Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| grapevine acclimation to water deficit: the adjustment of stomatal and hydraulic conductance differs from petiole embolism vulnerability. | drought-acclimated vines maintained higher gas exchange compared to irrigated controls under water deficit; this effect is associated with modified leaf turgor but not with improved petiole vulnerability to cavitation. a key feature for the prosperity of plants under changing environments is the plasticity of their hydraulic system. in the present research we studied the hydraulic regulation in grapevines (vitis vinifera l.) that were first acclimated for 39 days to well-watered (ww), sustained ... | 2017 | 28214919 |
| iron supply affects anthocyanin content and related gene expression in berries of vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon. | anthocyanins are important compounds for red grape and red wine quality, and can be influenced by supply of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and iron. the present work aims to gain a better understanding of the effect of iron supply on anthocyanins concentration in grape berries. to this end, own-rooted four-year-old cabernet sauvignon grapevines (vitis vinifera) were fertigated every three days with 0, 23, 46, 92, and 184 μm iron (fe) from ferric ethylenediamine di (o-hy ... | 2017 | 28216591 |
| addressing facts and gaps in the phenolics chemistry of winery by-products. | grape and wine phenolics display a noticeable structural diversity, encompassing distinct compounds ranging from simple molecules to oligomers, as well as polymers usually designated as tannins. since these compounds contribute critically to the organoleptic properties of wines, their analysis and quantification are of primordial importance for winery industry operators. besides, the occurrence of these compounds has been also extensively described in winery residues, which have been pointed as ... | 2017 | 28216592 |
| plant stress responses and phenotypic plasticity in the epigenomics era: perspectives on the grapevine scenario, a model for perennial crop plants. | epigenetic marks include histone post-translational modifications and dna methylation which are known to participate in the programming of gene expression in plants and animals. these epigenetic marks may be subjected to dynamic changes in response to endogenous and/or external stimuli and can have an impact on phenotypic plasticity. studying how plant genomes can be epigenetically shaped under stressed conditions has become an essential issue in order to better understand the molecular mechanis ... | 2017 | 28220131 |
| aroma precursors in grapes and wine: flavor release during wine production and consumption. | pioneering investigations into precursors of fruity and floral flavors established the importance of terpenoid and c13-norisoprenoid glycosides to the flavor of aromatic wines. nowadays flavor precursors in grapes and wine are known to be structurally diverse, encompassing glycosides, amino acid conjugates, odorless volatiles, hydroxycinnamic acids, and many others. flavor precursors mainly originate in the grape berry but also from oak or other materials involved in winemaking. flavors are rele ... | 2017 | 28220693 |
| effect of fungicides on growth and ochratoxin a production by aspergillus carbonarius from brazilian wine grapes. | prevention in the field of mycotoxin-producing fungi is the most effective strategy for controlling the presence of mycotoxins in foods. chemical fungicides are widely used to protect crops, so their implications on mycotoxin production need to be considered. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect in vitro and on grapes of five fungicides commonly used on grape cultures in brazil on aspergillus carbonarius growth and ochratoxin a (ota) production. at the doses recommended by ... | 2016 | 28221942 |
| the accumulation of mirnas differentially modulated by drought stress is affected by grafting in grapevine. | grapevine (vitis vinifera) is routinely grafted, and rootstocks inducing drought tolerance represent a source for adapting vineyards to climate change in temperate areas. our goal was to investigate drought stress effects on microrna (mirna) abundance in a drought-resistant grapevine rootstock, m4 (vitis vinifera × vitis berlandieri), compared with a commercial cultivar, cabernet sauvignon, using their autografts and reciprocal grafts. rna extracted from roots and leaves of droughted and irrigat ... | 2017 | 28235889 |
| molecular analysis of the early interaction between the grapevine flower and botrytis cinerea reveals that prompt activation of specific host pathways leads to fungus quiescence. | grapes quality and yield can be impaired by bunch rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea. infection often occurs at flowering and the pathogen stays quiescent until fruit maturity. here, we report a molecular analysis of the early interaction between b. cinerea and vitis vinifera flowers, using a controlled infection system, confocal microscopy and integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis of the host and the pathogen. flowers from fruiting cuttings of the cv. pinot noir ... | 2017 | 28239986 |
| grape hexokinases are involved in the expression regulation of sucrose synthase- and cell wall invertase-encoding genes by glucose and aba. | hexokinase (hxk, ec 2.7.1.1) is a multifunctional protein that both is involved in catalyzing the first step of glycolysis and plays an important role in sugar signaling. however, the supporting genetic evidence on hexokinases (cshxks) from grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon) berries has been lacking. here, to investigate the role of cshxk isoforms as glucose (glc) and abscisic acid (aba) sensors, we cloned two hexokinase isozymes, cshxk1 and cshxk2 with highly conserved genomic str ... | 2017 | 28247243 |
| current distribution and characterization of the wild grapevine populations in andalusia (spain). | for decades, human activities have gradually destroyed the natural habitats of wild grapevine, vitis vinifera l. subsp. sylvestris (gmelin) hegi, and nowadays this species is endangered in southern europe. in this paper, 94 populations of this species have been localized and characterized in the andalusian region in the iberian peninsula between 1989 and 2013. location, ecological aspects, and sanitary characteristics are described. must properties and in vitro tolerance to calcareous conditions ... | 2017 | 28256414 |
| hairy root culture optimization and resveratrol production from vitis vinifera subsp. sylvesteris. | resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound produced in very low levels in grapes. to achieve high yield of resveratrol in wild grape, three agrobacterium rhizogenes strains, ar318, ara4 and lba9402, were used to induce hairy roots following infection of internodes, nodes or petioles of in vitro grown vitis vinifera subsp. sylvesteris accessions w2 and w16, and cultivar rasha. the effects of inoculation time, age of explants, bacterial concentration and co-cultivation times were examined on the effic ... | 2017 | 28271384 |
| a focused multiple reaction monitoring (mrm) quantitative method for bioactive grapevine stilbenes by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (uhplc-qqq). | grapevine stilbenes are a family of polyphenols which derive from trans-resveratrol having antifungal and antimicrobial properties, thus being considered as phytoalexins. in addition to their diverse bioactive properties in animal models, they highlight a strong potential in human health maintenance and promotion. due to this relevance, highly-specific qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis are necessary to accurately analyze stilbenes in different matrices derived from grapevine. here ... | 2017 | 28272361 |
| differences in vvufgt and vvmyba1 gene expression levels and phenolic composition in table grape (vitis vinifera l.) 'red globe' and its somaclonal variant 'pink globe'. | a novel 'red globe' (rg)-derived grape variety, 'pink globe' (pg), was described and registered as a new genotype, with earlier ripening and sweeter taste than those of rg. microsatellite analysis revealed that pg and rg are undifferentiable; however, the pg vvmyba1c contains six single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the coding and noncoding region, possibly related to the reduced vvmyba1 expression levels. conversely, hplc-dad-esi-ms/ms analysis showed significantly lower anthocyanin content i ... | 2017 | 28274120 |
| stilbenes from vitis vinifera l. waste: a sustainable tool for controlling plasmopara viticola. | stilbene-enriched extracts from vitis vinifera waste (cane, wood, and root) were characterized by uhplc-ms. eleven stilbenes were identified and quantified as follows: ampelopsin a, (e)-piceatannol, pallidol, (e)-resveratrol, hopeaphenol, isohopeaphenol, (e)-ε-viniferin, (e)-miyabenol c, (e)-ω-viniferin, r2-viniferin, and r-viniferin. the fungicide concentration inhibiting 50% of growth of plasmopara viticola sporulation (ic50) was determined for the extracts and also for the main compounds isol ... | 2017 | 28288509 |
| rare earth elements distribution in grapevine varieties grown on volcanic soils: an example from mount etna (sicily, italy). | a geochemical and statistical approach has allowed identifying in rare earth elements (rees) absorption a good fingerprinting mark for determining the territoriality and the provenance of vitis vinifera l. in the district of mount etna (southern italy). our aim is to define the rees distribution in different parts of the plants which grow in the same volcanic soil and under the same climate conditions, and therefore to assess whether rees distribution may reflect the composition of the provenanc ... | 2017 | 28290138 |
| isolation of native proanthocyanidins from grapevine (vitis vinifera) and other fruits in aqueous buffer. | condensed tannins (also called proanthocyanidins) present in strategic tissues of fruits (outer pericarp and vascular bundles) were known as short polymers of flavan-3-ols. a pretreatment of the plant material (fruits from the grapevine, persimmon) with buffered ascorbic acid and triton x-100 followed by acetone extraction provided native white fully depolymerizable tannins. tannins are usually extracted with aqueous solvents and further purified, although artifactual oxidations occur, altering ... | 0 | 28291348 |
| diel rhythms in the volatile emission of apple and grape foliage. | this study investigated the diel emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs) from intact apple (malus x domestica borkh., cv. golden delicious) and grape (vitis vinifera l., cv. pinot noir) foliage. volatiles were monitored continuously for 48 h by proton transfer reaction - time of flight - mass spectrometry (ptr-tof-ms). in addition, volatiles were collected by closed-loop-stripping-analysis (clsa) and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) after 1 h and again 24 and 4 ... | 2017 | 28291597 |
| vitis vinifera peel and seed gold nanoparticles exhibit chemopreventive potential, antioxidant activity and induce apoptosis through mutant p53, bcl-2 and pan cytokeratin down-regulation in experimental animals. | several studies suggest surface modifications of gold nanoparticles (aunps) by capping agents or surface coatings could play an important role in biological systems, and site directed delivery. the present study was carried out to assess the antioxidant and apoptotic activities of the vitis vinifera peel and seed gold nanoparticles in experimentally induced cancer in swiss albino mice. 12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (dmba) (single application) and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (tpa) (thri ... | 2017 | 28292018 |
| growth inhibitory activity of ankaferd hemostat on primary melanoma cells and cell lines. | ankaferd hemostat is the first topical hemostatic agent about the red blood cell-fibrinogen relations tested in the clinical trials. ankaferd hemostat consists of standardized plant extracts including alpinia officinarum, glycyrrhiza glabra, thymus vulgaris, urtica dioica, and vitis vinifera. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of ankaferd hemostat on viability of melanoma cell lines. | 2017 | 28293423 |
| collection and characterization of grapevine genetic resources (vitis vinifera) in the holy land, towards the renewal of ancient winemaking practices. | the importance and extent of wine consumption in all life aspects at the holy land is well documented. the muslim influence in this region led to the abandonment of winemaking practices, and possible loss of indigenous wine varieties. here we present a country wide collection of the local grapevine population including wild and cultivated forms, and its characterization by genetic, ampelographic and enological methods. the ampelographic analysis shows clear differences between sativa and sylvest ... | 2017 | 28303928 |
| [eco-physiological investigations on wild and cultivated plants in the negev desert : ii. the influence of climatic factors on carbon dioxide exchange and transpiration at the end of the dry period]. | the influence of climatic factors on net photosynthesis, dark respiration and transpiration was investigated in the negev desert at the end of the dry summer period when plant water stress was at a maximum. species studied included: dominant species of the natural vegetation (artemisia herba-alba, hammada scoparia, noaea mucronata, reaumuria negevensis, salsola inermis, zygophyllum dumosum), cultivated plants receiving rainfall and run-off water during the winter season in the run-off farm avdat ... | 1972 | 28311256 |
| [eco-physiological investigations on wild and cultivated plants in the negev desert : iii. daily courses of net photosynthesis and transpiration at the end of the dry period]. | the daily course of net photosynthesis and transpiration was measured with temperature and humidity controlled cuvettes at the end of the dry summer season in the negev desert. species studied included: dominant species of the natural vegetation, cultivated plants in the run-off farm avdat and permanently irrigated plants. an analysis of the influence of single climatic factors on gas exchange was given in part ii of this publication. the reactions of the plants to complex changes in all the env ... | 1972 | 28313070 |
| families, genera, and species of botryosphaeriales. | members of botryosphaeriales are ecologically diverse, but most commonly associated with leaf spots, fruit and root rots, die-back or cankers of diverse woody hosts. based on morphology and dna sequence data, the botryosphaeriales have to date been shown to contain eight families, with an additional two, endomelanconiopsisaceae (endomelanconiopsis) and pseudofusicoccumaceae (pseudofusicoccum) being newly described in this study. furthermore, oblongocollomyces is introduced as new genus, while sp ... | 2017 | 28317538 |
| hierarchically aligning 10 legume genomes establishes a family-level genomics platform. | mainly due to their economic importance, genomes of 10 legumes, including soybean (glycine max), wild peanut (arachis duranensis and arachis ipaensis), and barrel medic (medicago truncatula), have been sequenced. however, a family-level comparative genomics analysis has been unavailable. with grape (vitis vinifera) and selected legume genomes as outgroups, we managed to perform a hierarchical and event-related alignment of these genomes and deconvoluted layers of homologous regions produced by a ... | 2017 | 28325848 |
| phenolic fractions from muscadine grape "noble" pomace can inhibit breast cancer cell mda-mb-231 better than those from european grape "cabernet sauvignon" and induce s-phase arrest and apoptosis. | tons of grape pomace which still contained a rich amount of plant polyphenols, is discarded after winemaking. plant polyphenols have multi-functional activities for human body. in this study, polyphenols of pomaces from muscadinia rotundifolia "noble" and vitis vinifera "cabernet sauvignon" were extracted and fractionated, and then they were analyzed with lc-ms and the inhibitory effects on breast cancer cells were compared. the inhibition on mda-mb-231 cells of fractions from "noble" was furthe ... | 2017 | 28329437 |
| comparison of transcriptional expression patterns of carotenoid metabolism in 'cabernet sauvignon' grapes from two regions with distinct climate. | the downstream flux of carotenoid metabolism in grape berries includes the biosynthesis of norisoprenoids, a group of important aroma compounds, and the production of aba, a well-known plant hormone. this study focused on the transcriptional profiling comparison of genes participating in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, norisoprenoids, and aba in vitis vinifera 'cabernet sauvignon' grapes at pea size, veraison, and ripening stages. the grapes were obtained from changli (cl, eastern china) and ga ... | 2017 | 28329733 |
| an efficient protocol for isolation of inhibitor-free nucleic acids even from recalcitrant plants. | for fast and easy isolation of inhibitor-free genomic dna even from the toughest plant leaf samples, including those high in polyphenols and polysaccharides, a protocol has been developed. to prevent the solubility of polysaccharides in the dna extract, high salt concentration (1.4 m) was used in the extraction buffer. polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp) was used for the removal of polyphenols as polymerase chain reaction (pcr) inhibitors. proteins like various enzymes were degraded by proteinase k and r ... | 2016 | 28330131 |
| ultrasensitive determination of dna oxidation products by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and the role of antioxidants in the prevention of oxidative damage. | oxidative stress is considered as one of the significant causes of dna damage which in turn contributes to cell death through a series of intermediate processes such as cancer formation, mutation, and aging. natural sources such as plant and fruit products have provided us with interesting substances of antioxidant activity that could be recruited in protecting the genetic materials of the cells. this study is an effort to discover some of those antioxidants effects in their standard and natural ... | 2017 | 28334650 |
| structural changes induced in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) dna by femtosecond ir laser pulses: a surface-enhanced raman spectroscopic study. | in this work, surface-enhanced raman spectra of ten genomic dnas extracted from leaf tissues of different grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) varieties, respectively, are analyzed in the wavenumber range 300-1800 cm-1. furthermore, structural changes induced in grapevine genomic nucleic acids upon femtosecond (170 fs) infrared (ir) laser pulse irradiation (λ = 1100 nm) are discussed in detail for seven genomic dnas, respectively. surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) signatures, vibrational band ... | 2016 | 28335224 |
| emission of volatile sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes in grapevine genotypes following plasmopara viticola inoculation in vitro. | the grapevine (vitis vinifera) is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops globally, and one of its most important diseases in terms of economic losses is downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola. several wild vitis species have been found to be resistant to this pathogen and have been used in breeding programs to introduce resistance traits to susceptible cultivars. plant defense is based on different mechanisms, and volatile organic compounds (vocs) play a major role in the response to ... | 2015 | 28338277 |
| genome evolutionary dynamics followed by diversifying selection explains the complexity of the sesamum indicum genome. | whole genome duplication (wgd) and tandem duplication (td) provide two critical sources of raw genetic material for genome complexity and evolutionary novelty. little is known about the complexity of the sesamum indicum genome after it diverged from a common ancestor with the paleodiploid vitis vinifera and further experienced wgd and td events. | 2017 | 28340563 |
| bioconversion of stilbenes in genetically engineered root and cell cultures of tobacco. | it is currently possible to transfer a biosynthetic pathway from a plant to another organism. this system has been exploited to transfer the metabolic richness of certain plant species to other plants or even to more simple metabolic organisms such as yeast or bacteria for the production of high added value plant compounds. another application is to bioconvert substrates into scarcer or biologically more interesting compounds, such as piceatannol and pterostilbene. these two resveratrol-derived ... | 2017 | 28345676 |
| genome-wide analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in grape (vitis vinifera): structure, evolution, and expression profiles. | sucrose synthase (ss) is widely considered as the key enzyme involved in the plant sugar metabolism that is critical to plant growth and development, especially quality of the fruit. the members of ss gene family have been identified and characterized in multiple plant genomes. however, detailed information about this gene family is lacking in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). in this study, we performed a systematic analysis of the grape (v. vinifera) genome and reported that there are five ss gen ... | 2017 | 28350372 |
| stomatal closure, basal leaf embolism, and shedding protect the hydraulic integrity of grape stems. | the time scale of stomatal closure and xylem cavitation during plant dehydration, as well as the fate of embolized organs, are under debate, largely due to methodological limitations in the evaluation of embolism. while some argue that complete stomatal closure precedes the occurrence of embolism, others believe that the two are contemporaneous processes that are accompanied by daily xylem refilling. here, we utilize an optical light transmission method to continuously monitor xylem cavitation i ... | 2017 | 28351909 |
| cultivar-specific gene modulation in vitis vinifera: analysis of the promoters regulating the expression of wox transcription factors. | the family of wuschel-related homeobox (wox) genes is a class of transcription factors involved in the early stages of embryogenesis and organ development in plants. some of these genes have shown different transcription levels in embryogenic tissues and mature organs in two different cultivars of vitis vinifera: 'chardonnay' (ch) and 'cabernet sauvignon' (cs). therefore, we investigated the genetic basis responsible for these differences by cloning and sequencing in both the cultivars the promo ... | 2017 | 28358354 |
| the mads-box gene agamous-like 11 is essential for seed morphogenesis in grapevine. | despite the wide appreciation of seedless grapes, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that drive the stenospermocarpic seedless-type phenotype in grapevine. in order to address the molecular mechanisms that control seedlessness in grapevine, our study aimed to characterize vviagl11, a class d mads-box transcription factor gene that has been proposed as the major candidate gene involved in vitis vinifera seed morphogenesis. vviagl11 allelic variations in seeded and seedless grapevine c ... | 2017 | 28369525 |
| a group of grapevine myba transcription factors located in chromosome 14 control anthocyanin synthesis in vegetative organs with different specificities compared with the berry color locus. | grapevine organs accumulate anthocyanins in a cultivar-specific and environmentally induced manner. the myba1-a2 genes within the berry color locus in chromosome 2 represent the major genetic determinants of fruit color. the simultaneous occurrence of transposon insertions and point mutations in these genes is responsible for most white-skinned phenotypes; however, the red pigmentation found in vegetative organs suggests the presence of additional regulators. this work describes a genomic region ... | 2017 | 28370629 |
| core microbiota and metabolome of vitis vinifera l. cv. corvina grapes and musts. | the composition and changes of the fungal population and of the metabolites present in grapes and in ferments of vitis vinifera l. cv. corvina, one of the major components of the amarone musts, were dissected aiming at the identification of constant characteristics possibly influenced by the productive process. the fungal populations and metabolomic profiles were analyzed in three different vintages. 454-pyrosequencing on the ribosomal its1 region has been used to identify the fungal population ... | 2017 | 28377754 |
| genome-wide identification of the mikc-type mads-box gene family in gossypium hirsutum l. unravels their roles in flowering. | cotton is one of the major world oil crops. cottonseed oil meets the increasing demand of fried food, ruminant feed, and renewable bio-fuels. mads intervening keratin-like and c-terminal (mikc)-type mads-box genes encode transcription factors that have crucial roles in various plant developmental processes. nevertheless, this gene family has not been characterized, nor its functions investigated, in cotton. here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of mikc-type mads genes in the tetraploid gos ... | 2017 | 28382045 |
| removal of pfoa and pfos from aqueous solutions using activated carbon produced from vitis vinifera leaf litter. | the removal of perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) from aqueous solutions using agro-waste biomass of vitis vinifera (grape) leaf litter was studied. activated carbons were produced from the biomass and chemical activation achieved by using phosphoric acid (h3po4) and potassium hydroxide (koh) for the modification of the carbons' surface morphology. activated carbons were characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and ... | 2017 | 28382450 |
| double maturation raisonnée: the impact of on-vine berry dehydration on the berry and wine composition of merlot (vitis vinifera l.). | double maturation raisonnée (dmr) is a potential canopy measure that affects grape and wine composition. the aim of this work was to study for the first time the dmr impact on the physical, biochemical and sensorial characteristics of the berries and wines of merlot, one of the world's fastest-expanding grapevine varieties. | 2017 | 28382623 |
| diosmin/essential oil combination for dermal photo-protection using a lipoid colloidal carrier. | solar irradiation induces skin inflammatory processes causing deleterious effects like premature ageing. in this study, the designed lipoid colloidal carrier (lcc) was loaded with diosmin in combination with different essential oils, to be used as a topical photo-protective preparation. to investigate the ability of the essential oils to potentiate diosmin effects, the diosmin/essential oil-loaded lccs (lcc2, lcc3 and lcc4) were compared to the diosmin-loaded lcc (lcc1). the incorporated essenti ... | 0 | 28390258 |
| spatiotemporal spread of grapevine red blotch-associated virus in a california vineyard. | grapevine red blotch-associated virus (grbav), the causative agent of red blotch disease, is a member of the genus grablovirus, in the family geminiviridae and the first known geminivirus of vitis spp. limited information is available on the epidemiology of red blotch disease. a 2-hectare vitis vinifera cv. 'cabernet franc' vineyard in napa county, california, usa was selected for monitoring grbav spread over a three-year period (2014-2016) based on an initially low disease incidence and an aggr ... | 2017 | 28392444 |
| biotechnological approaches for production of anti-cancerous compounds resveratrol, podophyllotoxin and zerumbone. | secondary metabolites from numerous plant sources have been developed as anti-cancer reagents and compounds such as resveratrol, podophyllotoxin and zerumbone are of particular importance in this regard. since their de novo chemical synthesis is both arduous and commercially expensive, there has been an impetus to develop viable, biotechnological methods of production. accordingly, this review focuses on recent developments in the field, highlighting the use of micropropagation, cell suspension ... | 2017 | 28393691 |
| relationship between hyperspectral indices, agronomic parameters and phenolic composition of vitis vinifera cv tempranillo grapes. | the phenolic composition of grapes is key when making decisions about harvest date and ensuring the quality of grapes. the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the detailed phenolic composition of grapes and the agronomic parameters and hyperspectral indices, with the latter being measured via field radiometry techniques. | 2017 | 28397240 |
| metabolomic study of chardonnay grapevines double stressed with esca-associated fungi and drought. | esca is a complex grapevine trunk disease associated with fungal infection of the xylem. however, the inconstancy of external symptoms and the ability of esca-associated fungi to inhabit grapevines without causing apparent disease suggests that abiotic factors might be involved in the disease. water stress has been proposed to be one of the factors influencing esca symptom manifestation but the specific role played by water stress on esca development is unknown. we conducted a proton nuclear mag ... | 2017 | 28402211 |
| potential use of secondary products of the agri-food industry for topical formulations and comparative analysis of antioxidant activity of grape leaf polyphenols. | the aim of the present study was to develop a phytocosmetic using vitis waste by-products, for use as a topical formulation for skin protection against ultraviolet radiation damage. the study also evaluates the free radical scavenger activity of the crude extracts of dried leaves of vitis vinifera and vitis labrusca, as well as the anthocyanins, flavonoid fraction and isolated compounds. next, release and permeation studies of hydrogels were performed using franz-type diffusion cells. flavonoid ... | 2018 | 28403634 |
| relationship among color development, anthocyanin and pigment-related gene expression in 'crimson seedless' grapes treated with abscisic acid and sucrose. | 'crimson seedless' is one of the most important table grape varieties in chile, but under certain environmental conditions, the fruit exhibits inadequate red color development, causing economic losses due to lower product quality. the use of plant growth regulators, such as abscisic acid (aba) and ethylene, during development increases the anthocyanin content of the skin, improving the color of the berry. recently, sucrose has been identified as a signaling molecule capable of regulating the exp ... | 0 | 28412633 |
| vascular development of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) inflorescence rachis in response to flower number, plant growth regulators and defoliation. | the grapevine inflorescence is a determinate panicle and as buds emerge, shoot, flower and rachis development occur simultaneously. the growth and architecture of the rachis is determined by genetic and environmental factors but here we examined the role of flower and leaf number as well as hormones on its elongation and vascular development. the consequences of rachis morphology and vascular area on berry size and composition were also assessed. one week prior to anthesis, merlot and cabernet s ... | 2017 | 28421372 |
| isolation and identification of the indigenous yeast population during spontaneous fermentation of isabella (vitis labrusca l.) grape must. | grape must harbors a complex community of yeast species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation. although there are detailed studies on the microbiota of vitis vinifera l. grapes, less is known about the diversity and behavior of yeast communities present on fermenting grape must from other species of vitis. in this work, we used a culture-dependent method to study the identity and dynamics of the indigenous yeast population present during the spontaneous fermentation of isabella (vit ... | 2017 | 28424672 |
| treatment strategies for high resveratrol induction in vitis vinifera l. cell suspension culture. | bioprocesses capable of producing large scales of resveratrol at nutraceutical grade are in demand. this study herein investigated treatment strategies to induce the production of resveratrol in vitis vinifera l. cell suspension cultures. among seven investigated elicitors, jasmonic acid (ja), salicylic acid, β-glucan (glu), and chitosan enhanced the production of intracellular resveratrol manyfold. the combined treatment of ja and glu increased extracellular resveratrol production by up to tenf ... | 2014 | 28435798 |
| epoxynemanione a, nemanifuranones a-f, and nemanilactones a-c, from nemania serpens, an endophytic fungus isolated from riesling grapevines. | ten polyketide specialized metabolites, epoxynemanione a, nemanifuranones a-f, and nemanilactones a-c, were isolated from the culture filtrate of nemania serpens (pers.) grey (1821), an endophytic fungus from a riesling grapevine (vitis vinifera) found in canada's niagara region. additionally, four known metabolites 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxy-benzoic acid, phyllostine, 5-methylmellein and a nordammarane triterpenoid were isolated. a related known metabolite 2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyl-5- ... | 2017 | 28441516 |
| constructing integrated networks for identifying new secondary metabolic pathway regulators in grapevine: recent applications and future opportunities. | representing large biological data as networks is becoming increasingly adopted for predicting gene function while elucidating the multifaceted organization of life processes. in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), network analyses have been mostly adopted to contribute to the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that control berry composition. whereas, some studies have used gene co-expression networks to find common pathways and putative targets for transcription factors related to developmen ... | 2017 | 28446914 |
| two highly similar poplar paleo-subgenomes suggest an autotetraploid ancestor of salicaceae plants. | as a model plant to study perennial trees in the salicaceae family, the poplar (populus trichocarpa) genome was sequenced, revealing recurrent paleo-polyploidizations during its evolution. a comparative and hierarchical alignment of its genome to a well-selected reference genome would help us better understand poplar's genome structure and gene family evolution. here, by adopting the relatively simpler grape (vitis vinifera) genome as reference, and by inferring both intra- and inter-genomic gen ... | 2017 | 28446920 |
| melatonin in grapes and grape-related foodstuffs: a review. | a decade has passed since melatonin was first reported in grapes in 2006. during this time, melatonin has not only been found in the berries of most wine grape (vitis vinifera l.) cultivars, but also in most grape-related foodstuffs, e.g. wine, grape juice and grape vinegar. in this review, we discuss the melatonin content in grapes and grape-related foodstuffs (especially wine) from previous studies, the physiological function of melatonin in grapes, and the factors contributing to the producti ... | 2017 | 28449995 |
| effects of defoliation on quality attributes of nero di troia (vitis vinifera l.) grape and wine. | field studies were conducted in puglia (italy) to evaluate the influence of defoliation around cluster zones on grape and wine quality. nero di troia grapes were subjected to four different treatments: n: no leaf removal; e: leaf removal in the area of the clusters along the east side (at complete veraison); e/w: leaf removal in the area of the clusters along the east and west side (at complete veraison); and f: almost complete leaf removal along the west side (at complete veraison) and at pre-h ... | 2015 | 28454955 |
| ecological and pest-management implications of sex differences in scarab landing patterns on grape vines. | melolonthinae beetles, comprising different white grub species, are a globally-distributed pest group. their larvae feed on roots of several crop and forestry species, and adults can cause severe defoliation. in new zealand, the endemic scarab pest costelytra zealandica (white) causes severe defoliation on different horticultural crops, including grape vines (vitis vinifera). understanding flight and landing behaviours of this pest can help inform pest management decisions. | 2017 | 28462026 |
| the emerging contribution of social wasps to grape rot disease ecology. | grape sour (bunch) rot is a polymicrobial disease of vineyards that causes millions of dollars in lost revenue per year due to decreased quality of grapes and resultant wine. the disease is associated with damaged berries infected with a community of acetic acid bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi that results in rotting berries with high amounts of undesirable volatile acidity. many insect species cause the initial grape berry damage that can lead to this disease, but most studies have focu ... | 2017 | 28462032 |
| light-induced variation in phenolic compounds in cabernet sauvignon grapes (vitis vinifera l.) involves extensive transcriptome reprogramming of biosynthetic enzymes, transcription factors, and phytohormonal regulators. | light environments have long been known to influence grape (vitis vinifera l.) berry development and biosynthesis of phenolic compounds, and ultimately affect wine quality. here, the accumulation and compositional changes of hydroxycinnamic acids (hcas) and flavonoids, as well as global gene expression were analyzed in cabernet sauvignon grape berries under sunlight exposure treatments at different phenological stages. sunlight exposure did not consistently affect the accumulation of berry skin ... | 2017 | 28469625 |
| aflatoxin, proximate composition and mineral profile of stored broiler feed treated with medicinal plant leaves. | in the present investigation, the morus alba (m. alba), vitis vinifera (v. vinifera), ficus religiosa (f. religiosa) and citrus paradisi (c. paradisi) leaves anti-aflatoxigenic activities were evaluated in aspergillus flavus (a. flavus) inoculated feed. | 2017 | 28483450 |
| identification of a novel alternative splicing variant of vvpma1 in grape root under salinity. | it has been well-demonstrated that the control of plasma membrane h(+)-atpase (pm h(+)-atpase) activity is important to plant salt tolerance. this study found a significant increase in pm h(+)-atpase (pma) activity in grape root exposed to nacl. furthermore, 7 vitis vinifera pm h(+)-atpase genes (vvpmas) were identified within the grape genome and the expression response of these vvpmas in grape root under salinity was analyzed. two vvpmas (vvpma1 and vvpma3) were expressed more strongly in root ... | 2017 | 28484478 |
| combining hydrothermal pretreatment with enzymes de-pectinates and exposes the innermost xyloglucan-rich hemicellulose layers of wine grape pomace. | chardonnay grape pomace was treated with pressurized heat followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, with commercial or pure enzymes, in buffered conditions. the pomace was unfermented as commonly found for white winemaking wastes and treatments aimed to simulate biovalorization processing. cell wall profiling techniques showed that the pretreatment led to depectination of the outer layers thereby exposing xylan polymers and increasing the extractability of arabinans, galactans, arabinogalactan proteins ... | 2017 | 28490083 |
| thermal degradation kinetics of anthocyanins extracted from juçara (euterpe edulis martius) and "italia" grapes (vitis vinifera l.), and the effect of heating on the antioxidant capacity. | the effect of temperature on the degradation of anthocyanins in juçara and "italia" grape extracts was determined between 50 and 90°c. for both species, thermal degradation followed a first-order kinetic model. the decimal reduction time decreased with increasing temperature, and dependence on the thermodegradable factor was lower at higher temperatures. the anthocyanins from juçara degraded more slowly than those extracted from "italia" grapes. the activation enthalpy and free energy of inactiv ... | 2017 | 28490147 |
| differences in flower transcriptome between grapevine clones are related to their cluster compactness, fruitfulness, and berry size. | grapevine cluster compactness has a clear impact on fruit quality and health status, as clusters with greater compactness are more susceptible to pests and diseases and ripen more asynchronously. different parameters related to inflorescence and cluster architecture (length, width, branching, etc.), fruitfulness (number of berries, number of seeds) and berry size (length, width) contribute to the final level of compactness. from a collection of 501 clones of cultivar garnacha tinta, two compact ... | 2017 | 28496449 |
| cell cycle genes are activated earlier than respiratory genes during release of grapevine buds from endodormancy. | single-bud cuttings of vitis vinifera l exposed to forced growing conditions were used to investigate the involvement of phytohormones, abscisic acid (aba), auxin (aux) and cytokinin (ck) in the release of buds from the ed and in bud-sprouting. this artificial system imitates and hastens the natural sprouting that occurs in spring. temporal expression analysis of genes related to phytohormones synthesis, showed an early drop in the expression of aba biosynthesis gene that preceded an increase in ... | 2017 | 28498020 |
| potential ameliorative effects of grape seed-derived polyphenols against cadmium induced prostatic deficits. | grape (vitis vinifera) is consumed as fruit and wine for people. in this study, rat model of prostatic deficits was induced by orally receiving 60mg/l cadmium chlorine (cdcl2) through drinking water for 20 weeks. grape seed-derived polyphenols extract (gsp) was orally given for 20 weeks. finally, the prostatic levels of e-cadherin, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin were measured by immunohistochemical and qpcr analysis. the oxidative stress was measured by detecting the levels of malondiald ... | 2017 | 28499242 |
| low source-sink ratio reduces reserve starch in grapevine woody canes and modulates sugar transport and metabolism at transcriptional and enzyme activity levels. | severe leaf removal decreases storage starch and sucrose in grapevine cv. cabernet sauvignon fruiting cuttings and modulates the activity of key enzymes and the expression of sugar transporter genes. leaf removal is an agricultural practice that has been shown to modify vineyard efficiency and grape and wine composition. in this study, we took advantage of the ability to precisely control the number of leaves to fruits in cabernet sauvignon fruiting cuttings to study the effect of source-sink ra ... | 0 | 28526983 |
| oriented growth of α-mno₂ nanorods using natural extracts from grape stems and apple peels. | we report on the synthesis of alpha manganese dioxide (α-mno₂) nanorods using natural extracts from vitis vinifera grape stems and malus domestica 'cortland' apple peels. we used a two-step method to produce highly crystalline α-mno₂ nanorods: (1) reduction of kmno₄ in the presence of natural extracts to initiate the nucleation process; and (2) a thermal treatment to enable further solid-state growth of the nuclei. transmission electron microscopy (tem) and field emission scanning electron micro ... | 2017 | 28531147 |
| the solanum tuberosum kst1 partial promoter as a tool for guard cell expression in multiple plant species. | to date, guard cell promoters have been examined in only a few species, primarily annual dicots. a partial segment of the potato (solanum tuberosum) kst1 promoter (kst1 partial promoter, kst1ppro) has previously been shown to confer guard cell expression in potato, tomato (solanum lycopersicum), citrus [troyer citrange (c. sinensis×poncirus trifoliata)], and arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). here, we describe an extensive analysis of the expression pattern of kst1ppro in eight (previously repo ... | 2017 | 28531314 |
| grapevine subtilase family: update on new sequences and nomenclature proposal. | in grapevine, serine peptidases from the subtilase family were recently associated to plasmopara viticola resistance. this family in grapevine, first characterized in 2014, was re-analyzed last year and 82 subtilase genes were identified. however, in november of 2016, the national center for biotechnology information database (ncbi) made a new public release of the grapevine genome annotation based on new sequencing data and better prediction algorithms. as a consequence, some gene annotations a ... | 2017 | 28533788 |
| crispr/cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis in grape. | rna-guided genome editing using the crispr/cas9 crispr (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/cas9 (crispr-associated protein 9) system has been applied successfully in several plant species. however, to date, there are few reports on the use of any of the current genome editing approaches in grape-an important fruit crop with a large market not only for table grapes but also for wine. here, we report successful targeted mutagenesis in grape (vitis vinifera l., cv. neo musca ... | 2017 | 28542349 |
| contact dermatitis as an adverse reaction to some topically used european herbal medicinal products - part 4: solidago virgaurea-vitis vinifera. | this review focuses on contact dermatitis as an adverse effect of a selection of topically used herbal medicinal products for which the european medicines agency has completed an evaluation up to the end of november 2013 and for which a community herbal monograph - now (since 2014) called a 'european union herbal monograph' - has been produced. the present part 4 addresses species from solidago virgaurea l. to vitis vinifera l. | 2017 | 28543097 |
| different exogenous sugars affect the hormone signal pathway and sugar metabolism in "red globe" (vitis vinifera l.) plantlets grown in vitro as shown by transcriptomic analysis. | exogenously applied 2% fructose is the most appropriate carbon source that enhances photosynthesis and growth of grape plantlets compared with the same concentrations of sucrose and glucose. the role of the sugars was regulated by the expression of key candidate genes related to hormones, key metabolic enzymes, and sugar metabolism of grape plantlets ( vitis vinifera l.) grown in vitro. the addition of sugars including sucrose, glucose, and fructose is known to be very helpful for the developmen ... | 0 | 28550410 |
| use of natural diversity and biotechnology to increase the quality and nutritional content of tomato and grape. | improving fruit quality has become a major goal in plant breeding. direct approaches to tackling fruit quality traits specifically linked to consumer preferences and environmental friendliness, such as improved flavor, nutraceutical compounds, and sustainability, have slowly been added to a breeder priority list that already includes traits like productivity, efficiency, and, especially, pest and disease control. breeders already use molecular genetic tools to improve fruit quality although most ... | 0 | 28553296 |
| run1 and ren1 pyramiding in grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. crimson seedless) displays an improved defense response leading to enhanced resistance to powdery mildew (erysiphe necator). | fungal pathogens are the cause of the most common diseases in grapevine and among them powdery mildew represents a major focus for disease management. different strategies for introgression of resistance in grapevine are currently undertaken in breeding programs. for example, introgression of several resistance genes (r) from different sources for making it more durable and also strengthening the plant defense response. taking this into account, we cross-pollinated p09-105/34, a grapevine plant ... | 2017 | 28553300 |
| the common transcriptional subnetworks of the grape berry skin in the late stages of ripening. | wine grapes are important economically in many countries around the world. defining the optimum time for grape harvest is a major challenge to the grower and winemaker. berry skins are an important source of flavor, color and other quality traits in the ripening stage. senescent-like processes such as chloroplast disorganization and cell death characterize the late ripening stage. | 2017 | 28558655 |
| particularities of syrah wines from different growing regions of southern brazil: grapevine phenology and bioactive compounds. | the aim of this study was to monitor the phenological parameters of grapevine (vitis vinifera) of syrah variety recently introduced in the region of marari, água doce, campos novos and são joaquim, santa catarina state (sc), brazil, and to characterize the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of wines produced from this variety of the vintages 2010 and 2011. the adaptation of the grapevine to climate conditions of these grape growing regions of southern brazil for this variety has also ... | 2017 | 28559600 |
| drawing links from transcriptome to metabolites: the evolution of aroma in the ripening berry of moscato bianco (vitis vinifera l.). | monoterpenes confer typical floral notes to "muscat" grapevine varieties and, to a lesser extent, to other aromatic non-muscat varieties. previous studies have led to the identification and functional characterization of some enzymes and genes in this pathway. however, the underlying genetic map is still far from being complete. for example, the specific steps of monoterpene metabolism and its regulation are largely unknown. with the aim of identifying new candidates for the missing links, we ap ... | 2017 | 28559906 |
| how single molecule real-time sequencing and haplotype phasing have enabled reference-grade diploid genome assembly of wine grapes. | 2017 | 28567052 | |
| correlative analysis of fluorescent phytoalexins by mass spectrometry imaging and fluorescence microscopy in grapevine leaves. | plant response to their environment stresses is a complex mechanism involving secondary metabolites. stilbene phytoalexins, namely resveratrol, pterostilbene, piceids and viniferins play a key role in grapevine (vitis vinifera) leaf defense. despite their well-established qualities, conventional analyses such as hplc-dad or lc-ms lose valuable information on metabolite localization during the extraction process. to overcome this issue, a correlative analysis combining mass spectroscopy imaging ( ... | 2017 | 28570053 |
| influence of freeze concentration technique on aromatic and phenolic compounds, color attributes, and sensory properties of cabernet sauvignon wine. | red wines produced in the xinjiang region of china possess poor color density, and lack fruity notes and elegance. the freeze concentration technique, as a well-established concentration method for liquid food systems, was applied to the cabernet sauvignon (vitis vinifera l.) wine-making process, aiming to investigate its effect on wine quality improvement. results showed that the freeze concentration treatment did not significantly alter the physicochemical properties of the wine, except for an ... | 2017 | 28574422 |
| adjusting the scent ratio: using genetically modified vitis vinifera plants to manipulate european grapevine moth behaviour. | herbivorous insects use olfactory cues to locate their host plant within a complex olfactory landscape. one such example is the european grapevine moth lobesia botrana, a key pest of the grape in the palearctic region, which recently expanded both its geographical and host plant range. previous studies have showed that a synthetic blend of the three terpenoids, (e)-β-caryophyllene, (e)-β-farnesene and (e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (dmnt), was as attractive for the moth as the complete grape ... | 2018 | 28574666 |
| spontaneous variation regarding grape berry skin color: a comprehensive study of berry development by means of biochemical and molecular markers. | understanding grape berry development and the metabolism of different classes of compounds responsible for traits like berry's color is imperative to control and improve quality aspects of grapes. a colorimetric, biochemical and molecular characterization allowed the comprehensive description of the pigment-related characteristics of nine berry skin color somatic variants, belonging to four different varieties. although the observed berry skin color variability was not fully explained by myba lo ... | 2017 | 28578035 |
| aba represses the expression of cell cycle genes and may modulate the development of endodormancy in grapevine buds. | recently, the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) has been implicated as a key player in the regulation of endodormancy (ed) in grapevine buds (vitis vinifera l). in this study, we show that in the vine, the expression of genes related to the biosynthesis of aba (vvnced1; vvnced2) and the content of aba are significantly higher in the latent bud than at the shoot apex, while the expression of an aba catabolic gene (vva8h3) showed no significant difference between either organ. a negative correlati ... | 2017 | 28579998 |
| the effect of dietary grape pomace supplementation on epididymal sperm quality and testicular antioxidant ability in ram lambs. | wine grape pomace (wgp) contains a rich source of polyphenols that can act as powerful antioxidants. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary wgp supplementation on antioxidative activity and epididymal sperm quality in rams. the rams were raised either under free-range or pen conditions, and the pen-raised rams were fed a wgp-containing diet (0, 5% and 10% of dry matter basis) for 74 days. an increase in the concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ros, p < 0.05) a ... | 2017 | 28583608 |
| a rapid silica spin column-based method of rna extraction from fruit trees for rt-pcr detection of viruses. | efficient recovery of high quality rna is very important for successful rt-pcr detection of plant rna viruses. high levels of polyphenols and polysaccharides in plant tissues can irreversibly bind to and/or co-precipitate with rna, which influences rna isolation. in this study, a silica spin column-based rna isolation method was developed by using commercially available silica columns combined with the application of a tissue lysis solution, and binding and washing buffers with high concentratio ... | 2017 | 28583858 |
| characterization of phenolic composition in carignan noir grapes (vitis vinifera l.) from six wine-growing sites in maule valley, chile. | among chilean varieties, carignan noir has had a major resurgence due to its rediscovered wine quality potential. for this, the aim of this study was to characterize phenolic composition of grapes grown in six sites from the maule valley. | 2018 | 28585244 |
| variability in the content of trans-resveratrol, trans-ε-viniferin and r2-viniferin in grape cane of seven vitis vinifera l. varieties during a three-year study. | grape canes are a waste product from viticulture that show potential as an industrially extractable source of stilbenes, which are valuable for medical and other purposes. in this work, grape canes collected in three consecutive years (2014-2016) at six different places in south moravia, czech republic were extracted, and the contents of trans-resveratrol, trans-ε-viniferin, and r2-viniferin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. the study included three blue grape varieties ... | 2017 | 28587209 |
| controlled water deficit during ripening affects proanthocyanidin synthesis, concentration and composition in cabernet sauvignon grape skins. | the influence of controlled water deficit on the phenolic composition and gene expression of vvlar2, vvmybpa1, vvmybpa2 and vvmyb4a in cabernet sauvignon grape skins throughout ripening was investigated. the assay was carried out on own-rooted vitis vinifera plants cv. cabernet sauvignon in a commercial vineyard from veraison until commercial harvest. three irrigation regimes were used from veraison until harvest with the following treatments: t1: 3.6 mm day-1; t2: 1.8 mm day-1 and t3: 0.3 mm da ... | 2017 | 28587991 |
| a conserved carbon starvation response underlies bud dormancy in woody and herbaceous species. | plant shoot systems give rise to characteristic above-ground plant architectures. shoots are formed from axillary meristems and buds, whose growth and development is modulated by systemic and local signals. these cues convey information about nutrient and water availability, light quality, sink/source organ activity and other variables that determine the timeliness and competence to maintain development of new shoots. this information is translated into a local response, in meristems and buds, o ... | 2017 | 28588590 |
| date palm tree (phoenix dactylifera l.): natural products and therapeutic options. | many plants, including some of the commonly consumed herbs and spices in our daily food, can be safely and effectively used to prevent and/or treat some health concerns. for example, caffeine the active ingredient found in coffee beans (coffea), shows biological activity in the treatment of the central nervous system (cns) disorders, indole-3-carbinol, and 3,3'-diindolylmethane are both broccoli (brassica oleracea) derived phytochemicals with potential anti-cancer activity, and resveratrol, isol ... | 0 | 28588600 |
| phytoestrogen-rich natural preparation for treatment of climacteric syndrome and atherosclerosis prevention in perimenopausal women. | the present study evaluated the risks and benefits of phytoestrogen treatment in healthy perimenopausal women in relation to the dynamics of climacteric syndrome and progression of atherosclerosis. study participants were treated with placebo or phytoestrogen-rich natural preparation karinat based on grape (vitis vinifera) seeds, green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves, hop (hunulus lupulus) cone powder and garlic (allium sativum) powder. the dynamics of climacteric syndrome was evaluated by kupper ... | 2017 | 28593720 |
| abnormal endogenous repression of ga signaling in a seedless table grape cultivar with high berry growth response to ga application. | gibberellin (ga) application is routinely used in the table grape industry to increase berry size and cluster length. although grapevine cultivars show a wide range of growth responsiveness to ga3 application, the reasons for these differences is unclear. to shed light on this issue, two commercial grapevine cultivars with contrasting berry response to ga were selected for comparative analysis, in which we tested if the differences in response: (1) is organ-specific or cultivar-related; (2) will ... | 2017 | 28596775 |
| assessing spatial variability of grape skin flavonoids at the vineyard scale based on plant water status mapping. | plant water stress affects grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon) berry composition and is variable in space due to variations in the physical environment at the growing site. we monitored the natural variability of grapevine water stress by stem water potential (ψstem) and leaf gas exchange in an equi-distant grid in a commercial vineyard. spatial differences were measured and related to topographical variation by modeling. geospatial analysis and clustering allowed researchers to dif ... | 2017 | 28602091 |
| cluster shading modifies amino acids in grape (vitis vinifera l.) berries in a genotype- and tissue-dependent manner. | amino acid composition of the grape berry at harvest is important for wine making. the present study investigates the complex interplay between tissue, cultivar and light conditions that determine berry amino acid content. twenty amino acids were assessed in the berry skin and pulp of two grape cultivars (gamay noir and gamay fréaux), grown under either light exposure or cluster shading conditions. in all samples, cluster shading significantly reduced most amino acids, except gamma-aminobutyric ... | 2017 | 28610728 |
| targeted and untargeted high resolution mass approach for a putative profiling of glycosylated simple phenols in hybrid grapes. | vitis vinifera is one of the most widespread grapevines around the world representing the raw material for high quality wine production. the availability of more resistant interspecific hybrid vine varieties, developed from crosses between vitis vinifera and other vitis species, has generated much interest, also due to the low environmental effect of production. however, hybrid grape wine composition and varietal differences between interspecific hybrids have not been well defined, particularly ... | 2017 | 28610729 |
| comparison of fortified, sfursat, and passito wines produced from fresh and dehydrated grapes of aromatic black cv. moscato nero (vitis vinifera l.). | moscato nero d'acqui is an italian aromatic black winegrape variety characterized by a low content of anthocyanins (mostly tri-substituted), a satisfactory content of high molecular mass tannins, and a fair amount of terpenes. the grapes were subjected to a postharvest dehydration process under controlled thermohygrometric conditions (16-18°c, 55-70 rh%, 0.6m/s air speed) with the aim to produce three different special wine types (fortified, sfursat, and passito) from fresh, partially dehydrated ... | 2017 | 28610733 |
| impact of post-harvest ozone treatments on the skin phenolic extractability of red winegrapes cv barbera and nebbiolo (vitis vinifera l.). | recently the use of ozone as sanitizing agent has been proposed on winegrapes in order to control mycobiota after harvest. the aim of this work was to investigate possible indirect physico-chemical effects of ozone treatment on berry skin phenolic composition and extractability. vitis vinifera l. cv nebbiolo and barbera, chosen for their different anthocyanin profiles, were post-harvest treated for 24 and 72h with gaseous ozone (30μl/l). skin anthocyanin and flavanol extractability was assessed ... | 2017 | 28610734 |
| grape composition under abiotic constrains: water stress and salinity. | water stress and increasing soil salt concentration represent the most common abiotic constrains that exert a negative impact on mediterranean vineyards performance. however, several studies have proven that deficit irrigation strategies are able to improve grape composition. in contrast, irrigation with saline waters negatively affected yield and grape composition, although the magnitude of these effects depended on the cultivar, rootstock, phenological stage when water was applied, as well as ... | 0 | 28611795 |
| the recent importation of grapevine pinot gris virus into australia. | a total of 575 commercial grapevine (vitis vinifera) samples from australia have been tested for a newly emerging virus, grapevine pinot gris virus (trichovirus, betaflexiviridae) during 2015-2017. nine samples from two states tested positive. six of these were from new south wales and 3 from south australia in a total of eight varieties. all these varieties were imported from europe within the last 4-19 years. a fragment of 431 nucleotides on the coat protein gene of grapevine pinot gris virus ... | 2017 | 28612275 |