Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| genome-based identification of chromosomal regions specific for salmonella spp. | acquisition of genomic elements by horizontal gene transfer represents an important mechanism in the evolution of bacterial species. pathogenicity islands are a subset of horizontally acquired elements present in various pathogens. these elements are frequently located adjacent to trna genes. we performed a comparative genome analysis of salmonella enterica serovars typhi and typhimurium and escherichia coli and scanned trna loci for the presence of species-specific, horizontally acquired genomi ... | 2002 | 11953370 |
| [can we rely on the results of urine microscopy and culture when tests are performed in general practice?]. | urinary tract infections (uti) account for 2-5% of consultations in general practice, but only about half the patients with dysuria have significant bacteriuria (> 100,000 bacteria per ml). a microbiological diagnosis can be made by examination of a urine sample, and in danish family practice the diagnosis of uti is often reached by a microscopic analysis or a dip-slide culture test. these methods have a high validity when performed in hospital, but we need knowledge about the validity of microb ... | 2002 | 11957428 |
| tem-80, a novel inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase in a clinical isolate of enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter cloacae ecl261 was isolated with escherichia coli ec257 from the urine of a patient living in a nursing home. both isolates were resistant to ticarcillin (mics, 1,024 microg/ml), without significant potentiation of its activity by 2 microg of clavulanate per ml (mics, 512 microg/ml), and susceptible to naturally active cephalosporins. this inhibitor-resistant phenotype was conferred in both strains by similar conjugative plasmids of 40 kb (ecl261) and 30 kb (ec257), which also conve ... | 2002 | 11959543 |
| origin and evolution of the ampc beta-lactamases of citrobacter freundii. | to determine whether the widespread clinical use of beta-lactams has been selective for citrobacter freundii-derived alleles of plasmid ampc genes, we generated a bayesian consensus phylogeny of the published ampc sequences and compared the mics of 16 beta-lactam antibiotics for escherichia coli strains containing cloned copies of the c. freundii ampc alleles. we found that for the majority of compounds investigated, there has been essentially no increase in beta-lactam resistance conferred by t ... | 2002 | 11959544 |
| nb2001, a novel antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum activity and enhanced potency against beta-lactamase-producing strains. | enzyme-catalyzed therapeutic activation (ecta) is a novel prodrug strategy to overcome drug resistance resulting from enzyme overexpression. beta-lactamase overexpression is a common mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. we present here the results for one of the beta-lactamase ecta compounds, nb2001, which consists of the antibacterial agent triclosan in a prodrug form with a cephalosporin scaffold. unlike conventional beta-lactam antibiotics, where hydrolysis of the bet ... | 2002 | 11959554 |
| chromosomal system for studying ampc-mediated beta-lactam resistance mutation in escherichia coli. | in some enterobacterial pathogens, but not in escherichia coli, loss-of-function mutations in the ampd gene are a common route to beta-lactam antibiotic resistance. we constructed an assay system for studying mechanism(s) of enterobacterial ampd mutation using the well-developed genetics of e. coli. we integrated the enterobacter amprc genes into the e. coli chromosome. these cells acquire spontaneous recombination- and sos response-independent beta-lactam resistance mutations in ampd. this chro ... | 2002 | 11959593 |
| outbreak of infections caused by enterobacter cloacae producing the integron-associated beta-lactamase ibc-1 in a neonatal intensive care unit of a greek hospital. | nineteen of 27 ceftazidime-resistant enterobacter cloacae isolates from a neonatal intensive care unit in thessaloniki, greece, had genes coding for the novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ibc-1; 18 of those 19 harbored similar conjugative plasmids and belonged to two distinct genetic lineages. a synergy test with ceftazidime and imipenem enabled us to identify five unrelated bla(ibc-1)-carrying e. cloacae isolates from other wards of the hospital. it seems that this integron-associated gene ... | 2002 | 11959604 |
| transient reduction in the trna 4-thiouridine content induced by ultraviolet a during post-irradiation growth in enterobacter cloacae. | the influence of previous exposure to ultraviolet-a radiation (uva) was studied on the susceptibility of enterobacter cloacae to undergo the growth delay effect. comparison of growth curves corresponding to irradiated and control cells showed that a previous treatment with uva almost abolished the growth delay effect. uv absorption spectra of trna, and reverse phase hplc analysis of hydrolysed trna, demonstrated a low content of 4-thiouridine in e. cloacae cells grown after uva exposure at low d ... | 2002 | 11960731 |
| a note: gut bacteria produce components of a locust cohesion pheromone. | faecal pellets from germ-free locusts were used as culture media to determine the ability of locust gut bacteria to synthesize phenolic components of the locust cohesion pheromone. | 2002 | 11966918 |
| isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants. | endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. in this study, 853 endophytic strains were isolated from aerial tissues of four agronomic crop species and 27 prairie plant species. we determined several phenotypic properties and found approximately equal numbers of gram-negative and gram-positive isolates. in a greenhouse study, 28 of 86 prairie plant endophytes were found to colonize their original hosts at 42 days postinoculation at levels of 3.5 to 7.7 log(10) ... | 2002 | 11976089 |
| response of endophytic bacterial communities in potato plants to infection with erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. | the term endophyte refers to interior colonization of plants by microorganisms that do not have pathogenic effects on their hosts, and various endophytes have been found to play important roles in plant vitality. in this study, cultivation-independent terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s ribosomal dna directly amplified from plant tissue dna was used in combination with molecular characterization of isolates to examine the influence of plant stress, achieved by infec ... | 2002 | 11976096 |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, penicillins, monobactams, and carbapenems. changes in czop susceptibility for the bacteria were also evaluated with the bacterial resistance ratio calculated with the breakpoint mic. twenty-five species (3,362 strains) of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinica ... | 2002 | 11977920 |
| jaundice as an early diagnostic sign of urinary tract infection in infancy. | urinary tract infections (utis) are a common clinical problem in febrile infants younger than 8 weeks old, with a prevalence between 5% and 11%. previous studies have noted that jaundice may be one of the first signs of a bacterial infection in infants. our goal was to determine the incidence of utis in asymptomatic, jaundiced infants younger than 8 weeks old and to determine which historical and laboratory parameters are associated with utis. | 2002 | 11986445 |
| potential microbiological hazards in the production of refined paper products for food applications. | this study sought to investigate the significance of raw materials (starch-based glues, raw material papers) at different microbiologically critical stages in the manufacturing process of refined paper products. the study examined the occurrence of microorganisms in the process and in end-product samples. microbiological surveys verified that the production and use of pasteurized starch-based glue was the most important factor threatening the process hygiene and product safety. subsequently, the ... | 2002 | 11986924 |
| two-electron reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by enterobacter cloacae nad(p)h nitroreductase: description of quantitative structure-activity relationships. | enterobacter cloacae nad(p)h:nitroreductase catalyzes the reduction of a series of nitroaromatic compounds with steady-state bimolecular rate constants (kcat/km) ranging from 10(4) m(-1) s(-1) to 10(7) m(-1) s(-1), and oxidizing 2 moles nadh per mole mononitrocompound. oxidation of excess nadh by polynitrobenzenes including explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-n-methylnitramine (tetryl), has been observed as a slower secondary process, accompanied by o2 consumption. th ... | 2000 | 11996117 |
| comparative sequence analysis of the symbiosis island of mesorhizobium loti strain r7a. | the mesorhizobium loti strain r7a symbiosis island is a 502-kb chromosomally integrated element which transfers to nonsymbiotic mesorhizobia in the environment, converting them to lotus symbionts. it integrates into a phenylalanine trna gene in a process mediated by a p4-type integrase encoded at the left end of the element. we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the island and compared its deduced genetic complement with that reported for the 611-kb putative symbiosis island of m. loti s ... | 2002 | 12003951 |
| growth of cell-wall-deficient variants of enterobacter cloacae facilitates beta-lactamase derepressed mutants. | the degree to which cell-wall-deficient bacteria (cwdb) are involved in the generation of beta-lactamase derepressed mutants (dm) was measured using enterobacter cloacae 3624. the frequency of dm in non-permissive isotonic ticarcillin medium was compared with their frequency in hypertonic ticarcillin medium that supports cwdb growth. dm were resistant to extended spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins and had a basal beta-lactamase activity of >300 units/mg protein. anaerobic growth of cwdb inc ... | 2002 | 12007848 |
| ceftriaxone activity against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated in us clinical microbiology laboratories from 1996 to 2000: results from the surveillance network (tsn) database-usa. | ceftriaxone was introduced into clinical practice in the usa in 1985 and was the first extended-spectrum (third-generation) cephalosporin approved for once-daily treatment of patients with gram-positive or gram-negative infections. review of ceftriaxone activity is important given its continued use since the mid-1980s and reports of emerging resistance among all antimicrobial agent classes. we reviewed the activity of ceftriaxone and relevant comparative agents against five gram-positive and 11 ... | 2002 | 12007850 |
| management of an outbreak of enterobacter cloacae in a neonatal unit using simple preventive measures. | enterobacter cloacae is becoming an increasingly important nosocomial pathogen. outbreaks of e. cloacae in intensive care units and burns units have been described frequently. in december 1999, a neonate with line sepsis was transferred from a university hospital to the neonatal unit of the diakonessen hospital. blood culture yielded e. cloacae. an outbreak of e. cloacae was occurring in the university hospital at that time. in february 2000, a second neonate in our hospital developed line sepsi ... | 2002 | 12009816 |
| selective bowel decontamination for the prevention of infection in acute myelogenous leukemia: a prospective randomized trial. | infection is still a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) patients receiving chemotherapy. recently the main cause of infection has changed from gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria and the resistance to antibiotics has increased. this study aimed to access the effectiveness of antimicrobial prophylaxis (ap) with orally absorbable antibiotics. | 2002 | 12014211 |
| serratia marcescens bacteremia traced to an infused narcotic. | from june 30, 1998, through march 21, 1999, several patients in the surgical intensive care unit of a hospital acquired serratia marcescens bacteremia. we investigated this outbreak. | 2002 | 12015392 |
| pharmacodynamics of the new fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin in murine thigh and lung infection models. | gatifloxacin is a new 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone with enhanced activity against gram-positive cocci. we used the neutropenic murine thigh infection model to characterize the time course of antimicrobial activity of gatifloxacin and determine which pharmacokinetic (pk)-pharmacodynamic (pd) parameter best correlated with efficacy. the thighs of mice were infected with 10(6.5) to 10(7.4) cfu of strains of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, or escherichia coli, and the mice were then tr ... | 2002 | 12019073 |
| antibacterial activities and characterization of novel inhibitors of lpxc. | lipid a is the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and forms the major lipid component of the outer monolayer of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. lipid a is required for bacterial growth and virulence, and inhibition of its biosynthesis is lethal to bacteria. udp-3-o-(r-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-n-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (lpxc) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the second step in the biosynthesis of lipid a. inhibitors of lpxc have previously been shown to have antibiotic ... | 2002 | 12019092 |
| mutational replacement of leu-293 in the class c enterobacter cloacae p99 beta-lactamase confers increased mic of cefepime. | the class c beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae p99 confers resistance to a wide range of broad-spectrum beta-lactams but not to the newer cephalosporin cefepime. using pcr mutagenesis of the e. cloacae p99 ampc gene, we obtained a leu-293-pro mutant of the p99 beta-lactamase conferring a higher mic of cefepime (mic, 8 microg/ml, compared with 0.5 microg/ml conferred by the wild-type enzyme). in addition, the mutant enzyme produced higher resistance to ceftazidime but not to the other beta- ... | 2002 | 12019116 |
| cloning of a cation efflux pump gene associated with chlorhexidine resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae. | expression libraries of a chlorhexidine-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae strain were constructed and transformed into escherichia coli xlolr. twenty chlorhexidine-resistant transformants were obtained after selection. all clones contained a novel 903-nucleotide locus. its sequences were compatible with a cation efflux pump, and the locus was thus designated as cepa. retransformation using cepa-containing plasmids conferred chlorhexidine resistance to both xlolr and a chlorhexidine-sensitive k. pn ... | 2002 | 12019132 |
| chromosomal ampc genes in enterobacter species other than enterobacter cloacae, and ancestral association of the act-1 plasmid-encoded cephalosporinase to enterobacter asburiae. | the amplification and sequence of ampc genes in enterobacter asburiae, enterobacter cancerogenus, enterobacter dissolvens, enterobacter hormaechei and enterobacter intermedius bring the number of known cephalosporinase sequences from the genus enterobacter to seven. expression in escherichia coli of the ampc genes from e. asburiae, e. hormaechei and e. intermedius established the functional nature of these genes. ampc from e. asburiae shows 96.5% identity to bla(act-1) encoding a plasmid-borne c ... | 2002 | 12023082 |
| parachlamydiaceae: potential emerging pathogens. | parachlamydiaceae, which naturally infect amoebae, form a sister taxon to the chlamydiaceae on the basis of the chlamydia-like cycle of replication and 80% to 90% homology of ribosomal rna genes. because intra-amoebal growth could increase the virulence of some intracellular bacteria, parachlamydiaceae may be pathogenic. arguments supporting a pathogenic role are that chlamydia pneumoniae, a well-recognized agent of pneumonia, was shown to infect free-living amoebae and that another member of th ... | 2002 | 12023921 |
| spatial and temporal variation of enterobacter genotypes in sediments and the underlying hyporheic zone of an agricultural stream. | population studies of enteric bacteria in an agriculturally impacted stream (ledbetter creek, murray, kentucky, usa) were conducted over a period of 2 years. total number of bacteria, cultivated heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, and enteric bacteria showed significant differences between winter and summer. the cultivated numbers of heterotrophic aerobic bacteria and enteric bacteria were significantly more abundant in summer than in winter. the abundance of enteric bacteria was 12.9% in an upwelli ... | 2001 | 12024254 |
| identification by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing of arcobacter butzleri bacteraemia in a patient with acute gangrenous appendicitis. | to identify a strain of gram negative facultative anaerobic curved bacillus, concomitantly isolated with escherichia coli and streptococcus milleri, from the blood culture of a 69 year old woman with acute gangrenous appendicitis. the literature on arcobacter bacteraemia and arcobacter infections associated with appendicitis was reviewed. | 2002 | 12032229 |
| ecodonopt: a systematic computational framework for optimizing codon usage in directed evolution experiments. | we present a systematic computational framework, ecodonopt, for designing parental dna sequences for directed evolution experiments through codon usage optimization. given a set of homologous parental proteins to be recombined at the dna level, the optimal dna sequences encoding these proteins are sought for a given diversity objective. we find that the free energy of annealing between the recombining dna sequences is a much better descriptor of the extent of crossover formation than sequence id ... | 2002 | 12034828 |
| bacterial identification for publication: when is enough enough? | 2002 | 12037039 | |
| development of a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting and quantifying cmy-2 and shv beta-lactamases. | polyclonal rabbit antibodies against shv-1 and cmy-2 beta-lactamases were produced and characterized, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were developed. immunoblots revealed that the anti-shv-1 antibody recognized shv-1 but did not recognize tem-1, k-1, oxa-1, or any ampc beta-lactamase tested. the anti-cmy-2 antibody detected escherichia coli cmy-2, enterobacter cloacae p99, klebsiella pneumoniae act-1, and the ampc beta-lactamases of enterobacter aerogenes, morganella morganii, an ... | 2002 | 12037047 |
| characterization of unusual bacteria isolated from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis patients and description of inquilinus limosus gen. nov., sp. nov. | using a polyphasic approach (including cellular protein and fatty acid analysis, biochemical characterization, 16s ribosomal dna sequencing, and dna-dna hybridizations), we characterized 51 bacterial isolates recovered from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. our analyses showed that 24 isolates belong to taxa that have so far not (or only rarely) been reported from cf patients. these taxa include acinetobacter sp., bordetella hinzii, burkholderia fungorum, comamonas testost ... | 2002 | 12037065 |
| detection of plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamase genes in clinical isolates by using multiplex pcr. | therapeutic options for infections caused by gram-negative organisms expressing plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamases are limited because these organisms are usually resistant to all the beta-lactam antibiotics, except for cefepime, cefpirome, and the carbapenems. these organisms are a major concern in nosocomial infections and should therefore be monitored in surveillance studies. six families of plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamases have been identified, but no phenotypic test can differentiat ... | 2002 | 12037080 |
| decreasing the level of ethyl acetate in ethanolic fermentation broths of escherichia coli ko11 by expression of pseudomonas putida estz esterase. | during the fermentation of sugars to ethanol relatively high levels of an undesirable coproduct, ethyl acetate, are also produced. with ethanologenic escherichia coli strain ko11 as the biocatalyst, the level of ethyl acetate in beer containing 4.8% ethanol was 192 mg liter(-1). although the e. coli genome encodes several proteins with esterase activity, neither wild-type strains nor ko11 contained significant ethyl acetate esterase activity. a simple method was developed to rapidly screen bacte ... | 2002 | 12039716 |
| superinfection of chronic multifocal osteomyelitis with enterobacter cloacae. | a case is presented of a 6-year-old boy from nigeria who developed chronic multifocal osteomyelitis with bilateral and symmetrical proximal humeral involvement. superimposed changes of acute osteomyelitis were noted on the histopathological evaluation of the lesions. cultures from both sides were positive for enterobacter cloacae, which was presumably contracted during intravenous therapy for typhoid fever in nigeria 1 month prior to his presentation. | 2002 | 12041518 |
| novel plasmid-encoded class c beta-lactamase (mox-2) in klebsiella pneumoniae from greece. | klebsiella pneumoniae kol, a clinical strain resistant to various beta-lactams, was isolated from the stools of a patient from greece. this strain harbored a new pi 9.1 plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamase with unusually high levels of hydrolytic activity for cefoxitin and cefotetan that we named mox-2. sequencing of bla(mox-2) revealed 93.2, 92.9, 92.7, and 73.1% identities with the deduced amino acid sequences of cmy-8, mox-1, cmy-1, and the ampc beta-lactamase of aeromonas sobria, respectivel ... | 2002 | 12069985 |
| blactx-m-2 is located in an unusual class 1 integron (in35) which includes orf513. | examination of the bla(ctx-m-2) gene in plasmid pmar-12 by sequencing and pcr analysis revealed that the bla gene and the surrounding dna, which is closely related (99% homology) to the kluyvera ascorbata chromosomal dna that contains the bla(klua-1) gene, are located in a complex sul1-type integron, termed in35, that includes orf513. it is possible that bla(ctx-m-2) was acquired by plasmid pmar-12 through an uncharacterized recombinational event in which orf513 could be involved. | 2002 | 12069995 |
| [yearly changes in antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates between 1996 and 2000--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates obtained between 1996 and 2000 were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, and carbapenems. thirty-two species 2,697 strains of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinical materials annually collected from january to december, and consisted of moraxella subgenus branhamella catarrhalis (n = 125), escherichia coli (n = 250), citrobacter freu ... | 2002 | 12071094 |
| pyoderma faciale: gram-negative recovery by means of needle aspiration. | pyoderma faciale is an inflammatory disease that until now was believed to occur only in women. bacterial pathogens have not been found in most cases, and those found included only gram-positive microorganisms. we present 2 cases consistent with pyoderma faciale--one of them a 17-year-old adolescent boy--in which gram-negative bacteria were found. enterobacter cloacae was found in one patient, and klebsiella oxytoca was found in the other. needle aspiration is the technique of choice in looking ... | 2002 | 12080943 |
| emerging carbapenemases in gram-negative aerobes. | carbapenemases may be defined as beta-lactamases that significantly hydrolyze at least imipenem or/and meropenem. carbapenemases involved in acquired resistance are of ambler molecular classes a, b, and d. class a, clavulanic acid-inhibited carbapenemases are rare. they are either chromosomally encoded (nmc-a, sme-1 to sme-3, imi-1) in enterobacter cloacae and serratia marcescens, or plasmid encoded, such as kpc-1 in klebsiella pneumoniae and ges-2 in pseudomonas aeruginosa, the latter being a p ... | 2002 | 12084099 |
| bacterial population of a two-phase anaerobic digestion process treating effluent of cassava starch factory. | different groups of microorganisms in a two-phase anaerobic system were enumerated to evaluate the prevalence of specific groups and species. total and fecal coliforms showed similar values both in acidogenic and methanogenic reactors. the fecal streptococci were 4-fold higher in the acidogenic reactor, when compared with those of the methanogenic reactor. as expected, no methane forming or sulfate reducing bacteria were found in the acidogenic reactor. the populations of methanogenic bacteria w ... | 2002 | 12088382 |
| emerging fluoroquinolone-resistance for common clinically important gram-negative bacteria in taiwan. | the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the three most commonly used fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) was measured for 2235 isolates of seven common pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. collected from a major teaching hospital in taiwan during the years 1985-86, 1989-90, and 1996-97, the samples were evaluated using the agar dilution method. the overall susceptibility to fluoroquinolones has decreased rapidly after the wide use of these antimicrobial agents. isolates of e ... | 2002 | 12088622 |
| site-specific recombination-based genetic system for reporting transient or low-level gene expression. | we report here the construction, characterization, and application of a plasmid-based genetic system that reports the expression of a target promoter by effecting an irreversible, heritable change in a bacterial cell. this system confers strong repression of the reporter gene gfp in the absence of target promoter expression and utilizes the site-specific recombination machinery of bacteriophage p22 to trigger high-level reporter gene expression in the original cell and its progeny after target g ... | 2002 | 12089047 |
| fitness of salmonella enterica serovar thompson in the cilantro phyllosphere. | the epiphytic fitness of salmonella enterica was assessed on cilantro plants by using a strain of s. enterica serovar thompson that was linked to an outbreak resulting from cilantro. salmonella serovar thompson had the ability to colonize the surface of cilantro leaves, where it was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) at high densities on the veins and in natural lesions. the population sizes of two common colonizers of plant surfaces, pantoea agglomerans and pseudomonas chloro ... | 2002 | 12089050 |
| cultivation of pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amebas. | free-living amebas are widely distributed in soil and water, particularly members of the genera acanthamoeba and naegleria: since the early 1960s, they have been recognized as opportunistic human pathogens, capable of causing infections of the central nervous system (cns) in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. naegleria is the causal agent of a fulminant cns condition, primary amebic meningoencephalitis; acanthamoeba is responsible for a more chronic and insidious infection of the ... | 2002 | 12097243 |
| a comparison of the performance of cystine lactose electrolyte deficient (cled) agar with oxoid chromogenic urinary tract infection (cuti) medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of organisms from urine. | as part of the uk antimicrobial resistance strategy and action plan, the public health laboratory service (phls) is required to collect antibiotic susceptibility data so that resistance trends and patterns can be monitored. most laboratories report urine gram negative isolates, as "coliforms" according to morphological appearance, but without an acceptable identification system the antimicrobial surveillance data will be meaningless. commercially available identification systems tend to be expen ... | 2002 | 12101200 |
| antigen 43-mediated autotransporter display, a versatile bacterial cell surface presentation system. | antigen 43 (ag43), a self-recognizing outer membrane protein of escherichia coli, has been converted into an efficient and versatile tool for surface display of foreign protein segments. ag43 is an autotransporter protein characterized by the feature that all information required for transport to the outer membrane and secretion through the cell envelope is contained within the protein itself. ag43 consists of two subunits (alpha and beta), where the beta-subunit forms an integral outer membrane ... | 2002 | 12107137 |
| role of the murein precursor udp-n-acetylmuramyl-l-ala-gamma-d-glu-meso-diaminopimelic acid-d-ala-d-ala in repression of beta-lactamase induction in cell division mutants. | certain beta-lactam antibiotics induce the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase of many gram-negative bacteria. the natural inducer, though not yet unequivocally identified, is a cell wall breakdown product which enters the cell via the ampg permease component of the murein recycling pathway. surprisingly, it has been reported that beta-lactamase is not induced by cefoxitin in the absence of ftsz, which is required for cell division, or in the absence of penicillin-binding protein 2 (pbp2), which is ... | 2002 | 12107141 |
| [aortoenteric fistula secondary to aortobifemoral prosthesis infection]. | we present the case of a 76 year-old man, intervened of an obstruction bilateral iliac by means of placement of a prosthesis aortobifemoral that presented pain in the grave left iliac and fever in needles of 39 degrees c to the five years of the intervention. in the physical exploration it highlighted a painful abdomen in the grave left iliac with signs of peritoneal irritation. in the laboratory tests a leukocytosis was detected with neutrophilia and negative culture. the computed thomography ( ... | 2002 | 12108001 |
| peritonitis in acute peritoneal dialysis in a university hospital. | although acute peritoneal dialysis is a useful procedure, peritonitis is often a complication. when the patient is mainly at risk of peritonitis is controversial. the purpose of this study was to find the incidence time of peritonitis, the infecting microorganism, and risk factors. | 2002 | 12118495 |
| characterization of three alternatively spliced isoforms of the rel/nf-kappa b transcription factor relish from the mosquito aedes aegypti. | the rel/nf-kappa b transcription factor relish performs a central role in the acute-phase response to microbial challenge by activating immune antibacterial peptides. we cloned and molecularly characterized the gene homologous to drosophila relish from the mosquito aedes aegypti. unlike drosophila relish, aedes relish has three alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different proteins. first, the predominant aedes relish transcript of 3.9 kb contains both the rel-homology domains and the inh ... | 2002 | 12119421 |
| remarkable substituent effects on antimicrobial activities of 1,3-diorganylimidazolidinium salts. | in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of a series of 25 diazolidinium salts, 1,3-diorganylimidazolidinium (1), together with 1,3-dialkylpyrimidinium (2), were evaluated against standard strains: escherichia coli (atcc 25922), staphylococcus epidermidis (atcc 12228), staphylococcus aureus (atcc 29213), enterococcus faecalis (atcc 29212), enterobacter cloacae (atcc 13047), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 27853) and candida albicans (atcc 10239). selective and effective antibacterial activi ... | 2002 | 12120877 |
| characterization of a novel plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase (cmy-9) and its genetic environment in an escherichia coli clinical isolate. | an escherichia coli strain, hkym68, which showed resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins was isolated from a sputum specimen in japan. the high-level resistance of the strain to ceftazidime, cefpirome, and moxalactam was carried by a self-transferable plasmid. the beta-lactamase gene responsible for the resistance was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence of this gene product, cmy-9, had a single amino acid substitution (e85d), the residue reported to be part of the recogniti ... | 2002 | 12121914 |
| in vitro activities of quinupristin-dalfopristin and cefepime, alone and in combination with various antimicrobials, against multidrug-resistant staphylococci and enterococci in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. | use of combinations of antimicrobials that together achieve synergistic activities against targeted microorganisms is one potential strategy for overcoming bacterial resistance. as the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant staphylococci and enterococci increases, the importance of devising additional synergistic drug combinations for these bacteria is magnified. we evaluated a number of antimicrobial combinations, with a focus on quinupristin-dalfopristin (q-d), cefepime, and lin ... | 2002 | 12121940 |
| but-1: a new member in the chromosomal inducible class c beta-lactamases family from a clinical isolate of buttiauxella sp. | an atypical enterobacteriaceae strain with a beta-lactam susceptibility pattern of inducible cephalosporinase was isolated in tenon hospital (paris, france) from a patient's skull wound infection. identifications by the api-50che biochemical system and 16s rrna gene sequencing concluded that it was a member of the buttiauxella genus. the bla gene was cloned and sequenced. the deduced translated product was a 383-amino acid protein (but-1) with 75-78% identity with the chromosomal ampc beta-lacta ... | 2002 | 12127496 |
| two-electron reduction of quinones by enterobacter cloacae nad(p)h:nitroreductase: quantitative structure-activity relationships. | enterobacter cloacae nad(p)h:nitroreductase (nr; ec 1.6.99.7) catalyzes two-electron reduction of a series of quinoidal compounds according to a "ping-pong" scheme, with marked substrate inhibition by quinones. the steady-state catalytic constants (k(cat)) range from 0.1 to 1600s(-1), and bimolecular rate constants (k(cat)/k(m)) range from 10(3) to 10(8)m(-1)s(-1). quinones, nitroaromatic compounds and competitive to nadh inhibitor dicumarol, quench the flavin mononucleotide (fmn) fluorescence o ... | 2002 | 12139974 |
| urinary tract infections caused by endemic multi-resistant enterobacter cloacae in a dialysis and transplantation unit. | in the period 1994-1998, 42 multi-resistant enterobacter cloacae isolates responsible for urinary tract infections (utis) were obtained from children hospitalized in our dialysis and transplantation unit. e. cloacae isolates obtained between 1994 and 1996 were susceptible to aminoglycosides, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones, whereas e. cloacae isolates obtained between 1997 and 1998 were susceptible to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones, only. all isolates were characterized by use of the polymera ... | 2002 | 12144801 |
| evaluation of a new generation of culture bottle using an automated bacterial culture system for detecting nine common contaminating organisms found in platelet components. | an automated bacterial culture system (bact/alert 3d, biomérieux) has been previously validated with a variety of bacteria in platelets. the recovery of bacteria in platelets using a new generation of culture bottles that do not require venting and that use a liquid emulsion sensor was studied. | 2002 | 12147032 |
| identification, characterization, and regulation of a cluster of genes involved in carbapenem biosynthesis in photorhabdus luminescens. | the luminescent entomopathogenic bacterium photorhabdus luminescens produces several yet-uncharacterized broad-spectrum antibiotics. we report the identification and characterization of a cluster of eight genes (named cpma to cpmh) responsible for the production of a carbapenem-like antibiotic in strain tt01 of p. luminescens. the cpm cluster differs in several crucial aspects from other car operons. the level of cpm mrna peaks during exponential phase and is regulated by a rap/hor homolog ident ... | 2002 | 12147472 |
| role of pseudomonas putida indoleacetic acid in development of the host plant root system. | many plant-associated bacteria synthesize the phytohormone indoleacetic acid (iaa). while iaa produced by phytopathogenic bacteria, mainly by the indoleacetamide pathway, has been implicated in the induction of plant tumors, it is not clear whether iaa synthesized by beneficial bacteria, usually via the indolepyruvic acid pathway, is involved in plant growth promotion. to determine whether bacterial iaa enhances root development in host plants, the ipdc gene that encodes indolepyruvate decarboxy ... | 2002 | 12147474 |
| biodiversity of denitrifying and dinitrogen-fixing bacteria in an acid forest soil. | isolated soil dna from an oak-hornbeam forest close to cologne, germany, was suitable for pcr amplification of gene segments coding for the 16s rrna and nitrogenase reductase (nifh), nitrous oxide reductase (nosz), cytochrome cd(1)-containing nitrite reductase (nirs), and cu-containing nitrite reductase (nirk) of denitrification. for each gene segment, diverse pcr products were characterized by cloning and sequencing. none of the 16s rrna gene sequences was identical to any deposited in the data ... | 2002 | 12147477 |
| sodium dodecyl sulfate hypersensitivity of clpp and clpb mutants of escherichia coli. | we studied the hypersensitivity of clpp and clpb mutants of escherichia coli to sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). both wild-type e. coli mc4100 and lon mutants grew in the presence of 10% sds, whereas isogenic clpp and clpb single mutants could not grow above 0.5% sds and clpa and clpx single mutants could not grow above 5.0% sds. for wild-type e. coli, cellular clpp levels as determined by western immunoblot analysis increased ca. sixfold as the levels of added sds increased from 0 to 2%. capsular ... | 2002 | 12147516 |
| phylogenetic analysis of salmonella, shigella, and escherichia coli strains on the basis of the gyrb gene sequence. | phylogenetic analysis of about 200 strains of salmonella, shigella, and escherichia coli was carried out using the nucleotide sequence of the gene for dna gyrase b (gyrb), which was determined by directly sequencing pcr fragments. the results establish a new phylogenetic tree for the classification of salmonella, shigella, and escherichia coli in which salmonella forms a cluster separate from but closely related to shigella and e. coli. in comparison with 16s rrna analysis, the gyrb sequences in ... | 2002 | 12149329 |
| rapid detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococci from blood culture bottles by using a multiplex pcr assay. | rapid detection and accurate identification of methicillin-resistant staphylococci are critical for the effective management of infections caused by these organisms. we describe a multiplex pcr-based assay for the direct detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococci from blood culture bottles (bact/alert; organon-teknika, durham, n.c.). a simple lysis method followed by a multiplex pcr assay designed to detect the nuc, meca, and bacterial 16s rrna genes was performed. a total of 306 blood cul ... | 2002 | 12149330 |
| fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism probabilistic database for identification of bacterial isolates from urinary tract infections. | the ability of the fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp) technique to identify bacterial isolates from urinary tract infections (utis) was investigated. faflp was carried out using the single primer combination msei plus ct and ecori plus 0, and information-rich faflp profiles were generated from all 69 uti isolates studied, which comprised both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria encompassing eight genera. the genetic relatedness of these 69 bacteria was determined by ... | 2002 | 12149332 |
| diagnosis of community-acquired pertussis infection: comparison of both culture and fluorescent-antibody assays with pcr detection using electrophoresis or dot blot hybridization. | diagnosis of bordetella pertussis infection has been difficult due to the low sensitivity of culture. pcr tests have been shown to be more sensitive than culture, but the reported sensitivity of pcr is variable. we evaluated pcr product detection by using either agarose gel electrophoresis (pcr-gel) or dot blot hybridization with (32)p-labeled oligonucleotide probes, and we compared these methods to both culture and direct fluorescent-antibody (dfa) assays with microscopy for the detection of pe ... | 2002 | 12149350 |
| presence of integron-associated resistance in the community is widespread and contributes to multidrug resistance in the hospital. | integrons are strongly associated with the multidrug resistance seen in gram-negative bacilli in the hospital environment. no data, however, are available on their prevalence in the community. this study is the first to show that integrons are widespread in enterobacteriaceae in the community and that integron-associated resistance genes in the community constitute a substantial reservoir for multidrug resistance in the hospital. | 2002 | 12149373 |
| relationship between coliform culturability and organic matter in low nutritive waters. | the objective of this work was to investigate the behaviour of coliform bacteria in specific low nutritive waters conveying organic fractions from different origin of which an unknown part is likely to pass through the treatment barrier. for this purpose, we studied the growth (microscopic counting) and the culturability (count on nutritive medium) of ten coliform bacteria species as a function of the amount of organic matter in a river water collected after a period of heavy rain and in an alga ... | 2002 | 12153029 |
| acidification of formula with citric acid is equally effective and better tolerated than acidification with hydrochloric acid. | to determine whether acidification of formula with citric acid is equally protective against bacterial translocation and gut colonization but better tolerated than acidification with hydrochloric acid in neonatal rabbits. | 2002 | 12163779 |
| the resistance mechanisms of b-lactam antimicrobials in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii. | despite increasing importance of acinetobacter baumannii in nosocomial infections and rapid development of multi-antimicrobial resistance in this strain, the resistance mechanisms of beta-lactam antimicrobials in a. baumannii were not clearly defined. in order to observe the resistance mechanisms against beta-lactams and carbapenem, we characterized the production of beta-lactamases and outermembrane protein (omp) profiles for the 44 clinical isolates of a. baumannii. | 2002 | 12164097 |
| microbiology of acute otitis externa. | to isolate and characterize bacteria and fungi from acute otitis externa (aoe) and to obtain susceptibility profiles on each bacterial isolate. | 2002 | 12169893 |
| legionnaires disease with bacteremic coinfection. | we describe 6 patients who had bacteremic community-acquired pneumonia and unsuspected legionella pneumophila coinfection. we reviewed case records of patients who were diagnosed as having a recent legionella infection on the basis of either the presence of l. pneumophila serogroup 1 antigen in urine or a 4-fold increase in l. pneumophila antibody level and with a blood culture that yielded a bacterium other than l. pneumophila. three patients were diagnosed with legionellosis on the basis of th ... | 2002 | 12173126 |
| interaction of bacterial toxin with leukocytes measured by flow cytometry. | enterobacter cloacae toxin was purified in the form of monomer and polymer. both forms stimulated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) at sublytic concentration; the oxidative stress produced was studied by using chemiluminescence (cl). the alteration generated caused death of leukocytes, especially at high toxin concentration. polymeric toxin produced more oxidative stress than the monomeric one. cytometry allowed the detection of more toxin binding to neutrophils rather than to mono ... | 2002 | 12177737 |
| detection of proteobacteria from the rumen by pcr using methanotroph-specific primers. | to detect proteobacteria, including methanotrophs, from the rumen fluid and the bacteria inhabiting the rumen epithelium. | 2002 | 12180951 |
| mutation of rpia in enterobacter cloacae decreases seed and root colonization and biocontrol of damping-off caused by pythium ultimum on cucumber. | strains of enterobacter cloacae show promise as biocontrol agents for pythium ultimum-induced damping-off on cucumber and other crops. e. cloacae a145 is a mini-tn5 km transposon mutant of strain 501r3 that was significantly reduced in suppression of damping-off on cucumber caused by p. ultimum. strain a145 was deficient in colonization of cucumber, sunflower, and wheat seeds and significantly reduced in colonization of corn and cowpea seeds relative to strain 501r3. populations of strain a145 w ... | 2002 | 12182339 |
| identification of bacteria in drinking and purified water during the monitoring of a typical water purification system. | a typical purification system that provides purified water which meets ionic and organic chemical standards, must be protected from microbial proliferation to minimize cross-contamination for use in cleaning and preparations in pharmaceutical industries and in health environments. | 2002 | 12182763 |
| method for estimation of low outer membrane permeability to beta-lactam antibiotics. | the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria plays a major role in beta-lactam resistance as it slows down antibiotic entry into the periplasm and therefore acts in synergy with beta-lactamases and efflux systems. up to now, the quantitative estimation of low outer membrane permeability by the method of zimmermann and rosselet was difficult because of the secreted and cell surface-associated beta-lactamases. the method presented here uses the acylation of a highly sensitive periplasmic penicilli ... | 2002 | 12183245 |
| beta-lactamases of kluyvera ascorbata, probable progenitors of some plasmid-encoded ctx-m types. | kluyvera ascorbata produces a beta-lactamase that results in an atypical susceptibility pattern, including low-level resistance to penicillins, cephalothin, and cefuroxime, but this resistance is reversed by clavulanate. ten nucleotide sequences of the corresponding gene, bla(klua), were obtained and were found to have minor variations (96 to 100%). otherwise, bla(klua) was found to be similar (95 to 100%) to some plasmid-encoded ctx-m-type beta-lactamases. finally, mobilization of bla(klua) on ... | 2002 | 12183268 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of dw286, a new fluoronaphthyridone antibiotic. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of dw286, a novel fluoronaphthyridone with potent antibacterial activity, were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin. against gram-positive bacteria, such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and enterococcus faecalis, the in vitro activity of dw286 was stronger than that of any other reference antibiotic. against gram-negative bacteria, the activity of dw286 was similar t ... | 2002 | 12183275 |
| efficacy of handrubbing with alcohol based solution versus standard handwashing with antiseptic soap: randomised clinical trial. | to compare the efficacy of handrubbing with an alcohol based solution versus conventional handwashing with antiseptic soap in reducing hand contamination during routine patient care. | 2002 | 12183307 |
| prba, a gene coding for an esterase hydrolyzing parabens in enterobacter cloacae and enterobacter gergoviae strains. | the new gene prba encodes an esterase responsible for the hydrolysis of the ester bond of parabens in enterobacter cloacae strain em. this gene is located on the chromosome of strain em and was cloned by several pcr approaches. the prba gene codes for an immature protein of 533 amino acids, the first 31 of which represent a proposed signal peptide yielding a mature protein of a putative molecular mass of 54.6 kda. this enzyme presents analogies with other type b carboxylesterases, mainly of euka ... | 2002 | 12193616 |
| amplification of the tetracycline resistance determinant of pamalpha1 in enterococcus faecalis requires a site-specific recombination event involving relaxase. | the small multicopy plasmid pamalpha1 (9.75 kb) encoding tetracycline resistance in enterococcus faecalis is known to generate tandem repeats of a 4.1-kb segment carrying tet(l) when cells are grown extensively in the presence of tetracycline. here we show that the initial (rate-limiting) step involves a site-specific recombination event involving plasmid-encoded relaxase activity acting at two recombination sequences (rs1 and rs2) that flank the tet determinant. we also present the complete nuc ... | 2002 | 12193637 |
| antimicrobial resistance of bacterial organisms isolated from rats. | to determine if antimicrobial resistance occurs in various bacterial species isolated from rats. | 2001 | 12199446 |
| genotypic diversity of clinical actinomyces species: phenotype, source, and disease correlation among genospecies. | we determined the frequency distribution of actinomyces spp. recovered in a routine clinical laboratory and investigated the clinical significance of accurate identification to the species level. we identified 92 clinical strains of actinomyces, including 13 strains in the related arcanobacterium-actinobaculum taxon, by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and recorded their biotypes, sources, and disease associations. the clinical isolates clustered into 21 genogroups. twelve genogroups (74 strains) ... | 2002 | 12202591 |
| rate, risk factors, and outcomes of nosocomial primary bloodstream infection in pediatric intensive care unit patients. | the objective of this study was to determine the rate, risk factors, and outcomes of nosocomial primary bloodstream infection in pediatric intensive care unit (picu) patients. | 2002 | 12205248 |
| purification, substrate range, and metal center of atzc: the n-isopropylammelide aminohydrolase involved in bacterial atrazine metabolism. | n-isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolase, atzc, the third enzyme in the atrazine degradation pathway in pseudomonas sp. strain adp, catalyzes the stoichiometric hydrolysis of n-isopropylammelide to cyanuric acid and isopropylamine. the atzc gene was cloned downstream of the tac promoter and expressed in escherichia coli, where the expressed enzyme comprised 36% of the soluble protein. atzc was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and phenyl column chromatography. it has a ... | 2002 | 12218024 |
| dynamic diversity of the tryptophan pathway in chlamydiae: reductive evolution and a novel operon for tryptophan recapture. | complete genomic sequences of closely related organisms, such as the chlamydiae, afford the opportunity to assess significant strain differences against a background of many shared characteristics. the chlamydiae are ubiquitous intracellular parasites that are important pathogens of humans and other organisms. tryptophan limitation caused by production of interferon-gamma by the host and subsequent induction of indoleamine dioxygenase is a key aspect of the host-parasite interaction. it appears ... | 2002 | 12225590 |
| measurement of endotoxin activity in critically ill patients using whole blood neutrophil dependent chemiluminescence. | lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria is a potent trigger for the release of host-derived inflammatory mediators. the relationship between endotoxaemia, gram-negative infection and the clinical syndrome of sepsis has been difficult to establish, in part because of the limitations of available endotoxin assays. | 2002 | 12225611 |
| expression of the c5a receptor (cd88) on granulocytes and monocytes in patients with severe sepsis. | treatment of patients with severe sepsis with agents antagonising the effects of c5a has been proposed based on beneficial effects in animal experiments and in vitro studies demonstrating upregulation of the c5a receptor (cd88) on granulocytes by endotoxin. | 2002 | 12225614 |
| impact of previous use of antibiotics on development of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in patients with enterobacter bacteremia. | this retrospective study was conducted to determine the risk factors for resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs) and to examine the influence of previous use of an aminoglycoside with an esc on resistance to escs in patients with enterobacter bacteremia from january 1991 through december 2000. a total of 423 episodes of enterobacter bacteremia among 414 patients were documented during the 10-year study period. three hundred thirty-two (78%) isolates were enterobacter cloacae, 72 (1 ... | 2002 | 12226687 |
| identification of a streptolysin s-associated gene cluster and its role in the pathogenesis of streptococcus iniae disease. | streptococcus iniae causes meningoencephalitis and death in cultured fish species and soft-tissue infection in humans. we recently reported that s. iniae is responsible for local tissue necrosis and bacteremia in a murine subcutaneous infection model. the ability to cause bacteremia in this model is associated with a genetic profile unique to strains responsible for disease in fish and humans (j. d. fuller, d. j. bast, v. nizet, d. e. low, and j. c. s. de azavedo, infect. immun. 69:1994-2000, 20 ... | 2002 | 12228303 |
| discovery of a novel and potent class of fabi-directed antibacterial agents. | bacterial enoyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) reductase (fabi) catalyzes the final step in each elongation cycle of bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis and is an attractive target for the development of new antibacterial agents. high-throughput screening of the staphylococcus aureus fabi enzyme identified a novel, weak inhibitor with no detectable antibacterial activity against s. aureus. iterative medicinal chemistry and x-ray crystal structure-based design led to the identification of compound 4 [( ... | 2002 | 12234833 |
| inducible ampc beta-lactamase of a new member enterobacteriaceae. | extensive biochemical testing and 16s rrna and rpob sequence analysis revealed that clinical strain cf01ent1, initially identified as buttiauxella agrestis by the use of api 32 biochemical strips, is a new organism in the enterobacteriaceae family. it produced an inducible ampc-type beta-lactamase whose sequence shares 69 to 72% identity with those of the other ampc-type beta-lactamases of enterobacteriaceae: this enzyme exhibits an atypical high affinity for all beta-lactams tested. | 2002 | 12234870 |
| structural requirements of the mrna for intracistronic translation initiation of the enterobacterial infb gene. | the gene infb encodes the prokaryotic translation initiation factor if2, a central macromolecular component in the formation of the ribosomal 70s initiation complex. in escherichia coli, infb encodes three forms of if2: if2alpha, if2beta and if2gamma. the expression of if2beta and if2gamma is a tandem translation from intact infb mrna and not merely a translation of post-transcriptionally truncated mrna. the molecular mechanism responsible for the ribosomal recognition of the two intracistronic ... | 2002 | 12296821 |
| biodegradation, biotransformation, and biocatalysis (b3). | 2002 | 12324310 | |
| diversity of endophytic bacterial populations and their interaction with xylella fastidiosa in citrus plants. | citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc) is caused by xylella fastidiosa, a phytopathogenic bacterium that can infect all citrus sinensis cultivars. the endophytic bacterial communities of healthy, resistant, and cvc-affected citrus plants were studied by using cultivation as well as cultivation-independent techniques. the endophytic communities were assessed in surface-disinfected citrus branches by plating and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). dominant isolates were characterized by fat ... | 2002 | 12324338 |
| rapid and sensitive enumeration of viable diluted cells of members of the family enterobacteriaceae in freshwater and drinking water. | water quality assessment involves the specific, sensitive, and rapid detection of bacterial indicators and pathogens in water samples, including viable but nonculturable (vbnc) cells. this work evaluates the specificity and sensitivity of a new method which combines a fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) approach with a physiological assay (direct viable count [dvc]) for the direct enumeration, at the single-cell level, of highly diluted viable cells of members of the family enterobacteriace ... | 2002 | 12324357 |
| metallo-beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates in a university hospital in taiwan: prevalence of imp-8 in enterobacter cloacae and first identification of vim-2 in citrobacter freundii. | a total of 9082 clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae other than klebsiella spp. collected in 1999 and 2000 at a university hospital in taiwan were investigated for the production of metallo- beta-lactamases (mbls). thirty-six (2.9%) of the 1261 enterobacter cloacae isolates and one (0.3%) of the 340 citrobacter freundii isolates were found to carry bla(imp-8) and bla(vim-2), respectively, by colony hybridization, pcr and sequence analysis. the imp-8 producers were recovered from 20 patients a ... | 2002 | 12356794 |
| enterobacter cloacae infection and colonization in a neonatal intensive care unit. | 2002 | 12372331 |