Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) in abnormal vascular changes in the adult rat eye. | the aim of this project was to determine if the subretinal delivery of a recombinant adenovirus encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) was sufficient to induce changes resembling choroidal neovascularisation (cnv) in a rat model. a recombinant adenovirus was produced encoding vegf164 cdna (ad.rsv.vegf). transduction of cultured rpe cells confirmed vegf expression and ensured the absence of ad.rsv.vegf-related toxicity. following subretinal injection into rat eyes, fluorescein angiogr ... | 2000 | 10801078 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy is an important risk factor for asthma and allergy at age 7. | we previously reported an increased risk for bronchial obstructive disease and allergic sensitization up to age 3 in 47 children hospitalized with a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy compared with 93 matched control subjects recruited during infancy. the aims of the present study were to evaluate the occurrences of bronchial obstructive disease and allergic sensitization in these children at age 7(1)/ (2). all 140 children reported for the follow-up, which included physi ... | 2000 | 10806145 |
| monocyte il-10 production during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is associated with recurrent wheezing in a one-year follow-up study. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is associated with subsequent recurrent wheezing episodes. to determine whether cytokine responses during infection can be of predictive value for the development of recurrent wheezing, we performed a follow-up study in 50 hospitalized children with rsv bronchiolitis. monocyte and lymphocyte cytokine responses in vitro were studied during the acute phase of disease, and again during the convalescent phase, 3 to 4 wk later. monocyte cytokine respons ... | 2000 | 10806148 |
| cd40 ligand (cd154) enhances the th1 and antibody responses to respiratory syncytial virus in the balb/c mouse. | cd40 ligand (cd40l) is a cell surface costimulatory molecule expressed mainly by activated t cells. cd40l is critically important for t-b cell and t cell-dendritic cell interactions. cd40l expression promotes th1 cytokine responses to protein ags and is responsible for ig isotype switching in b cells. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important pathogen of young children and the elderly, which causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia. studies of mice infected with rsv suggest that a th2 cytokine ... | 2000 | 10820273 |
| requirement of a novel upstream response element in respiratory syncytial virus-induced il-8 gene expression. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produces intense pulmonary inflammation, in part, through its ability to induce chemokine synthesis in infected airway epithelial cells. in this study, we compare mechanisms for induction of the cxc chemokine il-8, in human type ii alveolar (a549) cells by rsv infection and by stimulation with the cytokine tnf. promoter deletion and mutagenesis experiments indicate that although the region from -99 to -54 nt is sufficient for tnf-induced il-8 transcription, this ... | 2000 | 10820277 |
| standardising surveillance of nosocomial infections: the hiss program. hospital infection standardised surveillance. | standardised surveillance of nosocomial infections in australia had not been addressed until june 1998 when the new south wales health department funded the development and implementation of the first standardised surveillance system for hospital infection: the hospital infection standardised surveillance program (hiss). the introduction of a standardised surveillance system needs to balance the requirements of a health department and the needs of hospitals. the health department requires data t ... | 2000 | 10821448 |
| modeling of the inhibition of retroviral integrases by styrylquinoline derivatives. | styrylquinoline derivatives, known to be potent inhibitors of hiv-1 integrase, have been experimentally tested for their inhibitory effect on the disintegration reaction catalyzed by catalytic cores of hiv-1 and rous sarcoma virus (rsv) integrases. a modified docking protocol, consisting of coupling a grid search method with full energy minimization, has been specially designed to study the interaction between the inhibitors and the integrases. the inhibitors consist of two moieties that have hy ... | 2000 | 10821707 |
| genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of the g protein of subgroups a and b of respiratory syncytial viruses isolated over 9 consecutive epidemics in korea. | to study genetic variation and molecular epidemiology of the g protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), 253 strains from a children's hospital in korea over 9 consecutive epidemics were analyzed. restriction analysis of the entire g protein gene demonstrated 24 genotypes among 188 subgroup a and 6 among 65 subgroup b isolates. two to 4 dominant genotypes of subgroup a cocirculated, and different genotypes predominated in each epidemic. predominant genotypes were replaced with new genotypes ... | 2000 | 10823752 |
| serum neutralizing antibody titers of seropositive chimpanzees immunized with vaccines coformulated with natural fusion and attachment proteins of respiratory syncytial virus. | subunit vaccines formulated with purified fusion proteins from the a2 (pfp-2) or attenuated 248/404 (pfp-3) strains of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were evaluated, either alone or in combination with native attachment (g) protein, for their ability to augment serum neutralizing antibody titers in seropositive chimpanzees. the results suggested that combination vaccines enhanced serum neutralizing antibody titers against both laboratory strains and clinical isolates of rsv. when compared wit ... | 2000 | 10823781 |
| monocyte interleukin-12 production is inversely related to duration of respiratory failure in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | the correlation of clinical and immunological parameters with the duration of respiratory failure was investigated to identify factors determining the clinical outcome of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis necessitating mechanical ventilation. at initiation of mechanical ventilation in 30 patients with rsv, production of interleukin (il)-12 and il-10 was measured in 48-h peripheral blood cell cultures that were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma. the ventilation ... | 2000 | 10823782 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: recent progress towards the discovery of effective prophylactic and therapeutic agents. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was discovered in 1955, the burden associated with this infectious agent on all population groups is only now beginning to be fully appreciated. the successful launch of the humanized monoclonal antibody synagis (developed by medimmune, gaithersburg, md, usa), as a prophylactic in september 1998 has helped to heighten awareness of the extent of mortality and morbidity associated with annual rsv epidemics. small, drug-like molecules that would provide th ... | 2000 | 10825730 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection: clinical presentation and management. | rsv infection continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. despite advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis, limited progress has been made in prevention and treatment of rsv infection. based on the experiences thus far it seems that control of rsv infection will be a difficult and complex task. | 1995 | 10829841 |
| duration of secretory igm and iga antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in a community study in guinea-bissau. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is probably the single major cause of lower respiratory infection (lri) among infants worldwide. its relative importance may be underestimated, as the diagnosis is based on antigen detection and antigen may only be detectable in the early phase of infection. we have therefore assessed the duration of secretory igm and iga antibody responses and whether assays for these antibodies can be used to improve the diagnosing of rsv-associated infections. during two rsv ... | 2000 | 10830453 |
| prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus in high-risk infants: administration of immune globulin and epidemiological surveillance of infection. | hospitalizations secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children were monitored before and after the administration of rsv immune globulin. monitored also was the effectiveness of prophylaxis in preventing the disease among at-risk children along the texas-mexico border. small premature infants were at the greatest risk of hospitalization; preterm infants and then term infants followed. prophylaxis does not necessarily prevent rsv bronchiolitis but may reduce the severity of ... | 2000 | 10843015 |
| recurrent respiratory syncytial virus infections in allergen-sensitized mice lead to persistent airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is considered a risk factor for bronchial asthma; however, the synergy between allergen sensitization and rsv infection in the development of pulmonary inflammation and asthma has been controversial. in this study the effects of primary and recurrent rsv infection on allergic asthma were examined in a group of control, rsv-infected, dermatophagoides farinae (df) allergen-sensitized, and df allergen-sensitized plus rsv-infected balb/c mice. primary rsv ... | 2000 | 10843718 |
| th(1)- and th(2)-type cytokine expression by activated t lymphocytes from the lung and spleen during the inflammatory response to respiratory syncytial virus. | rsv is an important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and the elderly worldwide. the components involved in immunity and those that contribute to inflammation of rsv-induced disease are not clearly understood. to address the relationship between activation antigen and cytokine expression, intracellular levels of il-2, il-4, il-5 and ifn-gamma were determined for cd3, cd44, cd49d, cd54, cd62l and cd102 lymphocytes from the bronchoalveolar lavage and spleen. to examine activation ... | 2000 | 10843768 |
| the core of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein is a trimeric coiled coil. | entry into the host cell by enveloped viruses is mediated by fusion (f) or transmembrane glycoproteins. many of these proteins share a fold comprising a trimer of antiparallel coiled-coil heterodimers, where the heterodimers are formed by two discontinuous heptad repeat motifs within the proteolytically processed chain. the f protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv; the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants) contains two corresponding regions that are predicted t ... | 2000 | 10846072 |
| functional analysis of the genomic and antigenomic promoters of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the promoters involved in transcription and rna replication by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were examined by using a plasmid-based minireplicon system. the 3' ends of the genome and antigenome, which, respectively, contain the 44-nucleotide (nt) leader (le) and 155-nt trailer-complement (trc) regions, should each contain a promoter for rna replication. the 3' genome end also should have the promoter for transcription. substitution for the le with various lengths of trc demonstrated that the ... | 2000 | 10846082 |
| respiratory syncytial virus g and/or sh glycoproteins modify cc and cxc chemokine mrna expression in the balb/c mouse. | chemokine mrna expression by pulmonary leukocytes following infection of balb/c mice with two strains of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and one strain of parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) was determined. the results suggest that rsv g and/or sh proteins inhibit early mip-1alpha, mip-1beta, mip-2, mcp-1, and ip-10 mrna expression. tca-3 mrna expression was found to be increased during piv-3 infection. | 2000 | 10846112 |
| modulation of endothelin-1 expression in pulmonary epithelial cell line (a549) after exposure to rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important respiratory tract pathogens in infants and young children. the airway epithelial cells are the primary target cells for rsv infection. the airway epithelial layer is not only a physical barrier, but also plays a role in a synthesis of a variety of major inflammatory cytokines (il-6, il-8, gm-csf etc.) as previously reported. endothelin-1 (et-1) is a potent bronchoconstrictor and vasoconstrictor factor, and involved in pathogenesis of ... | 2000 | 10851275 |
| the live attenuated subgroup b respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate rsv 2b33f is attenuated and immunogenic in chimpanzees, but exhibits partial loss of the ts phenotype following replication in vivo. | the cold-adapted (ca), temperature-sensitive (ts) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup b vaccine candidate, designated rsv 2b33f, was found previously to be restricted in replication, immunogenic, and protective against wild-type (wt) virus challenge in rodents and african green monkeys. we sought to investigate the level of attenuation, immunogenicity and genetic stability of this vaccine candidate in seronegative chimpanzees. the 2b33f vaccine candidate was attenuated in chimpanzees and ... | 1999 | 10854162 |
| genetic variability in envelope-associated protein genes of closely related group a strains of respiratory syncytial virus. | the genetic and antigenic diversity present in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strains may in part be explained by genetic drift similar to that which occurs with influenza virus b. to study drift in rsv strains, we sequenced the five membrane-associated genes, m, sh, g, f, and m2, from three sets of rsv isolates: one set of seven closely related isolates obtained over 5 years in st. louis, mo, and two sets of four closely related rsv isolates from other communities. we found nucleotide-variab ... | 1999 | 10854168 |
| [acute myocarditis in children. study of 11 clinical cases]. | the diagnosis of acute myocarditis in children is based on histological criteria. often viral in origin, it results in acute left ventricular dysfunction, the clinical manifestations of which are very variable. the potential severity of the disease is maximal in its initial phase, justifying rapid and intensive treatment. long-term outcome is relatively good although there is a risk of chronic left ventricular dysfunction. this retrospective study is based on 11 cases of acute myocarditis admitt ... | 2000 | 10858855 |
| measuring respiratory outcome. | chronic respiratory morbidity is a common outcome of very premature birth. infants who are chronically oxygen dependent with an abnormal chest radiograph are described as suffering from chronic lung disease (cld), and those with the worst abnormalities diagnosed as having bronchopulmonary dysplasia. cld infants are very likely to be readmitted to hospital during infancy, particularly during a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemic. very low birthweight, prematurity and cld are associated wit ... | 2000 | 10859706 |
| iduronic acid-containing glycosaminoglycans on target cells are required for efficient respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human respiratory pathogen, particularly in infants. glycosaminoglycans (gags) have been implicated in the initiation of rsv infection of cultured cells, but it is not clear what type of gags and gag components are involved, whether the important gags are on the virus or the cell, or what the magnitude is of their contribution to infection. we constructed and rescued a recombinant green fluorescent protein (gfp)-expressing rsv (rgrsv) and used th ... | 2000 | 10860881 |
| role of type i ifns in the in vitro attenuation of live, temperature-sensitive vaccine strains of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the contributions of type i interferons (ifns) to the in vitro attenuation of three temperature-sensitive (ts) subgroup a and one subgroup b deletion mutant rsv strains were evaluated. the ability of these vaccine viruses to induce ifns at their permissive and restrictive temperatures and their sensitivity to the antiviral effects of exogenous i ifns were tested in human lung epithelial a549 cells. our results show that the highly attenuated and immunogenic subgroup a vaccine strain ts1c produce ... | 2000 | 10860892 |
| the fusion glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus facilitates virus attachment and infectivity via an interaction with cellular heparan sulfate. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f glycoprotein (rsv-f) can independently interact with immobilized heparin and facilitate both attachment to and infection of cells via an interaction with cellular heparan sulfate. rsv-glycosaminoglycan (gag) interactions were evaluated using heparin-agarose affinity chromatography. rsv-f from a2- and b1/cp-52 (cp-52)-infected cell lysates, rsv-f derived from a recombinant vaccinia virus, and affinity-purified f protein all bound to and were specifically ... | 2000 | 10864656 |
| the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter is regulated by tfii-i. | many viral genes contain core promoters with two basal control elements, the tata box and the pyrimidine-rich initiator (inr). however, the molecular mechanisms involved in transcription initiation from composite core promoters (tata(+) inr(+)) containing inr elements are unclear. the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) long terminal repeat (ltr) contains a transcriptionally potent enhancer and core promoter composed of a tata box and an inr-like sequence, termed the transcription start site core (tssc). p ... | 2000 | 10864664 |
| therapy for respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common viral cause of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infancy and young children. no effective treatment for rsv lower respiratory tract infection (rsv-lrti) exists. ribavirin initially proved to be an effective anti-viral drug for rsv-ltri. however, subsequently performed trials could not reproduce these positive results and, based on the current available evidence, there is no place for ribavirin in the routine treatment of rsv-ltri. th ... | 2000 | 10867842 |
| treatment and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | this review discusses the current knowledge on treatment and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in children. unfortunately, an effective therapy is not yet available. the efficacy of corticosteroids and bronchodilators has not yet been adequately documented and the use of ribavirin is only indicated in a highly selected group of high risk patients with t-cell immunodeficiency. the results of studies on the efficacy of vitamin a, interferon and antibiotics showed disappoin ... | 2000 | 10867843 |
| respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. | the acute respiratory illnesses are the most common type of acute illness in the united states today. the respiratory viruses--which include influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, and adenoviruses--cause the majority of these illnesses. some of these viruses cause illness throughout the year, whereas others are most common in winter. all population groups experience these infections and illnesses. as the number of elderly persons ... | 1997 | 10868136 |
| community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer. | community respiratory viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, and picornaviruses, are an important cause of respiratory disease in the immunocompromised adult with cancer. recent studies have demonstrated that a minimum of 31% of adult bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients and 18% of adults with leukemia who are hospitalized with an acute respiratory illness have a community respiratory virus infection. the temporal occurrence ... | 1997 | 10868137 |
| community respiratory viruses in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | respiratory viruses, particularly influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza viruses, and adenoviruses, are ubiquitous pathogens among humans, especially among young children. however, relatively little is known about the impact of these common infections on individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). a review of the literature identifies three key areas that need further exploration. first, moderate-to-severe and even fatal lower respiratory viral illnesses ... | 1997 | 10868138 |
| respiratory virus infections after marrow transplant: the fred hutchinson cancer research center experience. | respiratory virus infections are becoming increasingly appreciated causes of morbidity and mortality in bone marrow transplant recipients. fred hutchinson cancer research center (fhcrc) has had considerable experience with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza, influenza, and rhinovirus infections in these patients over the past decade. overall, rsv accounted for the majority of community-acquired respiratory virus infections (35%), followed by parainfluenza virus (30%), rhinovirus (2 ... | 1997 | 10868139 |
| community respiratory viruses: organ transplant recipients. | respiratory infections are common after solid organ transplantation, but the significance of community respiratory viral infections in this patient population has not been determined. review of the literature indicates that infection of organ transplant recipients by community respiratory viruses can result in significant morbidity with some associated mortality. these viruses include respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv), influenza virus, and adenovirus. as in normal host ... | 1997 | 10868140 |
| infection control of nosocomial respiratory viral disease in the immunocompromised host. | among immunocompromised adults, such as bone marrow transplant recipients, more than half of respiratory viral infections are complicated by pneumonia, with an associated mortality rate > 50%. nosocomial transmission of respiratory viral pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza, in the immunocompromised patient has been reported frequently and usually occurs during a community outbreak. in view of the poor outcome in this subset of patients, intensive efforts should be ... | 1997 | 10868143 |
| prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza viruses in immunocompromised patients. | immunocompromised patients are vulnerable to severe infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza viruses (piv), and therefore prevention and treatment strategies must be considered. the prevention of rsv disease with high-titer rsv-specific immune globulin has been documented in very young children but has not been systematically studied in high-risk adults. vaccines against rsv and piv are under development, but their use in immunocompromised patients is problematic. ri ... | 1997 | 10868145 |
| structure and self-association of the rous sarcoma virus capsid protein. | the capsid protein (ca) of retroviruses, such as rous sarcoma virus (rsv), consists of two independently folded domains. ca functions as part of a polyprotein during particle assembly and budding and, in addition, forms a shell encapsidating the genomic rna in the mature, infectious virus. | 2000 | 10873863 |
| [nutritional status and clinical evolution of hospitalized chilean infants with infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)]. | respiratory syncycial virus (rsv) is the first cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in chilean infants. a significant impact of nutrition on clinical course of these infections has been described. in order to analyze the association between nutritional status (ns) and clinical course of infants hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infection due to rsv, 130 infants (mean age 5.8 +/- 4.9 m) without chronic diseases, admitted to hospital with confirmed rsv infection, were stu ... | 1999 | 10883296 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is now recognized as a significant problem in certain adult populations. these include the elderly, persons with cardiopulmonary diseases, and immunocompromised hosts. epidemiological evidence indicates that the impact of rsv in older adults may be similar to that of nonpandemic influenza. in addition, rsv has been found to cause 2 to 5% of adult community-acquired pneumonias. attack rates in nursing homes are approximately 5 to 10% per year, with significant ra ... | 2000 | 10885982 |
| effect of coexpression of interleukin-2 by recombinant respiratory syncytial virus on virus replication, immunogenicity, and production of other cytokines. | we constructed rrsv/mil-2, a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rrsv) containing the coding sequence of murine interleukin-2 (mil-2) in a transcription cassette inserted into the g-f intergenic region. the recovered virus (rrsv/mil-2) expressed high levels (up to 2.8 microg/ml) of mil-2 in cell culture. replication of rrsv/mil-2 in vitro was reduced up to 13.6-fold from that of wild-type (wt) rrsv, an effect that was due to the presence of the foreign insert but was not specific to mil-2. ... | 2000 | 10888656 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses with deletions in the ns1, ns2, sh, and m2-2 genes are attenuated in vitro and in vivo. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encodes several proteins that lack well-defined functions; these include ns1, ns2, sh, and m2-2. previous work has demonstrated that ns2, sh, and m2-2 can each be deleted from rsv genome and thus are considered as accessory proteins. to determine whether rsv can replicate efficiently when two or more transcriptional units are deleted, we removed ns1, ns2, sh, and m2-2 genes individually and in different combinations from an infectious cdna clone derived from hum ... | 2000 | 10891423 |
| increased burden of respiratory viral associated severe lower respiratory tract infections in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1. | to determine the burden of viral associated severe lower respiratory tract infections (slrti) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected (hiv+) and hiv-uninfected (hiv-) urban black south african children. | 2000 | 10891826 |
| type 4 phosphodiesterase inhibitors attenuate respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway hyper-responsiveness and lung eosinophilia. | viral respiratory infections are considered one of the triggers of exacerbations of asthma. in a model of virus-induced airway hyper-responsiveness (ahr), mice infected with human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were shown to develop ahr accompanied by lung eosinophilia. inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (pde) have been shown to affect airway responsiveness and pulmonary allergic inflammation. in this study, we assessed the effects of type 4 pde (pde4) inhibitors on ahr followi ... | 2000 | 10900250 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in children hospitalised with acute lower respiratory tract infection. | data are lacking on respiratory syncytial virus. (rsv) respiratory tract infections in children from developing countries. | 2000 | 10901825 |
| homodimeric reverse transcriptases from rous sarcoma virus mutated within the polymerase or rnase h active site of one subunit are active. | heterodimeric reverse transcriptase (rt) alphabeta from rous sarcoma virus (rsv) possesses an asymmetric subunit organization with the polymerase and rnase h active sites localized in the alpha subunit. to determine whether homodimeric rsv rts alpha (63 kda) or beta (95 kda) assume alpha subunit organization similar to that of the heterodimer, an essential aspartic acid residue was mutated in the active site of either the polymerase (asp181 > asn) or the rnase h (asp505 > asn). homodimeric alpha ... | 2000 | 10903507 |
| hospitalisation for rsv infection in ex-preterm infants-implications for use of rsv immune globulin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) specific immune globulin is now being marketed for prevention of rsv infection in ex-preterm infants. however, there are no published uk data on the morbidity or mortality from rsv in these infants. | 2000 | 10906017 |
| infectivity of moloney murine leukemia virus defective in late assembly events is restored by late assembly domains of other retroviruses. | the p12 region of the moloney murine leukemia virus (m-mulv) gag protein contains a pppy motif important for efficient virion assembly and release. to probe the function of the pppy motif, a series of insertions of homologous and heterologous motifs from other retroviruses were introduced at various positions in a mutant gag gene lacking the pppy motif. the assembly defects of the pppy deletion mutant could be rescued by insertion of a wild-type pppy motif and flanking sequences at several ectop ... | 2000 | 10906179 |
| characterization of a novel respiratory syncytial virus-specific human cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitope. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of morbidity in childhood worldwide. the first human rsv-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitope to be defined is described. this hla b7-restricted epitope in nucleoprotein (np) was detectable in four healthy, b7-positive adult subjects using b7-rsv-np tetrameric complexes to stain cd8(+) t cells. | 2000 | 10906229 |
| the role of respiratory viruses in acute and chronic asthma. | respiratory infections can have dual effects related to asthma. first, there is increasing evidence that severe infections with rsv and piv in infancy can alter lung development and physiology to increase the risks of subsequent wheezing and asthma. second, infections with common cold viruses and influenza commonly precipitate wheezing symptoms in children and adults who already have established asthma, and rv appears to be the most important virus in producing exacerbations of the disease. the ... | 2000 | 10907589 |
| [palivizumab--a monoclonal antibody for passive immunoprophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infections]. | rsv is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. the humanised monoclonal antibody has been developed for prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by rsv. palivizumab specifically inhibits subtypes a and b. in a large, multicenter, double-blind, randomised trial in 1502 infants at high risk of rsv infection, intramuscular palivizumab 15 mg/kg reduced the incidence of rsv-attributable hospitalization by 55% compared with placebo. palivizumab was w ... | 2000 | 10909169 |
| long-term effects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infants and young children: a quantitative review. | one of the major questions regarding long-term side effects of bronchiolitis by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is whether or not it induces asthma in later life. in this quantitative review, the data of 10 controlled studies are analysed. | 2000 | 10914957 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced chronic bronchiolitis in experimentally infected calves. | human (rsv) and bovine (brsv) respiratory syncytial virus cause similar infections of the lower respiratory tract. therefore, experimentally infected calves are suited to the study of rsv-induced chronic bronchiolitis. colostrum-fed calves aged 17-24 days were successfully infected with brsv. brsv strain 375 was applied as an aerosol on 4 consecutive days. clinical symptoms were already evident on the 1st day after infection. the calves were necropsied 12 weeks after the first infection. focal s ... | 2000 | 10917178 |
| rehospitalization because of respiratory syncytial virus infection in premature infants younger than 33 weeks of gestation: a prospective study. iris study group. | to collect data on hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and presumptive risk factors for rehospitalization among premature infants in spain. | 2000 | 10917214 |
| clinical and financial benefits of rapid detection of respiratory viruses: an outcomes study. | to assess the expected benefits of rapid reporting of respiratory viruses, we compared patients whose samples were processed using standard techniques such as enzyme immunoassays, shell vial assays, and culture tube assays (year 1) to patients whose samples were processed with the same standard techniques in addition to immunofluorescent testing (fa) directly on cytocentrifuged samples (year 2). the cytospin fa screened for influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainflue ... | 2000 | 10921934 |
| long-term effects of prednisolone in the acute phase of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | follow-up studies have demonstrated that bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is strongly associated with wheezing in the ensuing years. during the acute infection the immune response may induce long-lasting detrimental effects, thereby contributing to post-bronchiolitis wheezing (pbw). therefore, immune-modulating drugs like corticosteroids, administered in the acute phase of rsv bronchiolitis, may prevent pbw and asthma. to evaluate this, we performed a controlled prospect ... | 2000 | 10922130 |
| novel pathways in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of severe respiratory infections in infants and children. extensive research in past decades has expanded our knowledge regarding the specific mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of rsv bronchiolitis and subsequent chronic obstructive airway disease. studies of rsv infection are performed in humans, cell culture models, and animal models, each with their own specific limitations. a recently developed murine model in which pulmonary dysfunc ... | 2000 | 10922135 |
| antiviral activity of nmso3 against respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | nmso3, a sulfated sialyl lipid was evaluated for its efficacy against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other myxovirus infections in cell culture. the median effective concentration (50% effective concentration, ec(50)) of nmso3 against replication of the long strain of rsv in hep-2 cells was 0.2 and 0.32 microm by optical elisa and the plaque reduction method, respectively. on the other hand, the corresponding values for ribavirin were 10.5 and 11.2 microm, respectively. nmso3 showed poten ... | 2000 | 10930645 |
| cleavage of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein is required for its surface expression: role of furin. | the fusion (f) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is synthesized as a nonfusogenic precursor protein (f(0)), which during its migration to the cell surface is activated by cleavage into the disulfide-linked f(1) and f(2) subunits. in the present study, soluble secreted human furin produced by a recombinant baculovirus cleaved rsv f(0) into proteins the size of f(1) and f(2). furthermore, cleavage of f(0) was partially inhibited in the furin defective lovo cell line, in calcium dep ... | 2000 | 10930660 |
| predominant type-2 response in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection demonstrated by cytokine flow cytometry. | acute rsv infection in infancy may produce some asthma-like symptoms and may be followed by a recurrent wheeze later in childhood. it has been proposed that rsv infection stimulates type-2 cytokine responses, resembling those found in atopy and asthma. peripheral blood cells were obtained from rsv-infected infants (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 10). after in vitro restimulation of the cells, intracellular il-4 and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) were measured by flow cytometry. the cells from r ... | 2000 | 10931150 |
| respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in the hospital setting: length of stay, charges, and mortality. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children worldwide. no vaccine against rsv is available, but prophylactic interventions have been shown to be safe and effective in clinical trials. | 2000 | 10931416 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia]. | to determine the incidence and distribution of infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia. | 2000 | 10932396 |
| critical roles for interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 during respiratory syncytial virus infection in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness after airway sensitization. | in mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can enhance the consequences of allergic airway sensitization, resulting in lung eosinophilia and the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) to inhaled methacholine (mch). to delineate a role for interleukin-5 (il-5), interleukin-4 (il-4), and interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) in mediating the effects of rsv infection on subsequent allergic sensitization, we treated balb/c mice with anti-il-5 during acute rsv infection but not during subse ... | 2000 | 10934057 |
| the otx2 homeoprotein regulates expression from the gonadotropin-releasing hormone proximal promoter. | the gnrh gene is expressed exclusively in a highly restricted population of approximately 800 neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus in the mouse. the otx2 homeoprotein has been shown to colocalize with gnrh in embryonic mouse brain. we have identified a highly conserved bicoid-related otx target sequence within the proximal promoter region of the gnrh gene from several species. this element from the rat gnrh promoter binds baculovirus-expressed otx2 protein and otx2 protein in nuclear extracts ... | 2000 | 10935548 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis: impact on epidemiology. | to better understand the spectrum of disease among hospitalised children infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and to assess the potential impact of passive immunoprophylaxis on rsv hospitalisation rates, we analysed all patients infected with rsv who were admitted to a paediatric teaching hospital over a 3-year period. | 2000 | 10937464 |
| the efficiency of different iress (internal ribosomes entry site) in monocistronic mrnas. | the ires from poliovirus and from encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) added between the cap and the aug initiator codon were strong inhibitors of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene expression in three different cell types. the poliovirus ires also inhibited bgh (bovine growth hormone) cdna expression in the hc11 mammary cell line when added between the rabbit whey acidic gene promoter and the cdna whereas the htlv-1 ires showed a stimulatory effect in the same situation. rna stem loops were ad ... | 2000 | 10939522 |
| [relationship between respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and asthma]. | data of the literature over the last 20 years indicate that infantile asthma, although heterogeneous, often appears following rsv bronchiotitis, especially when sufficiently severe to justify hospitalisation. the risk of developing episodes of wheezing (bronchial obstruction syndrome) over the following 2 to 3 years is higher than 50%, but estimations vary according to the authors. functional disturbances (pulmonary distension, nonspecific bronchial hypperreactivity, hypoxia), with or without as ... | 2000 | 10941477 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised adults. | the past decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the existence, frequency, and potential lethality of community respiratory virus infections such as rsv in some subsets of immunocompromised adults. the enigmatic "idiopathic pneumonia" and "pneumonia of unknown origin" have become more fathomable. as a result, a simple upper respiratory illness in a high-risk immunocompromised adult is no longer viewed as trivial. the paramount importance of simple hygienic practices has been underscored, ... | 2000 | 10943527 |
| effect of intercistronic length on internal ribosome entry site (ires) efficiency in bicistronic mrna. | specific structures found in the mrna of picornavirus are known to allow a cap-independent translation. these structures, named internal ribosome entry sites (ires), are also able to favor translation of the second cistron in bicistronic mrnas. their mechanism of action is not well understood. in the present study, two iress have been used: the ires from poliovirus and a newly discovered ires (sur) composed of the 5' p untranslated sequence from sv40 early genes, the r structure, and a small par ... | 1999 | 10947079 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in allergically sensitized mice is inhibited by live rsv and exacerbated by formalin-inactivated rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced disease is associated with recurrent episodes of wheezing in children, and an effective vaccine currently is not available. the use of 2 immunizations (a formalin-inactivated, alum-precipitated rsv vaccine [fi-rsv] given intramuscularly and live rsv given intranasally [lvin]), with a control immunization, were compared in a well-characterized model of rsv challenge, with or without concomitant allergic sensitization with ovalbumin. fi-rsv caused a signif ... | 2000 | 10950758 |
| oral immunization of mice with transgenic tomato fruit expressing respiratory syncytial virus-f protein induces a systemic immune response. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important pathogens of infancy and early childhood. here a fruit-based edible subunit vaccine against rsv was developed by expressing the rsv fusion (f) protein gene in transgenic tomato plants. the f-gene was expressed in ripening tomato fruit under the control of the fruit-specific e8 promoter. oral immunization of mice with ripe transgenic tomato fruits led to the induction of both serum and mucosal rsv-f specific antibodies. the ratio of i ... | 2000 | 10951696 |
| synergistic upregulation of interleukin-8 secretion from pulmonary epithelial cells by direct and monocyte-dependent effects of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the major cause of severe bronchiolitis in infants. pathology of this infection is partly due to excessive proinflammatory leukocyte influx mediated by chemokines. although direct infection of the respiratory epithelium by rsv may induce chemokine secretion, little is known about the role of cytokine networks. we investigated the effects of conditioned medium (cm) from rsv-infected monocytes (rsv-cm) on respiratory epithelial (a549) cell chemokine r ... | 2000 | 10954542 |
| membrane targeting properties of a herpesvirus tegument protein-retrovirus gag chimera. | the retroviral gag protein is capable of directing the production and release of virus-like particles in the absence of all other viral components. budding normally occurs after gag is transported to the plasma membrane by its membrane-targeting and -binding (m) domain. in the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag protein, the m domain is contained within the first 86 amino acids. when m is deleted, membrane association and budding fail to occur. budding is restored when m is replaced with foreign membra ... | 2000 | 10954570 |
| direct exposure of mouse spermatogenic cells to high doses of adenovirus gene therapy vector does not result in germ cell transduction. | the potential for adenovirus gene therapy vectors to gain access to male germ cells was rigorously tested in the mouse by injecting high titers of the vector directly into the testis and epididymis, or by exposing sperm to the vector immediately prior to or during in vitro fertilization. the adenovirus vector carried the bacterial lacz gene (adbeta-gal) driven by the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) promoter, and infection was assessed by testing for lacz expression, either with antibodies to lacz prote ... | 2000 | 10954904 |
| differential cytokine mrna expression in dermatophagoides farinae allergen-sensitized and respiratory syncytial virus-infected mice. | the interaction between mite allergen sensitization and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection at the level of cytokine mrna expression was examined in a murine model in the present study. primary rsv infection enhances expression of inflammatory cytokines such as il-6, ifn-gamma, and eotaxin in the lung and upregulates the expression of th2-like cytokines il-10 and il-13 in the spleen in balb/c mice. mite antigen-sensitized and rsv-infected (asrsv) mice show enhanced (p < 0.05) total serum ... | 2000 | 10955955 |
| immune-mediated disease pathogenesis in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of severe respiratory disease in persons at both extremes of age. wheezing is a cardinal sign of infection and the illness is associated with an increased incidence of childhood asthma. data from both humans and animal models have linked severe disease in infants and the syndrome of vaccine-enhanced illness with an aberrant composition of cd4+ t cells, suggestive of an exaggerated th2 response. studies in murine models have shown that prior ... | 2000 | 10960663 |
| tautomers of styrylquinoline derivatives containing a methoxy substituent: computation of their population in aqueous solution and their interaction with rsv integrase catalytic core. | 8-hydroxy-2-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-7-quinoline carboxylic acid and 8-hydroxy-2-[2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-7-quinoline carboxylic acid inhibit the processing and strand transfer reactions catalyzed by hiv-1 integrase with an ic50 of 2 microm. some of their spectral properties are briefly reported. their fluorescence is so weak that it is of no use in an experimental determination of the binding to the protein and we resorted to computer simulation. both styrylquinoline ... | 2000 | 10961674 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of infection control. | to determine the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of an infection control program to reduce nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission in a large pediatric hospital. | 2000 | 10969097 |
| growth inhibition of prostate cancer by an adenovirus expressing a novel tumor suppressor gene, phyde. | it has been estimated that there will be > 180,400 new cases of prostate cancer and 31,900 prostate cancer deaths in the united states this year. new therapeutic strategies against locally advanced prostate cancer are desperately needed. a novel gene (phyde) was identified by an improved cdna competition hybridization technique for dunning rat prostate cancer cell lines. a recombinant replication-deficient e1/e3-deleted adenovirus type 5 containing a phyde gene under the control of a truncated r ... | 2000 | 10969787 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections in children's wards. | during community outbreak, nosocomial infections caused by both groups (a and b) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) occur as the most common nosocomial infections at pediatric wards. rsv cross-infection is considered to have taken place when a child acquires an infection after being in the ward longer than 7 days, and its frequency at the ward could be calculated in several ways. that frequency ranges worldwide between 30% and 70% in neonatal units, and between 20% and 40% at pediatric wards. ... | 2000 | 10974574 |
| time course of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in mechanically ventilated infants. | the time course of intensive care for severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract illness may be predicted by the severity of gas exchange during the first 48 h of mechanical ventilation. to test this hypothesis, two studies were undertaken in rsv-positive mechanically ventilated patients who did not have chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease or immunodeficiency. first, a retrospective criteria-generating review of 45 infants was carried out. in these infants, more ... | 2000 | 10976834 |
| cytokeratin 17 is expressed in cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus via nf-kappab activation and is associated with the formation of cytopathic syncytia. | we used differential display to detect enhanced expression of an mrna fragment encoding cytokeratin 17 (ck-17) in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected epithelial cells. expression increased 12-fold by 96 h after infection but remained unchanged in cells challenged with virus in the presence of neutralizing anti-rsv fusion protein antibody. immunoblots of rsv-infected cell lysates probed with an anti-keratin antibody demonstrated stable expression of total cytokeratins over time. when probe ... | 2000 | 10979895 |
| pertussis toxin sensitization alters the pathogenesis of subsequent respiratory syncytial virus infection. | evidence suggests that both host and viral factors influence disease severity after infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). to characterize the effects of pertussis toxin (pt) sensitization on subsequent rsv infection, balb/c mice were treated with pt parenterally before rsv challenge. priming with purified and detoxified pt before rsv challenge increased postchallenge weight loss and mortality. pt priming changed the kinetics, location, and composition of the cellular infiltrate in th ... | 2000 | 10979896 |
| conservation of the respiratory syncytial virus sh gene. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encodes a short (64 or 65 amino acids) hydrophobic (sh) protein whose function in viral replication and pathogenesis is not understood. we carried out molecular epidemiological studies of the sh gene during the 1998-1999 seasonal epidemic in new haven, connecticut. strains circulating during the epidemic were related to viruses identified worldwide. the sh gene transcriptional control signals were conserved in 70 (98.6%) of 71 isolates that we sequenced. the ded ... | 2000 | 10979923 |
| wheezing following lower respiratory tract infections with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a in infancy. | we examined the incidence of subsequent wheezing in 292 children, hospitalized for influenza a or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection, during two consecutive seasons (november-december, 1993 and march-april, 1995). questionnaires concerning episodes of wheezing and known risk factors for wheezy bronchitis were mailed to parents 1 year after hospitalization. sixty per cent of parents reported two or more episodes of wheezing following either influenza a or rsv. hos ... | 2000 | 10981530 |
| inhaled corticosteroids during and after respiratory syncytial virus-bronchiolitis may decrease subsequent asthma. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy can lead to bronchial hyper-reactivity or recurrent obstructive bronchitis. the aim of the present study was to determine whether the type of treatment has an influence on respiratory status after rsv bronchiolitis. the study involved 117 infants (mean age 2.6 months), who needed hospital treatment because of rsv bronchiolitis. the patients were divided randomly into three groups. all received the same symptomatic treatment. group i chil ... | 2000 | 10981531 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus that does not express the ns1 or m2-2 protein is highly attenuated and immunogenic in chimpanzees. | mutant recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv) which cannot express the ns1 and m2-2 proteins, designated ra2deltans1 and ra2deltam2-2, respectively, were evaluated as live-attenuated rsv vaccines. the ra2deltans1 virus contains a large deletion that should have the advantageous property of genetic stability during replication in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, ra2deltans1 replicated approximately 10-fold less well than wild-type recombinant rsv (ra2), while ra2deltam2-2 had delayed growth ... | 2000 | 10982380 |
| respiratory syncytial virus in patients with congenital heart disease: a contemporary look at epidemiology and success of preoperative screening. | awareness of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as a serious pathogen in the child with congenital heart disease is increasing. we studied the impact of rsv lower respiratory tract disease on patients in a large academic pediatric cardiology practice. we found that rsv disease necessitating hospitalization occurs in congenital heart disease patients well into the second year of life. although pulmonary hypertension remains a significant risk factor for morbidity in these patients, it does not app ... | 2000 | 10982701 |
| in vivo adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy of orthotopic bladder cancer. | these studies were undertaken to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of suicide gene therapy using adenoviral-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (adv/rsv-tk) and the prodrug ganciclovir (gcv) in an orthotopic murine bladder cancer model. we utilized a replication-defective adenoviral construct containing the beta-galactosidase gene as a control and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene as the therapeutic vector under the transcription control of the rous sarcoma ... | 2000 | 10985951 |
| [treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised hematological patients]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) accounts for considerable morbidity among infants and elderly, that are otherwise immunocompetent. immunocompromised haematological patients--in particular bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients with leukopenia--are at high risk for severe, usually fatal, rsv-pneumonia. no randomized, placebo-controlled studies of aerosolized ribavirin for bmt patients with rsv-pneumonia have been conducted, or can be anticipated. we summarize existing case reports providing ci ... | 2000 | 10986889 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: the "cold war" has not ended. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards during its annual outbreaks. it produces significant morbidity in young children and is most severe in those with underlying conditions, especially cardiopulmonary and immunosuppressive diseases. in older patients, rsv may exacerbate an underlying condition or pulmonary and cardiac manifestations. on transplant units, of rsv may be occult and is associated with high mortality rates. the manifestations of nosocomial ... | 2000 | 10987726 |
| in vitro growth profiles of respiratory syncytial virus in the presence of influenza virus. | to elucidate epidemiological interference between respiratory syncytial (rsv) and influenza viruses, the influence of influenza a (hln1) virus on the growth of rsv was examined. although rsv grew in mdck cells, coinfection with influenza a virus led to a reduction of progeny rsv. the degree of growth interference depended on the time of infection with influenza a virus post infection (p.i.) with rsv. in fact, infection with influenza a virus 12 hrs p.i. with rsv did not influence growth of the l ... | 2000 | 10989700 |
| dna encoding the attachment (g) or fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus induces protection in the absence of pulmonary inflammation. | significant protection against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was induced in mice vaccinated intramuscularly (i.m.) with dna encoding the f or g protein of rsv. the amounts of igg1 of igg2a antibodies in mice immunized with dna-g alone were similar. however, the antibody response in mice co-immunized with dna-g and dna encoding il-4 (dna-il-4) was strongly biased towards igg1. in contrast, the antibody response in mice co-immunized with dna-g and dna-il-2, -il-12 or-ifn-gamma was bi ... | 2000 | 10993942 |
| sendai virus internal fusion peptide: structural and functional characterization and a plausible mode of viral entry inhibition. | viral glycoproteins catalyze the fusion between viral and cellular membranes. the fusion protein (f(1)) of sendai virus has two fusion peptides. one is located at its n-terminus and the other, highly homologous to the hiv-1 and rsv fusion peptides, in the interior of the f(1) protein. a synthetic peptide corresponding to the internal fusogenic domain, namely, sv-201, was found to inhibit virus-cell fusion without interfering with the binding of the virus to the target cells, thus highlighting th ... | 2000 | 10995225 |
| heptad-repeat regions of respiratory syncytial virus f1 protein form a six-membered coiled-coil complex. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusogenic glycoprotein f(1) was characterized using biochemical and biophysical techniques. two heptad-repeat (hr) regions within f(1) were shown to interact. proteinase-k digestion experiments highlight the hr1 region (located proximal to the fusion peptide sequence) of the f(1) protein to which an hr2-derived (located proximal to the membrane-spanning domain) peptide binds, thus protecting both the protein and peptide from digestion. solution-phase analysi ... | 2000 | 10995236 |
| abnormal middle ear pressures during experimental influenza a virus infection--role of eustachian tube function. | experimental infection of adults with influenza a virus, rhinovirus or rsv causes abnormal me pressure in some, but not all subjects. the hypothesis tested in this study is that the response variability is caused by constitutional differences in the functioning of the eustachian tube. | 2000 | 10996490 |
| the effect of passive smoking on the development of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | in spite of the increasing evidence that passive smoking increases the incidence of respiratory infections and bronchial hyper-responsiveness, the information about whether exposure to sudden heavy smoke enhances the development of acute respiratory infections in children remains inadequate. in this study, to quantitate the level of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, in 28 children (age ranging 2-18 months) with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and in 30 children (age rangin ... | 2000 | 10997834 |
| chemokines in nasal secretions of normal adults experimentally infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | the goal of this study was to determine time courses of upregulation of several chemokines in nasal secretions after inoculation of human subjects with a low dose of live respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). healthy, nonsmoking young adults were admitted to an inpatient clinical research unit. after baseline studies, subjects were nasally inoculated with approximately 10(3) plaque-forming units of rsv (strain a2), followed by daily nasal lavages. nasal lavage fluid (nlf) was assayed for chemokines ... | 2000 | 10998316 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in high risk infants and the potential impact of prophylaxis in a united kingdom cohort. | bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of morbidity in ex-premature infants. in a randomised placebo controlled trial monoclonal antibody prophylaxis showed a 55% reduction in relative risk of hospital admission for these high risk infants, against a background incidence of 10.6 admissions per 100 high risk infants. | 2000 | 10999865 |
| rous sarcoma virus dr posttranscriptional elements use a novel rna export pathway. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv), a simple retrovirus, needs to export unspliced viral rna from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, circumventing the host cell restriction on cytoplasmic expression of intron-containing rna. the cytoplasmic accumulation of full-length viral rna is promoted by two cis-acting direct repeat (dr) elements that flank the src gene; at least one copy of the dr sequence is necessary for viral replication. we show here that the dr mediates export of a reporter construct from the nucleu ... | 2000 | 11000220 |