Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| the rfae gene from escherichia coli encodes a bifunctional protein involved in biosynthesis of the lipopolysaccharide core precursor adp-l-glycero-d-manno-heptose. | the intermediate steps in the biosynthesis of the adp-l-glycero-d-manno-heptose precursor of inner core lipopolysaccharide (lps) are not yet elucidated. we isolated a mini-tn10 insertion that confers a heptoseless lps phenotype in the chromosome of escherichia coli k-12. the mutation was in a gene homologous to the previously reported rfae gene from haemophilus influenzae. the e. coli rfae gene was cloned into an expression vector, and an in vitro transcription-translation experiment revealed a ... | 2000 | 10629197 |
| helicobacter pylori uptake and efflux: basis for intrinsic susceptibility to antibiotics in vitro. | we previously demonstrated (m. m. exner, p. doig, t. j. trust, and r. e. w. hancock, infect. immun. 63:1567-1572, 1995) that helicobacter pylori has at least one nonspecific porin, hope, which has a low abundance in the outer membrane but forms large channels. h. pylori is relatively susceptible to most antimicrobial agents but less susceptible to the polycationic antibiotic polymyxin b. we demonstrate here that h. pylori is able to take up higher basal levels of the hydrophobic fluorescent prob ... | 2000 | 10639345 |
| antibiotic resistance in campylobacter strains isolated from animals, foods, and humans in spain in 1997-1998. | colonization by campylobacter strains was investigated in human, broiler, and pig fecal samples from 1997-1998, as well as in foods of animal origin, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out for these strains. campylobacter strains were isolated in the foods of animal origin (55 of 101 samples; 54.4%), intestinal samples from broilers (85 of 105; 81%), and pigs (40 of 45; 88.9%). a total of 641 campylobacter strains were isolated from 8,636 human fecal samples of clinical origin (7. ... | 2000 | 10639348 |
| expression and immunogenicity of hemagglutinin a from porphyromonas gingivalis in an avirulent salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strain. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a major etiologic agent of periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease that ultimately results in the loss of the supporting tissues of the teeth. previous work has demonstrated the usefulness of avirulent salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains as antigen delivery systems for protective antigens of pathogens that colonize or cross mucosal surfaces. in this study, we constructed and characterized a recombinant s. enterica serovar typhimurium avirulent vaccin ... | 2000 | 10639440 |
| helicobacter felis infection is associated with lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and mild gastritis but normal gastric secretory function in cats. | the relationship of helicobacter felis, a bacterium observed in the stomachs of cats, to gastric disease is unclear. the objective of this study was to determine if h. felis infection alters gastric histopathology, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and secretory function and evokes a humoral immune response in cats. five specific-pathogen-free (spf) helicobacter-free cats were studied before and for 1 year after oral inoculation with h. felis (atcc 49179). four spf h. felis-uninfected cats se ... | 2000 | 10639446 |
| functional conservation of the polysaccharide biosynthetic protein wbpm and its homologues in pseudomonas aeruginosa and other medically significant bacteria. | wbpm is a highly conserved protein involved in synthesis of the o antigens of pseudomonas aeruginosa. homologues of this protein have been identified in a large number of bacteria, and they can be divided into two subfamilies: subfamily 1, including wbpm, contains large proteins ( approximately 600 amino acids), while subfamily 2, typified by hp0840 (flaa1) of helicobacter pylori, contains smaller proteins ( approximately 350 amino acids) homologous to the c termini of proteins in subfamily 1. a ... | 2000 | 10639466 |
| 'infectious web'. | the infection-related web-sites discussed in this issue include sites on the campylobacter jejuni genome, toxoplasma-expressed sequence tags (ests), salmonella infections, the history and biology of tuberculosis, both dna and rna vaccines, and interactions between cytomegalovirus and antibodies. | 1999 | 10639658 |
| fate of campylobacter jejuni in butter. | an outbreak of campylobacter enteritis was associated with a restaurant in louisiana during the summer of 1995. thirty cases were identified, and four required hospitalization. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from the patients, and epidemiologic studies revealed illness associated with eating garlic butter served at the restaurant. three batches of garlic butter prepared by the restaurant associated with the outbreak and a c. jejuni isolate obtained from a patient involved in the outbreak were ... | 2000 | 10643781 |
| fragmentation of 23s rrna in strains of proteus and providencia results from intervening sequences in the rrn (rrna) genes. | intervening sequences (ivss) were originally identified in the rrl genes for 23s rrna (rrl genes, for large ribosomal subunit, part of rrn operon encoding rrna) of salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium lt2 and arizonae. these sequences are transcribed but later removed during rnase iii processing of the rrna, resulting in fragmentation of the 23s species; ivss are uncommon, but have been reported in at least 10 bacterial genera. through pcr amplification of ivs-containing regions of the rrl g ... | 2000 | 10648538 |
| combined acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and acute motor axonal neuropathy after vaccination for hepatitis a and infection with campylobacter jejuni. | 1999 | 10653319 | |
| in situ analysis of sulfate-reducing bacteria related to desulfocapsa thiozymogenes in the chemocline of meromictic lake cadagno (switzerland). | comparative sequence analysis of a 16s rrna gene clone library from the chemocline of the meromictic lake cadagno (switzerland) retrieved two clusters of sequences resembling sulfate-reducing bacteria within the family desulfovibrionaceae. in situ hybridization showed that, similar to sulfate-reducing bacteria of the family desulfobacteriaceae, bacteria of one cluster with similarity values to the closest cultured relatives of between 92.6 and 93.1% resembled free cells or cells loosely attached ... | 2000 | 10653757 |
| pig and goat blood as substitutes for sheep blood in blood-supplemented agar media. | in many developing countries sheep and horse blood, the recommended blood supplements in bacteriological media, are not readily available, whereas pig and goat blood are. therefore, this study examined the use of pig and goat blood as potential substitutes for sheep blood in blood-supplemented bacteriologic media commonly used in clinical microbiology laboratories. in general, the growth characteristics and colony morphologies of a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and candida albican ... | 2000 | 10655351 |
| genetic characterization of campylobacter jejuni o:41 isolates in relation with guillain-barré syndrome. | campylobacter jejuni o:41 strains are found in association with guillain-barré syndrome in south africa. strains of this serotype collected over 17 years were characterized by amplified fragment length polymorphism and flagellin typing to determine their clonal nature. despite minor variation in gm1 expression, all of the strains were genetically indistinguishable, indicating that they are representative of a genetically stable clone. | 2000 | 10655404 |
| biosynthesis of terpenoids: ychb protein of escherichia coli phosphorylates the 2-hydroxy group of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2c-methyl-d-erythritol. | a comparative analysis of all published complete genomes indicated that the putative orthologs of the unannotated ychb gene of escherichia coli follow the distribution of the dxs, dxr, and ygbp genes, which have been shown to specify enzymes of the deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway of terpenoid biosynthesis, thus suggesting that the hypothetical ychb protein also is involved in that pathway. to test this hypothesis, the e. coli ychb gene was expressed in a homologous host. the recombinant protein ... | 2000 | 10655484 |
| identification of proteins required for the internalization of campylobacter jejuni into cultured mammalian cells. | clinical and in vitro experimental data suggest that invasion of intestinal epithelial cells is an essential step in the pathogenesis of campylobacter jejuni-mediated enteritis. however, the molecular mechanism of c. jejuni internalization remains poorly defined. the goal of this study was to identify a gene that encodes a protein required for the internalization of c. jejuni into host cells. a c. jejuni gene, designated ciab, was identified upon immunoscreening c. jejuni genomic dna-phage libra ... | 1999 | 10659361 |
| secretion of campylobacter jejuni cia proteins is contact dependent. | campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of human gastrointestinal disease worldwide. despite the prevalence of c. jejuni infections, the mechanisms of c. jejuni pathogenesis remain ill-defined. invasion of the cells lining the intestinal tract is hypothesized to be essential for the development of c. jejuni-mediated enteritis. recent studies in our laboratory have revealed that c. jejuni secrete proteins, termed cia for campylobacter invasion antigens, upon incubation with human intestinal cells. ... | 1999 | 10659362 |
| codon usage in the a/t-rich bacterium campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a gram negative, microaerophilic pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans. the genome of c. jejuni is at-rich, with a mol% g + c of 30.4. this high at content was hypothesized to result in unique codon usage. in the present study, we analyzed the codon usage of sixty-seven c. jejuni genes and generated a codon frequency table. as predicted, the codon usage of c. jejuni revealed a strong bias towards codons ending in a or u. in addition to determining codon usage fre ... | 1999 | 10659363 |
| biosynthesis of ganglioside mimics in campylobacter jejuni oh4384. identification of the glycosyltransferase genes, enzymatic synthesis of model compounds, and characterization of nanomole amounts by 600-mhz (1)h and (13)c nmr analysis. | we have applied two strategies for the cloning of four genes responsible for the biosynthesis of the gt1a ganglioside mimic in the lipooligosaccharide (los) of a bacterial pathogen, campylobacter jejuni oh4384, which has been associated with guillain-barré syndrome. we first cloned a gene encoding an alpha-2, 3-sialyltransferase (cst-i) using an activity screening strategy. we then used nucleotide sequence information from the recently completed sequence from c. jejuni nctc 11168 to amplify a re ... | 2000 | 10660542 |
| development of a m-pcr assay for simultaneous identification of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli. | multiplex pcr assay (m-pcr) with three sets of primers was developed for simultaneous identification of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli. poultry faecal samples were enriched in preston broth for 24 h and streaking on selective media was performed before and after enrichment. m-pcr was applied on bacterial cultures harvested from media plates. the data showed a selective effect of preston broth which favoured the growth of c. coli. identification of the species by the hippurate hydrolysis test a ... | 1999 | 10664985 |
| efficacy of a commercial competitive exclusion product against campylobacter jejuni. | 1. newly-hatched broiler chicks were treated orally with a commercial competitive exclusion product (broilact) in 3 replicate trials 2. after 24 h the treated chicks and untreated control chicks were challenged orally with approximately 10(4) cfu of campylobacter jejuni. 3. the caeca of the birds were examined quantitatively for campylobacter 12 d after the challenge. 4. in 3 separate trials, the treatment prevented or reduced colonisation of the challenge organisms in the caeca. the percentage ... | 1999 | 10670673 |
| analysis of icea1 transcription in helicobacter pylori. | transcription of the helicobacter pylori icea1 gene is induced following adherence of the bacterium to gastric epithelial cells in vitro, suggesting that this gene might be involved in h. pylori pathogenesis. consequently, the current studies were undertaken to characterize icea1 transcription and to define the structure of icea1-containing transcripts to evaluate the potential of this gene to encode functional proteins. | 2000 | 10672045 |
| genetic and biochemical evidence of a campylobacter jejuni capsular polysaccharide that accounts for penner serotype specificity. | campylobacter jejuni, a gram-negative spiral bacterium, is the most common bacterial cause of acute human gastroenteritis and is increasingly recognized for its association with the serious post-infection neurological complications of the miller-fisher and guillain-barré syndromes. c. jejuni lipopolysaccharide (lps) is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of both uncomplicated infection and more serious sequelae, yet the lps remains poorly characterized. current studies on c. jejuni sugges ... | 2000 | 10672176 |
| roles of the surface layer proteins of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in ovine abortion. | the role of the surface (s)-layer proteins of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus has been investigated using an ovine model of abortion. wild-type strain 23d induced abortion in up to 90% of pregnant ewes challenged subcutaneously. isolates recovered from both dams and fetuses expressed s-layer proteins with variable molecular masses. the spontaneous s-layer-negative variant, strain 23b, neither colonized nor caused abortions in pregnant ewes. a series of isogenic sapa and reca mutants, derived fr ... | 2000 | 10678989 |
| mild forms of guillain-barré syndrome in an epidemiologic survey in the netherlands. | assessment of incidence rates of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) in the netherlands over a 10-year period; investigation of a relationship between possible seasonality in gbs and the occurrence of preceding infections; and determination of distinctive characteristics in patients with gbs who are only mildly affected (able to walk unaided at nadir). | 2000 | 10680793 |
| immunogens of interest for the diagnosis of campylobacter jejuni infections. | in order to identify the c. jejuni immunogens of interest for the diagnosis of campylobacter infections, we analyzed the humoral response of 153 patients by using complement fixation (cf) and western blot assays. a first group of 79 sera was from c. jejuni infected patients suffering from enteritis (n=16), guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) (n=40) and arthritis (n=23). a second group of 49 sera was from healthy blood donors and a third group consisted of 25 sera from children under 4 years old. using ... | 2000 | 10683472 |
| [septic abortion caused by campylobacter jejuni]. | 1999 | 10687427 | |
| the genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences. | campylobacter jejuni, from the delta-epsilon group of proteobacteria, is a microaerophilic, gram-negative, flagellate, spiral bacterium-properties it shares with the related gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. it is the leading cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease throughout the world. in addition, infection with c. jejuni is the most frequent antecedent to a form of neuromuscular paralysis known as guillain-barré syndrome. here we report the genome sequence of c. jejuni nctc11168. ... | 2000 | 10688204 |
| drug resistance in campylobacter jejuni, c coli, and c lari isolated from humans in north west england and wales, 1997. | to test the sensitivity of strains of campylobacter species isolated from humans in england and wales against a range of antimicrobial agents for the purpose of monitoring therapeutic efficacy and as an epidemiological marker. | 1999 | 10690169 |
| cross-reactivity of anti-galactocerebroside autoantibodies with a trypanosoma brucei proteolipidic epitope. | pathogenic mechanisms of the demyelinating encephalopathy featuring the nervous phase of human african trypanosomiasis (hat) are largely unknown. they might include autoimmune disorders. a variety of autoantibodies is detected during the disease and we have previously evidenced anti-galactocerebroside (galc) antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients in the nervous stage (stage ii) of hat. we now show that anti-galc antibodies recognize an antigen located on the parasite ... | 2000 | 10691925 |
| evolution of arginine biosynthesis in the bacterial domain: novel gene-enzyme relationships from psychrophilic moritella strains (vibrionaceae) and evolutionary significance of n-alpha-acetyl ornithinase. | in the arginine biosynthetic pathway of the vast majority of prokaryotes, the formation of ornithine is catalyzed by an enzyme transferring the acetyl group of n-alpha-acetylornithine to glutamate (ornithine acetyltransferase [oatase]) (argj encoded). only two exceptions had been reported-the enterobacteriaceae and myxococcus xanthus (members of the gamma and delta groups of the class proteobacteria, respectively)-in which ornithine is produced from n-alpha-acetylornithine by a deacylase, acetyl ... | 2000 | 10692366 |
| biosynthesis of terpenoids: ygbb protein converts 4-diphosphocytidyl-2c-methyl-d-erythritol 2-phosphate to 2c-methyl-d-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate. | in many microorganisms, the putative orthologs of the escherichia coli ygbb gene are tightly linked or fused to putative orthologs of ygbp, which has been shown earlier to be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis. the ygbb gene of e. coli was expressed in a recombinant e. coli strain and was shown to direct the synthesis of a soluble, 17-kda polypeptide. the recombinant protein was found to convert 4-diphosphocytidyl-2c-methyl-d-erythritol 2-phosphate into 2c-methyl-d-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphat ... | 2000 | 10694574 |
| the immunopathogenesis of miller fisher syndrome. | over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of miller fisher syndrome (mfs), a clinical variant of guillain barré syndrome (gbs). mfs comprises the clinical triad of ataxia, areflexia and ophthalmoplegia. it is associated with acute-phase igg antibodies to gq1b and gt1a gangliosides in over 90% of cases which are highly disease specific. like gbs, mfs is a post-infectious syndrome following diverse infections, but particular attention has been ... | 1999 | 10695710 |
| pathogenesis of guillain-barré syndrome. | recent neurophysiological and pathological studies have led to a reclassification of the diseases that underlie guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) into acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (aidp), acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (amsan) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (aman). the fisher syndrome of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia is the most striking of several related conditions. significant antecedent events include campylobacter jejuni (4-66%), cytomegalovirus ... | 1999 | 10695718 |
| multiplex pcr for detection of genes for staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins, toxic shock syndrome toxin 1, and methicillin resistance. | a multiplex pcr assay for detection of genes for staphylococcal enterotoxins a to e (enta, entb, entc, entd, and ente), toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tst), exfoliative toxins a and b (etaa and etab), and intrinsic methicillin resistance (meca) was developed. detection of fema was used as an internal positive control. the multiplex pcr assay combined the primers for sea to see and fema in one set and those for eta, etb, tst, meca, and fema in the other set. validation of the assay was performed u ... | 2000 | 10698991 |
| a simplified method for testing bordetella pertussis for resistance to erythromycin and other antimicrobial agents. | present methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bordetella pertussis are time consuming and require specialized media that are not commercially available. we tested 52 isolates of b. pertussis for resistance to erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and rifampin by agar dilution with bordet-gengou agar (bga) containing 20% horse blood (reference method), etest using bga and regan-lowe agar without cephalexin (rl-c), and disk diffusion using bga and rl-c. the org ... | 2000 | 10699011 |
| improved repetitive-element pcr fingerprinting of salmonella enterica with the use of extremely elevated annealing temperatures. | modified thermal cycling conditions were explored in an effort to improve the reproducibility and resolving power of repetitive-element pcr (rep-pcr) fingerprinting. assay performance was rigorously evaluated under standard and modified cycling conditions, using as a test set 12 strains putatively representing 12 serovars of salmonella enterica. for all three fingerprint types (eric2, boxa1r, and composite fingerprints), the use of extremely elevated annealing temperatures plus an initial "touch ... | 2000 | 10702502 |
| aminoacyl-trna synthetases, the genetic code, and the evolutionary process. | the aminoacyl-trna synthetases (aarss) and their relationship to the genetic code are examined from the evolutionary perspective. despite a loose correlation between codon assignments and aars evolutionary relationships, the code is far too highly structured to have been ordered merely through the evolutionary wanderings of these enzymes. nevertheless, the aarss are very informative about the evolutionary process. examination of the phylogenetic trees for each of the aarss reveals the following. ... | 2000 | 10704480 |
| prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats. | to determine prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats in north-central colorado. | 2000 | 10707683 |
| momp (major outer membrane protein) of campylobacter jejuni; a versatile pore-forming protein. | the great majority of trimeric porins of gram-negative bacteria cannot be dissociated into monomers without disrupting their folded conformation. the porin of campylobacter jejuni, however, displays two folded structures, a classical oligomer and a monomer resistant to detergent denaturation. we probed the transition of trimer to monomer using light scattering experiments and examined the secondary structures of these two molecular states by infra-red spectroscopy. the channel-forming properties ... | 2000 | 10708763 |
| multiple n-acetyl neuraminic acid synthetase (neub) genes in campylobacter jejuni: identification and characterization of the gene involved in sialylation of lipo-oligosaccharide. | n-acetyl neuraminic acid (nana) is a common constituent of campylobacter jejuni lipo-oligosaccharide (los). such structures often mimic human gangliosides and are thought to be involved in the triggering of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and miller-fisher syndrome (mfs) following c. jejuni infection. analysis of the c. jejuni nctc 11168 genome sequence identified three putative nana synthetase genes termed neub1, neub2 and neub3. the nana synthetase activity of all three c. jejuni neub gene produ ... | 2000 | 10712693 |
| prospects for 'competitive exclusion' treatment to control salmonellas and other foodborne pathogens in poultry. | in newly hatched chicks, the rapid establishment of an adult-type intestinal microflora, via the oral route, produces almost immediate resistance to colonization by any food poisoning salmonellas that gain access to the rearing environment. exploitation of the 'competitive exclusion' (ce) effect is now an accepted part of the overall strategy by which poultry-associated salmonellas are being controlled in some countries. this review covers practical aspects of ce treatment and factors affecting ... | 2000 | 10712799 |
| campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides from guillain-barré syndrome patients induce igg anti-gm1 antibodies in rabbits. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) from campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from patients with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) display molecular mimicry with gm1. we immunized rabbits with c. jejuni lps from gbs-associated strains containing a gm1-like epitope. all animals produced high titre anti-lps antibodies that were cross-reactive with gm1. we conclude that c. jejuni strains from gbs patients are able to induce antibodies that cross-react with gangliosides and lps. this study further confirms the r ... | 2000 | 10713352 |
| successful treatment by meropenem of campylobacter jejuni meningitis in a chronic alcoholic following neurosurgery. | meningitis caused by campylobacter jejuni is rare, we describe a case following neurosurgery for intra-cranial haematoma in a chronic alcoholic patient. conventional culture of csf and blood was supplemented by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detection of campylobacter jejuni. | 1999 | 10714805 |
| distribution of intervening sequences in the genes for 23s rrna and rrna fragmentation among strains of the salmonella reference collection b (sarb) and sarc sets. | intervening sequences (ivss) occur sporadically in several bacterial genera in the genes for 23s rrna at relatively conserved locations. they are cleaved after transcription and lead to the presence of fragmented rrna, which is incorporated into the ribosomes without religation but is nevertheless functional. the fragmentation of rrna and the number of ivss in all 72 strains of the salmonella reference collection b set and 16 strains of the salmonella reference collection c set, which have been ... | 2000 | 10714998 |
| clinical features and response to treatment in guillain-barré syndrome associated with antibodies to gm1b ganglioside. | gm1b is a minor ganglioside in human peripheral nerves. serum anti-gm1b antibodies frequently are present in patients with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). in this collaborative study, we investigated the antecedent infections, clinical features, and response to treatment of gbs patients with anti-gm1b antibodies. of 132 gbs patients who participated in the dutch gbs trial that compared the effect of intravenous immunoglobulins and plasma exchange, 25 (19%) patients had anti-gm1b antibodies. igm a ... | 2000 | 10716250 |
| detection of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in blood-free enriched samples of inoculated foods by the polymerase chain reaction. | the detection of thermophilic campylobacter spp., as represented by campylobacter jejuni, by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was investigated and compared with the selective agar isolation (sai) method. stationary-phase cultures of c. jejuni were inoculated into either blood-free enrichment broth (bfeb) or bfeb that contained 10% broccoli, crabmeat, mushroom, raw milk, and raw oyster rinses. following a 48-h enrichment period, aliquots of food test portions were removed for simultaneous anal ... | 2000 | 10716555 |
| interference of pseudomonas strains in the identification of helicobacter pylori. | 2000 | 10722321 | |
| serum amyloid p component bound to gram-negative bacteria prevents lipopolysaccharide-mediated classical pathway complement activation. | although serum amyloid p component (sap) is known to bind many ligands, its biological function is not yet clear. recently, it was demonstrated that sap binds to lipopolysaccharide (lps). in the present study, sap was shown to bind to gram-negative bacteria expressing short types of lps or lipo-oligosaccharide (los), such as salmonella enterica serovar copenhagen re and escherichia coli j5, and also to clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae. it was hypothesized that sap binds to the bacteri ... | 2000 | 10722560 |
| altered gene expression in staphylococcus aureus upon interaction with human endothelial cells. | staphylococcus aureus is isolated from a substantial number of patients with infective endocarditis who are not known to have predisposing heart abnormalities. it has been suggested that the infection is initiated by the direct binding of s. aureus to human vascular endothelium. to determine the mutual response of the endothelial cells and the bacteria, we studied the interaction between s. aureus and human vascular endothelium. scanning electron microscopic analyses showed that binding of s. au ... | 2000 | 10722562 |
| molecular epidemiologic approaches to urinary tract infection gene discovery in uropathogenic escherichia coli. | urinary tract infection (uti) is one of the most frequently acquired bacterial infections. the vast majority of utis are caused by a large, genetically heterogeneous group of escherichia coli. this genetic diversity has hampered identification of uti-related genes. a three-step experimental strategy was used to identify genes potentially involved in e. coli uti transmission or virulence: epidemiologic pairing of a uti-specific strain with a fecal control, differential cloning to isolated uti str ... | 2000 | 10722596 |
| helicobacter pylori possesses two chey response regulators and a histidine kinase sensor, chea, which are essential for chemotaxis and colonization of the gastric mucosa. | infection of the mucous layer of the human stomach by helicobacter pylori requires the bacterium to be motile and presumably chemotactic. previous studies have shown that fully functional flagella are essential for motility and colonization, but the role of chemotaxis remains unclear. the two-component regulatory system chea/chey has been shown to play a major role in chemotaxis in other enteric bacteria. scrutiny of the 26695 genome sequence suggests that h. pylori has two chey response regulat ... | 2000 | 10722597 |
| identification of regions of the escherichia coli chromosome specific for neonatal meningitis-associated strains. | specific virulence factors associated with the pathogenesis of escherichia coli strains causing neonatal meningitis (ecnm), such as the k1 capsular polysaccharide, the s fimbriae, and the ibe10 protein, have been previously identified. however, some other yet unidentified factors are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of ecnm. to identify specialized unique dna regions associated with ecnm virulence, we used the representational difference analysis technique. the genomes of two strains be ... | 2000 | 10722606 |
| chronic atrophic gastritis in scid mice experimentally infected with campylobacter fetus. | campylobacter fetus is a cause of enteritis and invasive extraintestinal disease in humans. in order to develop an animal model of c. fetus infection, outbred icr scid mice were orally challenged with a clinical isolate of c. fetus. the stomachs of scid mice were heavily colonized with c. fetus, and colonization was associated with the development of chronic atrophic gastritis. this lesion was characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate of granulocytes and macrophages that over time resulted in ... | 2000 | 10722608 |
| detection and differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in broiler chicken samples using a pcr/dna probe membrane based colorimetric detection assay. | campylobacter enteritis in humans has been linked to consumption of poultry meat. surveys show that 30-100% of poultry harbour campylobacter as normal flora of the digestive tract which indicates a need to identify prevalent organism types in flocks and trace their epidemiology. in this study we describe a campylobacter genus specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay, amplifying the 16 s-23 s rrna intergenic spacer region with an internal campylobacter genus specific dna probe and species s ... | 2000 | 10725058 |
| genetic diversity of the campylobacter genes coding immunodominant proteins. | three campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 genes (cjaa (omph1), cjac (hisj) and cjad (omp18)) encoding immunodominant proteins are considered to be potential chicken vaccine candidates. the presence and conservation of cjaa, cjac and cjad genes among different campylobacter clinical isolates were determined. the genes were detected in thirty campylobacter strains using hybridization as well as western blot analysis. however, pcr products of the predicted size were amplified only from ten out of thirty e ... | 2000 | 10731605 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni assessed by e-test and double dilution agar method in southern chile. | the susceptibility patterns of 108 campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni clinical strains, to six antimicrobial agents was determined by using the e-test and the double dilution agar methods. using both methods, no strain was found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and gentamicin, but two (1.8%) were resistant to tetracycline and all to aztreonam. seven (6.5%) strains were resistant to ampicillin by the e-test and five (4.6%) by the double dilution agar method and by both methods. no g ... | 2000 | 10733748 |
| lipopolysaccharides of a campylobacter coli isolate from a patient with guillain-barré syndrome display ganglioside mimicry. | campylobacter coli was isolated from a patient with severe, axonal type guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). the patient's serum was tested by elisa for glycolipid antibodies and showed a high titer of igg antibodies to asialo-gm1 (ga1) and gd3. campylobacter coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) was extracted and analyzed by elisa, immunoblot binding and blocking studies, and found to avidly bind cholera toxin and peanut agglutinin. the lps from the patient's isolate also induced anti-ga1 antibodies in a rat ... | 2000 | 10734265 |
| molecular characterization of two-component systems of helicobacter pylori. | two-component systems are frequently involved in the adaptation of bacteria to changing environmental conditions at the level of transcriptional regulation. here we report the characterization of members of the two-component systems of the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori deduced from the genome sequence of strain 26695. we demonstrate that the response regulators hp166, hp1043, and hp1021 have essential functions, as disruption of the corresponding genes is lethal for the bacteria, irrespec ... | 2000 | 10735847 |
| role of motility in adherence to and invasion of a fish cell line by vibrio anguillarum. | to understand further the role of the flagellum of vibrio anguillarum in virulence, invasive and adhesive properties of isogenic motility mutants were analyzed by using a chinook salmon embryo cell line. adhesion was unaffected but invasion of the cell line was significantly decreased in nonmotile or partially motile mutants, and the chemotactic mutant was hyperinvasive. these results suggest that active motility aids invasion by v. anguillarum, both in vivo and in vitro. | 2000 | 10735880 |
| functional analysis of gapped microbial genomes: amino acid metabolism of thiobacillus ferrooxidans. | a gapped genome sequence of the biomining bacterium thiobacillus ferrooxidans strain atcc23270 was assembled from sheared dna fragments (3.2-times coverage) into 1,912 contigs. a total of 2,712 potential genes (orfs) were identified in 2.6 mbp (megabase pairs) of thiobacillus genomic sequence. of these genes, 2,159 could be assigned functions by using the wit-pro/emp genome analysis system, most with a high degree of certainty. nine hundred of the genes have been assigned roles in metabolic path ... | 2000 | 10737802 |
| the viable-but-nonculturable state induced by abiotic stress in the biocontrol agent pseudomonas fluorescens cha0 does not promote strain persistence in soil. | the effects of oxygen limitation, low redox potential, and high nacl stress for 7 days in vitro on the rifampin-resistant biocontrol inoculant pseudomonas fluorescens cha0-rif and its subsequent persistence in natural soil for 54 days were investigated. throughout the experiment, the strain was monitored using total cell counts (immunofluorescence microscopy), kogure's direct viable counts, and colony counts (on rifampin-containing plates). under in vitro conditions, viable-but-nonculturable (vb ... | 2000 | 10742257 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, c. lari, c. upsaliensis, arcobacter butzleri, and a. butzleri-like species based on the glya gene. | currently, the detection and identification of campylobacter and arcobacter species remains arduous, largely due to cross-species phenotypic similarities and a relatively narrow spectrum of biochemical reactivity. we have developed a pcr-hybridization strategy, wherein degenerate primers are used to amplify glya fragments from samples, which are then subjected to species-specific oligodeoxyribonucleotide probe hybridizations, to identify and distinguish between campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, c. ... | 2000 | 10747131 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using random chromosomal gene probes for epidemiological analysis of campylobacter jejuni infections. | we have evaluated the ability of a new genotyping method for campylobacter jejuni based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms using random chromosomal gene probes. dnas from c. jejuni strains digested with each of three restriction enzymes, hhai, haeiii, and hpaii, were analyzed by southern hybridization using each of two unrelated cosmid clones, p14 and p15 (respectively containing 30- and 35-kb genomic dna fragments of c. jejuni strain oh4384). the method reported provides a stable and ... | 2000 | 10747164 |
| a field-suitable, semisolid aerobic enrichment medium for isolation of campylobacter jejuni in small numbers. | the objective of this study was to produce an economical, easy to prepare, field-suitable enrichment medium for detection of campylobacter jejuni in small numbers. a semisolid aerobic enrichment medium was developed. rates of recovery from inoculated medium, sterile swabs, and mixed cultures of c. jejuni and coliform bacteria were tested. | 2000 | 10747165 |
| new concepts of guillain-barré syndrome. | guillain-barré syndrome is an acute autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy with a clinical presentation of flaccid paralysis with areflexia, variable sensory disturbance, and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein without pleocytosis. although guillain-barré syndrome previously had been viewed as a unitary disorder with variations, it currently is viewed as a group of syndromes with several distinctive subtypes. these include the principal subtype prevalent in the western world (acute inflammatory demy ... | 2000 | 10757475 |
| inorganic polyphosphate is needed for swimming, swarming, and twitching motilities of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | polyphosphate kinase (ppk), encoded by the ppk gene, is the principal enzyme in many bacteria for the synthesis of inorganic polyphosphate (poly p) from atp. a knockout mutant in the ppk gene of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 is impaired in flagellar swimming motility on semisolid agar plates. the mutant is deficient in type iv pili-mediated twitching motility and in a "swarming motility" previously unobserved in p. aeruginosa. in swarming cultures, the polar monotrichous bacteria have differentiat ... | 2000 | 10758151 |
| campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in an hiv-positive patient with non-hodgkin's lymphoma. | 1998 | 10761086 | |
| comparison of six dose-response models for use with food-borne pathogens. | food-related illness in the united states is estimated to affect over six million people per year and cost the economy several billion dollars. these illnesses and costs could be reduced if minimum infectious doses were established and used as the basis of regulations and monitoring. however, standard methodologies for dose-response assessment are not yet formulated for microbial risk assessment. the objective of this study was to compare dose-response models for food-borne pathogens and determi ... | 1999 | 10765449 |
| the gale gene of campylobacter jejuni is involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis and virulence. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is one of the main virulence factors of gram-negative bacteria. the lps from campylobacter spp. has endotoxic properties and has been shown to play a role in adhesion. we previously cloned a gene cluster (wla) which is involved in the synthesis of the campylobacter jejuni 81116 lps molecule. sequence alignment of the first gene in this cluster indicated similarity with gale genes. these genes encode a udp-glucose 4-epimerase, which catalyzes the interconversion of udp-ga ... | 2000 | 10768949 |
| role of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase in oxidative stress and virulence of streptococcus pneumoniae. | streptococcus pneumoniae was shown to contain two types of superoxide dismutase, mnsod and fesod. levels of mnsod increased during growth in an aerobic environment. the soda gene, encoding mnsod, of virulent s. pneumoniae type 2 strain d39 was inactivated to give mutant d39hy1. aerobically, d39hy1 had a lower growth rate than the wild type and exhibited susceptibility to the redox-active compound paraquat, but anaerobic growth of d39hy1 was identical to that of the wild type. virulence studies s ... | 2000 | 10768978 |
| antibiotic resistance trends in enteropathogenic bacteria isolated in 1985-1987 and 1995-1998 in barcelona. | trends in resistance to antimicrobial agents used for therapy have been evaluated with 3,797 enteropathogenic bacteria, campylobacter, salmonella, shigella, and yersinia, between 1985-1987 and 1995-1998. the greater increase in the rate of resistance was observed in campylobacter jejuni for quinolones (from 1 to 82%) and tetracycline (from 23 to 72%) and in gastroenteric salmonellae for ampicillin (from 8 to 44%), chloramphenicol (from 1.7 to 26%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and nalidixic ... | 2000 | 10770742 |
| rapid and specific enzyme immunoassay on hydrophobic grid membrane filter for detection and enumeration of thermophilic campylobacter spp. from milk and chicken rinses. | six commercially available anti-campylobacter antibodies were examined for their applicability in an enzyme immunoassay on hydrophobic grid membrane filters, both for the detection and enumeration of campylobacter spp. when a panel of nine campylobacter (seven campylobacter jejuni and two campylobacter coli) and eight non-campylobacter strains were used in a dot-blot format enzyme immunoassay to test the specificity of these antibodies, only one polyclonal antibody (biodesign) detected all campy ... | 2000 | 10772214 |
| the seasonal variation in the microbial agents implicated in the etiology of diarrheal diseases among children in lao people's democratic republic. | during 1994-1995, the etiological structure of children's diarrhea was monitored in outpatients at mahosot hospital, vientiane, lao pdr. of the 191 children studied, 42% had stool specimens positive for enteropathogens; 22% had rotavirus, 21.5% enteropathogenic e. coli, 4.7% shigella flexneri, 2.9% campylobacter jejuni, 2.1% shigella sonnei, and 0.5% each of giardia intestinalis and entamoeba histolytica. no vibrio cholerae and salmonella spp. was detected in this monitoring. in children under f ... | 1999 | 10774703 |
| ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni infections. | 2000 | 10776404 | |
| complete nucleotide sequence of tn10. | the complete nucleotide sequence of tn10 has been determined. the dinucleotide signature and percent g+c of the sequence had no discontinuities, indicating that tn10 constitutes a homogeneous unit. the new sequence contained three new open reading frames corresponding to a glutamate permease, repressors of heavy metal resistance operons, and a hypothetical protein in bacillus subtilis. the glutamate permease was fully functional when expressed, but tn10 did not protect escherichia coli from the ... | 2000 | 10781570 |
| immobilization with metal hydroxides as a means to concentrate food-borne bacteria for detection by cultural and molecular methods. | the application of nucleic acid amplification methods to the detection of food-borne pathogens could be facilitated by concentrating the organisms from the food matrix before detection. this study evaluated the utility of metal hydroxide immobilization for the concentration of bacterial cells from dairy foods prior to detection by cultural and molecular methods. using reconstituted nonfat dry milk (nfdm) as a model, two food-borne pathogens (listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica serovar ... | 2000 | 10788338 |
| cell wall chemical composition of enterococcus faecalis in the viable but nonculturable state. | the viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state is a survival mechanism adopted by many bacteria (including those of medical interest) when exposed to adverse environmental conditions. in this state bacteria lose the ability to grow in bacteriological media but maintain viability and pathogenicity and sometimes are able to revert to regular division upon restoration of normal growth conditions. the aim of this work was to analyze the biochemical composition of the cell wall of enterococcus faecalis in ... | 2000 | 10788366 |
| fecal shedding of campylobacter and arcobacter spp. in dairy cattle. | campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and arcobacter spp. were detected in feces of healthy dairy cows by highly specific multiplex-pcr assays. for c. jejuni, at this one-time sampling, cows from 80.6% of farm operations (n = 31) and 37.7% of individual dairy cattle fecal samples (n = 2,085) were positive. farm management factors were correlated with prevalence in herds in which >25% of cows were positive for c. jejuni. statistical significance was set at a p of 0.20. using these criteria, a ... | 2000 | 10788372 |
| computer-assisted analysis and epidemiological value of genotyping methods for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | for epidemiological tracing of the thermotolerant campylobacter species c. jejuni and c. coli, reliable and highly discriminatory typing techniques are necessary. in this study the genotyping techniques of flagellin typing (flaa typing), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), automated ribotyping, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprinting were compared. the following aspects were compared: computer-assisted analysis, discriminatory power, and use for epidemiological typi ... | 2000 | 10790125 |
| rapid identification of yersinia enterocolitica in blood by the 5' nuclease pcr assay. | yersinia enterocolitica accounts for 50% of the clinical sepsis episodes caused by the transfusion of contaminated red blood cells. a 5' nuclease taqman pcr assay was developed to detect y. enterocolitica in blood. primers and a probe based on the nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna gene from y. enterocolitica were designed. whole-blood samples were spiked with various numbers of y. enterocolitica cells, and total chromosomal dna was extracted. when the taqman pcr assay was performed, as few as ... | 2000 | 10790127 |
| evidence from a nine-year birth cohort study in japan of transmission pathways of helicobacter pylori infection. | we examined the longitudinal changes of helicobacter pylori infection within 46 families with children and 48 couples without children living in japan. the study cohort was monitored from 1986 to 1994. h. pylori status was assessed by the presence of anti-h. pylori immunoglobulin g antibodies. at study entry, h. pylori prevalence in children with positive mothers was 23% versus 5% in children with negative mothers (odds ratio = 5.3; 95% confidence interval = 0.6 to 42.8). seroconversion (rate of ... | 2000 | 10790131 |
| growth supplements for helicobacter pylori. | the growth response of helicobacter pylori in broth was determined in the presence of ferrous sulfate, sodium pyruvate, and mucin (porcine stomach). the addition of either ferrous sulfate and sodium pyruvate or mucin to brain heart infusion broth with 7% horse serum (bhi-hs) enhanced the growth of h. pylori. the best growth of strain nb2-1, which was the slowest growing of 10 h. pylori strains evaluated, occurred in the presence of 0.05% ferrous sulfate and 0.05% sodium pyruvate. the addition of ... | 2000 | 10790135 |
| a three-year study of campylobacter jejuni genotypes in humans with domestically acquired infections and in chicken samples from the helsinki area. | campylobacter jejuni isolates from stool samples of patients with domestically acquired sporadic infections and from chicken from retail shops were studied during seasonal peaks from june to september over a 3-year period from 1996 to 1998. a large number of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) genotypes (a combined smai-sacii pattern) were identified each year. certain genotypes persisted for the whole study period, and predominant genotypes represented 28 to 52% of the strains during a rest ... | 2000 | 10790140 |
| demonstration of a protein synthesis in starved campylobacter jejuni cells. | for many years, environmental microbiologists working on water samples, have reported differences between bacterial counts performed by culture and by microscopy. these observations have led to the demonstration of the viable but non-culturable (vnc) state in bacteria. some hygienist specialists underlined the risk presented by pathogenic bacteria in the vnc state. the vnc state in bacteria has been studied by a number of authors, but the relation between vnc state and bacterial stress response ... | 2000 | 10791718 |
| characterisation of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) mutants of campylobacter jejuni. | in order to assess the contribution of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) to the toxigenicity and pathogenicity of campylobacter jejuni, the c. jejuni 81-176 and c. jejuni nctc 11168 cdts were inactivated by insertional mutation of the cdtb toxin subunit. cell-free sonicates from isogenic c. jejuni 81-176 cdtb- strains were found to be greatly attenuated in hela cytotoxicity assays, whilst still retaining some toxigenicity. sonicates from a c. jejuni nctc 11168 cdtb- strain produced no detectable ... | 2000 | 10798561 |
| multiplex pcr detection of campylobacter jejuni and arcobacter butzleri in food products. | arcobacter is a recently described species, previously considered part of the campylobacter family. a sensitive assay such as that provided by pcr could help to distinguish the closely related arcobacter from campylobacter. a pcr method to specifically detect both campylobacter jejuni and arcobacter butzleri in the same reaction tube has been developed. c. jejuni and a. butzleri were inoculated into a range of dairy products, raw and ready-to-eat foods. the presence of these two organisms was de ... | 2000 | 10799270 |
| intestinal secretory immunoglobulin a response to enteroaggregative escherichia coli in travelers with diarrhea. | we examined stool samples from travelers for secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) to enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) during episodes of acute diarrhea. ten paired samples from 10 patients with diarrhea caused by eaec were examined for the presence of specific siga by dot blot and western blot immunoassays. five samples were positive by dot blotting, and two samples were positive by western blotting. | 2000 | 10799468 |
| rifabutin prophylaxis against mycobacterium avium complex infections in hiv-infected patients: impact on the incidence of campylobacteriosis. | following the observation of the decreasing occurrence of campylobacteriosis in hiv-infected patients. this study examines the incidence of campylobacteriosis in patients who had received rifabutin prophylaxis against mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection compared with the incidence observed among patients treated before the advent of rifabutin. a retrospective analysis (february 1992 to november 1995) was conducted in a hospital hiv inpatient unit. the study included two patient groups: 7 ... | 1999 | 10800525 |
| another unusual type of citric acid cycle enzyme in helicobacter pylori: the malate:quinone oxidoreductase. | the only enzyme of the citric acid cycle for which no open reading frame (orf) was found in the helicobacter pylori genome is the nad-dependent malate dehydrogenase. here, it is shown that in this organism the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate is catalyzed by a malate:quinone oxidoreductase (mqo). this flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent membrane-associated enzyme donates electrons to quinones of the electron transfer chain. similar to succinate dehydrogenase, it is part of both the electron ... | 2000 | 10809701 |
| differences in genotypes of helicobacter pylori from different human populations. | dna motifs at several informative loci in more than 500 strains of helicobacter pylori from five continents were studied by pcr and sequencing to gain insights into the evolution of this gastric pathogen. five types of deletion, insertion, and substitution motifs were found at the right end of the h. pylori cag pathogenicity island. of the three most common motifs, type i predominated in spaniards, native peruvians, and guatemalan ladinos (mixed amerindian-european ancestry) and also in native a ... | 2000 | 10809702 |
| cramping pain and prolonged elevation of serum creatine kinase levels in a patient with guillain-barré syndrome following campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | we describe a patient with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) following campylobacter jejuni enteritis, accompanied with severe cramping pain and a marked increase in serum creatine kinase (ck) levels. both conditions became evident three weeks after the onset of gbs and continued for longer than one month. in this patient, it is possible that rapid extensive denervation due to severe axonal degeneration of motor nerve terminals might have caused hyperexcitability in regional muscles, leading to recu ... | 2000 | 10809924 |
| antibody repertoire development in fetal and newborn piglets, iii. colonization of the gastrointestinal tract selectively diversifies the preimmune repertoire in mucosal lymphoid tissues. | changes in the vh-region repertoire of isolator piglets reared for 6 weeks under germ-free (gf) conditions and those colonized (col) with a defined exclusion flora on the 1st day of life were compared. although serum immunoglobulin levels were 20-100-fold higher in col piglets than gf piglets, an analysis of peripheral blood b cells (pbbs) indicated that: gf and col piglets used the same four vh genes and two dh segments during the 6-week period; proportional usage of vh genes and dh segments wa ... | 2000 | 10809967 |
| some emerging food and water borne pathogens. | emerging pathogens are those infective organisms whose incidence has recently increased or is likely to increase during the next two decades due to changes in demography, food habits, food technology, commerce, water sources and environmental factors. some important emerging food and water borne bacterial pathogens include listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli o157: h7, vibrio cholerae biotype e1 tor serotype 0139, vibrio ... | 1999 | 10810592 |
| immune response to an 18-kilodalton outer membrane antigen identifies lipoprotein 20 as a helicobacter pylori vaccine candidate. | experiments were performed using the standardized murine model of helicobacter pylori infection to determine the immunogenicity of h. pylori outer membrane vesicles in immune protection. these vesicles, which are naturally shed from the surface of the bacterium, induce a protective response when administered intragastrically to mice in the presence of cholera holotoxin, despite the absence of the urease enzyme and associated hsp54 chaperonin. immunoblotting identified a specific serum immunoglob ... | 2000 | 10816482 |
| innate immune responses in children and adults with shigellosis. | an array of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators of the innate immune system was analyzed in stool, urine, and rectal mucosa samples from adults and children with shigellosis to better understand their role in recovery from and in the immunopathogenesis of the disease. increased concentrations of lactoferrin (lf), myeloperoxidase (mpo), prostaglandin e(2), and leukotriene b(4) (ltb(4)) in stool during acute shigellosis in both children and adults indicated that activated cells of the innate defe ... | 2000 | 10816520 |
| direct urease test on bactec blood cultures: early presumptive diagnosis of brucellosis in an area of endemicity. | 2000 | 10819622 | |
| campylobacter jejuni-induced severe colitis--a rare cause of toxic megacolon. | the development of toxic megacolon as a sequel of infectious colitis is rare. we have observed the very rare case of a campylobacter jejuni-induced toxic megacolon. a 28-year-old man was admitted with severe enterocolitis and appearance of blood in stools. he had been treated with loperamide without success. two days after admission stool cultures revealed campylobacter jejuni and then an oral antibiotic therapy was started. on the fifth day clinical performance deteriorated again with developme ... | 2000 | 10820863 |
| cloning and characterization of the mammalian brain-specific, mg2+-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase. | the enzymatic breakdown of sphingomyelin by sphingomyelinases is considered the major source of the second messenger ceramide. studies on the contribution of the various described acidic and neutral sphingomyelinases to the signaling pool of ceramide have been hampered by the lack of molecular data on the neutral sphingomyelinases (nsmases). we recently identified a mammalian nsmase, an integral membrane protein with remote similarity to bacterial sphingomyelinases. however, its ubiquitous expre ... | 2000 | 10823942 |
| isolation and characterization of strains cvo and fwko b, two novel nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria isolated from oil field brine. | bacterial strains cvo and fwko b were isolated from produced brine at the coleville oil field in saskatchewan, canada. both strains are obligate chemolithotrophs, with hydrogen, formate, and sulfide serving as the only known energy sources for fwko b, whereas sulfide and elemental sulfur are the only known electron donors for cvo. neither strain uses thiosulfate as an energy source. both strains are microaerophiles (1% o(2)). in addition, cvo grows by denitrification of nitrate or nitrite wherea ... | 2000 | 10831429 |
| macrorestriction fingerprinting of "streptococcus milleri" group bacteria by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | although isolates of the "streptococcus milleri" group (smg) of bacteria are regarded as members of the commensal microflora of the body, they are frequently encountered in purulent infections from a range of body sites. the genetic diversity of 91 epidemiologically unrelated smg isolates (including 37 commensal strains and 49 disease-associated strains) was analyzed by macrorestriction fingerprinting (mf). the genomes were digested with smai and apai independently, and fragments were resolved b ... | 2000 | 10834967 |