic, vanillic, caffeic, protocatechuic, syringic, and p-coumaric acids, oleuropein and quercetin. caffeic and protocatechuic acids (0.3 mg/ml) inhibited the growth of e. coli and k. pneumoniae. the same compounds apart from syringic a ... | 1998 | 9670554 |
| involvement of a rhamnolipid-producing strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa in the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a bacterial community. | a rhamnolipid-producing strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa gl1 was isolated from a bacterial community growing on a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) as sole carbon source. strain gl1 did not grow on pah but grew on known degradation metabolites of phenanthrene (o-phthalic acid) and of naphthalene (salicylic acid). in co-culture with a phenanthrene-degrading strain, ps. aeruginosa gl1 accelerated the degradation of phenanthrene. strain gl1 was resistant to toxic amphiphilic compoun ... | 1998 | 9674130 |
| discrimination among bacillus cereus, b. mycoides and b. thuringiensis and some other species of the genus bacillus by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. | fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) in conjunction with canonical variate analysis was found to be effective in discriminating among spectra of 9 representative strains of bacillus spp., including b. cereus, b. mycoides and b. thuringiensis. the method was also able to discriminate according to species among spectra of 14 other non-type strains of b. cereus, 12 of b. mycoides and 12 of b. thuringiensis with a success rate of > 95%, even without using a prior classification of the grou ... | 1998 | 9675865 |
| evaluation of product analogues for purification of penicillinase by affinity chromatography. | among different matrices prepared, ampicilloic acid-polymer matrix offered 86.7% adsorption, 95% elution and 82.4% overall recovery of penicillinase. the structure of both the side chain and penicilloic or cephalosporoic acid moieties contribute to the affinity interactions. | 1996 | 9676043 |
| gibbilimbols a-d, cytotoxic and antibacterial alkenylphenols from piper gibbilimbum. | fractionation of the petroleum ether extract from the leaves of piper gibbilimbum collected in papua new guinea afforded four new alkenylphenols, gibbilimbols a-d (1-4). the structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1d- and 2d-nmr spectroscopy. gibbilimbols a-d were found to be toxic to brine shrimp with an lc50 of approximately 5 microg/ml. gibbilimbols a-d were further found to be cytotoxic toward kb nasopharyngal carcinoma cells (ed50 7.8-2.1 microg/ml). all ... | 1998 | 9677279 |
| identification of bacillus cereus by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir). | the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) for rapid identification of bacillus cereus isolates. ten b. cereus group isolates (comprising b. cereus, bacillus mycoides, and bacillus thuringiensis strains), five other bacillus spp., and five non-bacillus spp. were used. two types of media, brain heart infusion (bhi) and trypticase soy agar (tsa), were tested. the results indicated that all b. cereus group isolates produced characteri ... | 1998 | 9678183 |
| estimating the growth rate of a bacterial species in a complex mixture by hybridization of genomic dna | > abstract advances in molecular techniques have enabled new approaches to identifying bacteria. however, once identified, there is no quantitative information on the in situ growth rate of the species, mainly because the technology has not been available. the quantitative incorporation of [methyl-3h]thymidine into dividing bacteria is coupled with a molecular (hybridization) method, to determine the growth rate of bacterial species in situ. the basis of this molecular method is a reverse gene p ... | 1998 | 9688773 |
| clustered proline residues around the active-site cleft in thermostable oligo-1,6-glucosidase of bacillus flavocaldarius kp1228. | the gene that coded for a cellular oligo-1,6-glucosidase (dextrin 6-alpha-d-glucanohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.10) in bacillus flavocaldarius kp1228 (ferm-p9542) cells growing at 51-82 degrees c was expressed in escherichia coli jm109. the enzyme had a half-life of 10 min at 89.2 degrees c. purification of the enzyme and its characterization showed that the enzyme was identical with the native one. its primary structure of 529 residues with a molecular weight of 61,469 deduced from the gene was 40-42% i ... | 1998 | 9692189 |
| purification and partial characterization of a neutral protease from a virulent strain of bacillus cereus. | the factors involved in the pathogenesis of bacillus cereus (b. cereus) in non-gastrointestinal diseases are poorly investigated. some researchers suggest that b. cereus proteases may be involved in these illnesses. the aim of this work was to purify and characterize a protease isolated from a virulent strain of b. cereus to explain its assumptive damaging effect. the enzyme was purified in a four-step procedure involving ammonium sulfate fractionation, acetone precipitation, bio-gel filtration ... | 1998 | 9693959 |
| structure of the key toxin in gas gangrene. | clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin is the key virulence determinant in gas gangrene and has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of sudden death syndrome in young animals. the toxin is a 370-residue, zinc metalloenzyme that has phospholipase c activity, and can bind to membranes in the presence of calcium. the crystal structure of the enzyme reveals a two-domain protein. the n-terminal domain shows an anticipated structural similarity to bacillus cereus phosphatidylcholine-specific phosphol ... | 1998 | 9699639 |
| [morphologic detection of bacillus cereus in blank cartridges]. | wound infections after gunshot wounds from live ammunition can produce serious complications. it is well known that projectiles per se are neither sterile nor does their firing cause sterilization. the germs on the surface of a projectile enter the body together with the projectile and are thus introduced into the wound together with skin bacteria. however it is less known that wound infections can occur in wounds caused by the gas jet from blank ammunition (mainly from shots at very close range ... | 1998 | 9701752 |
| current microbiological status of 'health foods' sold in canada. | a follow-up survey was conducted across canada to evaluate the current status of 'health foods' sold in canada. a total of 1239 sample units of 'health foods' were analysed for a variety of bacteria, including aerobic colony counts (acc), coliforms, aerobic and anaerobic sporeformers, escherichia coli and bacillus cereus. results presented indicate that 16.8-18.4% of the 'health foods' exceed acc guidelines, 16.0-17.8% exceeded coliform guidelines, 35.7% exceeded aerobic sporeformer guidelines, ... | 1998 | 9706793 |
| effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection procedures on the removal of enterotoxigenic bacillus cereus from infant feeding bottles. | reconstituted infant milk formulas are considered a food class of high risk because of the susceptibility of the infant population to enteric bacterial pathogens, severe response to enterotoxins, and increased mortality. twenty infant feeding bottles, contaminated with different levels of enterotoxigenic bacillus cereus, were subjected in triplicate to a variety of commonly used cleaning and disinfection procedures although thorough cleaning reduced microbial numbers, it did not remove all b. ce ... | 1998 | 9708281 |
| phospholipase c hydrolysis of phospholipids in bilayers of mixed lipid compositions. | phosphatidylcholine phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus has been assayed with substrates in the form of large unilamellar vesicles. phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine (also a substrate for the enzyme), sphingomyelin, and cholesterol have been mixed in various proportions, in binary, ternary, and quaternary mixtures. a lag period, followed by a burst of enzyme activity, has been found in all cases. the activity burst was always accompanied by an increase in turbidity of t ... | 1998 | 9709000 |
| duplex (thermotroph-psychrotroph) quadrant plates: convenient, error-avoiding tools for monitoring of haccp-contained food lines and for epidemiological investigations under conditions of military or other constraints. | a set of two "two-tier" (thermotroph-psychrotroph) single quadrant plates (qps) was developed previously to allow convenient enumeration of numbers of colony-forming units of most pertinent pathogenic bacteria or marker bacteria in foods. these include listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, thermotrophic and psychrotrophic enterobacteriaceae, clostridium spp., and enterococcus spp. as the qps had given excellent results in monitoring samples of marketed food products pot ... | 1998 | 9709209 |
| combined effects of ph, nisin, and temperature on growth and survival of psychrotrophic bacillus cereus. | growth of vegetative cells and outgrowth of spores of enterotoxigenic psychrotrophic bacillus cereus in refrigerated minimally processed food products is a public health concern. a study was undertaken to determine the combined effects of ph, nisin, and temperature on growth and survival of 20 strains of b. cereus. the minimum growth temperatures in tryptic soy broth (ph 7.3) and brain heart infusion broth (bhi broth, ph 7.4) were 5 degrees c for two strains and 8 degrees c for five other strain ... | 1998 | 9709228 |
| chemical and bacteriological characteristics of pichtogalo chanion cheese and mesophilic starter cultures for its production. | sixty-two samples of pichtogalo chanion cheese traditionally produced in crete, a few (3 to 6) days old, were analyzed for some chemical and bacteriological characteristics. the results of physicochemical analyses were as follows: (1) moisture content 61.63% (standard deviation 4.67); (2) fat in dry matter 54.03% (sd 7.73); (3) protein content 14.23% (sd 1.72); (4) salt content 1.02% (sd 0.38); (5) water activity (aw) 0.990 (sd 0.003); and (6) ph 4.36 (sd 0.25). none of the samples yielded salmo ... | 1998 | 9709250 |
| microbiological quality of hot meals served by airlines. | the microbiological quality of 1,012 hot meals served on aircraft was studied in 1991 to 1994. the material included dishes prepared in 33 countries all over the world. the geometric means of aerobic colony counts and escherichia coli were significantly lower in breakfasts (p < 0.05) than in main dishes. pathogenic bacteria were found in 30 samples (3.0%), bacillus cereus being the most common pathogen. the frequencies of b. cereus and staphylococcus aureus did not differ between breakfasts and ... | 1998 | 9713771 |
| antibacterial properties of extracts from selected planktonic freshwater cyanobacteria--a comparative study of bacterial bioassays. | aqueous and methanol extracts from five selected cyanobacteria were examined for antibacterial properties in six different bacterial bioassays. all five cyanobacteria revealed antibacterial properties. methanol extracts made from tychonema bourrellyi, aphanizomenon flos-aquae and cylindrospermopsis raciborskii showed the most pronounced inhibitory effects, aqueous extracts made from microcystis aeruginosa and t. bourrellyi possessed evident antibacterial properties. the bacterial bioassays were ... | 1998 | 9717298 |
| isolation, purification and partial characterization of plantaricin 423, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus plantarum. | lactobacillus plantarum 423, isolated from sorghum beer, produces a bacteriocin (plantaricin 423) which is inhibitory to several food spoilage bacteria and food-borne pathogens, including bacillus cereus, clostridium sporogenes, enterococcus faecalis, listeria spp. and staphylococcus spp. plantaricin 423 is resistant to treatment at 80 degrees c, but loses 50% of its activity after 60 min at 100 degrees c and 75% of its activity after autoclaving (121 degrees c, 15 min). plantaricin 423 remains ... | 1998 | 9717299 |
| phospholipase cleavage of glycosylphosphatidylinositol reconstituted in liposomal membranes. | glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) purified from rat liver lipids was incorporated into lipid bilayers of defined compositions, in the form of large unilamellar vesicles. the gpi concentration in the bilayers was kept constant at 25 mole%, whereas the remaining lipids being phosphatidylcholine, phosphastidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin and/or cholesterol were varied. the resulting liposomes consisted of spherical vesicles, approximately 100 nm in diameter, that could keep their aqueous contents s ... | 1998 | 9720914 |
| sporulation temperature affects initiation of germination and inactivation by high hydrostatic pressure of bacillus cereus. | the influence of sporulation temperature (20, 30 and 37 degrees c) on the heat resistance and initiation of germination and inactivation by high pressure on bacillus cereus atcc 14579 spores was investigated. spores sporulated at 37 degrees c were the most heat-resistant. however, spores sporulated at 20 degrees c were more resistant to the initiation of germination and inactivation by high pressure. spores were more sensitive to pressure at higher treatment temperatures. at 25 degrees c, there ... | 1998 | 9721652 |
| discrimination of psychrotrophic and mesophilic strains of the bacillus cereus group by pcr targeting of major cold shock protein genes. | detection of psychrotrophic strains (those able to grow at or below 7 degreesc) of the bacillus cereus group (bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis, and bacillus mycoides) in food products is at present extremely slow with conventional microbiology. this is due to an inability to discriminate these cold-adapted strains from their mesophilic counterparts (those able to grow only above 7 degreesc) by means other than growth at low temperature, which takes 5 to 10 days for detection. here we repo ... | 1998 | 9726910 |
| crystal structure of the zinc-dependent beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus at 1.9 a resolution: binuclear active site with features of a mononuclear enzyme. | the structure of the zinc-dependent beta-lactamase ii from bacillus cereus has been determined at 1.9 a resolution in a crystal form with two molecules in the asymmetric unit and 400 waters (space group p3121; rcryst = 20.8%). the active site contains two zinc ions: zn1 is tightly coordinated by his86, his88, and his149, while zn2 is loosely coordinated by asp90, cys168, and his210. a water molecule (w1) lies between the two zinc ions but is significantly closer to zn1 and at a distance of only ... | 1998 | 9730812 |
| bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov. | previous dna relatedness studies showed that strains identified as bacillus mycoides segregated into two genetically distinct yet phenotypically similar groups, one being b. mycoides sensu stricto and the other, an unclassified taxon. in the present study, the taxonomic position of this second group was assessed by measuring dna relatedness and determining phenotypic characteristics of an increased number of b. mycoides strains. also determined was the second group's 16s rna gene sequence. the 3 ... | 1998 | 9734060 |
| prevalence of food-borne pathogens and growth potential of salmonella in weaning foods from addis ababa, ethiopia. | one hundred samples of ready-to-consume feeding bottle contents from outpatient infants were examined for the presence of salmonella, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus. nearly all samples had very high gross bacterial contamination. three salmonella isolates were encountered from bottle contents made of cow's milk and gruel made from cereal blend. all belonged to group d. of the 108, isolates 67 were staph. aureus and 38 were b. cereus. the potential of salmonella spp to grow in weaning ... | 1998 | 9745837 |
| modulation of enzymatic activity and biological function of listeria monocytogenes broad-range phospholipase c by amino acid substitutions and by replacement with the bacillus cereus ortholog. | the secreted broad-range phosphatidylcholine (pc)-preferring phospholipase c (pc-plc) of listeria monocytogenes plays a role in the bacterium's ability to escape from phagosomes and spread from cell to cell. based on comparisons with two orthologs, clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin and bacillus cereus plc (plcbc), we generated pc-plc mutants with altered enzymatic activities and substrate specificities and analyzed them for biological function in tissue culture and mouse models of infection. t ... | 1998 | 9746585 |
| surface structure, hydrophobicity, phagocytosis, and adherence to matrix proteins of bacillus cereus cells with and without the crystalline surface protein layer. | nonopsonic phagocytosis of bacillus cereus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with particular attention to bacterial surface properties and structure was studied. two reference strains (atcc 14579(t) and atcc 4342) and two clinical isolates (oh599 and oh600) from periodontal and endodontic infections were assessed for adherence to matrix proteins, such as type i collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and fibrinogen. one-day-old cultures of strains oh599 and oh600 were readily ingested by pmns ... | 1998 | 9746594 |
| isolation of bacillus cereus in the feces of healthy adults in taipei city. | fecal specimens from 100 healthy adults were collected and examined for the presence of bacillus cereus which has been associated with 28% of the outbreaks of food poisoning on taiwan within the last 3 years. total isolate rate from these specimens was 8%. variations in isolation rates were found not only in sexes, but also in different age-groups. therefore, presence of b. cereus in the feces of healthy adults may be unpredictable and relate to foods consumed or to other factors. obviously, an ... | 1994 | 9747345 |
| bactericidal activity of carvacrol towards the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. | carvacrol, a natural plant constituent occurring in oregano and thyme, was investigated for its bactericidal effect towards the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. carvacrol showed a dose-related growth inhibition of b. cereus. at concentration of 0.75 mmol l-1 and above, total inhibition of the growth was observed. below this concentration, carvacrol extended the lag-phase, reduced the specific growth rate and reduced the maximum population density. incubation for 40 min in the presence of 0.7 ... | 1998 | 9750293 |
| comparative antibacterial effects of novel pelargonium essential oils and solvent extracts. | the scented leaves of a number of pelargonium (geraniaceae) species and cultivars were extracted using steam distillation, petroleum spirit and methanol. the extracts were assessed for their antibacterial activity in vitro against staphylococcus aureus, proteus vulgaris, bacillus cereus and staph. epidermidis. the results indicated substantial antibacterial activity and suggested that pelargonium essential oils could be used as novel antibacterial agents. the methanolic and petroleum spirit extr ... | 1998 | 9750316 |
| a rapd-pcr method for large-scale typing of bacillus cereus. | a robust rapd-pcr procedure for large-scale typing of bacillus cereus was developed. it is based on a simple dna preparation, involving only freezing and boiling of cells in water with active carbon. by using a computerized system for data collection and processing, an efficient system for handling rapd patterns for large-scale investigations was achieved. the procedure was highly discriminatory for bacillus cereus strains and was found to give reproducible classification of rapd fingerprints fo ... | 1998 | 9750321 |
| a risk assessment approach for food-borne bacillus cereus and its toxins. | 1998 | 9750362 |