Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| escherichia coli o157 : h7 forms attaching and effacing lesions at the terminal rectum of cattle and colonization requires the lee4 operon. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 : h7 is a human pathogen that causes no apparent disease in cattle, its primary reservoir host. recent research has demonstrated that e. coli o157 : h7 predominately colonizes the distal few centimetres of the bovine rectum, and in this study, the lee4 operon encoding a type iii secretion system translocon and associated proteins was shown to be essential for colonization. a deletion mutant of lee4 failed to colonize cattle, in contrast to a co-inoculated ... | 2005 | 16079353 |
| characterization and enzymatic degradation of sup35nm, a yeast prion-like protein. | transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (tses) are believed to be caused by an unconventional infectious agent, the prion protein. the pathogenic and infectious form of prion protein, prpsc, is able to aggregate and form amyloid fibrils, very stable and resistant to most disinfecting processes and common proteases. under specific conditions, prpsc in bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) brain tissue was found degradable by a bacterial keratinase and some other proteases. since this disease-c ... | 2005 | 16081647 |
| host species-specific metabolic fingerprint database for enterococci and escherichia coli and its application to identify sources of fecal contamination in surface waters. | a metabolic fingerprint database of enterococci and escherichia coli from 10 host groups of animals was developed to trace the sources of fecal contamination in surface waters. in all, 526 biochemical phenotypes (bpts) of enterococci and 530 e. coli bpts were obtained from 4,057 enterococci and 3,728 e. coli isolates tested. of these, 231 enterococcus bpts and 257 e. coli bpts were found in multiple host groups. the remaining 295 enterococcus bpts and 273 e. coli bpts were unique to individual h ... | 2005 | 16085837 |
| mutagenesis of pepa suggests a new model for the xer/cer synaptic complex. | pepa is an aminopeptidase and also functions as a dna-binding protein in two unrelated systems in escherichia coli: xer site-specific recombination and transcriptional regulation of carab. in these systems, pepa binds to and brings together distant segments of dna to form interwrapped, nucleosome-like structures. here we report the selection of pepa mutants that were unable to support efficient xer recombination. these mutants were defective in dna-binding and in transcriptional regulation of ca ... | 2005 | 16091035 |
| evidence of transmission of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o111 from a cattle stable to a child. | infections with verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) other than o157 have been assumed to have the same epidemiology as those with vtec o157, but the source of infection is rarely defined for sporadic cases. this report describes a child with vtec o111:h- infection who was probably infected by playing in a cattle stable and/or by drinking raw milk from the cows in this stable. e. coli o111 isolates colonising the cattle were indistinguishable from the patient isolate by the use of serotypin ... | 2005 | 16104995 |
| e. coli o157 and salmonella spp. in white-tailed deer and livestock. | escherichia coli o157 and salmonella spp. are among the leading causes of food-borne illness in the united sates and bacteria have been isolated from numerous ruminant animal sources. the objective of this study was to assess the incidence of e. coli o157 and salmonella spp. in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and livestock simultaneously grazing the same rangeland. escherichia coli o157 was found in 1.25% of cattle, 1.22% of sheep, and 5.00% of water all from samples taken in septembe ... | 2005 | 16107036 |
| isolation and characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains from raw milk cheeses in france. | to evaluate shiga toxin-producing eschericha coli (stec) prevalence in 1039 french raw milk cheeses including soft, hard, unripened and blue mould cheeses, and to characterize the stec strains isolated (virulence genes and serotypes). | 2005 | 16108913 |
| lymphocytes from one side of the bovine mammary gland migrate to the contra lateral gland and lymph node tissue. | the four quarters of bovine mammary glands are completely separated and two quarters on each side (right or left) are connected to ipsi lateral supra mammary lymph nodes. it is not clear whether cells infused into the cistern of the mammary gland are capable of migrating to lymph nodes or the general circulation. to examine cell migration, a prescapular lymph node was removed from each of two lactating and three non-lactating dairy cows, and isolated lymphocytes were stained with hoechst 33342. ... | 2005 | 16111770 |
| biotin carboxyl carrier protein co-purifies as a contaminant in core-streptavidin preparations. | we have successfully cloned and expressed core-streptavidin in escherichia coli. core-streptavidin was expressed in shaker flask culture as a soluble protein, isolated by periplasmic extraction, purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography column, and analyzed for its size, thermal stability, and biotin-binding activity. in western blots using streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as a probe, we identified a contaminant that co-purified with core-streptavidin, identified as biotin c ... | 2005 | 16118413 |
| [drug sensitivity of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h7 (vtec o157:h7) isolated from human diarrhea and healthy cows]. | as a part of studies on the source of infection of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec), o157:h7 strains isolated from human infectious enteritis between 1986 and 1995 and o157:h7 strains isolated from feces of milk cows between 2001 and 2003 were subjected to drug sensitivity test with drugs widely used as therapeutic drugs for various infectious diseases in humans and animals, and the following results were obtained. 1) drug sensitivity tests with 20 drugs were performed in 52 strains ... | 2005 | 16119803 |
| purification and antigenicity of two recombinant forms of boophilus microplus yolk pro-cathepsin expressed in inclusion bodies. | the tick boophilus microplus is a bovine ectoparasite present in tropical and subtropical areas of the world and the use of vaccines is a promising method for tick control. byc is an aspartic proteinase found in eggs that is involved in the embryogenesis of b. microplus and was proposed as an important antigen in the development of an anti-tick vaccine. the cdna of byc was amplified by pcr and cloned for expression in two forms with and without thioredoxin fusion protein (trx), coding recombinan ... | 2006 | 16122942 |
| identification of putative adhesin genes in shigatoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from different sources. | shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) is an important pathogen responsible for severe human intestinal and systemic infections. the bacterial factors required for colonization of the hosts are still not well defined. in this study, the prevalence of seven putative adhesive genes that are not encoded in the locus of enterocyte effacement (lee) in 74 stec strains isolated from humans (n=39), food (n=6), cattle (n=11), and pigs (n=18) was investigated by pcr. in addition, shiga toxin (stx) ... | 2005 | 16125342 |
| inhibition of secretory phospholipase a(2) enzyme by bilirubin: a new role as endogenous anti-inflammatory molecule. | bilirubin is a powerful antioxidant that suppresses the inflammatory process. however its interaction with proinflammatory pla(2) enzyme is not known. inhibition of several secretory phospholipase a(2) (spla(2)) enzyme activities by bilirubin was studied using (14)c-oleate labeled escherichia coli as substrate. bilirubin inhibits purified spla(2) enzyme from vipera russellii and naja naja venom and partially purified spla(2) enzymes from human ascitic fluid, pleural fluid and normal serum in a d ... | 2005 | 16132704 |
| differential detection of turkey coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus, and bovine coronavirus by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | the objective of the present study was to develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method for differential detection of turkey coronavirus (tcov), infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv), and bovine coronavirus (bcov). primers were designed from conserved or variable regions of nucleocapsid (n) or spike (s) protein gene among tcov, ibv, and bcov and used in the same pcr reaction. reverse transcription followed by the pcr reaction was used to amplify a portion of n or s gene of the cor ... | 2006 | 16137773 |
| effect of pooling bovine fecal samples on the sensitivity of detection of e. coli o157:h7. | to assess the effect of pooling fecal samples on the sensitivity of detection of e. coli o157:h7, 12 calves, inoculated orally with 10(8)cfu per calf of nalidixic acid resistant e. coli o157:h7, were used to provide positive fecal samples. after inoculation, calves were sampled twice weekly. negative fecal samples were from calves at a local dairy. samples from inoculated calves were incubated without pooling or were mixed with known negative fecal samples in a 1:4 ratio or a 2:3 ratio (positive ... | 2005 | 16140477 |
| nationwide microbiological baseline data collected by sponge sampling during 1997 and 1998 for cattle, swine, turkeys, and geese. | during 1997 and 1998, the u.s. food safety and inspection service completed nationwide microbiological baseline studies on four separate categories of livestock and poultry. data were collected by sponge-sampling techniques. these studies were designed to provide nationwide estimates of the prevalence of salmonella and prevalence and concentrations of escherichia coli in cattle (n = 1,881), swine (n = 2,127), turkeys (n = 1,396), and geese (n = 102) in establishments under federal inspection. sa ... | 2005 | 16161683 |
| amyloid fibril formation of alpha-synuclein is accelerated by preformed amyloid seeds of other proteins: implications for the mechanism of transmissible conformational diseases. | alpha-synuclein is one of the causative proteins of familial parkinson disease, which is characterized by neuronal inclusions named lewy bodies. lewy bodies include not only alpha-synuclein but also aggregates of other proteins. this fact raises a question as to whether the formation of alpha-synuclein amyloid fibrils in lewy bodies may occur via interaction with fibrils derived from different proteins. to probe this hypothesis, we investigated in vitro fibril formation of human alpha-synuclein ... | 2005 | 16162499 |
| escherichia coli 0157: h7 reservoir, transmission, diagnosis and the african situation: a review. | to provide an overview of the current understanding of verotoxigenic escherichia coli 0157:h7 (vtec) and to describe clinical picture, reservoir, transmission and diagnosis and african situations of vtec. | 2003 | 16167744 |
| short report: isolation of escherichia coli o157:h7 from fecal samples of cows in vietnam. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 was isolated for the first time in vietnam. shiga toxin-producing e. coli were isolated from 8 of 100 cows examined. the two strains showing serotype o157:h7 carried the eae, ehxa, and stx2c genes, but the other six were negative for the eae gene. | 2005 | 16172486 |
| effect of addition of organic waste on reduction of escherichia coli during cattle feces composting under high-moisture condition. | to ensure escherichia coli reduction during cattle feces composting, co-composting with a variety of organic wastes was examined. a mixture of dairy cattle feces and shredded rice straw (control) was blended with organic wastes (tofu residue, rice bran, rapeseed meal, dried chicken feces, raw chicken feces, or garbage), and composted using a bench-scale composter under the high-moisture condition (78%). the addition of organic waste except chicken feces brought about maximum temperatures of more ... | 2006 | 16182524 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 vaccine field trial in 9 feedlots in alberta and saskatchewan. | a feedlot trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of an escherichia coli o157:h7 vaccine in reducing fecal shedding of e. coli o157:h7 in 218 pens of feedlot cattle in 9 feedlots in alberta and saskatchewan. pens of cattle were vaccinated once at arrival processing and again at reimplanting with either the e. coli o157:h7 vaccine or a placebo. the e. coli o157:h7 vaccine included 50 microg of type iii secreted proteins. fecal samples were collected from 30 fresh manure patties within each fee ... | 2005 | 16187717 |
| isolation, catalytic properties, and competitive inhibitors of the zinc-dependent murine glutaminyl cyclase. | murine glutaminyl cyclase (mqc) was identified in the insulinoma cell line beta-tc 3 by determination of enzymatic activity and rt-pcr. the cloned cdna was expressed in the secretory pathway of the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris and purified after fermentation using a new three-step protocol. mqc converted a set of various substrates with very similar specificity to human qc, indicating a virtually identical catalytic competence. furthermore, mqc was competitively inhibited by imidazole de ... | 2005 | 16201766 |
| effects of cattle feeding regimen and soil management type on the fate of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in manure, manure-amended soil, and lettuce. | survival of the green fluorescent protein-transformed human pathogens escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium was studied in a laboratory-simulated lettuce production chain. dairy cows were fed three different roughage types: high-digestible grass silage plus maize silage (6:4), low-digestible grass silage, and straw. each was adjusted with supplemental concentrates to high and low crude protein levels. the pathogens were added to manure, which was subsequently mixed ... | 2005 | 16204535 |
| comparison of rectoanal mucosal swab cultures and fecal cultures for determining prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in feedlot cattle. | we compared fecal samples with samples collected with rectoanal mucosa swabs (rams) to determine the prevalence of escherichia coli o157 in feedlot cattle (n = 747). escherichia coli o157 was detected in 9.5% of samples collected with rams and 4.7% of samples tested by fecal culture. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of isolates suggested that the strains colonizing the rectoanal junction were the same as those from the feces. mucosal swab sampling was more sensitive than fecal sampling ... | 2005 | 16204574 |
| in-line milk filter analysis: escherichia coli o157 surveillance of milk production holdings. | escherichia coli o157 is a major etiological agent of food-borne illness. bovine animals are recognized reservoirs for this organism and represent a significant source from where these pathogens can enter the food chain. food products derived from these animals are convenient vehicles, and are often the focal point(s) of infection. as a useful strategy to provide herd-level surveillance and to investigate for the presence of this pathogen in a population of irish dairy cattle, milk filters from ... | 2005 | 16217925 |
| virulence genes in verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and cattle. | verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) causing diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic-uremic syndrome usually have additional traits such as the adhesin intimin and a large plasmid that seems to increase virulence. there are, however, isolates of vtec causing serious symptoms that do not harbour these traits. in the present study we have used pcr with primers detecting adhesin genes other than eaea, namely fima, papc, sfad/sfae and daae. we have also used pcr to detect the genes hlya ... | 2005 | 16218932 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 in drinking water from private water supplies in the netherlands. | the microbiological quality of drinking water from 144 private water supplies in the netherlands was tested and additionally the occurrence of escherichia coli o157 was examined. faecal indicators were enumerated by using standard membrane filtration methods. the presence of e. coli o157 was determined using a specific enrichment method. eleven percent of the samples contained faecal indicators whereas e. coli o157:h7 was isolated from 2.7% of the samples that otherwise met the drinking water st ... | 2005 | 16219332 |
| effect of manure on escherichia coli attachment to soil. | attachment of bacteria to soil is an important component of bacterial fate and transport. escherichia coli are commonly used as indicators of fecal contamination in the environment. despite the fact that e. coli are derived exclusively from feces or manure, effect of the presence of manure colloids on bacteria attachment to agricultural soils was never directly studied. the objective of this work was to evaluate the magnitude of the effect of manure on e. coli attachment to soil. escherichia col ... | 2005 | 16221829 |
| expression and function of toll-like receptor 4 in the endometrial cells of the uterus. | prostaglandins have a central role in many endocrine functions in mammals, including regulation of the life span of the corpus luteum by prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pgf) and prostaglandin e2 (pge), which are secreted by the uterine endometrium. however, the uterus is readily infected with bacteria such as escherichia coli, which disrupt luteolysis. immune cells detect e. coli by toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) binding its pathogenic ligand, lipopolysaccharide (lps), although signaling requires accessor ... | 2006 | 16223858 |
| therapeutic use of phage cocktail for controlling escherichia coli o157:h7 in gastrointestinal tract of mice. | to investigate the therapeutical use of phage mixture for controlling gastrointestinal escherichia coli o157:h7 cells, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. three phages, sp15, sp21, and sp22 were selected from 26 phage stock screened from feces of stock animals and sewage influent. addition of single or binary phage to the e. coli cell batch-culture reduced the turbidity of the culture. however, reascend of the turbidity due to the appearance of phage resistance cell was observed. on ... | 2005 | 16243277 |
| use of immunomagnetic separation technique and polymerase chain reaction for detection of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli in cattle at slaughter. | 2005 | 16244985 | |
| experimental comparison of excision and swabbing microbiological sampling methods for carcasses. | bovine sides, ovine carcasses, and porcine carcasses were individually inoculated by dipping in various suspensions of a marker organism (escherichia coli k-12 or pseudomonas fluorescens), alone or in combination with two meat-derived bacterial strains, and were sampled by two standard methods: cotton wet-dry swabbing and excision. the samples were examined for bacterial counts on plate count agar (pca plate counts) and on violet red brilliant green agar (vrbga plate counts) by standard internat ... | 2005 | 16245724 |
| potential for recombinant babesia bovis antigens to protect against a highly virulent isolate. | two antigens from babesia bovis,12d3 and 11c5, were expressed and purified as recombinant proteins in escherichia coli and used to vaccinate groups of six babesia-susceptible cattle. these were subsequently challenged with a highly virulent strain of b. bovis. all cattle showed symptoms of disease and most required treatment. cattle vaccination groups receiving either 12d3 or 11c5 or a combination of both, reduced parasitaemia by approximately fourfold and a number of individual animals appeared ... | 2005 | 16255742 |
| enzymatic redesigning of biologically active heparan sulfate. | heparan sulfate carries a wide range of biological activities, regulating blood coagulation, cell differentiation, and inflammatory responses. the sulfation patterns of the polysaccharide are essential for the biological activities. in this study, we report an enzymatic method for the sulfation of multimilligram amounts of heparan sulfate with specific functions using immobilized sulfotransferases combined with a 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate regeneration system. by selecting appropriate ... | 2005 | 16260789 |
| inhibitory effects of microencapsulated allyl isothiocyanate (ait) against escherichia coli o157:h7 in refrigerated, nitrogen packed, finely chopped beef. | allyl isothiocyanate (ait) is an effective inhibitor of various pathogens, but its use in the food industry is limited by its volatility and pungency. the objective of this study was to overcome the volatility of ait by microencapsulation and evaluate its antimicrobial effectiveness against escherichia coli o157:h7 in chopped beef. chopped beef was aseptically prepared and inoculated with a five-strain cocktail of e. coli o157:h7 to yield 4 or 8 log10 cfu/g. ait was microencapsulated in gum acac ... | 2006 | 16266766 |
| cloning, biochemical properties, and distribution of mycobacterial haloalkane dehalogenases. | haloalkane dehalogenases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond by a hydrolytic mechanism. genomes of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. bovis contain at least two open reading frames coding for the polypeptides showing a high sequence similarity with biochemically characterized haloalkane dehalogenases. we describe here the cloning of the haloalkane dehalogenase genes dmba and dmbb from m. bovis 5033/66 and demonstrate the dehalogenase activity of their translation pro ... | 2005 | 16269704 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of mammalian mitochondrial translation. | all medically useful antibiotics should have the potential to distinguish between target microbes (bacteria) and host cells. although many antibiotics that target bacterial protein synthesis show little effect on the translation machinery of the eukaryotic cytoplasm, it is unclear whether these antibiotics target or not the mitochondrial translation machinery. we employed an in vitro translation system from bovine mitochondria, which consists of mitochondrial ribosomes and mitochondrial elongati ... | 2005 | 16271719 |
| spatial and temporal epidemiology of sporadic human cases of escherichia coli o157 in scotland, 1996-1999. | in scotland, between 1995 and 2000 there were between 4 and 10 cases of illness per 100000 population per year identified as being caused by escherichia coli o157, whereas in england and wales there were between 1 and 2 cases per 100000 population per year. within scotland there is significant regional variation. a cluster of high rate areas was identified in the northeast of scotland and a cluster of low rate areas in central-west scotland. temporal trends follow a seasonal pattern whilst spati ... | 2005 | 16274499 |
| phosphorus, sediment, and escherichia coli loads in unfenced streams of the georgia piedmont, usa. | contamination of unfenced streams with p, sediments, and pathogenic bacteria from cattle (bos taurus) activity may be affected by the availability of shade and alternative water sources. the objectives of this study were to evaluate water quality in two streams draining tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.)-common bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon l.) pastures with different shade distribution, and to quantify the effects of alternative water sources on stream water quality. for 3 yr, loads of ... | 2005 | 16275730 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic escherichia coli isolated from sick cattle and pigs in japan. | we examined the 12 antimicrobial susceptibilities of 175 e. coli isolates from sick cattle and pigs by an agar dilution method. resistance was found in 78.3% of isolates for oxytetracycline, 70.3% of isolates for dihydrostreptomycin, and 49.1% of isolates for ampicillin. when compared with healthy animals reported by kijima-tanaka et al., resistance rates for 11 antimicrobial agents were higher in sick cattle than in healthy cattle, and resistance rates for all antimicrobial agents were higher i ... | 2005 | 16276055 |
| multivalent display system on filamentous bacteriophage pvii minor coat protein. | the systems for display of foreign peptides and polypeptides on filamentous bacteriophage have exploited genetic fusion to all of the five coat proteins. multivalent display systems allowing selection of low affinity antibody fragments have been devised for fusions to gene iii. however, since piii has to interact with the bacterial receptors during the infection process, reduced infectivity can be observed. alternative display systems utilizing other coat protein have been examined. these, howev ... | 2005 | 16277988 |
| assembly of tbetari:tbetarii:tgfbeta ternary complex in vitro with receptor extracellular domains is cooperative and isoform-dependent. | transforming growth factor-beta (tgfbeta) isoforms initiate signaling by assembling a heterotetrameric complex of paired type i (tbetari) and type ii (tbetarii) receptors on the cell surface. because two of the ligand isoforms (tgfbetas 1, 3) must first bind tbetarii to recruit tbetari into the complex, and a third (tgfbeta2) requires a co-receptor, assembly is known to be sequential, cooperative and isoform-dependent. however the source of the cooperativity leading to recruitment of tbetari and ... | 2005 | 16289576 |
| ecology of escherichia coli o157:h7 in commercial dairies in southern alberta. | shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 was monitored monthly over a 1-yr period by collecting pooled fecal pats (fecal) and manila ropes orally accessed for 4 h (rope) from multiple pens of cattle in 5 commercial dairies in southern alberta, canada. using immunomagnetic separation, e. coli o157:h7 was isolated from cows on 4 of the dairies and from 13.5% of fecal and 1.1% of rope samples. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of xbai- and spei-digested bacterial dna of the 65 isolates produced 23 uniqu ... | 2005 | 16291636 |
| slaughterhouse survey of pyelonephritis in dairy cows. | twenty-one rejected kidneys from 2426 slaughtered dairy cows (0.87 per cent) had gross signs of pyelonephritis that were confirmed by histopathology. in all the kidneys the findings were consistent with a chronic rather than an acute infection. one species of bacteria was cultured from 12 of the kidneys and two species of bacteria were cultured from six. the most commonly isolated bacteria were escherichia coli, from eight kidneys, arcanobacterium pyogenes, from seven kidneys and corynebacterium ... | 2005 | 16299366 |
| methods for recovering escherichia coli o157:h7 from cattle fecal, hide, and carcass samples: sensitivity and improvements. | the meats research unit (mru) methods, developed by mru scientists of the u.s. meat animal research center, have been used to study the prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in cattle carcass, hide, and fecal samples. the sensitivity of these methods for recovery of injured e. coli o157:h7 cells from inoculated and uninoculated samples was determined, and potential improvements to these methods were evaluated. when using the conventional mru methods, 91% of the pre-evisceration carcass samples ... | 2005 | 16300061 |
| antibiotic resistance and hypermutability of escherichia coli o157 from feedlot cattle treated with growth-promoting agents. | in a longitudinal study (165 days), we investigated the effect of growth-promoting agents (monensin and trenbolone acetate-estradiol) and an antibiotic (oxytetracycline) on the incidence in feedlot steers of escherichia coli o157, including antibiotic-resistant and hypermutable isolates. eighty steers in 16 pens were treated with eight combinations of promoters, and each treatment was duplicated. fecal samples were collected at nine different sampling times for detection of e. coli o157. overall ... | 2005 | 16300081 |
| the effect of an experimentally induced acute mastitis on the test results of an ostertagia ostertagi milk elisa. | antibody levels against ostertagia ostertagi in the milk are a promising parameter to identify dairy cows or herds with production losses due to gastrointestinal nematodes. however, milk antibody levels can be influenced by udder-related factors. in this study, the effect of an experimentally induced mastitis on the test results (odr) of a milk o. ostertagi elisa was investigated. twenty-five cows that were naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes, were inoculated in their left udder q ... | 2006 | 16300898 |
| a herd level analysis of urinary tract infection in dairy cattle. | cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis in cattle most commonly result from ascending urinary tract infection with corynebacterium renale, corynebacterium cystidis, corynebacterium pilosum or escherichia coli. we describe the clinical, bacteriological, clinical-pathological and epidemiological findings in a dairy cattle herd with urinary tract infection (uti). blood and urine samples from 17 calves and 19 cows were submitted to laboratory examinations. depression, muscle wasting, weakness and fr ... | 2006 | 16310382 |
| mass screening for antimicrobial resistant escherichia coli in dairy cows in northern new south wales. | to describe aspects of the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in escherichia coli shed in the faeces of milking cows in a dairying region of new south wales. | 2005 | 16315669 |
| association of virulence genotype with phylogenetic background in comparison to different seropathotypes of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolates. | the distribution of virulent factors (vfs) in 287 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains that were classified according to karmali et al. into five seropathotypes (m. a. karmali, m. mascarenhas, s. shen, k. ziebell, s. johnson, r. reid-smith, j. isaac-renton, c. clark, k. rahn, and j. b. kaper, j. clin. microbiol. 41:4930-4940, 2003) was investigated. the associations of vfs with phylogenetic background were assessed among the strains in comparison with the different seropathotype ... | 2005 | 16333104 |
| numbers of fecal streptococci and escherichia coli in fresh and dry cattle, horse, and sheep manure. | livestock are known contributors to stream pollution. numbers of fecal streptococci and escherichia coli in manure naturally deposited by livestock in the field are needed for activities related to bacterial source tracking and determining maximum daily bacterial loading of streams. we measured populations of fecal streptococci and e. coli in fresh and dry manure from cattle (bos taurus l.), horses (equus caballus l.), and sheep (ovis aires l.) on farms in southern idaho. populations of indicato ... | 2005 | 16333344 |
| influence of sex steroids on the viability and cd11b, cd18 and cd47 expression of blood neutrophils from dairy cows in the last month of gestation. | in the period around parturition, cows experience an increased susceptibility for the development of escherichia coli mastitis. this increased susceptibility has been correlated with a decreased functionality of neutrophils. in the current study, it is suggested that the decreased neutrophil functionality may be induced by the extensive alterations in sex steroid levels occurring around parturition. it was first hypothesized that 17beta-estradiol and progesterone influence the viability, apoptos ... | 2006 | 16336925 |
| [expression, purification and antigen activity analysis of the n-terminal domain of lipoprotein lppq of mycoplasma mycoide subsp. mycoides sc]. | the gene sequence coding the n-terminal domain of lppq was amplified from mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides sc (mmmsc) hvri x strain by pcr using special primers and was cloned into the ecor i /sal i sites of pet32a vector to construct the expression recombinant plasmids. the recombinant plasmids were indentified by restriction digestion, pcr and sequence analysis. the gene was overexpressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) host cell and the soluble protein was purified with ni-nta his. bind pur ... | 2005 | 16342778 |
| neutral red assay for measurement of quantitative vero cell cytotoxicity. | a neutral red assay involving vero cells was used to quantitate the cytotoxic activity of verotoxins (vt) produced by escherichia coli and to investigate changes in titer caused by altering the composition of the cell culture medium. three variations on medium 199 were investigated: one involved supplementing the medium with 5% fetal bovine serum (fbs), a second was the use of serum-free (sf) medium that contained 5% bovine serum albumin and 5 mug of fibronectin per ml, and the third involved th ... | 1993 | 16348976 |
| assembly of cs1 pili: the role of specific residues of the major pilin, cooa. | cs1 pili are important virulence factors of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains associated with human diarrheal disease. they are the prototype for a family of pili that share extensive sequence similarity among their structural and assembly proteins. only four linked genes, coob, cooa, cooc, and cood, are required to produce cs1 pili in e. coli k-12. to identify amino acids important for the function of the major pilin cooa, we used alanine substitution mutagenesis targeting conserved resi ... | 2006 | 16352839 |
| identification of escherichia coli o157:h7 meat processing indicators for fresh meat through comparison of the effects of selected antimicrobial interventions. | fresh meat products can become contaminated with the pathogen escherichia coli o157:h7 during the slaughter process; therefore, an e. coli o157:h7 indicator to verify the effectiveness of process controls in slaughter establishments would be extremely useful. the hides of 20 beef cattle were sampled, and 113 bacterial isolates were obtained. thirteen of these isolates representing four genera, escherichia, enterobacter, providencia, and serratia, were selected based on growth and biochemical cha ... | 2005 | 16355829 |
| assessment of accuracy of disk diffusion tests for the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of common bovine mastitis pathogens: a novel approach. | a novel approach was used to assess disk diffusion accuracy for determination of antibiotic susceptibility of various bovine mastitis pathogens (escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus chromogenes, and streptococcus dysgalactiae). mic and disk diffusion diameters were compared for 587 bovine mastitis bacterial isolates collected in israel and 3,186 drug-organism combinations. results were analyzed by roc curves, bayesian statistics, and standard descriptive methods. low correlati ... | 2005 | 16359193 |
| a comparison of the antimicrobial activity of garlic, ginger, carrot, and turmeric pastes against escherichia coli o157:h7 in laboratory buffer and ground beef. | the antimicrobial effects of garlic, ginger, carrot and turmeric pastes against escherichia coli o157:h7 in laboratory buffer and model food system were investigated. turmeric paste, fresh carrot, ginger and garlic pastes from roots, and commercial ginger and garlic paste were heated alone or with buffered peptone water (bpw) or ground beef at 70 degrees c for 7 min. all samples were inoculated with a three strain cocktail of overnight cultures of e. coli o157: h7 and stored at 4 degrees c and 8 ... | 2005 | 16366855 |
| characterization of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica from cattle feed ingredients. | the objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the frequency with which feed ingredients or mixed feeds in cattle feedlots were contaminated with escherichia coli and salmonella spp. and (2) to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of non-type-specific escherichia coli and salmonella spp. recovered from feed ingredients or mixed feeds. approximately 30 individual samples were collected from each of several feed commodities present on two cattle feedlots each month for 1 year. hal ... | 2005 | 16366856 |
| antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons in pathogenic escherichia coli from dairy farms. | the goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons, including integron-associated genes, in 24 escherichia coli isolates from dairy farms. escherichia coli isolates (n = 14) from dairy cows with mastitis (ecdm), shiga toxin-producing (stec) o157:h7 from cull dairy cow fecal samples (n = 9) and bulk tank milk (n = 1) were evaluated for sensitivity to 19 antimicrobial agents used commonly in human and/or veterinary medicine. multiplex pcr was used ... | 2005 | 16366857 |
| association between indicators of cattle density and incidence of paediatric haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (hus) in children under 15 years of age in france between 1996 and 2001: an ecological study. | over the past years shiga-like toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o157:h7 emerged as an important cause of severe gastrointestinal illnesses and haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (hus) with up to 10% of children infected with stec developing hus. we conducted a geographical ecological study using the district as the statistical unit. for each district, we estimated the incidence of hus among children <15 years for the period 1996-2001 from national hus surveillance data and data obtained on cattl ... | 2006 | 16371171 |
| [identification on the immunogenic activity of recombinant rltb/ctb-lipl41/ 1 to leptospira interrogans and detection of lipl41 gene with its production]. | to construct prokaryotic expression systems of ltb/ctb-lipl41/1 fusion genes, identify immunogenic and adjuvant activities of the products as well as to understand the frequencies of lipl41 gene that carrying and expressing in l. interrogans wild strains and specific antibody levels in sera from patients with leptospirosis. | 2005 | 16390012 |
| modeling and predicting the simultaneous growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 and ground beef background microflora for various enrichment protocols. | the simultaneous growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 (o157) and the ground beef background microflora (bm) was described in order to characterize the effects of enrichment factors on the growth of these organisms. the different enrichment factors studied were basal medium (trypticase soy broth and e. coli broth), the presence of novobiocin in the broth, and the incubation temperature (37 degrees c or 40 degrees c). bm and o157 kinetics were simultaneously fitted by using a competitive growth mode ... | 2006 | 16391052 |
| prevalence and virulence factors of escherichia coli serogroups o26, o103, o111, and o145 shed by cattle in scotland. | a national survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of escherichia coli o26, o103, o111, and o145 in feces of scottish cattle. in total, 6,086 fecal pats from 338 farms were tested. the weighted mean percentages of farms on which shedding was detected were 23% for e. coli o26, 22% for e. coli o103, and 10% for e. coli o145. the weighted mean prevalences in fecal pats were 4.6% for e. coli o26, 2.7% for e. coli o103, and 0.7% for e. coli o145. no e. coli o111 was detected. farms with catt ... | 2006 | 16391103 |
| quantitative analysis and evaluation of the solubility of hydrophobic proteins recovered from brain, heart and urine using uv-visible spectrophotometry. | there is a need for a simple method that can directly quantify hydrophobic proteins. uv-visible spectrophotometry was applied in the present study for this purpose. absorbance at lambda = 280 nm (a280) was detected for both escherichia coli membrane proteins and bovine serum albumin, whereas absorbance at lambda = 620 nm (a620) was only detected for e. coli membrane proteins. the a620 values of the brain samples were greater than those of heart samples when equal concentrations were used, regard ... | 2006 | 16402178 |
| geographical variation in antibiotic resistance profiles of escherichia coli isolated from swine, poultry, beef and dairy cattle farm water retention ponds in florida. | the aim of this study was to assess geographical variation in multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) profiles of livestock escherichia coli as well as to evaluate the ability of mar profiles to differentiate sources of faecal pollution. | 2006 | 16405684 |
| super-shedding cattle and the transmission dynamics of escherichia coli o157. | the prevalence of escherichia coli o157 displays striking variability across the scottish cattle population. on 78% of farms, in a cross-sectional survey of 952, no shedding of e. coli o157 was detected, but on a small proportion, approximately 2%, very high prevalences of infection were found (with 90-100% of pats sampled being positive). we ask whether this variation arises from the inherent stochasticity in transmission dynamics or whether it is a signature of underlying heterogeneities in th ... | 2006 | 16409660 |
| differentiation of faecal escherichia coli from humans and animals by multiple antibiotic resistance analysis. | multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) was performed on 128 escherichia coli isolates, recovered from faecal samples of humans and animals (cattle, goat, sheep) to determine and compare their antibiotic resistance patterns and to evaluate them statistically in order to specify the source of the faecal material. | 2006 | 16411923 |
| salvage of focal cerebral ischemic damage by transfusion of high o2-affinity recombinant hemoglobin polymers in mouse. | cell-free hemoglobin solutions with high oxygen affinity might be beneficial for selectively delivering oxygen to ischemic tissue. a recombinant hybrid hemoglobin molecule was designed using the human alpha-subunit and the bovine beta-subunit, with placement of surface cysteines to permit disulfide bond polymerization of the tetramers. the resulting protein generated from an escherichia coli expression system had a molecular mass >1 mda, a p50 of approximately 3 torr, and a cooperativity of n = ... | 2006 | 16424069 |
| acute experimental mastitis is not causal toward the development of energy-related metabolic disorders in early postpartum dairy cows. | twenty holstein cows in early lactation (7 d in milk) were administered 100 microg of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) dissolved in 10 ml of sterile 0.9% nacl saline (treatment; trt) or 10 ml of sterile saline (control) into both right mammary quarters to test the hypothesis that acute experimental mastitis would have negative impacts on aspects of energy metabolism that might lead to the development of metabolic disorders. a primed continuous intravenous infusion (14-micromol/kg of bw ... | 2006 | 16428629 |
| escherichia coli with anti-o157:h7 activity isolated from bovine colon. | to isolate bacteria from bovine gastrointestinal tract and investigate their inhibitory effect on escherichia coli o157:h7 in vitro. | 2006 | 16430515 |
| comparison of effects of high-pressure processing and heat treatment on immunoactivity of bovine milk immunoglobulin g in enriched soymilk under equivalent microbial inactivation levels. | immunoglobulin-rich foods may provide health benefits to consumers. to extend the refrigerated shelf life of functional foods enriched with bovine immunoglobulin g (igg), nonthermal alternatives such as high-pressure processing (hpp) may offer advantages to thermal processing for microbial reduction. to evaluate the effects of hpp on the immunoactivity of bovine igg, a soymilk product enriched with milk protein concentrates, derived from dairy cows that were hyperimmunized with 26 human pathogen ... | 2006 | 16448177 |
| selection of an escherichia coli o157:h7 bacteriophage for persistence in the circulatory system of mice infected experimentally. | a bacteriophage lytic for escherichia coli o157:h7 was isolated from bovine manure. following in-vivo selection, the phage acquired the capacity to persist in the circulatory system of mice for at least 38 days. when mice were infected experimentally with e. coli o157:h7 (10(7) cfu/mouse), simultaneous injection of the mice with phage (10(8) pfu/mouse) cleared e. coli o157:h7 from the mice within 48 h. | 2006 | 16451412 |
| role of coresistance in the development of resistance to chloramphenicol in escherichia coli isolated from sick cattle and pigs. | to determine the cause of persistent resistance to chloramphenicol (cp) after the ban on its use in food-producing animals in several countries. | 2006 | 16454626 |
| bedding and within-pen location effects on feedlot pen runoff quality using a rainfall simulator. | soluble salts, nutrients, and pathogenic bacteria in feedlot-pen runoff have the potential to cause pollution of the environment. a 2-yr study (1998-1999) was conducted at a beef cattle (bos taurus) feedlot in southern alberta, canada, to determine the effect of bedding material [barley (hordeum vulgare l.) straw versus wood chips] and within-pen location on the chemical and bacterial properties of pen-floor runoff. runoff was generated with a portable rainfall simulator and analyzed for chemica ... | 2006 | 16455851 |
| assessing the efficacy of within-animal control strategies against e. coli o157: a simulation study. | a stochastic simulation model was used to assess the efficacy of potential measures to control the levels of escherichia coli o157 within the bovine host. the model described e. coli o157 population sizes at several sites along the bovine gut and therefore only interventions that operate at an individual animal level could be evaluated. in order to use the model to evaluate the control strategies, it was necessary to make assumptions about how each strategy affected e. coli o157 populations in v ... | 2006 | 16464511 |
| cesarean section and ovariohysterectomy after severe uterine torsion in four cows. | to report a technique for intra-partum ovariohysterectomy (ovh) in cows after severe uterine compromise after uterine torsion. | 2006 | 16472302 |
| characterization of cytokine expression in milk somatic cells during intramammary infections with escherichia coli or staphylococcus aureus by real-time pcr. | the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (il)-6, il-8, il-12, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (gm-csf), tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha, and interferon (ifn)-gamma, by milk somatic cells was characterized by real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in dairy cows experimentally challenged with either e. coli (n = 8) or s. aureus (n = 8). the mrna abundance of a target gene was calibrated with that of a reference gene (beta-actin) and expressed as fold of ... | 2006 | 16472521 |
| fluorescently labeled collagen binding proteins allow specific visualization of collagen in tissues and live cell culture. | visualization of the formation and orientation of collagen fibers in tissue engineering experiments is crucial for understanding the factors that determine the mechanical properties of tissues. in this study, collagen-specific fluorescent probes were developed using a new approach that takes advantage of the inherent specificity of collagen binding protein domains present in bacterial adhesion proteins (cna35) and integrins (gst-alpha1i). both collagen binding domains were obtained as fusion pro ... | 2006 | 16476406 |
| biochemical characterization of human enteropeptidase light chain. | the synthetic gene encoding human enteropeptidase light chain (l-hep) was cloned into plasmid pet-32a downstream from the gene of fusion partner thioredoxin immediately after the dna sequence encoding the enteropeptidase recognition site. the fusion protein thioredoxin (trx)/l-hep was expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3). autocatalytic cleavage of the fusion protein and activation of recombinant l-hep were achieved by solubilization of inclusion bodies and refolding of trx/l-hep fusion protei ... | 2006 | 16489914 |
| biosynthetic 13c labeling of aromatic side chains in proteins for nmr relaxation measurements. | site-specific 13c labeling offers a desirable means of eliminating unwanted relaxation pathways and coherent magnetization transfer in nmr relaxation experiments. here we use [1-13c]-glucose as the sole carbon source in the growth media for protein overexpression in escherichia coli. the approach results in specific incorporation of 13c at isolated positions in the side chains of aromatic amino acids, which greatly simplifies the measurements and interpretation of 13c relaxation rates in these s ... | 2006 | 16492013 |
| prevalence and characterization of escherichia coli o157 isolates from minnesota dairy farms and county fairs. | samples were collected from 26 organic and conventional farms and 12 county fairs in minnesota during 2001 and 2002 to identify the presence of escherichia coli o157. immunomagnetic separation was used for isolation of e. coli o157. isolates were further characterized by the presence of virulence marker genes (stx1, stx2, eaea, e-hly, katp, etpd, and espp), antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and genotypes. during 2001, e. coli o157 was isolated from 16 (5.2%) of 305 fecal samples and from 7 ... | 2006 | 16496562 |
| comparison of e. coli o157 and shiga toxin-encoding genes (stx) prevalence between ohio, usa and norwegian dairy cattle. | environmental and food contamination with shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) pose a threat to public health worldwide, with notable geographic differences in incidence of human disease caused by these organisms. the prevalence of e. coli o157 and total stx-positive specimens collected from mature dairy cattle in ohio and norwegian dairy farms was compared using identical laboratory methods in a cross-sectional survey. e. coli o157 was isolated from 5/750 (0.66%) of ohio dairy cows fro ... | 2006 | 16504323 |
| phosphorus and sediment loss in a catchment with winter forage grazing of cropland by dairy cattle. | the loss of phosphorus and sediment to surface waters can impair their quality. it was hypothesized that the practice of winter grazing dairy cattle on cropland of moderate slope (5-20%) would exacerbate the loss of p and suspended sediment (ss) from land to water. in a small (4.3 ha) catchment two flumes were installed, upstream and downstream of one field (about 2 ha) that had been cropped for 2 yr and grazed in winter (june-july) by dairy cattle. flow proportional samples were taken and measu ... | 2006 | 16510702 |
| cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of the protein module (biv2-helix) in the fusion core of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (biv) gp40. | the fusion core of bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv) gp40 is proposed to be involved in membrane fusion. however, no crystal structures are yet available. a predicted protein module biv2-helix of bivgp40 has been expressed in escherichia coli and purified by chromatography. recombinant biv2-helix was crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique at 291 k. the crystals were grown in mpd and belonged to the primitive rhombohedral space group r3, with unit-cell parameters a = 39. ... | 2005 | 16511008 |
| in vivo expression of the antimicrobial defensin and lactoferrin proteins allowed by the strategic insertion of introns adequately spliced. | a major limitation of conventional shuttle expression system, when cloning a bactericidal gene, is the basal expression level in bacteria, which is lethal. although the expression level is low, the bactericidal feature inherent to the molecule leads to subsequent failure to recover intact transformants when the related gene is cloned into a conventional expression vector. contrary to popular belief, the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early region 1 promoter (cmv), which is to date one of the mo ... | 2006 | 16516411 |
| a retrospective study of the aetiology and temporal distribution of bovine clinical mastitis in smallholder dairy herds in the dar es salaam region of tanzania. | a 31-year record-based retrospective study was carried out to determine the aetiology and temporal distribution of bovine clinical mastitis in smallholder dairy herds in the dar es salaam region of tanzania over the period november 1971-december 2002. laboratory information on 1964 quarter samples from 1365 cows in 281 smallholder dairy herds were retrieved, compiled and studied. eighty-eight percent of the quarter samples were culture-positive and the predominant mastitis pathogens isolated wer ... | 2007 | 16516507 |
| analysis of the clonal relationship of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli serogroup o165:h25 isolated from cattle. | variations in time and space of a clonal group of escherichia coli o165:h25 on a cattle farm were monitored. the virulence marker pattern (stx genes, eae gene, hly(ehec) gene, katp gene, espp gene, efa gene) suggests that e. coli o165:h25 of bovine origin may represent a risk for human infection. | 2006 | 16517683 |
| a novel adsorbent of circulating bacterial toxins and cytokines: the effect of direct hemoperfusion with ctr column for the treatment of experimental endotoxemia. | the current study examined the ability of a new adsorbent, ctr, to remove enterotoxins, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1), and cytokines from blood and/or serum in vitro and the effects of the extracorporeal treatment with ctr column on mortality rate and inflammatory responses to endotoxic shock in vivo. | 2006 | 16521274 |
| [recombinant non-structural 3a, 3b and 3ab proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus: use for differentiation of vaccinated and infected cattle]. | recombinant proteins 3a, 3b and 3ab were obtained by expression in escherichia coli and purified by metal-chelate chromatography. the proteins were used as antigens in indirect elisa to differentiate vaccinated and infected cattle. while testing 200 sera from cattle 3a-elisa was more sensitive and specific than 3b- and 3ab-elisa. compared with "chekit fmd-3abc", 3a-elisa showed the same level of specificity and higher level of sensitivity. | 2006 | 16523703 |
| results of the antimicrobial agent susceptibility study raised in a representative, cross-sectional monitoring study on a national basis. | the use of antimicrobial substances in human and veterinary medicine inevitably results in a selection pressure for drug resistance in exposed bacteria. preventive measures, apt to avoid the consequent development of new resistances and selection for existing ones, respectively, have to be elaborated. moreover, it has to be ensured that neither resistant bacteria nor resistance genes are spread to and consequently via the food chain. respiratory diseases as well as mastitis in dairy cattle belon ... | 2006 | 16531116 |
| coliform bacteria in sierra nevada wilderness lakes and streams: what is the impact of backpackers, pack animals, and cattle? | the presence of coliform bacteria indicates a watershed risk for harboring microbes capable of causing human disease. we hypothesized that water from watersheds that have different human- or animal-use patterns would have differing risks for the presence of coliform bacteria. methods; water was collected in wilderness areas of the sierra nevada range in california. a total of 60 sites from lakes or streams were selected to statistically differentiate the risk categories: 1) high use by backpacke ... | 2006 | 16538940 |
| microarray based comparison of two escherichia coli o157:h7 lineages. | previous research has identified the potential for the existence of two separate lineages of escherichia coli o157:h7. clinical isolates tended to cluster primarily within one of these two lineages. to determine if there are virulence related genes differentially expressed between the two lineages we chose to utilize microarray technology to perform an initial screening. | 2006 | 16539702 |
| wildlife identified as major source of escherichia coli in agriculturally dominated watersheds by box a1r-derived genetic fingerprints. | the presence of escherichia coli in recreational and potable waters is a major concern to the general public as elevated levels of e. coli suggest the presence of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. unfortunately, traditional microbial techniques do not allow specific identification of the source of e. coli. this reduces the ability to target management practices that reduce bacterial contamination. in the finger lakes region of western new york, usa, wildlife resides in relatively high densities o ... | 2007 | 16551490 |
| comparison of pcr-rflp and pfge for determining the clonality of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli strains. | we report here on a comparative evaluation of pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) assays, and ascertain the clonal relationship between 13 enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 : h7 strains isolated from fecal samples collected from three cows over a period of 2 months. pcr-rflp analysis was carried out with either bgli or ecorv digested la-pcr amplicons, generated by targeting region v of the stx-phage. while pcr-rflp analysis pl ... | 2006 | 16553842 |
| the influence of the nucleotide sequences of random shine-dalgarno and spacer region on bovine growth hormone gene expression. | to investigate the effects of the nucleotide sequences in shine-dalgarno (sd) and the spacer region (sd-atg) on bovine growth hormone (bgh) gene expression, the expression vectors under the control of the t7 promoter (pt7-7 vector) were constructed using bgh derivatives (bgh1 & bgh14) which have different 5'-coding regions and were induced in e. coli bl21(de3). oligonucleotides containing random sd sequences and a spacer region were chemically synthesized and the distance between the sd region a ... | 2006 | 16554719 |
| adrenomedullin (am) and adrenomedullin binding protein (am-bp) in the bovine mammary gland and milk: effects of stage of lactation and experimental intramammary e. coli infection. | adrenomedullin (am) has been characterized as an endogenous tissue survival factor and modulator of many inflammatory processes. because of the increased susceptibility of the mammary gland to infection during the time surrounding parturition in the cow, we investigated how milk and tissue content of am and its binding protein (am-bp) might be affected by the stage of lactation and the udder health status. milk and mammary biopsy samples were obtained from holstein cows 21 days prior to and at v ... | 2007 | 16569490 |
| characterization of escherichia coli isolates from different fecal sources by means of classification tree analysis of fatty acid methyl ester (fame) profiles. | microbial source tracking (mst) methods need to be rapid, inexpensive and accurate. unfortunately, many mst methods provide a wealth of information that is difficult to interpret by the regulators who use this information to make decisions. this paper describes the use of classification tree analysis to interpret the results of a mst method based on fatty acid methyl ester (fame) profiles of escherichia coli isolates, and to present results in a format readily interpretable by water quality mana ... | 2006 | 16570218 |
| serotypes and analysis of distribution of shiga toxin producing escherichia coli from cattle and sheep in the lower north island, new zealand. | to serotype a subset of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolates from cattle and sheep to determine whether any corresponding serotypes have been implicated in human diarrhoeal disease, both in new zealand and worldwide, and to examine the distribution of stec and enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) amongst cattle (calves, heifers and dairy) and sheep (lambs, rams and ewes), to assess whether carriage of identified bacterial genotypes may be associated with a particular age of ... | 2006 | 16596159 |
| purification and characterization of bovine steroid 21-hydroxylase (p450c21) efficiently expressed in escherichia coli. | steroid 21-hydroxylase, p450c21, is responsible for the conversion of progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone to their 21-hydroxylated derivatives. p450c21 has been poorly investigated because of difficulty in obtaining sufficient quantities of purified protein. to solve the problem, we have attempted to express the bovine p450c21 in escherichia coli as a stable form. the n-terminal membrane anchor and basic regions of p450c21 were replaced by the basic region of cyp2c3. the engineered p450 ... | 2006 | 16597434 |