Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| new guidelines proposed for use of rsv immune globulin. | 1997 | 9143648 | |
| serum eosinophil cationic protein and interleukin-5 in children with bronchial asthma and acute bronchiolitis. | the aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical applicability of serum eosinophil cationic protein (ecp), interleukin-5 (il-5) and total eosinophil counts in childhood asthma and bronchiolitis. these parameters were measured in 44 children aged 12-84 months with moderate and mild asthma during symptomatic and asymptomatic phases of disease. fifteen of the patients were included at the time of admission to hospital due to an acute asthmatic attack, and ten of these were also examined one month ... | 1996 | 9151339 |
| t cell source of type 1 cytokines determines illness patterns in respiratory syncytial virus-infected mice. | manipulation of the cytokine microenvironment at the time of vaccination can influence immune responses to remote challenge, providing a strategy to study the molecular pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine-enhanced disease in the mouse model. although treatment with antibody against il-4 or recombinant il-12 (ril-12) at the time of formalin-inactivated rsv vaccination induced a similar shift in the pattern of cytokine mrna expression upon live virus challenge, anti-il-4 trea ... | 1997 | 9151790 |
| treatment of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: 1995 poll of members of the european society for paediatric infectious diseases. | among the lower respiratory tract infections during infancy requiring hospitalization, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is the most frequent disease entity. nevertheless treatment remains controversial. | 1997 | 9154540 |
| ribavirin therapy in bone marrow transplant recipients with viral respiratory tract infections. | treatment with ribavirin was instituted in 12 allogeneic and one autologous bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients with proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza b virus or parainfluenza virus infections. rsv was diagnosed in six cases, influenza b virus in four and parainfluenza virus in three patients. ribavirin was given orally or intravenously (15-20 mg/kg/day in three divided doses) and in nine cases with the addition of ribavirin inhalations (6 g/day). three patients required ve ... | 1997 | 9156264 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immunology. | 1996 | 9156738 | |
| cell-mediated immune responses of lambs to experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | primary infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was characterised by the presence of virus-specific cytotoxic cells in the peripheral blood as early as 5 days post-infection. these effector cells lysed virus-infected autologous targets in a self-restricted manner. depletion techniques revealed that cytotoxic activity was largely due to ovcd8+ cells. neutrophils obtained from experimentally infected lambs 5 to 10 days post-inoculation exhibited significant cytotoxic activ ... | 1996 | 9157688 |
| antigens of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in peripheral blood lymphocytes of experimentally infected lambs. | eight lambs were experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the distribution of viral antigen in lymphocyte subpopulations studied by flow cytometry. experimental infection with bovine rsv was characterised by significant changes in lymphocyte subpopulations. infection was followed by a significant (p <0.001) reduction in the number of cells expressing the ovcd5 epitope (t cells), due to a fall in the number of cells expressing the ovcd4 epitope (helper) and those ... | 1996 | 9157689 |
| immunoglobulin therapy in kawasaki syndrome and rsv prophylaxis. | kawasaki syndrome and rsv infection are common illnesses that afflict infants and young children. recent studies demonstrate that intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) treatment significantly reduces the clinical severity of these illnesses. the purpose of the current review will be initially to examine mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in ks and rsv infection. this will be followed by a discussion of the potential mechanisms by which ivig acts in these two illnesses. in both ks and rsv prophylaxis ... | 1996 | 9159245 |
| adjuvants influence the quantitative and qualitative immune response in balb/c mice immunized with respiratory syncytial virus fg subunit vaccine. | the ability of monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl), qs-21 and alum to alter the immunologic response to immunization with respiratory syncytial virus a chimeric fg construct (fg) subunit vaccine was examined in balb/c mice. fg/mpl, fg/alum, and fg/mpl/qs-21 combinations increased non-neutralizing antibody response, while fg/qs-21 did not. fg subunit vaccine with mpl, qs-21, or both had cytokine responses more closely resembling primary infection than fg/alum, with decreased interleukin-4 mrna levels an ... | 1997 | 9160520 |
| correction: rsv immune globulin intravenous. | 1997 | 9161671 | |
| restriction pattern variability of respiratory syncytial virus during three consecutive epidemics in denmark. | a pcr-based assay was used to distinguish between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) group a and b in order to analyze their prevalence in denmark in three consecutive epidemics during the winters of 1992/93, 1993/94 and 1994/95. a total of 96 rsv strains isolated from hospitalized children were examined, showing alternation of group prevalence. furthermore, the genetic variability of the rsv isolates was illustrated by restriction enzyme analysis of pcr products originating from a part of the f ... | 1997 | 9164473 |
| ribavirin and bronchiolitis: variation in use in the uk. | 1997 | 9166042 | |
| wheezing bronchitis reinvestigated at the age of 10 years. | we have reinvestigated 92/101 children aged 10, who before the age of 2 years were admitted to a paediatric ward due to wheezing bronchitis. at the present time, 70% are symptom-free without medication, 20% have mild asthma, 8% moderate and 2% severe asthma. persistent asthma correlated significantly to the presence of some other atopic disease in recent years, to early start of wheezing during infancy and to intense obstructive disease as a young child, while initial respiratory syncytial virus ... | 1997 | 9174218 |
| antibodies against chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, enteroviruses and respiratory syncytial virus in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. | to investigate the association between the onset of polymyalgia rheumatica (pmr) and prior or persistent infection with chlamydia pneumoniae or cytomegalovirus (cmv) (both known to infect the vessel wall) enteroviruses (ev) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 1997 | 9177926 |
| determinants and kinetics of cytokine expression patterns in lungs of vaccinated mice challenged with respiratory syncytial virus. | the development of a successful respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine will be advanced by an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of natural disease and vaccine-enhanced illness. using a murine model, we have examined cytokine message expression and cytokine secretion in lungs of mice primed with killed or live antigens and challenged with rsv. stable cytokine mrna expression was achieved if the prime-challenge interval was 2 weeks. the pattern of expression of interleukin-4 (il-4) and ... | 1997 | 9178456 |
| experimental infections with some pneumotropic viruses in the mouse. note ii. virological and pathomorphological aspects of experimental associated infections with parainfluenza virus, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in the mouse. | associated infections with long-strain parainfluenza virus type 3, adenovirus type 3 and respiratory syncytial virus were experimentally induced in white mice. they were pointed out by the appearance of homologous serum antibodies, positive if reactions in the pulmonary tissue, and histological, histochemical and histoenzymatic lesions, which were more severe than those of controls infected with single virus of those mentioned above, since they involved wider areas and had a high frequency. the ... | 1995 | 9179966 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: prevention and control in bone marrow transplant patients. | to assess the effectiveness of a multifaceted infection control strategy in limiting the nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection to patients in a bone marrow transplant (bmt) unit. | 1997 | 9181397 |
| [false-positive reactions in laboratory diagnosis of lassa, marburg, and ebola viral hemorrhagic fevers and aids]. | sera of normal subjects and aids patients living in minsk and odessa were tested for antibodies to hazardous viral infections lassa, marburg, and ebola. four to 16% of examinees were seropositive to ebola virus, 0.8 to 2.3% to lassa, and up to 0.8% to marburg virus. common b-epitopes were found in viruses belonging to different families: lassa, ebola, and hiv. antibodies specific to these viruses antigens were found in the reference sera to influenza a and b, respiratory syncytial virus, and ade ... | 1997 | 9182402 |
| [clinical, therapeutic and developmental aspects of acute bronchiolitis in tunisia]. | fourteen infants with severe acute bronchiolitis were admitted to the intensive care unit (icu) of tunis. this pathology represents 36% of severe bronchopulmonary infections admitted to this icu. their age ranged between 2 and 48 weeks (mean: 15 weeks). eight infants had hypotrophy. two infants had congenital heart disease and one infant had tracheo-bronchomalacia. viruses were found in 6/11 patients. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was identified in five patients and an adenovirus in one pati ... | 1996 | 9183423 |
| [drugs active against respiratory viruses]. | few molecules are active against respiratory viruses. in upper respiratory tract infections, which are frequent and fortunately not severe, their deficiency is not a problem. however some molecules are able to block in vitro the interaction between a rhinovirus and its receptor: anti-receptor antibodies, soluble icam-1, capsid-binding agents. the lower respiratory tract infections (bronchiolitis, pneumonia...), mainly due to respiratory syncytial virus and influenza viruses are potentially more ... | 1997 | 9183939 |
| phosphorylation of canine distemper virus p protein by protein kinase c-zeta and casein kinase ii. | transcription by nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses is mediated by the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase and transcriptional cofactor p. the p protein is activated by phosphorylation, an event initiated by cellular kinases. the kinase used differs among this group of rna viruses; vesicular stomatitis virus and respiratory syncytial virus utilize casein kinase ii (ckii), whereas human parainfluenza virus type 3 utilizes pkc isoform zeta (pkc-zeta) for activation of its p protein. to identi ... | 1997 | 9185603 |
| successful treatment of severe dysrhythmias in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections: two cases and a literature review. | to describe severe myocardial manifestations in two infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection and to review published literature reporting cardiac involvement in patients with respiratory syncytial virus disease. | 1997 | 9187611 |
| milk production and reproductive performance in dairy cows given bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine prior to parturition. | to assess the effect of vaccination against bovine respiratory syncytial virus on milk production, reproductive performance, and health in lactating dairy cows. | 1997 | 9187730 |
| communicable diseases surveillance. | 1997 | 9188219 | |
| analysis of the gene start and gene end signals of human respiratory syncytial virus: quasi-templated initiation at position 1 of the encoded mrna. | the gene start (gs) and gene end (ge) transcription signals of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain a2 were analyzed in helper-dependent monocistronic and dicistronic minireplicons which were complemented by a standard rsv strain. the gs signal, which is the start site for mrna synthesis, is highly conserved for the first nine genes: 3'-ccccguuua(u/c) (negative sense). this conserved version of the signal was analyzed by "saturation" mutagenesis, in which all 10 positions, as well as o ... | 1997 | 9188557 |
| biochemical characterizations of two temperature-sensitive and attenuated strains of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b. | cold-adapted, temperature-sensitive (ts), attenuated strains of respiratory syncytial virus have been developed from a b subgroup clinical isolate for potential use as vaccine candidates. the replication of two b subgroup ts mutant viruses (2b33f and 2b20l) at the permissive and nonpermissive temperatures have been compared with that of the parental 2b virus to establish differences that may account for their ts and/or attenuated phenotypes. we have shown that the ts restriction at 39 degrees c ... | 1997 | 9188559 |
| modulation of bovine t cell responses by il-12 and the influence of il-4 on interferon-gamma responses to respiratory syncytial virus. | 1997 | 9191335 | |
| transcriptional induction of multiple cytokines by human respiratory syncytial virus requires activation of nf-kappa b and is inhibited by sodium salicylate and aspirin. | infection of the lung epithelial cell line a549 by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) resulted in the elevated synthesis of multiple cellular cytokines, including a number of interleukins (ils). detailed studies of il-11 induction revealed that it required infection by viable virus and involved a net increase in the steady state level of il-11 mrna. nuclear run-on assays showed a direct effect of rsv on il-11 gene transcription. mutational analysis of the il-11 promoter fused to a reporter lucife ... | 1997 | 9191851 |
| incidence, etiologic pathogens, and diagnostic testing of community-acquired pneumonia. | determination of the etiologic pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia has been problematic because of the lack of reliable rapid laboratory diagnostic tools as well as the controversy concerning diagnostic criteria. in the studies reviewed here, a specific pathogen was identified in 39% to 88% of patients. streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. depending on the demographics of the study, between 2% to 43% of cases have been attributed to legion ... | 1997 | 9193852 |
| determination of the disulfide bond arrangement of human respiratory syncytial virus attachment (g) protein by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | the attachment protein or g protein of the a2 strain of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was digested with trypsin and the resultant peptides separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). one tryptic peptide produced a mass by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (maldi) time-of-flight (tof) mass spectrometry (ms) corresponding to residues 152-187 with the four cys residues of the ectodomain (residues 173, 176, 182, and 186) in disulfide linkage and abse ... | 1997 | 9194191 |
| a subtype-specific peptide-based enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibodies to the g protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is more sensitive than routine serological tests. | peptides deduced from the central conserved region (residues 158 to 189) of protein g of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) subtypes a and b were used as antigens in subtype-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (g-peptide elisas). these g-peptide elisas were compared with seven other serological assays to detect hrsv infection: elisas based on complete protein g, on fusion protein f, and on nucleoprotein n; a complement fixation assay; a virus neutralization test; and elisas for the ... | 1997 | 9196168 |
| il-12 treatment attenuates t helper cell type 2 and b cell responses but does not improve vaccine-enhanced lung illness. | in humans and mice, sensitization to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) ags can result in severe inflammatory lung disease during subsequent infection with rsv. although specific antiviral t cells are thought to be responsible for this augmentation of disease, the precise roles of different functional subsets are unknown, and no protective nonpathogenic subset has been defined. balb/c mice sensitized to the major surface glycoprotein of rsv (g) expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus develop th2- ... | 1997 | 9200470 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection results in airway hyperresponsiveness and enhanced airway sensitization to allergen. | viral respiratory infections can predispose to the development of asthma by mechanisms that are presently undetermined. using a murine model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, acute infection is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness as well as enhanced responses to subsequent sensitization to allergen. we demonstrate that acute viral infection results in increased airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine and pulmonary neutrophilic and eosinophilic inflammation. this respon ... | 1997 | 9202075 |
| prevalence of antibodies against respiratory viruses (parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus, reovirus and adenovirus) in relation to productivity in syrian awassi sheep. | awassi sheep sera from all the provinces of the syrian arab republic were tested for rsv, p13, reo and adeno viruses (iif and agid tests). rsv was the most prevalent infection with 63.6% of samples seropositive, followed by reo, p13 and adenovirus with seroprevalences of 27.3%, 24% and 8.1% respectively. animals were more frequently infected by rsv alone. mixed infections were also identified but the occurrence was not high. the rsv and reo virus infections occurred more frequently when transhum ... | 1997 | 9203308 |
| baculovirus expression of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein using trichoplusia ni insect cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major viral pathogen responsible for severe respiratory tract infections in infants, young children, and the elderly. the rsv fusion (f) protein is highly conserved among rsv subgroups a and b and is the major protective immunogen. a genetically-engineered version of the rsv f protein was produced in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. to express a secreted form of this protein, the transmembrane domain was eliminated by removing the regio ... | 1997 | 9208456 |
| adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in chronic sinusitis using polymerase chain reaction. | the aim of this study is to investigate the role of adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in chronic sinusitis using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to assay for the viruses. pcr has proved to be more sensitive and specific than viral cultures and immunoassays in the detection of viruses. adenovirus and rsv are among the most common viruses to cause upper respiratory tract infections. sinus mucosa biopsies from 20 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were sterilely collect ... | 1997 | 9217132 |
| the temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype of a cold-passaged (cp) live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate, designated cpts530, results from a single amino acid substitution in the l protein. | cpts530, a candidate live-virus vaccine, is an attenuated strain of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). it was derived by subjecting a cold-passaged (cp) strain of rsv to a single round of chemical mutagenesis. cpts530 is a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant that is attenuated in mice and chimpanzees, and its ts phenotype exhibits a high level of stability during replication in both species. in the present study, the complete nucleotide sequence of cpts530 rsv was determined. the five mutati ... | 1997 | 9223470 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: not just for kids. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) earned its reputation as a pediatric pathogen, especially in children under two years of age. rsv infection in adults was considered a significant problem only for certain high-risk populations. evidence now indicates that the infection occurs frequently in previously healthy adults. clinical presentation varies greatly. | 1997 | 9227660 |
| etiology and response to antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in french children. | the aim of this study was to determine the etiologic agents associated with community-acquired pneumonia in 104 french children ages 18 months to 13 years. potential respiratory pathogens were identified in 87 (85%) cases; these included respiratory syncytial virus in ten, other viruses in 20, streptococcus pneumoniae in 14 and mycoplasma pneumoniae (diagnosed by serologic procedures) in 43. of 32 patients with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection who were initially treated with beta-lactam antibioti ... | 1997 | 9228482 |
| cross-reactive and group-specific immune responses to a neutralizing epitope of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | immune responses to a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino-acids 205-225 of the fusion protein from group b respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, were studied in mice and rabbits, and compared to a similar peptide from group a rs virus. peptide 205-225 (b) was recognized by monoclonal antibody rs-348, and was immunogenic in both mice and rabbits, as was peptide 205-225 from the fusion protein of a group a strain. peptide 205-225 (b) induced a proliferative t-cell response, demonstrating the exis ... | 1997 | 9228999 |
| heparin-dependent attachment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) to host cells. | in this study we could demonstrate that heparin (ed50 = 0.32 +/- 0.12 microgram/ml), but not heparan sulphate or chondroitin sulphate c is able to inhibit in vitro infection of cells by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). in addition, this protective effect of heparin could only be observed, when heparin was present at the time of inoculation. enzymatic digestion of cell surface glycosaminoglycans with heparinase and heparitinase, but not chondroitin sulphate abc lyase reduced the effectiveness o ... | 1997 | 9229012 |
| cost-effectiveness of respigam at a university teaching hospital. | 1997 | 9229713 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants is associated with predominant th-2-like response. | viral infections have been associated with cellular immune responses and production of th-1 cytokines. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), however, induces virus-specific ige, which might be a consequence of a th-2-like activation. to test this hypothesis we quantified interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and interleukin-4 (il-4) in the supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured for 24 and 48 h in the presence or absence of phytohemaglutinin and pokeweed mitogen and the lymphocyte phenoty ... | 1997 | 9230746 |
| acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in kuwait. | the features of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infections in 390 children are described. half (50%) presented with bronchiolitis, 37% with pneumonia and 13% with croup. respiratory syncytial virus was the commonest agent identified (52% of bronchiolitis, 29% of pneumonia, 51% of croup). positive bacterial blood cultures were obtained in 10% of the patients, all except one with pneumonia. fever (> 39 degrees c), a toxic ill look, bronchial breathing, wcc > 20 x 10(9)/l, neutroph ... | 1997 | 9230975 |
| tobacco and children. an economic evaluation of the medical effects of parental smoking. | to determine the economic influence of pediatric disease attributable to parental smoking. | 1997 | 9232036 |
| peptide mimics of a conformationally constrained protective epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | to identify peptides that mimic (mimotopesi conformational and protective epitopes of rsv fusion protein and to assess their efficacy as immunogens and potential vaccines. | 1997 | 9232419 |
| the cost of not breastfeeding: a commentary. | breastfeeding, a valuable natural resource, promotes health, helps prevent infant and childhood disease, and saves health care costs. additional annual national health care costs, incurred for treatment of four medical conditions in infant who were not breastfed were estimated. infant diarrhea in nonbreastfed infants costs $291.3 million; respiratory syncytial virus, $225 million; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, from $9.6 to $124.8 million; and otitis media, $660 million. thus, these four m ... | 1997 | 9233193 |
| protective immune responses induced by the immunization of mice with a recombinant bacteriophage displaying an epitope of the human respiratory syncytial virus. | we investigated whether a recombinant bacteriophage displaying a disease-specific protective epitope could be experimentally used as a vaccine to confer protection of immunized animals against infection. we genetically engineered a recombinant phage, fd, displaying at its surface a chimeric piii coat protein fused to the previously identified protective epitope 173-187 from the glycoprotein g of the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). a selected recombinant fd phage elicited a strong immune ... | 1997 | 9234952 |
| virus-specific cd8+ t lymphocytes downregulate t helper cell type 2 cytokine secretion and pulmonary eosinophilia during experimental murine respiratory syncytial virus infection. | t lymphocytes play a pivotal role in the immune response during viral infections. in a murine model of experimental respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, mice sensitized to either of the two major glycoproteins of rsv develop distinct patterns of cytokine secretion and lung inflammation upon subsequent rsv infection. mice sensitized to rsv-g (attachment) glycoprotein exhibit a strong interleukin (il)-4 and il-5 response and develop pulmonary eosinophilia, whereas mice sensitized to rsv-f ... | 1997 | 9236194 |
| risk factors for higher cost in congenital heart operations. | for many congenital heart defects, hospital mortality is no longer a sensitive parameter by which to measure outcome. although hospital survival rates are now excellent for a wide variety of lesions, many patients require expensive and extensive hospital-based services during the perioperative period to enable their convalescence. these services can substantially increase the cost of care delivery. in today's managed care environment, it would be useful if risk factors for higher cost could be i ... | 1997 | 9236333 |
| [apropos of a case of respiratory syncytial virus broncho-alveolitis]. | 1997 | 9238429 | |
| efficacy of beta2-agonists in bronchiolitis: a reappraisal and meta-analysis. | to evaluate the efficacy of beta2-agonists in bronchiolitis. | 1997 | 9240805 |
| immunoprophylaxis and the control of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | 1997 | 9240809 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia ventilated with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. | four infants below 6 months of age with proven respiratory syncytial virus infection in need of assisted mechanical ventilation were successfully treated by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. one of the four infants fulfilled the criteria for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation before the start of oscillation, and one on the second day on high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. however, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was not needed in any of the infants. all survived, and three appeare ... | 1997 | 9240889 |
| randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of prednisolone in children admitted to hospital with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | experimental and clinical evidence suggests that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is an immune mediated disease. corticosteroids might therefore be effective in the treatment of rsv bronchiolitis. | 1997 | 9246136 |
| macrophages and respiratory viruses. | this review highlights some of the interactions between alveolar macrophages and human/swine influenza a viruses, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), bovine parainfluenza type-3 (pi-3) virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). in influenza a infection, macrophage-cytokines are believed to mediate the typical constitutional effects and inflammation in the respiratory tract. the same cytokines possibly play a role in influenz ... | 1997 | 9247041 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenzavirus 3, adenovirus and rhinovirus sequences in respiratory tract of infants by polymerase chain reaction and hybridization. | immunofluorescence assay (ifa) of viral antigens in nasal aspirates is largely used for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenzavirus (piv) type 3 and adenovirus (adv) infections, whilst rhinovirus (rv) are detected by virus isolation technique (vit) only. using the two techniques, ifa and vit, a significant number of specimens remain negative in spite of clinical and epidemiological presumptions of viral infection. | 1997 | 9248656 |
| monoclonal antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus for rapid detection and subgroup determination. | thirty-one hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against structural proteins of rsv subgroup a (long strain) and rsv subgroup b (japanese wild strain) were produced and separated into three groups by their reactivities with rsv-a and rsv-b using ifa. group i was specific to rsv-a, group ii was specific to rsv-b and group iii was specific to both subgroups. characterization of selected two mabs from each group indicated that three mabs recognized phosphoprotein (p) and the others reco ... | 1996 | 9253866 |
| respigam/prevent study questioned. | 1997 | 9254383 | |
| economic evaluation of respiratory syncytial virus infection in canadian children: a pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada (picnic) study. | to quantify the cost and distribution of health care resources consumed annually in management of canadian children from birth to 4 years of age with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 1997 | 9255201 |
| association between pronounced iga response in rsv bronchiolitis and development of allergic sensitization. | forty-five children who had been hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) at a mean age of 4 months, and 90 matched control children, were tested for occurrence of rsv antibodies at one year of age. of the children who had suffered from bronchiolitis, forty had demonstrable igg antibodies, whereas the remaining five only had iga antibodies against rsv. in the control group, 42% were rsv seropositive. the anti-rsv iga antibody titres tended to be higher in patie ... | 1997 | 9260211 |
| priming with live respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prevents the enhanced pulmonary inflammatory response seen after rsv challenge in balb/c mice immunized with formalin-inactivated rsv. | to investigate enhanced disease associated with a formalin-inactivated (fi) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine, we studied the pulmonary inflammatory response to rsv in balb/c mice immunized with live rsv, fi-rsv, or combinations of the two. after rsv challenge, the number of granular cells, the ratio of cd4+/cd8+ lymphocytes, and the level of th2-like cytokine mrnas in the bronchoalveolar lavage specimens in mice immunized first with live rsv and then with fi-rsv were lower than that in ... | 1997 | 9261421 |
| surfactant dysfunction develops in balb/c mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | recent reports suggest an important role for pulmonary surfactant in maintaining the patency of narrow conducting airways. the hypothesis that surfactant dysfunction is an important factor in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was tested in a mouse model. mice, inoculated with either a low or a high dose of rsv, were subjected to bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), and the fluids were analyzed for percentage of inflammatory cells and concentrations of proteins and phospholipids. after concent ... | 1997 | 9262218 |
| efficacy of metered-dose inhaler administration of albuterol in intubated infants. | to compare the safety and efficacy of metered-dose inhaler (mdi) albuterol to nebulized (neb) albuterol administration. | 1997 | 9266888 |
| analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus envelope glycoproteins in cell fusion. | to compare the requirements for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-mediated cell fusion, the fusion (f), attachment (g) and small hydrophobic (sh) glycoproteins of bovine rsv (brsv), ovine rsv (orsv) and human rsv (hrsv) were expressed individually or coexpressed in either homologous or heterologous combinations in hela cells, using the vaccinia virus-t7 polymerase transient expression system. cell fusion was examined by a reporter gene activation assay. although the expression of the f protein a ... | 1997 | 9266983 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine (pfp-2) in the institutionalized elderly. | the safety and immunogenicity of purified fusion protein (pfp-2) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine was evaluated in an open label study in 37 frail institutionalized persons over age 65. vaccination was well tolerated without significant side-effects. thirty-six of 37 volunteers completed the study. nineteen of 36 (53%) vaccinees had a greater than or equal to fourfold increase in igg to f protein at 4 weeks and 17 (47%) had a greater than or equal to fourfold rise in neutralizing titers ... | 1997 | 9269057 |
| prevalence of respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae in sputum samples from unselected adult patients. | sputum samples from adult patients are routinely used for bacteriological tests, but not for the diagnosis of viral/mycoplasmal infections. we examined 511 sputum samples submitted for bacterial tests from patients at the royal adelaide hospital. each specimen was tested directly (and after six days of cell culture amplification) for antigens to influenza a and b, parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and mycoplasma pneumoniae. respiratory viruses or m. pneumoni ... | 1997 | 9271022 |
| methods for estimating serological correlates of protection. | 1997 | 9272362 | |
| inflammatory cells and activation markers in bal during acute rejection and infection in lung transplant recipients: a prospective, longitudinal study. | acute rejection of the transplanted lung is a clinical problem, since it decreases graft survival and predisposes the patient to chronic rejection and obliterative bronchiolitis (ob). in an earlier study, we had indications that eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) from activated eosinophils and hyaluronan (hya) from fibroblasts were associated with acute pulmonary rejection. this prospective longitudinal study was designed to investigate whether molecules from activated inflammatory cells in bronc ... | 1997 | 9272913 |
| a monoclonal antibody pool for routine immunohistochemical detection of human respiratory syncytial virus antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. | four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) with specificities for epitopes on human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) proteins preserved after formalin fixation and paraffin embedding were identified in fixed and embedded virus-infected hep-2 cell pellets. the mabs bound epitopes on the fusion protein, the nucleoprotein, the phosphoprotein, and the m2 protein of the virus. following high-temperature antigen unmasking, immunohistochemical staining revealed rsv antigens in the lungs of five of seven childr ... | 1997 | 9274537 |
| membrane permeability changes induced in escherichia coli by the sh protein of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the small hydrophobic (sh) protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) has been efficiently expressed in escherichia coli. in analogy to small hydrophobic proteins encoded by other rna viruses, membrane permeability changes to low-molecular-weight compounds were detected in bacteria expressing hrsv sh protein. these changes implied, at least, the entry of both the protein synthesis inhibitor hygromycin b and the beta-galactoside substrate o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside and the ex ... | 1997 | 9281514 |
| [ribavirin in the treatment of bronchiolitis caused by syncytial respiratory virus]. | the aim of this study was to evaluate ribavirin therapy for acute bronchiolitis caused by viral syncytial respiratory infection. | 1997 | 9290254 |
| challenge of balb/c mice with respiratory syncytial virus does not enhance the th2 pathway induced after immunization with a recombinant g fusion protein, bbg2na, in aluminum hydroxide. | the polypeptide of aa 130-230 of the g protein (g2na) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was fused to bb, the albumin-binding region of streptococcal g protein, producing bbg2na, which induced protective immune responses in rodent models. evaluation of the immune response in mice immunized with bbg2na in the adjuvant alhydrogel revealed high amounts of interleukin (il)-5 and some il-4 in splenocytes restimulated in vitro. this is compatible with a th2 response. the activation of the th2 pathwa ... | 1997 | 9291300 |
| [clinical and epidemiological survey of rsv infection in infants]. | a prospective study was performed to assess the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of rsv infections in hospitalized infants. | 1997 | 9297426 |
| increased expression of the n protein of respiratory syncytial virus stimulates minigenome replication but does not alter the balance between the synthesis of mrna and antigenome. | a popular model for rna synthesis by nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses is that transcription and rna replication are executed by the same polymerase complex and that there is a dynamic balance between the two processes that is mediated by the nucleocapsid n protein. according to this model, transcription occurs until sufficient soluble n protein accumulates to initiate encapsidation of the nascent rna product, which somehow switches the polymerase into a readthrough replicative mode. this ... | 1997 | 9299631 |
| molecular characterization of an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (subgroup a) in havana, cuba, by monoclonal antibodies and restriction mapping (n gene). | twenty-one respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strains isolated from one outbreak in havana, cuba (1994 to 1995), were analyzed to determine their relatedness. all isolated strains were classified as subgroup a by monoclonal antibodies. of 21 rsv strains examined, 20 were classified as having restriction pattern np4 and only 1 was classified as having restriction pattern np5. | 1997 | 9302221 |
| immunization with a peptide derived from the g glycoprotein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) reduces the incidence of brsv-associated pneumonia in the natural host. | previous reports demonstrate that synthetic peptides corresponding to the amino acid region 174-187 of g glycoprotein from subgroups a and b human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), containing a cys-->ser substitution at position 186, confer complete resistance to immunized balb/c mice against infection with the respective virus. in this report, we show that a cys186-->ser substituted peptide (bg/174-187) representing the corresponding region of the bovine (b) rsv g glycoprotein conferred compl ... | 1997 | 9302749 |
| rsv-igiv therapy: a cost/benefit analysis. | 1997 | 9304108 | |
| effect of rapid viral diagnosis on the management of children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection. | although rapid viral tests are commonly used in children with lower respiratory tract infection, their effect on patient management has not been studied. | 1997 | 9306477 |
| the incidence of respiratory tract infection in adults requiring hospitalization for asthma. | acute respiratory tract infections (rti) are known to worsen asthma particularly in children. there are few studies in adults assessing the incidence of rti in patients hospitalized with acute asthma. | 1997 | 9315789 |
| cytokine- and virus-stimulated airway smooth muscle cells produce il-11 and other il-6-type cytokines. | inflammation and smooth muscle abnormalities coexist in human airway disorders, and inflammation modulates the proliferative and contractile properties of airway smooth muscle cells. to determine whether human airway smooth muscle (hasm) cells have the ability to regulate local inflammatory processes, we characterized the interleukin (il)-6-type cytokine production of hasm cells in vitro. we demonstrated that hasm cells are potent producers of il-11 when stimulated with il-1 or transforming grow ... | 1997 | 9316501 |
| nasal cpap treatment in an infant with respiratory syncytial virus-associated apnea. | 1997 | 9330419 | |
| analysis of respiratory syncytial virus in clinical samples by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction restriction mapping. | the aim of this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genomes. the primers were designed from published sequences and selected from conserved regions of the genome encoding for the n protein of subgroups a and b of rsv. pcr was applied to 20 specimens from children admitted to the respiratory ward of "william soler" pediatric hospital in havana city with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis. the pcr was compared with viral ... | 1997 | 9332606 |
| protective immunity against respiratory syncytial virus in early life after murine maternal or neonatal vaccination with the recombinant g fusion protein bbg2na. | maternal and neonatal immunization were evaluated for their capacity to induce protective immunity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infections in early life. murine models were studied by use of a novel recombinant vaccine candidate, designated bbg2na, which was derived in part from the rsv (long) g protein. maternal immunization resulted in the passive transfer of high levels of rsv-a antibodies to the offspring, which protected them from rsv challenge for up to ... | 1997 | 9333145 |
| contribution of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 alpha on the production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in a murine macrophage cell line, raw264.7. | the production of several inflammatory cytokines, such as murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (mip-2), tumor necrosis factor (tnf), and interleukin (il)-1, was investigated in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in a murine macrophage cell line, raw264.7, with special reference to mutual relation of their productions. the kinetics of mip-2 production showed a trend for a biphasic pattern, that is, mip-2 levels became detectable from 2 h postinfection (p.i.) and increased ... | 1997 | 9334925 |
| home-based immunoglobulin therapy reduces incidence of neonatal rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are responsible for more than 90,000 hospitalizations and 4500 infant and childhood deaths each year. rsv infection, which peaks between january and march, can cause respiratory problems, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia, in children younger than 2 years old. | 1997 | 9335686 |
| allergic sensitization increases airway reactivity in guinea pigs with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes acute bronchiolitis in children and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent wheezing and asthma. however, few children exposed to rsv experience acute bronchiolitis or its sequelae, suggesting a subgroup of susceptible children. an allergic diathesis may predispose children to subsequent airway disease. | 1997 | 9338543 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in lactating cows. | 1997 | 9342090 | |
| current status of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) vaccine development: memorandum from a joint who/niaid meeting. | a joint who/national institute of allergy and infectious diseases (niaid) meeting on the current status of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) vaccine development was held in bethesda, md, from 30 september to 1 october 1996. the meeting summarized the worldwide impact of rsv and piv3; presented the current status of development of rsv and piv3 vaccines; and examined the applications of recombinant dna technology to the development and characterization of vacc ... | 1997 | 9342889 |
| overexpression of interleukin-4 delays virus clearance in mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | although interleukin-4 (il-4) expression has been implicated in vaccine-enhanced respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease, its role in mediating the immune response to primary rsv infection remains unclear. to assess the effect of il-4 production on typical rsv infection, transgenic mice which either overexpress or fail to express il-4 were challenged intranasally with rsv and their responses were compared to those of the parent strains. il-4-deficient mice eliminated virus from the lung as qui ... | 1997 | 9343225 |
| role of envelope glycoproteins of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in cell fusion. | to investigate the requirements for bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) cell fusion, the fusion (f), the attachment (g) and the small hydrophobic (sh) glycoproteins were expressed individually or coexpressed, using the vaccinia virus-t7 polymerase transient expression system. the contribution of individual glycoproteins in cell fusion was studied by a reporter gene activation assay. activation of a reporter gene, beta-galactosidase, was assessed by colorimetric assay of detergent cell lysa ... | 1997 | 9343948 |
| simplified, rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus from clinical specimens. | dot elisa was compared with rt-pcr and tissue culture to detect rsv from nasopharyngeal aspirates. dot elisa had diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 65.62% and 93.92%, respectively. the results indicate that dot elisa can be used for screening detection of rsv from clinical specimens and is suitable for small laboratories in the provincial areas of developing countries. | 1997 | 9346274 |
| antigenic structure, evolution and immunobiology of human respiratory syncytial virus attachment (g) protein. | 1997 | 9349459 | |
| antigenic structure of the human respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein and relevance of hypermutation events for the generation of antigenic variants. | a set of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the attachment (g) glycoprotein of a recently isolated strain of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is described. antibody reactivity with a series of hrsv isolates belonging to antigenic groups a and b identified three epitope categories: (i) strain-specific or variable epitopes that were present in a limited set of viruses from the same antigenic group, (ii) group-specific epitopes shared by viruses from the same antigenic group and (iii ... | 1997 | 9349460 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus nucleic acid in archival postmortem tissue from infants. | archival lung tissue from 99 cases of sudden infant death syndrome (sids) and from 58 matched comparison cases with known causes of death was studied. sections were examined by in situ hybridization (ish) using a cocktail of three synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences chosen from the published sequence of the nucleoprotein gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rs virus). the oligonucleotides were end-labelled with dinitrophenyl (dnp) or digoxigenin (dig) and hybrids were detected immunocytoch ... | 1997 | 9353832 |
| systemic and local immune responses of four cases with lower respiratory tract illness due to reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus. | four infants and children who had tracheobronchitis or bronchiolitis by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) reinfection were presented. their clinical features, systemic and local immune reactions to rsv were compared with those of eleven age-matched patients who had lower respiratory tract illness with primary rsv infection. moderate antibody activities in their nasopharyngeal secretions and sera which were comparable to those of convalescent phase of primary infection were observed within severa ... | 1997 | 9354358 |
| development of a humanized monoclonal antibody (medi-493) with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | neutralizing polyclonal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been shown to be an effective prophylactic agent when administered intravenously in high-risk infants. this study describes the generation of a humanized monoclonal antibody, medi-493, that recognizes a conserved neutralizing epitope on the f glycoprotein of rsv. the affinity of medi-493 was found to be equal to or slightly better than an isotype-matched chimeric derivative of the parent antibody. in plaque reduction, micr ... | 1997 | 9359721 |
| influence of maternal infections with viral agents or toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy on fetal ige production. | the importance of maternal infections with toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus (cmv), parvovirus b19, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza a and b on fetal ige synthesis was studied in 153 pregnant women. no case of specific igm activity or viral dna in cord blood, indicating a congenital infection, was found. from gestational week 15 to delivery, maternal igg-ab seroconversion to parvovirus b19, rsv, influenza a, or influenza b occurred in 47 women. at delivery, serologic signs of pa ... | 1997 | 9360748 |
| does breast feeding protect against non-gastric infections? | there is convincing evidence that breast-feeding is protective against gastro-enteritis and diarrhoea, but for other infections the situation is less clear cut. there is evidence that breast-fed infants are at increased risk of one infection (infant botulism). they are probably not significantly protected from upper respiratory tract infections (other than otitis media.), but they may be at a decreased risk of lower respiratory tract infections, particularly those associated with respiratory syn ... | 1997 | 9363420 |