Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| rapid and specific detection of porcine parvovirus using real-time pcr and high resolution melting (hrm) analysis. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is the important causative agent for infectious infertility, which is a fairly tough virus that multiplies normally in the intestine of pigs without causing clinical signs in the world. | 2015 | 25879634 |
| fatal disease associated with swine hepatitis e virus and porcine circovirus 2 co-infection in four weaned pigs in china. | in recent decades, porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) infection has been recognized as the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, and has become a threat to the swine industry. hepatitis e virus (hev) is another high prevalent pathogen in swine in many regions of the world. pcv2 and hev are both highly prevalent in pig farms in china. | 2015 | 25889526 |
| [real-time pcr kits for the detection of the african swine fever virus]. | the results obtained using the diagnostic kit based on real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the dna of the african swine fever in the pathological material, as well as in the culture fluid, are presented. a high sensitivity and specificity for detection of the dna in the organs and tissues of animals was shown to be useful for detection in the european union referentiality reagent kits for dna detection by real time pcr of asfv. more rapid and effective method of dna extraction using co ... | 2014 | 25895212 |
| pkr activation enhances replication of classical swine fever virus in pk-15 cells. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious swine disease that is responsible for economic losses worldwide. protein kinase r (pk)r is an important protein in the host viral response; however, the role of pkr in csfv infection remains unknown. this issue was addressed in the present study using the pk-15 swine kidney cell line. we found that csfv infection increased the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eif)2α and its kinase pkr. however, the expression of viral ... | 2015 | 25899421 |
| cd2v interacts with adaptor protein ap-1 during african swine fever infection. | african swine fever virus (asfv) cd2v protein is believed to be involved in virulence enhancement, viral hemadsorption, and pathogenesis, although the molecular mechanisms of the function of this viral protein are still not fully understood. here we describe that cd2v localized around viral factories during asfv infection, suggesting a role in the generation and/or dynamics of these viral structures and hence in disturbing cellular traffic. we show that cd2v targeted the regulatory trans-golgi n ... | 2015 | 25915900 |
| course and transmission characteristics of oral low-dose infection of domestic pigs and european wild boar with a caucasian african swine fever virus isolate. | in 2007, african swine fever virus (asfv) was introduced into the transcaucasian countries and russia. since then, it has spread alarmingly and reached the european union. asfv strains are highly virulent and lead to almost 100% mortality under experimental conditions. however, the possibility of dose-dependent disease courses has been discussed. for this reason, a study was undertaken to assess the risk of chronic disease and the establishment of carriers upon low-dose oronasal infection of dom ... | 2015 | 25916610 |
| evaluation of the risk factors contributing to the african swine fever occurrence in sardinia, italy. | this study assesses the relation between hypothesized risk factors and african swine fever virus (asfv) distribution in sardinia (italy) after the beginning of the eradication program in 1993, using a bayesian multivariable logistic regression mixed model. results indicate that the probability of asfv occurrence in sardinia was associated to particular socio-cultural, productive and economical factors found in the region, particularly to large number of confined (i.e., closed) farms (most of the ... | 2015 | 25926829 |
| genome sequence of classical swine fever virus genotype 1.1 with a genetic marker of attenuation detected in a continuous porcine cell line. | the complete genome sequencing and analysis of a classical swine fever virus (csfv) detected in a porcine kidney cell line revealed a close relationship with genotype 1.1 viruses circulating in india and china. the presence of consecutive t insertions in the 3' untranslated region (utr), as seen in vaccine strains of csfv, suggested some degree of attenuation. | 2015 | 25931601 |
| estimating the basic reproductive number (r0) for african swine fever virus (asfv) transmission between pig herds in uganda. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious, lethal and economically devastating haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs. insights into the dynamics and scale of virus transmission can be obtained from estimates of the basic reproduction number (r0). we estimate r0 for asf virus in small holder, free-range pig production system in gulu, uganda. the estimation was based on data collected from outbreaks that affected 43 villages (out of the 289 villages with an overall pig population of 26,570) ... | 2015 | 25938429 |
| postnatal persistent infection with classical swine fever virus and its immunological implications. | it is well established that trans-placental transmission of classical swine fever virus (csfv) during mid-gestation can lead to persistently infected offspring. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of csfv to induce viral persistence upon early postnatal infection. two litters of 10 piglets each were infected intranasally on the day of birth with low and moderate virulence csfv isolates, respectively. during six weeks after postnatal infection, most of the piglets remained cl ... | 2015 | 25938664 |
| the assessment of african swine fever virus risk to belgium early 2014, using the quick and semiquantitative pandora screening protocol. | a risk assessment was organized during the early eu asf outbreaks of early 2014 (february-april) and performed in cooperation with 15 belgian and european experts on asfv and its epidemiology in pigs/wild boar. african swine fever (asf) is considered as one of the most dangerous infectious pig diseases, causing many outbreaks. since the end of 2013 - early 2014, several outbreaks within the european union (lithuania, poland, estonia and latvia) were reported to oie, which prompted several risk a ... | 2017 | 25939453 |
| transfection of rna from organ samples of infected animals represents a highly sensitive method for virus detection and recovery of classical swine fever virus. | translation and replication of positive stranded rna viruses are directly initiated in the cellular cytoplasm after uncoating of the viral genome. accordingly, infectious virus can be generated by transfection of rna genomes into susceptible cells. in the present study, efficiency of conventional virus isolation after inoculation of cells with infectious sample material was compared to virus recovery after transfection of total rna derived from organ samples of pigs infected with classical swine ... | 2015 | 25961582 |
| phylogeographic analysis of african swine fever virus based on the p72 gene sequence. | african swine fever virus (asfv) outbreak has been considered as an emerging and re-emerging disease for almost a century. diagnostically, simple polymerase chain reaction and sequencing-based molecular detection could be employed for both viral identification and genotyping. this study established a novel phylogenetic analysis and epidemiology comparison based on 205 bp of p72 gene sequences. based on this partial p72 fragment, an updated list of 44 different genotypes from a total of 516 asfv ... | 2015 | 25966230 |
| direct coating of culture medium from cells secreting classical swine fever virus e2 antigen on elisa plates for detection of e2-specific antibodies. | the envelope glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is widely used as a marker for measuring vaccine efficacy and antibody titer. the glycosylation profile of e2 may affect the immunogenicity of the vaccine and the timing of re-vaccination. in this study, a human embryonic kidney cell line was used to secrete fully-glycosylated csfv e2, which was then coated onto elisa plates without purification or adjustment. the resulting e2-secreting medium-direct-coating (e2-mdc) elisa was su ... | 2015 | 25975854 |
| classical swine fever virus marker vaccine strain cp7_e2alf: shedding and dissemination studies in boars. | over the last decade, pestivirus chimaera cp7_e2alf has proven to be a most promising marker vaccine candidate against classical swine fever (csf). to provide further background data for the risk assessment towards licensing and release, especially on presence of the vaccine chimaera in faeces, urine, and organs of the male reproductive tract, supplementary studies were carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. in detail, the shedding and dissemination pattern of suvaxyn(®) csf marker ... | 2015 | 25980427 |
| experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for african swine fever virus, georgia 2007/1 strain. | african swine fever virus (asfv) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar in eastern european countries. to gain insights into its transmission dynamics, we estimated the pig-to-pig basic reproduction number (r 0) for the georgia 2007/1 asfv strain using a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (seir) model with parameters estimated from transmission experiments. models showed that r 0 is 2·8 [95% confidence interval (ci) 1·3-4·8] within a pen and 1·4 (95% ci 0·6- ... | 2016 | 25989921 |
| treatment with interferon-alpha delays disease in swine infected with a highly virulent csfv strain. | interferon-alpha (ifnα) can effectively inhibit or abort a viral infection within the host. it has been reported that ifn induction and production is hindered during classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection. most of those studies have been performed in vitro, making it difficult to elucidate the actual role of ifns during csfv infection in swine. here, we report the effect of ifnα treatment (delivered by a replication defective recombinant human adenovirus type 5, ad5) in swine experimentall ... | 2015 | 26004252 |
| enhanced expression of the erns protein of classical swine fever virus in yeast and its application in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. | classical swine fever (csf), caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), is a devastating disease of swine worldwide. although a mandatory vaccination with the modified live vaccine c-strain has been implemented in china for decades, csf remains a serious threat to the swine industry. to facilitate the control and eradication of csf in china, the e2-based marker vaccine radv-sfv-e2, an adenovirus-delivered, alphavirus replicon-vectored vaccine, has been developed. accordingly, an accompanying ... | 2015 | 26005003 |
| intracellular membrane association of the n-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus ns4b determines viral genome replication and virulence. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes a highly contagious disease in pigs that can range from a severe haemorrhagic fever to a nearly unapparent disease, depending on the virulence of the virus strain. little is known about the viral molecular determinants of csfv virulence. the nonstructural protein ns4b is essential for viral replication. however, the roles of csfv ns4b in viral genome replication and pathogenesis have not yet been elucidated. ns4b of the gpe- vaccine strain and of the hi ... | 2015 | 26018962 |
| a new subgenotype 2.1d isolates of classical swine fever virus in china, 2014. | the lapinized attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever (csf) has been used in china for over half a century and has generally prevented large-scale outbreaks in recent years. however, since late 2014, a large number of new cases of csf were detected in many immunized pig farms in china. several of these csv viruses were isolated and characterized. phylogenetic and genomic sequence analyses indicate that these new isolates, as well as some reference isolates, form a new subgenotype named ... | 2015 | 26031602 |
| thioredoxin 2 is a novel e2-interacting protein that inhibits the replication of classical swine fever virus. | the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an envelope glycoprotein that is involved in virus attachment and entry. to date, the e2-interacting cellular proteins and their involvement in viral replication have been poorly documented. in this study, thioredoxin 2 (trx2) was identified to be a novel e2-interacting partner using yeast two-hybrid screening from a porcine macrophage cdna library. trx2 is a mitochondrion-associated protein that participates in diverse cellular events. the ... | 2015 | 26041303 |
| complete genome sequence of a classical swine fever virus isolate belonging to a new subgenotype, 2.1c, from guangxi province, china. | the complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever strain (csfv), gxf29/2013, was determined in this study. this strain was originally isolated from infected pigs in guangxi province, china. the most significant difference in the amino acid sequence of the polyprotein from subgenotypes 2.1a and 2.1b is an spa→apv amino acid substitution at positions 88 and 90 in the e2 protein. | 2015 | 26044412 |
| genetic variability and distribution of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease that affects domestic and wild pigs worldwide. the causative agent of the disease is classical swine fever virus (csfv), which belongs to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. on the genome level, csfv can be divided into three genotypes with three to four sub-genotypes. those genotypes can be assigned to distinct geographical regions. knowledge about csfv diversity and distribution is important for the understanding of disease ... | 2015 | 26050570 |
| emerging pestiviruses infecting domestic and wildlife hosts. | until the early 1990 s there were just three recognized species in the pestivirus genus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). subsequently bvdv were divided into two different species, bvdv1 and bvdv2 and four additional putative pestivirus species have been identified, based on phylogenetic analysis. the four putative pestivirus specices, listed in chronological order of published reports, are giraffe (isolated from one of severa ... | 2015 | 26050572 |
| [on the situation of african swine fever and the biological characterization of recent virus isolates]. | african swine fever (asf), a disease notifiable to the world organization of animal health (oie), is characterized by severe, unspecific clinical signs and high mortality rates. hosts for asf virus (asfv) are only members of the family suidae and soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. currently, no vaccine is available and therefore, the control is primarily based on strict sanitary measures. the most important part is the early detection of the disease within affected animal holdings and the fas ... | 2015 | 26054220 |
| host cell targets for african swine fever virus. | viruses are strict intracellular pathogens that require the cellular environment to complete a successful infection. among them, african swine fever virus (asfv) is an evolutionary ancient dna virus, endemic in africa, which is nowadays causing an emergent disease in europe with a potential high economic impact in the pig industry. it is well known that host-cell components are critical crossroads mapping the virus path for a productive infection, some of them at the endocytic pathway. consideri ... | 2015 | 26057710 |
| african swine fever virus georgia 2007 with a deletion of virulence-associated gene 9gl (b119l), when administered at low doses, leads to virus attenuation in swine and induces an effective protection against homologous challenge. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of an often lethal disease of domestic pigs. disease control strategies have been hampered by the unavailability of vaccines against asfv. since its introduction in the republic of georgia, a highly virulent virus, asfv georgia 2007 (asfv-g), has caused an epizootic that spread rapidly into eastern european countries. currently no vaccines are available or under development to control asfv-g. in the past, genetically modified asfvs harbor ... | 2015 | 26063424 |
| recombinant encephalomyocarditis viruses elicit neutralizing antibodies against prrsv and csfv in mice. | encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) is capable of infecting a wide range of species and the infection can cause myocarditis and reproductive failure in pigs as well as febrile illness in human beings. in this study, we introduced the entire orf5 of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) or the neutralization epitope regions in the e2 gene of the classical swine fever virus (csfv), into the genome of a stably attenuated emcv strain, t1100i. the resultant viable recombinant ... | 2015 | 26076449 |
| african swine fever virus assembles a single membrane derived from rupture of the endoplasmic reticulum. | collective evidence argues that two members of the nucleocytoplasmic large dna viruses (ncldvs) acquire their membrane from open membrane intermediates, postulated to be derived from membrane rupture. we now study membrane acquisition of the ncldv african swine fever virus. by electron tomography (et), the virion assembles a single bilayer, derived from open membrane precursors that collect as ribbons in the cytoplasm. biochemically, lumenal endoplasmic reticulum (er) proteins are released into ... | 2015 | 26096327 |
| an eif2α-binding motif in protein phosphatase 1 subunit gadd34 and its viral orthologs is required to promote dephosphorylation of eif2α. | transient protein synthesis inhibition, mediated by phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eif2α), is an important protective mechanism cells use during stress conditions. following relief of the stress, the growth arrest and dna damage-inducible protein gadd34 associates with the broadly acting serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (pp1) to dephosphorylate eif2α. whereas the pp1-binding motif on gadd34 has been defined, it remains to be determined how g ... | 2015 | 26100893 |
| survival of african swine fever virus in excretions from pigs experimentally infected with the georgia 2007/1 isolate. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes a lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine which can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals and their excretions or indirect contact with contaminated fomites. the shedding of asfv by infected pigs and the stability of asfv in the environment will determine the extent of environmental contamination. the recent outbreaks of asf in europe make it essential to develop disease transmission models in order to design effective control strategies ... | 2017 | 26104842 |
| the molecular biology of pestiviruses. | pestiviruses are among the economically most important pathogens of livestock. the biology of these viruses is characterized by unique and interesting features that are both crucial for their success as pathogens and challenging from a scientific point of view. elucidation of these features at the molecular level has made striking progress during recent years. the analyses revealed that major aspects of pestivirus biology show significant similarity to the biology of human hepatitis c virus (hcv ... | 2015 | 26111586 |
| chinese border disease virus strain jsls12-01 infects piglets and down-regulates the antibody responses of classical swine fever virus c strain vaccination. | during 2012 and 2013, several border disease virus (bdv) strains were identified from chinese goat and sheep herds. at the same time, pigs from the same areas were found to be seropositive to bdv by elisa, without showing clinical signs (unpublished data). to examine the susceptibility of pigs to the chinese bdv strains, bdv isolate jsls12-01, isolated from naturally infected sheep, was used to infect pigs. antibody responses, viremia, clinical signs and pathological changes of the infected anim ... | 2015 | 26117151 |
| structures and functions of pestivirus glycoproteins: not simply surface matters. | pestiviruses, which include economically important animal pathogens such as bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus, possess three envelope glycoproteins, namely erns, e1, and e2. this article discusses the structures and functions of these glycoproteins and their effects on viral pathogenicity in cells in culture and in animal hosts. e2 is the most important structural protein as it interacts with cell surface receptors that determine cell tropism and induces neutralizing an ... | 2015 | 26131960 |
| ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches. | ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches represent a new class of simple switching modules that adopt well-defined ligand-free and bound conformational states, distinguishing them from metabolite-sensing riboswitches. initially discovered in the internal ribosome entry site (ires) of hepatitis c virus (hcv), these rna switch motifs were found in the genome of diverse other viruses. although large variations are seen in sequence and local secondary structure of the switches, their function in vi ... | 2015 | 26158858 |
| efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine in classical swine fever virus postnatally persistently infected pigs. | classical swine fever (csf) causes major losses in pig farming, with various degrees of disease severity. efficient live attenuated vaccines against classical swine fever virus (csfv) are used routinely in endemic countries. however, despite intensive vaccination programs in these areas for more than 20 years, csf has not been eradicated. molecular epidemiology studies in these regions suggests that the virus circulating in the field has evolved under the positive selection pressure exerted by t ... | 2015 | 26159607 |
| evaluation of an erns-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to distinguish classical swine fever virus-infected pigs from pigs vaccinated with cp7_e2alf. | infections with classical swine fever virus (csfv) are a major economic threat to pig production. to combat csf outbreaks and to maintain trade, new marker vaccines were developed that allow differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva principle). the chimeric pestivirus cp7_e2alf was shown to be safe and efficacious. its diva strategy is based on the detection of csfv e(rns)-specific antibodies that are only developed on infection. however, for the new marker vaccine to be consider ... | 2015 | 26179095 |
| [continuous cell subline a4c2/9k and its application to the african swine fever virus study]. | a new continuous cell subline a4c2/9k highly sensitive to the african swine fever virus (asfv) was prepared. all the tested asfv strains isolated in the russian federation in 2008-2013 proliferated in this cell culture exhibiting hemadsorption and accumulated at a titer of up to 6.5 ig hau50/cm3. the cell culture a4c2/9k can be used for asfv isolation or determination of its infectious activity and serotype identity. the culture versions of the asfv strain stavropol 01/08 at passages 24 and 33 i ... | 2015 | 26182658 |
| early intranuclear replication of african swine fever virus genome modifies the landscape of the host cell nucleus. | although african swine fever virus (asfv) replicates in viral cytoplasmic factories, the presence of viral dna within the host cell nucleus has been previously reported to be essential for productive infection. herein, we described, for the first time, the intranuclear distribution patterns of viral dna replication events, preceding those that occur in the cytoplasmic compartment. using brdu pulse-labelling experiments, newly synthesized asfv genomes were exclusively detected inside the host cel ... | 2015 | 26183880 |
| complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever virus belonging to subgenotype 2.1b from hunan province, china. | we report the complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv), hunan 23/2013, belonging to the predominant subgenotype 2.1b. this strain was originally isolated from diseased pigs in hunan province, china. this report will help in understanding the molecular diversity of csfv stains circulating in china and in selecting and developing a suitable vaccine candidate for csf control. | 2015 | 26205876 |
| the n-terminus of classical swine fever virus (csfv) nonstructural protein 2 modulates viral genome rna replication. | pestivirus nonstructural protein 2 (ns2) is a multifunctional, hydrophobic protein with an important but poorly understood role in viral rna replication and infectious virus production. in the present study, based on sequence analysis, we mutated several representative conserved residues within the n-terminus of ns2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and investigated how these mutations affected viral rna replication and infectious virus production. our results demonstrated that the mutation ... | 2015 | 26232654 |
| post-natal persistent infection with classical swine fever virus in wild boar: a strategy for viral maintenance? | in this study, fifteen wild boar piglets were intranasally inoculated <10 h after birth with the moderately virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain catalonia 01. at 5 days post-inoculation, seven other animals within 48 h of birth were put in contact with them. viral replication and innate and specific immune responses were evaluated. of the inoculated animals, 46.67% remained post-natally persistently infected and were apparently healthy with neither humoral nor cellular immunologica ... | 2017 | 26234886 |
| simultaneous detection of eight swine reproductive and respiratory pathogens using a novel gexp analyser-based multiplex pcr assay. | a new high-throughput genomelab gene expression profiler (gexp) analyser-based multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of eight reproductive and respiratory pathogens in swine. the reproductive and respiratory pathogens include north american porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv-na), classical swine fever virus (csfv), porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2), swine influenza virus (siv) (including h1 and h3 subtypes), porcine parvovirus (ppv), pseudorabies virus (prv) and ... | 2015 | 26259690 |
| analysis of ttsuv1b antibody in porcine serum and its correlation with four antibodies against common viral infectious diseases. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between torque teno sus virus 1b (ttsuv1b) infection and other viral infections or vaccine immunization in conventional pigs. | 2015 | 26260234 |
| eef1a interacts with the ns5a protein and inhibits the growth of classical swine fever virus. | the ns5a protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is involved in the rna synthesis and viral replication. however, the ns5a-interacting cellular proteins engaged in the csfv replication are poorly defined. using yeast two-hybrid screen, the eukaryotic elongation factor 1a (eef1a) was identified to be an ns5a-binding partner. the ns5a-eef1a interaction was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation, glutathione s-transferase (gst) pulldown and laser confocal microscopy assays. the domain i of eef1a ... | 2015 | 26266418 |
| complete genome sequence of classical swine fever virus strain jszl, belonging to a new subgenotype, 2.1d, isolated in china in 2014. | the complete genome sequence of classic swine fever virus (csfv) strain jszl was determined in this study. jszl was originally isolated from an immune pig farm in jiangsu province, china. jszl is more closely related to subgenotype 2.1b than to 2.1a and 2.1c. importantly, jszl was classified into a new subgenotype, 2.1d. | 2015 | 26294620 |
| genotyping of classical swine fever virus using high-resolution melt analysis. | discrimination between different field and vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is crucial for meaningful disease diagnosis and epidemiological investigation. in this study, a rapid method for differentiating vaccine strains and outbreak csfv isolates by combined rt-pcr and high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis has been developed. the assay is based on pcr amplification of short fragments from the most variable region of csfvgene e2, followed by hrm analysis of amplicons. real-tim ... | 2015 | 26300371 |
| first molecular assessment of the african swine fever virus status of ornithodoros ticks from swaziland. | african swine fever (asf) is an economically significant haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs. it is caused by the african swine fever virus (asfv), a deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)arbovirus. argasid ticks of the genus ornithodoros, which are widely distributed throughout southern africa, play a primary role in virus maintenance and spread within the endemic sylvatic cycle. the asf status of swaziland is unknown, but this land-locked country is surrounded by asf-positive countries, has a burgeonin ... | 2014 | 26304186 |
| generation and efficacy evaluation of a recombinant pseudorabies virus variant expressing the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus in pigs. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important infectious disease of pigs caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv). pseudorabies (pr), which is caused by pseudorabies virus (prv), is another important infectious disease of pigs and other animals. coinfections of pigs with prv and csfv occur occasionally in the field. the modified live vaccine bartha-k61 strain has played an important role in the control of pr in many countries, including china. since late 2011, however, increasing ... | 2015 | 26311244 |
| experimental infection of ornithodoros erraticus sensu stricto with two portuguese african swine fever virus strains. study of factors involved in the dynamics of infection in ticks. | african swine fever (asf) is a frequently devastating hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs and wild boar and ornithodoros erraticus sensu stricto argasid ticks are the only biological vectors of african swine fever virus (asfv) known to occur in europe. recently this disease emerged in eastern europe and russian federation, showing a huge potential for a rapid spread between countries. there is some risk of re-emergence of asf in the countries where these ticks exist, that can contribute for the ... | 2015 | 26366570 |
| alterations of nuclear architecture and epigenetic signatures during african swine fever virus infection. | viral interactions with host nucleus have been thoroughly studied, clarifying molecular mechanisms and providing new antiviral targets. considering that african swine fever virus (asfv) intranuclear phase of infection is poorly understood, viral interplay with subnuclear domains and chromatin architecture were addressed. nuclear speckles, cajal bodies, and promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (pml-nbs) were evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy and western blot. further, efficient pml pro ... | 2015 | 26389938 |
| classical swine fever virus marker vaccine strain cp7_e2alf: genetic stability in vitro and in vivo. | recently, cp7_e2alf (suvaxyncsf marker), a live marker vaccine against classical swine fever virus, was licensed through the european medicines agency. for application of such a genetically engineered virus under field conditions, knowledge about its genetic stability is essential. here, we report on stability studies that were conducted to assess and compare the mutation rate of cp7_e2alf in vitro and in vivo. sequence analyses upon passaging confirmed the high stability of cp7_e2alf, and no re ... | 2015 | 26392285 |
| genetic clustering of recent classical swine fever virus isolates from karnataka, india revealed the emergence of subtype 2.2 replacing subtype 1.1. | the phylogenetic analysis of 11 csfv isolates from karnataka, india obtained during the year 2012-13 was undertaken to obtain the most reliable genetic typing of the csfv isolates based on e2, ns5b and 5'utr genomic regions. the study indicated that all the 11 csfv isolates belonged to subgroup 2.2. the most reliable classification was obtained with sequence data from the ns5b region which separated all the isolates based on the history of outbreak and geographic origin. analysis of full length ... | 2015 | 26396984 |
| in vitro coinfection and replication of classical swine fever virus and porcine circovirus type 2 in pk15 cells. | increasing clinical lines of evidence have shown the coinfection/superinfection of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). here, we investigated whether pcv2 and csfv could infect the same cell productively by constructing an in vitro coinfection model. our results indicated that pcv2-free pk15 cells but not st cells were more sensitive to pcv2, and the pk15 cell line could stably harbor replicating csfv (pk15-csfv cells) with a high infection rate. confocal and ... | 2015 | 26431319 |
| first detection of antibodies against african swine fever virus in faeces samples. | african swine fever (asf) is a viral, highly lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine with no available vaccine or effective treatment. introduction of asf into a country triggers immediate restriction measures that cause significant economic losses and threatens spread to neighbouring countries. wild boar populations have been recently assigned an essential role in the spread of african swine fever virus (asfv) to european countries. therefore, effective surveillance and monitoring of wild boar pop ... | 2015 | 26431943 |
| an investigation of classical swine fever virus seroprevalence and risk factors in pigs in timor-leste. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a highly infectious pathogen of pigs and believed to be a major constraint to pig production in timor-leste. the ministry of agriculture and fisheries conducts vaccination campaigns in an attempt to control clinical disease, however, there is no empirical data available concerning the seroprevalence and distribution of csfv in timor-leste. to help address this knowledge deficit, a cross-sectional study to determine seroprevalence was conducted in the three d ... | 2015 | 26433742 |
| characterization of cytopathogenicity of classical swine fever virus isolate induced by newcastle disease virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv), the causative agent of classical swine fever, belongs to the family flaviviridae and genus pestivirus. some pestiviruses exhibit cytopathic effect in cell culture but exact phenomenon is unknown. over expression of ns2-3 gene, presence of defective interfering particle and exaltation of newcastle disease virus (end) phenomenon could be the reasons of cytopathogenicity. in the present study, a csfv isolate exhibiting cytopathic effect (cpe) in madin-darby canin ... | 2015 | 26436124 |
| identification of two amino acids within e2 important for the pathogenicity of chimeric classical swine fever virus. | our previous study demonstrated that a chimeric classical swine fever virus (csfv) vsm/ce2 containing the e2 gene of the vaccine c-strain on the genetic background of the virulent csfv strain shimen (vsm) was attenuated in swine but reversed to virulence after serial passages in pk15 cells. to investigate the molecular basis of the pathogenicity, the genome of the 11th passage vsm/ce2 variant (vsm/ce2-p11) was sequenced, and two amino acid mutations, t745i and m979k, within e2 of vsm/ce2-p11 wer ... | 2016 | 26454191 |
| midgut proteome of an argasid tick, ornithodoros erraticus: a comparison between unfed and engorged females. | the argasid tick ornithodoros erraticus is the vector of african swine fever virus and of several borrelia species that cause human relapsing fever in the iberian peninsula. the tick midgut is part of the ectoparasite-host interface and expresses proteins that are vital for the survival of the tick. midgut proteins are therefore potential targets for drug and/or vaccine design aimed at the development of new strategies for tick control. thus, the aim of this work was the characterization of the ... | 2015 | 26459090 |
| ion channel activity of the csfv p7 viroporin in surrogates of the er lipid bilayer. | viroporins comprise a family of non-structural proteins that play significant and diverse roles during the replication cycle of many animal viruses. consequently, they have become promising targets for inhibitory drug and vaccine development. structure–function traits common to all members of the family are their small size (ca. 60–120 aa), high hydrophobicity, and the presence of helical domains that transverse the membrane and assemble into oligomeric-permeating structures therein. the possibi ... | 2016 | 26464198 |
| geographic range of vector-borne infections and their vectors: the role of african wildlife. | the role of african wildlife in the occurrence of vector-borne infections in domestic animals has gained renewed interest as emerging and re-emerging infections occur worldwide at an increasing rate. in africa, biodiversity conservation and the expansion of livestock production have increased the risk of transmitting vector-borne infections between wildlife and livestock. the indigenous african pathogens with transboundary potential, such as rift valley fever virus, african horse sickness virus, ... | 2015 | 26470454 |
| porcine mx1 fused to hiv tat protein transduction domain (ptd) inhibits classical swine fever virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | classical swine fever (csf) caused by csf virus (csfv) is highly contagious andcauses significant economic losses in the pig industry throughout the world. previously we demonstrated that porcine mx1 (pomx1), when fused to hiv tat protein transduction domain (ptd), inhibits csfv propagation in pk-15 cells, but it is unknown whether ptd-pomx1 exhibits antiviral activity in other porcine lines and it is efficacious for controlling csfv infection in pigs in china. | 2015 | 26472464 |
| construction of infectious cdna clone derived from a classical swine fever virus field isolate in bac vector using in vitro overlap extension pcr and recombination. | to develop reverse genetics system of rna viruses, cloning of full-length viral genome is required which is often challenging due to many steps involved. in this study, we report cloning of full-length cdna from an indian field isolate (csfv/ivri/vb-131) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) using in vitro overlap extension pcr and recombination which drastically reduced the number of cloning steps. the genome of csfv was amplified in six overlapping cdna fragments, linked by overlap extension p ... | 2015 | 26478540 |
| episodic adaptive diversification of classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerase ns5b. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the pathogen that causes a highly infectious disease of pigs and has led to disastrous losses to pig farms and related industries. the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) ns5b is a central component of the replicase complex (rc) in some single-stranded rna viruses, including csfv. on the basis of genetic variation, the csfv rdrps could be clearly divided into 2 major groups and a minor group, which is consistent with the phylogenetic relationships and virule ... | 2015 | 26485449 |
| creation of functional viruses from non-functional cdna clones obtained from an rna virus population by the use of ancestral reconstruction. | rna viruses have the highest known mutation rates. consequently it is likely that a high proportion of individual rna virus genomes, isolated from an infected host, will contain lethal mutations and be non-functional. this is problematic if the aim is to clone and investigate high-fitness, functional cdnas and may also pose problems for sequence-based analysis of viral evolution. to address these challenges we have performed a study of the evolution of classical swine fever virus (csfv) using de ... | 2015 | 26485566 |
| current status of african swine fever virus in a population of wild boar in eastern poland (2014-2015). | african swine fever virus (asfv) was detected in wild boar in eastern poland in early 2014. so far, 65 cases of asfv infection in wild boar have been recognised. the methods used for asfv detection included highly specific real-time pcr with a universal probe library (upl), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and an immunoperoxidase test (ipt) for identification of anti-asfv antibodies. the positive asf cases were located near the border with belarus in sokółka and białystok counties. som ... | 2015 | 26497350 |
| [hsp70 fused with the envelope glycoprotein e0 of classical swine fever virus enhances immune responses in balb/c mice]. | heat-shock protein (hsp) 70 potentiates specific immune responses to some antigenic peptides fused to it. here, the prokaryotic plasmids harboring the envelope glycoprotein e0 gene of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and/or the hsp70 gene of haemophilus parasuis were constructed and expressed in escherichia coli rosseta 2(r2). the fusion proteins were then purified. groups of balb/c mice were immunized with these fusion proteins, respectively, and sera collected 7 days after the third immuniza ... | 2015 | 26524908 |
| live attenuated african swine fever viruses as ideal tools to dissect the mechanisms involved in viral pathogenesis and immune protection. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the causal agent of african swine fever, a hemorrhagic and often lethal porcine disease causing enormous economical losses in affected countries. endemic for decades in most of the sub-saharan countries and sardinia, the risk of asfv-endemicity in europe has increased since its last introduction into europe in 2007. live attenuated viruses have been demonstrated to induce very efficient protective immune responses, albeit most of the time protection was circum ... | 2015 | 26589145 |
| cholesterol flux is required for endosomal progression of african swine fever virions during the initial establishment of infection. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a major threat for porcine production that has been slowly spreading in eastern europe since its first appearance in the caucasus in 2007. asfv enters the cell by endocytosis and gains access to the cytosol to start replication from late endosomes and multivesicular bodies. cholesterol associated with low-density lipoproteins entering the cell by endocytosis also follows a trafficking pathway similar to that of asfv. here we show that cholesterol plays an esse ... | 2015 | 26608317 |
| small-scale pig farmers' behavior, silent release of african swine fever virus and consequences for disease spread. | the expanding distribution of african swine fever (asf) is threatening the pig industry worldwide. most outbreaks occur in backyard and small-scale herds, where poor farmers often attempt to limit the disease's economic consequences by the emergency sale of their pigs. the risk of african swine fever virus (asfv) release via this emergency sale was investigated. simulation modeling was used to study asfv transmission in backyard and small-scale farms as well as the emergency sale of pigs, and th ... | 2015 | 26610850 |
| generation and evaluation of a chimeric classical swine fever virus expressing a visible marker gene. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a noncytopathogenic virus, and the incorporation of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) tag into the viral genome provides a means of direct monitoring of viral infection without immunostaining. it is well established that the 3' untranslated region (3'-utr) of the csfv plays an important role in viral rna replication. although csfv carrying a reporter gene and chimeric csfv have been generated and evaluated, a chimeric csfv with a visible marker ha ... | 2016 | 26614259 |
| genome sequence of african swine fever virus ba71, the virulent parental strain of the nonpathogenic and tissue-culture adapted ba71v. | the strain ba71v has played a key role in african swine fever virus (asfv) research. it was the first genome sequenced, and remains the only genome completely determined. a large part of the studies on the function of asfv genes, viral transcription, replication, dna repair and morphogenesis, has been performed using this model. this avirulent strain was obtained by adaptation to grow in vero cells of the highly virulent ba71 strain. we report here the analysis of the genome sequence of ba71 in ... | 2015 | 26618713 |
| molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus isolates from kerala, india. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important disease of pigs caused by csf virus (csfv) belonging to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. the disease is endemic in many countries including india. a comprehensive study was carried out to assess the type of csfv circulating in the south indian state of kerala. during the period 2013-2014, clinical samples were collected from 19 suspected csf outbreaks of domestic pigs in different districts of kerala. the samples were t ... | 2015 | 26645036 |
| deletion of the thymidine kinase gene induces complete attenuation of the georgia isolate of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal viral disease of domestic pigs. there are no vaccines to control africa swine fever (asf). experimental vaccines have been developed using genetically modified live attenuated asfvs obtained by specifically deleting virus genes involved in virulence, including the thymidine kinase (tk) gene. tk has been shown to be involved in the virulence of several viruses, including asfv. here we report the constructio ... | 2016 | 26656424 |
| immune responses against classical swine fever virus: between ignorance and lunacy. | classical swine fever virus infection of pigs causes disease courses from life-threatening to asymptomatic, depending on the virulence of the virus strain and the immunocompetence of the host. the virus targets immune cells, which are central in orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses such as macrophages and conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. here, we review current knowledge and concepts aiming to explain the immunopathogenesis of the disease at both the host and the cell ... | 2015 | 26664939 |
| a recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against porcine deltacoronavirus. | recently, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has been proven to be associated with enteric disease in piglets. diagnostic tools for serological surveys of pdcov remain in the developmental stage when compared with those for other porcine coronaviruses. in our study, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) (rpdcov-n-elisa) was developed to detect antibodies against pdcov using a histidine-tagged recombinant nucleocapsid (n) protein as an antigen. the rpdcov-n-elisa did not cross-react ... | 2016 | 26668175 |
| evolution and molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever virus during a multi-annual outbreak amongst european wild boar. | classical swine fever is a viral disease of pigs that carries tremendous socio-economic impact. in outbreak situations, genetic typing is carried out for the purpose of molecular epidemiology in both domestic pigs and wild boar. these analyses are usually based on harmonized partial sequences. however, for high-resolution analyses towards the understanding of genetic variability and virus evolution, full-genome sequences are more appropriate. in this study, a unique set of representative virus s ... | 2016 | 26684209 |
| [classical swine fever in wild boar in rhineland-palatinate: evaluation of the official control measures from 2005-2011]. | the present study describes the control strategy for fighting classical swine fever in wild boar in rhineland-palatinate from 2005 to 2011 and evaluates its effectiveness. the official control measures were based on the following three main pillars:--serological and virological monitoring: by means of serological monitoring classical swine fever outbreaks could be detected very early. increasing antibody prevalences indicated an imminent classical swine fever outbreak. this could be confirmed by ... | 2015 | 26697717 |
| simultaneous typing of seven porcine pathogens by multiplex pcr with a gexp analyser. | a novel high-throughput method was developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of seven porcine pathogens by multiplex pcr based on a genomelab gene expression profiler (gexp) analyser. the pathogens included in this study were pseudorabies virus (prv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), african swine fever virus (asfv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and japanese encephalitis virus (jev). sev ... | 2016 | 26706731 |
| african swine fever virus transmission cycles in central europe: evaluation of wild boar-soft tick contacts through detection of antibodies against ornithodoros erraticus saliva antigen. | african swine fever (asf) is one of the most complex viral diseases affecting both domestic and wild pigs. it is caused by asf virus (asfv), the only dna virus which can be efficiently transmitted by an arthropod vector, soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. these ticks can be part of asfv-transmission cycles, and in europe, o. erraticus was shown to be responsible for long-term maintenance of asfv in spain and portugal. in 2014, the disease has been reintroduced into the european union, affecti ... | 2016 | 26728767 |
| [research progress in the core proteins of the classical swine fever virus]. | the core protein (cp) of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) is one of its structural proteins. apart from forming the nucleocapsid to protect internal viral genomic rna, this protein is involved in transcriptional regulation. also, during viral infection, the cp is involved in interactions with many host proteins. in this review, we combine study of this protein with its disorders, structural/functional characteristics, as well as its interactions with the non-structural proteins ns3, ns5b a ... | 2015 | 26738299 |
| fkbp8 interact with classical swine fever virus ns5a protein and promote virus rna replication. | the non-structural 5a (ns5a) protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is proven to be involved in viral replication and can also modulate cellular signaling and host cellular responses via to its ability to interact with various cellular proteins. fkbp8 is also reported to promote virus replication. here, we show that ns5a specifically interacts with fkbp8 through coimmunoprecipitation and gst-pulldown studies. additionally, confocal microscopy study showed that ns5a and fkbp8 colocalized i ... | 2016 | 26748656 |
| a multiplex pcr for simultaneous detection of classical swine fever virus, african swine fever virus, highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and pseudorabies in swines. | in this assay, we developed and evaluated a multiplex pcr (mpcr) for its ability in detecting multiple infections of swine simultaneously. four pairs of primers were used to detect five viruses. specific primers were designed for classical swine fever virus (csfv), african swine fever virus (asfv) and pseudorabies (prv). a pair of primers was designed prudently for two different types of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus that respectively were porcine reproductive and respirato ... | 2015 | 26812812 |
| complete genome sequence analysis of acute and mild strains of classical swine fever virus subgenotype 3.2. | we report the complete genome sequences of two classical swine fever virus strains (jj9811 and yi9908). both belong to subgenotype 3.2. strain jj9811 causes mild symptoms and strain yi9908 causes acute symptoms. the sequences were 95.7% homologous at the nucleotide level and 95.6% homologous at the amino acid level. | 2016 | 26823570 |
| effect of o. porcinus tick salivary gland extract on the african swine fever virus infection in domestic pig. | african swine fever is a haemorrhagic disease in pig production that can have disastrous financial consequences for farming. no vaccines are currently available and animal slaughtering or area zoning to restrict risk-related movements are the only effective measures to prevent the spread of the disease. ornithodoros soft ticks are known to transmit the african swine fever virus (asfv) to pigs in farms, following the natural epidemiologic cycle of the virus. tick saliva has been shown to modulate ... | 2016 | 26828597 |
| assessment of the geographic distribution of ornithodoros turicata (argasidae): climate variation and host diversity. | ornithodoros turicata is a veterinary and medically important argasid tick that is recognized as a vector of the relapsing fever spirochete borrelia turicatae and african swine fever virus. historic collections of o. turicata have been recorded from latin america to the southern united states. however, the geographic distribution of this vector is poorly understood in relation to environmental variables, their hosts, and consequently the pathogens they transmit. | 2016 | 26829327 |
| rna interference screening of interferon-stimulated genes with antiviral activities against classical swine fever virus using a reporter virus. | classical swine fever (csf) caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of pigs, which leads to significant economic losses in many countries. viral infection can induce the production of interferons (ifns), giving rise to the transcription of hundreds of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) to exert antiviral effects. although numerous isgs have been identified to possess antiviral activities against different viruses, rare anti-csfv isgs have been reporte ... | 2016 | 26868874 |
| guanylate-binding protein 1, an interferon-induced gtpase, exerts an antiviral activity against classical swine fever virus depending on its gtpase activity. | many viruses trigger the type i interferon (ifn) pathway upon infection, resulting in the transcription of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (isgs), which define the antiviral state of the host. classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (csf), a highly contagious viral disease endangering the pig industry in many countries. however, anti-csfv isgs are poorly documented. here we screened 20 isgs that are commonly induced by type i ifns against csfv i ... | 2016 | 26889038 |
| genetic diversity and positive selection analysis of classical swine fever virus envelope protein gene e2 in east china under c-strain vaccination. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes an economically important and highly contagious disease of pigs worldwide. c-strain vaccination is one of the most effective ways to contain this disease. since 2014, sporadic csf outbreaks have been occurring in some c-strain vaccinated provinces of china. to decipher the disease etiology, 25 csfv e2 genes from 169 clinical samples were cloned and sequenced. phylogenetic analyses revealed that all 25 isolates belonged to subgenotype 2.1. twenty-three of ... | 2016 | 26903966 |
| different evolutionary patterns of classical swine fever virus envelope proteins. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of classical swine fever, which is a highly contagious disease of the domestic pig as well as wild boar. the proteins e(rns), e1, and e2 are components of the viral envelope membrane. they are also implicated in virus attachment and entry, replication, and (or) anti-immune response. here, we studied the genetic variations of these envelope proteins in the evolution of csfv. the results reveal that the envelope proteins underwent different ... | 2016 | 26911308 |
| domain organization of vaccinia virus helicase-primase d5. | poxviridae are viruses with a large linear double-stranded dna genome coding for up to 250 open reading frames and a fully cytoplasmic replication. the double-stranded dna genome is covalently circularized at both ends. similar structures of covalently linked extremities of the linear dna genome are found in the african swine fever virus (asfarvirus) and in the phycodnaviridae we are studying the machinery which replicates this peculiar genome structure. from our work with vaccinia virus, we giv ... | 2016 | 26912611 |
| a promising trigene recombinant human adenovirus vaccine against classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever (csf) vaccine based on hadv-5 had achieved an efficient protection in swine. both classical swine fever virus (csfv) e0 glycoprotein and e2 glycoprotein were the targets for neutralizing antibodies and related to immune protection against csf. interleukin-2 (il2), as an adjuvant, also had been used in csf vaccine research. in this study, coexpression of the csfv e0, e2, and il2 genes by hadv-5 (radv-e0-e2-il2) was constructed and immunized to evaluate its efficacy. three ex ... | 2016 | 26918463 |
| classical swine fever virus vs. classical swine fever virus: the superinfection exclusion phenomenon in experimentally infected wild boar. | two groups with three wild boars each were used: group a (animals 1 to 3) served as the control, and group b (animals 4 to 6) was postnatally persistently infected with the cat01 strain of csfv (primary virus). the animals, six weeks old and clinically healthy, were inoculated with the virulent strain margarita (secondary virus). for exclusive detection of the margarita strain, a specific qrt-pcr assay was designed, which proved not to have cross-reactivity with the cat01 strain. the wild boars ... | 2016 | 26919741 |
| african swine fever virus: current state and future perspectives in vaccine and antiviral research. | african swine fever (asf) is among the most significant of swine diseases for which no effective vaccines and antivirals are available. the disease, which is endemic in africa, was introduced to trans-caucasian countries and the russian federation in 2007, where it remains prevalent today among domestic pigs and wild boars. although some measures were implemented, asf continues to pose a global risk for all countries, and thereby highlighting the importance of vaccine and antiviral research. in ... | 2016 | 26931386 |
| safety of classical swine fever virus vaccine strain lom in pregnant sows and their offspring. | the present study aimed to evaluate the safety of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) vaccine strain lom in pregnant sows. pregnant sows with free csfv antibody were inoculated with a commercial lom vaccine during early pregnancy (day 38; n=3) or mid-pregnancy (days 49-59; n=11). in pregnant sows vaccinated during the early stages of gestation, abortion (day 109) was observed in one case, with two stillbirths and seven mummified fetuses. the viability of live-born piglets was 34.9% in sows va ... | 2016 | 26947495 |
| transmission routes of african swine fever virus to domestic pigs: current knowledge and future research directions. | african swine fever (asf) is a major threat to the pig industry in europe. since 2007, asf outbreaks have been ongoing in the caucasus, eastern europe and the baltic countries, causing severe economic losses for many pig farmers and pork producers. in addition, the number of asf cases in wild boar populations has dramatically increased over the past few years. evidence supports direct contact with infectious domestic pigs and wild boars, and consumption of contaminated feed, as the main transmis ... | 0 | 26966305 |
| recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing african swine fever virus protein 72 is safe and immunogenic in mice. | african swine fever (asf) is a lethal hemorrhagic disease that affects wild and domestic swine. the etiological agent of asf is african swine fever virus (asfv). since the first case was described in kenya in 1921, the disease has spread to many other countries. no commercial vaccines are available to prevent asf. in this study, we generated a recombinant newcastle disease virus (rndv) expressing asfv protein 72 (p72) by reverse genetics and evaluated its humoral and cellular immunogenicity in a ... | 2016 | 26980334 |
| development of cross-priming amplification for direct detection of the african swine fever virus, in pig and wild boar blood and sera samples. | african swine fever (asf) is considered a major threat to the production of pigs worldwide. the asf aetiological agent, asfv, is the sole member of the asfivirus genus, belonging to the asfarviridae family. an effective asf vaccine is not currently available, thus the only measures of asf spread control include, reliable and fast diagnosis. officially approved, diagnostic methods include, virus isolation, serological assays, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoperoxidase assay ... | 2016 | 27002564 |
| what can pestiviral endonucleases teach us about innate immunotolerance? | pestiviruses including bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv), occur worldwide and are important pathogens of livestock. a large part of their success can be attributed to the induction of central immunotolerance including b- and t-cells upon fetal infection leading to the generation of persistently infected (pi) animals. in the past few years, it became evident that evasion of innate immunity is a central element to induce and maint ... | 2016 | 27021825 |
| development of single dilution immunoassay to detect e2 protein specific classical swine fever virus antibody. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a highly contagious disease in swine. the disease is endemic in different parts of the world and vaccination is the only way to protect pigs from csfv infection. the virus surface protein e2 is the major immunogenic protein eliciting protective immunity against csfv infection in swine. the whole virus antigen cannot differentiate csfv from other pestiviruses as it cross reacts with border disease and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses. com ... | 2016 | 27032503 |