Publications

pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and concentrations in body fluids and bronchoalveolar cells of foals.	to determine pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and concentrations in body fluids and bronchoalveolar (bal) cells of foals.	2006	17014316
mechanism of enhanced conversion of 1,2,3-trichloropropane by mutant haloalkane dehalogenase revealed by molecular modeling.	1,2,3-trichloropropane (tcp) is a highly toxic, recalcitrant byproduct of epichlorohydrin manufacture. haloalkane dehalogenase (dhaa) from rhodococcus sp. hydrolyses the carbon-halogen bond in various halogenated compounds including tcp, but with low efficiency (k (cat)/k (m )= 36 s(-1) m(-1)). a cys176tyr-dhaa mutant with a threefold higher catalytic efficiency for tcp dehalogenation has been previously obtained by error-prone pcr. we have used molecular simulations and quantum mechanical calcu ...	2006	17016745
eukaryotic lipid body proteins in oleogenous actinomycetes and their targeting to intracellular triacylglycerol inclusions: impact on models of lipid body biogenesis.	bacterial neutral lipid inclusions are structurally related to eukaryotic lipid bodies. these lipid inclusions are composed of a matrix of triacylglycerols (tags) or wax esters surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids. whereas the monolayers of lipid bodies from animal and plant cells harbor specific classes of proteins which are involved in the structure of the inclusions and lipid homoestasis, no such proteins are known to be associated with bacterial lipid inclusions. the present study was ...	2006	17021226
[catalysis of the biodegradation of unusable medicines by alkanotrophic rhodococci].	experiments on the biodegradation of unusable medicines containing a phenolic hydroxy group by actinobacteria of the genus rhodococcus were performed. six species and sixty-four strains were tested. it was found that rhodococci could degrade paracetamol, and some r. ruber strains showed high levels of its degradation. an efficient method for the identification and quantification of paracetamol and the products of its conversion (p-aminophenol, pyrocatechol, and hydroquinone) immediately in the c ...	2006	17022454
[improvement of the process of fluorene degradation by rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 172].	the ability of rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 172 to consume fluorene as the sole source of carbon and energy in a liquid medium was successfully increased by an addition of polycapramide fiber to the medium and preliminary adaptation of cells on fluorene agar. a combination of these approaches allowed complete degradation of fluorene without an accumulation of intermediates.	2006	17022455
alkane utilization by rhodococcus strain ntu-1 alone and in its natural association with bacillus fusiformis l-1 and ochrobactrum sp.	linear (n-hexadecane) and branched (pristane) alkanes were degraded by a mixed culture isolated from an oil-contaminated field. the degradation was accompanied by formation of biofloccules. the culture was composed of rhodococcus strain ntu-1, bacillus fusiformis l-1, and ochrobactrum sp. rhodococcus strain ntu-1 carried out the degradation of the alkane via a hydroxylase. bacillus fusiformis l-1 and ochrobactrum sp. did not degrade the alkanes but aided the flocculation by forming more rigid ba ...	2006	17022676
[cloning the amidase gene from rhodococcus rhodochrous m18 and its expression in escherichia coli].	the amidase gene from rhodococcus rhodochrous m18 was cloned by pcr amplification with primers developed by use of peptide amino acid sequences obtained after treating amidase with trypsin. nucleotide sequence analysis of this gene revealed high homology with aliphatic amidases from r. erythropolis r312 and pseudomonas aeruginosa. considering the substrate specificity and the results of dna analysis, amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 was assigned to the group of aliphatic amidases preferentially hy ...	2006	17025157
characterization of the mobilization determinants of pan12, a small replicon from rhodococcus erythropolis an12.	bacteria belonging to the gram-positive actinomycete species, rhodococcus erythropolis, are diverse not only in terms of metabolic potentials but the plasmids they encode. it was shown previously that the r. erythropolis an12 genome harbors a 6.3kb cryptic plasmid called pan12, which is a member of the pij101 family of plasmids. here we show that pan12 is conjugatively mobilizable into other rhodococcal strains. a series of plasmid deletion constructs were tested for loss of mobility to identify ...	2007	17030377
the complete genome of rhodococcus sp. rha1 provides insights into a catabolic powerhouse.	rhodococcus sp. rha1 (rha1) is a potent polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil actinomycete that catabolizes a wide range of compounds and represents a genus of considerable industrial interest. rha1 has one of the largest bacterial genomes sequenced to date, comprising 9,702,737 bp (67% g+c) arranged in a linear chromosome and three linear plasmids. a targeted insertion methodology was developed to determine the telomeric sequences. rha1's 9,145 predicted protein-encoding genes are exceptional ...	2006	17030794
a screening system for active and enantioselective amidase based on its acyl transfer activity.	a novel enantioselective amidase screening system was developed and proved to be efficient and accurate. this screening system employed acyl transfer activity of amidase in the presence of hydroxylamine, leading to the formation of hydroxamic acids, followed by spectrophotometric quantification of hydroxamic acid/iron(iii) complexes. the enantioselectivities of amidase were evaluated by employing (r, s)-2, 2-dimethyl cyclopropanecarboxamide (1), (s)-2, 2-dimethyl cyclopropanecarboxamide and thei ...	2007	17033773
seroepidemiological survey of rhodoccocus equi infection in asymptomatic horses from bursa, izmir and istanbul provinces, turkey.	in order to assess the rhodococcus equi infection in three provinces of turkey (bursa, izmir and istanbul), 696 sera from healthy foals and adult horses were tested by indirect elisa using a r. equi reference strain (atcc 6939) as antigen. 103 sera (14.80%) with titres >0.646 resulted positive. seroprevalence was significantly higher (p=0.0053) in male than in female horses of istanbul province, although higher antibody titres (mean value) were observed in the female group of bursa and izmir pro ...	2006	17034856
[identification of mycobacteria by sequencing of rpob gene and 16s rrna].	to classify a specific mycobacterium among various mycobacteria utilizing sequencing of rpob gene. to classify mycobacteria not identified by dna-dna hybridization (ddh) using sequencing of rpob and 16s rrna gene.	2006	17037387
analysis of the 7.6-kb cryptic plasmid pnc500 from rhodococcus rhodochrous b-276 and construction of rhodococcus-e. coli shuttle vector.	four circular cryptic plasmids were detected from propene-degrading rhodococcus rhodochrous (formerly nocardia corallina) b-276 and the smallest 7.6-kb plasmid, named pnc500 was used to construct rhodococcus-e. coli shuttle vector, pnc5403. sequence analysis of pnc500 revealed that the plasmid contains eight potential orfs, namely 1 through 8. the deduced amino acid sequences for orfs 3, 4, 6, and 7 show homology with those of rep a, rep b, dna methyl-transferase (m.xami), and restriction nuclea ...	2007	17043815
cloning, sequencing, and expression of a novel epoxide hydrolase gene from rhodococcus opacus in escherichia coli and characterization of enzyme.	an epoxide hydrolase gene of about 0.8 kb was cloned from rhodococcus opacus ml-0004, and the open reading frame (orf) sequence predicted a protein of 253 amino acids with a molecular mass of about 28 kda. an expression plasmid carrying the gene under the control of the tac promotor was introduced into escherichia coli, and the epoxide hydrolase gene was successfully expressed in the recombinant strains. some characteristics of purified recombinant epoxide hydrolase were also studied. epoxide hy ...	2007	17043819
chloroform degradation by butane-grown cells of rhodococcus aetherovorans bcp1.	the ability of a rhodococcus aetherovorans strain, bcp1, to grow on butane and to degrade chloroform in the 0-633 microm range (0-75.5 mg l(-1)) via aerobic cometabolism was investigated by means of resting-cell assays. bcp1 degraded chloroform with a complete mineralization of the organic cl. the resulting butane and chloroform maximum specific degradation rates were equal to 118 and 22 micromol mg(protein)(-1)day(-1), respectively. butane inhibition on chloroform degradation was satisfactorily ...	2006	17058077
in vitro activities of the lipopeptides palmitoyl (pal)-lys-lys-nh(2) and pal-lys-lys alone and in combination with antimicrobial agents against multiresistant gram-positive cocci.	the in vitro activities of the lipopeptides palmitoyl (pal)-lys-lys-nh(2) and pal-lys-lys against gram-positive cocci were investigated. enterococci and streptococci demonstrated higher susceptibilities than staphylococci and rhodococcus equi. a positive interaction was shown when the lipopeptides were combined with beta-lactams and vancomycin. these results suggest that lipopeptides are promising candidates for antimicrobial therapy for infections caused by gram-positive organisms.	2007	17060532
heterogeneous aerobic benzene-degrading communities in oxygen-depleted groundwaters.	a sandstone aquifer beneath a petrochemicals plant (siren site, uk) is heterogeneously contaminated with benzene and oxygen-depleted. despite low redox potentials in three of the most contaminated groundwaters (benzene concentrations from 17.8 to 294 mg l(-1)), we observed aerobic benzene degradation in microcosms, indicating the presence in situ of a latent community of obligate aerobic microorganisms or an active community of facultative aerobes responding rapidly to oxygen ingress. moreover, ...	2006	17064267
vaccine-associated systemic rhodococcus erythropolis infection in farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar.	in 7 instances between 2000 and 2003, clinical investigation of populations of fresh- and seawater-reared, vaccinated, atlantic salmon salmo salar suffering total losses of between 0.1 and 35 % revealed infection with a gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium. the isolations were geographically widespread, occurring in both norway and scotland. in all cases, a gram-positive bacterium, subsequently identified as rhodococcus erythropolis, was isolated in pure culture. infections, although systemic, wer ...	2006	17067069
the ralstonia eutropha h16 phasin phap1 is targeted to intracellular triacylglycerol inclusions in rhodococcus opacus pd630 and mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155, and provides an anchor to target other proteins.	in ralstonia eutropha, the h16 phasin phap1 represents the major phasin that binds to the surface of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) inclusions. in this study, c-terminal fusions of phap1 with enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) and with escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacz) were expressed separately in the triacylglycerol (tag)-accumulating actinomycetes rhodococcus opacus pd630 and mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155, employing the m. smegmatis acetamidase (ace) promoter of the escherichia- ...	2006	17074898
pulmonary disposition of tilmicosin in foals and in vitro activity against rhodococcus equi and other common equine bacterial pathogens.	the objectives of this study were to determine the serum and pulmonary disposition of tilmicosin in foals and to investigate the in vitro activity of the drug against rhodococcus equi and other common bacterial pathogens of horses. a single dose of a new fatty acid salt formulation of tilmicosin (10 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to seven healthy 5- to 8-week-old foals by the intramuscular route. concentrations of tilmicosin were measured in serum, lung tissue, pulmonary epithelial linin ...	2006	17083461
comparison of two selective media for the recovery, isolation, enumeration and differentiation of rhodococcus equi.	the use of selective media to facilitate the isolation of rhodococcus equi from environmental and clinical samples has aided studies of the ecology of r. equi and the epidemiology of disease caused by r. equi. here, we compared the efficacy of two selective media (nanat and modified caz-nb) for the recovery of six defined strains of r. equi and for the isolation and enumeration of both avirulent and virulent r. equi from 60 paired soil samples from horse farms using colony blotting and dna hybri ...	2007	17084043
expression of bovine lactoferrin c-lobe in rhodococcus erythropolis and its purification and characterization.	a rhodococcus erythropolis expression system for the bovine lactoferrin c-lobe was constructed. the dna fragments encoding the blf c-lobe were amplified and cloned into vector ptip lch1.2. r. erythropolis carrying the ptip-c-lobe was cultured at 30 degrees c with shaking, and expression of the rblf c-lobe was induced by adding 1 microg/ml (final concentration) thiostrepton. the rblf c-lobe was isolated in native and denatured (8 m urea) form by ni-nta affinity chromatography. to obtain a bioacti ...	2006	17090917
sulfur from benzothiophene and alkylbenzothiophenes supports growth of rhodococcus sp. strain jvh1.	rhodococcus sp. strain jvh1 was previously reported to use a number of compounds with aliphatic sulfide bridges as sulfur sources for growth. we have shown that although jvh1 does not use the three-ring thiophenic sulfur compound dibenzothiophene, this strain can use the two-ring compound benzothiophene as its sole sulfur source, resulting in growth of the culture and loss of benzothiophene. addition of inorganic sulfate to the medium reduced the conversion of benzothiophene, indicating that ben ...	2007	17091342
selectivity among organic sulfur compounds in one- and two-liquid-phase cultures of rhodococcus sp. strain jvh1.	the selectivity of rhodococcus sp. strain jvh1 among selected sulfidic and thiophenic compounds was investigated in both single-liquid-phase (aqueous) cultures and in two-liquid-phase cultures, where the sulfur compounds were dissolved in 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane as the immiscible organic carrier phase. in the single-liquid-phase cultures, rhodococcus sp. strain jvh1 showed a preference for benzyl sulfide over both 1,4-dithiane and benzothiophene. an increased lag was observed in the degr ...	2007	17091345
biodegradation kinetics of the nitramine explosive cl-20 in soil and microbial cultures.	the cyclic nitramine explosive cl-20 (c(6)h(6)n(12)o(12), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12 -hexaazaisowurtzitane) is a relatively new energetic compound which could be a persistent organic pollutant. to follow its biodegradation dynamics, cl-20 was added to soil alone or together with organic co-substrates and n-source and incubated under oxic and anoxic conditions. without co-substrates, the cl-20 degradation was detectable only under anoxic conditions. the highest degradation rate was fou ...	2007	17091356
extensive desulfurization of diesel by rhodococcus erythropolis.	the resting cells of a new isolate of rhodococcus erythropolis fsd-2 were used to desulfurize diesel fuels. about 97% of the total sulfur content in the hydrodesulfurized diesel was removed by the two consecutive biodesulfurization (bds) processes with the majority ( approximately 94%) being removed in the first treatment, resulting in diesel with a sulfur content of 5.7 microg ml(-1).	2007	17091384
effect of introduced phthalate-degrading bacteria on the diversity of indigenous bacterial communities during di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) degradation in a soil microcosm.	four previously isolated di-butyl-phthalate (dbp) degraders were tested for their abilities to degrade di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp). in aqueous medium supplemented with 100mg/l of dehp, both isolate g1 and rhodococcus rhodochrous g2 showed excellent degradative activity; in three days they were able to degrade more than 97% of the added dehp. rhodococcus rhodochrous g7 degraded 32.5% of the added dehp and corynebacterium nitrilophilus g11 showed the least amount of dehp degradation. the ad ...	2007	17092544
a multipurpose transposon-based vector system mediates protein expression in rhodococcus erythropolis.	in the current study we developed two transposon-based vectors; namely ptnr-ka and ptnr-ta and utilized them for expression of proteasome complex, derived from streptomyces coelicolor, in rhodococcus erythropolis. the two vectors can be transposed into rhodococcus cells by means of electroporation, either individually in two consecutive processes or in combinations by a single step. during transposition, each of the two vectors liberates its transposable-marker gene, which integrated in a single ...	2007	17098379
the latent promiscuity of newly identified microbial lactonases is linked to a recently diverged phosphotriesterase.	in essence, evolutionary processes occur gradually, while maintaining fitness throughout. along this line, it has been proposed that the ability of a progenitor to promiscuously catalyze a low level of the evolving activity could facilitate the divergence of a new function by providing an immediate selective advantage. to directly establish a role for promiscuity in the divergence of natural enzymes, we attempted to trace the origins of a bacterial phosphotriesterase (pte), an enzyme thought to ...	2006	17105187
enzymatic and genetic profiles in environmental strains grown on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.	the possible generation of oxidative stress induced by aromatic hydrocarbon degradation suggests that ancillary enzyme activities could facilitate the utilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as sole carbon source. to investigate the metabolic profiles of low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading strains of sphingobium chlorophenolicum, rhodococcus aetherovorans, rhodococcus opacus and mycobacterium smegmatis, the determination of the activity of putative detoxifying ...	2007	17109059
detection and characterization of bacteria from the potato rhizosphere degrading n-acyl-homoserine lactone.	quorum sensing plays a role in the regulation of soft rot diseases caused by the plant pathogenic bacterium pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. the signal molecules involved in quorum sensing in p. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum belong to the group of n-acyl homoserine lactones (ahls). in our study, we screened bacteria isolated from the potato rhizosphere for the ability to degrade ahls produced by p. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. six isolates able to degrade ahls were selected for ...	2006	17110970
molecular diversity studies of bacterial communities of oil polluted microbial mats from the etang de berre (france).	the biodiversity of microbial mats inhabiting the oil-contaminated lagoon etang de berre was determined by molecular approaches. the fingerprint of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and automatic ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (arisa) of mats exposed to different pollution levels showed specific microbial communities for each site but similar diversity richness. species composition of the mats were compared by constructing 16s rrna libraries. amplified rdna restriction analysi ...	2006	17117996
degradation of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine by rhodococcus erythropolis strain dp-45 isolated from a waste gas treatment plant of a fishmeal processing company.	a bacterium, strain dp-45, capable of degrading 2,5-dimethylpyrazine (2,5-dmp) was isolated and identified as rhodococcus erythropolis. the strain also grew on many other pyrazines found in the waste gases of food industries, like 2,3-dimethylpyrazine (2,3-dmp), 2,6-dimethylpyrazine (2,6-dmp), 2-ethyl-5(6)-dimethylpyrazine (emp), 2-ethylpyrazine (ep), 2-methylpyrazine (mp), and 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine (tmp). the strain utilized 2,5-dmp as sole source of carbon and nitrogen and grew optimally at ...	2007	17120096
utilization of hydrophobic bacterium rhodococcus opacus b-4 as whole-cell catalyst in anhydrous organic solvents.	rhodococcus opacus strain b-4, which has recently been isolated as an organic solvent-tolerant bacterium, has a high hydrophobicity and exhibits a high affinity for hydrocarbons. this bacterium was able to survive for at least 5 days in organic solvents, including n-tetradecane, oleyl alcohol, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (behp), which contained water less than 1% (w/v). the biocatalytic ability of r. opacus b-4 was demonstrated in the essentially nonaqueous behp using indigo production from ...	2007	17123076
granulomatous lesions in lymph nodes of slaughter pigs bacteriologically negative for mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and positive for rhodococcus equi.	the prevalence of granulomatous lesions in lymph nodes of pigs was studied. from january till august 2004 in two slaughterhouses in the netherlands 2,116,536 pigs were examined for the presence of granulomatous lesions in the sub-maxillary lymph nodes. in 15,900 (0.75%) of these pigs, lesions could be detected. nine farms with the highest incidence of lesions were selected for a more detailed pathological and bacteriological examination. on these farms, the prevalence of lesions in sub-maxillary ...	2007	17126501
remaining acetamide in acetonitrile degradation using nitrile hydratase- and amidase-producing microorganisms.	the tandem conversion process involving nitrile hydratase- and amidase-producing microorganisms has potential for use in the treatment of acetonitrile-containing wastes. in that process, the acetamide hydrolysis step catalyzed by amidase is very slow compared with the acetonitrile hydration step catalyzed by nitrile hydratase, and a small amount of acetamide remains in the resulting solution. this study aimed to improve the efficiency of the acetamide hydrolysis step. an amidase-producing microo ...	2007	17136368
an unusual beta-vinyl effect leading to high efficiency and enantioselectivity of the amidase, nitrile biotransformations for the preparation of enantiopure 3-arylpent-4-enoic acids and amides and their applications in synthesis.	biotransformations of 3-arylpent-4-enenitriles catalyzed by rhodococcus erythropolis aj270, a nitrile hydratase/amidase-containing microbial whole-cell catalyst were studied, and an unusual beta-vinyl effect of the substrate on the biocatalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity of the amidase was observed. while 3-arylpent-4-enenitriles and 3-phenylpentanenitrile were efficiently hydrated by the action of the less r-enantioselective nitrile hydratase, the amidase showed greater activity and high ...	2006	17137391
transcriptomic analysis reveals a bifurcated terephthalate degradation pathway in rhodococcus sp. strain rha1.	phthalate isomers and their esters are important pollutants whose biodegradation is not well understood. rhodococcus sp. strain rha1 is notable for its ability to degrade a wide range of aromatic compounds. rha1 was previously shown to degrade phthalate (pth) and to have genes putatively encoding terephthalate (tpa) degradation. transcriptomic analysis of 8,213 genes indicated that 150 were up-regulated during growth on pth and that 521 were up-regulated during growth on tpa. distinct ring cleav ...	2007	17142403
[rhodococcus equi infection].		2006	17144431
benzoate catabolite repression of the phthalate degradation pathway in rhodococcus sp. strain dk17.	rhodococcus sp. strain dk17 exhibits a catabolite repression-like response when provided simultaneously with benzoate and phthalate as carbon and energy sources. benzoate in the medium is depleted to detection limits before the utilization of phthalate begins. the transcription of the genes encoding benzoate and phthalate dioxygenase paralleled the substrate utilization profile. two mutant strains with defective benzoate dioxygenases were unable to utilize phthalate in the presence of benzoate, ...	2007	17158614
malakoplakia of the prostate on needle core biopsy: a case report and review of the literature.	malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory disorder that results from an infectious process and that may be associated with immunosuppression. it most often occurs in the genitourinary tract; however, isolated cases have been reported in many other organs, including colon, stomach, lung, liver, bone, uterus, and skin. in the bladder, which is the most common site of involvement, it may be mistaken for malignancy on cystoscopic examination or computerized topography scan. gram-negative bacteria such as ...	2007	17172507
multiple-stress tolerance of ionizing radiation-resistant bacterial isolates obtained from various habitats: correlation between stresses.	isolation of five ionizing radiation (ir)-resistant bacteria by screening of isolates from various habitats classified as common and stressed is reported. ir-resistant isolates exhibited varying degrees of resistance to gamma-radiation and were classified as highly and moderately radiation resistant. resistance to ultraviolet (uv) radiation correlated well with gamma-radiation resistance, whereas a comparable desiccation resistance for all the highly and moderately radiation-resistant isolates w ...	2007	17180747
enhancing cell survival of atrazine degrading rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 cells encapsulated in alginate beads.	to develop a method to produce beads with encapsulated rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 with high cell density, extended shelf life, ease of handling and good atrazine degradation capabilities in both liquid and in agricultural soil.	2007	17184337
mutation and virulence assessment of chromosomal genes of rhodococcus equi 103.	rhodococcus equi can cause severe or fatal pneumonia in foals as well as in immunocompromised animals and humans. its ability to persist in macrophages is fundamental to how it causes disease, but the basis of this is poorly understood. to examine further the general application of a recently developed system of targeted gene mutation and to assess the importance of different genes in resistance to innate immune defenses, we disrupted the genes encoding high-temperature requirement a (htra), nit ...	2007	17193875
structural characterization of a beta-diketone hydrolase from the cyanobacterium anabaena sp. pcc 7120 in native and product-bound forms, a coenzyme a-independent member of the crotonase suprafamily.	the gene alr4455 from the well-studied cyanobacterium anabaena sp. pcc 7120 encodes a crotonase orthologue that displays beta-diketone hydrolase activity. anabaena beta-diketone hydrolase (abdh), in common with 6-oxocamphor hydrolase (och) from rhodococcus sp. ncimb 9784, catalyzes the desymmetrization of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,6-dione to yield [(s)-3-oxocyclohexyl]acetic acid, a reaction unusual among the crotonase superfamily as the substrate is not an acyl-coa thioester. the structure of abdh ...	2007	17198383
evaluation of fecal samples from mares as a source of rhodococcus equi for their foals by use of quantitative bacteriologic culture and colony immunoblot analyses.	to determine whether mares are a clinically important source of rhodococcus equi for their foals.	2007	17199420
chilling and cultivar type affect the diversity of bacterial endophytes colonizing sweet pepper (capsicum anuum l.).	a climate chamber experiment was conducted to assay the effect of low temperatures (chilling) on the diversity of bacteria colonizing the endospheres of two thermophilic sweet pepper (capsicum anuum l.) cultivars, milder spiral and ziegenhorn bello. structural diversity was analyzed by 16s rrna-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) analysis and by the generation of 16s rrna gene libraries to determine dominant community members in t-rflp profiles. cultivable community ...	2006	17215894
bioconversion of butyronitrile to butyramide using whole cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34.	butyramide is an important chemical commodity, which is used for the synthesis of hydroxamic acids and electrorheological fluids and for the preparation of beta-amodoorganotin compounds. the nitrile hydratase (nhase) of rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34 catalyzed the conversion of butyronitrile to butyramide. the maximum nhase activity [18 u/mg dry cell weight (dcw)] of whole cells of r. rhodochrous pa-34 was observed at ph 7.0 with 10% (v/v) butyronitrile and 1 mg cells (dcw)/ml reaction mixture at ...	2007	17216468
effect of hyperimmune plasma on the severity of pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in experimentally infected foals.	this study evaluated the prophylactic effectiveness of hyperimmune plasma (hip) as an aid in the prevention of pneumonia caused by experimental infection with rhodococcus equi. thirty neonatal foals were administered r. equi hip or saline at 2 days of age and were infected with virulent r. equi at 7 days. all foals developed signs or symptoms of respiratory disease. radiographic scores on day 28 and neutrophil concentrations on day 49 were significantly greater in control foals, and time to resp ...	2006	17216591
daptomycin susceptibility of unusual gram-positive bacteria: comparison of results obtained by the etest and the broth microdilution method.	mics of daptomycin, linezolid, and vancomycin against 212 isolates, including listeria monocytogenes and pediococcus, leuconostoc, rhodococcus, and nocardia spp., were determined by the broth microdilution method; daptomycin mics were also determined by the etest. except with those for leuconostoc spp., daptomycin etest mics showed >90% agreement with mics obtained by the broth microdilution method.	2007	17220420
survey of the large-animal diplomates of the american college of veterinary internal medicine regarding knowledge and clinical use of polymerase chain reaction: implications for veterinary education.	a questionnaire was developed to document the knowledge base of large-animal diplomates of the american college of veterinary internal medicine (acvim) regarding polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology and to identify the common use of this technology in equine practice. ninety-three of the 278 mailed questionnaires were returned, for an overall response rate of 33.4%. ninety respondents (99%) reported being familiar with the general principles of nucleic acid probe technology; however, only ...	2006	17220506
specificity of catechol ortho-cleavage during para-toluate degradation by rhodococcus opacus 1cp.	degradation of para-toluate by rhodococcus opacus 1cp was investigated. activities of the key enzymes of this process, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and muconate cycloisomerase, are detected in this microorganism. growth on p-toluate was accompanied by induction of two catechol 1,2-dioxygenases. the substrate specificity and physicochemical properties of one enzyme are identical to those of chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase; induction of the latter enzyme was observed during r. opacus 1cp growth on 4-ch ...	2006	17223783
functional identification of p-cumate operons in the terpene-degrading rhodococcus sp. strain t104.	we identified a p-cumate degrading gene cluster (designated cmt) with a novel organization in our genomic studies of the terpene-degrading rhodococcus sp. strain t104. the mutant strain sn140, isolated for the inability to grow on p-cumate, accumulates 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate as identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 300 mhz proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction experiments showed that the cmt genes are operonic and indu ...	2007	17233717
the structure of a bacterial l-amino acid oxidase from rhodococcus opacus gives new evidence for the hydride mechanism for dehydrogenation.	l-amino acid oxidase from rhodococcus opacus (rolaao) is classified as a member of the gr(2)-family of flavin-dependent oxidoreductases according to a highly conserved sequence motif for the cofactor binding. the monomer of the homodimeric enzyme consists of three well-defined domains: the fad-binding domain corresponding to a general topology throughout the whole gr(2)-family; a substrate-binding domain with almost the same topology as the snake venom laao and a helical domain exclusively respo ...	2007	17234209
a novel endoglycoceramidase hydrolyzes oligogalactosylceramides to produce galactooligosaccharides and ceramides.	enzymes capable of hydrolyzing the beta-glycosidic linkage between oligosaccharides and ceramides in various glycosphingolipids has been found in microorganisms and invertebrates and designated endoglycoceramidase (ec 3.2.1.123) or ceramide glycanase. here we report the molecular cloning, characterization, and homology modeling of a novel endoglycoceramidase that hydrolyzes oligogalactosylceramides to produce galactooligosaccharides and ceramides. the novel enzyme was purified from a culture sup ...	2007	17244618
biodegradation of methylthio-s-triazines by rhodococcus sp. strain fj1117yt, and production of the corresponding methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl and hydroxy analogues.	a novel bacterial strain fj1117yt was isolated from an enrichment culture with the herbicide simetryn. the isolate was capable of degrading the herbicide supplied as the sole sulfur source in an aquatic batch culture. the strain fj1117yt was identified as that belonging to rhodococcus sp. on the basis of comparative morphology, physiological characteristics and comparison of the 16s rrna gene sequence. the biodegradation pathway of simetryn was established by isolating the methylsulfinyl analogu ...	2007	17245693
bacterial preparation of enantiopure unactivated aziridine-2-carboxamides and their transformation into enantiopure nonnatural amino acids and vic-diamines.	[reaction: see text] enantiopure (1r,2s)-1-benzyl- and 1-arylaziridine-2-carboxamides were obtained by kinetic resolution of their racemates by rhodococcus rhodochrous ifo 15564 catalyzed hydrolysis. several regio- and enantioselective nucleophilic ring openings of (1r,2s)-1-benzylaziridine-2-carboxamide or its lah-reduced product led to a series of enantiopure products, such as o-methyl-l-serine and some vicinal diamines.	2007	17249802
a gene cluster encoding cholesterol catabolism in a soil actinomycete provides insight into mycobacterium tuberculosis survival in macrophages.	rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, a soil bacterium related to mycobacterium tuberculosis, degrades an exceptionally broad range of organic compounds. transcriptomic analysis of cholesterol-grown rha1 revealed a catabolic pathway predicted to proceed via 4-androstene-3,17-dione and 3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-seconandrost-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione (3,4-dhsa). inactivation of each of the hsac, supab, and mce4 genes in rha1 substantiated their roles in cholesterol catabolism. moreover, the hsac(-) mutant accum ...	2007	17264217
rhodococcus equi infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. computed tomography aspects.	to present the computed tomography aspects of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in seven patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	2006	17268743
purification and characterization of rhodobactin: a mixed ligand siderophore from rhodococcus rhodochrous strain ofs.	the siderophore produced by rhodococcus rhodochrous strain ofs, rhodobactin, was isolated from iron-deficient cultures and purified by a combination of xad-7 absorptive/partition resin column and semi-preparative hplc. the siderophore structure was characterized using 1d and 2d (1)h, (13)c and (15)n nmr techniques (dqfcosy, tocsy, noesy, hsqc and lr-hsqc) and was confirmed using esi-ms and ms/ms experiments. the structural characterization revealed that the siderophore, rhodobactin, is a mixed l ...	2007	17273817
isolation and characterization of gasoline-degrading bacteria from gas station leaking-contaminated soils.	the effects of culture conditions in vitro and biosurfactant detection were studied on bacterial strains capable of degrading gasoline from contaminated soils near gas station. the main results were summarized as follows. three bacteria (strains q 10, q14 and q18) that were considered as efficiently degrading strains were isolated and identified as pseudomonas sp., flavobacterium sp. and rhodococcus sp., respectively. the optimal growth conditions of three bacteria including ph, temperature and ...	2006	17278756
probing the substrate specificity of the catalytically self-sufficient cytochrome p450 rhf from a rhodococcus sp.	analysis of the substrate specificity of the self-sufficient cytochrome p450 rhf revealed that the enzyme tends to catalyse the dealkylation of substituted alkyl-aryl ethers with shorter alkyl moieties more readily than equivalent compounds with longer alkyl groups.	2006	17283795
cerebellar abscess due to rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent patient: case report and literature review.	rhodococcus equi (r. equi) is a facultative, intracellular, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, gram-positive coccobacillus, primarily causes zoonotic infections that affect grazing animals, mainly horses and foals and is a rare opportunistic pathogen found in severely compromised patients, and most commonly in recent years, in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons. early cases, most in patients receiving immunosuppressant therapy, were more likely to be successfully treated with antimic ...	2006	17285106
an aerobic sequencing batch reactor for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) biodegradation.	a bench scale sequencing batch reactor (sbr) was designed and tested for degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (tnp) or picric acid-contaminated wastewater or groundwater. under varying temperatures (25, 15 and 10 degrees c) and influent concentrations (40-200 mg/l tnp) a stable biomass was developed that was consistently capable of degrading the explosive compound to below regulatory drinking water limits (0.057 mg/l). the reactor was initially seeded with a nitroaromatic and nitramine degrading ...	2007	17286267
nitrile biotransformations for the efficient synthesis of highly enantiopure 1-arylaziridine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives and their stereoselective ring-opening reactions.	catalyzed by the rhodococcus erythropolis aj270 whole cell catalyst under very mild conditions, biotransformations of racemic 1-arylaziridine-2-carbonitriles proceeded efficiently and enantioselectively to produce highly enantiopure s-1-arylaziridine-2-carboxamides and r-1-arylaziridine-2-carboxylic acids in excellent yields. although the nitrile hydratase exhibits no selectivity against all nitrile substrates, the amidase is highly r-enantioselective towards 1-arylaziridine-2-carboxamides. when ...	2007	17286438
enrichment and isolation of endosulfan degrading and detoxifying bacteria.	in the present study, degradation of endosulfan by a mixed culture isolated from a pesticide-contaminated soil was studied in batch experiments. after two weeks of incubation, the mixed culture was able to degrade 73% and 81% of alpha and beta endosulfan respectively. endodiol was identified by gc/ms as degradation intermediate. the toxicity studies of endosulfan before and after degradation were carried out using micronucleus assay on human polymorphonuclear cells. the findings suggested that t ...	2007	17289112
enhancement of biodesulfurization in two-liquid systems by heterogeneous expression of vitreoscilla hemoglobin.	the vgb gene, encoding vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb), was introduced into a specific desulfurization bacterium, rhodococcus erythropolis lsse8-1. the vhb-specific spectrum was observed for the recombinant. compared to the wild type, the strain bearing vgb showed a higher biomass yield and desulfurizing activity.	2007	17293512
cutaneous pyogranuloma in a cat caused by virulent rhodococcus equi containing an 87 kb type i plasmid.	a 2-year-old intact male domestic shorthaired cat presented with a chronic, nodular, ulcerated, cutaneous lesion on the right thoracic limb. histological and cytological examination revealed a pyogranulomatous inflammation with basophilic organisms in the macrophages. a virulent form of rhodococcus equi containing an 87 kb type i (vapa) virulence plasmid was identified from cultures of biopsy samples. this report describes the clinicopathological features, plasmid profile and virulence of this c ...	2007	17300450
in vivo expression of and cell-mediated immune responses to the plasmid-encoded virulence-associated proteins of rhodococcus equi in foals.	rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes pneumonia in foals but does not induce disease in adult horses. virulence of r. equi depends on the presence of a large plasmid, which encodes a family of seven virulence-associated proteins (vapa and vapc to vaph). eradication of r. equi from the lungs depends on gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) production by t lymphocytes. the objectives of the present study were to determine the relative in vivo expression of the vap genes of r. ...	2007	17301216
what is your diagnosis? rhodococcus equi.		2007	17302546
oral administration of a live attenuated salmonella vaccine strain expressing the vapa protein induces protection against infection by rhodococcus equi.	rhodococcus equi remains one of the most important pathogens of foals and vaccination strategies to prevent rhodococcosis are under increasing investigation. attenuated salmonella strains carrying heterologous antigens offer an advantageous alternative to conventional vaccines, especially because they induce mucosal and systemic immunity. in this work, we expressed the vapa antigen from r. equi in a salmonella enterica typhimurium strain, which was able to colonize and persist in the lymphoid ti ...	2007	17307012
[bacteremia due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: case report].	rhodococcus equi is an important agent for zoonotic infections, and may cause serious infections in humans, especially immunocompromised patients. in this study, a case of fatal bacteremia due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv positive) is reported.	2006	17308706
17beta-estradiol-degrading bacteria isolated from activated sludge.	fourteen phylogenetically diverse 17beta-estradiol-degrading bacteria (strains kc1-14) were isolated from activated sludge of a wastewater treatment plant. these isolates widely distributed among eight different genera--aminobacter (strains kc6 and kc7), brevundimonas (strain kc12), escherichia (strain kc13), flavobacterium (strain kc1), microbacterium (strain kc5), nocardioides (strain kc3), rhodococcus (strain kc4), and sphingomonas (strains kc8-kc11 and kc14)--of three phyla: proteobacteria, ...	2007	17310711
structural features of a cold-adapted alaskan bacterial lipase.	the three dimensional model of cold-adapted alaskan psychrotroph pseudomonas species (strain b11-1) lipase has been constructed by homology modeling based on the crystal structure of acetyl esterase from rhodococcus species and refined by molecular dynamics methods. our model locates the substrate-binding cavity and further suggests that ser-155, asp-250, and his-280 are the members of the catalytic triad. substrate specificity of the modeled lipase has been examined by docking experiments, whic ...	2007	17313191
comparative phylogenetic analysis of microbial communities in pristine and hydrocarbon-contaminated alpine soils.	a molecular characterization of pristine and petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated alpine soils sampled in tyrol (austria) was performed. to identify predominant bacteria, pcr-amplified 16s rrna gene fragments from five pristine and nine contaminated soils were analysed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). sequencing and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the majority of the dgge bands represented bacteria in the actinobacteria and proteobacteria phyla: 18 and 73%, respectivel ...	2007	17313586
structural analysis of an acidic, fatty acid ester-bonded extracellular polysaccharide produced by a pristane-assimilating marine bacterium, rhodococcus erythropolis pr4.	rhodococcus erythropolis pr4 is a marine bacterium that can degrade various alkanes including pristane, a c(19) branched alkane. this strain produces a large quantity of extracellular polysaccharides, which are assumed to play an important role in the hydrocarbon tolerance of this bacterium. the strain produced two acidic extracellular polysaccharides, fr1 and fr2, and the latter showed emulsifying activity toward clove oil, whereas the former did not. fr2 was composed of d-galactose, d-glucose, ...	2007	17316581
structural analysis of mucoidan, an acidic extracellular polysaccharide produced by a pristane-assimilating marine bacterium, rhodococcus erythropolis pr4.	rhodococcus erythropolis pr4 is a marine bacterium that can degrade various alkanes including pristane, a c(19) branched alkane. this strain produces a large quantity of extracellular polysaccharides (eps), which are assumed to play an important role in the hydrocarbon tolerance of r. erythropolis pr4. the strain produced an acidic eps, mucoidan, together with a fatty acid-containing eps, pr4 faceps. the chemical structure of the mucoidan was determined using (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy and ...	2007	17316584
profiling mechanisms of alkane hydroxylase activity in vivo using the diagnostic substrate norcarane.	mechanistically informative chemical probes are used to characterize the activity of functional alkane hydroxylases in whole cells. norcarane is a substrate used to reveal the lifetime of radical intermediates formed during alkane oxidation. results from oxidations of this probe with organisms that contain the two most prevalent medium-chain-length alkane-oxidizing metalloenzymes, alkane omega-monooxygenase (alkb) and cytochrome p450 (cyp), are reported. the results--radical lifetimes of 1-7 ns ...	2007	17317570
safety evaluation of a heavy oil-degrading bacterium, rhodococcus erythropolis c2.	the safety of an oil-degrading bacterium, c2 strain, was evaluated for utilization in an open system for bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments. the c2 strain was identified as rhodococcus erythropolis by performing an alignment analysis of the whole 16s rrna sequence. r. erythropolis was classified as a nonpathogenic (category 1) bacterium. biological and biochemical properties of the c2 strain also confirmed its nonpathogenicity. the pathogenicity and basic ecotoxicity were studied in ...	2007	17327695
structural and mechanistic analyses of endo-glycoceramidase ii, a membrane-associated family 5 glycosidase in the apo and gm3 ganglioside-bound forms.	endo-glycoceramidase, a membrane-associated family 5 glycosidase, deviates from the typical polysaccharide substrate specificity of other soluble members of the family, preferentially hydrolyzing glycosidic linkages between the oligosaccharide and ceramide moieties of gangliosides. here we report the first x-ray crystal structures of an endo-glycoceramidase from rhodococcus sp., in the apo form, in complex with the ganglioside g(m3) (svennerholm ganglioside nomenclature (svennerholm, l. (1964) j ...	2007	17329247
purification and characterization of the enantioselective nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. aj270.	nitrile hydratase (nhase, ec 4.2.1.84) from rhodococcus sp. aj270 was purified with 23.96% yield after sonication, ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange, hydrophobic and gel-filtration column chromatography. the enzyme showed intriguing characteristics: it hydrated not only aliphatic and heterocyclic nitriles but also aromatic ones. some substrates were also hydrated enantioselectively to the corresponding amides. the enantiomeric excess (ee) value of the enzyme hydrating trans-2,2-dimeth ...	2007	17330219
comparative studies of phenotypic and genetic characteristics between two desulfurizing isolates of rhodococcus erythropolis and the well-characterized r. erythropolis strain igts8.	two rhodococcus erythropolis isolates, named a66 and a69, together with the well-characterized r. erythropolis strain igts8 were compared biochemically and genetically. both isolates, like strain igts8, desulfurized dbt to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp), following the 4s pathway of desulfurization. strain igts8 showed the highest (81.5%) desulfurization activity in a medium containing dbt at 30 degrees c. strain a66 showed approximately the same desulfurization activity either when incubated at 30 de ...	2007	17333091
diversity of cultivated and uncultivated actinobacterial endophytes in the stems and roots of rice.	a dual approach consisting of cultivation and molecular retrieval of actinobacterial 16s rrna genes was used to characterize the diversity of actinobacterial community inhabiting interior of rice stems and roots. streptomyces is the most frequently isolated genus from rice stems and roots. forty-five clones chosen randomly among 250 clones in the 16s rrna gene clone library from roots were affiliated with nine genera of actinobacteria and uncultured actinobacteria (mycobacterium, streptomyces, m ...	2007	17334856
bacteria transport and deposition under unsaturated conditions: the role of the matrix grain size and the bacteria surface protein.	unsaturated (80% water saturated) packed column experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of grain size distribution and bacteria surface macromolecules on bacteria (rhodococcus rhodochrous) transport and deposition mechanisms. three sizes of silica sands were used in these transport experiments, and their median grain sizes were 607, 567, and 330 microm. the amount of retained bacteria increased with decreasing sand size, and most of the deposited bacteria were found adjacent to t ...	2007	17337313
characterization of the dszabc genes of gordonia amicalis f.5.25.8 and identification of conserved protein and dna sequences.	gordonia amicalis f.5.25.8 has the unique ability to desulfurize dibenzothiophene and to metabolize carbazole [santos et al., appl microbiol biotechnol 71:355-362, 2006]. efforts to amplify the dsz genes from g. amicalis f.5.25.8 based on polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers designed using the dsz gene sequences of rhodococcus erythropolis igts8 were mostly unsuccessful. a comparison of the protein sequences of dissimilar desulfurization enzymes (dszabc, bdsabc, and tdsabc) revealed multiple ...	2007	17342529
steroid 9alpha-hydroxylation during testosterone degradation by resting rhodococcus equi cells.	the conversion pathway of testosterone to androst-4-ene-3,17-dione and 9alpha-hydroxy androstane metabolites, 9alpha-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione and 9alpha,17beta-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one was proposed for the ring degradation in steroids by a minimal liquid medium (nmmp)-dispersed rhodococcus equi atcc 14887. the microorganism produced 9alpha-hydroxy androstane metabolites from testosterone at high conversion ratio without the addition of ring degradation inhibitory agents. several nmmp-b ...	2007	17351967
genotypic characterization of vapa positive rhodococcus equi in foals with pulmonary affection and their soil environment on a warmblood horse breeding farm in germany.	pulsotypes of vapa positive rhodococcus equi isolated from foals and soil on a farm in germany were characterized on the basis of nasal and tracheal samples simultaneously collected in 2003 from 217 foals with sonographic evidence of pneumonia or pulmonary abscesses. of the 217 double samples, r. equi was isolated in 118 (54%) of the tracheal samples and in 52 of the nasal swab samples (24%) (p<0.001). furthermore, 37 and 55 isolates were also randomly selected from nasal swabs and the tracheal ...	2007	17360011
improved outcome of trypanosoma cruzi infection in rats following treatment in early life with suspensions of heat-killed environmental actinomycetales.	the well-established model of chagas' disease in "l" rats was used to evaluate the effects of three injections of heat-killed gordonia bronchialis, rhodococcus coprophilus or saline on trypanosoma cruzi parasitaemia and acute and chronic myocarditis, sequelae of the infection. two vaccinating injections were given prior to challenge with t. cruzi, and the third, immunotherapeutic, injection was given 7 days after challenge. treatment with either actinomycete significantly reduced acute parasitae ...	2007	17368877
bioaugmentation and coexistence of two functionally similar bacterial strains in aerobic granules.	the survival of the inoculated microbial culture is critical for successful bioaugmentation but impossible to predict precisely. as an alternative strategy, bioaugmentation of a group of microorganisms may improve reliability of bioaugmentation. this study evaluated simultaneous bioaugmentation of two functionally similar bacterial strains in aerobic granules. the two strains, pandoraea sp. pg-01 and rhodococcus erythropolis pg-03, showed high phenol degradation and growth rates in phenol medium ...	2007	17370069
[evaluation of api coryne system, version 2.0, for diphteroid gram-positive rods identification with clinical relevance].	the ability of the api coryne system, version 2.0, to identify 178 strains of gram-positive rods was evaluated. seventy eight isolates belonged to genus corynebacterium and one hundred to related genera, all strains were isolated from clinical samples at the laboratory of bacteriology, hospital de clínicas josé de san martin (uba) between 1995 and 2004. the isolates were identified according to von graevenitz and funke's scheme. one hundred and sixty two out of 178 strains (91%) were correctly i ...	2006	17370571
post-translational cleavage of recombinantly expressed nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 yields a stable, active helical form.	nitrilases convert nitriles to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia. the nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 is known to be inactive as a dimer but to become active on oligomerization. the recombinant enzyme undergoes post-translational cleavage at approximately residue 327, resulting in the formation of active, helical homo-oligomers. determining the 3d structure of these helices using electron microscopy, followed by fitting the stain envelope with a model based on homology wit ...	2007	17371547
[rhodococcus equi infection in subjects infected with human immunodeficiencv virus (hiv)].	disease caused by rhodococcus equi is a rare complication in subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and it is associated with severe cellular immunodeficiency. the agent is gram-positive rod of the group non-diphtheric corynebacteria. the genus rhodococcus belongs to the family nocardiaceae and order actinomycetales. the principle of pathogenicity is the survival inside macrophages. formation of necrotising granulomas is a characteristic feature. malacoplakia can be a specific ...	2007	17373114
adult onset of t-cell deficiency with impaired cd2 expression complicated by rhodococcus infection: a case report.	the functional importance of cd2 in vivo is currently the subject of discussion.	2007	17378264
culturable bacteria present in the fluid of the hooded-pitcher plant sarracenia minor based on 16s rdna gene sequence data.	the culturable microbial community within the pitcher fluid of 93 sarracenia minor carnivorous plants was examined over a 2-year study. many aspects of the plant/bacterial/insect interaction within the pitcher fluid are minimally understood because the bacterial taxa present in these pitchers have not been identified. thirteen isolates were characterized by 16s rdna sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. the proteobacteria were the most abundant taxa and included representatives from s ...	2007	17380356
separation of bacteria in temperature gradient: micro-thermal focusing field-flow fractionation.	the separation of staphylococcus epidermidis and rhodococcus erythropolis bacteria was achieved with the use of micro-thermal focusing field-flow fractionation. this is the first performance of separation exploiting the ludwig-soret effect (thermal diffusion) of living biological cells, combined with lift forces and resulting in the focusing mechanism of separation. the experiments were carried out under carefully chosen experimental conditions preventing the denaturation of the bacteria.	2007	17391770
experimental infection of neonatal foals with rhodococcus equi triggers adult-like gamma interferon induction.	rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes pneumonia in young foals but does not induce disease in immunocompetent adult horses. clearance of r. equi depends mainly on gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) production by t lymphocytes, whereas the predominance of interleukin 4 (il-4) is detrimental. young foals, like neonates of many other species, are generally deficient in the ability to produce ifn-gamma. the objective of this study was to compare the cytokine profiles, as wel ...	2007	17409222
variations in 13c/12c and d/h enrichment factors of aerobic bacterial fuel oxygenate degradation.	reliable compound-specific isotope enrichment factors are needed for a quantitative assessment of in situ biodegradation in contaminated groundwater. to obtain information on the variability on carbon and hydrogen enrichment factors (epsilonc, epsilonh) the isotope fractionation of methyl tertiary (tert-) butyl ether (mtbe) and ethyl tert-butyl ether (etbe) upon aerobic degradation was studied with different bacterial isolates. methylibium sp. r8 showed a carbon and hydrogen isotope enrichment u ...	2007	17410802
characterization of two beta-carotene ketolases, crto and crtw, by complementation analysis in escherichia coli.	the pathways from beta-carotene to astaxanthin are crucial key steps for producing astaxanthin, one of industrially useful carotenoids, in heterologous hosts. two beta-carotene ketolases (beta-carotene 4,4'-oxygenase), crto and crtw, with different structure are known up to the present. in this paper, we compared the catalytic functions of a crto ketolase that was obtained from a marine bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis strain pr4, crto derived from cyanobacterium synechosistis sp. pcc6803, and ...	2007	17415558
[detection of rhodococcus equi by microbiological culture and by polymerase chain reaction in samples of tracheobronchial secretions of foals].	the goal of the present study was to investigate whether new pcr-methods would improve diagnostic of r. equi. in a first step, sensitivity and specificity of the pcr-methods in respect to the"gold standard" microbiological culture were determined. secondly, sensitivity and specificity of both microbiological methods were evaluated in respect to the clinical diagnosis. the tracheobronchial secretions of 48 foals with pulmonary abscesses and of 37 healthy foals were evaluated by bacteriological cu ...	2007	17416135
characterization of a c-c bond hydrolase from sphingomonas wittichii rw1 with novel specificities towards polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites.	sphingomonas wittichii rw1 degrades chlorinated dibenzofurans and dibenzo-p-dioxins via meta cleavage. we used inverse pcr to amplify dxnb2, a gene encoding one of three meta-cleavage product (mcp) hydrolases identified in the organism that are homologues of bphd involved in biphenyl catabolism. purified dxnb2 catalyzed the hydrolysis of 8-oh 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate (hopda) approximately six times faster than for hopda at saturating substrate concentrations. moreover, the speci ...	2007	17416660