Publications

identification of a candida albicans homologue of the pho85 gene, a negative regulator of the pho system in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	in a screen for the protein kinase genes of the human pathogenic yeast candida albicans, a putative homologue (capho85) of pho85, a negative regulator of the pho system of saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is one of the cyclin-dependent protein kinases (cdks), was isolated. an open reading frame (orf) of this gene was identified encoding a predicted protein of 326 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 37.6 kda. the amino acid sequence is highly homologous to s. cerevisiae pho85 (62% id ...	2000	10923026
identification of domains responsible for signal recognition and transduction within the qutr transcription repressor protein.	qutr (qutr-encoded transcription-repressing protein) is a multi-domain repressor protein active in the signal-transduction pathway that regulates transcription of the quinic acid utilization (qut) gene cluster in aspergillus nidulans. in the presence of quinate, production of mrna from the eight genes of the qut pathway is stimulated by the activator protein quta (quta-encoded transcription-activating protein). mutations in the qutr gene alter qutr function such that the transcription of the qut ...	2000	10926843
increased transformation efficiency of aspergillus nidulans protoplasts in the presence of dithiothreitol.		2000	10929816
morphogenesis in aspergillus nidulans requires dopey (dopa), a member of a novel family of leucine zipper-like proteins conserved from yeast to humans.	dopa is the founding member of a novel protein family required for correct cell morphology and spatiotemporal organization of multicellular structures in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. dopa homologues from saccharomyces cerevisiae (dop1), candida albicans, caenorhabditis elegans, rattus norvegicus and homo sapiens have been identified from genome sequencing projects. s. cerevisiae dop1 is essential for viability and, like dopa, affects cellular morphogenesis. dopa encodes a large p ...	2000	10931277
c-jun and rack1 homologues regulate a control point for sexual development in aspergillus nidulans.	amino acid limitation results in impaired sexual fruit body formation in filamentous fungi such as aspergillus nidulans. the starvation signal is perceived by the cross-pathway regulatory network controlling the biosynthesis of translational precursors and results in increased expression of a transcriptional activator encoded by a c-jun homologue. in the presence of amino acids, the gene product of the mammalian rack1 homologue cpcb is required to repress the network. growth under amino acid sta ...	2000	10931303
the lis1-related nudf protein of aspergillus nidulans interacts with the coiled-coil domain of the nude/ro11 protein.	the nudf gene of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans acts in the cytoplasmic dynein/dynactin pathway and is required for distribution of nuclei. nudf protein, the product of the nudf gene, displays 42% sequence identity with the human protein lis1 required for neuronal migration. haploinsufficiency of the lis1 gene causes a malformation of the human brain known as lissencephaly. we screened for multicopy suppressors of a mutation in the nudf gene. the product of the nude gene isolated in ...	2000	10931877
the abc transporter atrb from aspergillus nidulans mediates resistance to all major classes of fungicides and some natural toxic compounds.	this paper reports the functional characterization of atrbp, an abc transporter from aspergillus nidulans. atrbp is a multidrug transporter and has affinity to substrates belonging to all major classes of agricultural fungicides and some natural toxic compounds. the substrate profile of atrbp was determined by assessing the sensitivity of deletion and overexpression mutants of atrb to several toxicants. all mutants showed normal growth as compared to control isolates. deltaatrb mutants displayed ...	2000	10931903
insertion of the line retrotransposon mgl causes a conidiophore pattern mutation in magnaporthe grisea.	we obtained three magnaporthe grisea morphological mutants that had the line transposon mgl inserted into the acr1 locus. sequence analysis revealed that acr1 is homologous to meda, a developmental regulator of aspergillus nidulans conidiation. these results demonstrated that mgl elements could transpose and cause insertional mutagenesis in m. grisea.	2000	10939262
isolation of replicational cue elements from a library of bent dnas of aspergillus oryzae.	two fragments that could function as replicational cue elements were isolated from a genomic dna digest of aspergillus oryzae on the basis of abnormal behavior in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the vector used in this study contained a scaffold-associated region of the drosophila melanogaster ftz gene to provide nuclear retention. neither fragment contained a yeast ars consensus sequence or an eukaryotic topoisomerase ii binding sequence. one of the fragments showed sequence homology with t ...	2000	10939521
pyrithiamine resistance gene (ptra) of aspergillus oryzae: cloning, characterization and application as a dominant selectable marker for transformation.	a pyrithiamine (pt) resistance gene (ptra) was cloned from a genomic dna library prepared from a pt resistant mutant of aspergillus oryzae. it conferred high resistance to pt on an a. oryzae industrial strain as well as a. nidulans. nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the ptra gene contained one intron (58-bp) and encodes 327 amino acid (aa) residues. additionally, the deduced aa sequence has 72% and 63% identity to fusarium solani sti35 encoding a stress-inducible protein and saccharomyces ...	2000	10945258
molecular cloning and characterization of a gene encoding glutaminase from aspergillus oryzae.	a glutaminase from aspergillus oryzae was purified and its molecular weight was determined to be 82,091 by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. purified glutaminase catalysed the hydrolysis not only of l-glutamine but also of d-glutamine. both the molecular weight and the substrate specificity of this glutaminase were different from those reported previously [yano et al. (1998) j ferment technol 66: 137-143]. on the basis of its internal amino acid sequen ...	2000	10952006
the role of abc transporters from aspergillus nidulans in protection against cytotoxic agents and in antibiotic production.	this paper describes the characterization of atrc and atrd (abc transporters c and d), two novel abc transporter-encoding genes from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, and provides evidence for the involvement of atrd in multidrug transport and antibiotic production. blast analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of atrcp and atrdp reveals high homology to abc transporter proteins of the p-glycoprotein cluster. atrdp shows a particularly high degree of identity to the amino acid se ...	2000	10954082
fungal transporters involved in efflux of natural toxic compounds and fungicides.	survival of microorganisms in natural environments is favored by the capacity to produce compounds toxic to competing organisms and the ability to resist the effects of such toxic compounds. both factors contribute to a competitive advantage of organisms in ecosystems. all organisms have evolved active transport mechanisms by which endogenous and exogenous toxicants can be secreted. two major classes of transporter proteins are the atp-binding cassette (abc) and the major facilitator superfamily ...	2000	10955904
preferential accessibility of the yeast his3 promoter is determined by a general property of the dna sequence, not by specific elements.	yeast promoter regions are often more accessible to nuclear proteins than are nonpromoter regions. as assayed by hinfi endonuclease cleavage in living yeast cells, hinfi sites located in the promoters of all seven genes tested were 5- to 20-fold more accessible than sites in adjacent nonpromoter regions. hinfi hypersensitivity within the his3 promoter region is locally determined, since it was observed when this region was translocated to the middle of the ade2 structural gene. detailed analysis ...	2000	10958664
molecular responses to changes in the environmental ph are conserved between the fungal pathogens candida dubliniensis and candida albicans.	in this work we cloned cdphr1 and cdphr2 from the human fungal pathogen candida dubliniensis. the two genes are homologues to the ph-regulated genes phr1 and phr2 from candida albicans. the ph-dependent pattern of expression of cdphr1 and cdphr2 was conserved in c. dubliniensis. cdphr1 could be shown to be functionally equivalent to phr1. the ph-regulated mode of expression was maintained when cdphr1 was integrated in c. albicans. this indicates a fundamentally similar mode of expressional regul ...	2000	10959725
isolation and characterization of two evolutionarily conserved murine kinases (nek6 and nek7) related to the fungal mitotic regulator, nima.	entrance and exit from mitosis in aspergillus nidulans require activation and proteolysis, respectively, of the nima (never in mitosis, gene a) serine/threonine kinase. four different nima-related kinases were reported in mammals (nek1-4), but none of them has been shown to perform mitotic functions related to those demonstrated for nima. we describe here the isolation of two novel murine protein kinase genes, designated nek6 and nek7, which are highly similar to each other (87% amino acid ident ...	2000	10964517
purification and characterization of an alpha-l-rhamnosidase from aspergillus nidulans.	an enzyme exhibiting alpha-l-rhamnosidase activity was purified by fractionating a culture filtrate of aspergillus nidulans grown on l-rhamnose as the sole carbon source. the alpha-l-rhamnosidase was shown to be n-glycosylated and had a molecular mass of 102 kda, of which approximately 7% was contributed by carbohydrate. the enzyme, optimally active at ph 4.5-6 and 60 degrees c, had an isoelectric point of 5. with rho-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside as the substrate it showed km and vmax va ...	2000	10972728
a defined sequence within the 3' utr of the area transcript is sufficient to mediate nitrogen metabolite signalling via accelerated deadenylation.	nitrogen metabolism in aspergillus nidulans is regulated by area, a member of the gata family of transcription factors. one mechanism that modulates area activity involves the rapid degradation of the area transcript when sufficient nh4+ or gln are available. this signalling mechanism has been shown to require a region of 218 nucleotides within the 3' untranslated region of area mrna. we demonstrate that this region functions independently in a heterologous transcript and acts to accelerate degr ...	2000	10972840
characterization of the class i alpha-mannosidase gene family in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans.	we describe the cloning and sequence characterization of three class i alpha-1,2-mannosidase genes from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. we used degenerate pcr primers to amplify a portion of the alpha-1,2-mannosidase ia gene and used the pcr fragment to isolate the 2495 nt genomic gene plus several hundred bases of flanking region. putative introns were confirmed by rt-pcr. coding regions of the genomic sequence were used to identify two additional members of the gene family by blas ...	2000	10974561
mitotic histone h3 phosphorylation by the nima kinase in aspergillus nidulans.	phosphorylation of histone h3 serine 10 correlates with chromosome condensation and is required for normal chromosome segregation in tetrahymena. this phosphorylation is dependent upon activation of the nima kinase in aspergillus nidulans. nima expression also induces ser-10 phosphorylation inappropriately in s phase-arrested cells and in the absence of nimx(cdc2) activity. at mitosis, nima becomes enriched on chromatin and subsequently localizes to the mitotic spindle and spindle pole bodies. t ...	2000	10975520
cloning of a sugar utilization gene cluster in aspergillus parasiticus.	at one end of the 70 kb aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway gene cluster in aspergillus parasiticus and aspergillus flavus reported earlier, we have cloned a group of four genes that constitute a well-defined gene cluster related to sugar utilization in a. parasiticus: (1) sugr, (2) hxta, (3) glca and (4) nada. no similar well-defined sugar gene cluster has been reported so far in any other related aspergillus species such as a. flavus, a. nidulans, a. sojae, a. niger, a. oryzae and a. fumigatus. the ...	2000	10978525
a high affinity fungal nitrate carrier with two transport mechanisms.	we have expressed the crna high affinity nitrate transporter from emericella (aspergillus) nidulans in xenopus oocytes and used electrophysiology to study its properties. this method was used because there are no convenient radiolabeled substrates for the transporter. oocytes injected with crna mrna showed nitrate-, nitrite-, and chlorite-dependent currents. although the gene was originally identified by chlorate selection there was no evidence for transport of this anion. the gene selection is ...	2000	10984478
the catabolite inactivation of aspergillus nidulans isocitrate lyase occurs by specific autophagy of peroxisomes.	in aspergillus nidulans, activity of the glyoxylate cycle enzyme isocitrate lyase is finely regulated. isocitrate lyase is induced by growth on c2 compounds and long-chain fatty acids and repressed by glucose. in addition, activity of isocitrate lyase is subject to a second mechanism of catabolite control, glucose-induced inactivation. here, we demonstrate that the catabolite inactivation of a. nidulans isocitrate lyase, a process that takes place during glucose adaptation of cells grown under g ...	2000	10985743
identification and characterization of two ca2+/cam-dependent protein kinases required for normal nuclear division in aspergillus nidulans.	we utilized an expression screen to identify two novel ca(2+)/calmodulin (cam)-regulated protein kinases in aspergillus nidulans. the two kinases, cmkb and cmkc, possess high sequence identity with mammalian cam kinases (camks) i/iv and camkkalpha/beta, respectively. in vitro cmkc phosphorylates and increases the activity of cmkb, indicating they are biochemical homologues of camkkalpha/beta and camki/iv. the disruption of cmkb is lethal; however, when protein expression is postponed, the spores ...	2000	10988293
structural and functional analysis of mutations in alkaptonuria.	alkaptonuria (aku), the prototypic inborn error of metabolism, was the first human disease to be interpreted as a mendelian trait by garrod and bateson at the beginning of last century. aku results from impaired function of homogentisate dioxygenase (hgo), an enzyme required for the catabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine. with the novel 7 aku and 22 fungal mutations reported here, a total of 84 mutations impairing this enzyme have been found in the hgo gene from humans and model organisms. for ...	2000	11001939
characterization of two putative histone deacetylase genes from aspergillus nidulans.	in eukaryotic organisms, acetylation of core histones plays a key role in the regulation of transcription. multiple histone acetyltransferases (hats) and histone deacetylases (hdacs) maintain a dynamic equilibrium of histone acetylation. the latter form a highly conserved protein family in many eukaryotic species. in this paper, we report the cloning and sequencing of two putative histone deacetylase genes (rpda, hosa) of aspergillus nidulans, which are the first to be analyzed from filamentous ...	2000	11004483
antisense silencing of the crea gene in aspergillus nidulans.	antisense expression of a portion of the gene encoding the major carbon catabolite repressor crea in aspergillus nidulans resulted in a substantial increase in the levels of glucose-repressible enzymes, both endogenous and heterologous, in the presence of glucose. the derepression effect was approximately one-half of that achieved in a null crea mutant. unlike results for that mutant, however, growth parameters and colony morphology in the antisense transformants were not affected.	2000	11010922
characterization of mrad18sc, a mouse homolog of the yeast postreplication repair gene rad18.	the rad18 gene of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a protein with ssdna binding activity that interacts with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme rad6 and plays an important role in postreplication repair. we identified and characterized the putative mouse homolog of rad18, designated mrad18sc. the mrad18sc open reading frame encodes a 509-amino-acid polypeptide that is strongly conserved in size and sequence between yeast and mammals, with specific conservation of the ring-zinc-finger and ...	2000	11013078
development of a pcr-based line probe assay for identification of fungal pathogens.	we report on a reverse-hybridization line probe assay (lipa) which when combined with pcr amplification detects and identifies clinically significant fungal pathogens including candida, aspergillus, and cryptococcus species. dna probes have been designed from the internal transcribed-spacer (its) regions of candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, candida glabrata, candida tropicalis, candida krusei, candida dubliniensis, cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus versicolor, asp ...	2000	11015393
rapid and sensitive plate method for detection of aspergillus fumigatus.	the routine identification of aspergillus fumigatus in clinical samples involves, apart from direct examination, the isolation of the organism on a plate followed by its microscopic characterization. this approach lacks sensitivity, specificity, and speed. a new procedure has been developed combining microcolony formation on a nylon membrane filter at 45 degrees c with the detection of a specific 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-l-arabinopyranoside cleaving enzyme activity in digitonin permeabilized c ...	2000	11015405
protein expression and subcellular localization of the general purine transporter uapc from aspergillus nidulans.	the uapc gene of aspergillus nidulans belongs to a family of nucleobase-specific transporters conserved in prokaryotic and eucaryotic organisms. we report the use of immunological and green fluorescent protein based strategies to study protein expression and subcellular distribution of uapc. a chimeric protein containing a plant-adapted green fluorescent protein (sgfp) fused to the c-terminus of uapc was shown to be functional in vivo, as it complements a triple mutant (i.e., uapc(-) uapa(-) azg ...	2000	11017766
the dna-binding domain of the gene regulatory protein area extends beyond the minimal zinc-finger region conserved between gata proteins.	the area protein of aspergillus nidulans regulates the activity of over 100 genes involved in the utilisation of nitrogen, and has a limited region of homology with the vertebrate family of gata proteins around a zinc finger (zf) motif. a 66 amino acid (a.a.) residue fragment (zf(66)) corresponding to the zinc finger, a 91 a.a fragment (zf(91)) containing an additional 25 a.a. at the c-terminus, and a much larger 728 a.a. sequence (3'ex) corresponding to the 3'exon have been over-expressed as fu ...	2000	11018257
characterization and mapping of an informational suppressor in aspergillus nidulans.	the present work was undertaken to characterize a suppressor gene present in a mutant strain of a. nidulans obtained with ntg (n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine). analyses of this mutant have shown that this suppressor, designated suo1, induces phenotypic co-reversion of several auxotrophic mutations and makes the strain sensitive to aminoglycoside antibiotics and lower temperatures. suo1 has shown to be on linkage group viii. the vegetative growth of the mutant strain is very unstable becaus ...	2000	11021306
the aspergillus nidulans cysa gene encodes a novel type of serine o-acetyltransferase which is homologous to homoserine o-acetyltransferases.	the aspergillus nidulans cysa gene was cloned by functional complementation of the cysa1 mutation that impairs the synthesis of o:-acetylserine. the molecular nature of cysa1 and cysa103 alleles was characterized; a nucleotide substitution and a frame shift were found in the former and a deletion mutation in the latter. the cysa protein is 525 amino acids long and is encoded by an uninterrupted open reading frame. expression of the cysa gene appears not to be regulated by sulfur, carbon and nitr ...	2000	11021945
biolistic co-transformation of metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum strain cg423 with green fluorescent protein and resistance to glufosinate ammonium.	metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (syn. m. flavoviride) is recognized as a highly specific and virulent mycopathogen of locusts and grasshoppers and is currently being developed as a biological control agent for this group of insects in brazil. intact conidia of m. anisopliae var. acridum strain cg423 were transformed using microparticle bombardment. plasmids used were: (1) pbarks1 carrying the bar gene of streptomyces hygroscopicus fused to the aspergillus nidulans trpc promoter, encoding res ...	2000	11024271
comparison of the sequences of the aspergillus nidulans hxb and drosophila melanogaster ma-l genes with nifs from azotobacter vinelandii suggests a mechanism for the insertion of the terminal sulphur atom in the molybdopterin cofactor.	the molybdopterin cofactor (mocf) is required for the activity of a variety of oxidoreductases. the xanthine oxidase class of molybdoenzymes requires the mocf to have a terminal, cyanolysable sulphur ligand. in the sulphite oxidase/nitrate reductase class, an oxygen is present in the same position. mutations in both the ma-l gene of drosophila melanogaster and the hxb gene of aspergillus nidulans result in loss of activities of all molybdoenzymes that necessitate a cyanolysable sulphur in the ac ...	2000	11029694
xylp promoter-based expression system and its use for antisense downregulation of the penicillium chrysogenum nitrogen regulator nre.	a highly inducible fungal promoter derived from the penicillium chrysogenum endoxylanase (xylp) gene is described. northern analysis and the use of a beta-glucuronidase (uida) reporter gene strategy showed that xylp expression is transcriptionally regulated. xylan and xylose are efficient inducers, whereas glucose strongly represses the promoter activity. comparison of the same expression construct as a single copy at the niad locus in p. chrysogenum and at the argb locus in aspergillus nidulans ...	2000	11055928
functional analysis of the leader peptide of the yeast gene cpa1 and heterologous regulation by other fungal peptides.	the 25-amino-acid leader peptide present at the 5' end of yeast cpa1 mrna is responsible for the translational repression of that gene by arginine. we show here that the active domain of the yeast peptide is highly specific and extends over amino acids 6-23. the region between amino acids 6-21 is well conserved between similar peptides present upstream of cpa1-homologous genes in other fungi. the neurospora crassa arg-2 peptide represses the expression of cpa1, whereas the peptide from aspergill ...	2000	11057443
sulfate assimilation in aspergillus terreus: analysis of genes encoding atp-sulfurylase and paps-reductase.	two genes for the sulfate assimilation pathway in aspergillus terreus were cloned. the genes sat (coding for paps-reductase) and sct (coding for atp-sulfurylase) form a small gene cluster. both genes are similar to their homologs in a. nidulans (sa and sc), penicillium chrysogenum (aps) and saccharomyces cerevisiae (met3 and met16). in the coding sequence of the sct gene, a typical non-functional aps-kinase-like domain is present. the sct gene is expressed in a. nidulans, but its expression ther ...	2000	11057445
[detection of emericella nidulans from bedding materials in horse breeding environment and its significance as a causative agent of guttural pouch mycosis in horses].	sixty-six new and used samples of horse bedding materials: 60 rice straws, 2 wheat straws, 2 timothy hays and 2 wood chips, were collected from horse breeding stables of 33 farms in japan and examined for the presence of emericella nidulans (e. nidulans; anam. aspergillus nidulans). the incidence of e. nidulans in the bedding materials was 75.8% and there was no significant difference in detection of the fungus between the new and used materials (25 out of the 33 samples, respectively). the grow ...	2000	11064324
g-protein signalling mediates differential production of toxic secondary metabolites.	filamentous fungi elaborate a complex array of secondary metabolites, including antibiotics and mycotoxins. as many of these compounds pose significant economic and health concerns, elucidation of the underlying cellular mechanisms that control their production is essential. previous work revealed that synthesis of the carcinogenic mycotoxins sterigmatocystin (st) and aflatoxin (af) in aspergillus species is negatively controlled by fada, the alpha-subunit of a heterotrimeric g-protein. in sharp ...	2000	11069688
a rapid method for efficient gene replacement in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans.	the construction of mutant fungal strains is often limited by the poor efficiency of homologous recombination in these organisms. higher recombination efficiencies can be obtained by increasing the length of homologous dna flanking the transformation marker, although this is a tedious process when standard molecular biology techniques are used for the construction of gene replacement cassettes. here, we present a two-step technology which takes advantage of an escherichia coli strain expressing ...	2000	11071951
sconc, a gene involved in the regulation of sulphur metabolism in aspergillus nidulans, belongs to the skp1 gene family.	sconc, which encodes a negative regulator of sulphur metabolism in aspergillus nidulans was cloned, sequenced, and found to belong to the highly conserved family of skp1 genes essential for many cell functions, including cell cycle regulation. the orf of 722 bp, encoding a protein of 161 amino acids, is interrupted by four introns. there is a fifth intron (135 bp long) in the upstream untranslated sequence. two point mutations in conserved regions were identified in the mutant alleles sconc3 and ...	2000	11085267
a recq family dna helicase gene from aspergillus nidulans.	we have identified an aspergillus nidulans gene encoding a recq family helicase which we have therefore named recq. the a. nidulans recq protein is most closely related in sequence to human recq helicase 5. like the latter polypeptide, a. nidulans recq consists of little more than the conserved helicase domain, lacking the long amino- and carboxy-terminal extensions seen in other recq family members such as blm and wrn and in the sole recq family helicase of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (s ...	2000	11092746
iron starvation leads to increased expression of cu/zn-superoxide dismutase in aspergillus.	in a search for iron-regulated proteins of aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus fumigatus a 16-kda protein was identified which is about 5-fold upregulated during iron starvation in both species and which can be approximately 500-fold enriched by simple one-step chromatography on amberlite xad-16 resin. n-terminal protein sequence analysis and cloning of the respective a. nidulans cdna identified this protein as a cu/zn-superoxide dismutase (soda). northern analysis revealed that upregulation of ...	2000	11094151
studies of isopenicillin n synthase enzymatic properties using a continuous spectrophotometric assay.	isopenicillin n synthase (ipns) from aspergillus nidulans is a no-heme iron(ii)-dependent oxygenase which catalyses, in a single reaction, the bicyclisation of delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipoyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine into isopenicillin n, the precursor of all other penicillins, cephalosporins and cephamycins. the ipns reaction can be followed directly and continuously by a new assay which monitors the absorbance increase at 235 nm characteristic of penicillin nucleus formation. using this assay, the ef ...	2000	11094156
landmarks in the early duplication cycles of aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus nidulans: polarity, germ tube emergence and septation.	when the spores of filamentous fungi break dormancy, nuclear division is accompanied by a series of ordered morphological events including the switch from isotropic to polar growth, the emergence of a second germ tube from the conidium and septation. correlation of these morphological events with nuclear number allows them to serve as duplication cycle landmarks. early duplication cycle landmarks have been characterized in aspergillus nidulans, but not in other filamentous fungi. to learn more a ...	2000	11101686
the aspergillus nidulans xprf gene encodes a hexokinase-like protein involved in the regulation of extracellular proteases.	the extracellular proteases of aspergillus nidulans are produced in response to limitation of carbon, nitrogen, or sulfur, even in the absence of exogenous protein. mutations in the a. nidulans xprf and xprg genes have been shown to result in elevated levels of extracellular protease in response to carbon limitation. the xprf gene was isolated and sequence analysis indicates that it encodes a 615-amino-acid protein, which represents a new type of fungal hexokinase or hexokinase-like protein. in ...	2000	11102357
extragenic suppressors of the nimx2(cdc2) mutation of aspergillus nidulans affect nuclear division, septation and conidiation.	the aspergillus nidulans nimx(cdc2) protein kinase has been shown to be required for both the g(2)/m and g(1)/s transitions, and recent evidence has implicated a role for nimx(cdc2) in septation and conidiation. while much is understood of its g(2)/m function, little is known about the functions of nimx(cdc2) during g(1)/s, septation, and conidiophore development. in an attempt to better understand how nimx(cdc2) is involved in these processes, we have isolated four extragenic suppressors of the ...	2000	11102358
regulation of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (alda) and its role in the control of the coinducer level necessary for induction of the ethanol utilization pathway in aspergillus nidulans.	expression of the structural genes for alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase, alca and alda, respectively, enables the fungus aspergillus nidulans to grow on ethanol. the pathway-specific transcriptional activator alcr mediates the induction of ethanol catabolism in the presence of a coinducing compound. ethanol catabolism is further subject to negative control mediated by the general carbon catabolite repressor crea. here we show that, in contrast to alca and alcr, the alda gene is not directly su ...	2001	11102439
species-specific profiles of mycotoxins produced in cultures and associated with conidia of airborne fungi derived from biowaste.	the potential to produce mycotoxins and non-volatile secondary metabolites was investigated for approximately 250 freshly isolated fungal strains. among the eleven most relevant species, viz. aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus, a. niger, a. parasiticus, a. versicolor, emericella nidulans, paecilomyces variotii, penicillium brevicompactum, p. clavigerum, p. crustosum, and p. polonicum, a wide range of metabolites partly of toxicological relevance was identified. several unknown metabolites were fou ...	2000	11109562
characterization of aspergillus niger pectate lyase a.	the aspergillus niger plya gene encoding pectate lyase a (ec 4.2.99. 3) was cloned from a chromosomal lambda(embl4) library using the aspergillus nidulans pectate lyase encoding gene [dean, r. a., and timberlake, w. e. (1989) plant cell 1, 275-284] as a probe. the plya gene was overexpressed using a promoter fusion with the a. niger pyruvate kinase promoter. purification of the recombinant pectate lyase a resulted in the identification of two enzyme forms of which one appeared to be n-glycosylat ...	2000	11112543
a genetic interaction between a ubiquitin-like protein and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in dictyostelium discoideum(1).	a ubiquitination factor, nosa, is essential for cellular differentiation in dictyostelium discoideum. in the absence of nosa, development is blocked, resulting in a developmental arrest at the tight-aggregate stage, when cells differentiate into two precursor cell types, prespore and prestalk cells. development is restored when a second gene, encoding the ubiquitin-like protein sona, is inactivated in nosa-mutant cells. sona has homology over its entire length to dsk2 from saccharomyces cerevisi ...	2000	11118648
the abaa homologue of penicillium marneffei participates in two developmental programmes: conidiation and dimorphic growth.	penicillium marneffei is the only known species of its genus that is dimorphic. at 25 degrees c, p. marneffei exhibits true filamentous growth and undergoes asexual development producing spores borne on complex structures called conidiophores. at 37 degrees c, p. marneffei undergoes a dimorphic transition to produce uninucleate yeast cells that divide by fission. we have cloned a homologue of the aspergillus nidulans abaa gene encoding an atts/tea dna-binding domain transcriptional regulator and ...	2000	11123677
molecular and physiological characterization of the nad-dependent glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans.	in filamentous fungi, glycerol biosynthesis has been proposed to play an important role during conidiospore germination and in response to a hyperosmotic shock, but little is known about the genes involved. here, we report on the characterization of the major aspergillus nidulans glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (g3pdh)-encoding gene, gfda. g3pdh is responsible for the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (dhap) into glycerol 3-phosphate (g3p), which is subsequently converted into glycerol ...	2001	11123696
5' race by tailing a general template-switching oligonucleotide.		2000	11126119
the prr1 response regulator is essential for transcription of ste11+ and for sexual development in fission yeast.	schizosaccharomyces pombe expresses a putative transcription factor, named prr1, which is intriguing in the sense that it contains a bacterial type of phospho-accepting receiver domain, preceded by a mammalian heat shock factor (hsf2)-like dna-binding domain. the receiver domain is most probably involved in an as yet unidentified histidine-to-aspartate (his-to-asp) phosphorelay pathway in s. pombe. in this study, the structure, function, and cellular localization of prr1 were assessed in the con ...	2000	11129048
isolation and analysis of flup, a gene associated with hyphal growth and sporulation in aspergillus parasiticus.	aflatoxins (af) are polyketide-derived mycotoxins that frequently contaminate food and feed crops, causing health risks to animals and humans. the flup gene was cloned by screening an aspergillus parasiticus genomic dna library with a cdna probe encoding part of a polyketide synthase (pks), the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase (msas) from penicillium patulum. flup was hypothesized to function as a pks in af biosynthesis. the predicted amino acid sequence of flup demonstrated a high degree of iden ...	2000	11129056
glucose does not activate the plasma-membrane-bound h+-atpase but affects pmaa transcript abundance in aspergillus nidulans.	the addition of glucose to starved cells of aspergillus nidulans increased the abundance of the pmaa transcript only transiently (15 min) and to a very low degree (1.3-fold), but strongly decreased its abundance during further incubation. this down-regulation was crea (carbon catabolite repressor protein)-dependent. glucose failed to stimulate the plasma membrane (pm)-atpase activity of a. nidulans, whereas under the same experimental conditions the activity of the enzyme from saccharomyces cere ...	2000	11131024
the human homologue of the aspergillus nuclear migration gene nudc is preferentially expressed in dividing cells and ciliated epithelia.	we recently identified a novel human gene, hnudc, homologous to an aspergillus nidulans gene coding for a protein crucial to nuclear migration, cell wall morphogenesis, and cell growth. while mrna for this gene is expressed in most tissues, hnudc protein expression is highly regulated. to provide insight into the function of this protein, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of hnudc in 19 different human tissues. intense immunolabeling was observed in proliferating cell ...	2000	11131094
lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain si3 produces a broad-spectrum proteinaceous antifungal compound.	the antifungal activity spectrum of lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain si3 was investigated. the strain had strong inhibitory activity in dual-culture agar plate assays against the molds aspergillus fumigatus, a. nidulans, penicillium roqueforti, mucor hiemalis, talaromyces flavus, fusarium poae, f. graminearum, f. culmorum, and f. sporotrichoides. a weaker activity was observed against the yeasts debaryomyces hansenii, kluyveromyces marxianus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. th ...	2001	11133421
ph signaling in sclerotinia sclerotiorum: identification of a pacc/rim1 homolog.	sclerotinia sclerotiorum acidifies its ambient environment by producing oxalic acid. this production of oxalic acid during plant infection has been implicated as a primary determinant of pathogenicity in this and other phytopathogenic fungi. we found that ambient ph conditions affect multiple processes in s. sclerotiorum. exposure to increasing alkaline ambient ph increased the oxalic acid accumulation independent of carbon source, sclerotial development was favored by acidic ambient ph conditio ...	2001	11133430
nudf, a fungal homolog of the human lis1 protein, functions as a dimer in vivo.	the nudf protein is required for nuclear migration through the mycelium of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. it is of particular interest, because it closely resembles a human protein, lis1, that is required for development of the cerebral cortex. both are approximately 50-kda proteins with a short n-terminal predicted coiled coil and seven wd-40 domains in the c-terminal half of the molecule. they also interact with homologous proteins, suggesting that they may have similar biochemic ...	2001	11134054
two kinesin-related proteins associated with the cold-stable cytoskeleton of carrot cells: characterization of a novel kinesin, dckrp120-2.	we have previously described the biochemical isolation of 65 kda and 120 kda microtubule-associated proteins from carrot cytoskeletons. the 65 kda maps have subsequently been shown to be structural maps that reconstitute 30 nm cross-bridges of the kind that maintain cortical microtubules in parallel groups. by exploiting its avid binding to microtubules, we have now devised a method for isolating map120 from protoplast extracts, and shown that it has properties of a kinesin-related protein. map1 ...	2000	11135119
pds5 cooperates with cohesin in maintaining sister chromatid cohesion.	sister chromatid cohesion depends on a complex called cohesin, which contains at least four subunits: smc1, smc3, scc1 and scc3. cohesion is established during dna replication, is partially dismantled in many, but not all, organisms during prophase, and is finally destroyed at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. a quite separate protein called spo76 is required for sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis in the ascomycete sordaria. spo76-like proteins are highly conserved amongst eukaryotes a ...	2000	11137006
clinical aspects of chronic granulomatous disease.	data from a registry of 368 patients with chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) documenta shift in the most common infecting organisms away from staphylococci and enteric bacteria to aspergillus species, although staphylococci remain a threat. a. nidulans appears to have a particular virulence in cgd. burkholderia cepacia sepsis/pneumonia was the second most lethal infection in patients in the registry. seventy-six percent of registry patients had the x-linked recessive (xlr) form of cgd. choriore ...	2001	11138621
the formamidase gene of aspergillus nidulans: regulation by nitrogen metabolite repression and transcriptional interference by an overlapping upstream gene.	the ability to utilize formamide as a sole nitrogen source has been found in numerous fungi. we have cloned the fmds gene encoding a formamidase from aspergillus nidulans and found that it belongs to a highly conserved family of proteins separate from the major amidase families. the expression of fmds is primarily regulated via area-mediated nitrogen metabolite repression and does not require the addition of exogenous inducer. consistent with this, deletion analysis of the 5' region of fmds has ...	2001	11139496
sexual diploids of aspergillus nidulans do not form by random fusion of nuclei in the heterokaryon.	the sexual stage of aspergillus (emericella) nidulans consists of cleistothecia containing asci, each with eight ascospores. the fungus completes the sexual cycle in a homokaryotic or a heterokaryotic mycelium, respectively. the common assumption for the last 50 years was that different nuclear types are not distinguishable when sexual development is initiated. when cultured on a medium limited for glucose supplemented with 2% sorbitol, sexual development of a. nidulans is slowed and intact tetr ...	2001	11139498
genetic involvement of a camp-dependent protein kinase in a g protein signaling pathway regulating morphological and chemical transitions in aspergillus nidulans.	in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, a heterotrimeric g protein alpha-subunit and an rgs domain protein, encoded by fada and flba, respectively, regulate production of the carcinogenic metabolite sterigmatocystin (st) and asexual spores (i.e., conidia). we investigated the genetic involvement of the camp-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (pkaa), a potential downstream target of fada activity, in st production and conidiation. relative to wild type, sporulation was decreased i ...	2001	11156981
multiple catalase genes are differentially regulated in aspergillus nidulans.	detoxification of hydrogen peroxide is a fundamental aspect of the cellular antioxidant responses in which catalases play a major role. two differentially regulated catalase genes, cata and catb, have been studied in aspergillus nidulans. here we have characterized a third catalase gene, designated catc, which predicts a 475-amino-acid polypeptide containing a peroxisome-targeting signal. with a molecular mass of 54 kda, catc shows high similarity to other small-subunit monofunctional catalases ...	2001	11157957
the wide-domain carbon catabolite repressor crea indirectly controls expression of the aspergillus nidulans xlnb gene, encoding the acidic endo-beta-(1,4)-xylanase x(24).	the aspergillus nidulans xlnb gene, which encodes the acidic endo-beta-(1,4)-xylanase x(24), is expressed when xylose is present as the sole carbon source and repressed in the presence of glucose. that the mutation crea(d)30 results in considerably elevated levels of xlnb mrna indicates a role for the wide-domain repressor crea in the repression of xlnb promoter (xlnbp) activity. functional analyses of xlnbp::goxc reporter constructs show that none of the four crea consensus target sites identif ...	2001	11160081
morphological characterization of aspergillus nidulans: growth, septation and fragmentation.	the influence of the sepa gene on the growth of aspergillus nidulans has been investigated by characterizing and comparing the parental strain a28 (pabaa6 bia1) with the sepa null mutant (sepa4deltabm:). the sepa gene is known to affect the septation process in a. nidulans, therefore the sepa4deltabm: strain does not produce any septa during the first hours of growth. during batch cultivations sepa4deltabm: shows an abrupt decrease in specific growth rate and more pronounced fragmentation (in re ...	2001	11160817
nek2 expression and localization in porcine oocyte during maturation.	we studied the role of the ser/thr protein kinase nek2 on meiosis progression by using in vitro porcine oocyte maturation system. nek2 is a candidate of a mammalian homologue of nima, which was found in aspergillus nidulans as an essential molecule for mitosis progression. we cloned porcine nek2 cdna, and examined the mrna and protein expression levels during meiosis progression. the expression levels did not change through the oocyte maturation, but fluorescence microscopy observation of nek2 i ...	2000	11162431
lis1 regulates cns lamination by interacting with mnude, a central component of the centrosome.	lis1, a microtubule-associated protein, is required for neuronal migration, but the precise mechanism of lis1 function is unknown. we identified a lis1 interacting protein encoded by a mouse homolog of nude, a nuclear distribution gene in a. nidulans and a multicopy suppressor of the lis1 homolog, nudf. mnude is located in the centrosome or microtubule organizing center (mtoc), and interacts with six different centrosomal proteins. overexpression of mnude dissociates gamma-tubulin from the centr ...	2000	11163258
a lis1/nudel/cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain complex in the developing and adult nervous system.	mutations in mammalian lis1 (pafah1b1) result in neuronal migration defects. several lines of evidence suggest that lis1 participates in pathways regulating microtubule function, but the molecular mechanisms are unknown. here, we demonstrate that lis1 directly interacts with the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain (cdhc) and nudel, a murine homolog of the aspergillus nidulans nuclear migration mutant nude. lis1 and nudel colocalize predominantly at the centrosome in early neuroblasts but redistribute ...	2000	11163259
nudel is a novel cdk5 substrate that associates with lis1 and cytoplasmic dynein.	disruption of one allele of the lis1 gene causes a severe developmental brain abnormality, type i lissencephaly. in aspergillus nidulans, the lis1 homolog, nudf, and cytoplasmic dynein are genetically linked and regulate nuclear movements during hyphal growth. recently, we demonstrated that mammalian lis1 regulates dynein functions. here we characterize nudel, a novel lis1-interacting protein with sequence homology to gene products also implicated in nuclear distribution in fungi. like lis1, nud ...	2000	11163260
evaluating low level sequence identities. are aspergillus quta and arom homologous?	a review published several years ago [hawkins, a.r. & lamb, h.k. (1995) eur. j. biochem. 232, 7-18] proposed that genetic, biochemical and physiological data can override sequence comparison in the determination of homology in instances where structural information is unavailable. their lead example was the hypothesis that the transcriptional activator protein for quinate catabolism in aspergillus nidulans, quta, is derived from the pentafunctional arom protein by a gene duplication followed by ...	2001	11168377
the rpl16a gene for ribosomal protein l16a identified from expressed sequence tags is differentially expressed during sexual development of aspergillus nidulans.	we obtained 305 expressed sequence tags (ests), which are from the poly(a) site to the most proximal mboi site, from mycelia at the early sexual developmental (esd) stage of aspergillus nidulans. by comparison of these ests with those obtained previously from the vegetative stage and from the late sexual developmental stage followed by northern blot analyses, genes of 17 ests were identified as being expressed more abundantly at the esd stage than at the vegetative stage. five of 17 genes were e ...	2000	11170736
septum position is marked at the tip of aspergillus nidulans hyphae.	aspergillus nidulans hyphae have long tip cells that are separated from short basal cells by septa. basal cells average 40 microm long with three or four nuclei. septation follows parasynchronous mitoses in the tip cell and seems to occur at premarked sites, but how these sites are established is unclear. a. nidulans strains with the hypa1 mutation are wildtype at 28 degrees c but if shifted to 42 degrees c, their tip cells insert septa with a wildtype spacing, apparently triggered by an aberran ...	2000	11170740
the molecular basis of 3-methylcrotonylglycinuria, a disorder of leucine catabolism.	3-methylcrotonylglycinuria is an inborn error of leucine catabolism and has a recessive pattern of inheritance that results from the deficiency of 3-methylcrotonyl-coa carboxylase (mcc). the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry in newborn screening has revealed an unexpectedly high incidence of this disorder, which, in certain areas, appears to be the most frequent organic aciduria. mcc, an heteromeric enzyme consisting of alpha (biotin-containing) and beta subunits, is the only one of the f ...	2001	11170888
identification of many crystal forms of aspergillus nidulans dehydroquinate synthase.	extensive crystallization trials of aspergillus nidulans dehydroquinate synthase, a potential novel target for antimicrobial drugs, in complexes with different ligands have resulted in the identification of nine crystal forms. crystals of unliganded dhqs, binary complexes with either the substrate analogue, carbaphosphonate or the cofactor nadh, as well as the ternary dhqs-carbaphosphonate-cofactor complex, were obtained. the ternary complex crystallizes from ammonium sulfate and cocl(2) in spac ...	2001	11173489
peroxide sensors for the fission yeast stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.	the schizosaccharomyces pombe stress-activated sty1p/spc1p mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase regulates gene expression through the atf1p and pap1p transcription factors, homologs of human atf2 and c-jun, respectively. mcs4p, a response regulator protein, acts upstream of sty1p by binding the wak1p/wis4p map kinase kinase kinase. we show that phosphorylation of mcs4p on a conserved aspartic acid residue is required for activation of sty1p only in response to peroxide stress. mcs4p acts in a ...	2001	11179424
cloning and expression in phospholipid containing cultures of the gene encoding the specific phosphatidylglycerol/phosphatidylinositol transfer protein from aspergillus oryzae: evidence that the pg/pi-tp is tandemly arranged with the putative 3-ketoacyl-coa thiolase gene.	the phosphatidylglycerol/phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (pg/pi-tp) is a new and original phospholipid transfer protein (pltp) isolated from the deuteromycete, aspergillus oryzae. we have isolated a genomic clone of the a. oryzae pg/pi-tp using a probe derived from the corresponding cdna and sequenced the complete gene. the dna sequence analysis revealed that pg/pi-tp gene is composed of three exons encoding a 18,823 da protein of 175 amino acids as previously described and of two introns ...	2001	11179668
differential expression of house-keeping genes of aspergillus nidulans during sexual development.	the rpl3 gene and the rpl37 gene for aspergillus nidulans ribosomal protein l3 (rpl3) and rpl37, which were identified as located on chromosome i and chromosome iii, respectively, were isolated from chromosome-specific cosmid libraries. the nucleotide sequences of both of the rpl3 gene and the rpl37 gene identified the orfs of 392 amino acids and 92 amino acids, respectively. both of the two genes were present in a single copy. the expression of both genes together with two other house-keeping g ...	2001	11179686
identification of medically important aspergillus species by single strand conformational polymorphism (sscp) of the pcr-amplified intergenic spacer region.	the amplified 5.8s rna coding dna with the neighbouring internal transcribed spacers its i and its ii (its i--5.8s rdna--its ii) of 27 culture collection strains of aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus niger, and aspergillus terreus were investigated by single strand conformational polymorphism (sscp) analysis. all strains showed a polymerase gel electrophoresis (pcr) product of 0.6 kb. separation of dna single strands of the pcr product in an acrylamide-b ...	2000	11204354
exploring infection of wheat and carbohydrate metabolism in mycosphaerella graminicola transformants with differentially regulated green fluorescent protein expression.	a mycosphaerella graminicola strain transformed with the green fluorescent protein (gfp) downstream of either a carbon source-repressed promoter or a constitutive promoter was used to investigate in situ carbohydrate uptake during penetration of the fungus in wheat leaves. the promoter region of the acu-3 gene from neurospora crassa encoding isocitrate lyase was used as a carbon source-repressed promoter. the promoter region of the aspergillus nidulans gpda gene encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phospha ...	2001	11204778
maize ribosome-inactivating protein inhibits normal development of aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus flavus.	the abundant maize kernel ribosome-inactivating protein 1 (rip1) was tested for antifungal activity against aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus flavus. a microculture assay was developed to monitor fungal growth and development after treatment of conidia with rip1 or control proteins. a striking decrease in hyphal proliferation was observed when conidia of a. nidulans, a genetically well-characterized nonpathogenic species, were treated with rip1 protein. treatment with a rip1 mutant protein th ...	2001	11204779
the aspergillus nidulans bnca1 mutation causes defects in the cell division cycle, nuclear movement and developmental morphogenesis.	wild-type aspergillus nidulans conidia are uninucleate. the mutation bnca1 (binucleated conidia) was first described as a single mutation located on chromosome iv that caused formation of approximately 25% binucleate and 1% trinucleate conidia. in this study, we show that bnca1 conidia exit g1 arrest earlier than the wild type. germlings have hyphal elements with abnormal morphology, elevated numbers of randomly distributed nuclei and an irregular septation pattern. older hyphal elements undergo ...	2001	11212909
an aspergillus nidulans uvsc null mutant is deficient in homologous dna integration.	the aspergillus nidulans uvsc gene was identified as a homolog of rad51 and reca of saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli, respectively, whose role in genetic recombination and recombinational repair has been extensively studied. like many other filamentous fungi, a. nidulans shows no bias towards either homologous or ectopic integration of exogenous dna. therefore it is a unique and useful organism for the study of the mechanisms of dna integration. homologous integration of a 1.7-kb ar ...	2001	11212926
mycoflora and mycotoxins in brazilian black pepper, white pepper and brazil nuts.	a wide range of field and storage fungi were isolated from black pepper, white pepper and brazil nut kernels from amazonia. a total of 42 species were isolated from both peppers. aspergillus flavus and a. niger were isolated more frequently from black than from white pepper. other potential mycotoxigenic species isolated included: a. ochraceus, a. tamarii, a. versicolor, emericella nidulans and chaetomium globosum, penicillium brevicompactum, p. citrinum, p. islandicum and p. glabrum. species is ...	2000	11229375
nude-l, a novel lis1-interacting protein, belongs to a family of vertebrate coiled-coil proteins.	the lis1-encoded protein (lis1) plays a role in brain development because a hemizygous deletion or mutation of the human gene causes neuronal migration disorders, such as miller-dieker syndrome (mds) or isolated lissencephaly sequence (ils). using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we have isolated a novel protein that interacts with mouse lis1 (mlis1) which is termed mouse nude-like protein (mnude-l) because of its 49% amino acid conservation with nude, a protein involved in nuclear migration in asperg ...	2001	11231056
alpha-amylase production in high cell density submerged cultivation of aspergillus oryzae and a. nidulans.	the effect of biomass concentration on the formation of aspergillus oryzae alpha-amylase during submerged cultivation with a. oryzae and recombinant a. nidulans strains has been investigated. it was found that the specific rate of alpha-amylase formation in chemostats decreased significantly with increasing biomass concentration in the range of approx. 2-12 g dry weight kg(-1). when using a recombinant a. nidulans strain in which the gene responsible for carbon catabolite repression of the a. or ...	2001	11234963
accumulation of stress and inducer-dependent plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes during asexual development in aspergillus nidulans.	determination and interpretation of fungal gene expression profiles based on digital reconstruction of expressed sequenced tags (ests) are reported. a total of 51,524 dna sequence files processed with pipeonline resulted in 9775 single and 5660 contig unique ests, 31.2% of a typical fungal transcriptome. half of the unique ests shared homology with genes in public databases, 35.8% of which are functionally defined and 64.2% are unclear or unknown. in aspergillus nidulans 86% of transcripts assoc ...	2001	11238386
characterization of the aspergillus nidulans septin (asp) gene family.	members of the septin gene family are involved in cytokinesis and the organization of new growth in organisms as diverse as yeast, fruit fly, worm, mouse, and human. five septin genes have been cloned and sequenced from the model filamentous fungus a. nidulans. as expected, the a. nidulans septins contain the highly conserved gtp binding and coiled-coil domains seen in other septins. on the basis of hybridization of clones to a chromosome-specific library and correlation with an a. nidulans phys ...	2001	11238387
an ste12 homolog from the asexual, dimorphic fungus penicillium marneffei complements the defect in sexual development of an aspergillus nidulans stea mutant.	penicillium marneffei is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans and the only dimorphic species identified in its genus. at 25 degrees p. marneffei exhibits true filamentous growth, while at 37 degrees p. marneffei undergoes a dimorphic transition to produce uninucleate yeast cells that divide by fission. members of the ste12 family of regulators are involved in controlling mating and yeast-hyphal transitions in a number of fungi. we have cloned a homolog of the s. cerevisiae ste12 gene from ...	2001	11238390
analysis of the pdx-1 (snz-1/sno-1) region of the neurospora crassa genome: correlation of pyridoxine-requiring phenotypes with mutations in two structural genes.	we report the analysis of a 36-kbp region of the neurospora crassa genome, which contains homologs of two closely linked stationary phase genes, snz1 and sno1, from saccharomyces cerevisiae. homologs of snz1 encode extremely highly conserved proteins that have been implicated in pyridoxine (vitamin b6) metabolism in the filamentous fungi cercospora nicotianae and in aspergillus nidulans. in n. crassa, snz and sno homologs map to the region occupied by pdx-1 (pyridoxine requiring), a gene that ha ...	2001	11238395
fumble encodes a pantothenate kinase homolog required for proper mitosis and meiosis in drosophila melanogaster.	a number of fundamental processes comprise the cell division cycle, including spindle formation, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis. our current understanding of these processes has benefited from the isolation and analysis of mutants, with the meiotic divisions in the male germline of drosophila being particularly well suited to the identification of the required genes. we show here that the fumble (fbl) gene is required for cell division in drosophila. we find that dividing cells in fbl-d ...	2001	11238410
ambient ph signaling regulates nuclear localization of the aspergillus nidulans pacc transcription factor.	the aspergillus nidulans zinc finger transcription factor pacc is activated by proteolytic processing in response to ambient alkaline ph. the ph-regulated step is the transition of full-length pacc from a closed to an open, protease-accessible conformation. here we show that in the absence of ambient ph signaling, the c-terminal negative-acting domain prevents the nuclear localization of full-length closed pacc. in contrast, the processed pacc form is almost exclusively nuclear at any ambient ph ...	2001	11238906
the aspergillus nidulans multimeric ccaat binding complex ancf is negatively autoregulated via its hapb subunit gene.	cis-acting ccaat elements are frequently found in eukaryotic promoter regions. many of them are bound by conserved multimeric complexes. in the fungus aspergillus nidulans the respective complex was designated ancf (a. nidulans ccaat binding factor). ancf is composed of at least three subunits designated hapb, hapc and hape. here, we show that the promoter regions of the hapb genes in both a. nidulans and aspergillus oryzae contain two inversely oriented, conserved ccaat boxes (box alpha and box ...	2001	11243777
glucan synthase complex of aspergillus fumigatus.	the glucan synthase complex of the human pathogenic mold aspergillus fumigatus has been investigated. the genes encoding the putative catalytic subunit fks1p and four rho proteins of a. fumigatus were cloned and sequenced. sequence analysis showed that affks1p was a transmembrane protein very similar to other fksp proteins in yeasts and in aspergillus nidulans. heterologous expression of the conserved internal hydrophilic domain of affks1p was achieved in escherichia coli. anti-fks1p antibodies ...	2001	11244067