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ceftobiprole activity against over 60,000 clinical bacterial pathogens isolated in europe, turkey, and israel from 2005 to 2010.ceftobiprole medocaril is a newly approved drug in europe for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap) (excluding patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia but including ventilated hap patients) and community-acquired pneumonia in adults. the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ceftobiprole against prevalent gram-positive and -negative pathogens isolated in europe, turkey, and israel during 2005 through 2010. a total of 60,084 consecutive, nondu ...201424777091
activity of colistin in combination with tigecycline or rifampicin against multidrug-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia.the antimicrobial treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections is complicated by intrinsic multidrug resistance and a lack of reliable susceptibility data. we assessed the activity of colistin (col), rifampicin (rif) and tigecycline (tgc) alone and in combination using a range of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and a simple invertebrate model of s. maltophilia infection (galleria mellonella). synergy [fractional inhibitory concentration indices (ficis) ≤0.5] between col and ...201424781003
synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of novel pyrimidine-benzimidazol combinations.a series of novel 4-substituted-2-{[(1h-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl] thio}-6-methylpyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four human cancer cell lines and inhibitory activities against five type culture strains in vitro. some of synthetic pyrimidine-benzimidazol combinations showed good inhibitory activities against stenotrophomonas maltophilia, especially compounds 7b and 7c. compounds 7a and 7d exhibited enhanced activities again ...201424798098
insight into the role of substrate-binding residues in conferring substrate specificity for the multifunctional polysaccharide lyase smlt1473.anionic polysaccharides are of growing interest in the biotechnology industry due to their potential pharmaceutical applications in drug delivery and wound treatment. chemical composition and polymer length strongly influence the physical and biological properties of the polysaccharide and thus its potential industrial and medical applications. one promising approach to determining monomer composition and controlling the degree of polymerization involves the use of polysaccharide lyases, which c ...201424808176
draft genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia seite02, a gammaproteobacterium isolated from selenite-contaminated mining soil.stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain seite02 was isolated from the rhizosphere of the selenium-hyperaccumulating legume astragalus bisculcatus. in this report, we provide the 4.56-mb draft genome sequence of s. maltophilia seite02, a gammaproteobacterium that can withstand high concentrations of selenite and reduce these to elemental selenium.201424812214
[investigation of integrons, sul1-2 and dfr genes in trimethoprim-sulfametoxazole-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from clinical samples].stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus, has an increasing importance in nosocomial and opportunistic infections. since it exhibits resistance to numerous broad-spectrum antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and tetracyclines, it may considerably limit empirical treatment options. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (sxt) is recommended as the first-line therapy in the treatment of s.maltophilia infections thanks to its high potency and usefulness i ...201424819258
adaptation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in cystic fibrosis: molecular diversity, mutation frequency and antibiotic resistance.due to the continuous exposure to a challenging environment and repeated antibiotic treatment courses, bacterial populations in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients experience selective pressure causing the emergence of mutator phenotypes. in this study we investigated the genotypic diversity, mutation frequency and antibiotic resistance of s. maltophilia isolates chronically colonizing cf patients. s. maltophilia was isolated from a total of 90 sputum samples, collected sequentially from 19 cf patient ...201424836944
a function of smedef, the major quinolone resistance determinant of stenotrophomonas maltophilia, is the colonization of plant roots.quinolones are synthetic antibiotics, and the main cause of resistance to these antimicrobials is mutation of the genes encoding their targets. however, in contrast to the case for other organisms, such mutations have not been found in quinolone-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates, in which overproduction of the smedef efflux pump is a major cause of quinolone resistance. smedef is chromosomally encoded and highly conserved in all studied s. maltophilia strains; it is an ancient elem ...201424837376
ceftolozane/tazobactam activity tested against gram-negative bacterial isolates from hospitalised patients with pneumonia in us and european medical centres (2012).during 2012, a total of 2968 isolates were consecutively collected from 59 medical centres in the usa and 15 european countries from hospitalised patients with pneumonia. ceftolozane/tazobactam (tazobactam at a fixed concentration of 4mg/l) and comparator agents were tested by reference methods, and mic endpoints were interpreted by clsi (2013) and eucast (2013) breakpoint criteria. pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolated pathogen (1019 strains; 34.3%), and ceftolozane/tazobactam was ...201424856078
biosorption and biodegradation of triphenyltin by stenotrophomonas maltophilia and their influence on cellular metabolism.triphenyltin (tpt), an endocrine disruptor, is polluting the global environment through its worldwide use. however, information concerning the mechanisms of tpt biodegradation and cellular metabolism is severely limited. therefore, these processes were elucidated through experiments involving tpt biosorption and degradation, intracellular metabolite analysis, nutrient use, ion and monosaccharide release, cellular membrane permeability and protein concentration quantification. the results verifie ...201424866561
persistence of microbial communities including pseudomonas aeruginosa in a hospital environment: a potential health hazard.the persistence of microbial communities and how they change in indoor environments is of immense interest to public health. moreover, hospital acquired infections are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality. evidence suggests that, in hospital environments agent transfer between surfaces causes healthcare associated infections in humans, and that surfaces are an important transmission route and may act as a reservoir for some of the pathogens.this study aimed to evaluate the diversi ...201424885173
draft genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain m30, isolated from a chronic pressure ulcer in an elderly patient.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen with an increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains. here, we report the draft genome sequence of s. maltophilia strain m30, isolated from a pressure ulcer in an elderly patient.201424926059
chronic dacryocystitis secondary to stenotrophomonas maltophilia and staphylococcus aureus mixed infection.a 40-year-old woman with a history of recurrent attacks of dacryocystitis for 2 years developed a lacrimal sac abscess. β-lactam antibiotics, considered the first-line treatment for dacryocystitis, were ineffective. she underwent dacryocystorhinostomy. cultures from the lacrimal sac demonstrated the presence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia and methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus, both of which are sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. this rare and antibiotic-resistant bacterial sp ...201424951597
[treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia meningoencephalitis with intraventricular colistin].-201424951912
clinical factors associated with acquisition of resistance to levofloxacin in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.fluoroquinolones, rapidly gaining prominence in treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia (smp), are noted for their potency and tolerability. however, smp may rapidly acquire resistance to fluoroquinolones. we evaluated associations of clinical factors with acquisition of levofloxacin resistance (lfr) in smp.201424954328
characterization of bacterial community of raw milk from dairy cows during subacute ruminal acidosis challenge by high-throughput sequencing.four cannulated primiparous holstein dairy cows (84 ± 25 dim) were used in a 2 × 2 crossover experimental design. the two diets contained 40% (low-concentrate diet, or control diet, lc) and 70% (high-concentrate diet, or sara induction diet, hc) concentrate feeds respectively. milk samples were collected on days 17, 18 and 19 of each experimental period. dna was extracted from each milk sample, and pyrosequencing was applied to analyse the milk microbial community.201524961605
protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase: a wide substrate specificity enzyme isolated from stenotrophomonas maltophilia kb2 as a useful tool in aromatic acid biodegradation.protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenases (p34os) catalyze the reaction of the ring cleavage of aromatic acid derivatives. it is a key reaction in many xenobiotic metabolic pathways. p34os characterize narrow substrate specificity. this property is an unfavorable feature in the biodegradation process because one type of pollution is rarely present in the environment. thus, the following study aimed at the characterization of a p34o from stenotrophomonas maltophilia kb2, being able to utilize a wide spect ...201424970342
maldi-tof: a useful tool for laboratory identification of uncommon glucose non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria associated with cystic fibrosis.the predisposition of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) for recurrent pulmonary infections can result in poor prognosis of the disease. although the clinical significance in cf of micro-organisms, such as staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae and pseudomonas aeruginosa, is well established, the implication of uncommon glucose non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (ugnf-gnb) in respiratory samples from cf patients is still unclear. because of limitations of traditional methods used in mos ...201424980571
a patient presenting with cholangitis due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia and pseudomonas aeruginosa successfully treated with intrabiliary colistine.anatomical barriers for antibiotic penetration can pose a particular challenge in the clinical setting. stenotrophomonas maltophilia (sm) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) are two pathogens capable of developing multiple drug-resistance (mdr) mechanisms. we report the case of a 56-year-old female patient with a permanent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (ptbd), who was admitted to our hospital with a cholangitis due to a mdr escherichia coli strain. upon admission, culture-guided antimic ...201425002957
bacterial degradation of naproxen--undisclosed pollutant in the environment.the presence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) in the environment is an emerging problem due to their potential influence on human health and biocenosis. this is the first report on the biotransformation of naproxen, a polycyclic nsaid, by a bacterial strain. stenotrophomonas maltophilia kb2 transformed naproxen within 35 days with about 28% degradation efficiency. under cometabolic conditions with glucose or phenol as a carbon source degradation efficiency was 78% and 40%, respe ...201425026371
diaryl-substituted azolylthioacetamides: inhibitor discovery of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (ndm-1).the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens is a global public health problem. metallo-β-lactamases (mβls) such as new delhi mβl-1 (ndm-1) are principle contributors to the emergence of resistance because of their ability to hydrolyze almost all known β-lactam antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. a clinical inhibitor of mbls has not yet been found. in this study we developed eighteen new diaryl-substituted azolylthioacetamides and found all of them t ...201425048031
antifungal activity of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in stomoxys calcitrans larvae.the microbiota present in stomoxys calcitrans larvae may assist their survival in contaminated environments through production of inhibitory substances. bacteriological identification methods, the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and scanning electron microscopy (sem) were used to detect a bacterium naturally present in mucus and macerated s. calcitrans larvae. the antifungal activity was determined based on the results from disk diffusion tests on an artificial solid medium. the bacterium was id ...201425054498
comparisons between patients with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-susceptible and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia monomicrobial bacteremia: a 10-year retrospective study.the impact of bacteremia due to the resistance of stenotrophomonas maltophilia to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-sxt) is uncertain. this study compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with tmp-sxt-susceptible (tsssm) and tmp-sxt-resistant s. maltophilia (tsrsm) monomicrobial bacteremia.201625081988
recurrent stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia after iliac crest bone graft harvest.we describe a rare case of recurrent stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia in a previously healthy 45-year-old man. the infection was caused by osteomyelitis at the site of an iliac crest bone graft harvest. a genetic analysis using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (eric-pcr) revealed that the blood isolates and pathogens obtained from the surgical wound were identical. initial treatment with levofloxacin and cefozopran was ineffective, but the patient' ...201425088888
characterization of environmental ctx-m-15-producing stenotrophomonas maltophilia. 201425092701
identification of a novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase, aac(6')-iak, from a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia iomtu250 has a novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase-encoding gene, aac(6')-iak. the encoded protein, aac(6')-iak, consists of 153 amino acids and has 86.3% identity to aac(6')-iz. escherichia coli transformed with a plasmid containing aac(6')-iak exhibited decreased susceptibility to arbekacin, dibekacin, neomycin, netilmicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin. thin-layer chromatography showed that aac(6')-iak acetylated amikacin, arbekacin, dibekacin, isepamicin, kan ...201425092711
antibiotic management of lung infections in cystic fibrosis. i. the microbiome, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, gram-negative bacteria, and multiple infections.despite significant advances in treatment strategies targeting the underlying defect in cystic fibrosis (cf), airway infection remains an important cause of lung disease. in this two-part series, we review recent evidence related to the complexity of cf airway infection, explore data suggesting the relevance of individual microbial species, and discuss current and future treatment options. in part i, the evidence with respect to the spectrum of bacteria present in the cf airway, known as the lun ...201425102221
stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an emerging pathogen in dialysis units.infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with end stage renal disease. stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an unusual yet emerging pathogen in dialysis units. we performed a systematic pubmed/medline and scopus review of peer-reviewed english papers on s. maltophilia infections among patients undergoing chronic dialysis, with regard to vascular accesses, systemic infections and environment contaminations. moreover, we suggest a treatment algorithm to preserve the pat ...201425102909
effects of the joint exposure of decabromodiphenyl ether and tetrabromobisphenol a on soil bacterial community structure.decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) and tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) are the main contaminants at electronic waste (e-waste) recycling sites (ewrss), and their potential toxicological effects have received extensive attention. however, the impact on soil microorganism of joint exposure to the two chemicals remains almost unknown. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the response of soil bacterial community structure in the joint pr ...201525106514
clinical characteristics and risk factors of infections caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a hospital in northwest china.stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections have recently increased in importance in china, particularly in intensive care units (icus). the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of s. maltophilia infection in icu of a hospital in northwest china.201425116665
activity of the type i signal peptidase inhibitor md3 against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria alone and in combination with colistin.effective treatment of gram-negative bacterial infections is increasingly challenging due to the spread of multidrug-resistant strains and a lack of new antimicrobials in development. bacterial type i signal peptidases (spases) represent a highly conserved and essential target for inhibition by novel compounds. spases are required for the effective processing of membrane translocated proteins involved in core functions related to metabolism, virulence and resistance. in this study we assessed th ...201425134721
macabcsm, an abc-type tripartite efflux pump of stenotrophomonas maltophilia involved in drug resistance, oxidative and envelope stress tolerances and biofilm formation.to characterize a five gene cluster, macrs-macabcsm, in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.201425139838
[pathogenic analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the pediatric intensive care unit in high-altitude areas].to investigate the pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) and their drug resistance in the pediatric intensive care unit (picu) in high-altitude areas and to provide a clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of vap.201425140768
[isolation and characterization of two bacteria with heavy metal resistance and phosphate solubilizing capability].two phosphate solubilizing bacteria (t psb1 and t psb 2) with high heavy metal resistance were isolated from soil of a lead-zinc mine in huayuan of hunan province, china. these two bacteria were identified as stenotrophomonas maltophilia and burkholderia gladioli by 16s rrna sequencing analysis, respectively. in the media containing insoluble inorganic calcium phosphate, the soluble phosphate amounts reached respectively 402.9 mg x l(-1) and 589.9 mg x l(-1) with the bacteria t psb1 and t psb2 a ...201425158515
stenotrophomonas maltophilia in mexico: antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation and clonal diversity.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen associated with high mortality. our aim was to examine antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm production and clonal relatedness of clinical isolates of s. maltophilia. s. maltophilia isolates were collected between 2006 and 2013 from two tertiary care hospitals in mexico. antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by the broth microdilution method. pcr was used to determine the presence of β-lactamase genes l1 an ...201425165124
stenotrophomonas maltophilia endogenous endophthalmitis: clinical presentation, antibiotic susceptibility, and outcomes.to describe clinical presentation, antibiotic susceptibility, and outcomes in patients with stenotrophomonas maltophilia endogenous endophthalmitis.201425170244
non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria in hospital tap water and water used for haemodialysis and bronchoscope flushing: prevalence and distribution of antibiotic resistant strains.this study provides a detailed description of the distribution of non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria (nfgnb) collected in water sources (tap water and water used for haemodialysis and bronchoscope flushing) from different wards of a tertiary care hospital. the aim is to identify risk practices for patients or to alert clinicians to the possible contamination of environment and medical devices. the resistance profile of nfgnb environmental isolates has shown that more than half (55.56%) of t ...201425173861
[prevalence and features of pathogenic bacteria in the department of hematology without bone marrow transplantation in peking union medical college hospital from 2010 to 2012].to investigate the incidence, pathogens, and clinical features of infection in consecutive cases from 2010 to 2012 in peking union medical college hospital.201425176215
preventing microbial colonisation of catheters: antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of cellobiose dehydrogenase.the ability of cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh) to produce hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) for antimicrobial and antibiofilm functionalisation of urinary catheters was investigated. a recombinantly produced cdh from myriococcum thermophilum was shown to completely inhibit the growth of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus both in liquid and solid media when supplemented with either 0.8 mm or 2 mm cellobiose as substrate. biofilm formation on silicone films was prevented by cdh when supplemented ...201425176584
high-dosage tigecycline for stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia. 201425189974
infections caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.stenotrophomonas maltophilia (s. maltophilia) is a globally emerging gram-negative bacillus that is widely spread in environment and hospital equipment. recently, the incidence of infections caused by this organism has increased, particularly in patients with hematological malignancy and in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) having neutropenia, mucositis, diarrhea, central venous catheters or graft versus host disease and receiving intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy, immu ...201425202682
pyrene removal and transformation by joint application of alfalfa and exogenous microorganisms and their influence on soil microbial community.phytoremediation is an attractive approach for the cleanup of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soil. the joint effect of alfalfa and microorganisms, including arthrobacter oxydans, staphylococcus auricularis and stenotrophomonas maltophilia, on pyrene removal was investigated. the results showed that the joint effect primarily contributed to pyrene removal, and the concentration of residual pyrene in rhizosphere soil was lower than that in non-rhizosphere soil. after joint treatment ...201425232990
developing a method for reporting patient harm due to antimicrobial shortages.the number of drug shortages in the united states has increased in recent years. while some literature exists on factors that contribute to antimicrobial shortages, the need remains to accurately gage the level of patient harm incurred as a result of realized antimicrobial shortages. furthermore, current methods of reporting adverse drug events are known to under-report instances of patient harm. we sought to develop an ongoing and accurate method of reporting patient harm due to antimicrobial s ...201425234281
conformational analysis and cytotoxic activities of the frog skin host-defense peptide, hymenochirin-1pa.hymenochirin-1pa (lklspktkdtlkkvlkgaikgaiaiasma-nh2) is a host-defense peptide first isolated from skin secretions of the frog pseudhymenochirus merlini (pipidae). a nuclear magnetic resonance structural investigation demonstrates that the peptide has a random coil conformation in water but, in the membrane-mimetic solvent 50% (v/v) trifluoroethanol-water adopts a well-defined conformation characterized by two α-helical domains from residues k6 to g17 and from g21 to m28, with the n-terminal reg ...201425241629
the contribution of class 1 integron to antimicrobial resistance in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.two hundred clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia were examined for the presence of class 1 integron and for the susceptibility to 12 different antimicrobials and detergents. the prevalence of class 1 integron in s. maltophilia isolates was 11%. the class 1 integron-positive isolates exhibited a higher resistance to kanamycin, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (sxt) than the class 1 integron-negative ones. polymerase chain reaction (pcr), amplifying the variable region of ...201525243757
stenotrophomonas maltophilia: rare cause of meningitis.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative bacillus, which is an extremely rare cause of meningitis. to our knowledge, there are only five previous pediatrics cases. here, we describe the case of a 4-year-old boy who developed meningitis associated with this organism, after several neurosurgical procedures and previous treatment with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. he was treated successfully with a combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime and levofloxacin. stenotrophomonas ma ...201425252064
introducing a salt bridge into the lipase of stenotrophomonas maltophilia results in a very large increase in thermal stability.high thermostability of enzymes is a prerequisite for their biotechnological applications. an organic solvent-tolerant and cold-active lipase, from the stenotrophomonas maltophilia, was unstable above 40 °c in previous studies. to increase the enzyme stability, possible hydrogen-bond networks were simulated by the introduction of a salt bridge in a highly flexible region of the protein. compared with the wild-type lipase, a mutant lipase (g165d and f73r) showed a >900-fold improvement in half-li ...201525257598
complete genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia type strain 810-2 (atcc 13637).an emerging nosocomial pathogen, stenotrophomonas maltophila has a high mortality rate in those it infects. here, we present the complete genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia 810-2 (atcc 13637), the type strain of the species. the 5-mb (66.1% g+c content) genome has been deposited in ncbi under accession number cp008838.201425258273
combination of photoreactor and packed bed bioreactor for the removal of ethyl violet from wastewater.an efficient treatment system that combines a photoreactor and packed bed bioreactor (pbr) was developed and evaluated for treating ethyl violet (ev)-containing wastewater. initial experiments demonstrated that the optimal operating parameters for the photoreactor in treating ev-containing wastewater were 2h reaction time, ph of 7, and 2 min liquid retention time. under these conditions, the photocatalytic reaction achieved a 61% ev removal efficiency and resulted in a significant bod/cod increa ...201425259784
delineation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from cystic fibrosis patients by fatty acid methyl ester profiles and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectra using hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunist multidrug-resistant pathogen that causes a wide range of nosocomial infections. various cystic fibrosis (cf) centres have reported an increasing prevalence of s. maltophilia colonization/infection among patients with this disease. the purpose of this study was to assess specific fingerprints of s. maltophilia isolates from cf patients (n = 71) by investigating fatty acid methyl esters (fames) through gas chromatography (gc) and highly abundant prote ...201425266870
complementary treatment of contact lens-induced corneal ulcer using honey: a case report.the aim of this study was to report the complementary use of honey for treatment of a contact lens-induced corneal ulcer. a 23-year-old contact lens user presented with a corneal ulcer in her left eye. she had visual acuity reduced to hand movement. there was a history of wearing contact lenses while swimming in a lake seven days before presentation. the cultures from corneal scrapings and contact lenses were positive for klebsiella oxytoca, pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia a ...201525278429
the impact of spgm, rpff, rmla gene distribution on biofilm formation in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is emerging as one of the most frequently found bacteria in chronic pulmonary infection. biofilm is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to disease pathogenesis. in the present study, a total of 37 isolates of s. maltophilia obtained from chronic pulmonary infection patients were evaluated to the relationship between biofilm production and the relative genes expression.201425285537
stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection among young children in a cardiac intensive care unit: a single institution experience.stenotrophomonas maltophilia can present as bacteremia, respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, soft tissue and wound infections, bone and joint infections, meningitis, and endocarditis especially in immunosuppressed patients and those with underlying medical conditions. the incidence and impact of s. maltophilia in young children with heart disease are poorly defined. a single center retrospective observational study was conducted in infants <180 days of age with positive s. malto ...201525293429
highly efficient transformation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia s21, an environmental isolate from soil, by electroporation.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, which also exhibits potential of wide applications in industry, environment and agriculture. an efficient transformation method for s. maltophilia would be convenient to its genetic studies. in this report, we focused on developing an efficient transformation protocol for s. maltophilia. gene transfer by three different methods (chemical transformation, conjugation and electroporation) indicated that electroporation was the most ...201425300664
stenotrophomonas maltophilia pseudo-outbreak at a university hospital bronchoscopy unit in turkey.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen found predominantly in the environment and hospital setting. invasive procedures and treatment methods, instruments used for diagnosis and irrational antibiotic use play major roles in the spread of this pathogen. the study aimed to evaluate consecutive s maltophilia isolation from bronchoalveolar lavage samples during bronchoscopy procedure during a week.201425303196
[ventilator associated pneumonia: confection of a strategy of prophylaxis and management based on the analysis of epidemiology].variable magnitude of impact on the outcomes of the critically ill patients has been credited to ventilation-associated pneumonia, in terms of mortality, length of hospital stay and mechanic ventilation days. three objectives have been defined in this study: mortality and incidence of ventilation-associated pneumonia before and after the implantation of a prophylaxis protocol (primary objectives); microbiologic mapping (secondary objective) as an instrument to optimize therapy.200625310547
novel cyclic di-gmp effectors of the yajq protein family control bacterial virulence.bis-(3',5') cyclic di-guanylate (cyclic di-gmp) is a key bacterial second messenger that is implicated in the regulation of many critical processes that include motility, biofilm formation and virulence. cyclic di-gmp influences diverse functions through interaction with a range of effectors. our knowledge of these effectors and their different regulatory actions is far from complete, however. here we have used an affinity pull-down assay using cyclic di-gmp-coupled magnetic beads to identify cy ...201425329577
evaluation of a new monochloramine generation system for controlling legionella in building hot water systems.to evaluate the efficacy of a new monochloramine generation system for control of legionella in a hospital hot water distribution system.201425333430
in vitro efficacy of high-dose tobramycin against burkholderia cepacia complex and stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from cystic fibrosis patients.burkholderia cepacia complex and stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections are associated with poor clinical outcomes in persons with cystic fibrosis (cf). the mic50 based on planktonic growth and the biofilm concentration at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited (bic50) of tobramycin were measured for 180 b. cepacia complex and 101 s. maltophilia cf isolates and were 100 μg/ml for both species. new inhalation devices that deliver high tobramycin levels to the lung may be able to exceed t ...201425348526
[a retrospective clinicopathological study of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly].to explore the clinicopathological characteristics of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly.201425351266
antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections in patients with cancer.patients with cancer are at high risk for infections caused by antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacteria. in this review, we summarize trends among the major pathogens and clinical syndromes associated with antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacterial infection in patients with malignancy, with special attention to carbapenem and expanded-spectrum β-lactam resistance in escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia--a ...201425352627
rapid identification of stenotrophomonas maltophilia by peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization.the objective of this study was to develop a novel peptide nucleic acid (pna) probe for stenotrophomonas maltophilia identification by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). the probe was evaluated using 33 human and veterinary clinical s. maltophilia isolates and 45 reference strains representing common bacterial species in the respiratory tract. the probe displayed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity on pure cultures and allowed detection in sputum from cystic fibrosis patients. the dete ...201425356348
update on acinetobacter species: mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and contemporary in vitro activity of minocycline and other treatment options.among acinetobacter species, a. baumannii and other closely related species are commonly implicated in nosocomial infections. these organisms are usually multidrug resistant (mdr), and therapeutic options to treat a. baumannii infections are very limited. clinicians have been resorting to older antimicrobial agents to treat infections caused by mdr a. baumannii, and some of these agents have documented toxicity and/or are not optimized for the infection type to be treated. recent clinical experi ...201425371512
risk factors and outcomes of stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia: a comparison with bacteraemia caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter species.stenotrophomonas maltophilia (sm) is an important nosocomial pathogen that exhibits intrinsic resistance to various antimicrobial agents. however, the risk factors for sm bacteraemia have not been sufficiently evaluated. from january 2005 to september 2012, we retrospectively compared the clinical backgrounds and outcomes of sm bacteraemic patients (sm group) with those of bacteraemic patients due to pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa group) or acinetobacter species (ac group). dna genotyping of the sm ...201425375244
blood infections in patients treated at transplantation wards of a clinical hospital in warsaw.establishment of the etiology in blood infection is always advisable. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the proportion of different bacterial species, including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in blood cultures of patients hospitalized in transplantation wards of a large clinical hospital between 2010 and 2012. a total of 1994 blood samples from patients who were treated at one of two transplantation wards of a large hospital in warsaw were analyzed using an automated blood culture system ...201425380873
bacterial constituents of indoor air in a high throughput building in the tropics.airborne bacteria are significant biotic constituents of bioaerosol. bacteria at high concentrations in the air can compromise indoor air quality (iaq) and result in many diseases. in tropical environments like malaysia that extensively utilize air-conditioning systems, this is particularly significant due to continuous recirculation of indoor air and the potential implications for human health. currently, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the impact of airborne bacteria on iaq in malaysia. ...201425382482
exploring nicotinamide cofactor promiscuity in nad(p)h-dependent flavin containing monooxygenases (fmos) using natural variation within the phosphate binding loop. structure and activity of fmos from cellvibrio sp. br and pseudomonas stutzeri nf13.flavin-containing monooxygenases (fmos) catalyse asymmetric oxidation reactions that have potential for preparative organic synthesis, but most use the more expensive, phosphorylated nicotinamide cofactor nadph to reduce fad to fadh2 prior to formation of the (hydro)peroxy intermediate required for substrate oxygenation. a comparison of the structures of nadph-dependent fmo from methylophaga aminisulfidivorans (mfmo) and smfmo from stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which is able to use both nadph an ...201425383040
antibiotic strategies for eradicating pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis.respiratory tract infection with pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs in most people with cystic fibrosis. once chronic infection is established, pseudomonas aeruginosa is virtually impossible to eradicate and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. early infection may be easier to eradicate.this is an update of a cochrane review first published in 2003, and previously updated in 2006 and 2009.201425383937
a linkage between smeijk efflux pump, cell envelope integrity, and σe-mediated envelope stress response in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.resistance nodulation division (rnd) efflux pumps, such as the smeijk pump of stenotrophomonas maltophilia, are known to contribute to the multidrug resistance in gram-negative bacteria. however, some rnd pumps are constitutively expressed even though no antimicrobial stresses occur, implying that there should be some physical implications for these rnd pumps. in this study, the role of smeijk in antimicrobials resistance, envelope integrity, and σe-mediated envelope stress response (esr) of s. ...201425390933
denitrification by cystic fibrosis pathogens - stenotrophomonas maltophilia is dormant in sputum.chronic pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection is the most severe complication for cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. infected endobronchial mucus of cf patients contains anaerobic zones mainly due to the respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. we have recently demonstrated ongoing denitrification in sputum from patients infected with p. aeruginosa. therefore we aimed to investigate, whether the pathogenicity of several known cf pathogens is correlated to their ability to perform denitrifi ...201525441256
anti-cancer, immunoregulatory, and antimicrobial activities of the frog skin host-defense peptides pseudhymenochirin-1pb and pseudhymenochirin-2pa.pseudhymenochirin-1pb (ps-1pb) and pseudhymenochirin-2pa (ps-2pa) are host-defense peptides, first isolated from skin secretions of the frog pseudhymenochirus merlini (pipidae). ps-1pb and ps-2pa are highly cytotoxic (lc50<12 μm) against non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma a549 cells, breast adenocarcinoma mda-mb-231 cells, and colorectal adenocarcinoma ht-29 cells but are also hemolytic against human erythrocytes (lc50=28±2 μm for ps-1pb and lc50=6±1 μm for ps-2pa). ps-2pa shows selective cytoto ...201425447194
in vitro activity of potential old and new drugs against multidrug-resistant gram-negatives.the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of mdr gram-negatives bacteria to old drugs such as polymyxin b, minocycline and fosfomycin and new drugs such as tigecycline.201525456893
stenotrophomonas maltophilia with histopathological features mimicking cutaneous gamma/delta t-cell lymphoma.we report a case of cutaneous stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection which presented with clinical and histopathological findings that mimicked a gamma/delta (γδ) t-cell lymphoma. in this case, tissue culture of the biopsy specimen was key to determining the diagnosis and allowing appropriate treatment with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and topical silvadene. a prompt complete resolution of lesions was observed following antibiotic treatment, with no recurrence of disease over the last 5 ye ...201525462188
purification and characterization of novel organic solvent tolerant 98kda alkaline protease from isolated stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain sk.ability of microorganisms to grow at alkaline ph makes them an attractive target for several industrial applications. thus, search for new extremozyme producing microorganisms must be a continuous exercise. hence, we isolated a potent alkaline protease producing bacteria from slaughter house soil. the morphological, biochemical and 16s rdna gene sequencing studies revealed that the isolated bacteria is stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain sk. alkaline protease from s. maltophilia strain sk was pu ...201525462807
stenotrophomonas maltophilia and vermamoeba vermiformis relationships: bacterial multiplication and protection in amoebal-derived structures.stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a bacteria involved in healthcare-associated infections, can be found in hospital water systems. other microorganisms, such as free living amoebae (fla), are also at times recovered in the same environment. amongst these protozoa, many authors have reported the presence of vermamoeba vermiformis. we show here that this amoeba enhances s. maltophilia growth and harbors the bacteria in amoebal-derived structures after 28 days in harsh conditions. these results highlig ...201425463386
synergistic interactions in mixed-species biofilms of pathogenic bacteria from the respiratory tract.mixed-species biofilms are involved in a wide variety of infections. we studied the synergistic interactions during dual-species biofilm formation among isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia.201425467269
susceptibility of stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates to antibiotics and contact lens multipurpose disinfecting solutions.to determine the susceptibility of stenotrophomonas maltophilia to various antibiotics and contact lens multipurpose disinfecting solutions.201425468893
characterization of a genomic island in stenotrophomonas maltophilia that carries a novel flor gene variant.to characterize the chromosomally encoded novel flor gene variant florv from stenotrophomonas maltophilia of porcine origin and elucidate the gene order and content of the florv-flanking regions in an mdr genomic island (gi).201525477328
genome-wide identification of genes necessary for biofilm formation by nosocomial pathogen stenotrophomonas maltophilia reveals that orphan response regulator fsnr is a critical modulator.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen of increasing concern to human health. most clinical isolates of s. maltophilia efficiently form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces, making this bacterium resistant to a number of antibiotic treatments and therefore difficult to eliminate. to date, very few studies have investigated the molecular and regulatory mechanisms responsible for s. maltophilia biofilm formation. here we constructed a random transposon insertion muta ...201525480754
[efficacy of tigecycline in treating severe infections of patients with hematological diseases].to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tigecycline in treating secondary infections of patients with hematological diseases.201425511594
exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic field affects biofilm formation by cystic fibrosis pathogens.to evaluate the in vitro effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field (elf-mf) on growth and biofilm formation by staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, burkholderia cepacia and stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains from cystic fibrosis patients.201425517897
granulation, control of bacterial contamination, and enhanced lipid accumulation by driving nutrient starvation in coupled wastewater treatment and chlorella regularis cultivation.bacterial contamination and biomass harvesting are still challenges associated with coupling of microalgae and wastewater treatment technology. this study investigated aggregation, bacterial growth, lipid production, and pollutant removal during bacteria contaminated chlorella regularis cultivation under nutrient starvation stress, by supposing the c/n/p ratios of the medium to 14/1.4/1 (mb₂.₅) and 44/1.4/1 (mb₄.₀), respectively. granules of 500-650 μm were formed in the bacteria contaminated in ...201525520170
in vitro activity of fosfomycin tromethamine against extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing urinary tract bacteria.to determine the in vitro activity of fosfomycin tromethamine against extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing uropathogens.201425523727
prevalence and detection of stenotrophomonas maltophilia carrying metallo-β-lactamase blal1 in beijing, china.intrinsic β-lactam resistance in stenotrophomonas maltophilia is caused by bla l1 and/or bla l2, a kind of metallo-β-lactamase with a broad substrate spectrum including carbapenems. a rapid and sensitive molecular method for the detection of bla l1 in clinical samples is needed to guide therapeutic treatment. in present study, we first described a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method for the rapid detection of bla l1 in clinical samples by using two methods including a chromogeni ...201425538701
dengue co-infection in a blood stream infection caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a case report.stenotrophomonas maltophilia (s. maltophilia) is an emerging opportunistic bacterial pathogen with resistance to several commonly used antibiotics. owing to its multidrug resistance (mdr), management of s. maltophilia blood stream infection (bsi) is challenging and requires the selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy. the presence of thrombocytopenia and shock are independent risk factors associated with increased mortality in patients with s. maltophilia bsi. we describe an unusual case of ...201425550715
infection and colonization by stenotrophomonas maltophilia: antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical background of strains isolated at a tertiary care centre in hungary.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important opportunistic, mainly nosocomial pathogen that emerged in the last decades worldwide. due to its inherent extended antibiotic resistance, therapeutic options are strongly limited. new resistance mechanisms in s. maltophilia make antibiotic therapy even more difficult. the aim of our study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance of s. maltophilia isolates collected in our laboratory and to reveal related clinical background.201425551459
sputum induction improves detection of pathogens in children with cystic fibrosis.sputum induction is a safe, well tolerated means of obtaining lower airway secretions from children with cystic fibrosis (cf), particularly for assessment of airway inflammation but the clinical value in diagnosing outpatient infections has not been extensively studied.201525565628
impact of pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma patients on charges and recurrence.ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) represents one of the driving forces behind antibiotic use in the icu. in a previous study, we established a defined algorithm for treatment of hospital-acquired vap dictated by the causative pathogen. the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the impact of this algorithm for hospital-acquired vap on recurrence and charges in trauma patients.201525572796
stenotrophomonas maltophilia interferes via the dsf-mediated quorum sensing system with candida albicans filamentation and its planktonic and biofilm modes of growth.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing importance. s. maltophilia k279a genome encodes a diffusible signal factor (dsf) dependent quorum sensing (qs) system that was first identified in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. dsf from x. campestris is a homologue of farnesoic acid, a candida albicans qs signal which inhibits the yeast-to-hyphal shift. here we describe the antagonistic effects of s. maltophilia on c. albicans on filamentation as well as on its plankton ...201525576410
risk factors for pre- and post-engraftment bloodstream infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.bloodstream infections (bsi) are frequently observed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct), and could cause morbidity and mortality.201525580541
characterization of bacteria degrading 3-hydroxy palmitic acid methyl ester (3oh-pame), a quorum sensing molecule of ralstonia solanacearum.bacterial wilt pathogen ralstonia solanacearum causes severe crop loss of eggplant, which is of economic importance in india. 3-hydroxy palmitic acid methyl ester (3oh-pame) is the main quorum sensing molecule governing the expression of virulence factors in r. solanacearum. ability of 164 bacterial isolates from the xylem of eggplant (solanum melongena l.), chilli pepper (capsicum annuum l.) and wild eggplant (solanum torvum sw.) to degrade 3oh-pame was tested by disc diffusion assay. enzymatic ...201525580768
rapid automated microscopy for microbiological surveillance of ventilator-associated pneumonia.diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is imprecise.201525585163
an overview of various typing methods for clinical epidemiology of the emerging pathogen stenotrophomonas maltophilia.typing of bacterial isolates has been used for decades to study local outbreaks as well as in national and international surveillances for monitoring newly emerging resistant clones. despite being recognized as a nosocomial pathogen, the precise modes of transmission of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in health care settings are unknown. due to the high genetic diversity observed among s. maltophilia clinical isolates, the typing results might be better interpreted if also environmental strains wer ...201525592000
prevalence of opportunistic infections in hiv-positive patients in bahrain: a four-year review (2009-2013).this study aimed to examine the prevalence of opportunistic infections in hiv-infected patients in bahrain and its relation to absolute cd4 count, cd4%, and cd4/cd8 ratio.201525596573
counterion-activated nanoactuator: reversibly switchable killing/releasing bacteria on polycation brushes.a strategy to release attached bacteria from surface-grafted bactericidal poly((trimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate chloride) (ptmaema) brushes has been proposed. the ptmaema brushes were fabricated via the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for contact killing of bacteria, including escherichia coli, staphylococcus epidermidis and stenotrophomonas maltophilia. the bacteria-conditioning surfaces, afterward, were washed with electrolyte solutions containing anions with different ...201525608105
persistence of nosocomial pathogens on various fabrics.fabrics can become contaminated with high numbers of microorganisms that may be pathogenic to patients in a hospital setting and can play an important role in the chain of infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the survival of several clinical bacterial and fungal isolates on several fabrics commonly used in hospitals.201225610201
post-cataract endophthalmitis caused by multidrug-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia: clinical features and risk factors.to report clinical features and risk factors of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis (pe) due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia.201525618260
fluids for continuous renal replacement therapy--an evaluation of microbial integrity.we have previously demonstrated widespread microbial contamination in the dialysis and replacement fluid circuits of bicarbonate-buffered, continuous renal replacement therapies (crrts). it is not known whether different crrt fluids have an impact on bacterial activity.201525633890
real-time monitoring of hydrogen cyanide (hcn) and ammonia (nh₃) emitted by pseudomonas aeruginosa.we present the real-time monitoring of hydrogen cyanide (hcn) production from pseudomonas aeruginosa (p. aeruginosa) strains in vitro, using laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy. simultaneously, the production of ammonia (nh3) was measured, and the influence of different factors (e.g. the medium, temperature and antibiotics treatment) was assessed. both reference strains and clinical isolates of patients with cf were studied, and compared to other pathogens commonly present in lungs/airways of ...201525634638
acquisition of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in intensive care unit: predictors and molecular epidemiology.we had for aim to determine the risk factors for acquiring carbapenem-intermediate or -resistant gram-negative bacilli (cr-gnb) in an intensive care unit (icu) and to identify the resistance mechanisms involved.201525640914
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