Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| viral agents responsible for febrile respiratory illnesses among military recruits training in tropical singapore. | military personnel are highly susceptible to febrile respiratory illnesses (fri), likely due to crowding, stress and other risk factors present in the military environment. | 2010 | 20079688 |
| antiviral drug profile of seasonal influenza viruses circulating in portugal from 2004/2005 to 2008/2009 winter seasons. | a research project on antiviral drug resistance of influenza viruses circulating in portugal has been carried out since 2007. here, the first results obtained regarding the evaluation of susceptibility to amantadine and oseltamivir are presented. information about antiviral prescription and exposure was available through the national influenza surveillance programme. amantadine susceptibility was evaluated by pyrosequencing for known resistance markers on 178 influenza a strains from 2004/2005 t ... | 2010 | 20083142 |
| [evaluation on the safety and immunogenicity of split influenza virus vaccine]. | to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of split influenza virus vaccine made in changchun institute of biological products. | 2009 | 20084888 |
| [analysis on surveillance of influenza in tianshui prefecture from 2005 to 2008]. | to observe epidemic status and the types of the influenza virus, to analyse influenza epidemic trends in tianshui city, and to provide basis for influenza prevention and control. | 2009 | 20084889 |
| a new panel of ns1 antibodies for easy detection and titration of influenza a virus. | the non-structural protein ns1 of the influenza a virus is a good target for the development of diagnostic assays. in this study, three ns1 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated by using recombinant ns1 protein of h5n1 virus and found to bind both the native and denatured forms of ns1. two of the mabs, 6a4 and 2h6, bind ns1 of three different strains of influenza a virus, namely h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1. epitope mapping revealed that residues 42-53 of h5n1 ns1 are essential for the interaction ... | 2010 | 20087939 |
| influenza virus inactivation for studies of antigenicity and phenotypic neuraminidase inhibitor resistance profiling. | introduction of a new influenza virus in humans urges quick analysis of its virological and immunological characteristics to determine the impact on public health and to develop protective measures for the human population. at present, however, the necessity of executing pandemic influenza virus research under biosafety level 3 (bsl-3) high-containment conditions severely hampers timely characterization of such viruses. we tested heat, formalin, triton x-100, and beta-propiolactone treatments fo ... | 2010 | 20089763 |
| conservation and diversity of influenza a h1n1 hla-restricted t cell epitope candidates for epitope-based vaccines. | the immune-related evolution of influenza viruses is exceedingly complex and current vaccines against influenza must be reformulated for each influenza season because of the high degree of antigenic drift among circulating influenza strains. delay in vaccine production is a serious problem in responding to a pandemic situation, such as that of the current h1n1 strain. immune escape is generally attributed to reduced antibody recognition of the viral hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins whose ... | 2010 | 20090904 |
| anti-influenza drug discovery: structure-activity relationship and mechanistic insight into novel angelicin derivatives. | by using a cell-based high throughput screening campaign, a novel angelicin derivative 6a was identified to inhibit influenza a (h1n1) virus induced cytopathic effect in madin-darby canine kidney cell culture in low micromolar range. detailed structure-activity relationship studies of 6a revealed that the angelicin scaffold is essential for activity in pharmacophore b, while meta-substituted phenyl/2-thiophene rings are optimal in pharmacophore a and c. the optimized lead 4-methyl-9-phenyl-8-(th ... | 2010 | 20092255 |
| generation and characterization of a cold-adapted attenuated live h3n2 subtype influenza virus vaccine candidate. | h3n2 subtype influenza a viruses have been identified in humans worldwide, raising concerns about their pandemic potential and prompting the development of candidate vaccines to protect humans against this subtype of influenza a virus. the aim of this study was to establish a system for rescuing of a cold-adapted high-yielding h3n2 subtype human influenza virus by reverse genetics. | 2009 | 20092795 |
| detection of anti-influenza a nucleoprotein antibodies in pigs using a commercial influenza epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed for avian species. | influenza virus causes acute respiratory disease in pigs and is of concern for its potential public health significance. many subtypes of influenza virus have been isolated from pigs, and the virus continues to evolve in swine populations. current antibody assays have limited antigenic recognition, and accurate, broad-spectrum, high through-put screening tests are needed to detect infections in swine herds and to aid in the implementation of control measures. in the current study, a commercial b ... | 2010 | 20093676 |
| synthesis and anti-influenza virus activity of dihydrofuran-fused perhydrophenanthrenes with a benzyloxy-type side-chain. | as one of our ongoing research project concerning development of a novel anti-influenza virus agent, dihydrofuran-fused perhydrophenanthrenes were derivatized by means of williamson ether synthesis and suzuki-miyaura cross coupling reactions. newly synthesized compounds were subjected to evaluation of anti-influenza virus activity using influenza a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2 subtype) virus strain by a plaque titration method. these investigations revealed that incorporation of benzyl-type ether substituen ... | 2010 | 20097080 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of human influenza a viruses in three consecutive seasons with different epidemiological profiles. | influenza activity and influenza virus circulation were observed in lombardy (northern italy) during three consecutive seasons and the molecular characteristics of circulating viruses analysed to control for introduction of new variants. | 2009 | 20099442 |
| [etiology monitoring of influenza virus and variation in hemagglutinin genes of h13 subtype in wuxi area]. | to monitor the seasonal distribution of influenza types and subtypes in wuxi area during 2005-2008, and to investigate the variation in hemagglutinin (ha) genes of a/h3n2 strains in 2008. | 2009 | 20104768 |
| [an analysis on genetic characterization of ha1 gene of influenza virus subtype h3n2 circulated from 2001 to 2006 in liaoning local area]. | to understand the ha1 genetic variation characterization of influenza virus subtype h3n2 circulated from 2001 to 2006 in liaoning local area. | 2009 | 20104769 |
| influenza surveillance in a cohort of hiv-infected children and adolescents immunized against seasonal influenza. | during the 2006-2007 season, 19 hiv-uninfected and 33 hiv-infected children and adolescents with full immunovirologic response to haart were immunized against influenza and subsequently followed up. one month post-immunization all subjects had protective antibodies titres which persisted for the whole influenza season. seven vaccinees (four hiv-infected and three hiv-uninfected) were found to be infected by influenza viruses during the epidemic, but disease was lab-confirmed only in two hiv-infe ... | 2010 | 20105427 |
| serological response to influenza vaccine after hematopoetic stem cell transplantation. | vaccination is the best strategy to prevent influenza infection that is a potential cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. here, we evaluated the factors that may affect serological response to influenza vaccine in patients who have undergone hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (hsct). sixty-one hsct recipients were included in the study during the 2007-2008 influenza season. serum samples prior to vaccination and 6-10 weeks after vaccination were collected. samples we ... | 2010 | 20119669 |
| production of h5n1 (nibrg-14) inactivated whole virus and split virion influenza vaccines and analysis of immunogenicity in mice using different adjuvant formulations. | consecutive lots of h5n1 (a/vietnam/1194/2004 - nibrg-14) split virion and whole virus vaccines were produced in a pilot-scale laboratory. the average yields of vaccine doses (15 microg ha) per egg were 0.57 doses for h5n1 split virion vaccine and 1.12 for h5n1 whole virus vaccine, compared to 2.09 doses for the seasonal h3n2 split virion vaccine. h5n1 split virion vaccine lots complied with who protein content criteria, while some lots of the h5n1 whole virus vaccine showed protein content per ... | 2010 | 20123051 |
| [epidemiological and molecular characterization of seasonal influenza a/h3n2 viruses circulating in shenzhen, 2005 - 2007]. | to determine the epidemiological characteristics of seasonal influenza in shenzhen from 2005 to 2007 and the molecular variation of ha1 domain of influenza h3n2 viruses. | 2009 | 20137464 |
| replication, pathogenesis and transmission of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus in non-immune pigs. | the declaration of the human influenza a pandemic (h1n1) 2009 (h1n1/09) raised important questions, including origin and host range [1], [2]. two of the three pandemics in the last century resulted in the spread of virus to pigs (h1n1, 1918; h3n2, 1968) with subsequent independent establishment and evolution within swine worldwide [3]. a key public and veterinary health consideration in the context of the evolving pandemic is whether the h1n1/09 virus could become established in pig populations ... | 2010 | 20140096 |
| single assay for simultaneous detection and differential identification of human and avian influenza virus types, subtypes, and emergent variants. | for more than four decades the cause of most type a influenza virus infections of humans has been attributed to only two viral subtypes, a/h1n1 or a/h3n2. in contrast, avian and other vertebrate species are a reservoir of type a influenza virus genome diversity, hosting strains representing at least 120 of 144 combinations of 16 viral hemagglutinin and 9 viral neuraminidase subtypes. viral genome segment reassortments and mutations emerging within this reservoir may spawn new influenza virus str ... | 2010 | 20140251 |
| influenza viruses differ in ability to infect macrophages and to induce a local inflammatory response following intraperitoneal injection of mice. | strains of influenza a virus show marked differences in their ability to infect murine macrophages (mphi) such that strain a/pr/8/34 (pr8; h1n1) infects mphi poorly while strain bjx109 (h3n2) infects mphi to high levels. given the central role of mphi in initiating and regulating inflammatory responses, we hypothesized that virus strains that infect mphi poorly may also be poor at initiating inflammatory responses. studies to compare the inflammatory response of mice after intranasal inoculation ... | 2010 | 20142836 |
| effect of inactivation method on the cross-protective immunity induced by whole 'killed' influenza a viruses and commercial vaccine preparations. | we have recently shown that intranasal (i.n.) administration of gamma-irradiated a/pr/8 [a/puerto rico/8/34 (h1n1)] protects mice against lethal avian influenza a/vietnam/1203/2004 (h5n1) and other heterosubtypic influenza a infections. here, we used gamma-irradiated, formalin- and uv-inactivated a/pc [a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2)] virus preparations and compared their ability to induce both homologous and heterosubtypic protective immunity. our data show that, in contrast to i.n. vaccination wit ... | 2010 | 20147516 |
| public hospital-based laboratory experience during an outbreak of pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus infections. | the experience of a public hospital virology laboratory during a springtime 2009 outbreak of a novel influenza a (h1n1) virus in new york state is described. influenza virus was isolated from 145 of 613 respiratory swab specimens. symptoms of fever (temperature, 102.7 +/- 0.32 degrees f), cough, upper respiratory infection, myalgia, and headache were reported. atypical symptoms of nausea/vomiting and diarrhea were also observed. illness occurred mainly in patients <or=21 years of age (85/145 pat ... | 2010 | 20147645 |
| highly conserved sequences for human neutralization epitope on hemagglutinin of influenza a viruses h3n2, h1n1 and h5n1: implication for human monoclonal antibody recognition. | the epitope sequences within the hemagglutinin (ha) of influenza a virus h3n2 at amino acid residues 173-181 and 227-239 that forms anti-parallel beta-sheet structure are similarly recognized by human monoclonal antibodies (humabs), b-1 and d-1 that we recently obtained using the peripheral blood lymphocytes from two influenza-vaccinated volunteers. both humabs showed strong global neutralization of h3n2 strains. here we show the significant conservation of the beta-sheet region consisting of th ... | 2010 | 20152806 |
| [design and construction of the platform for comparative genomics]. | to design a versatile genome comparison and visualization platform based on browser/server mode supported by a local server. | 2010 | 20159684 |
| development and comparison of molecular assays for the rapid detection of the pandemic influenza a (h1n1) 2009 virus. | human infection with the novel pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus was first identified in april 2009. two months later, the world health organization (who) had raised the pandemic level to phase 6. rapid case identification is essential for prompt patient management and public health actions. this study developed real-time and conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr and crt-pcr) assays for pandemic h1n1 detection, and compared their sensitivities with protocols devel ... | 2010 | 20166184 |
| fatal case of reye's syndrome associated with h3n2 influenza virus infection and salicylate intake in a 12-year-old patient. | we describe a fatal case of reye's syndrome in a 12-year-old male patient during an influenza a (h3n2) infection for which he received salicylates. in the current situation of the novel a/h1n1 virus pandemic, we believe that it is of high importance to emphasize the risks associated with salicylate intake to avoid the reappearance of reye's syndrome. | 2011 | 20167009 |
| a novel electrochemical device to differentiate pandemic (h1n1) 2009 from seasonal influenza. | one of the challenges of the recent pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza outbreak was to differentiate the virus from seasonal influenza when confronting clinical cases. the determination of the virus has implications on treatment choice, and obvious epidemiologic significance. | 2010 | 20167047 |
| sialidase-based anti-influenza virus therapy protects against secondary pneumococcal infection. | das181 (fludase) is a sialidase fusion protein in clinical development as a broad-spectrum anti-influenza virus (ifv) therapeutic agent. previous reports by other investigators have raised the concern that desialylation of airway epithelium might increase susceptibility to streptococcus pneumoniae infection. | 2010 | 20170378 |
| diet-induced obesity impairs the t cell memory response to influenza virus infection. | the centers for disease control and prevention has suggested that obesity may be an independent risk factor for increased severity of illness from the h1n1 pandemic strain. memory t cells generated during primary influenza infection target internal proteins common among influenza viruses, making them effective against encounters with heterologous strains. in male, diet-induced obese c57bl/6 mice, a secondary h1n1 influenza challenge following a primary h3n2 infection led to a 25% mortality rate ... | 2010 | 20173021 |
| reassortment between avian h5n1 and human h3n2 influenza viruses creates hybrid viruses with substantial virulence. | the spread of avian h5n1 influenza viruses around the globe has become a worldwide public health concern. to evaluate the pathogenic potential of reassortant viruses between currently cocirculating avian h5n1 and human h3n2 influenza viruses, we generated all the 254 combinations of reassortant viruses between a/chicken/south kalimantan/ut6028/06 (sk06, h5n1) and a/tokyo/ut-sk-1/07 (tok07, h3n2) influenza viruses by reverse genetics. we found that the presence of tok07 pb2 protein in the ribonuc ... | 2010 | 20176961 |
| triple combination of amantadine, ribavirin, and oseltamivir is highly active and synergistic against drug resistant influenza virus strains in vitro. | the rapid emergence and subsequent spread of the novel 2009 influenza a/h1n1 virus (2009 h1n1) has prompted the world health organization to declare the first pandemic of the 21st century, highlighting the threat of influenza to public health and healthcare systems. widespread resistance to both classes of influenza antivirals (adamantanes and neuraminidase inhibitors) occurs in both pandemic and seasonal viruses, rendering these drugs to be of marginal utility in the treatment modality. worldwi ... | 2010 | 20179772 |
| novel inhibitors of influenza virus fusion: structure-activity relationship and interaction with the viral hemagglutinin. | a new class of n-(1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-yl)carboxamide inhibitors of influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha)-mediated membrane fusion that has a narrow and defined structure-activity relationship was identified. in madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells infected with different strains of human influenza virus a/h3n2, the lead compound, 4c, displayed a 50% effective concentration of 3 to 23 mum and an antiviral selectivity index of 10. no activity was observed for a/h1n1, a/h5n1, a/h7n2, and b ... | 2010 | 20181685 |
| alternative live-attenuated influenza vaccines based on modifications in the polymerase genes protect against epidemic and pandemic flu. | human influenza is a seasonal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. influenza vaccination is the most effective means for disease prevention. we have previously shown that mutations in the pb1 and pb2 genes of the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) from the cold-adapted (ca) influenza virus a/ann arbor/6/60 (h2n2) could be transferred to avian influenza viruses and produce partially attenuated viruses. we also demonstrated that avian influenza viruses carrying the pb ... | 2010 | 20181702 |
| rapid generation of a well-matched vaccine seed from a modern influenza a virus primary isolate without recourse to eggs. | most influenza vaccines are produced in chicken eggs but recent human influenza strains often do not grow well in this substrate. the per.c6 cell line is an alternative platform for vaccine production. here we demonstrate that per.c6 cells faithfully propagate recent clinical isolates, without selecting for mutations in the ha gene. per.c6 cells support the rescue of recombinant influenza viruses from cdna. we used sequence data from a surveillance programme to generate a pr8-based seed virus wi ... | 2010 | 20188682 |
| detection of e119v and e119i mutations in influenza a (h3n2) viruses isolated from an immunocompromised patient: challenges in diagnosis of oseltamivir resistance. | the clinical use of the neuraminidase inhibitor (nai) oseltamivir is associated with the emergence of drug resistance resulting from subtype-specific neuraminidase (na) mutations. the influenza a/texas/12/2007 (h3n2) virus isolated from an oseltamivir-treated immunocompromised patient exhibited reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir in the chemiluminescent neuraminidase inhibition (ni) assay (approximately 60-fold increase in its 50% inhibitory concentration [ic(50)] compared to that for a contro ... | 2010 | 20194700 |
| broadly protective monoclonal antibodies against h3 influenza viruses following sequential immunization with different hemagglutinins. | as targets of adaptive immunity, influenza viruses are characterized by the fluidity with which they respond to the selective pressure applied by neutralizing antibodies. this mutability of structural determinants of protective immunity is the obstacle in developing universal influenza vaccines. towards the development of such vaccines and other immune therapies, our studies are designed to identify regions of influenza viruses that are conserved and that mediate virus neutralization. we have sp ... | 2010 | 20195520 |
| immunogenicity of trivalent influenza vaccine in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during maintenance therapy. | the aim of this study was to assess the immune response of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) to influenza vaccine and to compare it with healthy controls. | 2010 | 20205258 |
| circulation of human influenza viruses and emergence of oseltamivir-resistant a(h1n1) viruses in cameroon, central africa. | while influenza surveillance has increased in most developing countries in the last few years, little influenza surveillance has been carried out in sub-saharan africa and no information is available in central africa. the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of influenza viruses circulating in yaounde, cameroon and determine their antigenic and genetic characteristics. | 2010 | 20205961 |
| assessing the burden of paediatric influenza in europe: the european paediatric influenza analysis (epia) project. | the european paediatric influenza analysis (epia) project is a multi-country project that was created to collect, analyse and present data regarding the paediatric influenza burden in european countries, with the purpose of providing the necessary information to make evidence-based decisions regarding influenza immunisation recommendations for children. the initial approach taken is based on existing weekly virological and age-specific influenza-like illness (ili) data from surveillance networks ... | 2010 | 20229049 |
| a 75-year-old woman with seasonal influenza a (h3n2) virus infection and diarrhea. | 2010 | 20233671 | |
| unseasonal transmission of h3n2 influenza a virus during the swine-origin h1n1 pandemic. | the initial wave of swine-origin influenza a virus (pandemic h1n1/09) in the united states during the spring and summer of 2009 also resulted in an increased vigilance and sampling of seasonal influenza viruses (h1n1 and h3n2), even though they are normally characterized by very low incidence outside of the winter months. to explore the nature of virus evolution during this influenza "off-season," we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of h1n1 and h3n2 sequences sampled during april to june 2009 i ... | 2010 | 20237080 |
| molecular evolution of human h1n1 and h3n2 influenza a virus in thailand, 2006-2009. | annual seasonal influenza outbreaks are associated with high morbidity and mortality. | 2010 | 20300536 |
| comparison of the pathology caused by h1n1, h5n1, and h3n2 influenza viruses. | the spectrum of morbidity and mortality of h1n1, h5n1, and h3n2 influenza a viruses relates to the pathology they produce. in this review, we describe and compare the pathology of these viruses in human cases and animal models. the 1918 h1n1, the novel 2009 h1n1 pandemic virus, and h5n1 show inflammation, congestion, and epithelial necrosis of the larger airways (trachea, bronchi and bronchioles) with extension into the alveoli causing diffuse alveolar damage. seasonal influenza a viruses (h3n2 ... | 2010 | 20304252 |
| comparison of egg and high yielding mdck cell-derived live attenuated influenza virus for commercial production of trivalent influenza vaccine: in vitro cell susceptibility and influenza virus replication kinetics in permissive and semi-permissive cells. | currently medimmune manufactures cold-adapted (ca) live, attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) from specific-pathogen free (spf) chicken eggs. difficulties in production scale-up and potential exposure of chicken flocks to avian influenza viruses especially in the event of a pandemic influenza outbreak have prompted evaluation and development of alternative non-egg based influenza vaccine manufacturing technologies. as part of medimmune's effort to develop the live attenuated influenza vaccine (la ... | 2010 | 20307595 |
| treatment of severe cases of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza: review of antivirals and adjuvant therapy. | three worldwide influenza pandemics were reported in the 20th century: in 1918, 1957 and 1968. all three pandemics were caused by different sub-types of influenza a viruses: h1n1, h2n2 and h3n2 respectively. in early march 2009, the first cases of influenza -like illness (ili) were reported from mexico. this strain was identified as influenza a/ h1n1 strain. pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza most commonly causes a self-limited illness, however, significant morbidity and mortality were reported in t ... | 2010 | 20334616 |
| a two-tiered model for simulating the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of rapidly evolving viruses, with an application to influenza. | understanding the epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of rapidly evolving pathogens is one of the most challenging problems facing disease ecologists today. to date, many mathematical and individual-based models have provided key insights into the factors that may regulate these dynamics. however, in many of these models, abstractions have been made to the simulated sequences that limit an effective interface with empirical data. this is especially the case for rapidly evolving viruses in ... | 2010 | 20335193 |
| vaccination with whole inactivated virus vaccine affects the induction of heterosubtypic immunity against influenza virus a/h5n1 and immunodominance of virus-specific cd8+ t-cell responses in mice. | it was recently shown that the use of an experimental subunit vaccine protected mice against infection with a human a/h3n2 influenza virus, but consequently affected the induction of heterosubtypic immunity to a highly pathogenic a/h5n1 influenza virus, which was otherwise induced by the a/h3n2 infection. as whole inactivated virus (wiv) vaccines are widely used to protect against seasonal influenza and also contain inner viral proteins such as the nucleoprotein (np), the potential of a wiv vacc ... | 2010 | 20335492 |
| induction of cross-reactive antibodies against mimotopes of h5n1 hemagglutinin. | a sub-library based on peptide mimic 125 was designed and constructed, and 18 phagotopes specifically binding 8h5mab were isolated. antisera against three phagotopes, containing peptide 12mh-1, 12mh-5 and 12mh-8 reacted with 3 different h5n1 virus strains, but not with 2 h1n1 and 2 h3n2 viruses by dot blots. the affinity of 12mh-8 was approximately eight times more than 12mh-1 or 12mh-5 or parent peptide 125. furthermore, synthesized 12mh-1 and 12mh-8 could block the 8h5mab binding with 4 h5n1 v ... | 2010 | 20338700 |
| mammalian expression of virus-like particles for advanced mimicry of authentic influenza virus. | influenza a viruses are major human and animal pathogens with huge economic and societal impact from illness, hospitalizations, and deaths. virus-like particles (vlps) of influenza virus have been suggested as a vaccine candidate offering improved safety and efficacy. to develop this concept further, we established a flexible platform to efficiently generate different subtypes of mammalian-expressed influenza vlps. here we demonstrate that these mammalian vlps strongly resemble the authentic vir ... | 2010 | 20339535 |
| a new antigenic variant of human influenza a (h3n2) virus isolated from airport and community surveillance in taiwan in early 2009. | a new variant of influenza a h3n2 virus emerged in january 2009 and became the dominant strain in taiwan in april 2009. the variant was also detected in imported cases from various regions, including east and southeast asia and north america, indicating that it has circulated globally. compared to the 2009-2010 vaccine strain, a/brisbane/10/2007, the hemagglutinin gene of this variant exhibited five substitutions, e62k, n144k, k158n, k173q and n189k, which are located in the antigenic sites e, a ... | 2010 | 20347893 |
| performance of rapid influenza testing in hospitalized children. | influenza infection is associated with high hospitalization rates among young children. rapid diagnosis of influenza infection is particularly useful in order to prevent nosocomial infection and allows for the timely initiation of antiviral treatment. we evaluated the performance of a rapid influenza test in hospitalized children during the influenza season. all children (aged 6 months to 14 years) hospitalized with fever and/or respiratory symptoms, admitted during the 2005 influenza season, pa ... | 2010 | 20349200 |
| rapid selection of a transmissible multidrug-resistant influenza a/h3n2 virus in an immunocompromised host. | the overall impact of influenza virus infection in immunocompromised patients is largely unknown. antigenic drift and genetic variations during prolonged influenza infection have been demonstrated. in this report we describe a multidrug-resistant h3n2 influenza virus isolated from an immunocompromised patient after 5 days of therapy. | 2010 | 20350163 |
| pandemic (h1n1) 2009 infection in swine herds, manitoba, canada. | in manitoba, canada, several swine herds were infected by pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus in the summer of 2009. results of several investigations concluded that outbreaks of infection with this virus are similar in duration to outbreaks of infections with swine influenza viruses a (h1n1) and a (h3n2). | 2010 | 20350394 |
| triple reassortant swine influenza a (h3n2) virus in waterfowl. | 2010 | 20350405 | |
| preliminary estimates of mortality and years of life lost associated with the 2009 a/h1n1 pandemic in the us and comparison with past influenza seasons. | the on-going debate about the health burden of the 2009 influenza pandemic and discussions about the usefulness of vaccine recommendations has been hampered by an absence of directly comparable measures of mortality impact. here we set out to generate an "apples-to-apples" metric to compare pandemic and epidemic mortality. we estimated the mortality burden of the pandemic in the us using a methodology similar to that used to generate excess mortality burden for inter-pandemic influenza seasons. ... | 2010 | 20352125 |
| [characterization of m2 gene of h3n2 subtype swine influenza virus]. | m2 protein of influenza a virus is encoded by a spliced mrna derived from rna segment 7 and plays an important role in influenza virus replication. it is also a target molecule of anti-virus drugs. we extracted the viral genome rnas from mdck cells infected with swine influenza a virus (siv) h3n2 subtype and amplified the siv m2 gene by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using the isloated viral genome rnas as template. the amplified cdna was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vec ... | 2010 | 20353087 |
| [review on the etiological property of 1968 hong kong flu virus (h3n2)]. | 2009 | 20361594 | |
| characterization of two low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in hungary in 2007. | two low pathogenic (lp) avian influenza virus strains, a/mallard/hungary/19616/07 (h3n8) and a/mute swan/hungary/5973/07 (h7n7), isolated as part of the national surveillance program in hungary, were fully sequenced and characterized. the two viruses showed the closest phylogenetic relationship regarding their acidic polymerase genes. the h7n7 hungarian virus and some h5n2 influenza viruses isolated from korean pigs appeared to have their basic polymerase gene 1 from a relatively recent common a ... | 2010 | 20363081 |
| long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor laninamivir octanoate (cs-8958) versus oseltamivir as treatment for children with influenza virus infection. | we conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial to compare a long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor, laninamivir octanoate, with oseltamivir. eligible patients were children 9 years of age and under who had febrile influenza symptoms of no more than 36-h duration. patients were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: a group given 40 mg laninamivir (40-mg group), a group given 20 mg laninamivir (20-mg group), and an oseltamivir group. laninamivir octanoate was administered as a single inhal ... | 2010 | 20368393 |
| mixed infections of pandemic h1n1 and seasonal h3n2 viruses in 1 outbreak. | in early september 2009, an outbreak of influenza occurred at a college campus in beijing, china, in which both pandemic h1n1 and seasonal h3n2 viruses were detected. | 2010 | 20380566 |
| a computational analysis of the antigenic properties of haemagglutinin in influenza a h3n2. | motivation: modelling antigenic shift in influenza a h3n2 can help to predict the efficiency of vaccines. the virus is known to exhibit sudden jumps in antigenic distance, and prediction of such novel strains from amino acid sequence differences remains a challenge. results: from analysis of 6624 amino acid sequences of wild-type h3, we propose updates to the frequently referenced list of 131 amino acids located at or near the five identified antibody binding regions in haemagglutinin (ha). we i ... | 2010 | 20388627 |
| isolation of influenza a viruses from pigs in ibadan, nigeria. | the authors investigated influenza virus types in pigs in ibadan, a city in oyo state, south-western nigeria. from april to june 2008, nasal swabs were collected from pigs at three locations in ibadan. influenza a viruses (four a [h1n1], two a [h3n2] and one a [h1n1]-a [h3n2] double reactant) were isolated from 7 of the 50 apparently healthy landrace pigs tested. this study is the first documented isolation of swine influenza viruses in nigeria and it reveals that different strains of influenza ... | 2009 | 20391401 |
| in vitro assessment of attachment pattern and replication efficiency of h5n1 influenza a viruses with altered receptor specificity. | the continuous circulation of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 virus has been a cause of great concern. the possibility of this virus acquiring specificity for the human influenza a virus receptor, alpha2,6-linked sialic acids (sa), and being able to transmit efficiently among humans is a constant threat to human health. different studies have described amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin (ha) of clinical hpai h5n1 isolates or that were introduced experimentally that resul ... | 2010 | 20392847 |
| epidemiologic study of human influenza virus infection in south korea from 1999 to 2007: origin and evolution of a/fujian/411/2002-like strains. | influenza epidemics arise through the accumulation of viral genetic changes, culminating in a novel antigenic type that is able to escape host immunity. following an outbreak of the a/fujian/411/2002-like strains in asia, including china, japan, and south korea, in 2002, australia and new zealand experienced substantial outbreaks of the same strains in 2003, and subsequently worldwide outbreaks occurred in the 2003-2004 season. the emergence of a/fujian/411/2002-like strains coincided with a hig ... | 2010 | 20392920 |
| the impact of key amino acid substitutions in the hemagglutinin of influenza a (h3n2) viruses on vaccine production and antibody response. | influenza h3n2 viruses have recently drifted from a/wisconsin/67/05-like to a/brisbane/10/07-like viruses. the effect of key amino acid substitutions in the hemagglutinin (ha) protein on the replication, antigenicity and immunogenicity of cold-adapted, live attenuated vaccine strains was examined. a/brisbane/10/07 egg isolate contained a unique combination of g186 and p194 which were required for efficient virus growth in madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells and embryonated chicken eggs, but t ... | 2010 | 20399830 |
| influenza a viral loads in respiratory samples collected from patients infected with pandemic h1n1, seasonal h1n1 and h3n2 viruses. | nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa), nasal swab (ns), and throat swab (ts) are common specimens used for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections based on the detection of viral genomes, viral antigens and viral isolation. however, there is no documented data regarding the type of specimen that yields the best result of viral detection. in this study, quantitative real time rt-pcr specific for m gene was used to determine influenza a viral loads present in ns, npa and ts samples collected from patien ... | 2010 | 20403211 |
| antigenic variations of human influenza virus in shiraz, iran. | influenza virus is a major cause of human respiratory infections and responsible for pandemics and regional outbreaks around the world. this investigation aims to determine the prevalent influenza genotypes during 2005-2007 outbreaks in shiraz, the capital city of fars province, southern iran and compare the results obtained with those of previous study. | 2010 | 20404455 |
| serologic survey of swine workers for exposure to h2n3 swine influenza a. | of the 16 influenza a hemagglutinin (h) subtypes, only h1, h2 and h3 viruses have been shown to cause sustained human infection. whereas h1 and h3 viruses currently circulate seasonally in humans, h2 viruses have not been identified in humans since 1968. in 2006, an h2n3 influenza virus was isolated from ill swine in the united states. | 2010 | 20409213 |
| neuraminidase receptor binding variants of human influenza a(h3n2) viruses resulting from substitution of aspartic acid 151 in the catalytic site: a role in virus attachment? | changes in the receptor binding characteristics of human h3n2 viruses have been evident from changes in the agglutination of different red blood cells (rbcs) and the reduced growth capacity of recently isolated viruses, particularly in embryonated eggs. an additional peculiarity of viruses circulating in 2005 to 2009 has been the poor inhibition of hemagglutination by postinfection ferret antisera for many viruses isolated in mdck cells, including homologous reference viruses. this was shown not ... | 2010 | 20410266 |
| quantifying the early immune response and adaptive immune response kinetics in mice infected with influenza a virus. | seasonal and pandemic influenza a virus (iav) continues to be a public health threat. however, we lack a detailed and quantitative understanding of the immune response kinetics to iav infection and which biological parameters most strongly influence infection outcomes. to address these issues, we use modeling approaches combined with experimental data to quantitatively investigate the innate and adaptive immune responses to primary iav infection. mathematical models were developed to describe th ... | 2010 | 20410284 |
| an epidemiological modeling and data integration framework. | in this work, a cellular automaton software package for simulating different infectious diseases, storing the simulation results in a data warehouse system and analyzing the obtained results to generate prediction models as well as contingency plans, is proposed. the brisbane h3n2 flu virus, which has been spreading during the winter season 2009, was used for simulation in the federal state of tyrol, austria. | 2010 | 20411210 |
| direct pathogen detection from swab samples using a new high-throughput sequencing technology. | the detection of emerging infectious diseases has been a continuing concern, especially with the novel influenza a (h1n1) viral pandemic of 2009. in the present study, we validated a 'second-generation' parallel sequencing platform for viral detection in swab samples collected during recent influenza virus infections in beijing. this operation yielded millions of valid reads per sample and resulted in an almost complete spectrum of nucleotide information. importantly, novel a (h1n1) and seasonal ... | 2011 | 20412188 |
| narcissus tazetta lectin shows strong inhibitory effects against respiratory syncytial virus, influenza a (h1n1, h3n2, h5n1) and b viruses. | a mannose-binding lectin (narcissus tazetta lectin [ntl]) with potent antiviral activity was isolated and purified from the bulbs of the chinese daffodil narcissus tazetta var. chinensis, using ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (deae)-cellulose, affinity chromatography on mannose-agarose and fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc)-gel filtration on superose 12. the purified lectin was shown to have an apparent molecular mass of 26 kda by gel filtration and 13 kda by sds-page, in ... | 2010 | 20413914 |
| [in vitro activity of ingavirin against influenza virus a (h3n2)]. | the comparative analysis of the efficacy of ingavirin and etiotropic chemotherapeutics, such as arbidol and remantadin, against the influenza virus a (h3n2) performed with the use of susceptible permanent cell cultures showed that in the used concentrations ingavirin was efficient in inhibition of the virus cytopathic activity, formation of the specific hemagglutinin and reproduction of the virus (by the accumulation). | 2009 | 20415259 |
| equine and canine influenza: a review of current events. | in the past decade, the pandemics of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 and the novel h1n1 influenza have both illustrated the potential of influenza viruses to rapidly emerge and spread widely in animals and people. since both of these viruses are zoonotic, these pandemics have been the driving force behind a renewed commitment by the medical and veterinary professions to practice one world, one health for the control of infectious diseases. the discovery in 2004 that an equine origin h3n8 ... | 2010 | 20426896 |
| antibody response against heterogeneous circulating influenza virus strains elicited by mf59- and non-adjuvanted vaccines during seasons with good or partial matching between vaccine strain and clinical isolates. | mf59 is already known to enhance the breadth of antibody response to mismatched influenza seasonal and avian strains. however, little is known on the effect of mf59 on immunogenicity of influenza vaccines when "apparent" good matching between circulating and vaccine strains exists. to this end, we compared the immune response elicited by mf59-adjuvanted or non-adjuvanted subunit vaccine, containing a/california/7/04(h3n2) strain, against circulating viruses isolated between 2004/2005 and 2006/20 ... | 2010 | 20433807 |
| differentiation of human influenza a viruses including the pandemic subtype h1n1/2009 by conventional multiplex pcr. | april 2009 witnessed the emergence of a novel h1n1 influenza a virus infecting the human population. currently, pandemic and seasonal influenza viruses are co-circulating in human populations. understanding the course of the emerging pandemic virus is important. it is still unknown how the novel virus co-circulates with or outcompetes seasonal viruses. sustainable and detailed influenza surveillance is required throughout the world including developing countries. in the present study, a multiple ... | 2010 | 20447424 |
| first whole genome characterization of swine influenza virus subtype h3n2 in thailand. | h3n2 swine influenza viruses (siv) were first detected in asia shortly after the 1968 pandemic emerged in humans. subsequently, human h3n2 viruses have sporadically reappeared in swine. in thailand, a human-like h3n2 siv was reported in 1978 although the genetic sequence of this virus is unknown. in this study, we undertook cross sectional syndromic surveillance in pigs in four provinces in thailand. seven genetically similar h3n2 viruses were isolated. a representative, a/sw/thailand/ku5.1/04, ... | 2010 | 20447778 |
| detection of pandemic influenza a h1n1 virus by multiplex reverse transcription-pcr with a gexp analyzer. | a novel application of the gexp genetic analysis system for the differential detection of pandemic influenza a h1n1 from seasonal influenza a h1n1 and h3n2 is described. the assay was evaluated using identified influenza viruses and clinical samples. the results indicate that the assay is both highly sensitive and specific for the detection of the pandemic influenza a h1n1 virus with a detection limit of 10 copies per reaction superior to that of assays in use currently. the assay is able to det ... | 2010 | 20452377 |
| antigenic categorization of contemporary h3n2 swine influenza virus isolates using a high-throughput serum neutralization assay. | in vivo, neutralizing antibodies are critical for viral clearance. a high-throughput serum neutralization (htsn) assay was developed to antigenically categorize swine influenza virus (siv) isolates. uncategorized viruses were tested using a panel of antisera representing the h3n2 siv subtypes and the results expressed as a serum neutralization ratio. antisera were generated against contemporary isolates representing circulating h3n2 siv subtypes (clusters i, iii, iv). reference viruses and the c ... | 2010 | 20453207 |
| [clinical trial of safety and immunogenicity of new influenza vaccine grifor in children]. | assessment of reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity after single intramuscular immunization of children with grifor vaccine. | 2010 | 20465002 |
| tracking the emergence of pandemic influenza a/h1n1/2009 and its interaction with seasonal influenza viruses in singapore. | since the emergence of the pandemic influenza a/h1n1/2009 virus in april 2009, diagnostic testing in many countries has revealed the rapid displacement and then replacement of circulating seasonal influenza viruses by this novel virus. | 2010 | 20473453 |
| sialic acid-mimic peptides as hemagglutinin inhibitors for anti-influenza therapy. | influenza is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, and each year many people suffer from this disease. hemagglutinin (ha) in the membrane of type a influenza viruses recognizes sialylglycoconjugate receptors on the host cell surface at an initial step in the infection process; consequently, ha inhibitors are considered potential candidates for antiviral drugs. we identified peptides that bind to receptor-binding sites through a multiple serial selection from phage-displayed random ... | 2010 | 20476787 |
| [colorimetric detection of human influenza a h1n1 virus by reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification]. | a simple, rapid and sensitive colorimetric reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) method was established to detect human influenza a h1n1 virus. the method employed a set of six specially designed primers that recognized eight distinct sequences of the ha gene for amplification of nucleic acid under isothermal conditions at 65 degrees c for one and half hour. the amplification process of rt-lamp was monitored by the addition of hnb (hydroxy naphthol blue) dye prio ... | 2010 | 20480635 |
| [development of single-tube multiplex real-time pcr for simultaneous detection of novel influenza a h1n1 and human seasonal influenza a h1n1 and h3n2 virus]. | in this study, we established a rapid and sensitive multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mrtrt-pcr) to simultaneously detect the novel human influenza a h1n1 virus, human seasonal influenza a h1n1 and h3n2. this assay had three pairs of primer to target the conserved regions of the ha gene for each of the ha types including novel h1n1, seasonal h1n1 and seasonal h3n2, and one pair of primer designed to detect the internal control-rnasep gene. this assay was perfor ... | 2010 | 20480637 |
| viral reassortment and transmission after co-infection of pigs with classical h1n1 and triple-reassortant h3n2 swine influenza viruses. | triple-reassortant swine influenza viruses circulating in north american pigs contain the internal genes derived from swine (matrix, non-structural and nucleoprotein), human [polymerase basic 1 (pb1)] and avian (polymerase acidic and pb2) influenza viruses forming a constellation of genes that is well conserved and is called the triple-reassortant internal gene (trig) cassette. in contrast, the external genes [haemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na)] are less conserved, reflecting multiple re ... | 2010 | 20484565 |
| in vitro system for modeling influenza a virus resistance under drug pressure. | one of the biggest challenges in the effort to treat and contain influenza a virus infections is the emergence of resistance during treatment. it is well documented that resistance to amantadine arises rapidly during the course of treatment due to mutations in the gene coding for the m2 protein. to address this problem, it is critical to develop experimental systems that can accurately model the selection of resistance under drug pressure as seen in humans. we used the hollow-fiber infection mod ... | 2010 | 20498316 |
| differing symptom patterns in early pandemic vs seasonal influenza infections. | singapore is a tropical country with a temperature range of 23 degrees c to 35 degrees c and relative humidity of 48% to 100% throughout the year. influenza incidence peaks in june through july and november through january, though influenza cases can be detected throughout the year. | 2010 | 20498413 |
| [detection of molecular markers of amantadine resistance in swine influenza viruses by pyrosequencing]. | to evaluate the resistance against the adamantine of multi-genotype (h1n1, h3n2 and h9n2) swine influenza viruses isolated from china in recent years by pyrosequencing. | 2010 | 20499646 |
| [microarray for detecting and subtyping of circulating influenza a virus]. | we designed and characterized an oligonucleotide microarray for detecting and subtyping of circulating influenza a virus including subtypes h1n1, h1n2, h3n2, h5n1 and h9n2. | 2010 | 20499647 |
| critical role of airway macrophages in modulating disease severity during influenza virus infection of mice. | airway macrophages provide a first line of host defense against a range of airborne pathogens, including influenza virus. in this study, we show that influenza viruses differ markedly in their abilities to infect murine macrophages in vitro and that infection of macrophages is nonproductive and no infectious virus is released. virus strain bjx109 (h3n2) infected macrophages with high efficiency and was associated with mild disease following intranasal infection of mice. in contrast, virus strain ... | 2010 | 20504924 |
| establishment and characterization of a madin-darby canine kidney reporter cell line for influenza a virus assays. | influenza virus diagnosis has traditionally relied on virus isolation in chicken embryo or cell cultures. many laboratories have adopted rapid molecular methods for detection of influenza viruses and discontinued routine utilization of the relatively slow viral culture methods. we describe an influenza a virus reporter cell line that contributes to more efficient viral detection in cell culture. madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells were engineered to constitutively produce an influenza virus g ... | 2010 | 20504984 |
| longitudinal clearance of seasonal influenza a viral rna measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction in patients identified at a hospital emergency department. | to study influenza virus shedding during acute infection, viral load was longitudinally measured by quantitative pcr in nasal flocked swabs from patients with seasonal h3n2 influenza at a swedish emergency department, including both hospitalized patients and outpatients. influenza a was detected in 65/184 patients. sampling was repeated every 3-4 days in 45 patients, with the aim of continuing sampling until day 12 after disease onset. home visits were offered. antibodies were measured on paired ... | 2010 | 20507261 |
| antiviral drug susceptibilities of seasonal human influenza viruses in lebanon, 2008-09 season. | the emergence of antiviral drug-resistant strains of the influenza virus in addition to the rapid spread of the recent pandemic a(h1n1) 2009 virus highlight the importance of surveillance of influenza in identifying new variants as they appear. in this study, genetic characteristics and antiviral susceptibility patterns of influenza samples collected in lebanon during the 2008-09 season were investigated. forty influenza virus samples were isolated from 89 nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from pati ... | 2010 | 20513088 |
| genomic events contributing to the high prevalence of amantadine-resistant influenza a/h3n2. | the prevalence of amantadine-resistant influenza a/h3n2 viruses (belonging to the n-lineage), possessing an s31n mutation in the m2 protein and s193f and d225n substitutions in their ha1 subunit, has significantly increased worldwide since 2005. the aim of this study was to clarify the genomic events contributing to the evolution and continuity of the n-lineage amantadine-resistant viruses. | 2010 | 20516551 |
| receptor specificity of influenza a h3n2 viruses isolated in mammalian cells and embryonated chicken eggs. | isolation of human subtype h3n2 influenza viruses in embryonated chicken eggs yields viruses with amino acid substitutions in the hemagglutinin (ha) that often affect binding to sialic acid receptors. we used a glycan array approach to analyze the repertoire of sialylated glycans recognized by viruses from the same clinical specimen isolated in eggs or cell cultures. the binding profiles of whole virions to 85 sialoglycans on the microarray allowed the categorization of cell isolates into two gr ... | 2010 | 20519409 |
| monoclonal antibody kit for identification of the novel 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus. | to develop an immunofluorescence assay for identification of the 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus, we generated a number of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) by using inactivated h1n1 2009 virus (a/california/07/2009) as the immunogen. two mabs that target two different epitopes of the 2009 h1n1 hemagglutinin (ha) were selected to make the d(3) ultra 2009 h1n1 influenza a id kit (2009 h1n1 id kit; diagnostic hybrids, inc., athens, oh), which is intended for the identification of the 2009 h1n1 virus by ind ... | 2010 | 20519459 |
| survey of influenza a viruses circulating in wild birds in canada 2005 to 2007. | a multi-agency, canada-wide survey of influenza a viruses circulating in wild birds, coordinated by the canadian cooperative wildlife health centre, was begun in the summer of 2005. cloacal swab specimens collected from young-of-year ducks were screened for the presence of influenza a nucleic acids by quantitative, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr). specimens that produced positive results underwent further testing for h5 and h7 gene sequences and virus isolatio ... | 2010 | 20521675 |
| continuing evolution and interspecies transmission of influenza viruses in live bird markets in korea. | live bird markets (lbms) provide an ideal environment for the evolution and interspecies transfer of avian influenza viruses (aivs). in this study, we analyzed aivs present in lbms in korea during the winter seasons of 2006-08. sixty-five aivs that belong to four hemagglutination (ha) subtypes ofaiv (h3, h4, h6, and h9) were isolated from 644 pooled tissue or swab samples collected in lbms. most h9 subtypes of aivs were isolated from galliformes (chickens, silky fowls, pheasants, and guinea fowl ... | 2010 | 20521725 |