Publications

(1)h nmr based metabolomics approach to study the toxic effects of herbicide butachlor on goldfish (carassius auratus).	butachlor, one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture, has been reported with high ecotoxicity to aquatic plants and animals. in this study, a (1)h nmr based metabolomics approach combined with histopathological examination and biochemical assays was applied to comprehensively investigate the toxic effects of butachlor on four important organs (gill, brain, liver and kidney) of goldfish (carassius auratus) for the first time. after 10 days' butachlor exposure at two dosages of 3.2 and ...	2015	25528421
reversible brain swelling in crucian carp (carassius carassius) and goldfish (carassius auratus) in response to high external ammonia and anoxia.	increased internal ammonia (hyperammonemia) and ischemic/anoxic insults are known to result in a cascade of deleterious events that can culminate in potentially fatal brain swelling in mammals. it is less clear, however, if the brains of fishes respond to ammonia in a similar manner. the present study demonstrated that the crucian carp (carassius carassius) was not only able to endure high environmental ammonia exposure (hea; 2 to 22 mmol l(-1)) but that they experienced 30% increases in brain w ...	2015	25582543
identification, tissue distribution and characterization of two heat shock factors (hsfs) in goldfish (carassius auratus).	heat shock proteins (hsps) are synthesized rapidly in response to a variety of physiological or environmental stressors, whereas the transcriptional activation of hsps is regulated by a family of heat shock factors (hsfs). in vertebrates, multiple hsfs (hsf1-4) have been reported to have different roles in response to a range of stresses. this paper reports the cdna cloning of two goldfish (carassius auratus) hsf gene families, hsf1 and three isoforms of hsf2. both hsf1 and hsf2s showed high hom ...	2015	25592877
hepatic oxidative stress and catalyst metals accumulation in goldfish exposed to carbon nanotubes under different ph levels.	experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of three different carbon nanotubes [single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts), hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (oh-mwcnts), and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cooh-mwcnts)] on antioxidant parameters and metals accumulation in the liver of carassius auratus. a semi-static test system was used to expose c. auratus to either a freshwater control, 0.1, or 0.5mg/l cnts at three ph levels (5.0, 7.25, and 9.0) for 3 and 12 days ...	2015	25625523
detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in peripheral blood cells of silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio (bloch), suggests its potential in viral diagnosis.	epidemics caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) in domestic cyprinid species have been reported in both european and asian countries. although the mechanisms remain unknown, acute cyhv-2 infections generally result in high mortality, and the surviving carps become chronic carriers displaying no external clinical signs. in this study, in situ hybridization analysis showed that cyhv-2 tended to infect peripheral blood cells during either acute or chronic infections in silver crucian carp, cara ...	2016	25630360
heavy metal bioaccumulation and health hazard assessment for three fish species from nansi lake, china.	metal accumulation in fish is a global public health concern, because the consumption of contaminated fish accounts for the primary exposure of humans to toxic metals. in this study, the concentrations of arsenic (as), cadmium (cd), lead (pb), and mercury (hg) in crucian carp (carassius auratus),yellow catfish (pelteobagrus fulvidraco), and bighead carp (hypophthalmichthys nobilis) from nansi lake of china were evaluated, and compared with the corresponding historical values in 2001 when the gov ...	2015	25636438
mitochondrial genetic variations of an introduced freshwater fish, goldfish carassius auratus at the frontier between europe and asia (western anatolia, turkey): proximity to europe rather than east asia?	carassius auratus is one of the most significant ornamental and food fishes of the world that is globally distributed and well known. although it is known to have existed at least for six decades and expanding its distribution range in turkish waters, there is a dearth of information on genetic structure and variations of goldfish in turkey. in this study, four mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase ii, 12s ribosomal rna, and 16s ribosomal rna) were used to infer the genetic varia ...	2016	25648924
myxobolus oralis sp. n. (myxosporea: bivalvulida) infecting the palate in the mouth of gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio (cypriniformes: cyprinidae).	during a survey on the myxosporean fauna of gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio (bloch) in china, a species of myxobolus bütschli, 1882 that did not conform to any known species was found. the species is characterised by the presence of round to ellipsoidal plasmodia of 2.6-4.0 mm in diameter in the palate of host. mature spores are obovate in frontal view and lemon-shaped in lateral view, with the following range, mean and standard deviation of dimensions: 10.8-12.8 μm (11.7 ± 0.4 μm) long, 8. ...	2014	25651691
molecular cloning and sequence analysis of selenoprotein w gene and its mrna expression patterns in response to metabolic status and cadmium exposure in goldfish, carassius auratus.	selenoprotein w (selw) is a low molecular weight and selenocysteine containing protein with redox activity involved in the antioxidant response. in the present study, the full-length cdna of goldfish (carassius auratus) selenoprotein w (gfselw) was successfully cloned from the liver tissue by rapid amplification of cdna ends technique. the obtained gfselw cdna was 730 bp long with a 79 bp 5'-untranslated region (utr), a 390 bp 3'-utr containing the consensus polyadenylation signal aataaa and a 2 ...	2015	25659929
induction of dna base damage and strand breaks in peripheral erythrocytes and the underlying mechanism in goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to monocrotophos.	using goldfish (carassius auratus) as the model animal, the present study revealed the types of the dna damage induced by monocrotophos, a highly toxic organophosphorus pesticide, and explored the mechanism underlying the dna-damaging effect of this pesticide. results of the alkaline comet assay showed that global dna damage (including single- and double-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites) in peripheral erythrocytes of goldfish, measured as olive tail moment, was significantly increased by ex ...	2015	25666866
rapid genomic dna changes in allotetraploid fish hybrids.	rapid genomic change has been demonstrated in several allopolyploid plant systems; however, few studies focused on animals. we addressed this issue using an allotetraploid lineage (4nat) of freshwater fish originally derived from the interspecific hybridization of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var., ♀, 2n=100) × common carp (cyprinus carpio l., ♂, 2n=100). we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library from allotetraploid hybrids in the 20th generation (f20) and sequenc ...	2015	25669608
[differences in the infestation rate of young cyprinid fishes (cypriniformes) by metacercaria of posthodiplostomum cuticola (digenea, diplostomatidae) in river and lake systems of the lake chany basin (western siberia)].	a total of 12 fish species were studied for the invasion of p. cuticola (nordmann, 1832) metacercariae in the chany lake estuaries, river and lake systems during different periods of water level. all infected individuals were represented by juveniles of the family cyprinidae, except for adults of the dace leuciscus leuciscus. (l.). under an average water level (2010) the highest rate of fish invasion was revealed in the estuary zone, where the prevalence of infection (pi) constituted 37.5%, 13.4 ...	2015	25693328
evaluation of single and joint toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and copper to carassius auratus using oxidative stress biomarkers.	perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and copper have been recently regarded as ubiquitous environmental contaminants in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. however, data on their possible combined toxic effects on aquatic organisms are still lacking. in this study, a systematic experimental approach was used to assess the impacts of these chemicals and their mixtures on hepatic antioxidant status of carassius auratus after 4 days. oxidative stress was apparently observed for joint exposu ...	2015	25697679
time-dependent bidirectional effects of chronic caffeine on functional recovery of the dorsal light reflex after hemilabyrinthectomy in the goldfish carassius auratus.	caffeine works through a variety of complex mechanisms to exert an often bidirectional set of functional and structural neurological changes in vertebrates. we investigated the effects of chronic caffeine exposure on functional recovery of the dorsal light reflex (dlr) in hemilabyrinthectomized common goldfish, carassius auratus. in this lesion model, the unilateral removal of the vestibular organs results in a temporary loss of gravitationally modulated postural control which is quantifiable vi ...	2015	25727640
spatial learning associated with stimulus response in goldfish carassius auratus: relationship to activation of creb signalling.	earlier, we reported spatial learning ability in goldfish (carassius auratus) by using spatial paradigm with food reward. therefore, we hypothesized that goldfish may use associated cue to integrate "where" and "what" for spatial memory. to test our hypothesis, we first trained goldfish to learn to cross the gate1, which is associated with spatial task. subsequently, they were trained to learn to enter the task chamber and to identify the food reward chamber associated with visual cue (red/green ...	2015	25739351
evaluation of the potential for trophic transfer of roxithromycin along an experimental food chain.	pharmaceuticals have been recognized as a new class of environmental pollutants in recent years. but data about their potential for transfer and biomagnification in aquatic food chains are still lacking. in this study, bioaccumulation of the macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (rox) was determined in an experimental aquatic food chain involving the green algae scenedesmus obliquus, the water flea daphnia magna and the crucian carp carassius auratus. after 48 h of exposure, s. obliquus accumulated ...	2015	25739841
distribution and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the food web of nansi lake, china.	the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were analyzed in water, sediment, and biota (aquatic plant, shrimp, and fish) of nansi lake by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the concentrations of total pahs were 27.54-55.04 ng l(-1) in water, 80.31-639.23 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) in sediments, 20.92-192.78 ng g(-1) dw in aquatic plants, and 67.3-533.9 ng g(-1) dw in fish and shrimp muscles. the ratios of phenanthrene to anthracene (ph/an), fluoranthene to pyrene (flu ...	2015	25762425
neurotoxic effect of triazophos on goldfish (carassius auratus) and tissue specific antioxidant responses.	due to the high chemical and photochemical stability, an organophosphorus pesticide triazophos might enter aquatic ecosystems and impose negative effect on aquatic organisms. in order to investigate short-term toxicity of triazophos on goldfish (carassius auratus), antioxidant response in brain, spleen, kidney and liver was tested in this study. as a confirmation, the impact of triazophos on acetyl cholinesterase (ache) activity was found a reduction in all studied tissues, especially in brain. ...	2015	25768424
variations in temperature acclimation effects on glycogen storage, hypoxia tolerance and swimming performance with seasonal acclimatization in juvenile chinese crucian carp.	the aim of this study was to test whether temperature acclimation (10 vs 20 °c) effects on tissue glycogen content, hypoxia tolerance, and swimming performance of chinese crucian carp (carassius auratus) varied with seasonal acclimatization (winter vs spring) and potential combined interactions. both the routine metabolic rate (mo(2rout)) and critical oxygen tension (p(crit)) of the mo(2rout) increased significantly with temperature, whereas the seasonal acclimatization showed no significant eff ...	2015	25776929
antagonistic joint toxicity assessment of two current-use phthalates with waterborne copper in liver of carassius auratus using biochemical biomarkers.	di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (dehp) are two kinds of widely-used phthalates, whereas cu (ii) is a common valence state of copper. they have been ubiquitously detected in the aquatic environment, but information on their joint toxicity on aquatic organisms is scarce. in this study, we evaluated the combined effects of copper and these two phthalates to the goldfish (carassius auratus) by detecting the antioxidant responses in liver after exposure for 7 and 21 days. the ...	2015	25791665
di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate disrupts pituitary and testicular hormonal functions to reduce sperm quality in mature goldfish.	di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) interferes with male reproductive endocrine system in mammals, however its effects on fish reproduction are largely unknown. we evaluated sperm quality and investigated reproductive endocrine system in mature goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to nominal 1, 10, and 100μg/l dehp. to examine dehp estrogenic activity, one group of goldfish was exposed to 17β-estradiol (5μg/l e2) for comparison. following 30d of exposure, sperm production was decreased and suppre ...	2015	25827748
development of a lipovitellin-based goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenin elisa for detection of environmental estrogens.	the susceptibility of vitellogenin (vtg) to degradation is a major problem affecting the robustness of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for goldfish (carassius auratus) vtg. in this study, a phospholipoglycoprotein with molecular mass of ∼420kda was purified from goldfish egg extracts and it produced a single band corresponding to ∼112kda in sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). additionally, the amino acid composition of the purified protein was comparable to that of lipov ...	2015	25855009
organization and variation analysis of 5s rdna in gynogenetic offspring of carassius auratus red var. (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (♂).	the offspring with 100 chromosomes (abbreviated as grcc) have been obtained in the first generation of carassius auratus red var. (abbreviated as rcc, 2n = 100) (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (abbreviated as bsb, 2n = 48) (♂), in which the females and unexpected males both are found. chromosomal and karyotypic analysis has been reported in grcc which gynogenesis origin has been suggested, but lack genetic evidence.	2015	25879826
isolation and characterization of flavobacterium columnare from freshwater ornamental goldfish carassius auratus.	filamentous bacteria overlaying ulcerated area on the body surface were observed in the wet-mout preparation from a moribund goldfish with saddle back appearance. the causative agent was identified as flavobacterium columnrae, on the basis of biochemical test, species-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing of 16s rdna gene with the universal bacterial primers. furthermore, the strain (ing-1) attributed to genomovar ii in 16s rdna pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr ...	2015	25895267
the first report of dactylogyrus formosus kulwiec, 1927 (monogenea: dactylogyridae) from goldfish (carassius auratus) in central china.	dactylogyrus formosus kulwiec, 1927 (monogenea: dactylogyridae), widely distributed across eurasia, is considered as one of the most frequently encountered ectoparasites of goldfish (carassius auratus). in the present study, d. formosus on gills of cultured goldfish was reported in central china for the first time, using the methods of morphological characters and molecular markers. it was characterized by "anchoratoid-wegeneri" type anchor with elongate inner and unobvious outer root. the morph ...	2015	25899326
molecular characterisation and prevalence of a new genotype of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in mainland china.	cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2, species cyprinid herpesvirus 2) has been confirmed as a causative agent of the acute haematopoietic necrosis disease outbreak in farmed goldfish (carassius auratus l.) and gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch). in this study, we present the genomic characteristics of a variant cyhv-2 strain (sy-c1) isolated from farmed gibel carp in mainland china and its comparative genomics analysis with the cyhv-2 reference strain st-j1. overall, the full-length genome o ...	2015	25900131
establishment of a novel and highly permissive cell line for the efficient replication of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2).	haematopoietic necrosis of gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) and has caused huge economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. currently the isolation and propagation of cyhv-2 in vitro is very difficult due to the lack of permissive cell lines. studies on the pathogenesis of cyhv-2 have been hampered because the virus has not been extensively characterized. in this study, a novel cell line from the brain of gibel carp, denoted gicb, has been establi ...	2015	25912023
fish lice (argulus japonicus) in goldfish (carassius auratus).	fish lice (argulus spp; family argulidae) are branchiuran crustaceans that parasitize both marine and freshwater fishes. argulus spp can be a major threat to fish health, because heavy infestations can cause significant morbidity and mortality. in addition, fish lice are known to be the vehicle for other fish diseases. during rounds at our facility, argulus japonicus was collected from the caudal and anal fins of 3 goldfish (carassius auratus). these goldfish were asymptomatic, and no additional ...	2015	25926394
behavioral and biochemical responses in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to sertraline.	sertraline is one of the most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and is frequently detected in the aquatic environment. however, knowledge regarding relationships among molecular or biochemical endpoints involved in modes of action (moas) of sertraline and ecologically important behavioral responses of fish is insufficient. the present study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration and possible adverse outcomes pathways (aops) in crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed ...	2015	25950408
comparative analysis of adaptive immune response after vaccine trials using live attenuated and formalin-killed cells of edwardsiella tarda in ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii).	edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. although vaccine trials with formalin-killed cells (fkc) have been reported, the vaccinations failed in protect against e. tarda infection. on the other hand, a live attenuated vaccine strategy is effective against edwardsiellosis; however, the mechanism underlying its effectiveness in fish is unclear. in the present study, we compared the adaptive immune responses in fish vaccinated with fkcs and live attenuate ...	2015	25959574
body color development and genetic analysis of hybrid transparent crucian carp (carassius auratus).	the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic mechanism of the transparent trait in transparent crucian carp. we observed body color development in transparent crucian carp larvae and analyzed heredity of color in hybrids produced with red crucian carp, ornamental carp, and red purse carp. the results showed that the body color of the newly hatched larvae matured into the adult pattern at approximately 54 days post-hatching. two inter-species reciprocal crosses between transparent crucian ...	2015	25966213
increase in telencephalic dopamine and cerebellar norepinephrine contents by hydrostatic pressure in goldfish: the possible involvement in hydrostatic pressure-related locomotion.	fish are faced with a wide range of hydrostatic pressure (hp) in their natural habitats. additionally, freshwater fish are occasionally exposed to rapid changes in hp due to heavy rainfall, flood and/or dam release. accordingly, variations in hp are one of the most important environmental cues for fish. however, little information is available on how hp information is perceived and transmitted in the central nervous system of fish. the present study examined the effect of hp (water depth of 1.3 ...	2015	25975379
acute and chronic toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol a to three aquatic species under different ph conditions.	tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) is a well-known brominated flame retardant. it has been detected in the environment and shows high acute toxicity to different organisms at high concentrations. in this work, the effects of ph and dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) on the acute toxicity of tbbpa to daphnia magna and limnodrilus hoffmeisteri were tested, and the oxidative stress induced by tbbpa in livers of carassius auratus was assessed using four biomarkers. the integrated biomarker response (ibr) was appl ...	2015	25980965
expression characterization, genomic structure and function analysis of fish ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (usp18) genes.	in mammals, usp18 (ubiquitin-specific protease 18) is an interferon (ifn) inducible protein and plays a role in regulation of ifn response upon viral infection. in this study, we first cloned a usp18 homologous gene from virally-infected crucian carp (carassius auratus) blastula embryonic (cab) cells, and later found in other fish species including zebrafish. all fish usp18 genes have 10 exons and 9 introns comparable to 11 exons and 10 introns in non-fish vertebrates. expression analysis reveal ...	2015	25981749
physiological and molecular responses of the goldfish (carassius auratus) kidney to metabolic acidosis, and potential mechanisms of renal ammonia transport.	relative to the gills, the mechanisms by which the kidney contributes to ammonia and acid-base homeostasis in fish are poorly understood. goldfish were exposed to a low ph environment (ph 4.0, 48 h), which induced a characteristic metabolic acidosis and an increase in total plasma [ammonia] but reduced plasma ammonia partial pressure (pnh3). in the kidney tissue, total ammonia, lactate and intracellular ph remained unchanged. the urinary excretion rate of net base under control conditions change ...	2015	25987732
survey of parasitic fauna of different ornamental freshwater fish species in iran.	parasitic diseases are harmful and limiting factors in breeding and rearing ornamental fish industry. in this study, 400 apparently healthy ornamental fishes from five species (each species 80 specimens) including: goldfish (carassius auratus), guppy (poecilia reticulate), angelfish (pterophyllum scalare), discus (symphsodon discus) and sailfin mollies (poecilia latipinna) was obtained from a local ornamental fish farm in the north of iran during 2011 to 2012. the primary purpose of this study w ...	2015	25992255
hepatic oxidative stress biomarker responses in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to four benzophenone uv filters.	benzophenone (bp) type uv filters are widely used in many personal care products to protect human from uv irradiation. despite the estrogenic potencies to fish and the environmental occurrences of bp derivatives in aquatic systems, little information is available regarding their effects on the antioxidant defense system in fish. in this work, the oxidative stress induced in livers of carassius auratus was assessed using four biomarkers. the integrated biomarker response (ibr) was applied to asse ...	2015	25996523
development of a lipovitellin-based sandwich elisa for quantification of vitellogenin in surface mucus and plasma of goldfish (carassius auratus).	goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenin (vtg) is an efficient biomarker for estrogen contamination in aquatic environments. in this study, vtg and lipovitellin (lv) were purified from the plasma of 17β-estradiol (e2)-induced male goldfish and unfertilized eggs of females, and were used to generate polyclonal antibodies against vtg (anti-vtg) and lv (anti-lv), respectively. sds-page and western blot were performed to confirm the specificity of the two antibodies and the immunological similarity ...	2015	26036419
morphological and molecular characterization of actinosporeans infecting oligochaete branchiura sowerbyi from chinese carp ponds.	we surveyed the actinosporean stages of fish myxosporeans at fish farms in jiangsu province, china, from 2011 to 2014. during the surveys, we identified 7 actinosporean types from 4 collective groups: echinactinomyxon (1 type), triactinomyxon (1 type), aurantiactinomyxon (1 type), and neoactinomyxum (4 types), released by the oligochaete branchiura sowerbyi. the morphological characteristics and dna sequences of these types are described here. based on 18s rdna sequence analysis, the actinospore ...	2015	26036829
two cholecystokinin receptor subtypes are identified in goldfish, being the cckar involved in the regulation of intestinal motility.	cholecystokinin (cck) plays a key role in the digestive physiology of vertebrates. however, very little is known about the role of cck on intestinal functions in fish. the present study identifies two cck receptor subtypes in a stomachless teleost, the goldfish (carassius auratus), and investigates by using an in vitro system their involvement mediating the effects of the sulfated octapeptide of cck (cck-8s) on the motility of isolated proximal intestine. partial-length mrnas encoding two cck re ...	2015	26051613
ionoregulatory aspects of the osmorespiratory compromise during acute environmental hypoxia in 12 tropical and temperate teleosts.	in the traditional osmorespiratory compromise, as seen in the hypoxia-intolerant freshwater rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), the branchial modifications that occur to improve o2 uptake during hypoxia result in unfavorable increases in the fluxes of ions and water. however, at least one hypoxia-tolerant freshwater species, the amazonian oscar (astronotus ocellatus), shows exactly the opposite: decreased branchial flux rates of ions, water, and nitrogenous wastes during acute hypoxia. in order ...	2015	26052633
biological fate and effects of propranolol in an experimental aquatic food chain.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the trophic transfer of the β-blocker propranolol (prp) in an experimental aquatic food chain involving the green algae scenedesmus obliquus, the water flea daphnia magna and the crucian carp carassius auratus, as well as the metabolism and effects of prp in the liver of crucian carp. after a 48 h prp aqueous exposure for algae, with a subsequent 48 h dietary exposure for daphnia and an 8d dietary exposure for crucian carp, prp was observed in each trophic l ...	2015	26057722
hepatotoxicity of herbicide sencor in goldfish may result from induction of mild oxidative stress.	the effects of 96 h exposure to 7.14, 35.7, or 71.4 mg l(-1) of sencor were studied on liver and plasma parameters in goldfish, carassius auratus l. goldfish exposure to 71.4 mg l(-1) of sencor for 96 h resulted in a decrease in glucose concentrations in plasma and liver by 55%, but did not affect liver glycogen levels. an increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase (by 24-27%, 32-72%, and 87-102%, respectively) occurred in plasma of ...	2015	26071809
cyhv-2 orf104 activates the p38 mapk pathway.	cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) is the pathogen responsible for herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis disease, which causes huge losses on aquaculture. so far the studies of cyhv-2 mainly focus on the identification and detection of this virus, but little is known about the role of specific cyhv-2 genes in the infection process. based on the genomic information, cyhv-2 orf104 encodes a kinase-like protein, which is highly conserved among the three cyhvs. our study was initiated to investigate the r ...	2015	26072141
the analysis of the acute phase response during the course of trypanosoma carassii infection in the goldfish (carassius auratus l.).	the expression of genes encoding the acute phase proteins (app) during the course of trypanasoma carassii infection in the goldfish was determined using quantitative pcr. significant changes in the mrna levels of ceruloplasmin (cp), c-reactive protein (crp), transferrin (tf), hemopexin (hx) and serum amyloid a (saa) were observed in the kidney, liver and spleen at various days post infection (dpi). of the five acute phase protein genes examined, crp and saa exhibited the highest expression in th ...	2015	26116443
goldfish carassius auratus susceptibility to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ivb depends on exposure route.	we assessed the susceptibility of goldfish carassius auratus to infection by genotype ivb of the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. goldfish were infected by intraperitoneal injections of 106 plaque-forming units (pfu) fish-1, single bath exposure of 105 pfu ml-1 for 24 h, or consumption of 0.4 g of commercial fish feed soaked in 107 pfu per 8 fish. the mortality rate of intraperitoneal-infected goldfish was 10 to 32%, although the virus was detected by quantitative rt-pcr in 77% (65/84) of the ...	2015	26119297
morphological and molecular characterization of thelohanellus hoffmanni sp. nov. (myxozoa) infecting goldfish carassius auratus auratus.	a new species of the genus thelohanellus kudo, 1933 (myxosporea, bivalvulida) was isolated from the fins of goldfish carassius auratus auratus (linnaeus 1758). the fish had been imported from china by an austrian retailer. nodules from the margins of the fins contained pyriform myxospores with a singular polar capsule. in valvular view, the spores measured 12.2 µm in length and 6.4 µm in width. in sutural view, the thickness was 2.9 µm. the polar capsule measured 4.2 × 3.1 µm and contained a pol ...	2015	26119298
toxicity of environmental gesagard to goldfish may be connected with induction of low intensity oxidative stress in concentration- and tissue-related manners.	prometryn is a selective herbicide commonly used in agriculture as the commercial preparation, gesagard. goldfish (carassius auratus) exposure for 96h to 0.2, 1, or 5mgl(-1) gesagard 500fw (corresponding to 0.1, 0.5, and 2.5mgl(-1) of prometryn) on indices of oxidative stress (lipid peroxides, protein carbonyls, and thiol content) and activities of antioxidant and related enzymes in gills, liver, and kidney was studied. gills appeared to be the most resistant to gesagard treatment, reacting to o ...	2015	26133465
effects of dietary supplementation with astaxanthin and β-carotene on the semen quality of goldfish (carassius auratus).	this study was conducted to investigate the effects of two carotenoids (astaxanthin and β-carotene) on the sperm quality of goldfish carassius auratus (linnaeus, 1758). for this purpose, six diets containing concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of synthetic astaxanthin and β-carotene were added to a basic carp diet. one group of fish was also fed with a control diet (no added carotenoids). osmolality, spermatocrit value, and sperm concentration significantly increased in the treatment supple ...	2015	26166170
anatomical distribution and daily profile of gper1b gene expression in brain and peripheral structures of goldfish (carassius auratus).	the functional organization of the circadian system and the location of the main circadian oscillators vary through phylogeny. present study investigates by in situ hybridization the anatomical location of the clock gene gper1b in forebrain and midbrain, pituitary, and in two peripheral locations, the anterior intestine and liver, in a teleost fish, the goldfish (carassius auratus). moreover, the daily expression profiles of this gene were also studied by quantitative real time-pcr. goldfish wer ...	2015	26171989
first detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) in goldfish (carassius auratus) in france.	massive mortalities of carassius auratus (l.) occurred in a farm in france during summer 2014. fish presented anorexia, loss of scales and large amounts of mucus on the gills. necrosis of the distal tip of the filament and the lamellae, combined with fusion of the lamellae, was observed, as well as necrosis in the hematopoietic organs and in the digestive tract. the histological examination led to hypothesize the implication of a virus in the mortality. the presence of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cy ...	2016	26173014
art, fisheries and ethnobiology.	nature is perceived in a variety of forms, and the perception of nature can also be expressed in different ways. local art may represent the perception of nature by humans. it can embody perception, imagination and wisdom. local art, in particular, reflects how people interact with nature. for example, when studying the representation of fish by different cultures, it is possible to access information on the fish species found in the environment, on its relative importance, and on historical eve ...	2015	26187281
(1)h nmr based metabolomics approach to study the toxic effects of dichlorvos on goldfish (carassius auratus).	dichlorvos (ddvp), one of the most widely used organophosphorus pesticides (ops), has caused serious pollution in environment. in this study, (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) based metabolomics approach combined with histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, and biochemical assays were used to investigate toxicities of ddvp on goldfish (carassius auratus). after 10 days' exposure of ddvp at three dosages of 5.18, 2.59 and 1.73 mg/l, goldfish tissues (gill, brain, liver and kidn ...	2015	26210017
short-term exposure to l-type calcium channel blocker, verapamil, alters the expression pattern of calcium-binding proteins in the brain of goldfish, carassius auratus.	the influx of calcium ions (ca(2+)) is responsible for various physiological events including neurotransmitter release and synaptic modulation. the l-type voltage dependent calcium channels (l-type vdccs) transport ca(2+) across the membrane. calcium-binding proteins (cabps) bind free cytosolic ca(2+) and prevent excitotoxicity caused by sudden increase in cytoplasmic ca(2+). the present study was aimed to understand the regulation of expression of neuronal cabps, namely, calretinin (cr) and par ...	2015	26215640
induced all-female autotriploidy in the allotetraploids of carassius auratus red var. (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (♂).	following activation by uv-irradiated bsb sperm, the fertilized eggs of tetraploid hybrids (abbreviated as 4nf1) (4n = 148, aabb) of carassius auratus red var. (abbreviated as rcc) (2n = 100, aa) (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (abbreviated as bsb) (2n = 48, bb) (♂) developed into normal live gynogenetic offspring without chromosome doubling treatment. some of these were autotriploids with three sets of red crucian carp chromosomes (abbreviated as g1) (3n = 150, aaa). g1 were all-females, and can ...	2015	26242753
physiological and condition-related traits in the gynogenetic-sexual carassius auratus complex: different investments promoting the coexistence of two reproductive forms?	carassius auratus complex is an extraordinary species complex including the diploid and polyploid forms exhibiting asexual and sexual reproduction modes. the coexistence of both forms in the same habitats is currently reported. the stable coexistence of asexual and sexual forms assumes some disadvantages for asexuals that balance the costs of sex. in our study, we hypothesized and tested the differences in physiological (including heamatological and immunological), growth-related, condition-rela ...	2015	26245328
nesfatin-1 as a new positive inotrope in the goldfish (carassius auratus) heart.	the hypothalamic neuropeptide nesfatin-1 is present in both mammals and teleosts in which it elicits anorexigenic effects. in mammals, nesfatin-1 acts on the heart by inducing negative inotropism and lusitropism, and cardioprotection against ischemic damages. we evaluated whether in teleosts, nesfatin-1 also influences cardiac performance. in the goldfish (carassius auratus), mature, fully processed nesfatin-1 was detected in brain, gills, intestine and skeletal muscle, but not in the cardiac ve ...	2015	26248227
a nonclassical mhc class i u lineage locus in zebrafish with a null haplotypic variant.	three sequence lineages of mhc class i genes have been described in zebrafish (danio rerio): u, z, and l. the u lineage genes encoded on zebrafish chromosome 19 are predicted to provide the classical function of antigen presentation. this mhc class i locus displays significant haplotypic variation and is the only mhc class i locus in zebrafish that shares conserved synteny with the core mammalian mhc. here, we describe two mhc class i u lineage genes, mhc1ula and mhc1uma, that map to chromosome ...	2015	26254596
myxozoans and our dinner table: pathogenicity studies of myxobolus honghuensis (myxosporea: bivalvulida) using a suckling mice model.	myxobolus honghuensis parasitizes the pharynx of the allogynogenetic gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio (bloch), an economically important food fish with large consumption rates in china. the fact that it is hard to detect the cysts formed by m. honghuensis without euthanizing the fish and the spores can reach the consumers has prompted us to investigate the effect of m. honghuensis on conventional, immunocompetent balb/c suckling mice, in order to consider the possible pathological effects in ...	2015	26258259
multistress effects on goldfish (carassius auratus) behavior and metabolism.	crossed effects between climate change and chemical pollutions were identified on community structure and ecosystem functioning. temperature rising affects the toxic properties of pollutants and the sensitiveness of organisms to chemicals stress. inversely, chemical exposure may decrease the capacity of organisms to respond to environmental changes. the aim of our study was to assess the individual and crossed effects of temperature rising and pesticide contamination on fish. goldfish, carassius ...	2016	26272290
comparison of the toxicokinetics and bioaccumulation potential of mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls in goldfish (carassius auratus).	both mercury (hg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) demonstrate food web biomagnification in aquatic ecosystems, yet their toxicokinetics have not been simultaneously contrasted within a common fish species. this study quantifies uptake and elimination rates of hg and pcbs in goldfish. fish were exposed to contaminated food containing pcbs and hg to determine dietary chemical assimilation efficiencies (aes) and elimination coefficients (ktot). to test first-order kinetics, three exposure regi ...	2015	26287735
nanoparticles in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases: bioactivity of bruguiera cylindrica-synthesized nanoparticles against dengue virus den-2 (in vitro) and its mosquito vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).	mosquitoes are blood-feeding insects serving as the most important vectors for spreading human pathogens and parasites. dengue is a viral disease mainly vectored through the bite of aedes mosquitoes. its transmission has recently increased in urban and semi-urban areas of tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, becoming a major international public health concern. there is no specific treatment for dengue. its prevention and control solely depend on effective vector control measures. mangrov ...	2015	26290219
in vitro characteristics of cyprinid herpesvirus 2: effect of kidney extract supplementation on growth.	herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis caused by goldfish hematopoietic necrosis virus (now identified as cyprinid herpesvirus 2, cyhv-2) has contributed to economic losses in goldfish carassius auratus culture and is becoming a major obstacle in prussian carp c. gibelio aquaculture in china. several reports have described difficulties in culturing the virus, with the total loss of infectivity within several passages in cell culture. we succeeded in propagating cyhv-2 with a high infectious titer in ...	2015	26290507
neutrophil contributions to the induction and regulation of the acute inflammatory response in teleost fish.	neutrophils are essential to the acute inflammatory response, where they serve as the first line of defense against infiltrating pathogens. we report that, on receiving the necessary signals, teleost (carassius auratus) neutrophils leave the hematopoietic kidney, enter into the circulation, and dominate the initial influx of cells into a site of inflammation. unlike mammals, teleost neutrophils represent <5% of circulating leukocytes during periods of homeostasis. however, this increases to near ...	2016	26292979
postembryonic staging of wild-type goldfish, with brief reference to skeletal systems.	artificial selection of postembryonic features is known to have established morphological variation in goldfish (carassius auratus). although previous studies have suggested that goldfish and zebrafish are almost directly comparable at the embryonic level, little is known at the postembryonic level.	2015	26316229
isolation, characterization, and tissue-specific expression of gaba a receptor α1 subunit gene of carassius auratus gibelio after avermectin treatment.	carassius auratus gibelio has been widely cultivated in fish farms in china, with avermectin (avm) being used to prevent parasite infection. recently, avm was found to pass through the carassius auratus gibelio blood-brain barrier (bbb). although avm acts mainly through a gaba receptor and specifically the α1 subunit gene, the most common isoform of the gaba a receptor, which is widely expressed in brain neurons and has been studied in other fish, carassius auratus gibelio gaba a receptor α1 sub ...	2016	26318443
expression patterns of toll-like receptors in natural triploid carassius auratus after infection with aeromonas hydrophila.	toll-like receptors (tlrs) play the important roles in the innate immune system. in the present study, we have cloned fragments of 13 members of tlr family in natural triploid qihe crucian carp (c. auratus) and investigated the expression profiles of these tlrs in spleen and head kidney at different time points after a. hydrophila infection. the results showed that the expressions of certain tlrs including tlr4, tlr5, and tlr22 were significantly up-regulated after infection, and the expression ...	2015	26319889
response of vitamins a, e, hematological and serum biochemical markers in crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) exposed to environmental pb(2+) and cd(2+).	toxicity of pb(2+) and cd(2+) is a widespread issue in the world; however, few studies have been conducted to understand their effect at environmentally realistic concentration in a mixture. in the present study, crucian carp was exposed to pb(2+) (30 µg·l(-1)), cd(2+) (100 µg·l(-1)) and their mixture (30+100 µg·l(-1)) for 96 h and 21 d period to assess changes in the liver and muscle vitamin a and e content, and hematological and serum biochemical parameters. the results indicated significant d ...	2015	26336655
human chorionic gonadotropin promotes expression of protein absorption factors in the intestine of goldfish (carassius auratus).	protein use is crucial for the ovulation and spawning of fish. currently, limited information is available regarding the expression of protein absorption factors during the breeding seasons of teleosts and thus how various proteins involved in this process is not well-understood. the expression of cdx2, creb, gluatamate dehydrogenase, lat2, aminopeptidase n, pept1, and sp1 were significantly elevated from the non-breeding season to the breeding season in female goldfish, and all proteins except ...	2015	26345757
ultrasonographic and pathologic study of schwannoma in a goldfish (carassius auratus).	an adult goldfish (carassius auratus) developed an exophitic, multinodular, mass in the dorsal region involving the fin. the clinical and pathologic approach included ultrasonography, cytology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural evaluation. b-mode and color doppler ultrasonographic findings showed an oval, well-defined mass with slightly inhomogeneous parenchymatous echotexture associated with an intense intralesional vascularization. cytology and histology revealed neopla ...	2015	26356489
correlations of gut microbial community shift with hepatic damage and growth inhibition of carassius auratus induced by pentachlorophenol exposure.	goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to 0-100 μg/l pentachlorophenol (pcp) for 28 days to investigate the correlations of fish gut microbial community shift with the induced toxicological effects. pcp exposure caused accumulation of pcp in the fish intestinal tract in a time- and dose-dependent manner, while hepatic pcp reached the maximal level after a 21 day exposure. under the relatively higher pcp stress, the fish body weight and liver weight were reduced and hepatic cat and sod activit ...	2015	26378342
dactylogyrus intermedius parasitism enhances flavobacterium columnare invasion and alters immune-related gene expression in carassius auratus.	the monogenean dactylogyrus intermedius and the bacterium flavobacterium columnare are 2 common pathogens in aquaculture. the objective of the present study was to examine the effect of prior parasitism by d. intermedius on the susceptibility of goldfish to f. columnare and to explore the potential immune mechanisms related to the parasite infection. a f. columnare challenge trial was conducted between d. intermedius-parasitized and non-parasitized goldfish. the f. columnare load in gill, kidney ...	2015	26378404
effects of body chemical components on the allometric scaling of the resting metabolic rate in four species of cyprinids.	metabolic scaling is hypothesized to be affected by ontogenetic changes in the body chemical composition because several body components do not consume significant amounts of oxygen but contribute more to body mass (m) as a fish grows. we tested this hypothesis by assessing the mass scaling of the resting metabolic rate (rmr) and body compositions of lipid, protein, ash, and water in four species of cyprinids, hypophthalmichthys molitrix (m range 9.5-218.3 g), cyprinus carpio (m range 14.6-226.9 ...	2016	26407956
establishment from the snout and kidney of goldfish, carassius auratus, of two new cell lines and their susceptibility to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus.	goldfish carassius auratus are commonly used in scientific research and have a significant economic value in the pet trade. in this study, two cell lines were established from the snout and kidney tissue of goldfish, in order to create a biological monitoring tool for viral diseases. cell lines were optimally maintained at 25 °c in m199 medium supplemented with 15-20 % fetal bovine serum. chromosomal analysis indicated that both cell lines remained diploid, with a mean chromosomal count of 100. ...	2016	26419476
ectocommensal and ectoparasites in goldfish carassius auratus (linnaeus, 1758) in farmed in the state of são paulo.	concomitant infections by several parasitic genera are rare, very debilitating and often lethal to fish reared under commercial breeding conditions. were describe a multiple and concurrent parasite infestation in cultured goldfish carassius auratus with skin damage (nodules and/or ulceration). fish with skin lesions underwent necropsy, and the skin and gills were scraped and examined. histopathological examination with hematoxylin-eosin and giemsa stain, and an ultrastructure study using transmi ...	2015	26444060
effects of repeated handling and air exposure on the immune response and the disease resistance of gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) over winter.	high mortalities and suppressed immune functions of farmed fish over winter are the universal problems in aquaculture. it is necessary to improve the immune response and disease resistance in the overwintering fish. a recent study suggested that repeated handling increased innate immune mechanisms and disease resistance in senegalese sole. therefore, the present study evaluated the hypothesis that appropriate repeated handling could compromise the immune depression and increase the disease resis ...	2015	26481516
recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae serves as novel carrier for oral dna vaccines in carassius auratus.	oral delivery of dna vaccines represents a promising vaccinating method for fish. recombinant yeast has been proved to be a safe carrier for delivering antigen proteins and dnas to some species in vivo. however, whether recombinant yeast can be used to deliver functional dnas for vaccination to fish is still unknown. in this study, red crucian carp (carassius auratus) was orally administrated with recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring cmv-egfp expression cassette. on day 5 post the firs ...	2015	26481518
proteomic analysis of cytoskeleton proteins in fish.	in this chapter, we describe laboratory protocols for rearing fish and a simple and efficient method of extracting and identifying pathogen and host proteins that may be involved in entry and replication of commercially important fish viruses. we have used the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and goldfish (cyprinus auratus) as a model system for studies of proteins involved in viral entry and replication. the chapter describes detailed protocols for maintenance of carp, cell culture, antibody pu ...	2016	26498797
in situ localization and rhythmic expression of ghrelin and ghs-r1 ghrelin receptor in the brain and gastrointestinal tract of goldfish (carassius auratus).	ghrelin is a gut-brain peptide hormone, which binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (ghs-r) to regulate a wide variety of biological processes in fish. despite these prominent physiological roles, no studies have reported the anatomical distribution of preproghrelin transcripts using in situ hybridization in a non-mammalian vertebrate, and its mapping within the different encephalic areas remains unknown. similarly, no information is available on the possible 24-h variations in the e ...	2015	26506093
molecular and functional characterization of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) serum amyloid a.	quantitative expression analysis of goldfish saa revealed the highest mrna levels in the kidney, spleen and intestine with lower mrna levels in muscle and liver. goldfish saa was differentially expressed in goldfish immune cells with highest mrna levels observed in neutrophils. to functionally assess goldfish saa, recombinant protein (rgsaa) was generated by prokaryotic expression and functionally characterized. monocytes and macrophages treated with rgsaa exhibited differential gene expression ...	2015	26523984
goldfish (carassius auratus l.) as a model system to study the growth factors, receptors and transcription factors that govern myelopoiesis in fish.	the process of myeloid cell development (myelopoiesis) in fish has mainly been studied in three cyprinid species: zebrafish (danio rerio), ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) and goldfish (c. auratus, l.). our studies on goldfish myelopoiesis have utilized in vitro generated primary kidney macrophage (pkm) cultures and isolated primary kidney neutrophils (pkns) cultured overnight to study the process of macrophage (monopoiesis) and neutrophil (granulopoiesis) development and the key gro ...	2016	26546240
herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis in goldfish in switzerland: early lesions in clinically normal goldfish (carassius auratus).	cyprinid herpesvirus 2 is a pathogen of goldfish, inducing a disease referred to as herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis. the disease is described so far in japan, north america, taiwan, australia, the united kingdom, and recently also italy. here the authors describe histologic lesions in clinically affected fish in comparison with clinically normal but virus dna-positive goldfish in switzerland. while necrosis or enhanced single-cell necrosis in the hematopoietic tissue in the pronephros or meso ...	2016	26553521
pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin in allogynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio.	the pharmacokinetic properties of sarafloxacin were investigated after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administration of 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) in allogynogenetic silver crucian carp at 24-26 °c. the plasma concentrations of sarafloxacin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. after i.v. administration, the plasma concentration-time data were described by an open two-compartment model. the elimination half-life (t(1/2β)) was estimated to be 22.58 h. the volume o ...	2016	26563280
characterization and mosquitocidal potential of neem cake-synthesized silver nanoparticles: genotoxicity and impact on predation efficiency of mosquito natural enemies.	mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) serve as important vectors for a wide number of parasites and pathogens of huge medical and veterinary importance. aedes aegypti is a primary dengue vector in tropical and subtropical urban areas. there is an urgent need to develop eco-friendly mosquitocides. in this study, silver nanoparticles (agnp) were biosynthesized using neem cake, a by-product of the neem oil extraction from the seed kernels of azadirachta indica. agnp were characterized using a variety of ...	2016	26573518
effects of semen extender supplemented with l-methionine and packaging methods (straws and pellets) on post-thaw goldfish (carassius auratus) sperm quality and dna damage.	amino acids protect spermatozoa against cell damage during cryopreservation due to have antioxidant property and found in seminal plasma at high concentration.	2015	26574681
carbon and silver nanoparticles in the fight against the filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus: genotoxicity and impact on behavioral traits of non-target aquatic organisms.	mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. the culex genus, with special reference to culex quinquefasciatus, comprises the most common vectors of filariasis across urban and semi-urban areas of asia. in recent years, important efforts have been conducted to propose green-synthesized nanoparticles as a valuable alternative to synthetic insecticides. however, the mosquitocidal potential of carbon nanoparticles has been scarcely investigated. in this study, ...	2016	26614358
the chromosomal constitution of fish hybrid lineage revealed by 5s rdna fish.	the establishment of the bisexual fertile fish hybrid lineage including the allodiploid and allotetraploid hybrids, from interspecific hybridization of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var. 2n = 100, 2n = aa) (♀) × common carp (cyprinus carpio l. 2n = 100, 2n = bb) (♂), provided a good platform to investigate genetic relationship between the parents and their hybrid progenies.	2015	26635010
antioxidant defenses and histological changes in carassius auratus after combined exposure to zinc and three multi-walled carbon nanotubes.	with the increasing applications of carbon nanotubes (cnts) worldwide, considerable concerns have been raised regarding their inevitable releases into natural waters and ecotoxicity. it was supposed that cnts may interact with some existing pollutants like zinc in aquatic systems and exhibit different effects when compared with their single treatments. however, data on their possible combined toxicity on aquatic species are still lacking. moreover, the interactions of zn with different functiona ...	2016	26655435
bioconcentration, metabolism and effects of diphenhydramine on behavioral and biochemical markers in crucian carp (carassius auratus).	diphenhydramine (dph), an antihistamine used to alleviate human allergies, is widespread in aquatic environments. however, little is known about the biochemical and behavioral effects of dph on non-target aquatic animals. in the present study, the tissue distribution, bioconcentration, metabolism, biochemical and behavioral effects were investigated in crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed to various concentrations of dph (0.84, 4.23, 21.7 and 112 μg l(-1)) for 7d. dph can accumulate in cruci ...	2016	26657385
comparative proteomic, physiological, morphological, and biochemical analyses reveal the characteristics of the diploid spermatozoa of allotetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp (carassius auratus) and common carp (cyprinus carpio).	the generation of diploid spermatozoa is essential for the continuity of tetraploid lineages. the dna content of diploid spermatozoa from allotetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp and common carp was nearly twice as great as that of haploid spermatozoa from common carp, and the durations of rapid and slow progressive motility were longer. we performed comparative proteomic analyses to measure variations in protein composition between diploid and haploid spermatozoa. using two-dimensional electr ...	2016	26674567
mass spectrometry-assisted confirmation of the inability of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 to cleave goldfish peptide yy(1-36) and the lack of anorexigenic effects of peptide yy(3-36) in goldfish (carassius auratus).	dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (dpp4) is a serine protease of great interest because it has been shown to modulate the activity of several peptidergic factors including peptide yy (pyy) and glucagon-like peptide-1/2. while pyy(1-36) is orexigenic in mammals, pyy(3-36) recently garnered interest as a potent anorexigen. in silico phylogenetic analysis found that the dpp4 cleavage sites are absent in fish pyy sequences. however, no studies were conducted to show that indeed pyy(3-36) is not produced by dpp ...	2016	26676513
prevalence of argulus foliaceus in ornamental fishes [goldfish (carassius auratus) and koi (cyprinus carpio)] in kerman, southeast of iran.	the genus argulus (crustacea: branchiura), or fish louse, are common parasites of freshwater fish. this parasite have a direct life cycles and mature females leave the host and lay several hundred eggs on vegetation and various objects in the water. it caused pathological changes due to direct tissue damage and secondary infections. besides the damage and stress caused by argulus itself, one of the main worries for fish producers are the associated secondary infestations and infections that can ...	2015	26688652
the complete mitochondrial genome of carassius auratus var. high back crucian carp (cypriniformes: cyprinidae).	in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of carassius auratus var. high back crucian carp (c. auratus var.) was determined (genbank accession number is kt756205). the mitochondrial genome sequence of c. auratus var. was a circular molecule with 16 581 bp in length, and contained 37 typical animal mitochondrial genes, including 2 ribosomal rna genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna genes and a control region (d-loop). four nucleotide compositions and their relative propo ...	2017	26709972
genotoxicity of water contaminants from the basin of lake sevan, armenia evaluated by the comet assay in gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) and tradescantia bioassays.	combination of bioassays and chemical analysis was applied to determine the genotoxic/mutagenic contamination in four different sites of the basin of lake sevan in armenia. water genotoxicity was evaluated using the single cell gel electrophoresis technique (comet assay) in erythrocytes of gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio), tradescantia micronucleus (trad-mcn) and tradescantia stamen hair mutation (trad-shm) assays. significant inter-site differences in the levels of water genotoxicity acco ...	2016	26739952
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (igfbp-1) in goldfish, carassius auratus: molecular cloning, tissue expression, and mrna expression responses to periprandial changes and cadmium exposure.	in this study, the cdna encoding insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (igfbp-1) was cloned from the liver of goldfish (carassius auratus). the obtained goldfish igfbp-1 cdna sequence was 1037 bp in length and had an open reading frame of 789 bp encoding a predicted polypeptide of 262 amino acid residues. igfbp-1 transcript was detected in all tested central nervous and peripheral tissues. the relatively higher levels of igfbp-1 mrna were observed in the liver, gill, kidney, heart, spleen ...	2016	26753895
development of monoclonal antibodies against polar filaments and spore valves of myxobolus honghuensis (myxosporea: bivalvulida).	myxobolus honghuensis infects the pharynx of allogynogenetic gibel carp carassius auratus gibelio (bloch) and can cause high mortality. only morphology-based diagnostic methods are currently available for clinical samples, but these methods are laborious and have low efficiency of detection. to overcome this problem, we designed a more sensitive diagnostic method. two monoclonal antibodies (mabs 1c7 and 3b7) were prepared by immunizing mice with soluble protein from sonicated m. honghuensis spor ...	2016	26758653
responses of antioxidant defense system to polyfluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pfdds) exposure in liver of freshwater fish carassius auratus.	in this study, we evaluated the toxicity of ten polyfluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pfdds) congeners to freshwater fish carassius auratus, by determining the antioxidative responses and lipid peroxidation in the liver after the fish were injected with two different concentrations (10 and 100 µmol/kg) of individual pfdds for 3 and 14 days. the results showed that oxidative stress was obviously induced in some pfdds-treated groups, as implied by the significantly inhibited antioxidants levels (supe ...	2016	26761781
sialoglycoproteins prepared from the eggs of carassius auratus prevent bone loss by inhibiting the nf-κb pathway in ovariectomized rats.	in this study, we investigated the improvement of osteoporosis by sialoglycoproteins isolated from the eggs of carassius auratus (ca-sgp) in ovariectomized rats. ca-sgp was supplemented to ovariectomized sprague-dawley rats for 90 days. the results showed that ca-sgp treatment remarkably prevented the reduction of bone mass, improved cancellous bone structure and biochemical properties. ca-sgp also significantly decreased the serum contents of trap, cath-k, mmp-9, dpd, ctx-1, ca, and p. mechanis ...	2016	26765587
estradiol and testosterone modulate the tissue-specific expression of ghrelin, ghs-r, goat and nucb2 in goldfish.	ghrelin, and nesfatin-1 (encoded by nucleobindin2/nucb2) are two metabolic peptides with multiple biological effects in vertebrates. while sex steroids are known to regulate endogenous ghrelin and nucb2 in mammals, such actions by steroids in fish remain unknown. this study aimed to determine whether estradiol (e2) and testosterone (t) affects the expression of preproghrelin, ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor (ghs-r), ghrelin o-acyl transferase (goat) and nucb2 in goldfish (carassius ...	2016	26773340
morphometric and molecular characterization of dactylogyrus vastator and d. intermedius in goldfish (carassius auratus).	goldfish is known to be parasitized by at least seven species of dactylogyrus and considered as one of the most common hosts. dactylogyrus vastator and dactylogyrus intermedius are the dominant species living on the gills of goldfish. however, little information on morphometric characterization is available, which easily causes misidentification. the purpose of this study is to provide comprehensive morphometric and molecular characterization of d. vastator and d. intermedius collected form a fi ...	2016	26779922