Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| endemic, epidemic clone of salmonella enterica serovar typhi harboring a single multidrug-resistant plasmid in vietnam between 1995 and 2002. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, streptomycin, and cotrimoxazole, isolated from sporadic cases and minor outbreaks in vietnam between 1995 and 2002, were typed and compared. plasmid fingerprinting, vi bacteriophage typing, xbai pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and psti ribotyping showed that endemic, epidemic multidrug-resistant typhoid fever was due, for at least 74.1% of the isolates, to one or two clones of serovar typhi harbo ... | 2004 | 15243066 |
| extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (tem-52)-producing strains of salmonella enterica of various serotypes isolated in france. | from 2002 to 2003, four isolates of salmonella enterica serotypes typhimurium, enteritidis, blockley, and panama, isolated in france from patients with gastroenteritis, were found to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-52. the study showed the bla(tem-52) gene to be located in a tn3-like structure and carried by 100- or 32-kb conjugative plasmids. | 2004 | 15243117 |
| improved methods for producing outer membrane vesicles in gram-negative bacteria. | outer membrane vesicle formation occurs during gram-negative bacterial growth. however, natural production of large amounts of outer membrane vesicles has only been described in a few bacterial genera. the purified vesicles of some bacterial pathogens have shown potential applications in vaccinology and in antibiotic therapy. this study focused on the development of a gene expression system able to induce production of large amounts of outer membrane vesicles. the tol-pal system of escherichia c ... | 2004 | 15249060 |
| salmonella diversity associated with wild reptiles and amphibians in spain. | during the spring and summer of 2001, faeces from 166 wild reptiles (94 individuals) and amphibians (72 individuals) from 21 different species found in central spain were examined for the presence of salmonella. thirty-nine reptiles (41.5%) yielded 48 salmonella isolates, whereas all the amphibians examined were negative. subspecies salmonella enterica enterica (i) accounted for up to 50% of isolates. fourteen isolates (29.2%) belonged to subspecies diarizonae (iiib), six isolates (12.5%) to sub ... | 2004 | 15250889 |
| characterization of the salmonella typhimurium proteome by semi-automated two dimensional hplc-mass spectrometry: detection of proteins implicated in multiple antibiotic resistance. | the proteome of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium was characterized by 2-dimensional hplc mass spectrometry to provide a platform for subsequent proteomic investigations of low level multiple antibiotic resistance (mar). bacteria (2.15 +/- 0.23 x 10(10) cfu; mean +/- s.d.) were harvested from liquid culture and proteins differentially fractionated, on the basis of solubility, into preparations representative of the cytosol, cell envelope and outer membrane proteins (omps). these preparatio ... | 2004 | 15253442 |
| characterization and localization of drug resistance determinants in multidrug-resistant, integron-carrying salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium strains. | the genetic background of the antimicrobial resistance of 10 selected multiresistant salmonella serotype typhimurium (s. typhimurium) strains (including the emerging monophasic variant [4,5,12:i:- ]) was investigated. all strains shared class 1 integrons (with seven types of variable regions) and belonged to different lineages (l1-l6) according to their phage types, dna polymorphisms by xbai-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), integrons, and/or resistance patterns. the strains were screened ... | 2004 | 15256022 |
| reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and gyra gene mutation in north indian strains of salmonella enterica serotype typhi and serotype paratyphi a. | the emergence of reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin among salmonella enterica serotype typhi and serotype paratyphi a leading to clinical failure of treatment poses a great therapeutic challenge. the mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of s. typhi and s. paratyphi a is not very well documented. the present study was carried out with the objective of molecular characterization of reduced quinolone susceptibility amongst the strains of s. typhi and s. paratyphi a isol ... | 2004 | 15256030 |
| a global role for fis in the transcriptional control of metabolism and type iii secretion in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | fis is a key dna-binding protein involved in nucleoid organization and modulation of many dna transactions, including transcription in enteric bacteria. the regulon of genes whose expression is influenced by fis in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) has been defined by dna microarray analysis. these data suggest that fis plays a central role in coordinating the expression of both metabolic and type iii secretion factors. the genes that were most strongly up-regulated by fis ... | 2004 | 15256548 |
| structure-function relationships of ump kinases from pyrh mutants of gram-negative bacteria. | bacterial uridine monophosphate (ump) kinases are essential enzymes encoded by pyrh genes, and conditional-lethal or other pyrh mutants were analysed with respect to structure-function relationships. a set of thermosensitive pyrh mutants from escherichia coli was generated and studied, along with already described pyrh mutants from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. it is shown that arg-11 and gly-232 are key residues for thermodynamic stability of the enzyme, and that asp-201 is important ... | 2004 | 15256558 |
| the genes and enzymes for the catabolism of galactitol, d-tagatose, and related carbohydrates in klebsiella oxytoca m5a1 and other enteric bacteria display convergent evolution. | enteric bacteria (enteriobacteriaceae) carry on their single chromosome about 4000 genes that all strains have in common (referred to here as "obligatory genes"), and up to 1300 "facultative" genes that vary from strain to strain and from species to species. in closely related species, obligatory and facultative genes are orthologous genes that are found at similar loci. we have analyzed a set of facultative genes involved in the degradation of the carbohydrates galactitol, d-tagatose, d-galacto ... | 2004 | 15257457 |
| the structure of salmochelins: c-glucosylated enterobactins of salmonella enterica. | salmochelins represent novel carbohydrate containing catecholate siderophores, which are excreted by salmonella enterica and uropathogenic escherichia coli strains under low-iron stress. while previous analytical data showed salmochelins to contain 2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl-l-serine and glucose, the molecular structure remained elusive. structure elucidation with electrospray ionization-fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (esi-fticr-ms), gc-ms and 2d-nmr now revealed that salm ... | 2004 | 15259369 |
| enhanced surveillance for salmonella newport. | 2004 | 15262878 | |
| fibronectin binding to the salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium shda autotransporter protein is inhibited by a monoclonal antibody recognizing the a3 repeat. | shda is a large outer membrane protein of the autotransporter family whose passenger domain binds the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin and collagen i, possibly by mimicking the host ligand heparin. the shda passenger domain consists of approximately 1,500 amino acid residues that can be divided into two regions based on features of the primary amino acid sequence: an n-terminal nonrepeat region followed by a repeat region composed of two types of imperfect direct amino acid repeats, cal ... | 2004 | 15262930 |
| effect of the escherichia coli emo strain on experimental infection by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in gnotobiotic mice. | an experimental infection with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium was evaluated in gnotobiotic mice previously exposed to a plasmid-free non-pathogenic escherichia coli (emo strain). mice were exposed to emo (experimental) or not (control) 10 days before challenge with salmonella typhimurium (10(2) colony forming units (cfu)/mouse). survival after challenge was higher (p < 0.05) in the experimental group (16%) than in the control animals (0%). histopathological examination o ... | 2004 | 15264007 |
| fluorescence measurements of free [mg2+] by use of mag-fura 2 in salmonella enterica. | the mg2+ fluorescent dye mag-fura 2, entrapped in cells or organelles, has frequently been used for dual excitation ratio-metric determinations of free ionic mg2+ concentrations in eukaryotic, mostly mammalian cells. here we report its successful application to measure free mg2+ concentrations ([mg2+]i) in salmonella enterica cells. when kept in nominally mg2+ free buffer (resting conditions), the [mg2+]i of wild-type cells has been determined to be 0.9 mm. an increase in the external mg2+ conce ... | 2004 | 15268937 |
| effect of triclosan or a phenolic farm disinfectant on the selection of antibiotic-resistant salmonella enterica. | to determine the effect of growth of five strains of salmonella enterica and their isogenic multiply antibiotic-resistant (mar) derivatives with a phenolic farm disinfectant or triclosan (biocides) upon the frequency of mutation to resistance to antibiotics or cyclohexane. | 2004 | 15269199 |
| attachment of salmonella poona to cantaloupe rind and stem scar tissues as affected by temperature of fruit and inoculum. | a negative temperature differential between fruits or vegetables and the water in which they are immersed theoretically enhances infiltration of water and any microorganisms it might contain into tissues. the effect of temperature differentials between cantaloupes and wash water, each at 4 and 30 degrees c, on changes in cantaloupe weight and populations of salmonella enterica poona recovered from rinds and stem scar tissues of eastern and western (shipper) types of cantaloupes was assessed. the ... | 2004 | 15270486 |
| the association between cleaning and disinfection of lairage pens and the prevalence of salmonella enterica in swine at harvest. | a series of four field trials were conducted to evaluate the ability of a cleaning and disinfection procedure in swine lairage pens to reduce the prevalence of salmonella enterica in slaughtered pigs. a cleaning and disinfection procedure was applied to lairage pens at a large midwest abattoir. each trial consisted of a cleaned (alkaline chloride detergent) and disinfected (h2o2 plus peracetic acid sanitizer) pen (treated) and a control pen, each holding 90 to 95 pigs for 2 to 3 h before slaught ... | 2004 | 15270490 |
| prevalence of high-risk egg-preparation practices in restaurants that prepare breakfast egg entrées: an ehs-net study. | salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (se) is a common cause of foodborne illness in the united states. foods prepared with raw shell eggs have often been associated with se outbreaks. the federal government published the egg safety action plan in december 1999 that called for reduction of egg-preparation practices that may contribute to the survival and proliferation of se. in seven states, an interview and brief site evaluation of 153 restaurants that prepare eggs during all hours of operat ... | 2004 | 15270499 |
| acute infection of swine by various salmonella serovars. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of various serovars of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica to infect alimentary and nonalimentary tissues of swine within 3 h of inoculation. fourteen wild-type s. enterica serovars (4,12:imonophasic, 6,7 nonmotile, agona, brandenburg, bredeney, derby, heidelberg, infantis, muenchen, thompson, typhimurium, typhimurium variant copenhagen, untypeable, and worthington), two known virulent s. enterica serovars (choleraesuis strain sc-38 and typ ... | 2004 | 15270506 |
| effect of short-term lairage on the prevalence of salmonella enterica in cull sows. | this study was designed to compare salmonella enterica prevalence in sows held in a holding pen at the abattoir for approximately 2 h (hold sows) with sows slaughtered immediately after transport to the abattoir (no-hold sows). cull sows (n = 160) were sampled from four sampling periods over 8 weeks (february to march 2002) at the abattoir. sows originated from an integrated swine farm and were sent to a live-hog market and then to the slaughter facility. before testing, sows entered the abattoi ... | 2004 | 15270507 |
| unexpected detection of dna by nucleic acid sequence-based amplification technique. | nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) is a technique that has been previously shown to selectively mediate the detection of rna in microbial cells. in a series of tests, nucleic acids were extracted from salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and subjected to four enzymatic treatments prior to nasba. these enzymatic treatments were dnase, rnase, s1 nuclease, and rnase/s1 nuclease. the results obtained were different for the two bacte ... | 2004 | 15271385 |
| modulation and utilization of host cell phosphoinositides by salmonella spp. | 2004 | 15271887 | |
| mucosally delivered salmonella live vector vaccines elicit potent immune responses against a foreign antigen in neonatal mice born to naive and immune mothers. | the development of effective vaccines for neonates and very young infants has been impaired by their weak, short-lived, and th-2 biased responses and by maternal antibodies that interfere with vaccine take. we investigated the ability of salmonella enterica serovars typhi and typhimurium to mucosally deliver tetanus toxin fragment c (frag c) as a model antigen in neonatal mice. we hypothesize that salmonella, by stimulating innate immunity (contributing to adjuvant effects) and inducing th-1 cyt ... | 2004 | 15271924 |
| role of the two-component regulator cpxar in the virulence of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | the cpxar (cpx) two-component regulator controls the expression of genes in response to a variety of environmental cues. the cpx regulator has been implicated in the virulence of several gram-negative pathogens, although a role for cpx in vivo has not been demonstrated directly. here we investigate whether positive or negative control of gene expression by cpx is important for the pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. the cpx signal pathway in serotype typhimurium was disrupt ... | 2004 | 15271926 |
| dna-salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium primer-booster vaccination biases towards t helper 1 responses and enhances protection against leishmania major infection in mice. | successful resolution of infections by intracellular pathogens requires gamma interferon (ifn-gamma). dna vaccines promote t helper 1 (th1) responses by triggering interleukin-12 (il-12) release by dendritic cells (dc) through toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9). in humans tlr9 is restricted to plasmacytoid dc. here we show that dna-salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium primer-booster vaccination, which provides alternative ligands to bind tlr4 on myeloid dc, strongly biases towards th1 responses comp ... | 2004 | 15271962 |
| mutational analysis of thih, a member of the radical s-adenosylmethionine (adomet) protein superfamily. | thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp) is an essential cofactor for all forms of life. in salmonella enterica, the thih gene product is required for the synthesis of the 4-methyl-5-beta hydroxyethyl-thiazole monophosphate moiety of tpp. thih is a member of the radical s-adenosylmethionine (adomet) superfamily of proteins that is characterized by the presence of oxygen labile [fe-s] clusters. lack of an in vitro activity assay for thih has hampered the analysis of this interesting enzyme. we circumvented t ... | 2004 | 15271986 |
| isolated high-level ciprofloxacin resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype paratyphi a. | 2004 | 15272072 | |
| synergism of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim against salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates showing reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. | the activity of the combination of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim against 16 salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates from blood cultures were tested by agar dilution checkerboard technique. when used in combination, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim ranged from 0.5 to 1.25 and from 10 to 125 microg/ml, respectively, and fractional inhibitory concentrations (fics) from 0.025 to 0.125 and from 2.5 to 10 microg/ml, respectively. the fic index was 0.140-0. ... | 2004 | 15272228 |
| research note: molecular subtyping of salmonella enterica serovar tshiongwe recently isolated in malaysia during 2001-2002. | pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis were undertaken on twenty-three strains of salmonella enterica serovar tshiongwe, an unusual serovar, which recently emerged in malaysia. antimicrobial susceptibility analysis showed that all the strains were sensitive to ampicilin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, and kanamycin. twenty (87%) and 8 (3.5%) strains had resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin respectively. pfge analysis subtyped 23 strains into 10 ... | 2004 | 15272750 |
| multiple outbreaks of nosocomial salmonellosis in russia and belarus caused by a single clone of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. | thirty-four cefotaxime-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolates representative of the isolates that caused outbreaks of gastroenteritis in 10 hospitals in seven regions of russia and belarus from 1994 to 2003 were analyzed. all isolates produced the ctx-m-5-like extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, which confers high-level resistance to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone and decreased susceptibility to ceftazidime. the bla(ctx-m) genes were located on small (7.4- to 12-kb) non-self-transf ... | 2004 | 15273085 |
| dna sequence analysis of regions surrounding blacmy-2 from multiple salmonella plasmid backbones. | the emergence in the united states of resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g., ceftriaxone) within the salmonellae has been associated primarily with three large (>100-kb) plasmids (designated types a, b, and c) and one 10.1-kb plasmid (type d) that carry the blacmy-2 gene. in the present study, the distribution of these four known blacmy-2-carrying plasmids among 35 ceftriaxone-resistant salmonella isolates obtained from 1998 to 2001 was examined. twenty-three of these isolates were ... | 2004 | 15273090 |
| extended-spectrum-cephalosporin resistance in salmonella enterica isolates of animal origin. | a total of 112 out of 5,709 salmonella enterica isolates from domestic animal species exhibited decreased susceptibilities to ceftiofur and ceftriaxone, and each possessed the blacmy gene. ten salmonella serotypes were significantly more likely to include resistant isolates. isolates from turkeys, horses, cats, and dogs were significantly more likely to include resistant isolates. | 2004 | 15273145 |
| observations on salmonella contamination of eggs from infected commercial laying flocks where vaccination for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis had been used. | eggs were collected monthly from 12 cage-layer flocks on four farms where salmonella enteritidis was present in vaccinated flocks despite vaccination with an s. enteritidis bacterin. where possible, hens were also taken for culture at the end of the laying period, and faecal and environmental samples were taken from the laying houses before and after cleaning and disinfection. twenty-four batches of six egg shells from the 13 652 tested (0.18% [0.11 to 0.26 ci(95)] single egg equivalent) were po ... | 2004 | 15276979 |
| salmonella gallinarum gyra mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum) is the causative organism of fowl typhoid, and an outbreak of fowl typhoid in korea was confirmed in 1992. the aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in fluoroquinolone susceptibility among s. gallinarum isolates from 1995 to 2001, and to analyse mutations of the gyra gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. among 258 s. gallinarum isolates tested by the disk diffusion method, isolates from 1995 (n=18) were ... | 2004 | 15276996 |
| mesenteric adenitis caused by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | mesenteric adenitis is a self-limited condition characterized by fever, localized right lower quadrant abdominal pain, and frequent leukocytosis, making it difficult to differentiate from appendicitis. we report a case of mesenteric adenitis in an 8-year-old boy who presented at the emergency department with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever up to 40 degrees c. acute appendicitis was initially suspected, but further abdominal ultrasound and contrast enhanced computed tomog ... | 2004 | 15278192 |
| application of oligonucleotide array technology for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria of foodborne infections. | a rapid and accurate method for detection for common pathogenic bacteria in foodborne infections was established by using oligonucleotide array technology. nylon membrane was used as the array support. a mutation region of the 23s rrna gene was selected as the discrimination target from 14 species (genera) of bacteria causing foodborne infections and two unrelated bacterial species. a pair of universal primers was designed for pcr amplification of the 23s rrna gene. twenty-one species (genera)-s ... | 2004 | 15279944 |
| insertions of mini-tn10 transposon t-pop in salmonella enterica sv. typhi. | we have mutagenized a clinical strain of salmonella enterica sv. typhi with mini-transposon tn10dtet (t-pop) to obtain conditional lethal (tetracycline-dependent) mutants with t-pop insertions upstream of essential genes. generalized transducing phage p22 was used to introduce t-pop from a s. typhimurium donor into a s. typhi recipient. chromosomal dna was purified from the mutagenized donor strains, fragmented, and then electroporated into s. typhi to backcross the original t-pop insertions. fo ... | 2004 | 15280224 |
| population structure of salmonella investigated by amplified fragment length polymorphism. | this study was undertaken to investigate the usefulness of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) in determining the population structure of salmonella. | 2004 | 15281937 |
| effect of sunlight on the survival of salmonella on surfaces. | to investigate the effect of simulated full-spectrum tropical sunlight on the survival of salmonella in droplets on surfaces. | 2004 | 15281943 |
| antimicrobial activity of reuterin in combination with nisin against food-borne pathogens. | antimicrobial activity of reuterin individually or in combination with nisin against different food-borne gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens in milk was investigated. reuterin (8 au/ml) exhibited bacteriostatic activity against listeria monocytogenes, whereas its activity was slightly bactericidal against staphylococcus aureus at 37 degrees c. higher bactericidal activity was detected against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis, yersinia enterocolitica, a ... | 2004 | 15282134 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonization of the crop in the domestic turkey: influence of probiotic and prebiotic treatment (lactobacillus acidophilus and lactose). | acute colonization of the crop of the domestic turkey by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (st) was examined. the influences of preharvest probiotic and prebiotic treatment with lactobaccilli and lactose on crop colonization with st were also investigated. prior to salmonella challenge, poults received 2.5% lactose and lactobacillus acidophilus (1.9 x 10(9) organisms/liter) in the only source of drinking water from 1 day old to termination. at 3-wk-old, turkey poults were challenged with s ... | 2004 | 15283415 |
| chemotaxis-guided movements in bacteria. | motile bacteria often use sophisticated chemotaxis signaling systems to direct their movements. in general, bacterial chemotactic signal transduction pathways have three basic elements: (1) signal reception by bacterial chemoreceptors located on the membrane; (2) signal transduction to relay the signals from membrane receptors to the motor; and (3) signal adaptation to desensitize the initial signal input. the chemotaxis proteins involved in these signal transduction pathways have been identifie ... | 2004 | 15284186 |
| salmonella enterica subsp houtenae serogroup o:16 in a hiv positive patient: case report. | we described a case of salmonellosis in a 33-year old hiv-infected patient. the patient presented oral and esophageal candidiasis, intense epigastric and retrosternal pain. during the physical examination he was hypochloraemic, acyanotic, hypohydrated, anicteric and afebrile. admittance laboratory tests indicated: red cells 3.6 millions/mm(3); hemoglobin, 10.1 g/dl; leukocyte count, 3,000/mm(3), with 1% of eosinophils, 14% of non-segmented and 53% of segmented neutrophils and 31% of lymphocytes. ... | 2004 | 15286823 |
| the o-antigen of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis pt4: a significant factor in gastrointestinal colonisation of young but not newly hatched chicks. | the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella and other gram negative pathogenic species has been implicated as a major virulence determinant and in this study we report the role of lps of s. enteritidis in the colonisation and persistent gastrointestinal infection of young poultry. the gene encoding the unique o-antigen ligase, waal, was mutated by insertional inactivation in a well characterised s. enteritidis strain, s1400/94. the waal mutant, designated pcp, produced rough colonies on agar medium, di ... | 2004 | 15288929 |
| differences in enzymatic properties allow sodci but not sodcii to contribute to virulence in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain 14028. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium produces two cu/zn cofactored periplasmic superoxide dismutases, sodci and sodcii. while mutations in sodci attenuate virulence eightfold, loss of sodcii does not confer a virulence phenotype, nor does it enhance the defect observed in a sodci background. despite this in vivo phenotype, sodci and sodcii are expressed at similar levels in vitro during the stationary phase of growth. by exchanging the open reading frames of sodci and sodcii, we found that so ... | 2004 | 15292124 |
| the omptin family of enterobacterial surface proteases/adhesins: from housekeeping in escherichia coli to systemic spread of yersinia pestis. | the omptins are a family of enterobacterial surface proteases/adhesins that share high sequence identity and a conserved beta-barrel fold in the outer membrane. the omptins are multifunctional, and the individual omptins exhibit differing virulence-associated functions. the pla plasminogen activator of yersinia pestis contributes by several mechanisms to bacterial invasiveness and the systemic, uncontrolled proteolysis in plague. pla proteolytically activates the human proenzyme plasminogen and ... | 2004 | 15293449 |
| st64b is a defective bacteriophage in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt64 that encodes a functional immunity region capable of mediating phage-type conversion. | the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) defective bacteriophage st64b has a putative immunity (immc) region consisting of ci, cro and cii-like genes. since st64b is widespread in s. typhimurium, studies were undertaken to determine whether this region might be functional and influence phage typing results. cloning of st64b immc-like genes and their subsequent expression in s. typhimurium dts showed that this region is able to mediate phage-type conversion in ... | 2004 | 15293455 |
| rapid detection of salmonella by polymerase chain reaction. | salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) was sequenced from salmonella enterica serotypes: typhimurium, typhi, paratyphi a and b. the sequences from all the four serotypes showed complete homology with the already reported stn gene sequence of the serotype typhimurium. as a tool for detection of this organism, four pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify different fragments of this important pathological marker. the protocols were standardized with serotype typhimurium in such a way s ... | 2004 | 15294322 |
| treatment of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with a sublethal concentration of trisodium phosphate or alkaline ph induces thermotolerance. | the responses of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis to a sublethal dose of trisodium phosphate (tsp) and its equivalent alkaline ph made with naoh were examined. pretreatment of s. enterica serovar enteritidis cells with 1.5% tsp or ph 10.0 solutions resulted in a significant increase in thermotolerance, resistance to 2.5% tsp, resistance to high ph, and sensitivity to acid and h(2)o(2). protein inhibition studies with chloramphenicol revealed that thermotolerance, unlike resistance to high ... | 2004 | 15294793 |
| protein folding failure sets high-temperature limit on growth of phage p22 in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the high-temperature limit for growth of microorganisms differs greatly depending on their species and habitat. the importance of an organism's ability to manage thermal stress is reflected in the ubiquitous distribution of the heat shock chaperones. although many chaperones function to reduce protein folding defects, it has been difficult to identify the specific protein folding pathways that set the high-temperature limit of growth for a given microorganism. we have investigated this for a sim ... | 2004 | 15294822 |
| phenotypic and genotypic changes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium during passage in intestines of broiler chickens fed on diets that included ionophore anticoccidial supplements. | the effect of continuous in-feed administration of anticoccidial agents on antimicrobial sensitivity and the level of bacterial shedding in poultry experimentally infected with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104) were investigated. on day 0, 1,200 1-day-old salmonella-free broiler chicks were placed into 50 pens, and the pens were randomly allocated to one of five treatments: nonsupplemented (negative control; t1), monensin at 120 mg/kg of diet (t ... | 2004 | 15297474 |
| towards the development of a dna-sequence based approach to serotyping of salmonella enterica. | the flic and fljb genes in salmonella code for the phase 1 (h1) and phase 2 (h2) flagellin respectively, the rfb cluster encodes the majority of enzymes for polysaccharide (o) antigen biosynthesis, together they determine the antigenic profile by which salmonella are identified. sequencing and characterisation of flic was performed in the development of a molecular serotyping technique. | 2004 | 15298703 |
| presence of sope gene & its phenotypic expression among different serovars of salmonella isolated from man & animals. | salmonellae cause a spectrum of diseases in man and animals but their virulence factors responsible for induction of gastroenteritis and/or systematic infection are still poorly understood. also, the different subspecies and serovars of salmonella differ considerably in their virulence for man and animals. there is increasing evidence that salmonella possesses a dedicated protein secretion system denoted type iii secretion system (ttss) that is involved in the early stage of salmonella infection ... | 2004 | 15299230 |
| ggdef and eal domains inversely regulate cyclic di-gmp levels and transition from sessility to motility. | cyclic nucleotides represent second messenger molecules in all kingdoms of life. in bacteria, mass sequencing of genomes detected the highly abundant protein domains ggdef and eal. we show here that the ggdef and eal domains are involved in the turnover of cyclic-di-gmp (c-di-gmp) in vivo whereby the ggdef domain stimulates c-di-gmp production and the eal domain c-di-gmp degradation. thus, most probably, ggdef domains function as c-di-gmp cyclase and eal domains as phosphdiesterase. we further s ... | 2004 | 15306016 |
| typhoid fever in travelers: who should be targeted for prevention? | to clarify indications for typhoid vaccination, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed cases of typhoid fever reported to the united states centers for disease control and prevention between 1994 and 1999. to estimate the risk of adverse events associated with typhoid vaccination, we reviewed reports to the vaccine adverse event reporting system for the same period. acute salmonella enterica serotype typhi infection was reported for 1393 patients. of these patients, recent travel was reported by 1027 ... | 2004 | 15307027 |
| expression of heterologous antigens in salmonella typhimurium vaccine vectors using the in vivo-inducible, spi-2 promoter, ssag. | dna derived from regions upstream of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ssag gene were used to drive expression of different reporter genes in putative salmonella vaccine strains. expression from ssag was shown to be significantly upregulated once salmonella had entered murine or human macrophages, and levels of expression were dependent on the length of the ssag 5' sequence incorporated. s. typhimurium derivatives harbouring the escherichia coli heat labile toxin b subunit (lt-b) fused ... | 2004 | 15308346 |
| comment on: effect of a 5 day enrofloxacin treatment on salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt104 in the pig. | 2004 | 15308603 | |
| an outbreak due to peanuts in their shell caused by salmonella enterica serotypes stanley and newport--sharing molecular information to solve international outbreaks. | salmonellosis is a global problem caused by the international movement of foods and high incidence in exporting countries. in september 2001, in an outbreak investigation australia isolated salmonella stanley from imported peanuts, which resulted in a wider investigation in canada, england & wales and scotland. patients infected with salmonella serotypes known to be isolated from peanuts and reported to surveillance systems were interviewed to determine exposure histories. tagged image file form ... | 2004 | 15310157 |
| protective efficacy of iga monoclonal antibodies to o and h antigens in a mouse model of intranasal challenge with salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. | protective properties of immunoglobulin a (iga) monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against o and h antigens of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (s. enteritidis) were evaluated in a model of generalized infection after intranasal (i.n.) inoculation of balb/c mice. passive i.n. instillation of antibodies 1 h before i.n. challenge did not prevent infection, and mice developed rapid inflammatory response in the lower respiratory tract. the passive systemic immunization was partially prote ... | 2004 | 15310466 |
| characterization of salmonella pathogenicity island 1 type iii secretion-dependent hemolytic activity in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | a number of bacteria that are pathogenic for animals and plants possess a type iii secretion system (ttss) to translocate virulence-associated proteins into host cells. in several bacteria, it has been reported that the ttss is correlated with an ability to cause contact-dependent hemolysis in vitro. here, we showed that the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain sl1344 exhibited salmonella pathogenicity island 1 type iii secretion-dependent, contact-mediated, hemolytic activity. mutatio ... | 2004 | 15312846 |
| transcriptional analysis of the acid-inducible asr gene in enterobacteria. | we show here that transcription of the asr gene in escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae is strongly dependent on the acidification level of the growth medium, with maximal induction at ph 4.0-4.5 as determined by northern hybridization analysis. previous gene array analyses have also shown that asr is the most acid-induced gene in the e. coli genome. sequence alignment of the asr promoters from different enterobacterial species ... | 2004 | 15313253 |
| identification of a new salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis locus involved in cell invasion and in the colonisation of chicks. | poultry products contaminated with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis are a major cause of foodborne disease in industrialized countries. knowledge of how poultry is colonised is essential for reducing contamination of these products. we have characterized the bacterial yfg-eng locus involved in chicken colonisation. its sequencing revealed four open reading frames (orf), yfgm, yfgl, enga and yfgj, all transcribed in the same orientation. an yfgl mutant of s. enteritidis colonised the caeca ... | 2004 | 15313254 |
| validation of a pcr for diagnosis of typhoid fever and salmonellosis by amplification of the hila gene in clinical samples from colombian patients. | validation of a pcr test to detect hila gene sequences of salmonella spp. was performed in blood and faeces samples from typhoid fever and salmonellosis patients. sensitivity (s), specificity (sp), positive predictive value (ppv) and negative predictive value (npv) of the pcr in blood samples were performed by testing: 37 patients with clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever, 34 of them confirmed by isolation of s. typhi from blood cultures; 35 patients infected with other pathogens corroborated by ... | 2004 | 15314194 |
| recombinant salmonella enterica serovar typhi in a prime-boost strategy. | this study investigated the utility of attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain cvd 908-htra (908 h) in a heterologous prime-boost strategy. mice primed intranasally (i.n.) with 908 h expressing fragment c (frag c) of tetanus toxin and boosted intramuscularly (i.m.) with tetanus toxoid (tt) mounted enhanced and accelerated serum igg anti-frag c responses in comparison to unprimed, vector-primed and homologously-primed and boosted mice. serum antitoxin responses were also determined; m ... | 2004 | 15315855 |
| mucosal immunization with purified flagellin from salmonella induces systemic and mucosal immune responses in c3h/hej mice. | this study investigated the immune response elicited in c3h/hej mice after oral, parenteral and nasal immunization with purified flagellin from salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis alone or conjugated to starch microparticles as adjuvant or together with the uptake-enhancer recombinant cholera toxin b-subunit (rctb). systemic (igm-igg, iga, igg2a, igg2b, igg1) and local (s-iga) humoral immune responses in the mice were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). primed splenocy ... | 2004 | 15315861 |
| acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase (amp forming). | acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase (amp forming; acs) is an enzyme whose activity is central to the metabolism of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. the physiological role of this enzyme is to activate acetate to acetyl-coenzyme a (ac-coa). the importance of acs has been recognized for decades, since it provides the cell the two-carbon metabolite used in many anabolic and energy generation processes. in the last decade researchers have learned how carefully the cell monitors the synthesis and activity ... | 2004 | 15316652 |
| the eutt gene of salmonella enterica encodes an oxygen-labile, metal-containing atp:corrinoid adenosyltransferase enzyme. | the eutt gene of salmonella enterica was cloned and overexpressed, and the function of its product was established in vivo and in vitro. the eutt protein has an oxygen-labile, metal-containing atp:co(i)rrinoid adenosyltransferase activity associated with it. functional redundancy between eutt and the housekeeping atp:co(i)rrinoid adenosyltransferase coba enzyme was demonstrated through phenotypic analyses of mutant strains. lack of coba and eutt blocked ethanolamine utilization. eutt was necessa ... | 2004 | 15317775 |
| characterization of salmonella enterica subspecies i genovars by use of microarrays. | subspecies 1 of salmonella enterica is responsible for almost all salmonella infections of warm-blooded animals. within subspecies 1 there are over 2,300 known serovars that differ in their prevalence and the diseases that they cause in different hosts. only a few of these serovars are responsible for most salmonella infections in humans and domestic animals. the gene contents of 79 strains from the most prevalent serovars were profiled by microarray analysis. strains within the same serovar oft ... | 2004 | 15317794 |
| cooperative interactions between flagellin and sope2 in the epithelial interleukin-8 response to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection. | flagellin is an important stimulus for epithelial interleukin-8 (il-8) secretion because of its ability to activate toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5). sope2, a salmonella guanine nucleotide exchange factor (gef), is also involved in intestinal inflammation. to clarify the proinflammatory mechanisms of these proteins, we examined their effects on il-8 secretion and intracellular signaling in t84 epithelial cells. a salmonella strain lacking sope2 (and its homolog sope) induced lower levels of il-8 than ... | 2004 | 15321998 |
| major histocompatibility complex class i peptide presentation after salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection assessed via stable isotope tagging of the b27-presented peptide repertoire. | reactive arthritis (rea) induced by infection with several gram-negative bacteria is strongly associated with expression of the major histocompatibility complex class i molecule hla-b27. it is thought that due to the intracellular lifestyle of rea-inducing bacteria, bacterial fragments can be presented by hla-b27. cytotoxic t cells recognizing such bacterial peptides or other induced host peptides could cross-react with self peptides presented in the joints, giving rise to disease. studies to an ... | 2004 | 15322003 |
| ssek1 and ssek2 are novel translocated proteins of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica is a gram-negative, facultative intracellular pathogen that causes disease symptoms ranging from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever. a key virulence strategy is the translocation of bacterial effector proteins into the host cell, mediated by the type iii secretion systems (ttsss) encoded in salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi-1) and spi-2. in s. enterica serovar typhimurium lt2, we identified the protein products of stm4157 and stm2137 as novel candidate secreted proteins by ... | 2004 | 15322005 |
| a salmonella fim homologue in citrobacter freundii mediates invasion in vitro and crossing of the blood-brain barrier in the rat pup model. | from the invasive citrobacter freundii strain 3009, an invasion determinant was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. sequence analysis of the determinant showed high homology with the fim determinant from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the genes of the invasion determinant directed invasion of recombinant escherichia coli k-12 strains into human epithelial cell lines of the bladder and gut as well as mannose-sensitive yeast agglutination and were termed fim(cf) genes. expression of the fi ... | 2004 | 15322026 |
| live lactobacillus reuteri is essential for the inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced interleukin-8 expression. | the mechanism of the apparent anti-inflammatory action of probiotic organisms is unclear. lactobacillus reuteri is effective in inhibiting colitis in interleukin-10 (il-10)-deficient mice. nerve growth factor (ngf), in addition to its activity on neuronal cell growth, has significant anti-inflammatory effects in several experimental systems in vitro and in vivo, including a model of colitis. our experiments were designed to explore the mechanism of effect of l. reuteri in the human epithelial ce ... | 2004 | 15322027 |
| host response to a dam mutant of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with a temperature-sensitive phenotype. | the temperature-sensitive dam mutant strain of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis sd1 is highly attenuated and induces innate and protective immunity in mice. sd1 activates nf-kappab and induces gamma interferon secretion. early interaction of the sd1 mutant with intestinal epithelial cells was associated with ruffling of enterocytes. invading bacteria were found inside peyer's patches after inoculation. | 2004 | 15322053 |
| the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium divalent cation transport systems mnth and sitabcd are essential for virulence in an nramp1g169 murine typhoid model. | nramp1 is a transporter that pumps divalent cations from the vacuoles of phagocytic cells and is associated with the innate resistance of mice to diverse intracellular pathogens. we demonstrate that sita and mnth, genes encoding high-affinity metal ion uptake systems in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, are upregulated when salmonella is internalized by nramp1-expressing macrophages and play an essential role in systemic infection of congenic nramp1-expressing mice. | 2004 | 15322058 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella paratyphi b dt+, canada. | we document an increase in the number of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b dt+ identified in canada. most of these strains harbor salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1). further studies are needed to determine factors contributing to the observed emergence of this multidrug-resistant strain. | 2004 | 15324556 |
| scattergram analysis to explore the emerging problem related to in vitro susceptibility test for salmonella enterica serovar typhi to ciprofloxacin. | ciprofloxacin susceptibility using a disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) value determination for 421 s. typhi isolates showed comparable results for 296 (70%) isolates with an mic </=0.075 mg/l. however, of the remaining 125 strains that had mic >/=0.1 mg/l, signifying resistance, 123 (98.4%) showed discrepant results with the disk diffusion test (66 sensitive, 57 intermediately sensitive). this raises questions about national committee for clinical laboratory standa ... | 2004 | 15325437 |
| mutations in the gyra gene in salmonella enterica clinical isolates with decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. | the incidence of resistance to nalidixic acid has increased in the university general hospital of elche, spain, and this paper describes the investigation of this phenomenon. this increase was mainly due to an increase of nalidixic-resistant salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. resistance to nalidixic acid is an indicator of decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (sensitivity 100%, specificity 96.7%). strains that were resistant to nalidixic acid and exhibited decreased susceptibility to ci ... | 2004 | 15325438 |
| cloning of porcine triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (trem-1) and its induction by lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection. | triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (trem) are a family of activating receptors expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. these receptors are involved in regulation of immunity by inducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, augmenting dendritic cell maturation, and are implicated in septic shock. here we report the cloning of full-length trem cdna from porcine bone marrow cells, which predicts a 238 amino-acid peptide. treating porcine bone marrow cells wi ... | 2005 | 15325519 |
| destruction of mycobacterium paratuberculosis, salmonella spp., and mycoplasma spp. in raw milk by a commercial on-farm high-temperature, short-time pasteurizer. | the 2002 nahm's dairy survey indicated that 87.2% of dairy farms in the united states feed waste milk to their neonatal calves. although cost-effective, this practice can lead to increased calf morbidity and mortality due to ingestion of pathogenic agents. in an effort to reduce the risk of infection, dairy producers are implementing on-farm pasteurization of the waste milk as a control procedure before feeding the milk to calves. in the present study, the efficacy of a commercial high-temperatu ... | 2004 | 15328232 |
| integral membrane protein p16 of bacteriophage prd1 stabilizes the adsorption vertex structure. | the icosahedral membrane-containing double-stranded dna bacteriophage prd1 has a labile receptor binding spike complex at the vertices. this complex, which is analogous to that of adenovirus, is formed of the penton protein p31, the spike protein p5, and the receptor binding protein p2. upon infection, the internal phage membrane transforms into a tubular structure that protrudes through a vertex and penetrates the cell envelope for dna injection. we describe here a new class of prd1 mutants lac ... | 2004 | 15331712 |
| elasticity of flagellar hooks. | 2004 | 15332658 | |
| molecular characterization of beta-lactam resistance of salmonella isolates from pediatric patients in romania. | the molecular characterization of 16 clinical isolates of salmonella enterica (14 serotype typhimurium and 2 serotype kingston) obtained between january and june 1999 from feces of children hospitalized in iasi, romania were genotypically compared by pulse field gel electrophoresis of xbai restricted bacterial dna. the majority of the clinical isolates (12/16) belonged to cluster a and (4/16) to unrelated strains, correlating to the omp profile. two major different patterns of beta-lactamases we ... | 2004 | 15332707 |
| identification of nucleotides critical for activity of the sigmae-dependent rpoep3 promoter in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | we previously described a two-plasmid system for the identification of promoters recognized by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) sigmae. the s. typhimurium sigmae-dependent rpoep3 promoter was active in the e. coli two-plasmid system only after arabinose-induced expression of s. typhimurium rpoe. in the present study, we have exploited this two-plasmid system for the identification of nucleotides critical for activity of the rpoep3 promoter. a library of randomly mutated d ... | 2004 | 15336426 |
| role of an acrr mutation in multidrug resistance of in vitro-selected fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | quinolone resistance in salmonella spp. is usually attributed to both active efflux and mutations leading to modification of the target enzymes dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv. here, we investigated the presence of mutations in the efflux regulatory genes of fluoroquinolone- and multidrug-resistant mutants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) selected in vitro with enrofloxacin that both carried a mutation in the target gene gyra and overproduced the acrab efflux pump. no ... | 2004 | 15336432 |
| integrons in salmonella keurmassar, senegal. | 2004 | 15338548 | |
| [purulent pericarditis with pericardial tamponade caused by streptococcus agalactiae and salmonella enterica no typhi]. | purulent pericarditis (pp) is an uncommon condition with high mortality. in the preantibiotic period, staphyloccocus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae were the most common etiologic agents. we describe the case of a 75-year old man with septic shock, pp and cardiac tamponade caused by streptococcus agalactiae and salmonella enterica no-typhi. to our knowledge this association of pathogenic organisms has not been previously reported in the literature. the pathogenesis is here reviewed, and in o ... | 2004 | 15338978 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression of groel-like protein gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important enteropathogen in regions where much seafood is consumed. substantial quantity of groel-like protein is produced during the heat shock of v. parahaemolyticus and located in periplasmic and extracellular fractions. in this study, the groel-like protein gene of this pathogen was cloned and sequenced and its properties were analyzed. the open reading frame consisted of 1647 bp, encoded a 57.6-kda groel-like protein of 548 amino acids. the amino acid sequence, ... | 2004 | 15340646 |
| enhancement of endotoxin neutralization by coupling of a c12-alkyl chain to a lactoferricin-derived peptide. | antibacterial peptide acylation, which mimics the structure of the natural lipopeptide polymyxin b, increases antimicrobial and endotoxin-neutralizing activities. the interaction of the lactoferricin-derived peptide lf11 and its n-terminally acylated analogue, lauryl-lf11, with different chemotypes of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps re, ra and smooth s form) was investigated by biophysical means and was related to the peptides' biological activities. both peptides exhibit high antibacterial ac ... | 2005 | 15344905 |
| cell density-dependent gene contributes to efficient seed colonization by pseudomonas putida kt2440. | we have characterized the expression pattern of a gene, ddca, involved in initial colonization of corn seeds by pseudomonas putida kt2440. the ddca gene codes for a putative membrane polypeptide belonging to a family of conserved proteins of unknown function. members of this family are widespread among prokaryotes and include the products of a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium gene expressed during invasion of macrophages and psie, an escherichia coli phosphate starvation-inducible gene. a ... | 2004 | 15345399 |
| phenotypic and molecular typing of salmonella strains reveals different contamination sources in two commercial pig slaughterhouses. | this study aimed to define the origin of salmonella contamination on swine carcasses and the distribution of salmonella serotypes in two commercial slaughterhouses during normal activity. salmonellae were isolated from carcasses, from colons and mesenteric lymph nodes of individual pigs, and from the slaughterhouse environment. all strains were serotyped; salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and salmonella enterica serotype derby isolates were additionally typed beyond the serotype level by ... | 2004 | 15345414 |
| phages and the evolution of bacterial pathogens: from genomic rearrangements to lysogenic conversion. | comparative genomics demonstrated that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving. this process is most evident for bacterial pathogens where the majority contain prophages or phage remnants integrated into the bacterial dna. many prophages from bacterial pathogens encode virulence factors. two situations can be distinguished: vibrio cholerae, shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, corynebacterium diphtheriae, and clostridium botulinum depend on a specific p ... | 2004 | 15353570 |
| antibacterial effect of crude water-soluble arrowroot (puerariae radix) tea extracts on food-borne pathogens in liquid medium. | to evaluate the effect of crude water-soluble arrowroot tea extracts on microbial growth of food-borne pathogens in liquid medium and to confirm the damage to bacterial cells using transmission electronic microscopy (tem). | 2004 | 15355532 |
| salmonella escape from antigen presentation can be overcome by targeting bacteria to fc gamma receptors on dendritic cells. | dendritic cells (dcs) are professional apcs with the unique ability to activate naive t cells, which is required for initiation of the adaptive immune response against pathogens. therefore, interfering with dc function would be advantageous for pathogen survival and dissemination. in this study we provide evidence suggesting that salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, the causative agent of typhoid disease in the mouse, interferes with dc function. our results indicate that by avoiding lysosom ... | 2004 | 15356155 |
| antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid salmonella serotypes: a global challenge. | increasing antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid salmonella species has been a serious problem for public health worldwide. the high rate of resistance is hampering the use of conventional antibiotics, and growing resistance to newer antimicrobial agents is aggravating the situation. the circumstances of occurrence and spread of antimicrobial resistance are complex; however, a major cause is the widespread use of antimicrobial agents in food animals, particularly in animal feed. genetic analysi ... | 2004 | 15356819 |
| genomic relationship of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 isolates from korea and the united states. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 (salmonella typhimurium dt104 or dt104) has been emerging as a common pathogen for human in korea since 1997. in order to compare the genomic relationship and to search for the dominant strains in korea, we conducted pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and is200 fingerprinting of 25 epidemiological unrelated isolates from human and animals from korea and cattle from america. two salmonella typhimurium dt104 isolates from human in korea and all 8 ... | 2004 | 15357286 |
| characterization of the second long polar (lp) fimbriae of escherichia coli o157:h7 and distribution of lp fimbriae in other pathogenic e. coli strains. | a second region containing five genes homologous to the long polar fimbrial operon of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is located in the chromosome of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7. a non-fimbriated e. coli k-12 strain carrying the cloned ehec lpf (lpf2) genes expressed thin fibrillae-like structures on its surface and displayed reduced adherence to tissue culture cells. neither mutation in the lpfa2 gene in either the parent or lpfa1 mutant strains showed an effect in ... | 2004 | 15358418 |
| characterization of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ctx-m-15)-producing strains of salmonella enterica isolated in france and senegal. | three clinical isolates of salmonella enterica recovered between 2000 and 2003 in france and senegal were found to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ctx-m-15. the two isolates from senegal were recovered from stool of a hospitalized patient with gastroenteritis in 2000 and from an urine specimen of an out-patient with urinary tract infection in 2001. these s. enterica isolates belonged to serotype kentucky and were clonally related as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and aut ... | 2004 | 15358420 |
| early interactions of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with human small intestinal epithelial explants. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s typhimurium) causes invasive gastroenteritis in humans, a disease involving significant penetration of the intestinal mucosa. however, few studies have been undertaken to investigate this interaction directly using differentiated human gut tissue. | 2004 | 15361488 |