Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| expanding the chemical space of polyketides through structure-guided mutagenesis of vitis vinifera stilbene synthase. | several natural polyketides (pks) have been associated with important pharmaceutical properties. type iii polyketide synthases (pks) that generate aromatic pk polyketides have been studied extensively for their substrate promiscuity and product diversity. stilbene synthase-like (sts) enzymes are unique in the type iii pks class as they possess a hydrogen bonding network, furnishing them with thioesterase-like properties, resulting in aldol condensation of the polyketide intermediates formed. cha ... | 2015 | 26048582 |
| a rapid lc-ms/ms method for quantitative profiling of fatty acids, sterols, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in grapes. | the abundance of lipids in plants is influenced by genotype and phenotype. despite being a very important class of plant metabolites, knowledge of grape lipids is still very limited to date, with the exception of those located in seeds. few investigations of grape lipids have shown that their profile depends on grape maturity, the variety and their location in the berry. recent advances in liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry have paved the way for faster analysis of lipids with mi ... | 2015 | 26048823 |
| effect of postharvest dehydration on the composition of pinot noir grapes (vitis vinifera l.) and wine. | this study was conducted in order to improve our understanding of how phenolics and aroma compounds change in wine grapes during postharvest dehydration. pinot noir grapes grown in the willamette valley of oregon were harvested at 22.0 and 24.0°brix. grapes harvested at 22.0°brix were divided into three equal lots with one lot immediately used for wine production, and the remaining two lots placed inside an air tunnel with an air speed of 1.0-1.8ms(-1), 38% relative humidity and a temperature of ... | 2008 | 26049988 |
| a knowledge base for vitis vinifera functional analysis. | vitis vinifera (grapevine) is the most important fruit species in the modern world. wine and table grapes sales contribute significantly to the economy of major wine producing countries. the most relevant goals in wine production concern quality and safety. in order to significantly improve the achievement of these objectives and to gain biological knowledge about cultivars, a genomic approach is the most reliable strategy. the recent grapevine genome sequencing offers the opportunity to study t ... | 2015 | 26050794 |
| outcrossing potential between 11 important genetically modified crops and the chilean vascular flora. | the potential impact of genetically modified (gm) crops on biodiversity is one of the main concerns in an environmental risk assessment (era). the likelihood of outcrossing and pollen-mediated gene flow from gm crops and non-gm crops are explained by the same principles and depend primarily on the biology of the species. we conducted a national-scale study of the likelihood of outcrossing between 11 gm crops and vascular plants in chile by use of a systematized database that included cultivated, ... | 2016 | 26052925 |
| deciphering the niches of colonisation of vitis vinifera l. by the esca-associated fungus phaeoacremonium aleophilum using a gfp marked strain and cutting systems. | esca disease has become a major threat for viticulture. phaeoacremonium aleophilum is considered a pioneer of the esca complex pathosystem, but its colonisation behaviour inside plants remains poorly investigated. | 2015 | 26061034 |
| extracts from red muscadine and cabernet sauvignon wines induce cell death in molt-4 human leukemia cells. | red wine contains a diversity of polyphenolic compounds that exert beneficial health effects including anti-cancer effects. this trial evaluated the anti-proliferative potential of red muscadine (vitis rotundifolia) and red cabernet sauvignon (vitis vinifera) wines in cell culture. chemical properties of wines were determined by hplc-pda analysis and concentrated extracts of each wine were evaluated before and after glycosidic hydrolysis in molt-4 leukemia cells. cell growth and the induction of ... | 2008 | 26065741 |
| new candidate genes for the fine regulation of the colour of grapes. | in the last decade, great progress has been made in clarifying the main determinants of anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skin. however, the molecular details of the fine variation among cultivars, which ultimately contributes to wine typicity, are still not completely understood. to shed light on this issue, the grapes of 170 f1 progeny from the cross 'syrah'×'pinot noir' were characterized at the mature stage for the content of 15 anthocyanins during four growing seasons. this huge data ... | 2015 | 26071528 |
| regulation of flavonol content and composition in (syrah×pinot noir) mature grapes: integration of transcriptional profiling and metabolic quantitative trait locus analyses. | flavonols are a ubiquitous class of flavonoids that accumulate preferentially in flowers and mature berries. besides their photo-protective function, they play a fundamental role during winemaking, stabilizing the colour by co-pigmentation with anthocyanins and contributing to organoleptic characteristics. although the general flavonol pathway has been genetically and biochemically elucidated, the genetic control of flavonol content and composition at harvest is still not clear. to this purpose, ... | 2015 | 26071529 |
| expression of putative expansin genes in phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch) induced root galls of vitis spp. | grape phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch) is a serious global pest in viticulture. the insects are sedentary feeders and require a gall to feed and reproduce. the insects induce their feeding site within the meristematic zone of the root tip, where they stay attached, feeding both intra- and intercellularly, and causing damage by reducing plant vigour. several changes in cell structure and composition, including increased cell division and tissue swelling close to the feeding site, caus ... | 2017 | 26074670 |
| differential responses of sugar, organic acids and anthocyanins to source-sink modulation in cabernet sauvignon and sangiovese grapevines. | grape berry composition mainly consists of primary and secondary metabolites. both are sensitive to environment and viticultural management. as a consequence, climate change can affect berry composition and modify wine quality and typicity. leaf removal techniques can impact berry composition by modulating the source-to-sink balance and, in turn, may mitigate some undesired effects due to climate change. the present study investigated the balance between technological maturity parameters such as ... | 2015 | 26074942 |
| water transport properties of the grape pedicel during fruit development: insights into xylem anatomy and function using microtomography. | xylem flow of water into fruits declines during fruit development, and the literature indicates a corresponding increase in hydraulic resistance in the pedicel. however, it is unknown how pedicel hydraulics change developmentally in relation to xylem anatomy and function. in this study on grape (vitis vinifera), we determined pedicel hydraulic conductivity (kh) from pressure-flow relationships using hydrostatic and osmotic forces and investigated xylem anatomy and function using fluorescent ligh ... | 2015 | 26077763 |
| exogenous adenosine 5'-phosphoramidate behaves as a signal molecule in plants; it augments metabolism of phenylpropanoids and salicylic acid in arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. | cells contain various congeners of the canonical nucleotides. some of these accumulate in cells under stress and may function as signal molecules. their cellular levels are enzymatically controlled. previously, we demonstrated a signaling function for diadenosine polyphosphates and cyclic nucleotides in arabidopsis thaliana and grape, vitis vinifera. these compounds increased the expression of genes for and the specific activity of enzymes of phenylpropanoid pathways resulting in the accumulatio ... | 2015 | 26079287 |
| metrafenone resistance in a population of erysiphe necator in northern italy. | metrafenone has been used in europe in integrated pest management programmes since 2006 to control powdery mildews, including erysiphe necator. its exact mode of action is not known, but it is unique among fungicide classes used in powdery mildew management. recently, resistance to metrafenone was reported in blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. in this study we investigated metrafenone resistance in erysiphe necator in northern italy. | 2016 | 26079510 |
| terahertz time domain spectroscopy allows contactless monitoring of grapevine water status. | agriculture is the sector with the greatest water consumption, since food production is frequently based on crop irrigation. proper irrigation management requires reliable information on plant water status, but all the plant-based methods to determine it suffer from several inconveniences, mainly caused by the necessity of destructive sampling or of alteration of the plant organ due to contact installation. the aim of this work is to test if terahertz (thz) time domain reflectance measurements m ... | 2015 | 26082791 |
| volatile compounds from grape skin, juice and wine from five interspecific hybrid grape cultivars grown in québec (canada) for wine production. | developed from crosses between vitis vinifera and north american vitis species, interspecific hybrid grape varieties are becoming economically significant in northern areas, where they are now extensively grown for wine production. however, the varietal differences between interspecific hybrids are not well defined, nor are the relationships between hybrid grape and wine composition, which causes significant drawbacks in the development of viticulture and winemaking of northern wines. in an effo ... | 2015 | 26083035 |
| quality and pr gene expression of table grapes treated with ozone and sulfur dioxide to control fungal decay. | gaseous fumigants are commonly employed to control fungal decay of cold-stored grapes. so far it is not clear if these fumigants, besides the direct interaction against fungal structures, induce transcriptional responses of defensive markers. in order to contribute to understanding the mechanisms by which these fumigants exert their effect, we studied the influence of ozone (o3) and sulfur dioxide (so2) on the decay caused by botrytis cinerea, and the quality and expression of the defense-relate ... | 2016 | 26085036 |
| free radical scavenging properties of skin and pulp extracts of different grape cultivars in vitro and attenuation of h2o2-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue ex vivo. | grapes are the richest source of antioxidants due to the presence of potent bioactive phytochemicals. in this study, the phytochemical contents, scavenging activities and protective role against h2o2-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue ex vivo of four grape (vitis vinifera) cultivars extracts, namely flame seedless (black), kishmish chorni (black with reddish brown), red globe (red) and thompson seedless mutant (green), were evaluated. the total phenolics and flavonoids content in pulp or s ... | 2015 | 26089617 |
| using specific length amplified fragment sequencing to construct the high-density genetic map for vitis (vitis vinifera l. × vitis amurensis rupr.). | in this study, 149 f1 plants from the interspecific cross between 'red globe' (vitis vinifera l.) and 'shuangyou' (vitis amurensis rupr.) and the parent were used to construct a molecular genetic linkage map by using the specific length amplified fragment sequencing technique. dna sequencing generated 41.282 gb data consisting of 206,411,693 paired-end reads. the average sequencing depths were 68.35 for 'red globe,' 63.65 for 'shuangyou,' and 8.01 for each progeny. in all, 115,629 high-quality s ... | 2015 | 26089826 |
| comparative analysis of plant lycopene cyclases. | carotenoids are essential isoprenoid pigments produced by plants, algae, fungi and bacteria. lycopene cyclase (lyc) commonly cyclize carotenoids, which is an important branching step in the carotenogenesis, at one or both end of the backbone. plants have two types of lyc (β-lcy and ϵ-lcy). in this study, plant lycs were analyzed. based on domain analysis, all lycs accommodate lycopene cyclase domain (pf05834). furthermore, motif analysis indicated that motifs were conserved among the plants. on ... | 2015 | 26092704 |
| study of genetic variability in vitis vinifera l. germplasm by high-throughput vitis18ksnp array: the case of georgian genetic resources. | georgia, in the caucasian region, is considered the first domestication centre of grapevine. this country is characterized by high morphological variability of cultivated (vitis vinifera l. subsp. sativa (dc.) hegi) and wild (vitis vinifera l. subsp. sylvestris (gmel.) hegi) compartments. the main objective of this study was to investigate the level of genetic diversity obtained by the novel custom vitis18ksnp array, in order to analyse 71 grapevine accessions representative of wild and cultivat ... | 2015 | 26099513 |
| the effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the anti-inflammatory activity of vitis vinifera l. leaves. | botanicals are widely consumed all over the world for health purposes, with increased usage in the general population, in many different types of products, including foods and plant food supplements. several reports support for the beneficial effects of botanicals against gastrointestinal inflammation. however, no studies regarding the anti-inflammatory activity in the gastrointestinal tract of red vine leaves have been reported so far. the present work investigates the biological activity of vi ... | 2015 | 26102216 |
| toward the identification of two glycoproteins involved in the stomatal deregulation of downy mildew-infected grapevine leaves. | stomata remain abnormally opened and unresponsive to abscisic acid in grapevine leaves infected by downy mildew. this deregulation occurs from 3 days postinoculation and increases concomitantly with leaf colonization by the pathogen. using epidermal peels, we demonstrated that the active compound involved in this deregulation is located in the apoplast. biochemical assays showed that the active compound present in the apoplastic fluids isolated from plasmopara viticola-infected grapevine leaves ... | 2015 | 26106900 |
| hepatorenal protective effect of antistax(®) against chemically-induced toxicity. | antioxidant natural products and chemoprevention are considered nowadays as an effective approach against health various disorders and diseases induced by oxidative stress or free radicals. | 2015 | 26109764 |
| rapidly differentiating grape seeds from different sources based on characteristic fingerprints using direct analysis in real time coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics. | the seeds of grapevine (vitis vinifera) are a byproduct of wine production. to examine the potential value of grape seeds, grape seeds from seven sources were subjected to fingerprinting using direct analysis in real time coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics. firstly, we listed all reported components (56 components) from grape seeds and calculated the precise m/z values of the deprotonated ions [m-h](-) . secondly, the experimental conditions were systematica ... | 2015 | 26110396 |
| carbocations and the complex flavor and bouquet of wine: mechanistic aspects of terpene biosynthesis in wine grapes. | computational chemistry approaches for studying the formation of terpenes/terpenoids in wines are presented, using five particular terpenes/terpenoids (1,8-cineole, α-ylangene, botrydial, rotundone, and the wine lactone), volatile compounds (or their precursors) found in wine and/or wine grapes, as representative examples. through these examples, we show how modern computational quantum chemistry can be employed as an effective tool for assessing the validity of proposed mechanisms for terpene/t ... | 2015 | 26111168 |
| upregulation of death receptor 5 and production of reactive oxygen species mediate sensitization of pc-3 prostate cancer cells to trail induced apoptosis by vitisin a. | although vitisin a, derived from wine grapes, is known to have cytotoxic, anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, the underlying antitumor mechanism has not been investigated in prostate cancer cells to date. in the present study, the apoptotic mechanism of vitisin a plus tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) in prostate cancer cells was elucidated. | 2015 | 26111475 |
| brassinosteroids are involved in controlling sugar unloading in vitis vinifera 'cabernet sauvignon' berries during véraison. | sugar unloading in grape berries is a crucial step in the long-distance transport of carbohydrates from grapevine leaves to berries. brassinosteroids (brs) mediate many physiological processes in plants including carbohydrate metabolism. here, 'cabernet sauvignon' (vitis vinifera l.) grape berries cultivated in clay loam fields were treated with an exogenous br (24-epibrassinolide; ebr), a br synthesis inhibitor (brassinazole; brz), brz + ebr (sprayed with ebr 24 h after a brz treatment), and de ... | 2015 | 26113159 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel pathogenesis-related protein gene (gmprp) with induced expression in soybean (glycine max) during infection with phytophthora sojae. | pathogenesis-related proteins (pr proteins) play crucial roles in the plant defense system. a novel prp gene was isolated from highly resistant soybean infected with phytophthora sojae (p. sojae) and was named gmprp (genbank accession number: km506762). the amino acid sequences of gmprp showed identities of 74%, 73%, 72% and 69% with prp proteins from vitis vinifera, populus trichocarpa, citrus sinensis and theobroma cacao, respectively. quantitative real-time reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) ... | 2015 | 26114301 |
| phytoseiidae in european grape (vitis vinifera l.): bio-ecological aspects and keys to species (acari: mesostigmata). | the family phytoseiidae includes many species of predators involved in the control of mite pests of crops all over the world. in european vineyards, these natural enemies play a key role in plant protection as their presence usually makes the use of acaricides unnecessary. each species has its specific biological features. it is thus of great interest to identify the species reported on grape, vitis vinifera. the present paper, based on a world database of the family phytoseiidae and on an analy ... | 2013 | 26120664 |
| genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the cdpk gene family in grape, vitis spp. | calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) play vital roles in plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses, and hormone signaling. little is known about the cdpk gene family in grapevine. | 2015 | 26122404 |
| a comprehensive survey of the grapevine vq gene family and its transcriptional correlation with wrky proteins. | wrky proteins are a class of transcription factors (tfs) involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, including the plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. recent studies in arabidopsis have revealed that some wrky tfs interact with a class of proteins designed as vq proteins because of their typical conserved motif (fxxxvqxltg). so far, no information is available about the genomic organization and the function of vq motif-containing protein in grapevine (vitis vinifera ... | 2015 | 26124765 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis reveals defense-related genes and pathways against downy mildew in vitis amurensis grapevine. | downy mildew (dm), caused by oomycete plasmopara viticola (pv), can lead to severe damage to vitis vinifera grapevines. vitis amurensis has generally been regarded as a dm resistant species. however, when v. amurensis 'shuanghong' were inoculated with pv strains 'zj-1-1' and 'jl-7-2', the former led to obvious dm symptoms (compatible), while the latter did not develop any dm symptoms but exhibited necrosis (incompatible). in order to underlie molecular mechanism in dm resistance, mrna-seq based ... | 2015 | 26151858 |
| flower abscission in vitis vinifera l. triggered by gibberellic acid and shade discloses differences in the underlying metabolic pathways. | understanding abscission is both a biological and an agronomic challenge. flower abscission induced independently by shade and gibberellic acid (gac) sprays was monitored in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) growing under a soilless greenhouse system during two seasonal growing conditions, in an early and late production cycle. physiological and metabolic changes triggered by each of the two distinct stimuli were determined. environmental conditions exerted a significant effect on fruit set as showe ... | 2015 | 26157448 |
| comparing wild american grapes with vitis vinifera: a metabolomics study of grape composition. | we analyzed via untargeted uhplc-esi-q-tof-ms the metabolome of the berry tissues (skin, pulp, seeds) of some american vitis species (vitis cinerea, vitis californica, vitis arizonica), together with four interspecific hybrids, and seven vitis vinifera cultivars, aiming to find differences in the metabolomes of the american vitis sp. versus vitis vinifera. apart from the known differences, that is, more complex content of anthocyanins and stilbenoids in the american grapes, we observed higher pr ... | 2015 | 26158394 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of the udp-glucose: anthocyanin 5-o-glucosyltransferase from vitis amurensis. | generally, red vitis vinifera grapes only contain monoglucosidic anthocyanins, whereas most non-vinifera red grapes of the vitis genus have both monoglucosidic and bis-glucosidic anthocyanins, the latter of which are believed to be more hydrophilic and more stable. although previous studies have established the biosynthetic mechanism for formation of monoglucosidic anthocyanins, less attention has been paid to that of bis-glucosidic anthocyanins. in the present research, the full-length cdna of ... | 2015 | 26159788 |
| impact of grapevine (vitis vinifera) varieties on reproduction of the northern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne hapla). | one of the most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern washington vitis vinifera vineyards is meloidogyne hapla; however, limited research exists on the impact of this nematode on v. vinifera. the objectives of this research were to determine the impact of m. hapla on chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon vine establishment and to determine the host status of v. vinifera varieties/clones predominantly grown in washington to m. hapla. in a microplot experiment, chardonnay and caber ... | 2015 | 26170476 |
| phenolic compounds and bioactivity of healthy and infected grapevine leaf extracts from red varieties merlot and vranac (vitis vinifera l.). | we investigated the phenolic composition, radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity of grapevine leaf extracts from two red grape varieties, vranac and merlot (vitis vinifera l.). the extracts were prepared from healthy grapevine leaves and those infected by plasmopara viticola (downy mildew). the phenolic composition of the grapevine leaf extracts was determined using spectrophotometric assays and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). the radical scavengi ... | 2015 | 26174183 |
| environmental factors and seasonality affect the concentration of rotundone in vitis vinifera l. cv. shiraz wine. | rotundone is a sesquiterpene that gives grapes and wine a desirable 'peppery' aroma. previous research has reported that growing grapevines in a cool climate is an important factor that drives rotundone accumulation in grape berries and wine. this study used historical data sets to investigate which weather parameters are mostly influencing rotundone concentration in grape berries and wine. for this purpose, wines produced from 15 vintages from the same shiraz vineyard (the old block, mount lang ... | 2015 | 26176692 |
| quantification of aspergillus carbonarius in grapes using a real time pcr assay. | a study on the representation of aspergillus carbonarius in the vineyards of the mesogeia geographical region of attica, greece, was conducted. one hundred and twenty five samples of the indigenous drought and disease resistant savatiano wine grape variety, the most widely planted in greece, were collected. the sample's total dna extracts were initially tested for fungal dna presence by targeting the internal transcribed spacer (its) region in end-point polymerase chain reactions. samples which ... | 2015 | 26187838 |
| profiling of primary metabolites and flavonols in leaves of two table grape varieties collected from semiarid and temperate regions. | cultivation of grapes in west bank - palestine is very old and a large number of grape varieties exist as a result of continuous domestication over thousands of years. this rich biodiversity has highly influenced the consumer behavior of local people, who consume both grape berries and leaves. however, studies that address the contents of health-promoting metabolites in leaves are scarce. accordingly the aim of this study is to assess metabolite levels in leaves of two grape varieties that were ... | 2015 | 26196939 |
| activity of vitis vinifera tendrils extract against phytopathogenic fungi. | the in vitro antifungal activity was determined of an ethanolic extract of vitis vinifera l. tendrils (tvv) against ten plant pathogenic fungi, using the agar dilution method; activity was shown against all tested fungi. fusarium species were the most sensitive with mic values ranging from 250 to 300 ppm, while the basidiomycete fungus rhizoctonia solani was the most resistant, with a mic value of 500 ppm. electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (esi-ms(n)) was used to obtain qualitativ ... | 2015 | 26197546 |
| the grapevine vvpmei1 gene encodes a novel functional pectin methylesterase inhibitor associated to grape berry development. | pectin is secreted in a highly methylesterified form and partially de-methylesterified in the cell wall by pectin methylesterases (pmes). pme activity is expressed during plant growth, development and stress responses. pme activity is controlled at the post-transcriptional level by proteins named pme inhibitors (pmeis). we have identified, expressed and characterized vvpmei1, a functional pme inhibitor of vitis vinifera. vvpmei1 typically affects the activity of plant pmes and is inactive agains ... | 2015 | 26204516 |
| ethnomedicinal uses of edible wild fruits (ewfs) in swat valley, northern pakistan. | this study documents the ethno-pharmacological importance of edible wild fruits (ewfs) resource in the wild floral emporium of swat, khyber pakhtunkhwa northern pakistan. this is imitated in the great diversity of plants used for medicinal purposes as well as in their wide range of therapeutic applications. | 2015 | 26209297 |
| a rapid qualitative and quantitative evaluation of grape berries at various stages of development using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. | fourier transform (ft) near-infrared (nir) and attenuated total reflection (atr) ft mid-infrared (mir) spectroscopy were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyse vitis vinifera l. cv sauvignon blanc grape berries. ft-nir and atr ft-mir spectroscopy, coupled with spectral preprocessing and multivariate data analysis (mvda), provided reliable methods to qualitatively assess berry samples at five distinct developmental stages: green, pre-véraison, véraison, post-véraison and ripe (harvest), ... | 2016 | 26212968 |
| microencapsulation and storage stability of polyphenols from vitis vinifera grape wastes. | wine production wastes are an interesting source of natural polyphenols. in this work, wine wastes extracts were encapsulated through vibration nozzle microencapsulation using sodium alginate as polymer and calcium chloride as hardening reagent. an experimental design approach was used to obtain calcium-alginate microbeads with high polyphenol content and good morphological features. in this way, the effect of pressure, frequency, voltage and the distance to the gelling bath were optimized for t ... | 2016 | 26213018 |
| new grape stems-based liqueur: physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation. | a number of traditional liqueurs are obtained by maceration of red fruits in aqueous ethanol liquor, namely sloe berries or sour cherry. on the other hand, the exploration of residual plant material derived from the winery industry (grape (vitis vinifera l.) stems), which has been regarded as an interesting source of colored and uncolored (poly)phenols, could lead to an industrial alternative to the traditional distilled spirits produced, with valuable physicochemical and phytochemical propertie ... | 2016 | 26213054 |
| accumulation of flavanols and expression of leucoanthocyanidin reductase induced by postharvest uv-c irradiation in grape berry. | to examine the effect of postharvest ultraviolet c (uv-c) irradiation on flavanol polyphenol accumulation in the grape berry, we investigated total flavanol polyphenol content, the enzyme activity of leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar), and transcription of vv lar1 and vv lar2 using spectrophotometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis in 5-year-old vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon plants. our results indicated that the accumulation of flavanol polyphenol reach ... | 2015 | 26214449 |
| odintifier--a computational method for identifying insertions of organellar origin from modern and ancient high-throughput sequencing data based on haplotype phasing. | cellular organelles with genomes of their own (e.g. plastids and mitochondria) can pass genetic sequences to other organellar genomes within the cell in many species across the eukaryote phylogeny. the extent of the occurrence of these organellar-derived inserted sequences (odins) is still unknown, but if not accounted for in genomic and phylogenetic studies, they can be a source of error. however, if correctly identified, these inserted sequences can be used for evolutionary and comparative gen ... | 2015 | 26216337 |
| environmental conditions affect botrytis cinerea infection of mature grape berries more than the strain or transposon genotype. | effects of environment, botrytis cinerea strain, and their interaction on the infection of mature grape berries were investigated. the combined effect of temperature (t) of 15, 20, 25, and 30°c and relative humidity (rh) of 65, 80, 90, and 100% was studied by inoculating berries with mycelium plugs. regardless of the t, no disease occurred at 65% rh, and both disease incidence and severity increased with increasing rh. the combined effect of t (5 to 30°c) and wetness duration (wd) of 3, 6, 12, 2 ... | 2015 | 26218433 |
| sequence diversity and differential expression of major phenylpropanoid-flavonoid biosynthetic genes among three mango varieties. | mango fruits contain a broad spectrum of phenolic compounds which impart potential health benefits; their biosynthesis is catalysed by enzymes in the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid (pf) pathway. the aim of this study was to reveal the variability in genes involved in the pf pathway in three different mango varieties mangifera indica l., a member of the family anacardiaceae: kensington pride (kp), irwin (iw) and nam doc mai (ndm) and to determine associations with gene expression and mango flavonoid p ... | 2015 | 26220670 |
| analyzing the expression profile of areb/abf and dreb/cbf genes under drought and salinity stresses in grape (vitis vinifera l.). | expression patterns of four candidate areb/abf genes and four dreb/cbf genes were evaluated in leaf and root tissues of five grape varieties ('qalati', 'kaj angoor', 'sabz angoor', 'siahe zarghan', 'bidane safid') with differential response to drought stress. among the areb/abf genes, areb1 and abf2 showed up-regulation in response to drought stress in leaf and root tissues of all varieties while areb2 and abf1 showed down-regulation in both leaf and root tissues of the sensitive variety 'bidane ... | 2015 | 26230273 |
| phenylalanine and tyrosine levels are rate-limiting factors in production of health promoting metabolites in vitis vinifera cv. gamay red cell suspension. | environmental stresses such as high light intensity and temperature cause induction of the shikimate pathway, aromatic amino acids (aaa) pathways, and of pathways downstream from aaas. the induction leads to production of specialized metabolites that protect the cells from oxidative damage. the regulation of the diverse aaa derived pathways is still not well understood. to gain insight on that regulation, we increased aaa production in red grape vitis vinifera cv. gamay red cell suspension, with ... | 2015 | 26236327 |
| diversity of diaporthe species associated with wood cankers of fruit and nut crops in northern california. | diaporthe ampelina, causal agent of phomopsis cane and leaf spot of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is isolated frequently from grapevine wood cankers, causing phomopsis dieback. the latter disease is associated with four other diaporthe species, three of which also are reported from hosts other than grape. to better understand the role of this diaporthe community in phomopsis dieback of grapevine and the potential for infection routes among alternate hosts, 76 diaporthe isolates were recovered fr ... | 2015 | 26240309 |
| fungal planet description sheets: 320-370. | novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from malaysia: castanediella eucalypti from eucalyptus pellita, codinaea acacia from acacia mangium, emarcea eucalyptigena from eucalyptus brassiana, myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from eucalyptus pellita, pilidiella eucalyptigena from eucalyptus brassiana and strelitziana malaysiana from acacia mangium. furthermore, stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from sansevieria ehrenbergii (tanzania), phacidium grevilleae fro ... | 2015 | 26240451 |
| grapevine leafroll disease and associated viruses: a unique pathosystem. | grapevine leafroll is the most complex and intriguing viral disease of grapevine (vitis spp.). several monopartite closteroviruses (family closteroviridae) from grapevines have been molecularly characterized, yet their role in disease etiology is not completely resolved. hence, these viruses are currently designated under the umbrella term of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (glravs). this review examines our current understanding of the genetically divergent glravs and highlights the emerg ... | 2015 | 26243729 |
| functional conservation analysis and expression modes of grape anthocyanin synthesis genes responsive to low temperature stress. | in grape cultivation, low temperature generally increases the expression of genes involved in synthesis of anthocyanin. in this study, multi-type structural analysis of the proteins encoded by five anthocyanin biosynthesis genes vvf3h, vvpal, vvchs3, vvchs2 and vvldox, in addition to nine of their homologous genes revealed that proteins in grapevine shared a high similarity with that in kiwi, red orange and some other species in which the biosynthesis of anthocyanin significantly influenced by l ... | 2015 | 26253159 |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in vitis vinifera. | protein phosphorylation is one of the most important mechanisms to control cellular functions in response to external and endogenous signals. mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) are universal signaling molecules in eukaryotes that mediate the intracellular transmission of extracellular signals resulting in the induction of appropriate cellular responses. mapk cascades are composed of four protein kinase modules: mapkkk kinases (mapkkkks), mapkk kinases (mapkkks), mapk kinases (mapkks), and ... | 2015 | 26257761 |
| the effects of unripe grape extract on systemic blood pressure and serum levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in rat. | the new lifestyle increases the incidence of hypertension. in iranian folk medicine, it is believed that verjuice obtained by unripe grape (vitis vinifera) could control blood pressure. we tested the effects of unripe grape extract (uge) in blood pressure alteration, serum antioxidant level and aorta endothelial permeability in rats. | 2015 | 26261811 |
| analysis of the molecular dialogue between gray mold (botrytis cinerea) and grapevine (vitis vinifera) reveals a clear shift in defense mechanisms during berry ripening. | mature grapevine berries at the harvesting stage (mb) are very susceptible to the gray mold fungus botrytis cinerea, while veraison berries (vb) are not. we conducted simultaneous microscopic and transcriptomic analyses of the pathogen and the host to investigate the infection process developed by b. cinerea on mb versus vb, and the plant defense mechanisms deployed to stop the fungus spreading. on the pathogen side, our genome-wide transcriptomic data revealed that b. cinerea genes upregulated ... | 2015 | 26267356 |
| functional leaf traits and diurnal dynamics of photosynthetic parameters predict the behavior of grapevine varieties towards ozone. | a comparative study on functional leaf treats and the diurnal dynamics of photosynthetic processes was conducted on 2-year-old potted plants of two grape (vitis vinifera l.) varieties (aleatico, ale, and trebbiano giallo, tre), exposed under controlled conditions to realistic concentrations of the pollutant gas ozone (80 ppb for 5 h day(-1), 8:00-13:00 h, + 40 ppb for 5 h day(-1), 13:00-18:00 h). at constitutive levels, the morphological functional traits of tre improved leaf resistance to gas e ... | 2015 | 26270333 |
| identification of the female-produced sex pheromone of the leafminer holocacista capensis infesting grapevine in south africa. | we report the first identification of a sex pheromone in a heliozelid moth, holocacista capensis van nieukerken & geertsema. this leafminer recently infested grapevine in south africa. compared to solvent extraction of pheromone glands, solid phase microextraction (spme) proved to be highly effective for collection of the pheromone from calling females. the volatiles collected by spme were analyzed by gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (gc/ead). three compounds eliciting ele ... | 2015 | 26271672 |
| identification of stable qtls for vegetative and reproductive traits in the microvine (vitis vinifera l.) using the 18 k infinium chip. | the increasing temperature associated with climate change impacts grapevine phenology and development with critical effects on grape yield and composition. plant breeding has the potential to deliver new cultivars with stable yield and quality under warmer climate conditions, but this requires the identification of stable genetic determinants. this study tested the potentialities of the microvine to boost genetics in grapevine. a mapping population of 129 microvines derived from picovine x ugni ... | 2015 | 26283631 |
| yeast diversity on grapes in two german wine growing regions. | the yeast diversity on wine grapes in germany, one of the most northern wine growing regions of the world, was investigated by means of a culture dependent approach. all yeast isolates were identified by sequence analysis of the d1/d2 domain of the 26s rdna and the its region. besides hanseniaspora uvarum and metschnikowia pulcherrima, which are well known to be abundant on grapes, metschnikowia viticola, rhodosporidium babjevae, and curvibasidium pallidicorallinum, as well as two potentially ne ... | 2015 | 26292165 |
| first detection of the presence of naturally occurring grapevine downy mildew in the field by a fluorescence-based method. | early detection of fungal pathogen presence in the field would help to better time or avoid some of the fungicide treatments used to prevent crop production losses. we recently introduced a new phytoalexin-based method for a non-invasive detection of crop diseases using their fluorescence. the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, plasmopara viticola, induces the synthesis of stilbenoid phytoalexins by the host, vitis vinifera, early upon infection. these stilbenoids emit violet-blue fluoresce ... | 2015 | 26293623 |
| identification of cold-inducible micrornas in grapevine. | low temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that limits the geographical distribution and productivity of grapevine. however, the molecular mechanisms on how grapevine responds to cold stress remains to be elucidated. micrornas (mirnas) are a class of endogenous small non-coding rnas that play an essential role during plant development and stress responses. although mirnas and their targets have been identified in several vitis species, their participation during cold accu ... | 2015 | 26300896 |
| proteomic and metabolic traits of grape exocarp to explain different anthocyanin concentrations of the cultivars. | the role of grape berry skin as a protective barrier against damage by physical injuries and pathogen attacks requires a metabolism able to sustain biosynthetic activities such as those relating to secondary compounds (i.e., flavonoids). in order to draw the attention on these biochemical processes, a proteomic and metabolomic comparative analysis was performed among riesling italico, pinot gris, pinot noir, and croatina cultivars, which are known to accumulate anthocyanins to a different extent ... | 2015 | 26300900 |
| development of c13-norisoprenoids, carotenoids and other volatile compounds in vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir grapes. | developmental changes in the carotenoids and volatile compounds of pinot noir grape berries were investigated in this study from pea size to harvest during 2012. hplc analysis showed continued decrease of lutein, β-carotene, neochrome a and neoxanthin continued to decrease during berry development, with rapid decrease of lutein and (9'z)-neoxanthin occurred two weeks before véraison. neochrome b and violaxanthin accumulated at early development and started to decrease two weeks before véraison. ... | 2016 | 26304393 |
| physiological parameters and protective energy dissipation mechanisms expressed in the leaves of two vitis vinifera l. genotypes under multiple summer stresses. | photosynthetic performances and energy dissipation mechanisms were evaluated on the anisohydric cv. sangiovese and on the isohydric cv. montepulciano (vitis vinifera l.) under conditions of multiple summer stresses. potted vines of both cultivars were maintained at 90% and 40% of maximum water availability from fruit-set to veraison. one week before veraison, at predawn and midday, main gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content, xanthophyll pool and cycle and cata ... | 2015 | 26310367 |
| an improved embryo-rescue protocol for hybrid progeny from seedless vitis vinifera grapes × wild chinese vitis species. | a highly efficient technique of embryo rescue is critical when using stenospermocarpic vitis vinifera cultivars (female parents) to breed novel, disease-resistant, seedless grape cultivars by hybridizing with wild chinese vitis species (male parents) having many disease-resistance alleles. the effects of various factors on the improvement of embryo formation, germination, and plantlet development for seven hybrid combinations were studied. the results indicated that beichun and shuangyou were th ... | 2017 | 26316680 |
| profiling monoterpenol glycoconjugation in vitis vinifera l. cv. muscat of alexandria using a novel putative compound database approach, high resolution mass spectrometry and collision induced dissociation fragmentation analysis. | in this work we present a novel approach for the identification of plant metabolites using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to accurate mass time-of-flight mass spectrometry. the workflow involves developing an in-house compound database consisting of exact masses of previously identified as well as putative compounds. the database is used to screen accurate mass spectrometry (ms) data to identify possible compound matches. subsequent tandem ms data is acquired for possible ma ... | 2015 | 26320795 |
| the effect of vitis vinifera l. juice on serum levels of inhibin b, sperm count in adult male rats. | vitis vinifera is a species of vitis that is native to the mediterranean region, central europe, and southwestern asia, and has been used as a drug in traditional medicine. traditional medicinal plants have been used for medical purposes with increasing effectiveness. it is important to identify drugs that inhibit spermatogenesis. therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of grape juice (gj) on serum levels of inhibin b and sperm count in normal male rats. | 2015 | 26331128 |
| wine grape pomace flour improves blood pressure, fasting glucose and protein damage in humans: a randomized controlled trial. | the mediterranean diet is a healthy diet with positive scientific evidence of preventing chronic diseases. bioactive components support the healthy properties of the mediterranean diet. antioxidants and fiber, two components of the mediterranean diet, are key functional nutrients for healthy eating and nutrition. wine grape pomace is a rich source of these dietary constituents and may be beneficial for human health. our hypothesis was that the intake of red wine grape pomace flour (wgpf) prepare ... | 2015 | 26337448 |
| spatio-temporal relief from hypoxia and production of reactive oxygen species during bud burst in grapevine (vitis vinifera). | plants regulate cellular oxygen partial pressures (po2), together with reduction/oxidation (redox) state in order to manage rapid developmental transitions such as bud burst after a period of quiescence. however, our understanding of po2 regulation in complex meristematic organs such as buds is incomplete and, in particular, lacks spatial resolution. | 2015 | 26337519 |
| vitisflower®: development and testing of a novel android-smartphone application for assessing the number of grapevine flowers per inflorescence using artificial vision techniques. | grapevine flowering and fruit set greatly determine crop yield. this paper presents a new smartphone application for automatically counting, non-invasively and directly in the vineyard, the flower number in grapevine inflorescence photos by implementing artificial vision techniques. the application, called vitisflower(®), firstly guides the user to appropriately take an inflorescence photo using the smartphone's camera. then, by means of image analysis, the flowers in the image are detected and ... | 2015 | 26343664 |
| de novo production of resveratrol from glucose or ethanol by engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae. | resveratrol is a natural antioxidant compound, used as food supplement and cosmetic ingredient. microbial production of resveratrol has until now been achieved by supplementation of expensive substrates, p-coumaric acid or aromatic amino acids. here we engineered the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce resveratrol directly from glucose or ethanol via tyrosine intermediate. first we introduced the biosynthetic pathway, consisting of tyrosine ammonia-lyase from herpetosiphon aurantiacus, 4-c ... | 2015 | 26344106 |
| insights into the bacterial community and its temporal succession during the fermentation of wine grapes. | grapes harbor complex microbial communities. it is well known that yeasts, typically saccharomyces cerevisiae, and bacteria, commonly the lactic acid fermenting oenococcus oeni, work sequentially during primary and secondary wine fermentation. in addition to these main players, several microbes, often with undesirable effects on wine quality, have been found in grapes and during wine fermentation. however, still little is known about the dynamics of the microbial community during the fermentatio ... | 2015 | 26347718 |
| comparative genomic analysis of the wrky iii gene family in populus, grape, arabidopsis and rice. | wrky iii genes have significant functions in regulating plant development and resistance. in plant, wrky gene family has been studied in many species, however, there still lack a comprehensive analysis of wrky iii genes in the woody plant species poplar, three representative lineages of flowering plant species are incorporated in most analyses: arabidopsis (a model plant for annual herbaceous dicots), grape (one model plant for perennial dicots) and oryza sativa (a model plant for monocots). | 2015 | 26350041 |
| changes in transcription of cytokinin metabolism and signalling genes in grape (vitis vinifera l.) berries are associated with the ripening-related increase in isopentenyladenine. | cytokinins are known to play an important role in fruit set and early fruit growth, but their involvement in later stages of fruit development is less well understood. recent reports of greatly increased cytokinin concentrations in the flesh of ripening kiwifruit (actinidia deliciosa (a. chev.) c.f. liang & a.r. ferguson) and grapes (vitis vinifera l.) have suggested that these hormones are implicated in the control of ripening-related processes. | 2015 | 26377914 |
| grapevine and arabidopsis cation-chloride cotransporters localize to the golgi and trans-golgi network and indirectly influence long-distance ion transport and plant salt tolerance. | plant cation-chloride cotransporters (cccs) have been implicated in conferring salt tolerance. they are predicted to improve shoot salt exclusion by directly catalyzing the retrieval of sodium (na(+)) and chloride (cl(-)) ions from the root xylem. we investigated whether grapevine (vitis vinifera [vvi]) ccc has a role in salt tolerance by cloning and functionally characterizing the gene from the cultivar cabernet sauvignon. amino acid sequence analysis revealed that vviccc shares a high degree o ... | 2015 | 26378102 |
| synteny analysis in rosids with a walnut physical map reveals slow genome evolution in long-lived woody perennials. | mutations often accompany dna replication. since there may be fewer cell cycles per year in the germlines of long-lived than short-lived angiosperms, the genomes of long-lived angiosperms may be diverging more slowly than those of short-lived angiosperms. here we test this hypothesis. | 2015 | 26383694 |
| residue evaluation of imidacloprid, spirotetramat, and spirotetramat-enol in/on grapes (vitis vinifera l.) and soil. | a combination of imidacloprid and spirotetramat effectively controls sucking pests on grapevines. residues of these insecticides on grapes were evaluated after treatment with spirotetramat 12% + imidacloprid 12% (240 sc) three times at 90 and 180 g a.i. ha(-1). the samples were extracted and purified by quechers method and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (imidacloprid) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (spirotetramat and its metabolite s ... | 2015 | 26383737 |
| attenuated uv radiation alters volatile profile in cabernet sauvignon grapes under field conditions. | this study aimed to explore the effect of attenuated uv radiation around grape clusters on the volatile profile of cabernet sauvignon grapes (vitis vinifera l. cv.) under field conditions. grape bunches were wrapped with two types of polyester films that cut off 89% (film a) and 99% (film b) invisible sunlight of less than 380 nm wavelength, respectively. solar uv radiation reaching the grape berry surface was largely attenuated, and an increase in the concentrations of amino acid-derived benzen ... | 2015 | 26393544 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of the european grapevine moth (egvm) lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | the lobesia botrana larvae feed on grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), thereby reducing crop yield and increasing crop susceptibility to fungal and bacterial attacks. we determined the circular mitochondrial genome of l. botrana as 15 229 bp (genbank kp677508) and contained 13 protein coding genes (pcg's), 22 transfer rnas (trna), and two ribosomal rnas. all trnas have the "clover-shaped" 2-d structures, while the trna-ile which has the tψc-stem but lacked the tψc-loop. knowledge of l. botrana mitoch ... | 2016 | 26394129 |
| a grapevine anthocyanin acyltransferase, transcriptionally regulated by vvmyba, can produce most acylated anthocyanins present in grape skins. | anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds responsible for red/purple colors in the leaves, fruit, and flowers of many plant species. they are produced through a multistep pathway that is controlled by myb transcription factors. vvmyba1 and vvmyba2 activate anthocyanin biosynthesis in grapevine (vitis vinifera) and are nonfunctional in white grapevine cultivars. in this study, transgenic grapevines with altered vvmyba gene expression were developed, and transcript analysis was carried out on berries u ... | 2015 | 26395841 |
| systematic analysis of o-methyltransferase gene family and identification of potential members involved in the formation of o-methylated flavonoids in citrus. | the o-methylation of various secondary metabolites is mainly catalyzed by s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam)-dependent o-methyltransferase (omt) proteins that are encoded by the o-methyltransferase gene family. citrus fruits are a rich source of o-methylated flavonoids that have a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiatherogenic properties. however, little is known about this gene family and its members that are involved in the o-methylation ... | 2016 | 26407870 |
| aba and ga3 increase carbon allocation in different organs of grapevine plants by inducing accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves, enhancement of phloem area and expression of sugar transporters. | grape quality for winemaking depends on sugar accumulation and metabolism in berries. abscisic acid (aba) and gibberellins (gas) have been reported to control sugar allocation in economically important crops, although the mechanisms involved are still unknown. the present study tested if aba and gibberellin a3 (ga3) enhance carbon allocation in fruits of grapevines by modifying phloem loading, phloem area and expression of sugar transporters in leaves and berries. pot-grown vitis vinifera cv. ma ... | 2016 | 26411544 |
| antioxidant and anti hyperglycemic role of wine grape powder in rats fed with a high fructose diet. | metabolic syndrome is a growing worldwide health problem. we evaluated the effects of wine grape powder (wgp), rich in antioxidants and fiber, in a rat model of metabolic syndrome induced by a high fructose diet. we tested whether wgp supplementation may prevent glucose intolerance and decrease oxidative stress in rats fed with a high fructose diet. | 2015 | 26420015 |
| vitis vinifera l. single-nucleotide polymorphism detection with high-resolution melting analysis based on the udp-glucose:flavonoid 3-o-glucosyltransferase gene. | vitis vinifera l. is a species with a large number of varieties, which differ in terms of anthocyanin content. the genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway have a direct effect in the anthocyanin profile of each variety, being potentially interesting for varietal identification. the current study aimed at the design of an assay suitable for the discrimination of the largest number of grapevine varieties. two genes of the anthocyanin pathway, chalcone isomerase (chi) and udp-glucose ... | 2015 | 26422991 |
| phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and gluconeogenesis in grape pericarp. | glycolysis from sugars is necessary at all stages of development of grape pericarp, and this raises the question as to why gluconeogenesis from malate occurs. phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) is required for gluconeogenesis in grape pericarp. in this study we determined the abundance of pepck protein and activity in different parts of grape pericarp during its development. both pepck protein and activity were present throughout development, however, in both the skin and the flesh their ... | 2015 | 26432988 |
| comparison of nano and conventional liquid chromatographic methods for the separation of (+)-catechin-ethyl-malvidin-3-glucoside diastereoisomers. | nano-liquid chromatography and conventional hplc were used for the separation of diastereomers of (+)-catechin-ethyl-malvidin-3-glucoside. those bridged anthocyanin dyes were obtained by reaction of (+)-catechin with malvidin-3-glucoside in the presence of acetaldehyde. both diastereomers were isolated with semipreparative chromatography and their structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. in-laboratory prepared capillary columns packed with fully porous parti ... | 2016 | 26433264 |
| light response and potential interacting proteins of a grape flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene promoter. | flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (f3'h), a member of cytochrome p450 protein family, introduces b-ring hydroxyl group in the 3' position of the flavonoid. in this study, the cdna sequence of a f3'h gene (vvif3'h), which contains an open reading frame of 1530 bp encoding a polypeptide of 509 amino acids, was cloned and characterized from vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon. vvif3'h showed high homology to known f3'h genes, especially f3'hs from the v. vinifera reference genome (pinot noir) and lotus ... | 2015 | 26433636 |
| aroma potential of brancellao grapes from different cluster positions. | in this study the presence of aroma compounds in grapes of brancellao (vitis vinifera l.) was investigated in order to obtain its aroma potential fingerprint. it is well known that differences exist in aromatic compounds amongst grapevine varieties at ripening stages. within the framework of an increasingly competitive market, the chance of obtaining different wines from vines of the same variety grown at the same vineyard is becoming of increasing importance. this can be done through the managi ... | 2012 | 26434270 |
| implementation of response surface methodology to assess the antiradical behaviour in mixtures of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol with grape (vitis vinifera) stem extracts. | the efficiency of grape stem extracts to express antiradical activity was assessed using two different approaches and dpph as the radical probe. in addition, the mixture effects when the extracts were combined with ascorbic acid (aa) and α-tocopherol (α-tcp) were also evaluated. the approaches included a simple linear regression analysis between the response (antiradical activity) and concentration, but also a response surface methodology, which permitted the monitoring of the response upon simu ... | 2012 | 26434301 |
| temperature and water loss affect adh activity and gene expression in grape berry during postharvest dehydration. | clusters of aleatico wine grape were picked at 18°brix and placed at 10, 20, or 30°c, 45% relative humidity (rh) and 1.5m/s of air flow to dehydrate the berries up to 40% of loss of initial fresh weight. sampling was done at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% weight loss (wl). adh (alcohol dehydrogenase) gene expression, enzyme activity, and related metabolites were analysed. at 10°c, acetaldehyde increased rapidly and then declined, while ethanol continued to rise. at 20°c, acetaldehyde and ethanol inc ... | 2012 | 26434314 |
| relationship between endodormancy, flowering locus t and cell cycle genes in vitis vinifera. | in grapevines, the increased expression of vvft , genes involved in the photoperiodic control of seasonal growth ( vvap1, vvail2 ) and cell cycle genes ( vvcdka, vvcdkb2, vvcyca1, vvcycb, vvcycd3.2 ) in the shoot apex relative to the latent bud, suggests a high mitotic activity of the apex which could prevent them to enter into endodormancy. additionally, the up-regulation of these genes by the dormancy-breaking compound hydrogen cyanamide (h 2 cn 2 ) strongly suggests that vvft plays a key role ... | 2016 | 26438218 |
| a complex protein derivative acts as biogenic elicitor of grapevine resistance against powdery mildew under field conditions. | powdery mildew caused by erysiphe necator is one of the most important grapevine diseases in several viticulture areas, and high fungicide input is required to control it. however, numerous synthetic chemical pesticides are under scrutiny due to concerns about their impact on human health and the environment. biopesticides, such as biogenic elicitors, are a promising alternative to chemical fungicides. although several studies have reported on effective elicitors against grapevine diseases, thei ... | 2015 | 26442029 |
| growth, yield and fruit quality of grapevines under organic and biodynamic management. | the main objective of this study was to determine growth, yield and fruit quality of grapevines under organic and biodynamic management in relation to integrated viticultural practices. furthermore, the mechanisms for the observed changes in growth, yield and fruit quality were investigated by determining nutrient status, physiological performance of the plants and disease incidence on bunches in three consecutive growing seasons. a field trial (vitis vinifera l. cv. riesling) was set up at hoch ... | 2015 | 26447762 |
| anti-aging potential of phytoextract loaded-pharmaceutical creams for human skin cell longetivity. | the exposure to ultraviolet radiations (uvr) is the key source of skin sunburn; it may produce harmful entities, reactive oxygen species (ros), leading to aging. the skin can be treated and protected from the injurious effects of ros by using various pharmaceutical formulations, such as cream. cream can be loaded with antioxidants to quench ros leading to photo-protective effects. moreover, modern medicines depend on ethnobotanicals for protection or treatment of human diseases. this review arti ... | 2015 | 26448818 |
| developmental and metabolic plasticity of white-skinned grape berries in response to botrytis cinerea during noble rot. | noble rot results from exceptional infections of ripe grape (vitis vinifera) berries by botrytis cinerea. unlike bunch rot, noble rot promotes favorable changes in grape berries and the accumulation of secondary metabolites that enhance wine grape composition. noble rot-infected berries of cv sémillon, a white-skinned variety, were collected over 3 years from a commercial vineyard at the same time that fruit were harvested for botrytized wine production. using an integrated transcriptomics and m ... | 2015 | 26450706 |