Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activities of underutilized grape (vitis vinifera l.) pomace extracts. | grape pomace is an abundant source of underutilized winery by-products. polyphenols were extracted from grape pomace using cellulase and gluco-amylase enzymes. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) and folin-ciocalteu's assays were used to measure antioxidant activity and total polyphenolic contents. both cellulase, and gluco-amylase digested grape pomace showed efficient radical scavenging activity. in addition, the total polyphenolic contents of cellulase digested grape pomace showed lower conc ... | 2015 | 26451359 |
| testing of a simplified led based vis/nir system for rapid ripeness evaluation of white grape (vitis vinifera l.) for franciacorta wine. | the aim of this work was to test a simplified optical prototype for a rapid estimation of the ripening parameters of white grape for franciacorta wine directly in field. spectral acquisition based on reflectance at four wavelengths (630, 690, 750 and 850 nm) was proposed. the integration of a simple processing algorithm in the microcontroller software would allow to visualize real time values of spectral reflectance. non-destructive analyses were carried out on 95 grape bunches for a total of 47 ... | 2015 | 26452865 |
| developmental, transcriptome, and genetic alterations associated with parthenocarpy in the grapevine seedless somatic variant corinto bianco. | seedlessness is a relevant trait in grapevine cultivars intended for fresh consumption or raisin production. previous dna marker analysis indicated that corinto bianco (cb) is a parthenocarpic somatic variant of the seeded cultivar pedro ximenes (px). this study compared both variant lines to determine the basis of this parthenocarpic phenotype. at maturity, cb seedless berries were 6-fold smaller than px berries. the macrogametophyte was absent from cb ovules, and cb was also pollen sterile. oc ... | 2016 | 26454283 |
| occurrence and infection of cladosporium, fusarium, epicoccum and aureobasidium in withered rotten grapes during post-harvest dehydration. | fungi like cladosporium, fusarium, epicoccum and aureobasidium can occur on withered grapes causing spoilage of passito wine. there is little or no information on the pathogenic role of these fungi. this study describes the isolation, incidence and identification of several isolates from different withered rotten grapes. representative isolates grouped in several phenotypes were identified by phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer, actin or elongation factor gene sequences. isolate ... | 2015 | 26459338 |
| evaluation of a brushing machine for estimating density of spider mites on grape leaves. | direct visual inspection and enumeration for estimating field population density of economically important arthropods, such as spider mites, provide more information than alternative methods, such as binomial sampling, but is laborious and time consuming. a brushing machine can reduce sampling time and perhaps improve accuracy. although brushing technology has been investigated and recommended as a useful tool for researchers and integrated pest management practitioners, little work to demonstra ... | 2015 | 26459377 |
| a fundamental step in ipm on grapevine: evaluating the side effects of pesticides on predatory mites. | knowledge on side effects of pesticides on non-target beneficial arthropods is a key point in integrated pest management (ipm). here we present the results of four experiments conducted in vineyards where the effects of chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, indoxacarb, flufenoxuron, and tebufenozide were evaluated on the generalist predatory mites typhlodromus pyri scheuten and amblyseius andersoni (chant), key biocontrol agents of herbivorous mites on grapevines. results show that indoxacarb and tebufeno ... | 2015 | 26466903 |
| drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae) and its potential impact to wine grapes during harvest in two cool climate wine grape production regions. | drosophila suzukii (matsumura) is a global pest attacking various berry crops. d. suzukii lays eggs in damaged and in intact wine grape berries of the most soft-skinned varieties. here, we describe the relative host utilization of different wine grape cultivars grown in northern italy and oregon. assessments of host berry utilization were performed in both field and laboratory settings. results were correlated to physiological changes occurring during grape berry development starting at véraison ... | 2015 | 26470240 |
| epiphyas postvittana (lepidoptera: tortricidae)-botrytis cinerea (helotiales: sclerotiniaceae)-vitis vinifera (vitales: vitaceae) interaction: the role of b. cinerea on the development of e. postvittana in synthetic nutritional media. | epiphyas postvittana (walker) (light-brown apple moth) is a polyphagous herbivore of economic significance, which also feeds on vitis vinifera l. the e. postvittana-v. vinifera interacting system also involves the participation of the fungus botrytis cinerea persoon ex fries. we have been exploring the relationship among e. postvittana-v. vinifera-b. cinerea over the past two years. in this article, we report the preference and performance of the larvae of e. postvittana raised solely on a synth ... | 2015 | 26470305 |
| identification of vitis vinifera l. grape berry skin color mutants and polyphenolic profile. | a germplasm set of twenty-five grapevine accessions, forming eleven groups of possible berry skin color mutants, were genotyped with twelve microsatellite loci, being eleven of them identified as true color mutants. the polyphenolic profiling of the confirmed mutant cultivars revealed a total of twenty-four polyphenols, comprising non-colored compounds (phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonols and a stilbene) and anthocyanins. results showed differences in the contribution of malvidin-3-o-glucosi ... | 2016 | 26471534 |
| beneficial bacteria isolated from grapevine inner tissues shape arabidopsis thaliana roots. | we investigated the potential plant growth-promoting traits of 377 culturable endophytic bacteria, isolated from vitis vinifera cv. glera, as good biofertilizer candidates in vineyard management. endophyte ability in promoting plant growth was assessed in vitro by testing ammonia production, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and iaa-like molecule biosynthesis, siderophore and lytic enzyme secretion. many of the isolates were able to mobilize phosphate (33%), release ammonium ( ... | 2015 | 26473358 |
| metabolic and physiological responses of shiraz and cabernet sauvignon (vitis vinifera l.) to near optimal temperatures of 25 and 35 °c. | shiraz and cabernet sauvignon (cs) grapevines were grown at near optimal temperatures (25 or 35 °c). gas exchange, fluorescence, metabolic profiling and correlation based network analysis were used to characterize leaf physiology. when grown at 25 °c, the growth rate and photosynthesis of both cultivars were similar. at 35 °c shiraz showed increased respiration, non-photochemical quenching and reductions of photosynthesis and growth. in contrast, cs maintained relatively stable photosynthetic ac ... | 2015 | 26473851 |
| callose synthase family genes involved in the grapevine defense response to downy mildew disease. | the deposition of callose is a common plant defense response to intruding pathogens and part of the plant's innate immunity. in this study, eight grapevine callose synthase (cals) genes were identified and characterized. to investigate biological function of cals in grapevine against the infection of plasmopara viticola, expression patterns of grapevine cals family genes were analyzed among resistant/susceptible cultivars. after p. viticola infection, expression of cals1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 ... | 2016 | 26474330 |
| genetic analysis of east asian grape cultivars suggests hybridization with wild vitis. | koshu is a grape cultivar native to japan and is one of the country's most important cultivars for wine making. koshu and other oriental grape cultivars are widely believed to belong to the european domesticated grape species vitis vinifera. to verify the domesticated origin of koshu and four other cultivars widely grown in china and japan, we genotyped 48 ancestry informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and estimated wild and domesticated ancestry proportions. our principal component ... | 2015 | 26488600 |
| enhanced dissipation of triazole and multiclass pesticide residues on grapes after foliar application of grapevine-associated bacillus species. | disease management in vineyards with fungicides sometimes results in undesirable residue accumulations in grapes at harvest. bioaugmentation of the grape fructosphere can be a useful approach for enhancing the degradation rate and reducing the residues to safe levels. this paper reports the in vitro and in vivo biodegradation of three triazole fungicides commonly used in indian vineyards, by bacillus strains, namely, dr-39, cs-126, tl-171, and ts-204, which were earlier found to enhance the diss ... | 2015 | 26492206 |
| effect of three training systems on grapes in a wet region of china: yield, incidence of disease and anthocyanin compositions of vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon. | grapevine training systems determine the suitability for grape varieties in a specific growing region. we evaluated the influence of three training systems, single guyot (sg), spur-pruned vertical shoot-positioned (vsp), and four-arm kniffin (4ak), on the performance of grapes and vines of vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon in the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons in a wet region of central china. 4ak was the most productive system in comparison to sg and vsp. sg and vsp had lower disease infe ... | 2015 | 26492226 |
| color recovery in berries of grape (vitis vinifera l.) 'benitaka', a bud sport of 'italia', is caused by a novel allele at the vvmyba1 locus. | color mutations in grape berry skin are relatively frequent events, and can be easily seen in the vineyard. both light-red-skinned 'ruby okuyama' and more intense and uniform rosy-skinned 'benitaka' (vitis vinifera l.) are bud sports of white-skinned 'italia'. previously, we reported that 'ruby okuyama' was caused by the recovery of vvmyba1 expression, which may have occurred as a result of intra-ltr (long terminal repeat) recombination within a retrotransposon, gret1. however, the molecular bas ... | 2009 | 26493136 |
| polymorphisms and minihaplotypes in the vvnac26 gene associate with berry size variation in grapevine. | domestication and selection of vitis vinifera l. for table and wine grapes has led to a large level of berry size diversity in current grapevine cultivars. identifying the genetic basis for this natural variation is paramount both for breeding programs and for elucidating which genes contributed to crop evolution during domestication and selection processes. the gene vvnac26, which encodes a nac domain-containing transcription factor, has been related to the early development of grapevine flower ... | 2015 | 26499326 |
| genome and transcriptome analysis of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) wrky gene family. | the plant wrky gene family represents an ancient and complex class of zinc-finger transcription factors (tfs) that are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, such as development and senescence, and in plant response to many biotic and abiotic stresses. despite the growing number of studies on the genomic organisation of wrky gene family in different species, little information is available about this family in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). in the present study, a total n ... | 2014 | 26504535 |
| an optimized procedure for plant recovery from somatic embryos significantly facilitates the genetic improvement of vitis. | plant regeneration from grapevine (vitis spp.) via somatic embryogenesis typically is poor. recovery of plants from vitis rotundifolia michx. (muscadine grape) is particularly problematic due to extremely low efficiency, including extended culture durations required for embryo-plant conversion. poor plant recovery is an obstacle to the selection of improved genetically modified lines. somatic embryos (ses) of v. rotundifolia cultivar delicious (del-hs) and vitis vinifera l cultivar thompson seed ... | 2014 | 26504540 |
| construction and validation of a gene co-expression network in grapevine (vitis vinifera. l.). | gene co-expression analysis has been widely used for predicting gene functions because genes within modules of a co-expression network may be involved in similar biological processes and exhibit similar biological functions. to detect gene relationships in the grapevine genome, we constructed a grapevine gene co-expression network (ggcn) by compiling a total of 374 publically available grapevine microarray datasets. the ggcn consisted of 557 modules containing a total of 3834 nodes with 13 479 e ... | 2014 | 26504546 |
| transcriptome of erysiphe necator-infected vitis pseudoreticulata leaves provides insight into grapevine resistance to powdery mildew. | powdery mildew (pm), which is caused by the pathogen erysiphe necator (schw.) burr., is the single most damaging disease of cultivated grapes (vitis vinifera) worldwide. however, little is known about the transcriptional response of grapes to infection with pm. rna-seq analysis was used for deep sequencing of the leaf transcriptome to study pm resistance in chinese wild grapes (v. pseudoreticulata baihe 35-1) to better understand the interaction between host and pathogen. greater than 100 millio ... | 2014 | 26504551 |
| current understanding of grapevine defense mechanisms against the biotrophic fungus (erysiphe necator), the causal agent of powdery mildew disease. | the most economically important disease of cultivated grapevines worldwide is powdery mildew (pm) caused by the ascomycete fungus erysiphe necator. the majority of grapevine cultivars used for wine, table grape, and dried fruit production are derived from the eurasian grape species vitis vinifera because of its superior aroma and flavor characteristics. however, this species has little genetic resistance against e. necator meaning that grape production is highly dependent on the frequent use of ... | 2015 | 26504571 |
| subfunctionalization of cation/proton antiporter 1 genes in grapevine in response to salt stress in different organs. | cation/proton antiporter 1 (cpa1) proteins function as regulators of monovalent ions, ph homeostasis, and other developmental processes in plants. better understanding of the expression and regulation of cpa1 in plant responses to salinity would help the development of scientific practices in crops worldwide. in this report, we characterized all seven cpa1 family genes in grapevine (vitis vinifera) in response to short-term osmotic and nacl stresses. we found that two of the seven genes have sub ... | 2015 | 26504576 |
| comparative transcriptomics of central asian vitis vinifera accessions reveals distinct defense strategies against powdery mildew. | grape powdery mildew (pm), caused by the biotrophic ascomycete erysiphe necator, is a devastating fungal disease that affects most vitis vinifera cultivars. we have previously identified a panel of v. vinifera accessions from central asia with partial resistance to pm that possess a ren1-like local haplotype. in this study, we show that in addition to the typical ren1-associated late post-penetration resistance, these accessions display a range of different levels of disease development suggesti ... | 2015 | 26504579 |
| in vivo assay to monitor flavonoid uptake across plant cell membranes. | flavonoids represent one of the most important molecules of plant secondary metabolism, playing many different biochemical and physiological roles. although their essential role in plant life and human health has been elucidated by many studies, their subcellular transport and accumulation in plant tissues remains unclear. this is due to the absence of a convenient and simple method to monitor their transport. in the present work, we suggest an assay able to follow in vivo transport of quercetin ... | 2015 | 26504740 |
| plants and other natural products used in the management of oral infections and improvement of oral health. | challenges of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials have opened new vistas in the search for natural products. this article rigorously reviews plants and other natural products used in oral health: punica granatum l. (pomegranate), matricaria recutita l. (chamomile), camellia sinensis (l.) kuntze (green tea), chewing sticks made from diospyros mespiliformis hochst. ex a.d.c., diospyros lycioides desf., and salvadora persica l. (miswak), honey and propolis from the manuka tree (leptospermum scop ... | 2016 | 26522671 |
| ectopic expression of a ve homolog vvve gene from vitis vinifera enhances defense response to verticillium dahliae infection in tobacco. | verticillium wilt is a soil borne disease that can cause devastating losses to the production of many economically important crops. a ve1 homologous gene responding to verticillium dahliae infection was identified in vitis vinifera cv. "heifeng" by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and was designated as vvve. the overexpression of vvve in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants significantly enhanced the resistance to isolate v991 of v. dahliae when compared with ... | 2016 | 26524501 |
| assessment of tomato and wine processing solid wastes as soil amendments for biosolarization. | pomaces from tomato paste and wine production are the most abundant fruit processing residues in california. these residues were examined as soil amendments for solarization to promote conditions conducive to soil disinfestation (biosolarization). simulated biosolarization studies were performed in both aerobic and anaerobic soil environments and soil temperature elevation, ph, and evolution of co2, h2 and ch4 gases were measured as metrics of soil microbial activity. tomato pomace amendment ind ... | 2016 | 26525530 |
| enhanced extracellular production of trans-resveratrol in vitis vinifera suspension cultured cells by using cyclodextrins and coronatine. | in the present work the effect of cyclodextrin and coronatine on both trans-resveratrol production and the expression of stilbene biosynthetic genes in vitis vinifera l. cv monastrell suspension cultured cells were evaluated. the results showed the maximum level of trans-resveratrol produced by cells and secreted to the culture medium with 50 mm cyclodextrins and 1 μm coronatine. since the levels of trans-resveratrol produced in the combined treatment were higher than the sum of the individual t ... | 2015 | 26529079 |
| relative prevalence of grapevine leafroll-associated virus species in wine grape-growing regions of california. | some diseases manifest as one characteristic set of symptoms to the host, but can be caused by multiple pathogens. control treatments based on plant symptoms can make it difficult to effectively manage such diseases, as the biology of the underlying pathogens can vary. grapevine leafroll disease affects grapes worldwide, and is associated with several viral species in the family closteroviridae. whereas some of the viruses associated with this disease are transmitted by insect vectors, others ar ... | 2015 | 26529503 |
| association analysis of grapevine bunch traits using a comprehensive approach. | a set of snp markers associated to bunch compactness and related traits were identified in grapevine. | 2016 | 26536891 |
| steroid 5β-reductase from leaves of vitis vinifera: molecular cloning, expression, and modeling. | a steroid 5β-reductase gene corresponding to the hypothetical protein loc100247199 from leaves of vitis vinifera (var. 'chardonnay') was cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant protein showed 5β-reductase activity when progesterone was used as a substrate. the reaction was stereoselective, producing only 5β-products such as 5β-pregnane-3,20-dione. other small substrates (terpenoids and enones) were also accepted as substrates, indicating the highly promiscuous character of ... | 2015 | 26537436 |
| laser microdissection of grapevine leaves reveals site-specific regulation of transcriptional response to plasmopara viticola. | grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops in the world, and it is highly susceptible to downy mildew caused by the biotrophic oomycete plasmopara viticola. gene expression profiling has been used extensively to investigate the regulation processes of grapevine-p. viticola interaction, but all studies to date have involved the use of whole leaves. however, only a small fraction of host cells is in contact with the pathogen, so highly localized transcriptional changes of infected cells ma ... | 2016 | 26546320 |
| the effects of cold stress on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) leaves. | according to some estimates, a 70% increase in crop yield could be achieved if the environmental conditions were close to the optimum ones for a given plant, which is why the identification and control of adverse environmental effects is a top priority in many countries worldwide. this paper contains a discussion of the changes in selected elements of the secondary metabolism in the leaves of two grapevine varieties (vitis vinifera l.) with a different degree of tolerance to cold stress during p ... | 2015 | 26555272 |
| effect of drying methods on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of brazilian winemaking byproducts and their stability over storage. | this work aimed to study the antioxidant capacity by different methods, the total content of polyphenols and the stability over time of dried byproducts from brazilian hybrids and vitis vinifera varieties. oven-dried at 50 °c and spray-dried samples were monitored for 90 days of storage. under testing conditions, brs violeta grapes showed the greatest stability and initial high levels of total phenolics and anthocyanins remained almost unchanged until the end of storage period. the same behavior ... | 2015 | 26560711 |
| [effects of drip irrigation methods on the regulation between root and crown function of 'cabernet sauvignon' seedlings]. | the objective of this experiment was to study the effects of three irrigation methods, i.e., subsurface drip irrigation with a tank system (sdi) , plastic film mulched-drip irrigation (mdi), and conventional drip irrigation (di) on the regulation between root and crown function of vitis vinifera 'cabernet sauvignon' seedlings. the results showed that both the sdi and mdi systems promoted the growth of the grape seedlings compared with di, with the sdi system promoting the root growth, and mdi sy ... | 2015 | 26571649 |
| five omic technologies are concordant in differentiating the biochemical characteristics of the berries of five grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) cultivars. | grape cultivars and wines are distinguishable by their color, flavor and aroma profiles. omic analyses (transcripts, proteins and metabolites) are powerful tools for assessing biochemical differences in biological systems. | 2015 | 26573226 |
| latent developmental and evolutionary shapes embedded within the grapevine leaf. | across plants, leaves exhibit profound diversity in shape. as a single leaf expands, its shape is in constant flux. plants may also produce leaves with different shapes at successive nodes. in addition, leaf shape varies among individuals, populations and species as a result of evolutionary processes and environmental influences. because leaf shape can vary in many different ways, theoretically, the effects of distinct developmental and evolutionary processes are separable, even within the shape ... | 2016 | 26580864 |
| two key polymorphisms in a newly discovered allele of the vitis vinifera tps24 gene are responsible for the production of the rotundone precursor α-guaiene. | rotundone was initially identified as a grape-derived compound responsible for the peppery aroma of shiraz wine varieties. it has subsequently been found in black and white pepper and several other spices. because of its potent aroma, the molecular basis for rotundone formation is of particular relevance to grape and wine scientists and industry. we have identified and functionally characterized in planta a sesquiterpene synthase, vvguas, from developing grape berries, and have demonstrated that ... | 2016 | 26590310 |
| characterization of major ripening events during softening in grape: turgor, sugar accumulation, abscisic acid metabolism, colour development, and their relationship with growth. | along with sugar accumulation and colour development, softening is an important physiological change during the onset of ripening in fruits. in this work, we investigated the relationships among major events during softening in grape (vitis vinifera l.) by quantifying elasticity in individual berries. in addition, we delayed softening and inhibited sugar accumulation using a mechanical growth-preventing treatment in order to identify processes that are sugar and/or growth dependent. ripening pro ... | 2016 | 26590311 |
| cytochrome p450 cyp71be5 in grapevine (vitis vinifera) catalyzes the formation of the spicy aroma compound (-)-rotundone. | (-)-rotundone is a potent odorant molecule with a characteristic spicy aroma existing in various plants including grapevines (vitis vinifera). it is considered to be a significant compound in wines and grapes because of its low sensory threshold and aroma properties. (-)-rotundone was first identified in red wine made from the grape cultivar syrah and here we report the identification of vvsto2 as a α-guaiene 2-oxidase which can transform α-guaiene to (-)-rotundone in the grape cultivar syrah. i ... | 2016 | 26590863 |
| profile of bioactive compounds from grape pomace (vitis vinifera and vitis labrusca) by spectrophotometric, chromatographic and spectral analyses. | the aim of this study was to characterize grape pomace (gp) from winemaking byproducts of different grape samples (cabernet sauvignon-cs; merlot-me; mix composed of 65% bordeaux, 25% isabel and 10% brs violet-mi and terci-te) with a view to exploiting its potential as a source of bioactive compounds and an alternative to the reuse of waste. bioactive compounds such as individual phenolic compounds and polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) were identified and quantified by spectrophotometric, chroma ... | 2015 | 26590878 |
| understanding the constitutive and induced biosynthesis of mono- and sesquiterpenes in grapes (vitis vinifera): a key to unlocking the biochemical secrets of unique grape aroma profiles. | the present review integrates current knowledge on mono- and sesquiterpenes in grapes with a special focus on biochemical and physiological aspects. recent research has impressively shown the prominence of terpenoid metabolism in grapevine (vitis sp). the 69 putatively functional mono- and sesquiterpene synthases that were identified by the analysis of the updated 12-fold sequencing and assembly of the grapevine genome deliver the scaffolds for structural diversity and display a surprising expan ... | 2015 | 26592256 |
| evaluation of the anthocyanin release and health-promoting properties of pinot noir grape juices after pulsed electric fields. | this study evaluated the health-promoting properties of pinot noir juices (vitis vinifera l.) obtained at different maceration times after pulsed electric fields (pef) using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging and human intestinal caco-2 cells assays. juice quality, anthocyanins, total phenolics and vitamin c were also determined. the evaluation of bioprotective capacity of the juice against h2o2-induced oxidative stress in caco-2 cells was determined using biomarkers for cel ... | 2016 | 26593562 |
| pre-harvest application of polyamines enhances antioxidants and table grape (vitis vinifera l.) quality during postharvest period. | pre-harvest foliar spraying of grapevines with putrescine (put) and spermidine (spd) (0, 1, 2mm) was evaluated for determining the fruit quality at harvest and improving postharvest characteristics of table grapes during cold storage. fruit parameters in terms of firmness, fungal infection, weight loss, total phenol concentration, antioxidant activity, skin color, total anthocyanin concentration, total soluble solids (tss) and titratable acidity (ta) were evaluated after 0, 25 and 55 days of sto ... | 2016 | 26593587 |
| support vector machine and artificial neural network models for the classification of grapevine varieties using a portable nir spectrophotometer. | the identification of different grapevine varieties, currently attended using visual ampelometry, dna analysis and very recently, by hyperspectral analysis under laboratory conditions, is an issue of great importance in the wine industry. this work presents support vector machine and artificial neural network's modelling for grapevine varietal classification from in-field leaf spectroscopy. modelling was attempted at two scales: site-specific and a global scale. spectral measurements were obtain ... | 2015 | 26600316 |
| grapevine plasticity in response to an altered microclimate: sauvignon blanc modulates specific metabolites in response to increased berry exposure. | in this study, the metabolic and physiological impacts of an altered microclimate on quality-associated primary and secondary metabolites in grape (vitis vinifera) 'sauvignon blanc' berries was determined in a high-altitude vineyard. the leaf and lateral shoot removal in the bunch zones altered the microclimate by increasing the exposure of the berries. the physical parameters (berry diameter and weight), primary metabolites (sugars and organic acids), as well as bunch temperature and leaf water ... | 2016 | 26628747 |
| assessment of the potential health benefits of certain total extracts from vitis vinifera, aesculus hyppocastanum and curcuma longa. | a number of recent studies have illustrated the active role of food/natural components in the prevention of chronic diseases and in the improvement of the quality of life. in the present study, we aimed to obtain and characterize certain extracts from vitis vinifera l., aesculus hippocastanum l. and curcuma longa l., focusing on their antioxidant effects in vitro. three vegetal extracts were obtained for each plant: in water, 50% water-alcohol and in 96% ethanol. these extracts were then analyze ... | 2015 | 26640536 |
| grapevine petioles are more sensitive to drought induced embolism than stems: evidence from in vivo mri and microcomputed tomography observations of hydraulic vulnerability segmentation. | the 'hydraulic vulnerability segmentation' hypothesis predicts that expendable distal organs are more susceptible to water stress-induced embolism than the main stem of the plant. in the current work, we present the first in vivo visualization of this phenomenon. in two separate experiments, using magnetic resonance imaging or synchrotron-based microcomputed tomography, grapevines (vitis vinifera) were dehydrated while simultaneously scanning the main stems and petioles for the occurrence of emb ... | 2016 | 26648337 |
| sequence-based analysis of the vitis vinifera l. cv cabernet sauvignon grape must mycobiome in three south african vineyards employing distinct agronomic systems. | recent microbiomic research of agricultural habitats has highlighted tremendous microbial biodiversity associated with such ecosystems. data generated in vineyards have furthermore highlighted significant regional differences in vineyard biodiversity, hinting at the possibility that such differences might be responsible for regional differences in wine style and character, a hypothesis referred to as "microbial terroir." the current study further contributes to this body of work by comparing the ... | 2015 | 26648930 |
| congruent deep relationships in the grape family (vitaceae) based on sequences of chloroplast genomes and mitochondrial genes via genome skimming. | vitaceae is well-known for having one of the most economically important fruits, i.e., the grape (vitis vinifera). the deep phylogeny of the grape family was not resolved until a recent phylogenomic analysis of 417 nuclear genes from transcriptome data. however, it has been reported extensively that topologies based on nuclear and organellar genes may be incongruent due to differences in their evolutionary histories. therefore, it is important to reconstruct a backbone phylogeny of the grape fam ... | 2015 | 26656830 |
| grapevine fruit extract protects against radiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human lymphocyte. | ionizing radiation (ir) causes oxidative stress through overwhelming generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) in the living cells leading the oxidative damage further to biomolecules. grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) posses several bioactive phytochemicals and is the richest source of antioxidants. in this study, we investigated v. vinifera for its phytochemical content, enzymes profile and, ros- and oxidant-scavenging activities. we have also studied the fruit extract of four different grapevin ... | 2015 | 26669019 |
| effects of grapevine leafroll associated virus 3 (glrav-3) and duration of infection on fruit composition and wine chemical profile of vitis vinifera l. cv. sauvignon blanc. | in order to determine the effects of grapevine leafroll associated virus 3 (glrav-3) on fruit composition and chemical profile of juice and wine from vitis vinifera l. cv. sauvignon blanc grown in new zealand, composition variables were measured on fruit from vines either infected with glrav-3 (established or recent infections) or uninfected vines. physiological ripeness (20.4°brix) was the criterion established to determine the harvest date for each of the three treatments. date of grape ripene ... | 2016 | 26675855 |
| studying the effect of storage conditions on the metabolite content of red wine using hilic lc-ms based metabolomics. | the main aim of this work was to develop an untargeted normal phase lc-ms method, starting from a targeted method already validated for the analysis of 135 polar metabolites. since the lc instrument and column were the same, most of the chromatographic conditions remained identical, while the adaptations focused on maintaining the ionic strength of the eluents constant. the sample preparation was simplified and the effectiveness of lc-ms for long batches was evaluated, in order to record the max ... | 2016 | 26675875 |
| aloe vera and vitis vinifera improve wound healing in an in vivo rat burn wound model. | aloe vera and vitis vinifera have been traditionally used as wound healing agents. the present study aimed to investigate the effects of aloe emodin and resveratrol in the burn wound healing procedure. burn wounds are common in developed and developing countries, however, in developing countries, the incidence of severe complications is higher and financial resources are limited. the results of the present study demonstrated that neither aloe emodin or resveratrol were cytotoxic to thp-1 macroph ... | 2016 | 26677006 |
| ecophysiological and phytochemical response to ozone of wine grape cultivars of vitis vinifera l. | vitis vinifera sensitivity to tropospheric ozone (o3) has been evidenced in several studies. in this work, physiological and metabolic effects of o3 on two wine cultivars of v. vinifera (i.e. maturano and san giuseppe) have been studied. moreover, chlorogenic acid (cga) production, in consideration of its importance in the biosynthetic pathway of polyphenols and as antioxidant, has been investigated. maturano cultivar resulted more sensitive to o3, as evidenced by the gas exchange reduction at t ... | 2015 | 26679737 |
| pink berry grape (vitis vinifera l.) characterization: reflectance spectroscopy, hplc and molecular markers. | color has a fundamental role for the qualitative evaluation and cultivar characterization of fruits. in grape, a normally functional pigment biosynthesis leads to the accumulation of a high quantity of anthocyanins. in this work, 28 vitis vinifera l. cultivars accumulating low anthocyanins in berries were studied to characterize the biosynthetic dysfunctions in both a phenotypic and genotypic point of view. reflectance spectroscopy, hplc profiles and molecular markers related to vvmyba1 and vvmy ... | 2016 | 26687319 |
| identification and expression analysis of heat shock transcription factors in the wild chinese grapevine (vitis pseudoreticulata). | heat shock transcription factors (hsfs) are known to play pivotal roles in the adaptation of plants to heat stress and other stress stimuli. while grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide, little is known about the hsf family in vitis spp. here, we identified nineteen putative hsf genes (vvihsfs) in vitis spp based on the 12 × grape genome (v. vinifera l.). phylogenetic analysis revealed three classes of grape hsf genes (classes a, b, and c). additional co ... | 2016 | 26689772 |
| tissue-specific expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in white- and red-fleshed grape cultivars. | yan73, a teinturier (dyer) grape variety in china, is one of the few vitis vinifera cultivars with red-coloured berry flesh. to examine the tissue-specific expression of genes associated with berry colour in yan73, we analysed the differential accumulation of anthocyanins in the skin and flesh tissues of two red-skinned grape varieties with either red (yan73) or white flesh (muscat hamburg) based on hplc-ms analysis, as well as the differential expression of 18 anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in ... | 2015 | 26703539 |
| effects of proanthocyanidin on oxidative stress biomarkers and adipokines in army cadets: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. | the relatively recent advent of polyphenol supplement for exercise studies has been tested in a variety of forms and doses. however, the dose-response on adipokines and oxidative stress biomarker effect remains unknown. the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of intense, long-duration (48-h) exercise, and a single dose of proanthocyanidin, on plasma leptin, adiponectin, and electronegative low-density lipoprotein (ldl(-)) concentrations. | 2017 | 26704712 |
| recovery of polyphenols from red grape pomace and assessment of their antioxidant and anti-cholesterol activities. | the present work aimed at the recovery and characterization of polyphenolic compounds extracted from red grape pomace (vitis vinifera l.), a winemaking by-product. polyphenolic compounds of wet (wp) and dried (dp) red pomace were recovered by enzymatic digestions and ethanol-based extractions. fungamyl and celluclast enzymes were found to be the most effective in enhancing polyphenol release from wp. wp samples showed the highest capacity of releasing polyphenols with 2h control 24°c and 2h 1% c ... | 2016 | 26705904 |
| kaolin exogenous application boosts antioxidant capacity and phenolic content in berries and leaves of grapevine under summer stress. | heat waves, high light intensities and water deficit are becoming important threats in many important viticultural areas worldwide, so the implementation of efficient and cost-effective mitigation strategies is crucial for the production of premium wines while maintaining productivity. in this context, the foliar application of kaolin, a chemically inert mineral with excellent reflective properties, is being developed and experimented as a strategy to reduce the impact of heat and drought in dou ... | 2016 | 26717011 |
| antimicrobial properties of black grape (vitis vinifera l.) peel extracts against antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and toxin producing molds. | black grape peel possesses a substantial amount of polyphenolic antimicrobial compounds that can be used for controlling the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. the purpose of this study was to assess antibacterial and antifungal activity of black grape peel extracts against antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and toxin producing molds, respectively. | 2017 | 26729960 |
| regulation of cell wall remodeling in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) callus under individual mineral stress deficiency. | cell wall (cw) is a dynamic structure that determines the plant form, growth and response to environmental conditions. vitis vinifera callus grown under nitrogen (-n), phosphorous (-p) and sulfur (-s) deficiency were used as a model system to address the influence of mineral stress in cw remodeling. callus cells morphology was altered, mostly under -n, resulting in changes in cell length and width compared with the control. cw composition ascertained with specific staining and immuno-detection s ... | 2016 | 26735749 |
| botrytis californica, a new cryptic species in the b. cinerea species complex causing gray mold in blueberries and table grapes. | the botrytis cinerea species complex comprises two cryptic species, originally referred to group i and group ii based on bc-hch gene rflp haplotyping. group i was described as a new cryptic species b. pseudocinerea during a survey of botrytis spp. causing gray mold in blueberries and table grapes in the central valley of california, six isolates, three from blueberries and three from table grapes, were placed in group i but had a distinct morphological character with conidiophores significantly ... | 2016 | 26740541 |
| lymphatic edema of the lower limbs after orthopedic surgery: results of a randomized, open-label clinical trial with a new extended-release preparation. | the lymphedema is a high interstitial protein concentration edema, caused by impaired lymphatic transport capacity. it can be primary or secondary. the secondary form may be caused by a lesion of the lymphatic vessels and/or lymph nodes during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures such as surgical interventions. often, in clinical practice, there is lymphedema after orthopedic surgery, even in minor orthopedic surgery. lymphedema, typically presents symptoms of swelling, pain, inflammation, and i ... | 2016 | 26753640 |
| berry shriveling significantly alters shiraz (vitis vinifera l.) grape and wine chemical composition. | berry shriveling is an often reported occurrence in the shiraz (vitis vinifera l.) cultivar. this study investigated the effect of berry shriveling occurring in a high yielding (18.6 ± 1.6 kg/vine) shiraz vineyard in relation to a temporal investigation of grape and wine composition using three harvest dates. berry shriveling resulted in delayed total soluble solids and amino acid accumulation into the berry, however differences between treatments diminished or became smaller by the third harves ... | 2016 | 26761394 |
| [effects of light intensity on associated enzyme activity and gene expression during callus formation of vitis vinifera]. | we analyzed the best light intensity for callus induction and maintenance in vitis vinifera and explored the mechanism of grape callus browning. tender stem segments of grape cultivar "gold finger" were used to study the effects of different light intensities (0, 500, 1 000, 1 500, 2 000, 2 500, 3 000 and 4 000 lx) on the induction rate, browning rate and associated enzyme activity and gene expression during vitis vinifera callus formation. the callus induction rate under 0, 500, 1 000 and 1 500 ... | 2015 | 26762043 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity and effect on biofilm production of a white grape juice (vitis vinifera) extract. | background. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a white grape juice extract (wgje) against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and the fungus aspergillus niger. wgje was also tested on the production of bacterial biofilms in vitro. results. wgje inhibited in vitro most gram-positive bacteria tested, staphylococcus aureus atcc 6538p being the most sensitive strain (mic values of 3.9 μg/ml). the effect was bactericidal at the concentrat ... | 2015 | 26770255 |
| post-harvest proteomics of grapes infected by penicillium during withering to produce amarone wine. | the study of withered grape infection by penicillium, a potentially toxigenic fungus, is relevant to preserve grape quality during the post-harvest dehydration process. this report describes the first proteomic analysis of amarone wine grapes, infected by two strains of penicillium expansum (pe1) and penicillium crustosum (pc4). protein identification by ms analysis allowed a better understanding of physiological mechanisms underlying the pathogen attack. the pe1 strain had a major impact on vit ... | 2016 | 26776019 |
| identification of s-3-(hexanal)-glutathione and its bisulfite adduct in grape juice from vitis vinifera l. cv. sauvignon blanc as new potential precursors of 3sh. | two main precursors (s-3-(hexan-1-ol)-l-cysteine and s-3-(hexan-1-ol)-l-glutathione) of 3-sulfanylhexanol (3sh, formerly named 3-mercaptohexanol) have been identified so far in grape juice but a correlation between precursor concentrations in grape juices and 3sh concentrations in wines is not always observed. this suggests that there may be other compounds associated with the aromatic potential. in this work, s-3-(hexanal)-glutathione (glut-3sh-al) and its bisulfite (glut-3sh-so3) adduct were i ... | 2016 | 26776028 |
| administration of a polyphenol-enriched feed to farmed sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax l.) modulates intestinal and spleen immune responses. | farmed fish are exposed to a continuous antigenic pressure by microbial and environmental agents, which may lead to a condition of chronic inflammation. in view of the notion that polyphenols, largely contained in fruits and vegetables, are endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, farmed sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax l.) have been administered with red grape polyphenol-enriched feed. polyphenols were extracted from the seeds of canosina nero di troia vitis vinifera and mixed w ... | 2016 | 26779301 |
| chemical characterization, free radical scavenging, and cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a stilbenoid-rich root extract of vitis vinifera. | dietary stilbenoids are receiving increasing attention due to their potential health benefits. however, most studies concerning the bioactivity of stilbenoids were conducted with pure compounds, for example, resveratrol. the aim of this study was to characterize a complex root extract of vitis vinifera in terms of its free radical scavenging and cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. hplc-esi-ms/ms analyses of the root extract of vitis vinifera identified seven stilbenoids includ ... | 2016 | 26788254 |
| overexpression of muscadinia rotundifolia cbf2 gene enhances biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in arabidopsis. | c-repeat-binding factor dehydration-responsive element-binding factor 1c (cbf2/dreb1c) gene encodes a small family of transcriptional activator that has been described as playing an important role in freezing tolerance and cold acclimation of plants. we here report that cbf2 gene also plays an important role in the early response to the pathogen infection of grapevine downy mildew disease. the expression level of cbf2 increased dramatically and reached a peak at 7 h after infection in immune gra ... | 2017 | 26795343 |
| grapes (vitis vinifera) as a potential candidate for the therapy of the metabolic syndrome. | metabolic syndrome is associated with several disorders, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia as well as cardiovascular diseases and stroke. plant-derived polyphenols, compounds found in numerous plant species, play an important role as potential treatments for components of metabolic syndrome. studies have provided evidence for protective effects of various polyphenol-rich foods against metabolic syndrome. fruits, vegetables, cereals, nuts, and berries are rich in polyphenolic compo ... | 0 | 26800498 |
| comparative genome-wide transcriptome analysis of vitis vinifera responses to adapted and non-adapted strains of two-spotted spider mite, tetranyhus urticae. | the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae, is an extreme generalist plant pest. even though mites can feed on many plant species, local mite populations form host races that do not perform equally well on all potential hosts. an acquisition of the ability to evade plant defenses is fundamental for mite's ability to use a particular plant as a host. thus, understanding the interactions between the plant and mites with different host adaptation status allows the identification of functional ... | 2016 | 26801623 |
| diversity of bacterial endophytes in 3 and 15 year-old grapevines of vitis vinifera cv. corvina and their potential for plant growth promotion and phytopathogen control. | this study represents the first investigation on ecology of endophytic bacteria isolated from 3 and 15 year-old vine stems of vitis vinifera cv. corvina. the analysis was performed by means of culture-dependent techniques. the obtained results showed that new grapevine endophytic genera are being discovered. moreover, bacilli and actinobacteria are frequently isolated from 3 year-old plants, whereas alpha- and gamma- proteobacteria classes are more prevalent in the 15 year-old plants. shannon-wi ... | 2016 | 26805617 |
| pathogenesis-related proteins limit the retention of condensed tannin additions to red wines. | exogenous additions of condensed tannin (ct) to must or wine are a common winemaking practice, but many studies have reported inexplicably low and variable retention of added ct. we observed that additions of purified ct to red wines can result in the formation of an insoluble precipitate with high nitrogen content. proteomic analysis of the precipitant identified several classes of pathogenesis-related proteins. proteins in juices and red wines were quantitated by sds-page and were highest in n ... | 2016 | 26806526 |
| distribution and features of the six classes of peroxiredoxins. | peroxiredoxins are cysteine-dependent peroxide reductases that group into 6 different, structurally discernable classes. in 2011, our research team reported the application of a bioinformatic approach called active site profiling to extract active site-proximal sequence segments from the 29 distinct, structurally-characterized peroxiredoxins available at the time. these extracted sequences were then used to create unique profiles for the six groups which were subsequently used to search genbank( ... | 2016 | 26810075 |
| molecular candidates for early-stage flower-to-fruit transition in stenospermocarpic table grape (vitis vinifera l.) inflorescences ascribed by differential transcriptome and metabolome profiles. | flower-to-fruit transition depends of nutrient availability and regulation at the molecular level by sugar and hormone signalling crosstalk. however, in most species, the identities of fruit initiation regulators and their targets are largely unknown. to ascertain the main pathways involved in stenospermocarpic table grape fruit set, comprehensive transcriptional and metabolomic analyses were conducted specifically targeting the early phase of this developmental stage in 'thompson seedless'. the ... | 2016 | 26810452 |
| structural and functional annotation of the mads-box transcription factor family in grapevine. | mads-box genes encode transcription factors that are involved in developmental control and signal transduction in eukaryotes. in plants, they are associated to numerous development processes most notably those related to reproductive development: flowering induction, specification of inflorescence and flower meristems, establishment of flower organ identity, as well as regulation of fruit, seed and embryo development. genomic analyses of mads-box genes in different plant species are providing ne ... | 2016 | 26818751 |
| kaempferol as selective human mao-a inhibitor: analytical detection in calabrian red wines, biological and molecular modeling studies. | the purpose of this work was to determine the kaempferol content in three red wines of calabria, a southern italian region with a great number of certified food products. considering that wine cultivar, climate, and soil influence the qualitative and quantitative composition in flavonoids of vitis vinifera l. berries, the three analyzed samples were taken from the 2013 vintage. moreover, the gaglioppo samples, with assigned controlled origin denomination (doc), were also investigated in the prod ... | 2016 | 26821152 |
| transcriptomic analysis of grapevine (cv. summer black) leaf, using the illumina platform. | proceeding to illumina sequencing, determining rna integrity numbers for poly rna were separated from each of the four developmental stages of cv. summer black leaves by using illumina hiseq™ 2000. the sums of 272,941,656 reads were generated from vitis vinifera leaf at four different developmental stages, with more than 27 billion nucleotides of the sequence data. at each growth stage, rna samples were indexed through unique nucleic acid identifiers and sequenced. kegg annotation results depict ... | 2016 | 26824474 |
| the grapevine vviprx31 peroxidase as a candidate gene involved in anthocyanin degradation in ripening berries under high temperature. | anthocyanin levels decline in some red grape berry varieties ripened under high-temperature conditions, but the underlying mechanism is not yet clear. here we studied the effects of two different temperature regimes, representing actual sangiovese (vitis vinifera l.) viticulture regions, on the accumulation of mrnas and enzymes controlling berry skin anthocyanins. potted uniform plants of sangiovese were kept from veraison to harvest, in two plastic greenhouses with different temperature conditi ... | 2016 | 26825649 |
| shared and divergent pathways for flower abscission are triggered by gibberellic acid and carbon starvation in seedless vitis vinifera l. | abscission is a highly coordinated developmental process by which plants control vegetative and reproductive organs load. aiming at get new insights on flower abscission regulation, changes in the global transcriptome, metabolome and physiology were analyzed in 'thompson seedless' grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) inflorescences, using gibberellic acid (gac) spraying and shading as abscission stimuli, applied at bloom. | 2016 | 26832927 |
| novel functional micrornas from virus-free and infected vitis vinifera plants under water stress. | micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas that regulate the post-transcriptional control of several pathway intermediates, thus playing pivotal roles in plant growth, development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. in recent years, the grapevine genome release, small(s)-rnaseq and degradome-rnaseq together has allowed the discovery and characterisation of many mirna species, thus rendering the discovery of additional mirnas difficult and uncertain. taking advantage of the mirna respo ... | 2016 | 26833264 |
| natural antimicrobials and oral microorganisms: a systematic review on herbal interventions for the eradication of multispecies oral biofilms. | oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis are mainly caused by microbial biofilms. antibiotic therapy has reached its limits with regard to antimicrobial resistance, and new therapeutic measures utilizing natural phytochemicals are currently a focus of research. hence, this systematic review provides a critical presentation of the antimicrobial effects of various medicinal herbs against in vitro, ex vivo, and in situ formed multispecies oral biofilms. searches were performed in three englis ... | 2015 | 26834707 |
| diversity of mycotoxin-producing black aspergilli in canadian vineyards. | several aspergillus species produce ochratoxin a (ota) and/or fumonisins on wine and table grapes. the relevant species and their mycotoxins have been investigated in a number of wine-producing regions around the world; however, similar data have not been reported for canadian vineyards. a multiyear survey of black aspergilli in niagara, on, vineyards was conducted to determine the diversity of species present and to assess the risk of ota and fumonisin contamination of wine grapes from this reg ... | 2016 | 26837797 |
| key enzymes behind black pepper aroma in wines. | 2016 | 26839218 | |
| genome-wide detection of snp and sv variations to reveal early ripening-related genes in grape. | early ripening in grape (vitis vinifera l.) is a crucial agronomic trait. the fruits of the grape line 'summer black' (sbbm), which contains a bud mutation, can be harvested approximately one week earlier than the 'summer black' (sbc)control. to investigate the molecular mechanism of the bud mutation related to early ripening, we detected genome-wide genetic variations based on re-sequencing. in total, 3,692,777 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and 81,223 structure variations (svs) in the ... | 2016 | 26840449 |
| expression of grapevine aintegumenta-like genes is associated with variation in ovary and berry size. | fruit size is a highly important trait for most fruit and vegetable crops. this trait has been a main selection target and could be involved in divergent selection processes leading to the differentiation between modern table and wine cultivars. even though its determination is highly influenced by cultural practices, several regions within the grapevine genome have been identified affecting berry size, either directly or indirectly through their effect on seed content. using grapevine seeded cu ... | 2016 | 26843119 |
| short-time xylem relaxation results in reliable quantification of embolism in grapevine petioles and sheds new light on their hydraulic strategy. | in recent years, the validity of embolism quantification methods has been questioned, especially for long-vesseled plants. some studies have suggested that cutting xylem while under tension, even under water, might generate artificial cavitation. accordingly, a rehydration procedure prior to hydraulic measurements has been recommended to avoid this artefact. on the other hand, concerns have been raised that xylem refilling might occur when samples are rehydrated. here, we explore the potential b ... | 2016 | 26843208 |
| whole-genome sequencing reveals a new genospecies of methylobacterium sp. gxs13, isolated from vitis vinifera l. xylem sap. | the whole-genome sequence of a new genospecies of methylobacterium sp., named gxs13 and isolated from grapevine xylem sap, is reported and demonstrates potential for methylotrophy, cytokinin synthesis, and cell wall modification. in addition, biosynthetic gene clusters were identified for cupriachelin, carotenoid, and acyl-homoserine lactone using the antismash server. | 2016 | 26847900 |
| gc-ms metabolic profiling of cabernet sauvignon and merlot cultivars during grapevine berry development and network analysis reveals a stage- and cultivar-dependent connectivity of primary metabolites. | information about the total chemical composition of primary metabolites during grape berry development is scarce, as are comparative studies trying to understand to what extent metabolite modifications differ between cultivars during ripening. thus, correlating the metabolic profiles with the changes occurring in berry development and ripening processes is essential to progress in their comprehension as well in the development of new approaches to improve fruit attributes. here, the developmenta ... | 2017 | 26848290 |
| characterization of a multifunctional caffeoyl-coa o-methyltransferase activated in grape berries upon drought stress. | drought stress affects anthocyanin accumulation and modification in vegetative and reproductive plant tissues. anthocyanins are the most abundant flavonoids in grape (vitis vinifera l.) coloured berry genotypes and are essential markers of grape winemaking quality. they are mostly mono- and di-methylated, such modifications increase their stability and improve berry quality for winemaking. anthocyanin methylation in grape berries is induced by drought stress. a few caffeoyl-coa o-methyltransfera ... | 2016 | 26851572 |
| changes in the protective mechanism of photosystem ii and molecular regulation in response to high temperature stress in grapevines. | the response to high temperature stress, which influences the growth and development of grapes, varies between laboratory conditions and ambient growth conditions, and is poorly understood. in the present study, we investigated the effects of high temperature on grapevines (vitis vinifera l. × vitis labrusca l.) grown under artificial and ambient conditions. a temperature of 35 °c did not alter photosystem ii (ps ii) activity and the expression of some heat-shock protein (hsps) genes. these chan ... | 2016 | 26852109 |
| the vvimyb80 gene is abnormally expressed in vitis vinifera l. cv. 'zhong shan hong' and its expression in tobacco driven by the 35s promoter causes male sterility. | anther development is a very precise and complicated process. in arabidopsis, the atmyb80 transcription factor regulates genes involved in pollen development and controls the timing of tapetal programmed cell death (pcd). in this study, we isolated and characterized cdna for vvimyb80 expressed in flower buds of male-sterile vitis vinifera l. cv. 'zhong shan hong', a late-maturing cultivar derived from self-progeny of cv. 'wink'. vvimyb80 belongs to the myb80 subfamily and clusters with atmyb35/t ... | 2016 | 26858283 |
| comparative evaluation of total antioxidant capacities of plant polyphenols. | thirty-seven samples of naturally occurring phenolic compounds were evaluated using three common in vitro assays for total antioxidant activity (tac) testing: the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (teac), the ferric reducing antioxidant potential (frap) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging assay, in addition to the folin-ciocalteu reagent reactivity (fcr). we found that antioxidant hierarchies depended on the choice of assay and applied anova analyses to explore u ... | 2016 | 26867192 |
| improvement of grape and wine phenolic content by foliar application to grapevine of three different elicitors: methyl jasmonate, chitosan, and yeast extract. | phenolic compounds play a key role in grape and wine organoleptic properties, being therefore a key parameter in wine quality. elicitor application constitutes an interesting field of research since it is indirectly involved in the accumulation of phenolic compounds. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of the application of three different elicitors on both grape and wine phenolic content. methyl jasmonate, chitosan, and a commercial yeast extract were applied to the canopy at verais ... | 2016 | 26868568 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of vitis cv. monastrell suspension-cultured cells: determination of critical parameters. | although some works have explored the transformation of differentiated, embryogenic suspension-cultured cells (scc) to produce transgenic grapevine plants, to our knowledge this is one of the first reports on the efficient transformation of dedifferentiated vitis vinifera cv monastrell scc. this protocol has been developed using the sonication-assisted agrobacterium-mediated transformation (saat) method. a construct harboring the selectable nptii and the eyfp/iv2 marker genes was used in the stu ... | 2016 | 26871543 |