Publications

acute respiratory failure due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: clinical, radiographic, and pathologic course.	the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic correlates of acute respiratory failure due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were studied in 12 renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporin (cs) and prednisone. six patients required only supplemental oxygen, while the other six patients developed the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation despite similar predisposing factors and prompt initiation of therapy. ten (83%) patients survived. increased f ...	1985	3884275
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1985	3884451
use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to prevent bacterial infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	we assessed the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in children receiving intensive chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. the patients were randomized to receive either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) or placebo in a double-blind trial. thirty patients were evaluated in each group. children receiving tmp-smx had fewer episodes of bacteremia (0 vs. 5) and otitis media (3 vs. 18). the geometric mean of the neutrophil nadir was 172 in the tmp-smx group and 287 in controls. however ...	1985	3889875
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a review].		1985	3891249
pneumocystis carinii: growth variables and estimates in the a549 and wi-38 va13 human cell lines.	recent studies indicate that rat pneumocystis carinii can be propagated in the a549 cell line, an alveolar epithelioid cell line derived from human lung carcinoma. in the present study, growth of p. carinii was compared in the a549 cell line and the wi-38 va13 subline 2ra, an sv40 transformed derivative of the human fetal fibroblast cell line with epithelioid morphology. similar p. carinii growth occurred in both cell lines under optimal conditions, but the wi-38 va13 cell line was usually more ...	1985	3894045
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1985	3897099
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1985	3898464
pentamidine for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other protozoal diseases.	pentamidine isethionate, discovered to have antiprotozoal activity in 1938, has recently been approved in the united states for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. despite frequent adverse reactions, which are at times life-threatening, pentamidine remains an important alternative to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the treatment of p. carinii pneumonia in patients with a history of allergy to sulfonamides or who have severe reactions or a lack of response to treatment with trimeth ...	1985	3901852
pentamidine isethionate in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.	the chemistry, antiprotozoal activity, pharmacology, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, dosage, administration, and hospital formulary considerations of pentamidine isethionate are reviewed. pentamidine, an aromatic diamidine, has been used since the 1940s to treat a variety of protozoal infections. it is now most commonly administered in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). it is generally not metabolized, and it is stored or bound to tissue and excreted slowly as the parent ...	1985	3902329
pentamidine: a review.	pentamidine, recently released for clinical use, is effective in therapy for the hemolymphatic stage of gambian trypanosomiasis, antimony-resistant leishmaniasis, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the mechanism of action is unclear and may differ for different organisms. trypanosomes actively transport pentamidine intracellularly, and the drug may then interfere with dna biosynthetics. however, pentamidine appears to kill nonreplicating p. carinii. the mechanism of killing is unexplained. the ...	1985	3903942
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients--clinical and radiographic features, diagnosis and complications of treatment.	six episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in five renal transplant patients on low dose maintenance prednisolone are described. the infection was rare, occurring in 3 per cent of the recipients transplanted between 1978 and 1984. diagnosis and treatment were not straightforward. fever was the earliest evidence of illness, and in three episodes the chest radiograph was normal at presentation. at diagnosis, two to 16 days later, all had pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxia. diagnosis was ...	1985	3909201
[pneumocystis carinii infections].	in children, pneumocystis carinii pneumonias occur mainly in cases of congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. definitive diagnosis rests on the visualization of the parasites, ideally by broncho-alveolar lavage. if the lavage is negative and the patient deteriorates, an open lung biopsy is the next best diagnostic method. serological methods are unreliable. treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp) should be instituted as early as possible: a serum level of tmp between 5 and 10 micro ...	1985	3914245
infections in immunocompromised patients. i. pathogenesis, etiology, and diagnosis.	granulocytopenia is the major factor predisposing cancer patients to infection, chiefly by bacteria. most of the infections are caused by gram-negative aerobic organisms (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella sp) that arise from endogenous gastrointestinal, mucosal, or cutaneous flora (often modified by hospital-acquired pathogens). some fungi (candida sp and aspergillus sp) are also likely to invade granulocytopenic patients. the next most important factor predisposing cancer ...	1985	3914372
respiratory and pulmonary alterations in experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats.	pneumocystis carinii (p.c.) pneumonia was induced in 40 rats by a prolonged corticosteroid treatment (group 1); 40 healthy rats of equal weight constituted the control group (group 2); 9 rats received the same corticosteroid treatment as group 1, together with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-sfz) in order to prevent p.c. multiplication (group 3). we could distinguish the respiratory effects induced by corticosteroids from those caused by p.c. pneumonia (group 3 vs group 1). for six weeks the ...	1985	3919791
serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in adults and children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and aids-related complex: possible indicator of b cell lymphoproliferation and disease activity. effect of intravenous gammaglobulin on enzyme levels.	twenty-seven of 33 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) or aids-related complex (16 adults and 17 children) demonstrated significant elevation of serum lactate dehydrogenase activity, occurring in the isomorphic distribution. serum lactate dehydrogenase activity was the highest in all nine patients with acute pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, in seven of whom extensive interstitial pulmonary infiltrates with lymphocytes and plasma cells were documented. lactate dehydrogen ...	1985	3922219
pneumonia in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	to data there have been 130 cases of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in britain. aids is though to be caused by the retrovirus human t cell lymphotropic virus iii/lymphadenopathy associated virus (htlv-iii/lav). the presenting feature of aids may be and acute pneumonic illness with cough, breathlessness, and fever. nearly always, however, there is a preceding history of several months' ill health characterized by loss of weight, intermittent of prolonged fever, and malaise. th ...	1985	3922466
impact of cyclosporine on renal transplant practice at the university of texas medical school at houston.	csa has improved the outcome of renal allotransplantation with cad and lrd kidneys. csa mitigates risk factors heretofore presenting substantial obstacles to cad transplantation: hla matching, pretransplant splenectomy, extensive numbers of conditioning blood transfusions, and old age. in lrd transplantation, csa obviates the need for donor-specific transfusions in the haploidentical situation, and for prednisone in the hla-identical setting. the incidence of drug-induced nephrotoxicity beyond s ...	1985	3925760
diagnostic value of pulmonary gallium 67 scanning in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an immunocompromised patient with unexplained fever and hypoxemia.		1985	3929167
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the patient with aids.		1985	3931990
[a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia successfully treated with co-trimoxazole and pentamidine for intravenous injection].		1985	3932539
a cluster of pneumocystis carinii infections in children.		1985	3935241
method of testing the susceptibility of pneumocystis carinii to antimicrobial agents in vitro.	rat pneumocystis carinii grown on lung-derived cell lines in tissue culture flasks and multiwell plates was tested for susceptibility to four antimicrobial agents currently being used in the treatment of human pneumocystosis. standard criteria for organism quantitation, replication, viability, and inoculum size were established. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibited p. carinii growth at a concentration ratio of 1:19 microgram/ml, and pentamidine isethionate was active at 0.1 microgram/ml. alph ...	1985	3936409
bronchoalveolar lavage in heart-lung transplantation.	distinguishing lung rejection from infection in patients who have undergone heart-lung transplantation is difficult. since bronchoalveolar lavage has been safely used to investigate other pulmonary conditions, its safety and the value of the cellular data obtained were evaluated on 44 occasions in ten heart-lung transplant recipients. this study established that bronchoalveolar lavage is safe after heart-lung transplantation, that it reliably diagnoses infection, and lastly that serial lavages a ...	1985	3939650
indications for and diagnostic efficacy of open-lung biopsy in the patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids).	pulmonary infiltrates in the patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) may be associated with a spectrum of unusual neoplastic and infectious process. transbronchial biopsy frequently reveals the cause of these infiltrates; however, when transbronchial biopsy is nondiagnostic or contraindicated, or if the patient fails to improve after a diagnostic transbronchial biopsy, further investigation is warranted to direct appropriate therapy. efficacy of 23 open-lung biopsies in 19 aids pa ...	1986	3954503
small intestinal lymphoma in three patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	three cases of small bowel lymphoma in young homosexual men are presented. all three had acquired immune deficiency syndrome as demonstrated by demography, sexual history, cachexia, opportunistic infections by cytomegalovirus, pneumocystis carinii, atypical mycobacterium, candida, and/or evidence of immune deficiency, such as skin test anergy, lymphopenia, inversion of t-helper/t-suppressor ratio, and diminished lymphocyte response to either phytohemmaglutinin or pokeweed mitogen. all had periph ...	1985	3966449
kaposi's sarcoma in heterosexual intravenous drug users.	kaposi's sarcoma is a feature of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in male homosexuals and haitians. in this report the authors describe six heterosexual intravenous drug users who developed kaposi's sarcoma. they had other characteristics of aids including opportunistic infections (oral candidiasis, six patients; pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, two patients; genital herpes simplex, two patients; disseminated cytomegalovirus, one patient; mycobacterium avium, one patient) and inversi ...	1985	3967196
pathologic pulmonary findings in children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a study of ten cases.	lung tissue and tissue from the lymphoreticular system obtained at open biopsy and/or autopsy were studied in ten children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). one or both parents of nine of the children had aids or risk factors for aids. the remaining child had hemophilia. the following pulmonary lesions were seen: 1) diffuse alveolar damage (dad), 2) pneumocystis carinii and/or cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, 3) lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (lip), and 4) desquamative interstit ...	1985	3972404
generalised tuberculosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	we describe a heroin addict who presented with cellular immunodeficiency, generalised tuberculosis, and pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii, and discuss the risk of these associations.	1985	3981026
lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (lip) is characterized by interstitial accumulation of mature lymphocytes, plasma cells, and reticuloendothelial cells and is often an unremitting process unresponsive to immunosuppressive therapy. the patient described in this report had severe candidal esophagitis and immunologic findings consistent with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). there was no evidence of pulmonary infection with pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus, mycobacterium aviu ...	1985	4003948
[surgical pulmonary biopsy in children].	during the last 2 years an open lung biopsy was performed in 16 children aged from 2 to 14 years. fourteen of these had a chemotherapeutic induced immunodeficiency and a radiological picture of diffuse pulmonary infiltrate. a definite diagnosis was established in 11 cases: 5 pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, 2 cmv infections, 2 pneumocalcinosis, 1 neoplastic pulmonary lymphangitis and 1 staphylococcal infection. three had a non-specific interstitial pneumonitis. in this series there was no post- ...	1985	4042263
prospective randomized study of open lung biopsy versus empirical antibiotic therapy for acute pneumonitis in nonneutropenic cancer patients.	diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and acute respiratory compromise frequently occur in patients with cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy, and treatment remains controversial. we initiated a prospective randomized trial in 22 nonneutropenic patients to compare the efficacy of immediate open lung biopsy with that of empirical trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin therapy with delayed open lung biopsy if no clinical improvement occurred after 4 days of therapy. diagnoses included non-hodgki ...	1985	4062396
a case comparison of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in homosexual males with spindle-endothelial cell abnormalities and with recrudescent melioidosis.	the aids syndrome includes cases of biopsy-proven kaposi's sarcoma in persons under 60 years of age, or biopsy- or culture-proven pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, or either of the life-threatening opportunistic infections in young previously healthy persons with no underlying cause of immunodeficiency (center for disease control criteria). here we described the first case of aids with early kaposi's sarcoma-like lesions in homosexual male drug addict and have compared the clinical and laboratory ...	1985	4074477
yellow nail syndrome in patients with acquired immunodeficiency disease.	eight patients with proved diagnoses of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, some with chronic sinusitis, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, and other pathologic conditions, were serially examined. four had yellow discoloration of the distal portions of the nails. nails of some patients showed ridging, loss or decrease in size of lunulae, and opaqueness. these findings indicate the presence of the yellow nail syndrome, a relatively rare condition, in 50% of these e ...	1985	4078068
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with agammaglobulinemia].		1970	4098999
a rapid staining technique for pneumocystis carinii.		1972	4111821
a rapid staining procedure for pneumocystis carinii.		1973	4124167
comparison of methods for identification of pneumocystis carinii in pulmonary aspirates.		1973	4126522
direct fluorescent-antibody method for the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis from sputa or tracheal aspirates from humans.	a direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) method was applied to sputum or tracheal aspirate from 68 patients with clinical or radiological evidence suggesting pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, and to 50 control patients. p. carinii was detected by dfa in specimens from 33 of the 69 clinical cases and 3 of the 50 controls. specimens of lung from 11 of 33 dfa-positive cases were examined histologically, and 9 were positive. four of 35 dfa-negative cases were examined histologically, and all were negativ ...	1974	4129474
pneumocystis carinii: the urgency of early diagnosis.		1974	4131001
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and altered host resistance: treatment of one patient with pentamidine isethionate.		1966	4162452
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1967	4163982
generalized pneumocystis carinii infection with severe idiopathic hypoproteinemia.		1968	4169578
thymic alymphoplasia, monoclonal gammopathy, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an infant.		1968	4173656
[immunoglobulins in interstitial plasma cell pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii in infancy].		1967	4180771
diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the presence of immunological deficiency.		1970	4192011
diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii infection.		1970	4193379
pneumocystis carinii infection. a cytologic, histologic, and electron microscopic study of the organism.		1970	4195521
[certain aspects of pneumocystis carinii from patients who died from interstitial plasmacellular pulmonitis].		1972	4200182
attempts at prophylaxis for murine pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.		1973	4200532
editorial: in pursuit of pneumocystis carinii.		1973	4201487
development and evaluation of a direct fluorescent antibody method for the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii infections in experimental animals.	because no fully satisfactory diagnostic method has been available for use in pneumocystis infection, an attempt was made to apply the fluorescent antibody technique in the identification of pneumocystis carinii. hyperimmune sera were prepared in rabbits against p. carinii from human and rat sources. after proper adsorption, these antisera were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and used as reagents in a direct fluorescent antibody procedure. each of the two reagents was found to stain t ...	1973	4202704
protein-calorie malnutrition. a host determinant for pneumocystis carinii infection.		1974	4209971
marasmus and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in institutionalised infants. observations during an endemic.		1974	4213237
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--a current problem].		1974	4219652
simultaneous generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. a case of a 2 year 5 month old girl.		1967	4295806
combined pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus infection.		1970	4320869
pneumocystis carinii.		1970	4322792
pneumocystis carinii in children with malignant disease.		1972	4334240
diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by transbronchoscopic lung biopsy.		1973	4356251
fulminant lymphoma mimicking pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4358468
busulfan lung complicated by pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus infection.		1974	4362467
efficacy of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in the prevention and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.	a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole was effective in the prevention and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in cortisonetreated rats. although all of 15 untreated rats died with p. carinii pneumonitis, none of 15 given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylactically acquired the infection. after p. carinii pneumonitis was established, 9 of 14 rats recovered after treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with only 2 of 14 treated with pentamidine isethionate. ...	1974	4365115
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4370269
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an adopted vietnamese infant. a case of diffuse, fulminant disease, with recovery.		1974	4372419
the role of early open lung biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4372961
infectious complications in bone marrow transplant patients.	in 11 patients receiving transplants of allogeneic bone marrow, the graft was successful in six. nine patients developed infections, and six died-five of septicaemia and one of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. fifty individual infections occurred. predisposing factors included severe underlying diseases, long-term exposure to resistant hospital organisms, heavy immunosuppressive therapy, and graft-versus-host disease. gram-negative bacilli and candida albicans were the most common causative organ ...	1971	4395326
hypertension and duodenal ulcer associated with pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and dysgamma-globulinemia.		1971	4395852
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. problems in diagnosis and therapy in 24 cases.	twenty-four instances of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were recognized in 23 patients at the stanford university hospitals between 1962 and 1970. the affected persons could be broadly characterized as "compromised" hosts. all but one were receiving immunosuppressive drug therapy for such underlying disease as hematopoietic malignant disease, collagen vascular disorder, and organ transplant rejection. the one patient not receiving immunosuppressant medication had congenital dysgammaglobulinemia ...	1972	4537021
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. a review].		1972	4537098
radiographic findings in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1972	4537141
pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in cancer patients.		1972	4537670
an increasing awareness of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.		1972	4538515
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1972	4539133
[homage to jirovec. criticism of the taxonomic position of pneumocystis carinii].		1972	4539134
recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a child with hypogammaglobulinemia.		1973	4539661
cellular reaction to pneumocystis carinii.		1973	4539893
pneumocystis carinii infection.		1973	4540153
chronic primary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1973	4540261
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--report of 7 autopsy cases and review of the literature].		1973	4540278
disseminated, granulomatous pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1973	4540392
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and primary immune deficiency diseases of infancy and childhood.		1973	4540607
[pneumocystis carinii pneumopathies in adults].		1973	4542375
letter: identification of pneumocystis carinii in sputum.		1973	4542955
[epidemiology of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1973	4544054
disseminated pneumocystis carinii in thymic alymphoplasia.		1974	4544142
fine structure of spontaneous pneumocystis carinii pulmonary infection in foals.		1974	4544245
roentgenologic changes in infantile pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4544390
rapid identification of pneumocystis carinii.		1974	4544641
[pneumocystis carinii in domestic animals of the city of mexico, yucatan].		1972	4546643
[pneumocystis carinii pneumopathy complicating lymph nodal sarcomatosis of the plasmocytic type].		1974	4546644
severe thrombocytopenic purpura complicating pentamidine therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4546914
diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by bronchopulmonary lavage.		1974	4547180
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with vascular and lymph nodal involvement.		1974	4547271
[diagnostic difficulties in miliary tuberculosis complicated by pneumocystis carinii infection].		1974	4547481
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia presenting as localized nodular densities.		1974	4547531
histopathology of pneumocystis carinii infestation and infection in malignant disease in childhood.		1974	4547556
editorial: a safe procedure for diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4547557
the role of membrane lung support in transient acute respiratory insufficiency of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4547590
transbronchial forceps lung biopsy through the fiberoptic bronchoscope in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1974	4547596
[a cases of pneumocystis carinii demonstrating thin-walled cavities on radiogram (author's transl)].		1974	4547805