Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| serological detection of infection with canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus and canine adenovirus in communal dogs from zimbabwe. | domestic dogs are common amongst communities in sub-saharan africa and may serve as important reservoirs for infectious agents that may cause diseases in wildlife. two agents of concern are canine parvovirus (cpv) and canine distemper virus (cdv), which may infect and cause disease in large carnivore species such as african wild dogs and african lions, respectively. the impact of domestic dogs and their diseases on wildlife conservation is increasing in zimbabwe, necessitating thorough assessmen ... | 2014 | 25686382 |
| to kill, stay or flee: the effects of lions and landscape factors on habitat and kill site selection of cheetahs in south africa. | understanding how animals utilize available space is important for their conservation, as it provides insight into the ecological needs of the species, including those related to habitat, prey and inter and intraspecific interactions. we used 28 months of radio telemetry data and information from 200 kill locations to assess habitat selection at the 3rd order (selection of habitats within home ranges) and 4th order (selection of kill sites within the habitats used) of a reintroduced population o ... | 2015 | 25693067 |
| sound extinction by fish schools: forward scattering theory and data analysis. | a model used previously to study collective back scattering from fish schools [feuillade et al., j. acoust. soc. am. 99(1), 196-208 (1996)], is used to analyze the forward scattering properties of these objects. there is an essential physical difference between back and forward scattering from fish schools. strong frequency dependent interference effects, which affect the back scattered field amplitude, are absent in the forward scattering case. this is critically important for data analysis. th ... | 2015 | 25697989 |
| a nutrigenomic approach to detect nutritional stress from gene expression in blood samples drawn from steller sea lions. | gene expression profiles are increasingly being used as biomarkers to detect the physiological responses of a number of species to disease, nutrition, and other stressors. however, little attention has been given to using gene expression to assess the stressors and physiological status of marine mammals. we sought to develop and validate a nutrigenomic approach to quantify nutritional stress in steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus). we subjected 4 female steller sea lions to 3 feeding regimes o ... | 2015 | 25700740 |
| health assessment of free-ranging endangered australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea) pups: effect of haematophagous parasites on haematological parameters. | evaluation of the health status of free-ranging populations is important for understanding the impact of disease on individuals and on population demography and viability. in this study, haematological reference intervals were developed for free-ranging endangered australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea) pups within the context of endemic hookworm (uncinaria sanguinis) infection and the effects of pathogen, host, and environment factors on the variability of haematological parameters were investig ... | 2015 | 25724096 |
| heterozygote advantage at mhc drb may influence response to infectious disease epizootics. | the effect of mhc polymorphism on individual fitness variation in the wild remains equivocal; however, much evidence suggests that heterozygote advantage is a major determinant. to understand the contribution of mhc polymorphism to individual disease resistance or susceptibility in natural populations, we investigated two mhc class ii b loci, dqb and drb, in the new zealand sea lion (nzsl, phocarctos hookeri). the nzsl is a threatened species which is unusually susceptible to death by bacterial ... | 2015 | 25728376 |
| stress and telomere shortening among central indian conservation refugees. | research links psychosocial stress to premature telomere shortening and accelerated human aging; however, this association has only been demonstrated in so-called "weird" societies (western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic), where stress is typically lower and life expectancies longer. by contrast, we examine stress and telomere shortening in a non-western setting among a highly stressed population with overall lower life expectancies: poor indigenous people--the sahariya--who wer ... | 2015 | 25730846 |
| expression of the myostatin gene in the adductor muscle of the pacific lion-paw scallop nodipecten subnodosus in association with growth and environmental conditions. | the cdna sequence of the myostatin gene in the pacific lion-paw nodipecten subnodosus (ns-mstn) was characterized, and the temporal expression during grow-out was analyzed for the first time in a scallop. ns-mstn encodes a 459-amino-acid protein in which two propeptide proteolytic sites were identified, the previously recognized (rskr) and a second one at position 266-269 aa (rrkr). the alternative furin cleavage site could be related with post-translational processing, or it could be a tissue-s ... | 2015 | 25731876 |
| the prognostic relevance of node metastases in optimally cytoreduced advanced ovarian cancer. | to delineate the relevance of pelvic and para-aortic node involvement in optimally cytoreduced (residual tumour <1 cm) stage iiic ovarian cancer patients. | 2015 | 25739827 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a novel orthoreovirus from a brown-eared bulbul (hypsipetes amaurotis) in japan. | five species, mammalian orthoreovirus, avian orthoreovirus (arv), nelson bay orthoreovirus (nbv), baboon orthoreovirus and reptilian orthoreovirus, have been identified in the genus orthoreovirus. their genomes each consist of 10 dsrna segments. a novel orthoreovirus was isolated from the haemorrhagic intestine of a dead brown-eared bulbul (hypsipetes amaurotis) in japan. the virus formed syncytia in caco-2 and vero cells. electron microscopy revealed non-enveloped capsids of ~70 nm diameter, wh ... | 2015 | 25740958 |
| nasal, oral and rectal microbiota of black lion tamarins (leontopithecus chrysopygus). | black lion tamarins (leontopithecus chrysopygus) are endangered callithrichids. their conservation may require future translocations or reintroductions; however these approaches involve risks of pathogen introduction in the environment and stress-related opportunistic infections in these animals. in order to screen for opportunistic and potential pathogenic bacterial and fungal microbiota, ten free-ranging and ten captive black lion tamarins were studied and the results compared. nasal, oral and ... | 2014 | 25763064 |
| 210po and 210pb trophic transfer within the phytoplankton-zooplankton-anchovy/sardine food web: a case study from the gulf of lion (nw mediterranean sea). | the transfer of (210)po and (210)pb in the food web of small pelagic fishes (from phytoplankton and zooplankton to anchovy engraulis encrasicolus and sardine sardina pilchardus) is investigated in the gulf of lion (gol). we present original data of (210)po and (210)pb activity concentrations, c and n stable isotope ratios, measured (i) from different size classes of phytoplankton and zooplankton during spring and winter in different environments of the gol, and (ii) in two fish species. signific ... | 2015 | 25771222 |
| progress in the early identification of hearing impaired infants in mississippi. | the prevalence of permanent congenital hearing loss is three to four infants per thousand live births. because early intervention is effective in preventing speech and language delay, the nih has recommended universal newborn hearing screening. prior to this recommendation, several states, including mississippi which had one of the first hospital based screening programs, had statewide programs. in 1981 the lions clubs of mississippi and the university of mississippi medical center began an infa ... | 2014 | 25771621 |
| prevalence of depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in black lion general specialized hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. | background. the emotional consequences of diabetes have been scrutinized by a number of investigative teams and there are varying reports about the association of depression with type 2 diabetes mellitus. however, there is limited data about this in ethiopia. therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of comorbid depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients. methods and materials. institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a random sample of 276 type 2 ... | 2015 | 25789172 |
| predominant leptospiral serogroups circulating among humans, livestock and wildlife in katavi-rukwa ecosystem, tanzania. | leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease and a serious, under-reported public health problem, particularly in rural areas of tanzania. in the katavi-rukwa ecosystem, humans, livestock and wildlife live in close proximity, which exposes them to the risk of a number of zoonotic infectious diseases, including leptospirosis. | 2015 | 25806825 |
| phosphatidylcholine composition of pulmonary surfactant from terrestrial and marine diving mammals. | marine mammals are repeatedly exposed to elevated extra-thoracic pressure and alveolar collapse during diving and readily experience alveolar expansion upon inhalation - a unique capability as compared to terrestrial mammals. how marine mammal lungs overcome the challenges of frequent alveolar collapse and recruitment remains unknown. recent studies indicate that pinniped lung surfactant has more anti-adhesive components compared to terrestrial mammals, which would aid in alveolar opening. howev ... | 2015 | 25812797 |
| a sylvatic lifecycle of echinococcus equinus in the etosha national park, namibia. | various species of echinococcus have been described in the past from wild mammals of sub-saharan africa. however, it is only recently, that a few isolates have become available for molecular identification; therefore, the involvement of wildlife in the lifecycles of the various cryptic species within echinococcus granulosus sensu lato is still only partially known. a preliminary survey was undertaken in etosha national park, namibia, from august to october 2012. faecal samples were obtained from ... | 2015 | 25830103 |
| focal bacterial meningitis following ascending bite wound infection leading to paraparesis in a captive california sea lion (zalophus californianus). | magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 15-yr-old captive female california sea lion (zalophus californianus) with a 2-wk history of progressive paraparesis and a 9-mo history of exudative skin lesion on the left thoracic wall. magnetic resonance images showed a well-defined muscle infiltrating lesion ventrolateral to the seventh cervical to the third thoracic vertebra on the left side, which extended through the left intervertebral foramina c7 to t3 into the vertebral canal, causing spina ... | 2015 | 25831587 |
| real-time teleophthalmology in rural western australia. | this study aims to assess the current utilisation of a real-time teleophthalmology service for rural western australia (wa). | 2015 | 25851959 |
| bringing comfort and convenience to the colonial table: delhaize frères & cie's colonial department in the 1920s and 1930s. | the paper explores the role of convenient shopping in establishing a sense of comfort for europeans in a colonial environment. so far, there has been little investigation into how belgian retailers tried to gain a firm foothold in the congo, how they presented themselves and promoted their wares. this paper examines the activities of the colonial department of delhaize frères & cie 'le lion', belgium's first and largest food multiple. it examines how this large grocery chain tried to establish i ... | 2015 | 25862981 |
| examining the role of components of slc11a1 (nramp1) in the susceptibility of new zealand sea lions (phocarctos hookeri) to disease. | the new zealand sea lion (nzsl, phocarctos hookeri) is a threatened marine mammal with a restricted distribution and a small, declining, population size. the species is susceptible to bacterial pathogens, having suffered three mass mortality events since 1998. understanding the genetic factors linked to this susceptibility is important in mitigating population decline. the gene solute carrier family 11 member a1 (slc11a1) plays an important role in mammalian resistance or susceptibility to a wid ... | 2015 | 25874773 |
| opposite effects of male and female helpers on social tolerance and proactive prosociality in callitrichid family groups. | across a broad variety of primate species (including lemurs, new world monkeys, old world monkeys, and apes), proactive prosociality and social tolerance are linked to allomaternal care, reaching the highest levels in the cooperatively breeding callitrichid monkeys and humans. however, considerable variation exists within callitrichids, and the aim of this study was to identify factors that explain this variation. male and female callitrichids pursue different reproductive strategies, leading ma ... | 2015 | 25881136 |
| novel adenovirus detected in captive bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) suffering from self-limiting gastroenteritis. | adenoviruses are common pathogens in vertebrates, including humans. in marine mammals, adenovirus has been associated with fatal hepatitis in sea lions. however, only in rare cases have adenoviruses been detected in cetaceans, where no clear correlation was found between presence of the virus and disease status. | 2015 | 25888777 |
| mycobacterium bovis infection in the lion (panthera leo): current knowledge, conundrums and research challenges. | mycobacterium bovis has global public-health and socio-economic significance and can infect a wide range of species including the lion (panthera leo) resulting in tuberculosis. lions are classified as vulnerable under the iucn red list of threatened species and have experienced a 30% population decline in the past two decades. however, no attempt has been made to collate and critically evaluate the available knowledge of m. bovis infections in lions and potential effects on population. in this r ... | 2015 | 25891424 |
| diversity of mhc dqb and drb genes in the endangered australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea). | major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii molecules have an important role in vertebrate adaptive immunity, being responsible for recognizing, binding, and presenting specific antigenic peptides to t lymphocytes. here, we study the mhc class ii dqb and drb exon 2 genes of the australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea), an endangered pinniped species that experiences high pup mortality. following characterization of n. cinerea dqb and drb by molecular cloning, and evaluation of diversity in pup ... | 2015 | 25908666 |
| long-distance communication facilitates cooperation among wild spotted hyaenas, crocuta crocuta. | calls that catalyse group defence, as in the mobbing of predators, appear to facilitate cooperation by recruiting receivers to act collectively. however, even when such signals reliably precede cooperative behaviour, the extent to which the calls function as recruitment signals is unclear. calls might simply arouse listeners' attention, setting off a cascade of independent responses to the threat. by contrast, they might convey information, for example, about signaller identity and the nature of ... | 2015 | 25908882 |
| ivermectin treatment of free-ranging endangered australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea) pups: effect on hookworm and lice infection status, haematological parameters, growth, and survival. | a placebo-controlled study was used to investigate the effectiveness of ivermectin to treat hookworm (uncinaria sanguinis) and lice (antarctophthirus microchir) infections in free-ranging australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea) pups and to test the hypotheses that these parasitic infections cause anaemia, systemic inflammatory responses, and reduced growth, and contribute towards decreased pup survival. ivermectin was identified as an effective and safe anthelmintic in this species. pups administ ... | 2015 | 25911163 |
| estimation of shape of the sea lion for hydrodynamic analysis. response to 'cambered profile of a california sea lion's body'. | 2015 | 25911736 | |
| current efavirenz (efv) or ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (lpv/r) use correlates with elevate markers of atherosclerosis in hiv-infected subjects in addis ababa, ethiopia. | hiv patients on antiretroviral therapy have shown elevated incidence of dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, and cardiovascular disease (cvd). most studies, however, focus on cohorts from developed countries, with less data available for these co-morbidities in ethiopia and sub-saharan africa. | 2015 | 25915208 |
| proteomic analysis of plasma from california sea lions (zalophus californianus) reveals apolipoprotein e as a candidate biomarker of chronic domoic acid toxicosis. | domoic acid toxicosis (dat) in california sea lions (zalophus californianus) is caused by exposure to the marine biotoxin domoic acid and has been linked to massive stranding events and mortality. diagnosis is based on clinical signs in addition to the presence of domoic acid in body fluids. chronic dat further is characterized by reoccurring seizures progressing to status epilepticus. diagnosis of chronic dat is often slow and problematic, and minimally invasive tests for dat have been the focu ... | 2015 | 25919366 |
| molecular detection of antibiotic-resistance determinants in escherichia coli isolated from the endangered australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea). | greater interaction between humans and wildlife populations poses significant risks of anthropogenic impact to natural ecosystems, especially in the marine environment. understanding the spread of microorganisms at the marine interface is therefore important if we are to mitigate adverse effects on marine wildlife. we investigated the establishment of escherichia coli in the endangered australian sea lion (neophoca cinerea) by comparing fecal isolation from wild and captive sea lion populations. ... | 2015 | 25919463 |
| taming the lion: the challenge of immunity in regenerative medicine. | 2015 | 25933229 | |
| modelling ecological complexity for marine species conservation: the effect of variable connectivity on species spatial distribution and age-structure. | connectivity is currently emphasized as a key factor in conservation for its role in enhancing biodiversity of an area and giving benefit to the adjacent areas. for most marine species, connectivity is synonomous of larval dispersal. we applied a spatially explicit meta-population model to test the hypothesis that larval dispersal can affect local demographical features, consequently misleading conservation practice in the marine environment. simulations were carried out in the gulf of lions whe ... | 2014 | 25936212 |
| "altered fear in mice and humans". | fear learning is an adaptive, evolutionarily conserved process that allows us to respond appropriately to threats in the environment. these threats can vary across different contexts (e.g., a lion in your yard versus a lion in a zoo) and by age (e.g., a dentist viewed by a child before cavities versus by an adult after cavities). using the high degree of neural and behavioral conservation across species in fear regulation and the underlying neural circuitry, we examined how fear learning changes ... | 2013 | 25937708 |
| pneumonia and bacteremia in a golden-headed lion tamarin (leontopithecus chrysomelas) caused by klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae during a translocation program of free-ranging animals in brazil. | klebsiella pneumoniae is an important emerging pathogen in humans, particularly the invasive hypermucoviscosity (hmv) phenotype. in addition, the organism is an important public health concern because of nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance. nonhuman primates in captivity are susceptible to klebsiella, particularly when a stress factor is involved. infections vary depending on the species but can cause significant morbidity and mortality in these animals. the objective of this stud ... | 2015 | 25943130 |
| laparoscopic implantation of neuromodulators for treating urinary dysfunctions and improving locomotion in multiple sclerosis patients. | the laparoscopic implantation of neuromodulation electrodes--the lion procedure--was first described as a rescue procedure in patients with local complications of a brindley procedure. the objective of this video article is to demonstrate the technique for the laparoscopic implantation of electrodes for bilateral neuromodulation of femoral, sciatic and pudendal nerves and describe our initial experience with two multiple sclerosis (ms) patients. | 2015 | 25944656 |
| infection with trypanosoma cruzi tcii and tci in free-ranging population of lion tamarins (leontopithecus spp): an 11-year follow-up. | here, we present a review of the dataset resulting from the 11-years follow-up of trypanosoma cruzi infection in free-ranging populations of leontopithecus rosalia (golden lion tamarin) and leontopithecus chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarin) from distinct forest fragments in atlantic coastal rainforest. additionally, we present new data regarding t. cruzi infection of small mammals (rodents and marsupials) that live in the same areas as golden lion tamarins and characterisation at discrete t ... | 2015 | 25946156 |
| assessment of competition between fisheries and steller sea lions in alaska based on estimated prey biomass, fisheries removals and predator foraging behaviour. | a leading hypothesis to explain the dramatic decline of steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus) in western alaska during the latter part of the 20th century is a change in prey availability due to commercial fisheries. we tested this hypothesis by exploring the relationships between sea lion population trends, fishery catches, and the prey biomass accessible to sea lions around 33 rookeries between 2000 and 2008. we focused on three commercially important species that have dominated the sea lion ... | 2015 | 25950178 |
| diagnosing domoic acid toxicosis in the california sea lion (zalophus californianus) using behavioral criteria: a novel approach. | domoic acid toxicosis in the california sea lion (zalophus californianus) is difficult to diagnose using presence of toxin alone because the duration of domoic acid presence in blood and urine is generally less than 48 hr following exposure. because domoic acid toxicosis is often suggested by presentation of behavioral abnormalities, we asked whether assessment of behavior might be useful for diagnostic purposes. we developed an ethogram to categorize behavioral data collected via continuous foc ... | 2015 | 25962475 |
| development of a serological assay for the sea lion (zalophus californianus) anellovirus, zcav. | new diseases in marine animals are emerging at an increasing rate, yet methodological limitations hinder characterization of viral infections. viral metagenomics is an effective method for identifying novel viruses in diseased animals; however, determining virus pathogenesis remains a challenge. a novel anellovirus (zalophus californianus anellovirus, zcav) was recently reported in the lungs of captive california sea lions involved in a mortality event. zcav was not detected by pcr in the blood ... | 2015 | 25965294 |
| [neurotoxic the effects of chemotherapy on the function of the central nervous system in children with lymphoid tumors]. | in children with lymphoid tumors (lt) chemotherapy is the main treatment. it is known, that many chemotherapy drugs have toxic effects on the central nervous system and is a factor, that leads to significant cognitive impairment. purpose: search of neurophysiological, neurochemical, and psychological correlates of neurotoxicity in children with lt when programmed therapy. | 2015 | 25980230 |
| insights into the life history and ecology of a large shortfin mako shark isurus oxyrinchus captured in southern california. | in june 2013, a record-breaking female isurus oxyrinchus (total length 373 cm, mass 600 kg) was captured by rod and reel off huntington beach, california, where it was subsequently donated to research and provided a rare opportunity to collect the first data for a female i. oxyrinchus of this size. counts of vertebral band pairs estimate the shark to have been c. 22 years old, depending upon assumptions of band-pair deposition rates, and the distended uteri and spent ovaries indicated that this ... | 2015 | 25998058 |
| grammatical number processing and anticipatory eye movements are not tightly coordinated in english spoken language comprehension. | recent studies of eye movements in world-situated language comprehension have demonstrated that rapid processing of morphosyntactic information - e.g., grammatical gender and number marking - can produce anticipatory eye movements to referents in the visual scene. we investigated how type of morphosyntactic information and the goals of language users in comprehension affected eye movements, focusing on the processing of grammatical number morphology in english-speaking adults. participants' eye ... | 2015 | 25999900 |
| validating the relationship between 3-dimensional body acceleration and oxygen consumption in trained steller sea lions. | we tested the ability of overall dynamic body acceleration (odba) to predict the rate of oxygen consumption ([formula: see text]) in freely diving steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus) while resting at the surface and diving. the trained sea lions executed three dive types-single dives, bouts of multiple long dives with 4-6 dives per bout, or bouts of multiple short dives with 10-12 dives per bout-to depths of 40 m, resulting in a range of activity and oxygen consumption levels. average metabol ... | 2015 | 26002519 |
| inference by exclusion in lion-tailed macaques (macaca silenus), a hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas), capuchins (sapajus apella), and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | previous research has suggested that several primate species may be capable of reasoning by exclusion based on the finding that they can locate a hidden object when given information about where the object is not. the present research replicated and extended the literature by testing 2 old world monkey species, lion-tailed macaques (macaca silenus) and a hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas), and 2 new world species, capuchin monkeys (sapajus apella) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). the new ... | 2015 | 26010194 |
| age specific survival rates of steller sea lions at rookeries with divergent population trends in the russian far east. | after a dramatic population decline, steller sea lions have begun to recover throughout most of their range. however, steller sea lions in the western aleutians and commander islands are continuing to decline. comparing survival rates between regions with different population trends may provide insights into the factors driving the dynamics, but published data on vital rates have been extremely scarce, especially in regions where the populations are still declining. fortunately, an unprecedented ... | 2015 | 26016772 |
| differential predation by age and sex classes in blue wildebeest in serengeti: study of a modern carnivore den in olduvai gorge (tanzania). | age and sex selection of prey is an aspect of predator ecology which has been extensively studied in both temperate and african ecosystems. this dimension, along with fecundity, survival rates of prey and mortality factors other than predation are important in laying down the population dynamics of prey and have important implications in the management of species. a carnivore den located in the short-grassland ecological unit of the serengeti was studied. sex- and age- class (using five age cate ... | 2015 | 26017363 |
| molecular characterization and pathogenicity of a genogroup gvi feline norovirus. | norovirus (nov) has been classified into 6 genogroups, gi-gvi. in the present study, we identified novel feline nov (fnov) m49-1 strain. the c-terminal of rna-dependent rna polymerase of the fnov m49-1 strain was highly homologous with giv fnov and giv lion norovirus, whereas vp1 was highly homologous with gvi canine nov (cnov). based on the results of the simplot analysis, the fnov m49-1 strain may have been produced by recombination between giv.2 fnov and gvi.1 cnov. in addition, specific path ... | 2015 | 26026731 |
| a new species of leotichius distant (hemiptera: heteroptera: leptopodidae) from cambodia. | one new species, leotichius schuhi jung sp. nov., that shared habitat with the larvae of xeric adapted ant-lions (neuroptera), is described from northern cambodia. diagnosis, description and biological notes of the new species are presented. | 2013 | 26046184 |
| mechanism of asymmetric hydrogenation of aromatic ketones catalyzed by a combined system of ru(π-ch2c(ch3)ch2)2(cod) and the chiral sp(2)n/sp(3)nh hybrid linear n4 ligand ph-binan-h-py. | the combination of a goodwin-lions-type chiral n4 ligand, (r)-ph-binan-h-py ((r)-3,3'-diphenyl-n(2),n(2')-bis((pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diamine; l), with ru(π-ch2c(ch3)ch2)2(cod) (a) (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) catalyzes the hydrogenation of acetophenone (ap) to (r)-1-phenylethanol (pe) with a high enantiomer ratio (er). almost no ru complex forms, with a and l remaining intact throughout the reaction while generating pe quantitatively according to [pe] = k(obs)t(2). an infinites ... | 2015 | 26046693 |
| common cancer in a wild animal: the california sea lion (zalophus californianus) as an emerging model for carcinogenesis. | naturally occurring cancers in non-laboratory species have great potential in helping to decipher the often complex causes of neoplasia. wild animal models could add substantially to our understanding of carcinogenesis, particularly of genetic and environmental interactions, but they are currently underutilized. studying neoplasia in wild animals is difficult and especially challenging in marine mammals owing to their inaccessibility, lack of exposure history, and ethical, logistical and legal l ... | 2015 | 26056370 |
| pharmacokinetics of single-dose orally administered ciprofloxacin in california sea lions (zalophus californianus). | ciprofloxacin is commonly selected for clinical use due to its broad-spectrum efficacy and is a frequently administered antibiotic at the marine mammal center, a marine mammal rehabilitation facility. ciprofloxacin is used for treatment of california sea lions ( zalophus californianus ) suffering from a variety of bacterial infections at doses extrapolated from other mammalian species. however, as oral absorption is variable both within and across species, a more accurate determination of approp ... | 2015 | 26056878 |
| activation of an inflammatory response is context-dependent during early development of the california sea lion. | variations in immune function can arise owing to trade-offs, that is, the allocation of limited resources among costly competing physiological functions. nevertheless, there is little information regarding the ontogeny of the immune system within an ecological context, and it is still unknown whether development affects the way in which resources are allocated to different immune effectors. we investigated changes in the inflammatory response during early development of the california sea lion ( ... | 2015 | 26064646 |
| using social media to measure the contribution of red list species to the nature-based tourism potential of african protected areas. | cultural ecosystem services are defined by people's perception of the environment, which make them hard to quantify systematically. methods to describe cultural benefits from ecosystems typically include resource-demanding survey techniques, which are not suitable to assess cultural ecosystem services for large areas. in this paper we explore a method to quantify cultural benefits through the enjoyment of natured-based tourism, by assessing the potential tourism attractiveness of species for eac ... | 2015 | 26068111 |
| a multitracer approach to assess the spatial contamination pattern of hake (merluccius merluccius) in the french mediterranean. | chemical contamination levels and stable isotope ratios provide integrated information about contaminant exposure, trophic position and also biological and environmental influences on marine organisms. by combining these approaches with otolith shape analyses, the aim of the present study was to document the spatial variability of hg and pcb contamination of the european hake (merluccius merluccius) in the french mediterranean, hypothesizing that local contaminant sources, environmental conditio ... | 2015 | 26070028 |
| endocrine and immunological responses to adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth) administration in juvenile harbor seals (phoca vitulina) during winter and summer. | there is increasing interest in measuring endocrine and immune parameters in free-ranging seals and sea lions, but there is a lack of understanding in how an acute stress response, often associated with capture and handling, influences these parameters of interest. the main objective of this study was to assess the impact of a simulated stressor on both endocrine and immune parameters. during two seasons, exogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth) was administered to seven female juvenile har ... | 2015 | 26086360 |
| pathology in captive wild felids at german zoological gardens. | this retrospective study provides an overview on spontaneous diseases occurring in 38 captive wild felids submitted for necropsy by german zoological gardens between 2004 and 2013. species included 18 tigers, 8 leopards, 7 lions, 3 cheetahs and 2 cougars with an age ranging from 0.5 to 22 years. renal lesions, predominantly tubular alterations (intra-tubular concrements, tubular degeneration, necrosis, intra-tubular cellular debris, proteinaceous casts, dilated tubuli) followed by interstitial ( ... | 2015 | 26086731 |
| the monkey game: a computerized verbal working memory task for self-reliant administration in primary school children. | in two studies, the psychometric properties of an online self-reliant verbal working memory task (the monkey game) for primary school children (6-12 years of age) were examined. in study 1, children (n = 5,203) from 31 primary schools participated. the participants completed computerized verbal and visual-spatial working memory tasks (i.e., the monkey game and the lion game) and a paper-and-pencil version of raven's standard progressive matrices. reading comprehension and math achievement test s ... | 2016 | 26092393 |
| cytauxzoonosis in cats: abcd guidelines on prevention and management. | cytauxzoon species are apicomplexan haemoparasites, which may cause severe disease in domestic cats, as well as lions and tigers. for many years, cytauxzoonosis in domestic cats was only reported in north and south america, but in recent years the infection has also been seen in europe (spain, france and italy). | 2015 | 26101317 |
| roaring lions and chirruping lemurs: how the brain encodes sound objects in space. | the dual-stream model of auditory processing postulates separate processing streams for sound meaning and for sound location. the present review draws on evidence from human behavioral and activation studies as well as from lesion studies to argue for a position-linked representation of sound objects that is distinct both from the position-independent representation within the ventral/what stream and from the explicit sound localization processing within the dorsal/where stream. | 2015 | 26102186 |
| 2c.03: independent predictors of nocturnal hypertension in elderly subjects from general population: the risk of vascular complication, impact of genetic in old people (rovigo) study. | the role of nocturnal hypertension (nh) and its relationship with target organ damage (tod) and global cardiovascular (cv) risk has been poorly investigated in elderly subjects from general population. | 2015 | 26102771 |
| review of the systematics, biology and ecology of lice from pinnipeds and river otters (insecta: phthiraptera: anoplura: echinophthiriidae). | we present a literature review of the sucking louse family echinophthiriidae, its five genera and twelve species parasitic on pinnipeds (fur seals, sea lions, walruses, true seals) and the north american river otter. we give detailed synonymies and published records for all taxonomic hierarchies, as well as hosts, type localities and repositories of type material; we highlight significant references and include comments on the current taxonomic status of the species. we provide a summary of pres ... | 2013 | 26131525 |
| using a novel absolute ontogenetic age determination technique to calculate the timing of tooth eruption in the saber-toothed cat, smilodon fatalis. | despite the superb fossil record of the saber-toothed cat, smilodon fatalis, ontogenetic age determination for this and other ancient species remains a challenge. the present study utilizes a new technique, a combination of data from stable oxygen isotope analyses and micro-computed tomography, to establish the eruption rate for the permanent upper canines in smilodon fatalis. the results imply an eruption rate of 6.0 millimeters per month, which is similar to a previously published average enam ... | 2015 | 26132165 |
| evaluating hair as a predictor of blood mercury: the influence of ontogenetic phase and life history in pinnipeds. | mercury (hg) biomonitoring of pinnipeds increasingly utilizes nonlethally collected tissues such as hair and blood. the relationship between total hg concentrations ([thg]) in these tissues is not well understood for marine mammals, but it can be important for interpretation of tissue concentrations with respect to ecotoxicology and biomonitoring. we examined [thg] in blood and hair in multiple age classes of four pinniped species. for each species, we used paired blood and hair samples to quant ... | 2016 | 26149950 |
| traditional medicines: tiger-bone trade could threaten lions. | 2015 | 26178954 | |
| uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (ugt) xenobiotic metabolizing activity and genetic evolution in pinniped species. | there are various interspecies differences in xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. it is known that cats show slow glucuronidation of drugs such as acetaminophen and strong side effects due to the ugt1a6 pseudogene. recently, the ugt1a6 pseudogene was found in the northern elephant seal and otariidae was suggested to be ugt1a6-deficient. from the results of measurements of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (ugt) activity using liver microsomes, the steller sea lion, northern fur seal, and ... | 2015 | 26179383 |
| visual defects in special olympics participants from europe. | to describe visual problems among athletes with intellectual disabilities (ids) and the role of vision in special sports. | 2016 | 26192375 |
| modes of cooperation during territorial defense by african lions. | cooperation during territorial defense allows social groups of african lions to defend access to resources necessary for individual reproductive success. some forms of cooperation will be dependent upon cognition: reciprocity places greater cognitive demands on participants than does kinship or mutualism. lions have well-developed cognitive abilities that enable individuals to recognize and interact with others in ways that seem to enhance their inclusive fitness. male lions appear to cooperate ... | 2002 | 26192596 |
| two new crystals in li(m)cs(n)b(m+n)o2(m+n) (m + n = 5, 7; m > n) series: noncentrosymmetric li5cs2b7o14 and centrosymmetric li4csb5o10. | with the introduction of an alkali metal into the b-o framework, two new alkali metal borate crystals, li5cs2b7o14 and li4csb5o10, have been obtained for the first time. both compounds obey a general formula of li(m)cs(n)b(m+n)o2(m+n) (m + n = 5, 7; m > n). the two crystals have different three-dimensional (3d) framework structures composed by lion (n = 4, 5), cso10, bo3, and bo4 units. li5cs2b7o14 crystallizes into the polar and noncentrosymmetric space group ama2, while li4csb5o10 belongs to t ... | 2015 | 26196860 |
| spatially explicit modeling reveals cephalopod distributions match contrasting trophic pathways in the western mediterranean sea. | populations of the same species can experience different responses to the environment throughout their distributional range as a result of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in habitat conditions. this highlights the importance of understanding the processes governing species distribution at local scales. however, research on species distribution often averages environmental covariates across large geographic areas, missing variability in population-environment interactions within geographically ... | 2015 | 26201075 |
| further studies on toxascaris leonina (linstow, 1902) (ascaridida: ascarididae) from felis lynx (linnaeus) and panthera leo (linnaeus) (carnivora: felidae). | toxascaris leonina (linstow, 1902) is a most common intestinal parasite of various animals in felidae and canidae. in the present paper, light and scanning electron microscopy (sem) were used to study the morphological aspects of adult worms of this nematode in detail, based on the material collected from panthera leo (linnaeus) and felis lynx (linnaeus) (carnivora: felidae) in china. the results showed that there were some morphometric differences between the present material and the previous s ... | 2014 | 26204033 |
| diet-to-female and female-to-pup isotopic discrimination in south american sea lions. | the use of accurate, species-specific diet-tissue discrimination factors is a critical requirement when applying stable isotope mixing models to predict consumer diet composition. thus, diet-to-female and female-to-pup isotopic discrimination factors in several tissues for both captive and wild south american sea lions were estimated to provide appropriate values for quantifying feeding preferences at different timescales in the wild populations of this species. | 2015 | 26212166 |
| odintifier--a computational method for identifying insertions of organellar origin from modern and ancient high-throughput sequencing data based on haplotype phasing. | cellular organelles with genomes of their own (e.g. plastids and mitochondria) can pass genetic sequences to other organellar genomes within the cell in many species across the eukaryote phylogeny. the extent of the occurrence of these organellar-derived inserted sequences (odins) is still unknown, but if not accounted for in genomic and phylogenetic studies, they can be a source of error. however, if correctly identified, these inserted sequences can be used for evolutionary and comparative gen ... | 2015 | 26216337 |
| correction: assessment of competition between fisheries and steller sea lions in alaska based on estimated prey biomass, fisheries removals and predator foraging behaviour. | 2015 | 26244864 | |
| genetically based low oxygen affinities of felid hemoglobins: lack of biochemical adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in the snow leopard. | genetically based modifications of hemoglobin (hb) function that increase blood-o2 affinity are hallmarks of hypoxia adaptation in vertebrates. among mammals, felid hbs are unusual in that they have low intrinsic o2 affinities and reduced sensitivities to the allosteric cofactor 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (dpg). this combination of features compromises the acclimatization capacity of blood-o2 affinity and has led to the hypothesis that felids have a restricted physiological niche breadth relative to ... | 2015 | 26246610 |
| epidemiology of brucella infection in the human, livestock and wildlife interface in the katavi-rukwa ecosystem, tanzania. | brucellosis is a zoonosis of public health importance worldwide. in tanzania, the disease is underreported due to insufficient awareness, inadequate diagnostic protocols, including lack of appropriate reagents for diagnosis. livestock and wildlife are considered potential sources of infection to humans; however, the role played by these carriers in the epidemiology of the disease in the ecosystems in tanzania is not fully understood. the objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of ... | 2015 | 26253151 |
| effects of age, colony, and sex on mercury concentrations in california sea lions. | we measured total mercury (thg) concentrations in california sea lions (zalophus californianus) and examined how concentrations varied with age class, colony, and sex. because hg exposure is primarily via diet, we used nitrogen (δ (15)n) and carbon (δ (13)c) stable isotopes to determine if intraspecific differences in thg concentrations could be explained by feeding ecology. blood and hair were collected from 21 adult females and 57 juveniles from three colonies in central and southern californi ... | 2016 | 26259982 |
| taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. | echinococcus granulosus, formerly regarded as a single species with a high genotypic and phenotypic diversity, is now recognised as an assemblage of cryptic species, which differ considerably in morphology, development, host specificity (including infectivity/pathogenicity for humans) and other aspects. this diversity is reflected in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and has led to the construction of phylogenetic trees and hypotheses on the origin and geographic dispersal of various taxa. b ... | 2015 | 26264250 |
| identification of pyridine analogs as new predator-derived kairomones. | in the wild, animals have developed survival strategies relying on their senses. the individual ability to identify threatening situations is crucial and leads to increase in the overall fitness of the species. rodents, for example have developed in their nasal cavities specialized olfactory neurons implicated in the detection of volatile cues encoding for impending danger such as predator scents or alarm pheromones. in particular, the neurons of the grueneberg ganglion (gg), an olfactory subsys ... | 2015 | 26283896 |
| clinical trials update from the european society of cardiology-heart failure meeting 2015: augment-hf, titration, stop-hf, harmonize, lion heart, mood-hf, and renin-angiotensin inhibitors in patients with heart and renal failure. | this article provides an overview on the key trials relevant to the pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of heart failure (hf) presented at the heart failure association (hfa) of the european society of cardiology (esc) annual meeting held in seville, spain in may 2015. trials reported include augment-af (myocardial injections of calcium-alginate hydrogel), a propensity score-matched study of renin-angiotensin system antagonists in patients with hf and severe renal dysfunction, harmonize ( ... | 2015 | 26289928 |
| radiology in the lion city. | 2015 | 26302387 | |
| swine and rabbits are the main reservoirs of hepatitis e virus in china: detection of hev rna in feces of farmed and wild animals. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is recognized as a zoonosis. the prevalence of hev rna and anti-hev antibodies in many animal species has been reported, but the host range of hev is unclear. the aims of this study were to investigate hev infection in various animal species and to determine the reservoirs of hev. eight hundred twenty-two fecal samples from 17 mammal species and 67 fecal samples from 24 avian species were collected in china and tested for hev rna by rt-npcr. the products of pcr ... | 2015 | 26303139 |
| prescription extraction from clinical notes: towards automating emr medication reconciliation. | medication in for ma lion is one of [he most important clinical data types in electronic medical records (emr) this study developed an nlp application (predmed) to extract full prescriptions and their relevant components from a large corpus of unstructured ambulatory office visit clinical notes and the corresponding structured medication reconciliation (med rec) data in the emr. predmed achieved an 84.4% f-score on office visit encounter notes and 95.0% on med"rec data, outperforming two availab ... | 2015 | 26306266 |
| differences in foraging ecology align with genetically divergent ecotypes of a highly mobile marine top predator. | foraging differentiation within a species can contribute to restricted gene flow between ecologically different groups, promoting ecological speciation. galapagos sea lions (zalophus wollebaeki) show genetic and morphological divergence between the western and central archipelago, possibly as a result of an ecologically mediated contrast in the marine habitat. we use global positioning system (gps) data, time-depth recordings (tdr), stable isotope and scat data to compare foraging habitat charac ... | 2015 | 26307593 |
| using satellite tracking and isotopic information to characterize the impact of south american sea lions on salmonid aquaculture in southern chile. | apex marine predators alter their foraging behavior in response to spatial and/or seasonal changes in natural prey distribution and abundance. however, few studies have identified the impacts of aquaculture that represents a spatially and temporally predictable and abundant resource on their foraging behavior. using satellite telemetry and stable isotope analysis we examined the degree of spatial overlap between the south american sea lion (sasl) and salmon farms, and quantify the amount of nati ... | 2015 | 26309046 |
| diving deeper into individual foraging specializations of a large marine predator, the southern sea lion. | despite global declines in the abundance of marine predators, knowledge of foraging ecology, necessary to predict the ecological consequences of large changes in marine predator abundance, remains enigmatic for many species. given that populations suffering severe declines are of conservation concern, we examined the foraging ecology of southern sea lions (ssl) (otaria flavescens)-one of the least studied otariids (fur seal and sea lions)-which have declined by over 90% at the falkland islands s ... | 2015 | 26323982 |
| thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals. | monitoring body temperature is essential in veterinary care as minor variations may indicate dysfunction. rectal temperature is widely used as a proxy for body temperature, but measuring it requires special equipment, training or restraining, and it potentially stresses animals. infrared thermography is an alternative that reduces handling stress, is safer for technicians and works well for untrained animals. this study analysed thermal reference points in five marine mammal species: bottlenose ... | 2015 | 26338544 |
| pharmacokinetics of tramadol hydrochloride and its metabolite o-desmethyltramadol following a single, orally administered dose in california sea lions (zalophus californianus). | tramadol is a synthetic, centrally acting, opiate-like analgesic that is structurally related to codeine and morphine. the objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of tramadol hydrochloride and its major active metabolite o-desmethyltramadol (m1) in the california sea lion (zalophus californianus). a single dose of tramadol was administered orally in fish at 2 mg/kg to a total of 15 wild california sea lions admitted for rehabilitation. twenty-four total blood samples were c ... | 2015 | 26352950 |
| a case of trychophyton rubrum dermatophytosis in a patagonian sea lion (otaria byronia). | a 23-yr old female patagonian sea lion (otaria byronia) presented multifocal to coalescing and ulcerative skin lesions on the lumbar region. skin scrapings were collected and a microscopic examination was conducted followed by a fungal culture that revealed a trychophyton rubrum infection, an anthropophilic dermatophytosis agent. oral terbinafine and topical eniconazole were used as a treatment for a period of 75 days and complete recovery was achieved. epidemiological analysis revealed a dermat ... | 2015 | 26352974 |
| management of acute renal failure with delayed hypercalcemia secondary to sarcocystis neurona-induced myositis and rhabdomyolysis in a california sea lion (zalophus californianus). | a 3-yr-old captive-born california sea lion (zalophus californianus) developed sarcocystis neurona-induced myositis and rhabdomyolysis that led to acute renal failure. the sea lion was successfully managed with fluid therapy, antiprotozoals, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, antiemetics, gastroprotectants, and diuretics, but developed severe delayed hypercalcemia, a syndrome identified in humans after traumatic or exertion-induced rhabdomyolysis. treatment with calcitonin was added to the manage ... | 2015 | 26352981 |
| assessing uncertainty in sighting records: an example of the barbary lion. | as species become rare and approach extinction, purported sightings can be controversial, especially when scarce management resources are at stake. we consider the probability that each individual sighting of a series is valid. obtaining these probabilities requires a strict framework to ensure that they are as accurately representative as possible. we used a process, which has proven to provide accurate estimates from a group of experts, to obtain probabilities for the validation of 32 sighting ... | 2015 | 26357597 |
| kitona 2013: a medical readiness training exercise in the democratic republic of the congo leading to lion rouge. | health initiatives support regional stability and are a priority for us and african partners. we present data and experience from the democratic republic of congo (drc), a strategically and epidemiologically ideal location for collaborative medical engagement (cme). our objectives included relationship building, exposure of us military medical personnel to uncommon tropical diseases, bolstering a referral hospital, and updating congolese physicians on new treatment or preventive standards of car ... | 2015 | 26360354 |
| proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in california sea lions (zalophus californianus) with domoic acid toxicosis identifies proteins associated with neurodegeneration. | proteomic studies including marine mammals are rare, largely due to the lack of fully sequenced genomes. this has hampered the application of these techniques toward biomarker discovery efforts for monitoring of health and disease in these animals. we conducted a pilot label-free lc-ms/ms study to profile and compare the cerebrospinal fluid from california sea lions with domoic acid toxicosis (dat) and without dat. across 11 samples, a total of 206 proteins were identified (fdr<0.1) using a comp ... | 2015 | 26364553 |
| independent evaluation of middle school-based drug prevention curricula: a systematic review. | lack of robust program evaluation has hindered the effectiveness of school-based drug abuse prevention curricula overall. independently evaluated randomized controlled trials (rcts) of universal, middle school-based drug abuse prevention curricula are the most useful indicators of whether such programs are effective or ineffective. | 2015 | 26367105 |
| inconsistency of allometric scaling for dissociative anesthesia of wild felids. | to evaluate allometric scaling for ketamine-xylazine (kx) anesthesia in wild felids using domestic cats for reference. | 2016 | 26376437 |
| giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) buccal mucosa tissue as a source of multipotent progenitor cells. | since the first mammal was cloned, the idea of using this technique to help endangered species has aroused considerable interest. however, several issues limit this possibility, including the relatively low success rate at every stage of the cloning process, and the dearth of usable tissues from these rare animals. ips cells have been produced from cells from a number of rare mammalian species and this is the method of choice for strategies to improve cloning efficiency and create new gametes by ... | 2015 | 26398672 |
| diabetes mellitus in addis ababa, ethiopia: admissions, complications and outcomes in a large referral hospital. | the black lion referral hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. | 2015 | 26400605 |
| pride of lions takes pride of place with camden dentists. | 2015 | 26404977 | |
| the use of surrogate data in demographic population viability analysis: a case study of california sea lions. | reliable data necessary to parameterize population models are seldom available for imperiled species. as an alternative, data from populations of the same species or from ecologically similar species have been used to construct models. in this study, we evaluated the use of demographic data collected at one california sea lion colony (los islotes) to predict the population dynamics of the same species from two other colonies (san jorge and granito) in the gulf of california, mexico, for which de ... | 2015 | 26413746 |
| gene therapy with recombinant adeno-associated vectors for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 1 year follow-up of a phase 1 randomised clinical trial. | neovascular, or wet, age-related macular degeneration causes central vision loss and represents a major health problem in elderly people, and is currently treated with frequent intraocular injections of anti-vegf protein. gene therapy might enable long-term anti-vegf therapy from a single treatment. we tested the safety of raav.sflt-1 in treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration with a single subretinal injection. | 2015 | 26431823 |