Publications

biodegradation kinetics of picric acid by rhodococcus sp.njust16 in batch reactors.	biological degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (tnp) by rhodococcus sp.njust16 in mineral salt medium was investigated in shake-flask experiments at ph of 7.0 and 30 degrees c, over a wide range of initial tnp concentration (20-800 mgl(-1)). the tnp was observed to be the inhibitory compound. for the studied concentration range, haldane's model could be fitted to the growth kinetics data well with the kinetic constants mu(max)=0.2362 h(-1), k(s)=9.9131 mgl(-1) and k(i)=362.7411 mgl(-1). further, ...	2009	19185996
[application of biological aerated filter in treating biomass wastewater and its microbial population characteristics].	biomass wastewater contains plenty of cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, saccharide, organic acid and protein. it has high cod value and leads to environment pollution and resource waste. biomass wastewater was treated in this investigate using a biological aerated filter (baf) on laboratory scale, and the effect of treatment in different hydraulic retention time (hrt) had been studied. the results show that the optimum hrt is 10 h. the value of cod and tn in effluent is 74.90 mg/l and 1.21 mg/l ...	2008	19186816
[functional correlation of dibenzothiophene and benzothiophene desulfurization enzymes].	gordonia sp. c-6 can desulfurize benzothiophene (bt) as the pathway similar to the "4s" pathway of dibenzothiophene (dbt)-desulfurizing, but the strain can not grow with dbt as the sole sulfur source. at current, there were not related reports on bt-desulfurizing genes at home or abroad. the dbt-desulfurizing genes of rhodocossus erythropolis ds-3, dsza, dszb, dszc and dszabc were introduced into gordonia sp. c-6 respectively using a rhodococcus-e. coli shuttle vector, to construct new recombina ...	2008	19186822
effect of substrate interaction on the degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene by rhodococcus sp.	it was examined the substrate interactions of benzene (b), tolulene (t), ethylbenzene (e), xylene (x), and methyl tert-butyl ether (m) in binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary mixtures by rhodococcus sp. eh831 that could aerobically degrade all of five single components. the specific degradation rates (sdrs) of b, t, e, x, and m were 234, 913, 131, 184 and 139 micromol g-dry cell weight (dcw)(-1)h(-1), respectively. in binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary mixtures of them, ethylbenzene wa ...	2009	19201538
molecular characterization of rhodococcus equi from horse-breeding farms by means of multiplex pcr for the vap gene family.	this study evaluated the molecular characteristics of rhodococcus equi isolates obtained from horses by a multiplex pcr assay that amplifies the vap gene family (vapa, -b, -c, -d, -e, -f, -g, and -h). a total of 180 r. equi isolates were studied from four different sources, namely healthy horse feces (112), soil (12), stalls (23), and clinical isolates (33) from horse-breeding farms. the technique was performed and confirmed by sequencing of amplified vap gene family controls. thirty-two (17.8%) ...	2009	19205798
new alk genes detected in antarctic marine sediments.	alkane monooxygenases (alk) are the key enzymes for alkane degradation. in order to understand the dispersion and diversity of alk genes in antarctic marine environments, this study analysed by clone libraries the presence and diversity of alk genes (alkb and alkm) in sediments from admiralty bay, king george island, peninsula antarctica. the results show a differential distribution of alk genes between the sites, and the predominant presence of new alk genes, mainly in the pristine site. sequen ...	2009	19207566
antimicrobial properties of the equine alpha-defensin defa1 against bacterial horse pathogens.	defensins are small effector molecules of the innate immune system, synthesised by various organisms including plants and animals. the peptides act as endogenous antibiotics with an antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of microbes including bacteria, fungi and viruses. alpha-defensins are a subgroup of the defensin family, their synthesis is limited to some tissues and furthermore to some mammalian species including the horse. equine defa1 is an enteric alpha-defensin exclusively prod ...	2009	19211153
rhodococcus aetherivorans iar1, a new bacterial strain synthesizing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) from toluene.	toluene is the volatile organic compound (voc) that is most abundantly emitted to the environment. here, we report a new bacterial strain, iar1, which synthesizes polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) from toluene as the sole carbon source. using physiological tests and phylogenetic analysis, iar1 was identified as rhodococcus aetherivorans. degradation of toluene by resting iar1 cells followed michaelis-menten kinetics. the determined kinetic parameters showed that the degradation ability of iar1 is sligh ...	2009	19217552
[pulmonary malacoplakia associated with rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with aids].		2009	19218010
metabolic shift in the phytopathogen rhodococcus fascians in response to cell-free extract of infected tobacco plant tissues.	the phytopathogen rhodococcus fascians induces the development of leafy gall, which is considered to be its ecological niche. to obtain a view of the metabolic changes occurring in r. fascians during this process, an in vitro system was used where bacteria are grown in the presence of a leafy gall extract, a condition mimicking that found by the bacteria in infected plants. proteins of r. fascians grown for 24 h under these conditions were displayed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrop ...	2009	19219499
enhanced production of amidase from rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 1526 by medium optimisation using a statistical experimental design.	in the present work, statistical experimental methodology was used to enhance the production of amidase from rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 1526. r. erythropolis mtcc 1526 was selected through screening of seven strains of rhodococcus species. the placket-burman screening experiments suggested that sorbitol as carbon source, yeast extract and meat peptone as nitrogen sources, and acetamide as amidase inducer are the most influential media components. the concentrations of these four media compone ...	2009	19221820
metagenomics revealed a quorum quenching lactonase qlca from yet unculturable soil bacteria.	quorum sensing (qs) is a signal mediated cell-cell communication system that couples bacterial cell density to a synchronized gene expression (fuqua et al., 1994). mostly, in gram negative bacteria qs signals are n-acylhomoserine lactones (nahls) that coordinate important functions such as virulence and pathogenicity. qs signals or the elements involved in their production or perception could be targeted to disrupt qs, a phenomenon called quorum quenching (qq). qq properties (chemicals and enzym ...	2008	19226736
isolation, identification and characterization of a novel rhodococcus sp. strain in biodegradation of tetrahydrofuran and its medium optimization using sequential statistics-based experimental designs.	statistics-based experimental designs were applied to optimize the culture conditions for tetrahydrofuran (thf) degradation by a newly isolated rhodococcus sp. yyl that tolerates high thf concentrations. single factor experiments were undertaken for determining the optimum range of each of four factors (initial ph and concentrations of k(2)hpo(4).3h(2)o, nh(4)cl and yeast extract) and these factors were subsequently optimized using the response surface methodology. the plackett-burman design was ...	2009	19230656
[phenol degradation by rhodococcus opacus strain 1g].	during cultivation in a liquid medium, the bacterium rhodococcus opacus 1g was capable of growing on phenol at a concentration of up to 0.75 g/l. immobilization of rhodococcus opacus 1g had a positive effect on cell growth in the presence of phenol at high concentrations. the substrate at concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 g/l was completely utilized over 24 and 48 h, respectively. the key enzymes of phenol degradation (two pyrocatechol 1,2-dioxygenases and muconate cycloisomerase) were isolated. one ...	2009	19235509
malacoplakia of the tongue: a case report and clinicopathologic review of 6 cases.	extra-urogenital tract malacoplakia is uncommon, with tongue malacoplakia being exceptionally rare. the nonspecific clinical presentation and variable histologic patterns can make recognition of this lesion and separation from other lesions challenging. there are only a few reported cases in the english literature.	2009	19239951
synergistic and antagonistic hemolytic activities of bacteria of genus arcanobacterium and camp-like hemolysis of arcanobacterium phocae and arcanobacterium haemolyticum with psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus.	a total of 57 bacteria representing eight species of genus arcanobacterium (a.) were investigated for hemolytic properties on blood agar containing sheep and rabbit blood and for camp-like reactions. an enhanced hemolysis on blood agar containing rabbit blood compared to sheep blood could be observed for a. haemolyticum, less pronounced for a. hippocoleae and a. pluranimalium. a synergistic hemolytic reaction with staphylococcal beta-hemolysin appeared to be constantly visible for a. hippocoleae ...	2009	19249067
lateral transfer of genes for hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) degradation.	recent studies demonstrated that degradation of the military explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) by species of rhodococcus, gordonia, and williamsia is mediated by a novel cytochrome p450 with a fused flavodoxin reductase domain (xpla) in conjunction with a flavodoxin reductase (xplb). pulse field gel analysis was used to localize xpla to extrachromosomal elements in a rhodococcus sp. and distantly related microbacterium sp. strain ma1. comparison of rhodococcus rhodochrous 1 ...	2009	19270122
respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients.	immunosuppressive states and therapies are becoming common in clinical practice. recent advances and trends in bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic pulmonary infections in immunosuppressed patients are described.	2009	19276812
media optimization for biosurfactant production by rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 2794: artificial intelligence versus a statistical approach.	this paper entails a comprehensive study on production of a biosurfactant from rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 2794. two optimization techniques--(1) artificial neural network (ann) coupled with genetic algorithm (ga) and (2) response surface methodology (rsm)--were used for media optimization in order to enhance the biosurfactant yield by rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 2794. ann and rsm models were developed, incorporating the quantity of four medium components (sucrose, yeast extract, meat pepton ...	2009	19283419
the influence of age and rhodococcus equi infection on cd1 expression by equine antigen presenting cells.	there is a distinct age-associated susceptibility of horses to rhodococcus equi infection. initial infection is thought to occur in the neonatal and perinatal period, and only foals less than 6 months of age are typically affected. r. equi is closely related and structurally similar to mycobacterium tuberculosis, and causes similar pathologic lesions. protective immune responses to m. tuberculosis involve classical major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted t cells that recognize peptide ...	2009	19285733
[rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in a hiv-infected patient and radiological worsening following treatment: case report].		2008	19296001
isolation and characterization of rhodococcus sp. y22 and its potential application to tobacco processing.	a novel nicotine-degrading bacterium, strain y22, was isolated and identified as rhodococcus sp. y22 based on its 16s rdna sequence and morphological and biochemical features. the isolate could utilize nicotine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. nicotine (1.0g/l) was degraded by rhodococcus sp. y22 within 52h at 28 degrees c and ph 7.0. preparation of resting cells from nicotine-induced cultures was found to rapidly and efficiently degrade nicotine from solutions as well as from tobacco ...	2009	19298855
rhodococcus equi comes of age.		2009	19301589
the most-probable-number enumeration of dichlobenil and 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (bam) degrading microbes in finnish aquifers.	in groundwater subsurface deposits and a topsoil from five aquifers having 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (bam) in water, we determined the most-probable-number (mpn) of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil) and metabolite bam degrading microorganisms. dichlobenil and bam were combined nitrogen sources in the mpn tubes, which were scored positive at concentrations <75% after 1 month incubation. aerobic and anaerobic microbes degrading dichlobenil and bam were common in samples in low numbers of 3.6-210 ...	2009	19326247
acute osteomyelitis caused by rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent child.	rhodococcus equi is an unusual pathogen causing infections mostly in immunocompromised patients, particularly in those with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). it has rarely been reported to affect immunocompetent hosts, where it usually presents as an isolated extrapulmonary lesion. we report a case of osteomyelitis caused by this organism in an immunocompetent host.	2009	19332935
analysis of force interactions between afm tips and hydrophobic bacteria using dlvo theory.	microbial adhesion to surfaces and interfaces is strongly influenced by their structure and physicochemical properties. we used atomic force microscopy (afm) to measure the forces between chemically functionalized afm tips and two bacterial species exhibiting different cell surface hydrophobicities, measured as the oil/water contact angle (theta): acinetobacter venetianus rag-1 (theta = 56.4 degrees ) and rhodococcus erythropolis 20s-e1-c (theta = 152.9 degrees ). the forces were measured as the ...	2009	19334745
biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and di-n-butyl phthalate by rhodococcus sp. l4 isolated from activated sludge.	in this study, an aerobic bacterial strain capable of utilizing dimethyl phthalate (dmp), diethyl phthalate (dep) and di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) as sole carbon source and energy was isolated from activated sludge collected from a dyeing plant. according to its morphology, physiochemical characteristics and 16s rdna sequence, the strain was identified as rhodococcus ruber. the biodegradation batch tests of dmp, dep and dbp by the rhodococcus sp. l4 showed the optimal ph value, temperature and sub ...	2009	19342169
crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of vitamin d3 hydroxylase, a novel cytochrome p450 isolated from pseudonocardia autotrophica.	vitamin d(3) hydroxylase (vdh) is a novel cytochrome p450 monooxygenase isolated from the actinomycete pseudonocardia autotrophica and consisting of 403 amino-acid residues. vdh catalyzes the activation of vitamin d(3) via sequential hydroxylation reactions: these reactions involve the conversion of vitamin d(3) (cholecalciferol or vd3) to 25-hydroxyvitamin d(3) [25(oh)vd3] and the subsequent conversion of 25(oh)vd3 to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) [calciferol or 1alpha,25(oh)(2)vd3]. overexpr ...	2009	19342783
patterns of phenolic compounds in leafy galls of tobacco.	the chemical composition of ethanolic and aqueous extracts from leafy galls produced after infection of nicotiana tabacum l. plants with rhodococcus fascians was drastically changed compared to uninfected controls. chlorogenic acid was abundant both in uninfected and infected plants, but caffeic acid and another cinnamoyl analogue were new in leafy galls. the most pronounced product induced in leafy galls was identified as 7-o-methyl-6-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl coumarin (7-methyl esculin). this is ...	1997	19343412
self-subunit swapping chaperone needed for the maturation of multimeric metalloenzyme nitrile hydratase by a subunit exchange mechanism also carries out the oxidation of the metal ligand cysteine residues and insertion of cobalt.	the incorporation of cobalt into low molecular mass nitrile hydratase (l-nhase) of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 has been found to depend on the alpha-subunit exchange between cobalt-free l-nhase (apo-l-nhase lacking oxidized cysteine residues) and its cobalt-containing mediator (holo-nhlae containing cys-so(2)(-) and cys-so(-) metal ligands), this novel mode of post-translational maturation having been named self-subunit swapping, and nhle having been recognized as a self-subunit swapping chaperon ...	2009	19346246
analysis of benzene-induced effects on rhodococcus sp. 33 reveals that constitutive processes play a major role in conferring tolerance.	most studies investigating mechanisms that confer microorganisms with tolerance to solvents have often focused on adaptive responses following exposure, while less attention has been given to inherent, or constitutive, processes that prevail at the onset of exposure to a toxic solvent. in this study, we investigated several properties of the highly solvent-tolerant bacterium rhodococcus sp. 33 that confer it with a tolerance to high concentrations of benzene. when challenged with liquid benzene, ...	2009	19347232
young foal and adult horse monocyte-derived dendritic cells differ by their degree of phenotypic maturity.	newborn foals are very susceptible to infections by opportunistic pathogens such as rhodococcus equi. this susceptibility is thought to be due to the immaturity of their immune system, in particular their inability to produce interferon-gamma. this deficiency may result from an insufficiency in accessory signals. we therefore compared monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modc) from foals and from adult horses. cd172, mhc-i and mhc-ii were generally expressed on more than 90% modc from foals and adu ...	2009	19349079
[role of exogenic precursors in formation of surface-active substances during cultivation rhodoococcus erythiropolis ek-1 on ethanol].	a possibility to intensify synthesis of surfactants of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 under the presence of citrate (lipid synthesis regulator) and fumarate (gluconeogenesis precursor) has been shown. a 40-100% increase of indices of surfactants synthesis with introduction of cytrate (0.1%) and fumerate (0.2%) in the beginning of the stationary producer growth phase is determined by activation of gluconeogenetic branch of metabolism and by intensification of lipids synthesis that was evidenced by ...	2008	19351043
functional expression of three rieske non-heme iron oxygenases derived from actinomycetes in rhodococcus species for investigation of their degradation capabilities of dibenzofuran and chlorinated dioxins.	the activity of rieske non-heme iron oxygenases (aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenases, ahdos) is important for the bacterial degradation of aromatic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins. during our analysis of the role of ahdos in dioxin bioremediation, some enzymes derived from high g + c gram-positive actinomycetes were difficult to produce in active form in the escherichia coli protein expression system. in this study, we constructed a heterologous expression system fo ...	2009	19352040
insights into sequence-activity relationships amongst baeyer-villiger monooxygenases as revealed by the intragenomic complement of enzymes from rhodococcus jostii rha1.	microbial genome sequences are providing a wealth of information on new enzymes that have considerable potential as biocatalysts. the recently sequenced genome of rhodococcus jostii rha1, for example, has revealed an impressive array of catabolic enzymes, including many putative baeyer-villiger monooxygenases (bvmos). we have cloned 23 target bvmo sequences from the genome of r. jostii rha1 and heterologously expressed 13 of these as soluble proteins to unearth new substrate specificities and se ...	2009	19360806
the clinical importance of microbiological findings in the diagnosis and management of bloodstream infections.	bloodstream infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality. accurate identification of blood isolates to the species level and identification of the source of infection and/or the portal of entry are crucial for optimal management of these infections. these investigations-in addition to clinical findings and laboratory and imaging studies-are central to informing and directing efficient and effective diagnostic examinations and to choosing the optimal antimicrobial regimen. four cas ...	2009	19374579
a previously uncultured, paper mill propionibacterium is able to degrade o-aryl alkyl ethers and various aromatic hydrocarbons.	a previously uncultured propionibacterium was isolated from a highly diluted sample (10(-6)ml) of activated sludge of paper mill effluent. the isolate mob600 was able to grow on anisole, phenetole, benzene, toluene, phenol, styrene and biphenyl, although it used only limited carbon sources in the minimal media. the partial dna sequence of 16s ribosomal rna gene was 93% identical to luteococcus peritoni ccug38120 as the closest neighborhood in the family propionibacteriaceae. strain mob600 produc ...	2009	19375147
bacterial communities from shoreline environments (costa da morte, northwestern spain) affected by the prestige oil spill.	the bacterial communities in two different shoreline matrices, rocks and sand, from the costa da morte, northwestern spain, were investigated 12 months after being affected by the prestige oil spill. culture-based and culture-independent approaches were used to compare the bacterial diversity present in these environments with that at a nonoiled site. a long-term effect of fuel on the microbial communities in the oiled sand and rock was suggested by the higher proportion of alkane and polyaromat ...	2009	19376924
linear b-cell epitope mapping using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for libraries of overlapping synthetic peptides.	the aim of this chapter is to provide a strategy for mapping linear antibody epitopes of protein antigens in order to discover candidates for vaccines or diagnostic tests. a set of overlapping peptides was designed and synthesised based upon a known amino acid sequence of the target protein, virulence-associated protein a (vapa) of the bacterium rhodococcus equi, an important pulmonary pathogen in foals.the peptides were biotinylated and used in an elisa to screen immune sera from foals. these b ...	2009	19377942
[phenanthrene and anthracene degradation by microorganisms of the genus rhodococcus].	the cells of rhodococcus opacus 412 and r. rhodnii 135 were adapted to phenanthrene and anthracene on a solid mineral medium. preliminary adaptation of the strains accelerated the metabolism of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and provided for the ability of microorganisms to grow on pheanthrene as a sole carbon and energy source in a liquid mineral medium. it was shown that phenanthrene was mineralized by the strains through 7,8-benzocoumarin, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoaldehyde, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, s ...	2009	19382706
crystal structures of cyclohexanone monooxygenase reveal complex domain movements and a sliding cofactor.	cyclohexanone monooxygenase (chmo) is a flavoprotein that carries out the archetypical baeyer-villiger oxidation of a variety of cyclic ketones into lactones. using nadph and o(2) as cosubstrates, the enzyme inserts one atom of oxygen into the substrate in a complex catalytic mechanism that involves the formation of a flavin-peroxide and criegee intermediate. we present here the atomic structures of chmo from an environmental rhodococcus strain bound with fad and nadp(+) in two distinct states, ...	2009	19385644
laboratory-scale biofiltration of acrylonitrile by rhodococcus rhodochrous dap 96622 in a trickling bed bioreactor.	acrylonitrile (acn), a volatile component of the waste generated during the production of acrylamide, also is often associated with aromatic contaminants such as toluene and styrene. biofiltration, considered an effective technique for the treatment of volatile hydrocarbons, has not been used to treat volatile nitriles. an experimental laboratory-scale trickling bed bioreactor using cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous dap 96622 supported on granular activated carbon (gac) was developed and evaluate ...	2009	19387713
mechanism of membrane permeabilization by a bacterial trehalose lipid biosurfactant produced by rhodococcus sp.	the interactions of a succinoyl bacterial trehalose lipid biosurfactant produced by rhodococcus sp. with phospholipid vesicles, leading to membrane permeabilization, are studied by means of calorimetric and fluorescence and absorption spectroscopical techniques in search for a molecular model. the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of trehalose lipid is determined, by surface tension measurements, to be 300 mum. binding of trehalose lipid to palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine membranes is stud ...	2009	19391573
the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of trehalose lipids produced by rhodococcus erythropolis 51t7.	this study analyzed the chemical and physical properties of a biosurfactant synthesized by rhodococcus sp. 51t7. the biosurfactant was a trehalose tetraester (thl) consisting of six components: one major and five minor. the hydrophobic moieties ranged in size from 9 to 11 carbons. the critical micelle concentration (cmc) was 0.037g l(-1) and the interfacial tension against hexadecane was 5mn m(-1). at ph 7.4 the glycolipid cmc/critical aggregation concentration (cac) was 0.05g l(-1) and at ph 4 ...	2009	19428355
biodegradation aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs): a review.	pahs are aromatic hydrocarbons with two or more fused benzene rings with natural as well as anthropogenic sources. they are widely distributed environmental contaminants that have detrimental biological effects, toxicity, mutagenecity and carcinogenicity. due to their ubiquitous occurrence, recalcitrance, bioaccumulation potential and carcinogenic activity, the pahs have gathered significant environmental concern. although pah may undergo adsorption, volatilization, photolysis, and chemical degr ...	2009	19442441
purification, characterization, and directed evolution study of a vitamin d3 hydroxylase from pseudonocardia autotrophica.	vitamin d(3) (vd(3)) is a fat-soluble prohormone that plays a crucial role in bone metabolism, immunity, and control of cell proliferation and cell differentiation in mammals. the actinomycete pseudonocardia autotrophica is capable of bioconversion of vd(3) into its physiologically active forms, namely, 25(oh)vd(3) or 1alpha,25(oh)(2)vd(3). in this study, we isolated and characterized vdh (vitamin d(3) hydroxylase), which hydroxylates vd(3) from p. autotrophica nbrc 12743. the vdh gene encodes a ...	2009	19450562
influence of extracellular polymeric substances (eps) on deposition kinetics of bacteria.	the significance of extracellular polymer substances (eps) on cell deposition on silica surfaces was examined by direct comparison of the deposition kinetics of untreated "intact" bacteria versus those from the same strain but with eps removal via cation exchange resin (cer) treatment using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (qcm-d). four bacterial strains, mutant escherichia coli bl21 (gram-negative, nonmotile), pseudomonas sp qg6 (gram-negative, motile), rhodococcus sp ql2 (gram-po ...	2009	19452879
identification of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine-degrading microorganisms via 15n-stable isotope probing.	this study reported the application of 15n-stable isotope probing (sip) to identify active hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx)-utilizing microorganisms in groundwater microcosms. fifteen 16s rrna gene sequences were derived from the 15n-dna fraction (contributed from active microorganisms capable of using rdx as a nitrogen source) of microcosms receiving cheese whey. the 16s rrna gene sequences belonged to actinobacteria (two clones), alpha-proteobacteria (seven clones), and gamma-prot ...	2009	19452908
molecular and infection biology of the horse pathogen rhodococcus equi.	the soil actinomycete rhodococcus equi is a pulmonary pathogen of young horses and aids patients. as a facultative intracellular bacterium, r. equi survives and multiplies in macrophages and establishes its specific niche inside the host cell. recent research into chromosomal virulence factors and into the role of virulence plasmids in infection and host tropism has presented novel aspects of r. equi infection biology and pathogenicity. this review will focus on new findings in r. equi biology, ...	2009	19453748
case report: rhodococcus erythropolis osteomyelitis in the toe.	the rhodococcus species rarely cause musculoskeletal infections, with only two cases reported in the literature. we report the case of a 53-year-old woman who had an infection develop after first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion. a year after surgery, she continued to have pain and swelling with nonunion. she underwent revision of the arthrodesis and tissue samples from surgery revealed rhodococcus erythropolis. the patient's symptoms improved with oral antibiotics. one year after the revision s ...	2009	19459020
a new fluorescent oligonucleotide probe for in situ detection of s-triazine-degrading rhodococcus wratislaviensis in contaminated groundwater and soil samples.	a bacterial strain (fpa1) capable of using terbuthylazine, simazine, atrazine, 2-hydroxysimazine, deethylatrazine, isopropylamine or ethylamine as its sole carbon source was isolated from a shallow aquifer chronically contaminated with s-triazine herbicides. based on its 16s rdna sequence analysis, the strain fpa1 was identified as rhodococcus wratislaviensis. the disappearance time of 50% of the initial terbuthylazine concentration in the presence of this strain (dt(50)) was 62days. this strain ...	2009	19476963
measuring 'hydrophobicity' of filamentous bacteria found in wastewater treatment plants.	attempts to measure the hydrophobicity of the cell surfaces of gordonia amarae and rhodococcus erythropolis, filamentous bacteria found in wastewater treatment plants, by several methods--microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons (math) or bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (bath), contact angle, and micro-sphere adhesion to cells (mac)--were unsuccessful. the results were erratic and inconsistent. this was in part because of the filamentous growth habit of g. amarae, but it was also a consequence of t ...	2009	19477105
structure and activity of the n-terminal substrate recognition domains in proteasomal atpases.	the proteasome forms the core of the protein quality control system in archaea and eukaryotes and also occurs in one bacterial lineage, the actinobacteria. access to its proteolytic compartment is controlled by aaa atpases, whose n-terminal domains (n domains) are thought to mediate substrate recognition. the n domains of an archaeal proteasomal atpase, archaeoglobus fulgidus pan, and of its actinobacterial homolog, rhodococcus erythropolis arc, form hexameric rings, whose subunits consist of an ...	2009	19481487
identification of a novel self-sufficient styrene monooxygenase from rhodococcus opacus 1cp.	sequence analysis of a 9-kb genomic fragment of the actinobacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp led to identification of an open reading frame encoding a novel fusion protein, stya2b, with a putative function in styrene metabolism via styrene oxide and phenylacetic acid. gene cluster analysis indicated that the highly related fusion proteins of nocardia farcinica ifm10152 and arthrobacter aurescens tc1 are involved in a similar physiological process. whereas 413 amino acids of the n terminus of stya2 ...	2009	19482928
isolation and characterization of 3-n-trimethylamino-1-propanol-degrading rhodococcus sp. strain a2.	the aerobic degradation of 3-n-trimethylamino-1-propanol (homocholine) as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen has been found for a rhodococcus sp. bacterium isolated from soil. the isolate was identified as rhodococcus sp. strain a2 based on its phenotypic features, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and results of phylogenetic analysis. the washed cells of strain a2 completely degraded homocholine within 6 h, with concomitant formation of several metabolites. analysis of the metabo ...	2009	19486158
first case of bloodstream infection caused by rhodococcus erythropolis.	we describe the first case of bloodstream infection caused by rhodococcus erythropolis. the identification was performed using 16s rrna sequencing. this case illustrates that non-equi rhodococcus infections may be underdiagnosed due to difficulties in identification in the routine clinical microbiology laboratory.	2009	19494072
production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from acrylic acid by newly isolated rhodococcus erythropolis lg12.	a novel microorganism, designated as lg12, was isolated from soil based on its ability to use acrylic acid as the sole carbon source. an electron microscopic analysis of its morphological characteristics and phylogenetic classification by 16s rrna homology showed that the lg12 strain belongs to rhodococcus erythropolis. r. erythropolis lg12 was able to metabolize a high concentration of acrylic acid (up to 40 g/l). in addition, r. erythropolis lg12 exhibited the highest acrylic acid-degrading ac ...	2009	19494695
synergistic effect of carbapenem-teicoplanin combination during severe rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a kidney transplant recipient.	rhodococcus equi is a bacterial pathogen of domestic animals that can infect immunocompromised patients, especially those with impaired cellular immunity, such as transplant recipients. no standard treatment has been established, but therapy must be prolonged, as relapses are common and can occur at the initial site or distant locations. here we report a case of r. equi-associated pulmonary abscess in a renal transplant recipient successfully treated with a combination of carbapenem and teicopla ...	2009	19497046
designer enzymes for glycosphingolipid synthesis by directed evolution.	though glycosphingolipids have great potential as therapeutics for cancer, hiv, neurodegenerative diseases and auto-immune diseases, both extensive study of their biological roles and development as pharmaceuticals are limited by difficulties in their synthesis, especially on large scales. here we addressed this restriction by expanding the synthetic scope of a glycosphingolipid-synthesizing enzyme through a combination of rational mutagenesis and directed evolution with an elisa-based screening ...	2009	19525967
engineering and improvement of the efficiency of a chimeric [p450cam-rhfred reductase domain] enzyme.	a chimeric oxygenase, in which the p450cam domain was fused to the reductase host domains of a p450rhf from rhodococcus sp. strain ncimb 9784 was optimised to allow for a biotransformation at 30 mm substrate in 80% overall yield, with the linker region between p450 and fmn domain proving to be important for the effective biotransformation of (+)-camphor to 5-exo-hydroxycamphor.	2009	19532862
in situ magnetic separation and immobilization of dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing bacteria.	in situ cell separation and immobilization of bacterial cells for biodesulfurization were developed by using superparamagnetic fe(3)o(4) nanoparticles (nps). the fe(3)o(4) nps were synthesized by coprecipitation followed by modification with ammonium oleate. the surface-modified nps were monodispersed and the particle size was about 13 nm with 50.8 emu/g saturation magnetization. after adding the magnetic fluids to the culture broth, rhodococcus erythropolis lsse8-1 cells were immobilized by ads ...	2009	19541480
aerobic biodegradation of n-nitrosodimethylamine by the propanotroph rhodococcus ruber env425.	the propanotroph rhodococcus ruber env425 was observed to rapidly biodegrade n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) after growth on propane, tryptic soy broth, or glucose. the key degradation intermediates were methylamine, nitric oxide, nitrite, nitrate, and formate. small quantities of formaldehyde and dimethylamine were also detected. a denitrosation reaction, initiated by hydrogen atom abstraction from one of the two methyl groups, is hypothesized to result in the formation of n-methylformaldimine an ...	2009	19542346
non mycobacterial virulence genes in the genome of the emerging pathogen mycobacterium abscessus.	mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging rapidly growing mycobacterium (rgm) causing a pseudotuberculous lung disease to which patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are particularly susceptible. we report here its complete genome sequence. the genome of m. abscessus (cip 104536t) consists of a 5,067,172-bp circular chromosome including 4920 predicted coding sequences (cds), an 81-kb full-length prophage and 5 is elements, and a 23-kb mercury resistance plasmid almost identical to pmm23 from mycobacte ...	2009	19543527
evaluation of antibacterial activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of thespesia populnea flower extracts.	flavonoids which were reported as having many pharmacological activities, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, chemoprevention activities and they possess strong antiproliferative effects related to inhibition of cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction. on the basis of this thespesia populnea (l.) sol. ex correa (family-malvaceae) was selected and it is having the major composition of flavonoids and the antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of thespesia populnea flowers was inves ...	2009	19553175
continuous hydrolysis of 4-cyanopyridine by nitrilases from fusarium solani o1 and aspergillus niger k10.	the operational stabilities of nitrilases from aspergillus niger k10 and fusarium solani o1 were examined with 4-cyanopyridine as the substrate in continuous-stirred membrane reactors (csmrs). the former enzyme was fairly stable at 30 degrees c with a deactivation constant (k (d)) and enzyme half-life of 0.014 h(-1) and 50 h, respectively, but the latter exhibited an even higher stability characterized by k (d) = 0.008 h(-1) and half-life of 87 h at 40 degrees c. another advantage of this enzyme ...	2009	19554325
rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm 43269 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylase, a two-component iron-sulfur-containing monooxygenase with subtle steroid substrate specificity.	this paper reports the biochemical characterization of a purified and reconstituted two-component 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylase (ksh). ksh of rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm 43269, consisting of a ferredoxin reductase (kshb) and a terminal oxygenase (ksha), was heterologously expressed in escherichia coli. e. coli cell cultures, expressing both ksha and kshb, converted 4-androstene-3,17-dione (ad) into 9alpha-hydroxy-4-ad (9ohad) with a >60% molar yield over 48 h of incubation. coexpression and c ...	2009	19561185
occupational exposure to organic dust, microorganisms, endotoxin and peptidoglycan among plants processing workers in poland.	the objective of present work was to determine and compare the components of bioaerosol in several sectors of plant processing industries. the study was conducted in 10 facilities engaged in herb and grain processing, flax threshing, grain storing, baking, and cereals production. the air samples were taken on glass fibre filters with an as-50 sampler. we determined the concentrations of airborne microorganisms, dust, endotoxin and peptidoglycan. total concentrations of viable airborne microorgan ...	2009	19572487
biotransformations of (+/-)-geosmin by terpene-degrading bacteria.	two terpene-degrading bacteria able to transform (+/-)-geosmin have been identified. pseudomonas sp. sbr3-tpnb, following growth on gamma-terpinene, converts (+/-)-geosmin to several products; the major products are ketogeosmins. rhodococcus wratislaviensis dlc-cam, isolated on d-camphor, also converts (+/-)-geosmin to several oxidation products, primarily ketogeosmins identical to those produced by strain sbr3-tpnb as well as hydroxygeosmins. this conversion appears to be inducible by (+/-)-geo ...	2010	19578827
[biotransformation of p-toluic acid by bacterium rhodococcus ruber p25].		2009	19580167
removal of benzene and toluene in polyurethane biofilter immobilized with rhodococcus sp. eh831 under transient loading.	the performance of a polyurethane (pu) biofilter inoculated with rhodococcus sp. eh831 was evaluated under different transient loading conditions, such as shutdown, intermittent and fluctuating loading. a mixture of benzene and toluene vapors was employed as model pollutants. when the biofilter was restarted after a 2 week-shutdown, during which neither clean air nor water was supplied, the benzene and toluene removal capacities were rapidly restored after a re-adaptation period of only 1 day. a ...	2009	19581081
increased nod2-mediated recognition of n-glycolyl muramyl dipeptide.	peptidoglycan-derived muramyl dipeptide (mdp) activates innate immunity via the host sensor nod2. although mdp is n-acetylated in most bacteria, mycobacteria and related actinomycetes convert their mdp to an n-glycolylated form through the action of n-acetyl muramic acid hydroxylase (namh). we used a combination of bacterial genetics and synthetic chemistry to investigate whether n-glycolylation of mdp alters nod2-mediated immunity. upon infecting macrophages with 12 bacteria, tumor necrosis fac ...	2009	19581406
rhodococcus equi endocarditis in immunocompetent hosts: report of the first two cases.		2009	19589660
biomineralization of n,n-dimethylformamide by paracoccus sp. strain dmf.	n,n-dimethylformamide (dmf) is a man-made compound that is widely used as a solvent for the synthesis of various organic compounds. in this study, a bacterial strain paracoccus sp. dmf capable of using dmf as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy source, was isolated from an enrichment culture developed using activated sludge from domestic waste water treatment unit as the source inoculum. the strain dmf was characterized by biochemical tests and 16s rdna sequence analysis, to be belonging to the ...	2009	19592157
effect of cell-surface hydrophobicity on bacterial conversion of water-immiscible chemicals in two-liquid-phase culture systems.	the effect of bacterial cell-surface hydrophobicity on the bioconversion of water-immiscible chemicals in an aqueous-organic (a/o) two-liquid-phase culture system was investigated. escherichia coli jm109 and rhodococcus opacus b-4 were used as hydrophilic and hydrophobic whole-cell catalysts, respectively. hydroxylation reactions of monoaromatics, including toluene (log p(ow)=2.9), ethylbenzene (3.1), n-propylbenzene (3.4), and sec-butylbenzene (3.7), were employed as model conversions. when the ...	2009	19619857
removal of xylene by a mixed culture of pseudomonas sp. nbm21 and rhodococcus sp. bto62 in biofilter.	xylene (a mixture of o-, m-, p-xylenes and ethylbenzene) gas removal was conducted in the a biofilter inoculated with a mixture of the m- and p-xylene-degraders, pseudomonas sp. nbm21 and an o-xylene degrader, rhodococcus sp. bto62 under non-sterile conditions at 20 degrees c. elimination capacities of o-, m-, and p-xylenes obtained were 180 g/m(3)/h at 20 degrees c and 100 g/m(3)/h at 10 degrees c, which were significantly higher than the 60-78 g/m(3)/h of previously reported biofilters, indica ...	2009	19619861
highly efficient and enantioselective biotransformations of racemic azetidine-2-carbonitriles and their synthetic applications.	catalyzed by the rhodococcus erythropolis aj270 whole cell catalyst in neutral aqueous buffer at 30 degrees c, a number of racemic 1-benzylazetidine-2-carbonitriles, trans-1-benzyl-4-methylazetidine-2-carbonitrile, and 1-benzyl-2-methylazetidine-2-carbonitrile and their amide substrates underwent efficient and enantioselective biotransformations to afford the corresponding azetidine-2-carboxylic acids and their amide derivatives in excellent yields with ee up to >99.5%. the overall excellent ena ...	2009	19627128
formation of specialized aerial architectures by rhodococcus during utilization of vaporized p-cresol.	when grown with vaporized alkylphenols such as p-cresol as the sole carbon and energy source, several isolated rhodococcus strains formed growth structures like miniature mushrooms, termed here specialized aerial architectures (saa), that reached sizes of up to 0.8 mm in height. microscopic examination allowed us to view the distinct developmental stages during the formation of saa from a selected strain, rhodococcus sp. kl96. initially, mounds consisting of long rod cells arose from a lawn of c ...	2009	19628560
sequence analysis and heterologous expression of a new cytochrome p450 monooxygenase from rhodococcus sp. for asymmetric sulfoxidation.	in this study, a 3.7-kb dna fragment was cloned from rhodococcus sp. ecu0066, and the sequence was analyzed. it was revealed that the largest one (2,361 bp) of this gene fragment encodes a protein consisting of 787 amino acids, with 73% identity to p450rhf (accession number af45924) from rhodococcus sp. ncimb 9784. the gene of this new p450 monooxygenase (named as p450smo) was successfully expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3), and the enzyme was also purified and characterized. in the presen ...	2010	19633839
7,7-dimethylaporphine alkaloids from the stem of guatteriopsis friesiana.	phytochemical investigation of a methanolic extract of the stem of guatteriopsis friesiana afforded two new 7,7-dimethylaporphine alkaloids, 6,6a-dihydrodemethoxyguadiscine (1) and guatteriopsiscine (3), together with demethoxyguadiscine (2), liriodenine (4), corypalmine (5), and coreximine (6). their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods (uv, ir, eims, hresims, 1d/2d nmr). the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were determined from the circular dichroism curves. the p ...	2009	19639965
hoyosella altamirensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the order actinomycetales isolated from a cave biofilm.	a novel actinomycete, strain ofn s31(t), was isolated from a complex biofilm in the altamira cave, spain. a polyphasic study was carried out to clarify the taxonomic position of this strain. phylogenetic analysis with 16s rrna gene sequences of representatives of the genera corynebacterium, dietzia, gordonia, millisia, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, segniliparus, skermania, tsukamurella and williamsia indicated that strain ofn s31(t) formed a distinct taxon in the 16s rrna gene tree that ...	2009	19643882
dna-stable isotope probing integrated with metagenomics for retrieval of biphenyl dioxygenase genes from polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated river sediment.	stable isotope probing with [(13)c]biphenyl was used to explore the genetic properties of indigenous bacteria able to grow on biphenyl in pcb-contaminated river raisin sediment. a bacterial 16s rrna gene clone library generated from [(13)c]dna after a 14-day incubation with [(13)c]biphenyl revealed the dominant organisms to be members of the genera achromobacter and pseudomonas. a library built from pcr amplification of genes for aromatic-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases from the [(13)c]dna fract ...	2009	19648381
rhodococcus jialingiae sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sludge of a carbendazim wastewater treatment facility.	a novel carbendazim-degrading actinobacterium, designated djl-6-2(t), was isolated from the sludge of a carbendazim wastewater treatment facility in jiangsu province, china. the morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of the isolate were typical of members of the genus rhodococcus. strain djl-6-2(t) formed a coherent cluster with rhodococcus qingshengii djl-6(t), rhodococcus baikonurensis dsm 44587(t), rhodococcus erythropolis dsm 43066(t) and rhodococcus globerulus dsm 43954(t) in 16s rrna ...	2010	19651732
does the microbial flora in the ejaculate affect the freezeability of stallion sperm?	in an attempt to evaluate the possible relationship between the microbial flora in the stallion ejaculate and its ability to freeze,three ejaculates from five stallions were frozen using a standard protocol. before freezing, an aliquot was removed for bacteriological analysis. bacterial growth was observed in all the ejaculates studied. the isolated microorganisms were:staphylococcus spp. and micrococcus spp. (in all the stallions), beta-haemolytic streptococcus (in stallions 3 and 4), corynebac ...	2009	19655428
cloning and functional expression of a nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus equi tg328-2 in escherichia coli, its purification and biochemical characterisation.	the nitrile hydratase (nhase, ec 4.2.1.84) genes (alpha and beta subunit) and the corresponding activator gene from rhodococcus equi tg328-2 were cloned and sequenced. this fe-type nhase consists of 209 amino acids (alpha subunit, m(r) 23 kda) and 218 amino acids (beta subunit, m(r) 24 kda) and the nhase activator of 413 amino acids (m(r) 46 kda). various combinations of promoter, nhase and activator genes were constructed to produce active nhase enzyme recombinantly in e. coli. the maximum enzy ...	2010	19662400
[dehydrogenases oxidizing ethanol and acetaldehide in rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1].	four types of alcohol- and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases were found in the cells of strain rhodococcus erythropolis ek1 grown on ethanol. they are as follows: nad-, nadp-, pyroquinoline quinone (pqq)- and 4-nitroso-n,n-dimethyl aniline (ndma)-dependent enzymes. activity of nad- and nadp+ -dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, as well as pqq and ndma-dependent acetaldehyde dehydrogenases was low and made up 3-11 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) of protein. ethanol oxidation in the given strain is realized by nd ...	2009	19663325
mechanisms of biodegradation of dibenzoate plasticizers.	biodegradation mechanisms were elucidated for three dibenzoate plasticizers: diethylene glycol dibenzoate (d(eg)db), dipropylene glycol dibenzoate (d(pg)db), both of which are commercially available, and 1,6-hexanediol dibenzoate, a potential green plasticizer. degradation studies were done using rhodococcus rhodochrous in the presence of pure alkanes as a co-substrate. as expected, the first degradation step for all of these systems was the hydrolysis of one ester bond with the release of benzo ...	2009	19665165
evaluation of plasma fibrinogen concentration as an indicator of physeal or epiphyseal osteomyelitis in foals: 17 cases (2002-2007).	to determine whether high plasma fibrinogen concentration (> or = 900 mg/dl) is a valid indicator of physeal or epiphyseal osteomyelitis in foals.	2009	19681725
selective adsorption of hydrocarbon-oxidizing rhodococcus cells in a column with hydrophobized poly(acrylamide) cryogel.	a method for selective adsorption of rhodococcus cells in the column with hydrophobized poly(acrylamide) cryogel (cryopaag) was developed that allowed rhodococci separation from mixed bacterial populations and their effective concentration within a sponge-like gel matrix. hydrophobization of cryopaag using the n-dodecane graft (c12) was performed to enhance the adhesion of rhodococcus cells to the cryogel; this was suggested by our finding that alkanotrophic rhodococci possess high adhesive acti ...	2009	19682505
vertical distribution and anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments in hong kong, south china.	the vertical distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) at different sediment depths, namely 0-2 cm, 2-4 cm, 4-6 cm, 6-10 cm, 10-15 cm and 15-20 cm, in one of the most contaminated mangrove swamps, ma wan, hong kong was investigated. it was the first time to study the intrinsic potential of deep sediment to biodegrade pahs under anaerobic conditions and the abundance of electron acceptors in sediment for anaerobic degradation. results showed that the total pahs concentrations (summa ...	2009	19683792
morphological, physiological, and molecular characterization of a newly isolated steroid-degrading actinomycete, identified as rhodococcus ruber strain chol-4.	the aerobic degradation of cholesterol, testosterone, androsterone, progesterone, and further steroid compounds as sole carbon source has been observed in the newly isolated bacterial gram-positive strain chol-4. the 16s rrna gene sequence shares the greatest similarity with members of the genus rhodococcus, with the closest shared nucleotide identities of 98-99% with rhodococcus ruber (dsm 43338(t)) and rhodococcus aetherivorans (dsm 44752(t)). phylogenetic analysis of rhodococcus 16s rrna gene ...	2009	19688376
bacteria with dual resistance to elevated concentrations of heavy metals and antibiotics in nigerian contaminated systems.	samples of soil, water, and sediments from industrial estates in lagos were collected and analyzed for heavy metals and physicochemical composition. bacteria that are resistant to elevated concentrations of metals (cd(2+), co(2+), ni(2+), cr(6+), and hg(2+)) were isolated from the samples, and they were further screened for antibiotic sensitivity. the minimum tolerance concentrations (mtcs) of the isolates with dual resistance to the metals were determined. the physicochemistry of all the sample ...	2010	19688604
diversity, abundance, and consistency of microbial oxygenase expression and biodegradation in a shallow contaminated aquifer.	the diversity of rieske dioxygenase genes and short-term temporal variability in the abundance of two selected dioxygenase gene sequences were examined in a naphthalene-rich, coal tar waste-contaminated subsurface study site. using a previously published pcr-based approach (s. m. ní chadhain, r. s. norman, k. v. pesce, j. j. kukor, and g. j. zylstra, appl. environ. microbiol. 72:4078-4087, 2006) a broad suite of genes was detected, ranging from dioxygenase sequences associated with rhodococcus a ...	2009	19700556
redesigning dehalogenase access tunnels as a strategy for degrading an anthropogenic substrate.	engineering enzymes to degrade anthropogenic compounds efficiently is challenging. we obtained rhodococcus rhodochrous haloalkane dehalogenase mutants with up to 32-fold higher activity than wild type toward the toxic, recalcitrant anthropogenic compound 1,2,3-trichloropropane (tcp) using a new strategy. we identified key residues in access tunnels connecting the buried active site with bulk solvent by rational design and randomized them by directed evolution. the most active mutant has large ar ...	2009	19701186
biotransformation of beta-myrcene to geraniol by a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis isolated by selective enrichment from hop plants.	the biocatalytic generation of high-value chemicals from abundant, cheap and renewable feedstocks is an area of great contemporary interest. a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis designated mlt1 was isolated by selective enrichment from the soil surrounding hop plants, using the abundant triene beta-myrcene from hops as a sole carbon source for growth. resting cells of the organism were challenged with beta-myrcene, and the major product of biotransformation was determined by mass spectrometric a ...	2010	19707757
utilization of mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria isolated from contaminated sediment.	abstract the ability of sediment bacteria to utilize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) when present as components of mixtures was investigated. one strain, identified as mycobacterium flavescens, could utilize fluoranthene in the presence of pyrene, although utilization of pyrene was slower in the presence of fluoranthene than in its absence. the second strain, a rhodococcus species, could utilize fluoranthene in the presence of anthracene, although the presence of fluoranthene slowed the ...	2002	19709233
prevalence of alkane monooxygenase genes in arctic and antarctic hydrocarbon-contaminated and pristine soils.	abstract the prevalence of four alkane monooxygenase genotypes (pseudomonas putida gpo1, pp alkb; rhodococcus sp. strain q15, rh alkb1 and rh alkb2; and acinetobacter sp. strain adp-1, ac alkm) in hydrocarbon-contaminated and pristine soils from the arctic and antarctica were determined by both culture-independent (pcr hybridization analyses) and culture-dependent (colony hybridization analyses) molecular methods, using oligonucleotide primers and dna probes specific for each of the alk genotype ...	2002	19709248
interactions of earthworms with indigenous and bioaugmented pcb-degrading bacteria.	partial bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soils has been achieved using bioaugmentation with pcb-degrading bacteria and earthworms. to further study the contribution of earthworms to bioremediation, an experiment was conducted in which the changes in indigenous and bioaugmented pcb-degrading bacteria were analyzed during treatment of contaminated soil using earthworms (pheretima hawayana) alone or in combination with the pcb-degrading bacteria, ralstonia eutrophus and ...	2002	19709253
physiological and morphological responses of the soil bacterium rhodococcus opacus strain pd630 to water stress.	rhodococcus opacus pd630 was investigated for physiological and morphological changes under water stress challenge. gluconate- and hexadecane-grown cells were extremely resistant to these conditions, and survival accounted for up to 300 and 400 days; respectively, when they were subjected to slow air-drying. results of this study suggest that strain pd630 has specific mechanisms to withstand water stress. water-stressed cells were sensitive to the application of ethanol, high temperatures and ox ...	2004	19712366
degradation of selected (bio-)surfactants by bacterial cultures monitored by calorimetric methods.	the subjects of the article are investigations concerning the ability of both rhodococcus opacus 1cp and mixed bacterial cultures to use selected surfactants as sole carbon and energy source. in a comparative manner the biosurfactants rhamnolipid, sophorolipid and trehalose tetraester, and the synthetic surfactant tween 80 were examined. particular emphasis was put on a combinatorial approach to determine quantitatively the degree of surfactant degradation by applying calorimetry, thermodynamic ...	2010	19714474
production of triacylglycerol and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by the toluene-degrading bacterium rhodococcus aetherivorans iar1.	poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (phbv) produced by various bacteria has been intensively investigated as a promising biodegradable plastic, but required a supply of an expensive precursor as a secondary carbon source for its production. in a previous study, we identified a new bacterial strain, rhodococcus aetherivorans iar1, which synthesizes phbv from toluene without the supply of a precursor. toluene is the volatile organic compound most abundantly emitted to the environment. in ...	2009	19716522