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hemodialysis catheter-related bacteremia caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia. 201726628804
antibacterial activity of stenotrophomonas maltophilia endolysin p28 against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.maltocin p28 is a phage-tail like bacteriocin produced by stenotrophomonas maltophilia p28. the orf8 of maltocin p28 gene cluster is predicted to encode an endolysin and we name it endolysin p28. sequence analysis revealed that it contains the lysozyme_like superfamily conserved domain. endolysin p28 has the four consensus motifs as that of escherichia coli phage lambda gpr. in this study, endolysin p28 was expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3) and purified with a c-terminal oligo-histidine tag. the a ...201526635765
[orbital cellulitis with concomitant bacteraemia (stenotrophomonas maltophilia) as a complication of an intraorbital foreign body--a case report and literature review].this is a case report of a 53-year-old man, who presented in the department of ophthalmology with signs of orbital cellulitis on the right side, which developed over a few days following an injury. computed tomography revealed inflammatory infiltration of the orbital soft tissues, penetrating to the sella turcica. orbital swab and blood cultures revealed the presence of enterobacter and peptostreptococcus spp. as well as stenotrophomonas maltophilia, respectively. review of the literature releva ...201526638549
a stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain evades a major caenorhabditis elegans defense pathway.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a ubiquitous bacterium and an emerging nosocomial pathogen. this bacterium is resistant to many antibiotics, associated with a number of infections, and a significant health risk, especially for immunocompromised patients. given that caenorhabditis elegans shares many conserved genetic pathways and pathway components with higher organisms, the study of its interaction with bacterial pathogens has biomedical implications. s. maltophilia has been isolated in associa ...201526644380
in vitro antimicrobial activity of s-649266, a catechol-substituted siderophore cephalosporin, when tested against non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.s-649266 is a parenteral siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic with a catechol moiety on its side chain. the in vitro antimicrobial activity of s-649266 against non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria was evaluated and compared with the activities of meropenem, levofloxacin, cefepime, ceftazidime and piperacillin/tazobactam.201626645269
antimicrobial evaluation of quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine nanoparticles against clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria.peritonitis is a disease caused by bacterial strains that have become increasingly resistant to many antibiotics. the development of alternative therapeutic compounds is the focus of extensive research, so novel nanoparticles (nps) with activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria should be developed. in this study, the antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine (qa-pei) nps was evaluated against streptococcus viridans, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and escherichia coli. to ...201526647809
whole-genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia zbg7b reveals its biotechnological potential.stenotrophomonas maltophilia zbg7b was isolated from vineyard soil of zellenberg, france. here, we present the draft genome sequence of this bacterial strain, which has facilitated the prediction of function for several genes encoding biotechnologically important enzymes, such as xylosidase, xylanase, laccase, and chitinase.201526659682
prophylactic removal and microbiological evaluation of calcified plaques after pterygium surgery.the aim of this study was to investigate microbiological characteristics of prophylactically removed calcified plaques developed after pterygium excision, and to evaluate risk factors for the growth of microorganisms.201626666234
molecular characterization of midgut microbiota of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti from arunachal pradesh, india.microbiota inhabiting midguts of mosquitoes play a key role in the host - parasite interaction and enhance vectorial capacity of viral diseases like dengue and chikungunya fevers. mosquito midgut is considered to be an important site for host-pathogen interaction and pathogen survival is thought to be an outcome of this interaction. in the present study we examined the bacterial community in the midgut of aedes mosquitoes in arunanchal pradesh, india, a subtropical zone where dengue fever is rep ...201526684012
phenotypic heterogeneity affects stenotrophomonas maltophilia k279a colony morphotypes and β-lactamase expression.phenotypic heterogeneity at the cellular level in response to various stresses, e.g., antibiotic treatment has been reported for a number of bacteria. in a clonal population, cell-to-cell variation may result in phenotypic heterogeneity that is a mechanism to survive changing environments including antibiotic therapy. stenotrophomonas maltophilia has been frequently isolated from cystic fibrosis patients, can cause numerous infections in other organs and tissues, and is difficult to treat due to ...201526696982
expression and functions of cred, an inner membrane protein in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.crebc is a highly conserved two-component regulatory system (tcs) in several gram-negative bacteria, including escherichia coli, aeromonas spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia. cred is a conserved gene that encodes a predicted inner-membrane protein and is located near the crebc loci. activation of crebc increases cred expression; therefore, cred expression is generally used as a measure of crebc activation in e. coli, aeromonas spp., and p. aeruginosa systems. in this ...201526698119
a case of sinusitis caused by schizophyllum commune and bacteria in acute myelocytic leukemia.schizophyllum commune infections have been rarely reported. here we reported a rare case of sinusitis in an acute myelocytic leukemia patient, who was co-infected by escherichia coli, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and basidiomycetous fungi (schizophyllum commune) in sinuses. considering the in vitro and in vivo anti-fungal activity of voriconazole, it might be a good option to treat schizophyllum commune infections when antifungal susceptibility testing is not available. when severe side effects ...201526732008
microbial diversity in the early in vivo-formed dental biofilm.although the mature dental biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the earliest phase of in vivo tooth colonization. progress in dental biofilm collection methodologies and techniques of large-scale microbial identification have made new studies in this field of oral biology feasible. the aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of the cultivable and noncultivable microbes in the early dental biofilm. samples of early dental biofil ...201626746720
fournier's gangrene (necrotising fasciitis) complicated by renal and respiratory insufficiency: a case report.a case report of a 68-year-old male obese diabetic patient with an abscess of left femoral region, and diffuse inflammation of abdominal wall and genital region developing sepsis, respiratory and renal failure. at admission in the regional hospital a diagnosis of polymicrobial necrotising fasciitis with suspected sepsis was declared. the patient was transferred to the special intensive care unit (sicu) of burns and reconstructive surgery at the kosice-saca. the patient was treated surgically, wi ...201626762496
pathogen distribution and drug resistance in a burn ward: a three-year retrospective analysis of a single center in china.to investigate the spread of multiple-resistant strain in a burn ward to inform clinical administration of antibiotic drugs, burn wound treatment and decision-making for infection control. a 3-year retrospective analysis was conducted. specimens from wounds, blood, catheter, sputum, urine and stool collected from inpatients of the second affiliated hospital of zhejiang university of medicine between january 1, 2011 and december 31, 2013 were cultured and strains were identified by automatic bact ...201526770555
metabolic biotransformation of copper-benzo[a]pyrene combined pollutant on the cellular interface of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.previous studies have confirmed that stenotrophomonas maltophilia can bind an appreciable amount of cu(ii) and degrade bap. however, the removal mechanisms of cu(ii) coexisted with bap by s. maltophilia are still unclear. in this study, the micro-interaction of contaminants on the cellular surface was investigated. the results indicated that carboxyl groups played an important role in the binding of copper to the thallus and that the cell walls were the main adsorption sites. nevertheless, these ...201626771922
occurrence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in agricultural soils and antibiotic resistance properties.the occurrence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia was monitored in organic amendments and agricultural soils from various sites in france and tunisia. s. maltophilia was detected in horse and bovine manures, and its abundance ranged from 0.294 (±0.509) × 10(3) to 880 (±33.4) × 10(3) cfu (g drywt)(-1) of sample. s. maltophilia was recovered from most tested soil samples (104/124). its abundance varied from 0.33 (±0.52) to 414 (±50) × 10(3) cfu (g drywt)(-1) of soil and was not related to soil charac ...201626774914
intra- and interspecies effects of outer membrane vesicles from stenotrophomonas maltophilia on β-lactam resistance.the treatment ofstenotrophomonas maltophiliainfection with β-lactam antibiotics leads to increased release of outer membrane vesicles (omvs), which are packed with two chromosomally encoded β-lactamases. here, we show that these β-lactamase-packed omvs are capable of establishing extracellular β-lactam degradation. we also show that they dramatically increase the apparent mics of imipenem and ticarcillin for the cohabituating speciespseudomonas aeruginosaandburkholderia cenocepacia.201626787686
monotherapy with minocycline or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative bacillus intermittently isolated from hospitalized patients. trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is considered the treatment of choice for s. maltophilia infections, though limited by toxicities. minocycline is utilized at our institution for s. maltophilia infections due to its improved tolerability and in vitro susceptibility rates. our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of minocycline monotherapy compared with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole mo ...201626801080
in vivo development of daptomycin resistance in vancomycin-susceptible methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus severe infections previously treated with glycopeptides.our aim was to describe the clinical and microbiological features of four cases of severe vancomycin-susceptible methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infections in which the vancomycin non-susceptibility development and daptomycin resistance occurred under therapy with teicoplanin (three cases) and daptomycin switched to vancomycin (one case). clinical data were retrospectively reviewed. on nine clinical epidemiologically unrelated daptomycin-susceptible (dap-s) and daptomycin-resi ...201626815434
a pilot study of quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification-guided target therapies for hospital-acquired pneumonia.it is important to achieve the definitive pathogen identification in hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap), but the traditional culture results always delay the target antibiotic therapy. we assessed the method called quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qlamp) as a new implement for steering of the antibiotic decision-making in hap.201626830989
standard susceptibility testing overlooks potent azithromycin activity and cationic peptide synergy against mdr stenotrophomonas maltophilia.the gram-negative bacillus stenotrophomonas maltophilia (sm) is an emerging mdr opportunistic pathogen. recent studies identify a potentially relevant activity of azithromycin against gram-negative bacteria overlooked in standard bacteriological testing. we investigated azithromycin activity against sm in testing conditions incorporating mammalian tissue culture medium and host defence factors.201626832758
relationship of sulfamethoxazole therapeutic drug monitoring to clinical efficacy and toxicity: a retrospective cohort study.trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx) is the treatment of choice for infections caused by pneumocystis jiroveci, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and nocardia species, but the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring (tdm) is unclear. the objective of this study was to evaluate the association between peak sulfamethoxazole (smx) serum levels and clinical outcomes to determine the utility of tdm of tmp/smx.201626836809
assessment of the microbial constituents of the home environment of individuals with cystic fibrosis (cf) and their association with lower airways infections.cystic fibrosis (cf) airways are colonized by a polymicrobial community of organisms, termed the cf microbiota. we sought to define the microbial constituents of the home environment of individuals with cf and determine if it may serve as a latent reservoir for infection.201626859493
isolation and identification of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from cucumber rhizosphere and their effect on plant growth promotion and disease suppression.plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) are the rhizosphere bacteria that may be utilized to augment plant growth and suppress plant diseases. the objectives of this study were to identify and characterize pgpr indigenous to cucumber rhizosphere in bangladesh, and to evaluate their ability to suppress phytophthora crown rot in cucumber. a total of 66 isolates were isolated, out of which 10 (ppb1, ppb2, ppb3, ppb4, ppb5, ppb8, ppb9, ppb10, ppb11, and ppb12) were selected based on their in vit ...201526869996
concomitant presence of aspergillus fumigatus and stenotrophomonas maltophilia in the respiratory tract: a new risk for patients with liver disease?concomitant lung colonization by aspergillus fumigatus and stenotrophomonas maltophilia was reported mainly in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) and immunocompromised patients. the aim of the study was to assess the frequency of co-culture of a. fumigatus and s. maltophilia in respiratory samples of hospitalized patients, and to determine its associated factors. between 2007 and 2011, all patients who had a. fumigatus in their respiratory samples were retrospectively enrolled in the study. thei ...201626872817
systematic mutational analysis of histidine kinase genes in the nosocomial pathogen stenotrophomonas maltophilia identifies bfmak system control of biofilm development.the gram-negative bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilialives in diverse ecological niches. as a result of its formidable capabilities of forming biofilm and its resistance to multiple antibiotic agents, the bacterium is also a nosocomial pathogen of serious threat to the health of patients whose immune systems are suppressed or compromised. besides the histidine kinase rpfc, the two-component signal transduction system (tcs), which is the canonical regulatory machinery used by most bacterial pa ...201626873318
evaluation of antibacterial activity of stenotrophomonas maltophilia against ralstonia solanacearum under different application conditions.the aim of this study was the monitoring of different mechanisms involved in the antibacterial activity of the biocontrol agent, stenotrophomonas maltophilia (pd4560), against ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and in vivo. optimization of conditions that favour these mechanisms was the second target of this study.201626876282
pseudo-outbreaks of stenotrophomonas maltophilia on an intensive care unit in england.in june 2014, a cluster of identical s. maltophilia isolates was reported in an adult intensive care unit (icu) at a district general hospital. an outbreak control team was convened to investigate the cluster and inform control measures.201626876747
severe bloodstream infection due to kpc-producer e coli in a renal transplant recipient treated with the double-carbapenem regimen and analysis of in vitro synergy testing: a case report.transplant recipients are at high risk of infections caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms. due to the limited therapeutic options, innovative antimicrobial combinations against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae causing severe infections are necessary.a 61-year-old woman with a history of congenital solitary kidney underwent renal transplantation. the postoperative course was complicated by nosocomial pneumonia due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia and pan-sensitive escherichia coli, ...201626886594
i.v. minocycline revisited for infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.the evidence supporting the potential use of i.v. minocycline for serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (mdros) is summarized.201626896499
production, characterization, gene cloning, and nematocidal activity of the extracellular protease from stenotrophomonas maltophilia n4.a rhizosphere strain of the bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia n4 secretes the serine protease pn4, whose molecular mass is approximately 42 kda. the optimal temperature for the enzyme activity of the 11-fold purified protein was 50°c and the optimal ph was 10.5. the activity of the enzyme was strongly inhibited by specific serine protease inhibitors, which allowed for its classification as an alkaline serine protease family. ca(2+) ions stimulated the activity of the protease pn4, while mg( ...201626896861
evaluation of the effectiveness of manual and automated dialyzers reprocessing after multiple reuses.a cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of manual and automated dialyzer reprocessing. dialyzers were filled with fluid thioglycollate medium from blood and dialysate chambers after being reprocessed and chemically sterilized with 0.2% peracetic acid. they were incubated for 14 days at 35°c ± 2°c, and microbiologic analysis was performed. microorganisms were identified in 3 of the 11 samples (27.3%) from the blood chambers: sphingomonas paucimobilis (2/3) and penicill ...201626897699
antibacterial activity of salvadora persica l. (miswak) extracts against multidrug resistant bacterial clinical isolates.much effort has focused on examining the inhibitory effect of salvadora persica (miswak) on oral microorganisms, but information concerning its antibacterial activity against other human pathogens, particularly multidrug resistant (mdr) isolates, is scarce. therefore, this study aimed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities of salvadora persica l. extracts against 10 mdr bacterial clinical isolates other than oral pathogens. the antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol miswak extra ...201626904146
engineering broad-spectrum digestion of polyuronides from an exolytic polysaccharide lyase.macroalgae represents a promising source of fermentable carbohydrates for use in the production of energy efficient biofuel. the primary carbohydrate in brown algae is the uronic acid-containing alginate, whereas green algae contains a significant amount of glucuronan. a necessary step in the conversion of these polyuronides to bioethanol is saccharification, which can be achieved by enzymatic or chemical degradation.201626913076
central venous catheter-related blood stream infection with pyomyositis due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in a patient with aplastic anemia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia causes pneumonia and cvc-crbsi in hsct. however, there are few reports of pyomyositis due to s. maltophilia. we report a patient with crbsi and pyomyositis due to s. maltophilia after allogeneic hsct who was successfully treated by removing the cvc and antibiotics without surgical drainage. removing the cvc and the combined antibiotics without preventing the neutrophil engraftment could avoid surgical drainage in pyomyositis due to s. maltophilia when detected in an ...201626918735
stenotrophomonas maltophilia biofilm reduction by bdellovibrio exovorus.stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a bacterium ubiquitous in the environment, is also an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant human pathogen that colonizes tissues and medical devices via biofilm formation. we investigated the ability of an isolate from sewage of the bacterial predator bdellovibrio exovorus to disrupt preformed biofilms of 18 strains of s. maltophilia isolated from patients, hospital sink drains and water fountain drains. b. exovorus ffrs-5 preyed on all s. maltophilia strains in liqui ...201626929093
practical toolkit for monitoring endoscope reprocessing effectiveness: identification of viable bacteria on gastroscopes, colonoscopes, and bronchoscopes.experts have recommended microbiologic surveillance by external reference laboratories for certain flexible endoscopes. there is currently insufficient evidence on the feasibility and utility of cultures. researchers evaluated a preassembled toolkit for collecting and processing samples from endoscopes.201626952038
selenite biotransformation and detoxification by stenotrophomonas maltophilia seite02: novel clues on the route to bacterial biogenesis of selenium nanoparticles.a putative biosynthetic mechanism for selenium nanoparticles (senps) and efficient reduction of selenite (seo3(2-)) in the bacterial strain stenotrophomonas maltophilia seite02 are addressed here on the basis of information gained by a combined approach relying on a set of physiological, chemical/biochemical, microscopy, and proteomic analyses. s. maltophilia seite02 is demonstrated to efficiently transform selenite into elemental selenium (se°) by reducing 100% of 0.5mm of this toxic oxyanion t ...201726952084
effects of efflux pump inhibitors on colistin resistance in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.we tested the effects of various putative efflux pump inhibitors on colistin resistance in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. addition of 10 mg/liter cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (cccp) to the test medium could significantly decrease the mics of colistin-resistant strains. time-kill assays showed cccp could reverse colistin resistance and inhibit the regrowth of the resistant subpopulation, especially in acinetobacter baumannii and stenotrophomonas maltophilia these results suggest c ...201626953203
prevalence, risk factors and molecular epidemiology of highly resistant gram negative rods in hospitalized patients in the dutch region kennemerland.this paper describes (1) the highly resistant gram negative rod (hr-gnr) prevalence rate, (2) their genotypes, acquired resistance genes and (3) associated risk factors of hr-gnr colonization among the hospitalized population in the dutch region kennemerland.201626962447
genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain smas1, isolated from the asian malaria mosquito anopheles stephensi.an isolate of stenotrophomonas maltophilia was cultured from the asian malaria vector anopheles stephensi. here, we present the annotated draft genome sequence of this s. maltophilia strain. this genomic resource will facilitate further characterization of bacteria associated with mosquitoes.201626966198
bacteriophages or bacteriovores - that is the question: variations on the theme of eating stenotrophomonas maltophilia. 201626971712
organoselenium polymer inhibits biofilm formation in polypropylene contact lens case material.contact lens-acquired bacterial infections are a serious problem. of the reported cases, inadequate cleaning of the lens case was the most common cause of lens contamination. organoselenium has been shown to inhibit bacterial attachment to different polymer materials. this study evaluates the ability of an organoselenium monomer, incorporated into the polymer of a polypropylene contact lens case coupon, to block the formation of biofilms in a lens case.201726974534
inactivation of lytic transglycosylases increases susceptibility to aminoglycosides and macrolides by altering the outer membrane permeability of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia harbors six lytic transglycosylases (lts): mlta, mltb1, mltb2, mltd1, mltd2, and slt lt deletion increased susceptibility of s. maltophilia to aminoglycosides (ags) and macrolides, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. the expression of ag-modifying enzymes and efflux pumps was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-pcr (qrt-pcr). susceptibility to 1-n-phenylnaphthylamine, vancomycin, sds, and bile salts was measured to assess outer membrane perme ...201626976867
oxazolidinone antimicrobials: a patent review (2012-2015).antimicrobial resistance in gram-positive bacteria is a major health care issue. this review summarizes patent publications from 2012 to 2015 that divulged novel oxazolidinones as antibacterial agents.201626998627
evaluation of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (sxt), minocycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, and ceftazidime alone and in combinations for sxt-susceptible and sxt-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia by in vitro time-kill experiments.the optimal therapy for infections caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia (s. maltophilia) has not yet been established. the objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (sxt), minocycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, polymyxin e, chloramphenicol, and ceftazidime against clinical isolated s. maltophilia strains by susceptibility testing and carried out time-kill experiments in potential antimicrobials.201626999818
characterization of a salt-activated protease with temperature-dependent secretion in stenotrophomonas maltophilia ff11 isolated from frozen antarctic krill.seafood is sometimes wasted due to the growth of psychrotolerant microbes which secrete proteases and break down proteins. stenotrophomonas maltophilia ff11, isolated from frozen antarctic krill, grows at a wide range of temperatures and secretes more proteases at low temperatures. according to zymogram analysis, two kinds of proteases were produced from this strain. a major protease was produced largely at 15 °c, but not at 37 °c. the temperature-dependent secreted protease was purified to homo ...201627001262
isolation and identification of biocellulose-producing bacterial strains from malaysian acidic fruits.biocellulose (bc) is pure extracellular cellulose produced by several species of micro-organisms that has numerous applications in the food, biomedical and paper industries. however, the existing biocellulose-producing bacterial strain with high yield was limited. the aim of this study was to isolate and identify the potential biocellulose-producing bacterial isolates from malaysian acidic fruits. one hundred and ninety-three bacterial isolates were obtained from 19 local acidic fruits collected ...201627002476
isolation and characterization of stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from a brazilian hospital.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen responsible for several infections in immunocompromised patients. to characterize the antimicrobial resistance and virulence potential of this microorganism in a brazilian hospital, a total of 936 samples were collected from a nosocomial environment and medical devices, and 100 isolates from clinical specimens were obtained in the same hospital. s. maltophilia was found in 3% of the samples collected, especially in bed rails from ho ...201627007167
genome sequence of type strains of genus stenotrophomonas.genomic resource of type strains and historically important strains of genus stenotrophomonas allowed us to reveal the existence of 18 distinct species by applying modern phylogenomic criterions. apart from stenotrophomonas maltophilia, s. africana represents another species of clinical importance. interestingly, pseudomonas hibsicola, p. beteli, and s. pavani that are of plant origin are closer to s. maltophilia than the majority of the environmental isolates. the genus has an open pan-genome. ...201627014232
bacterial and fungal contamination risks in human oocyte and embryo cryopreservation: open versus closed vitrification systems.to study the contamination risk in open and closed vitrification devices for oocyte/embryo cryopreservation by evaluating the contaminants present (bacteria and fungi) in the thaw medium and in liquid nitrogen (ln) storage containers.201627025548
utility of serological tests in the era of molecular testing for diagnosis of human brucellosis in endemic area with limited resources.the culture has always been the gold standard test for diagnosis of human brucellosis but the conventional brucella diagnostic tests viz. serology and culture are often beset with poor specificity & sensitivity respectively. the culture positivity rates for brucella vary from 92% for bone marrow to 10% for non-blood samples and also dependent on the type of sample. the primary immune-determinant for brucella species is the cell wall surface lipopolysaccharide, which is antigenically similar to o ...201627042465
epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) amongst individuals with cystic fibrosis (cf).infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) is often associated with significant morbidity. limited, conflicting results are published regarding risk factors for pulmonary ntm disease. we analysed factors potentially associated with ntm in a large population of european patients with cf.201627050794
characteristics of superinfections during treatment with tigecycline.tigecycline has a broad-spectrum in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (mdr) strains. however, some gram-negative bacteria are intrinsically resistant or have reduced susceptibility to tigecycline. we performed a prospective, observational study of 43 patients who received tigecycline as the treatment for serious infections due to mdr gram-negative microorganisms, to evaluate superinfections. in 60.5% of our patients, tigecycline-resist ...201627077933
biotreatment of petrochemical wastewater: a case study from northern tunisia.a full-scale study has been conducted to assess the bioaugmentation efficiency of trickling filter process to treat petrochemical wastewater from a lubricant industry recycling waste oils. during 45 weeks, the organic loading rate (olr) in the trickling filter was increased stepwise from 0.9 to 4 kg of chemical oxygen demand (cod)/(m3·day) at the end of the upgrading period as the flow rate (fr) reached the value of 30 m3/day. the removal, obtained in terms of percentage, for cod ranged from 60 ...201727094680
clinical characteristics of stenotrophomonas maltophilia keratitis.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important opportunistic pathogen but an uncommon cause of corneal infections. this study aimed to report the clinical features, antibiotic susceptibility, treatments, and visual outcomes of s. maltophilia keratitis.201627100655
removal of cadmium by bioflocculant produced by stenotrophomonas maltophilia using phenol-containing wastewater.bioflocculants have been applied in numerous applications including heavy metals removal. a major bottleneck for commercial application of bioflocculant is its high production cost. phenol-containing wastewater are abundantly available. however, the toxic phenol inhibited the microbial activities in the subsequent fermentation processes. consequently, strains that can secrete phenol-degrading enzymes and simultaneously produce bioflocculants through directly degrading the phenol are of academic ...201627108374
minocycline activity tested against acinetobacter baumannii complex, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and burkholderia cepacia species complex isolates from a global surveillance program (2013).clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii complex (1312), stenotrophomonas maltophilia (464), and burkholderia cepacia species complex (30) were selected from medical centers in the united states (usa), europe and the mediterranean (eu-m) region, latin america, and asia pacific. only one isolate per infected patient episode was included and local identifications were confirmed by the monitoring laboratory. susceptibility testing was performed at the monitoring laboratory using the reference b ...201627112832
cloning and characterization of a novel lipase from stenotrophomonas maltophilia gs11: the first member of a new bacterial lipase family xvi.bacterial lipases are an important group of enzymes that offer enormous potential in organic synthesis, and there is considerable interest in identifying and developing novel bacterial lipases. in previous studies, strains of the genus stenotrophomonas were proved to be potential source of lipases, but there is little genetic information describing lipase from the genus stenotrophomonas. we have cloned and characterized a novel lipase (lipsm54), the first lipase described from the genus stenotro ...201627117245
emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia in blood isolates causing bacteremia: molecular epidemiology and microbiologic characteristics.among 127 stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates causing bacteremia, 41 (32.3%) were nonsusceptible to levofloxacin, in which four sequence types and 24 diverse allelic profiles were detected. the most prevalent st was st77 (n = 8, 19.5%), followed by st28 (n = 3, 7.3%). amino acid substitutions were found in the gyrb and parc genes of 10 and 1 isolates, respectively. no amino acid substitutions were identified in gyra. twenty-three (56.1%) isolates showed amino acid substitutions in the pare gen ...201627117514
in vitro volatile organic compound profiling using gc×gc-tofms to differentiate bacteria associated with lung infections: a proof-of-concept study.chronic pulmonary infections are the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with cystic fibrosis (cf). due to the polymicrobial nature of these infections, the identification of the particular bacterial species responsible is an essential step in diagnosis and treatment. current diagnostic procedures are time-consuming, and can also be expensive, invasive and unpleasant in the absence of spontaneously expectorated sputum. the development of a rapid, non-invasive methodology ca ...201627120170
isolation of bacterial strains able to metabolize lignin and lignin-related compounds.in this study, we identified five strains isolated from soil and sediments able to degrade kraft lignin, aromatic dyes and lignin derivatives. using 16s rrna gene sequencing, the isolates were identified as serratia sp. jht01, serratia liquefacien pt01, pseudomonas chlororaphis pt02, stenotrophomonas maltophilia pt03 and mesorhizobium sp. pt04. all the isolates showed significant growth on lignin with no water-extractable compounds. synthetic aromatic dyes were used to assess the presence of oxi ...201627125750
antibacterial activity of blue light against nosocomial wound pathogens growing planktonically and as mature biofilms.the blue wavelengths within the visible light spectrum are intrinisically antimicrobial and can photodynamically inactivate the cells of a wide spectrum of bacteria (gram positive and negative) and fungi. furthermore, blue light is equally effective against both drug-sensitive and -resistant members of target species and is less detrimental to mammalian cells than is uv radiation. blue light is currently used for treating acnes vulgaris and helicobacter pylori infections; the utility for deconta ...201627129967
sideromimic modification of lactivicin dramatically increases potency against extensively drug-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates.acetamido derivatives of the naturally antibacterial non-β-lactam lactivicin (ltv) have improved activity against their penicillin binding protein targets and reduced hydrolysis by β-lactamases, but penetration into gram-negative bacteria is still relatively poor. here we report that modification of the ltv lactone with a catechol-type siderophore increases potency 1,000-fold against stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a species renowned for its insusceptibility to antimicrobials. the mic90 of modifie ...201627139464
the effects of sodium hypochlorite against selected drinking water-isolated bacteria in planktonic and sessile states. 201627156214
stenotrophomonas maltophilia phop, a two-component response regulator, involved in antimicrobial susceptibilities.stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a gram-negative bacterium, has increasingly emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen. it is well-known for resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents including cationic antimicrobial polypeptides (caps). resistance to polymyxin b, a kind of caps, is known to be controlled by the two-component system phopq. to unravel the role of phopq in polymyxin b resistance of s. maltophilia, a phop mutant was constructed. we found mics of polymyxin b, chloramphenicol, am ...201627159404
draft genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia cbf10-1, an organophosphate-degrading bacterium isolated from ranch soil in fairchilds, texas.stenotrophomonas maltophilia cbf10-1 was isolated from a ranch in fairchilds, texas, usa. its genome reveals a highly adaptable microorganism with a large complement of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes, efflux pumps, multidrug transporters, and xenobiotic degradation pathways.201627174285
a single-center, six-year evaluation of the role of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in suspected burn center outbreaks.pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) has been used as an adjunct to traditional hospital epidemiology in numerous outbreak investigations, including in burn centers. however, its most effective real-world application remains unclear, with few longitudinal descriptions of use.201627180602
antimicrobial susceptibility of hospital acquired stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolate biofilms.we sought to characterize the antibiotic susceptibility of strains of stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from clinical samples, and the role of stenotrophomonas maltophilia biofilm in antibiotic resistance.201727183359
proteomic analysis of outer membrane proteins and vesicles of a clinical isolate and a collection strain of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative pathogen with emerging nosocomial incidence that displays a high genomic diversity, complicating the study of its pathogenicity, virulence and resistance factors. the interaction of bacterial pathogens with host cells is largely mediated by outer membrane proteins (omps). indeed, several omps of gram-negative bacteria have been recognized as important virulence factors and targets for host immune recognition or to be involved in mechanisms of resis ...201627185551
stenotrophomonas maltophilia ventilator-associated pneumonia. a retrospective matched case-control study.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasingly identified in critically ill patients, but it is considered a pathogen with limited pathogenicity and it is therefore infrequently targeted. this study explores whether s. maltophilia may cause ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) and whether it affects intensive care unit (icu) mortality and 28-day mortality when compared to vap caused by other gram-negative bacilli.201627207483
isolation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in asymptomatic lung transplant recipients: effects of treatment on eradication and outcome.in this retrospective, single-center data analysis, we audited our clinical practice to treat stenotrophomonas maltophilia in asymptomatic lung transplant recipients (ltrs). eighteen ltrs with confirmed isolation of s. maltophilia were identified. twelve of these ltrs have been treated with antibiotics, while 6 were managed without treatment. treatment was based on antibiograms (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [tmp/smx] (8/12), levofloxacin (1/12), or both (3/12). clearance (12/12 vs 6/6), eradica ...201627219076
effects of endobacterium (stenotrophomonas maltophilia) on pathogenesis-related gene expression of pine wood nematode (bursaphelenchus xylophilus) and pine wilt disease.pine wilt disease (pwd) caused by the pine wood nematode (pwn), bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is responsible for devastating epidemics in pine trees in asia and europe. recent studies showed that bacteria carried by the pwn might be involved in pwd. however, the molecular mechanism of the interaction between bacteria and the pwn remained unclear. now that the whole genome of b. xylophilus (bursaphelenchus xylophilus) is published, transcriptome analysis is a unique method to study the role played ...201627231904
new insight into microbial diversity and functions in traditional vietnamese alcoholic fermentation.the roles of microorganisms in traditional alcoholic fermentation are often assumed based on abundance in the starter and activity in pure culture. there is a serious lack of hard evidence on the behavior and activity of individual microbial species during the actual fermentation process. in this study, microbial succession and metabolite changes during 7days of traditional vietnamese alcoholic fermentation were monitored. special attention was devoted to starch degradation. in total, 22 microbi ...201627236224
stenotrophomonas maltophilia olec-catalyzed atp-dependent formation of long-chain z-olefins from 2-alkyl-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids.the bacterial pathway of olefin biosynthesis starts with olea catalyzed "head-to-head" condensation of two coa-activated long-chain fatty acids to generate (r)-2-alkyl-3-ketoalkanoic acids. a subsequent oled-catalyzed reduction generates (2r,3s)-2-alkyl-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids. we now show that the final step in the pathway is an olec-catalyzed atp-dependent decarboxylative dehydration to form the corresponding z olefins. higher kcat /km values were seen for substrates with longer alkyl chains. ...201627238740
in vitro activity of levofloxacin against planktonic and biofilm stenotrophomonas maltophilia lifestyles under conditions relevant to pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis, and relationship with smedef multidrug efflux pump expression.the activity of levofloxacin against planktonic and biofilm stenotrophomonas maltophilia cells and the role played by the multidrug efflux pump smedef were evaluated under conditions relevant to the cystic fibrosis (cf) lung. mic, mbc and mbec of levofloxacin were assessed, against five cf strains, under 'standard' (clsi-recommended) and 'cf-like' (ph 6.8, 5% co2, in a synthetic cf sputum) conditions. levofloxacin was tested against biofilms at concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μg ml(-1)) correspon ...201627242375
comparative activity of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin against klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed by minimum inhibitory concentrations and time-kill studies.the aim of this study was to compare the in vitro susceptibility of klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and stenotrophomonas maltophilia to three fluoroquinolones. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin were examined by e-test® for a total of 40 k. pneumoniae strains, 40 s. maltophilia strains and 40 p. aeruginosa strains. then, the bactericidal activity of these fluoroquinolones was investigated on five strains of each bacterial sp ...201627257956
microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of febrile neutropenic patients in ‹bn-i sina hospital.patients with profound neutropenia have increased risk of septicemia associated with significant morbidity. to provide the appropriate broad-spectrum antimicrobial cover, documentation of causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibilities should be established in each hospital. during 2001 in ibn-i sina hospital hematology unit, among 125 isolates from blood cultures of febrile neutropenic patients, gram-negative bacteria was prevalent (56.8%). among the gram-positives (34.4% of isolates) ...200327263519
comparative effects of wild type stenotrophomonas maltophilia and its indole acetic acid-deficient mutants on wheat.the present investigation evaluated the role of stenotrophomonas maltophilia and its iaa-deficient mutant on soil health and plant growth under salinity stress in the presence of tryptophan. in the first phase, s. maltophilia isolated from roots of the halo- phytic herb, cenchrus ciliaris was used as bio-inoculant on wheat grown in saline sodic soil. a field experiment was conducted at soil salinity research institute during 2010-2011. treatments included seed inoculation with s. maltophilia wit ...201627263526
in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bmap-derived peptides for the treatment of cystic fibrosis-related pulmonary infections.patients with cystic fibrosis require pharmacological treatment against chronic lung infections. the alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides bmap-27 and bmap-28 have shown to be highly active in vitro against planktonic and sessile forms of multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia cystic fibrosis strains. to develop small antibacterial peptides for therapeutic use, we tested shortened/modified bmap fragments, and selected the one with the h ...201627270571
isolation and characterization of α-endosulfan degrading bacteria from the microflora of cockroaches.extensive applications of organochlorine pesticides like endosulfan have led to the contamination of soil and environments. five different bacteria were isolated from cockroaches living in pesticide contaminated environments. according to morphological, physiological, biochemical properties, and total cellular fatty acid profile by fatty acid methyl esters (fames), the isolates were identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa g1, stenotrophomonas maltophilia g2, bacillus atrophaeus g3, citrobacter amol ...201627281995
tigecycline antimicrobial activity tested against clinical bacteria from latin american medical centres: results from sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (2011-2014).bacterial organisms (n = 13,494) were consecutively collected in 2011-2014 from 21 latin american medical centres (11 nations). antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution at a central laboratory. tigecycline was very active against gram-positive organisms, with mic50/90 values of 0.06/0.06 µg/ml for staphylococcus aureus (n = 2878), 0.06/0.12 µg/ml for coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 880), 0.06/0.06 µg/ml for enterococci (n = 708) and ≤0.03/≤0.03-0.06 µg/ml for stre ...201627291285
levofloxacin efflux and smed in clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the first-line antimicrobial combination for stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. however, allergy or intolerance and increasing resistance limit the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. quinolones can be used as an alternative therapeutic option, but resistance can emerge rapidly during therapy. we analyzed the contribution of smeabc and smedef efflux pumps to levofloxacin resistance in clinical isolates of s. maltophilia. nonduplicate clinical isolates of ...201727294684
in vitro assessment of the antimicrobial efficacy of optimized nitroglycerin-citrate-ethanol as a nonantibiotic, antimicrobial catheter lock solution for prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections.the rapid, broad-spectrum, biofilm-eradicating activity of the combination of 0.01% nitroglycerin, 7% citrate, and 20% ethanol and its potential as a nonantibiotic, antimicrobial catheter lock solution (acls) were previously reported. here, a nitroglycerin-citrate-ethanol (nice) acls optimized for clinical assessment was developed by reducing the nitroglycerin and citrate concentrations and increasing the ethanol concentration. biofilm-eradicating activity was sustained when the ethanol concentr ...201627297475
improved catalytic efficiency, thermophilicity, anti-salt and detergent tolerance of keratinase kersmd by partially truncation of ppc domain.the keratinase from stenotrophomonas maltophilia (kersmd) is known for its high activity and ph stability in keratin degradation. however, catalytic efficiency and detergent tolerability need to be improved in order to be used for industrial application. in this work, we obtained several keratinase variants with enhanced catalytic efficiency, thermophilicity, and anti-salt and detergent tolerability by partially truncating the ppc domain of kersmd. the variants all showed improved catalytic effi ...201627298079
cross-class metallo-β-lactamase inhibition by bisthiazolidines reveals multiple binding modes.metallo-β-lactamases (mbls) hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antibiotics and are unaffected by clinically available β-lactamase inhibitors (βlis). active-site architecture divides mbls into three classes (b1, b2, and b3), complicating development of βlis effective against all enzymes. bisthiazolidines (btzs) are carboxylate-containing, bicyclic compounds, considered as penicillin analogs with an additional free thiol. here, we show both l- and d-btz enantiomers are micromolar competitive βlis of al ...201627303030
increase in the prevalence of resistance determinants to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in clinical stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates in china.this study was carried to reveal the genetic mechanisms of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (sxt) resistance.201627310255
biogenic selenium nanoparticles: characterization, antimicrobial activity and effects on human dendritic cells and fibroblasts.tailored nanoparticles offer a novel approach to fight antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. we analysed biogenic selenium nanoparticles (senps) of bacterial origin to determine their antimicrobial activity against selected pathogens in their planktonic and biofilm states. senps synthesized by gram-negative stenotrophomonas maltophilia [sm-senps(-)] and gram-positive bacillus mycoides [bm-senps(+)] were active at low minimum inhibitory concentrations against a number of clinical isolates of pseud ...201627319803
increasing incidence of multidrug resistance among cystic fibrosis respiratory bacterial isolates.pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus are common pathogens in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients with increasing multidrug resistance (mdr). this study characterized antimicrobial susceptibility trends among organisms isolated from the respiratory tract of cf patients. microbiological culture and sensitivity results for all cf patients were collected from january 2010 through december 2014. minimum inhibitory concentrations were obtained using phoenix(®) and etest(®) methods. clinical and ...201727326758
major facilitator superfamily mfsa contributes to multidrug resistance in emerging nosocomial pathogen stenotrophomonas maltophilia. 201627334664
longitudinal study of stenotrophomonas maltophilia antibody levels and outcomes in cystic fibrosis patients.previous studies have shown an association between higher stenotrophomonas maltophilia antibody levels and decreased lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). the purpose of this study was to assess the serologic response to s. maltophilia over time and to determine whether changes in antibody levels could predict clinical outcomes.201727346471
antibiotics resistance of stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from various clinical specimens.a limited number of antibiotics are recommended for the therapy of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections due to therapy difficulties caused by its numerous mechanisms of resistance.201627358626
fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia: don't forget stenotrophomonas maltophilia.we present a case of fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia secondary to stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. s. maltophilia is commonly a non-virulent pathogen. however, in the immunocompromised, it is generally associated with bacteremia after central venous catheter placement or pneumonia. hemorrhagic pneumonia is a rare presentation of this bacteria, with only 31 cases reported in the literature, and has 100% mortality within 72 hours. rapid recognition and early suspi ...201627358764
microbial ecosystem analysis in root canal infections refractory to endodontic treatment.the purpose of this study was to combine multiple displacement amplification and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the microbiota present in infections refractory to endodontic treatment.201627377440
effects of fluoroquinolones and azithromycin on biofilm formation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen that causes respiratory and urinary tract infections, as well as wound infections in immunocompromised patients. this pathogen is difficult to treat due to increased resistance to many antimicrobial agents. we investigated the in vitro biofilm formation of s. maltophilia, including effects of fluoroquinolones (fqs) and azithromycin on biofilm formation. the organism initiated attachment to polystyrene surfaces after a 4 h incubation perio ...201627405358
antibiotic treatment for stenotrophomonas maltophilia in people with cystic fibrosis.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is one of the most common emerging multi-drug resistant organisms found in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis and its prevalence is increasing. chronic infection with stenotrophomonas maltophilia has recently been shown to be an independent predictor of pulmonary exacerbation requiring hospitalization and antibiotics. however, the role of antibiotic treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in people with cystic fibrosis is still unclear. this is an u ...201627415821
biotransformation of tetracycline by a novel bacterial strain stenotrophomonas maltophilia dt1.although several abiotic processes have been reported that can transform antibiotics, little is known about whether and how microbiological processes may degrade antibiotics in the environment. this work isolated one tetracycline degrading bacterial strain, stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain dt1, and characterized the biotransformation of tetracycline by dt1 under various environmental conditions. the biotransformation rate was the highest when the initial ph was 9 and the reaction temperature ...201627420384
treatment of polymicrobial osteomyelitis with ceftolozane-tazobactam: case report and sensitivity testing of isolates.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an inherently multidrug resistant (mdr) opportunistic pathogen with many mechanisms of resistance. sentry studies reveal decreasing sensitivities of s. maltophilia to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones. ceftolozane-tazobactam (zerbaxa, merck & co., inc.) a novel intravenous combination agent of a third-generation cephalosporin and β-lactamase inhibitor was demonstrated to have in vitro activity against many gram-positive, gram-negative, and mdr org ...201627437155
genomic potential of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in bioremediation with an assessment of its multifaceted role in our environment.the gram negative bacterium stenotrophomonas is rapidly evolving as a nosocomial pathogen in immuno-compromised patients. treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections is problematic because of their increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics. this article aims to review the multi-disciplinary role of stenotrophomonas in our environment with special focus on their metabolic and genetic potential in relation to bioremediation and phytoremediation. current and emerging treatments and dia ...201627446008
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