Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| use of recombinase gene fusions to identify vibrio cholerae genes induced during infection. | a complete understanding of host-parasite interactions must necessarily include the identification and characterization of gene products expressed by both parties during the infectious process. we have developed a new screen to identify bacterial genes that are transcriptionally induced during infection of a host animal. the method is based on pre-selection of strains carrying tnpr operon fusions (encoding resolvase, a site-specific dna recombinase) which are not expressed in vitro, followed by ... | 1995 | 8817490 |
| specific serological response by active immunization with gd3-bearing liposomes. | gd3 is the most prominent ganglioside on the surface of human melanoma cells, and therefore it has been considered by several investigators as a potential tool for active immunotherapy of melanoma. the main obstacle to this goal is that gd3 is poorly immunogenic in mice and in humans. several approaches have been described for increasing the gd3 immunogenicity. here, the immunogenicity of gd3 ganglioside was investigated by vaccination of balb/c x c57b1/6 f1 mice with several types of gd3-bearin ... | 1996 | 8819493 |
| adaptation of a conjugal transfer system for the export of pathogenic macromolecules. | conjugal transfer of bacterial plasmids requires a pore through which dna can traverse the envelopes of the donor and recipient cells. recent studies indicate that these pores, which are composed of approximately ten proteins, are evolutionarily related to the transport systems required for the transfer of oncogenic t-dna from agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells and for toxin secretion from bordetella pertussis. | 1996 | 8820569 |
| the identification, cloning and mutagenesis of a genetic locus required for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (lps) is biologically active, being both toxic and immunogenic. using transposon mutagenesis we have identified a genetic locus required for the biosynthesis of lps in b. pertussis, which has been cloned and sequenced. we have also identified equivalent loci in bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis and cloned part of it from b. parapertussis. the amino acid sequences derived from most of the genes present in the sequenced b. pertussis locu ... | 1996 | 8821935 |
| amino-terminal maturation of the bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin. | the 220 kda filamentous haemagglutinin (fha) is a major adhesin of bordetella pertussis and is produced from a large precursor designated fhab. although partly surface associated, it is also very efficiently secreted into the extracellular milieu. its secretion depends on the outer membrane accessory protein fhac. an 80 kda n-terminal derivative of fha, named fha44, can also be very efficiently secreted in a fhac-dependent manner, indicating that all necessary secretion signals are localized in ... | 1996 | 8821937 |
| [epidemiology of pertussis and studies on culture positive pertussis cases in japan]. | the number of pertussis patients has decreased steadily in the late 1960s and was extremely small in early 1970s. during 1973-74 the first national survey on pertussis cases confirmed by culture was conducted, when whole cell pertussis vaccine was used. the study revealed that 33.3% of culture positive cases had 2-4 doses of dt combined with whole cell pertussis vaccine. acellular pertussis vaccine was introduced in 1981 and for the last several years the number of pertussis patients became low ... | 1996 | 8822050 |
| effect of inactivated poliovirus vaccine on the antibody response to bordetella pertussis antigens when combined with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine. | to determine if inactivated poliovirus vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis vaccine interferes with the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccine, we performed a randomized trial of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine combined with inactivated poliovirus vaccine given as a single injection or as two separate injections at the same visit to infants immunized at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. a total of 84 infants were enrolled in the study; 44 recei ... | 1996 | 8824967 |
| helicobacter pylori picb, a homologue of the bordetella pertussis toxin secretion protein, is required for induction of il-8 in gastric epithelial cells. | approximately 60% of helicobacter pylori strains are caga+ and this genotype is more frequently associated with duodenal ulcer disease. although most wild-type caga+ strains are both cytotoxigenic and induce enhanced interleukin-8 (il-8) secretion in gastric epithelial cells, isogenic caga- mutants retain full activity in these assays; thus, caga appears to be a marker of enhanced virulence. delineation of the nucleotide sequence of a 4 kb region upstream of caga allowed the identification of 96 ... | 1995 | 8825091 |
| quantitation of adenylate cyclase of bordetella pertussis by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. | bordetella pertussis produces extracytoplasmic adenylate cyclase toxin (ac) which has received considerable attention as a potential vaccine candidate. great interest from laboratories involved in production, purification and quality control of acellular pertussis vaccine is focused on finding an appropriate technique for rapid and accurate quantitation of ac antigen. in this paper a competitive elisa is proposed. a polystyrene microplate coated with purified ac was incubated with the sample to ... | 1995 | 8825856 |
| polymerase chain reaction for the identification of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis dna in clinical samples was well documented by recent studies. different regions in bordetella pertussis dna have been successfully used as targets for this method by various authors. in this work we report the usefulness of the pcr assay also for speciating bordetellae isolates in those cases where the biochemical and serological tests gave inconclusive results. | 1996 | 8831033 |
| bordetella pertussis infections and sudden unexpected deaths in children. | from december 1990 to november 1993 nasopharyngeal specimens were obtained for culture from 50 children (mean 4.9 +/- 3.3 months of age) who had died suddenly. bordetella pertussis was not isolated. subsequently, nasopharyngeal specimens for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis were obtained from another 51 victims of sudden death (mean 5.4 +/- 4.4 months of age); nine (18%) were b. pertussis positive. conclusion: our findings support previous epidemiological studies which noted an associati ... | 1996 | 8831076 |
| comparative dna analysis of bordetella pertussis clinical isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, randomly amplified polymorphism dna, and eric polymerase chain reaction. | we used dna fingerprinting by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and pcr amplification of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences (eric-pcr) to compare 15 clinical isolates of bordetella pertussis recovered between august 1993 and september 1995 from 13 infants and two adults, living in the same geographic area. pfge produced 10 patterns and made it possible to differentiate all the isolates and to indicate an intrafamilial transm ... | 1996 | 8837464 |
| [virulence factors of bordetella pertussis]. | 1996 | 8840806 | |
| a cellular pertussis vaccine (infanrix-dtpa; sb-3). a review of its immunogenicity, protective efficacy and tolerability in the prevention of bordetella pertussis infection. | sb-3 (infanrix-dtpa) is one of a new generation of vaccines for immunisation against pertussis (whooping cough), diphtheria and tetanus. it is a 3-component (pertussis toxin, filamentous haemagglutinin and pertactin) chemically inactivated acellular pertussis pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus toxoid (dtap) vaccine, and it differs from conventional whole-cell pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus toxoid (dtwp) vaccines in that it comprises inactivated purified bordetella pertussis antigens rather than whole ce ... | 1996 | 8841742 |
| interleukin-1 beta stimulation of 45ca2+ release from rat striatal slices. | 1. previous observations that centrally injected interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) into rabbits induces a sustained rise in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]) as well as fever, prompted us to undertake an in vitro study to corroborate the in vivo results and gain insight as to the source and mechanism of il-1 beta-induced ca2+ mobilization. 2.il-1 beta treatment of rat striatal slices preloaded with 45ca2+ elicited a rise in spontaneous 45ca2+ release which was dose-dependent, de ... | 1996 | 8842435 |
| effects of recombinant murine (rm) interleukin-12 and rm interferon-gamma in mice infected with bordetella pertussis. | the recombinant cytokines interferon (ifn)-gamma and interleukin (il)-12 stimulate several macrophage-mediated functions that are important in host defense. an experimental pertussis model showed that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 10,000 u of recombinant murine (rm) ifn-gamma to mice at the time of bordetella pertussis infection caused a marked and significant reduction in the number of colony-forming units of bacteria in the lungs. administration i.p. of 1 microgram of rmil-12 or 1 m ... | 1996 | 8843217 |
| cross-section seroepidemiology of bordetella pertussis. | 1996 | 8843241 | |
| resident and infiltrating immune cells in the uveal tract in the early and late stages of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | to investigate the dynamics of resident and infiltrating immune cells in the choroid and iris during the early and late stages of experimental autoimmune uveitis (eau) in lewis rats. | 1996 | 8843906 |
| [cytolysins and homologous proteins produced by gram-negative bacteria. i. hemolysis and leukotoxins of escherichia coli, bordetella pertussis, pasteurella haemolytica and actinobacillus sp]. | cytolysins produced by gram-negative bacteria belong to the pore forming bacterial proteins. a branch of these toxins represents rtx family of proteins. the rtx (repeats in toxin) family name has been proposed based on the common presence of tandem copies of a nine-amino acid repeat (l-x-g-g-x-g-(n/d)-d-x). the paper presents the genetics, synthesis, secretion and cytolytic activity of these toxins. | 1996 | 8848425 |
| [monitoring of a whooping cough epidemic 1994/95 in switzerland using the sentinel notification system. sentinella registry]. | since june 1991 pertussis cases have been reported in the swiss sentinel network (sentinella). a total of 150-200 general practitioners, physicians specialized in internal medicine, and pediatricians participate in this system on a voluntary basis. of the three specialties involved, this non-randomized sample represents 3.0%-3.5% of all physicians registered in switzerland. the objective of this surveillance system is to monitor clinical pertussis over time. the case definition included all pati ... | 1996 | 8848704 |
| susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis strains to antimicrobial peptides. | we examined the susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis strains to several antimicrobial peptides by determining the concentration required to inhibit or kill 50% of the bacterial population. the peptides are ranked in decreasing potency as follows: cecropin b > cecropin a >> melittin > cecropin p1 > (ala8,13,18)-magainin ii amide > mastoparan = defensin hnp1 > protamine > or = magainin ii = magainin i. by using a radial diffusion assay to compare susceptibilities between strains, wild-type b. ... | 1996 | 8849226 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis to four fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, d-ofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin), cefpirome, and meropenem. | the in vitro activities of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, d-ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefpirome, and meropenem against 34 clinical isolates each of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis were determined by agar dilution on mueller-hinton agar supplemented with 5% horse blood. levofloxacin was as active as ciprofloxacin against both species (mic, 0.06 microgram/ml) and more active than ofloxacin and d-ofloxacin. cefpirome was more active against b. pertussis (mic, 1.0 microgram/ml) than agai ... | 1996 | 8851619 |
| diagnosis of whooping cough: a new era with rapid molecular diagnostics. | a rapid diagnostic procedure, which is based upon the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) genetic amplification technology, was utilized to establish the presence of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal washes from children. overall, 14.7% of 456 specimens were positive by either culture or the rapid assay. culture and pcr were concordant for 62.7% of positive samples; pcr provided an additional increment of 37.3%. pcr-positive, culture-negative specimens were more likely to be found among older p ... | 1996 | 8859915 |
| transfer of a pertussis toxin expression locus to isogenic bvg-positive and bvg-negative strains of bordetella bronchiseptica using an in vivo technique. | bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a contagious childhood respiratory disease, increasing public concern over the safety of current whole-cell vaccines has led to decreased immunization rates and a subsequent increase in the incidence of the disease. the preparation of safer vaccines is at present concentrated on the production of detoxified virulence factors such as pertussis toxin (pt) for inclusion in acellular vaccine preparations. a permanently avirulent bordetel ... | 1996 | 8861392 |
| bordetella trematum sp. nov., isolated from wounds and ear infections in humans, and reassessment of alcaligenes denitrificans rüger and tan 1983. | ten strains recognized on the basis of a computer-assisted numerical comparison of whole-cell protein patterns as members of a novel species belonging to the family alcaligenaceae were examined by using an integrated phenotypic and genotypic approach. this species, for which we propose the name bordetella trematum sp. nov., was more closely related to the type species of the genus bordetella (bordetella pertussis) than to the type species of the genus alcaligenes (alcaligenes faecalis) and had t ... | 1996 | 8863408 |
| differential binding of bvga to two classes of virulence genes of bordetella pertussis directs promoter selectivity by rna polymerase. | transcription of virulence genes of bordetella pertussis is co-ordinately regulated by the bvga and bvgs proteins, which are members of the two-component family of bacterial signal-transduction proteins. bvgs is the transmembrane sensor and bvga the transcriptional regulator. by gel mobility shift assays we demonstrate that phosphorylated bvga (bvga approximately p) forms distinct complexes with the filamentous haemagglutinin (pfha) promoter dna at different bvga approximately p: dna ratios. dna ... | 1996 | 8866479 |
| pertussis antigens that abrogate bacterial adherence and elicit immunity. | infectious disease processes follow the initial steps of adherence of the organism to host tissues and subsequent colonization of the target tissues that can occur through specific adhesion-receptor systems. bordetella pertussis, the human pathogen that causes whooping cough, has evolved a genetically controlled system whereby adhesins are expressed when they enter the human host. two adhesins, filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) and pertactin, mediate the adherence of the bacterium to eukaryotic ce ... | 1996 | 8876533 |
| autotoxicity of nitric oxide in airway disease. | though nitric oxide (no) plays a role in many normal pulmonary functions and is involved in inflammatory and immune responses, it also has cytopathologic potential if not tightly controlled. in bordetella pertussis infection, no mediates the respiratory epithelial pathology that is a hallmark of the pertussis syndrome. tracheal cytotoxin (tct) released by b. pertussis triggers the production of an inducible no synthase (inos) within tracheal epithelial cells, which produce the no ultimately resp ... | 1996 | 8876543 |
| a causal relationship between bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis infections. | bordetella parapertussis is isolated during the late stages of pertussis outbreaks and occasionally from patients infected with pertussis. the relationship between bordetella pertussis and b. parapertussis was investigated in mice with monoinfections and mixed infections. four groups of 10 2-week-old suckling mice were studied: mice born to mice vaccinated against pertussis during pregnancy and unvaccinated controls consequently did and did not receive antipertussis toxin (pt) antibody transcolo ... | 1996 | 8893402 |
| transfer of thyroiditis, with syngeneic spleen cells sensitized with the human thyrotropin receptor, to naive balb/c and nod mice. | in previous studies we have induced tsh binding-inhibiting igs and thyroiditis in balb/c mice and thyroiditis alone in nod mice immunized with the extracellular domain of the human tsh receptor produced as a maltose-binding protein fusion in bacteria (mbp-ecd). in this study, our aim was to determine whether thyroiditis can be transferred to syngeneic naive recipients with in vivo and in vitro primed spleen cells. groups of 6-week-old female balb/c and nod mice were immunized ip with mbp-ecd in ... | 1996 | 8895327 |
| historical review of pertussis and the classical vaccine. | pertussis is an epidemic disease caused by bordetella pertussis and also to a lesser extent by bordetella parapertussis. classical illness lasts 4-8 weeks and is characterized by paroxysms of coughing with posttussive vomiting and whooping; however, 47.4% of primary infections last 4 weeks or less. whole cell pertussis vaccines are generally highly efficacious. all whole cell vaccines are reactogenic, causing fever and local reactions in many vaccinees. in the past, these vaccines were thought t ... | 1996 | 8896526 |
| multiplex pcr-based assay for detection of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. | a multiplex pcr-based assay was developed for the detection of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. the assay simultaneously amplified two separate dna targets (153 and 203 bp) within a b. pertussis repetitive element and a 438-bp target within the beta-actin gene of human dna (pcr amplification control). pcr products were detected by a sensitive and specific liquid hybridization gel retardation assay. a total of 496 paired nasopharyngeal swab specimens were tested by both the ... | 1996 | 8897157 |
| adp-ribosylation of g alpha i and g alpha o in pituitary cells enhances their recognition by antibodies directed against their carboxyl termini. | using antibodies raised against synthetic peptides of heterotrimeric gtp binding proteins, we demonstrate the presence of g alpha s, g alpha i1,2, g alpha i3, g alpha o2, and g beta subunits in pituitary cells. pretreatment of pituitary cells with cholera toxin diminished the immunoreactivity of g alpha s and this decrease was kinetically coupled to the rate of g alpha s adp-ribosylation. adp-ribosylation by islet activating protein (iap or bordetella pertussis toxin) of g alpha i and g alpha o ... | 1996 | 8897310 |
| 1,25(oh)2-vitamin d3 stimulation of phospholipases c and d in muscle cells involves extracellular calcium and a pertussis-sensitive g protein. | the steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [1,25(oh)2d3] activates in chick myoblasts the breakdown of phosphoinositides by phospholipase c and the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase d. extracellular ca2+ requirement and gtp-binding protein mediation of 1,25(oh)2d3-dependent activation of phospholipases c and d were investigated in cells prelabelled with [3h]glycerol or [3h]arachidonic acid. generation of diacylglycerol by phospholipase c and phosphatidylethanol by phospholipas ... | 1996 | 8902851 |
| treatment of acute bronchitis in adults without underlying lung disease. | to determine whether antibiotic and bronchodilator treatment of acute bronchitis in patients without lung disease is efficacious. | 1996 | 8905509 |
| stimulating properties of 5-oxo-eicosanoids for human monocytes: synergism with monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and -3. | the newly described products of 5-hydroxyeicosanoid dehydrogenase, 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (ete) and 5-oxo-15(oh)ete, induced directional migration and actin polymerization of human monocytes in vitro. at peak concentrations, the two eicosanoids had a chemotactic activity of about 40% of that observed in the presence of an optimal concentration of fmlp and twice the activity elicited by the related eicosanoid 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-hete). 15-oxo-ete showed a v ... | 1996 | 8906847 |
| collaborative study for the evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays used to measure human antibodies to bordetella pertussis antigens. | acellular pertussis vaccines are being evaluated in multiple clinical studies, and human immunogenicity data will likely be pivotal in the appraisal of vaccine responses between populations and the responses to different vaccine combinations. antibody response to pertussis antigens is also used in the diagnosis of pertussis. an international study was designed to assess the comparability of data generated in different laboratories by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). thirty-three part ... | 1996 | 8914760 |
| heterogeneity of drug susceptibility of mouse active anaphylactic shock. | to determine the main mediators for mouse anaphylactic shock, the suppression of active anaphylactic shock by cyproheptadine, an antagonist of histamine/serotonin, and cv-6209, an antagonist of platelet-activating factor (paf), was systematically evaluated using various mouse strains. the suppression was quite heterogeneic depending on the mouse strain and method for sensitization. when sensitization was done with bovine serum albumin (bsa) plus bordetella pertussis organisms, anaphylactic shock ... | 1996 | 8915680 |
| efficacy of short-term treatment of pertussis with clarithromycin and azithromycin. | the recommended treatment for pertussis is erythromycin, 40 to 50 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks. the newly developed macrolides, clarithromycin and azithromycin, have been demonstrated to be superior to erythromycin because of improved absorption and a longer half-life. as a result, we conducted two separate comparison studies to evaluate the efficacies of clarithromycin, 10 mg/kg per day, twice a day for 7 days, and azithromycin, 10 mg/kg per day, once a day for 5 days, compared with the standard e ... | 1996 | 8917247 |
| pertussis, pertussis vaccine, and care of exposed persons. | pertussis is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by bordetella pertussis. before routine vaccination against pertussis was available, most persons were infected during childhood. after widespread vaccination, however, the incidence of pertussis in the united states dropped by more than 95 percent, though localized outbreaks continue to occur. | 1996 | 8923401 |
| analysis of proteins encoded by the ptx and ptl genes of bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis. | bordetella pertussis is the only bacteria] species which is known to produce pertussis toxin (pt); however, both bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis contain regions homologous to the ptx genes of b. pertussis that encode the toxin subunits. after finding that several children with b. parapertussis infections exhibited modest antibody titers to pt, we examined the ptx genes of both b. parapertussis and b. bronchiseptica to determine whether they would encode stable, functional ... | 1996 | 8926063 |
| [antimicrobial activities of clarithromycin against clinical isolates]. | to examine the antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin (cam) against strains clinically isolated from outpatients in 1994, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for cam and the control drugs. the results were as follows; 1. mic50 and mic90 of cam were similar to those investigated in 1980's against many bacterial species. 2. cam showed strong antimicrobial activities against beta-lactamase producing moraxella subgenus branhamella catarrhalis, bordetella pertussis, campylobact ... | 1996 | 8935125 |
| tetrameric repeat units associated with virulence factor phase variation in haemophilus also occur in neisseria spp. and moraxella catarrhalis. | the tetrameric repeat units 5'-caat-3' and 5'-gcaa-3' are associated with phase variable expression of lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes in haemophilus influenzae. four other tetrameric repeat units have also been reported from h. influenzae strain rd, 5'-caac-3', 5'-gaca-3', 5'-agct-3', and 5'-ttta-3', which are also associated with putative virulence factors. using oligonucleotide probes corresponding to five tandem copies of each of these tetramers, we have screened three strains of neiss ... | 1996 | 8935664 |
| epitopes of bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharides as potential markers for typing of isolates with monoclonal antibodies. | three hybridomas (p1p3, d7 and 60.5) producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (lps) were established. all reacted with the lps from a typical, vaccine strain of b. pertussis (1414), but not with that of a variant strain (a100). two of these mabs (p1p3 and 60.5) cross-reacted with a b. bronchiseptica lps; only one (p1p3) reacted with a b. parapertussis lps. elisa reactivities with intact lpss, and defined partial structures covalently linked to bovine ... | 1996 | 8936324 |
| monoclonal antibodies against haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharides: clone mahi 4 binding to a pentasaccharide containing terminal beta-gal residues and clone mahi 10 recognizing terminal phosphorylated saccharide residues. | mouse monoclonal antibodies mahi 4 and mahi 10 reactive with haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide (lps), were generated by fusing mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells of mice immunized with h. influenzae strain rm.7004-xp-1. the antibody mahi 4 reacted in whole-cell enzyme immunoassay (eia) and colony-dot-immunoblotting with 20 of 123 h. influenzae strains and to a few other human haemophilus spp. and neisseria spp., but not to any bordetella pertussis, b. parapertussis, aeromonas spp. or ... | 1996 | 8938639 |
| selective adherence of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) to mucus or epithelial cells in the chinchilla eustachian tube and middle ear. | frozen sections of chinchilla eustachian tube (et) and middle ear mucosa were incubated with either fitc-labeled non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) or bordetella pertussis. the number of bacteria adherent to "roof" vs "floor" regions was compared for each of three anatomic portions of the et and for middle ear epithelium noting whether bacteria adhered to mucus or to epithelial cells. nthi strains adhered significantly greater to mucus in the et lumen whereas b. pertussis preferentially ... | 1996 | 8938642 |
| molecular analysis of the bvg-repressed urease of bordetella bronchiseptica. | bordetella bronchiseptica is a ureolytic mammalian respiratory pathogen. we have investigated the regulation of urease in b. bronchiseptica and the potential role of this enzyme in eukaryotic invasion and intracellular survival. our results indicate urease is a bordetella virulence repressed gene. urease activity in virulent b. bronchiseptica bb7865 is up-regulated from basal levels by 5 gl1 magnesium sulphate at 37 degrees c. at 30 degrees c, urease activity remained at basal levels, even in th ... | 1996 | 8938644 |
| evidence for a ninth gene, ptli, in the locus encoding the pertussis toxin secretion system of bordetella pertussis and formation of a ptli-ptlf complex. | the pertussis toxin secretion system of bordetella pertussis initially was thought to comprise eight proteins, ptla-ptlh. we have investigated the existence of another protein, ptli, encoded by a putative gene located between ptld and ptle. a b. pertussis strain expressing a ptli::phoa translational fusion possessed alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that ptli encodes a protein. in b. pertussis, a protein with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 5,200 (similar to that predicted ... | 1996 | 8940184 |
| characterization of the fim2 and fim3 fimbrial subunit genes of bordetella bronchiseptica: roles of fim2 and fim3 fimbriae and flagella in adhesion. | with dna probes derived from the fimbrial subunit genes fim2 and fim3 of bordetella pertussis, two homologous subunit genes of bordetella bronchiseptica were identified and cloned. the nucleotide sequences of these genes were determined. comparison of these nucleotide sequences with the b. pertussis fimbrial fim2 and fim3 subunit genes showed a pronounced homology. therefore, the b. bronchiseptica genes were also designated fim2 and fim3. expression of the two b. bronchiseptica genes was demonst ... | 1996 | 8945552 |
| interleukin-12 is produced by macrophages in response to live or killed bordetella pertussis and enhances the efficacy of an acellular pertussis vaccine by promoting induction of th1 cells. | using a murine respiratory infection model, we have demonstrated previously that infection with bordetella pertussis or immunization with a whole-cell pertussis vaccine induced antigen-specific th1 cells, which conferred a high level of protection against aerosol challenge. in contrast, immunization with an acellular vaccine, consisting of the b. pertussis components detoxified pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin adsorbed to alum, generated th2 cells and was associated with ... | 1996 | 8945580 |
| protective role of immunoglobulin g antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin of bordetella pertussis in bordetella parapertussis infection. | an outbreak of parapertussis was studied prospectively in 38 first and second grade pupils of an elementary school. eleven (29%) children were confirmed to be culture positive for bordetella parapertussis. serum samples were collected from 31 children for assay of antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), pertactin (prn), and pertussis toxin of bordetella pertussis. at the first sampling, ten children were found to have a cough and 21 were asymptomatic. of the latter, 12 remained asymptomat ... | 1996 | 8950556 |
| developmental and environmental factors that enhance binding of bordetella pertussis to human epithelial cells in relation to sudden infant death syndrome (sids). | asymptomatic infection due to bordetella pertussis has been suggested to be one cause of sudden infant death syndrome (sids). we examined developmental and environmental factors previously found to affect binding of another toxigenic species, staphylococcus aureus, to human epithelial cells: expression of the lewis(a) antigen; infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv); exposure to cigarette smoke; and the inhibitory effect of breast milk on bacterial binding. binding of two strains of b. ... | 1996 | 8954353 |
| cloning and genetic characterization of helicobacter pylori catalase and construction of a catalase-deficient mutant strain. | the n-terminal sequence of a protein, originally described as an adhesin of helicobacter pylori, was used in an oligonucleotide-based screening procedure of an h. pylori plasmid library in escherichia coli. five independent plasmid clones were isolated, all mapping to the same chromosomal region and encoding the h. pylori catalase. the gene, designated kata, comprises 1,518 nucleotides and encodes a putative protein of 505 amino acids with a predicted mr of 58,599. a second open reading frame, o ... | 1996 | 8955320 |
| delineation and mutational analysis of the yersinia pseudotuberculosis yope domains which mediate translocation across bacterial and eukaryotic cellular membranes. | pathogenic yersiniae deliver a number of different effector molecules, which are referred to as yops, into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells via a type iii secretion system. to identify the regions of yope from yersinia pseudotuberculosis that are necessary for its translocation across the bacterial and eukaryotic cellular membranes, we constructed a series of hybrid genes which consisted of various amounts of yope fused to the adenylate cyclase-encoding domain of the cyclolysin gene (cyaa) of bor ... | 1996 | 8955406 |
| cag, a pathogenicity island of helicobacter pylori, encodes type i-specific and disease-associated virulence factors. | caga, a gene that codes for an immunodominant antigen, is present only in helicobacter pylori strains that are associated with severe forms of gastroduodenal disease (type i strains). we found that the genetic locus that contains caga (cag) is part of a 40-kb dna insertion that likely was acquired horizontally and integrated into the chromosomal glutamate racemase gene. this pathogenicity island is flanked by direct repeats of 31 bp. in some strains, cag is split into a right segment (cagi) and ... | 1996 | 8962108 |
| [antigenic structure of the pro-rich region 536-566 of bordetella pertussis pertactin (p.69). ii. analysis of peptide-specific antibodies]. | new method of analysis of subpopulations of peptide-specific polyclonal antibodies (abs) without their elimination was developed which does not require radiolabeling. b-epitopes were analyzed which were recognized by rabbit abs in synthetic peptides kappapkpapqpgpqpp (17p), qppqpqpeapapqp (14p), and gpqppqppqp (10p) from pro-rich region 536-566 of bordetella pertussis pertactin. antigenic structure was studied by indirect and competitive elisa, immunoaffinity chromatography, isoelectric focusing ... | 1996 | 8962913 |
| detection of bordetella pertussis in clinical specimens by pcr and a microtiter plate-based dna hybridization assay. | in order to improve detection of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) in our laboratory, a pcr-based assay was optimized, and a study was designed (i) to compare results obtained by pcr to those obtained by culture and (ii) to evaluate a novel microtiter plate-based dna hybridization assay (pcr-plate) by comparing it to agarose gel electrophoresis (pcr-gel) for detection of the pcr product. dna for the pcr was extracted with a guanidine thiocyanate buffer and used in a pcr mix ... | 1997 | 8968891 |
| central role of the bvgs receiver as a phosphorylated intermediate in a complex two-component phosphorelay. | two-component systems use phosphorylation reactions to regulate stimulus/response pathways. in bordetella pertussis, a human respiratory pathogen, the infectious cycle of the organism is controlled by the bvgas two-component system. bvgs has similarities to sensor and response regulator components and is an autophosphorylating kinase that phosphorylates bvga. bvga, a response regulator, is a dna-binding protein that activates virulence gene transcription. three phosphorylated bvgs domains, the t ... | 1996 | 8969172 |
| role of the bordetella pertussis p.69/pertactin protein and the p.69/pertactin rgd motif in the adherence to and invasion of mammalian cells. | the role of the bordetella pertussis p.69/pertactin protein in mammalian cell adhesion and invasion was investigated. salmonella strains expressing surface-associated p.69/pertactin from a chromosomally located prn gene were significantly more invasive than isogenic parental strains. this effect was most pronounced in the poorly invasive, semi-rough s. typhimurium strain lb5010. escherichia coli k-12 strain hb101 harbouring the plasmid p41869d, which encodes the full-length prn gene under the co ... | 1996 | 8969522 |
| comparative analysis of the virulence control systems of bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. | bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica contain nearly identical bvgas signal-transduction systems that mediate a biphasic transition between virulent (bvg+) and avirulent (bvg-) phases. in the bvg+ phase, the two species express a similar set of adhesins and toxins, and in both organisms the transition to the bvg- phase occurs in response to the same environmental signals (low temperature or the presence of nicotinic acid or sulphate anion). these two species differ, however, with re ... | 1996 | 8971711 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin: procyaa and cyac proteins synthesised separately in escherichia coli produce active toxin in vitro. | bordetella pertussis produces a cell-invasive adenylate cyclase toxin (cyaa) which is related to the rtx family of pore-forming toxins. like all rtx toxins, cyaa is synthesised as a protoxin (procyaa), encoded by the cyaa gene. activation to the mature cell-invasive toxin involves palmitoylation of lysine 983 and is dependent on co-expression of cyac. the role of the cyac gene product in the acylation reaction has not been determined. we have developed an efficient t7 rna polymerase system for o ... | 1996 | 8973351 |
| dendritic cells are recruited into the airway epithelium during the inflammatory response to a broad spectrum of stimuli. | a key rate-limiting step in the adaptive immune response at peripheral challenge sites is the transmission of antigen signals to t cells in regional lymph nodes. recent evidence suggests that specialized dendritic cells (dc) fulfill this surveillance function in the resting state, but their relatively slow turnover in most peripheral tissues brings into question their effectiveness in signaling the arrival of highly pathogenic sources of antigen which require immediate mobilization of the full r ... | 1996 | 8976199 |
| effect of influenza virus infection on ovalbumin-specific ige responses to inhaled antigen in the rat. | upper respiratory tract viral infections have been reported in clinical studies to serve as risk factors for allergic sensitization. in order to study the relationship linking influenza virus illnesses to development of allergy, murine models of allergen sensitization were previously employed. these models showed that lethal influenza viruses were able to trigger allergen-specific immunoglobulin e (ige) production and to inhibit tolerance to repeated exposure to aerosolized allergen in the mouse ... | 1996 | 8977628 |
| stable expression of pertussis toxin in bordetella bronchiseptica under the control of a tightly regulated promoter. | pertussis toxin (pt) is an essential component of accellular vaccines against whooping cough. however, the industrial production of pt from bordetella pertussis is impaired by slow growth and poor yields. to overcome these problems, we have constructed a minitransposon containing the tox operon under the control of a tightly regulated promoter responsive to an aromatic inducer. the expression cassettes have been integrated into the chromosome of bordetella bronchiseptica 5376 and atcc 10580 bvg. ... | 1997 | 8979346 |
| [a comparative analysis of the effect of bordetella pertussis preparations on a primary culture of murine peritoneal macrophages]. | the paper deals with comparative analysis of the effect of corpuscular pertussis vaccine (cpv), pertussis dialysate antigen (pda) and its fraction 2 (fr. 2 pda) on primary culture of peritoneal macrophages of mice. it is established that cpv possesses the expressed cytotoxic effect that is of dose-dependent character. pda and 2 (fr. 2 pda), in contrast to cpv had not such an effect. only very high doses of preparations (100 micrograms by protein) evoked weak toxic effect on macrophages. strict d ... | 1996 | 8983523 |
| effect of hydromechanical stress on cellular antigens of bordetella pertussis. | cells of bordetella pertussis grown in a bioreactor under stirring conditions were studied to investigate the effect of shear stress on cellular-bound filamentous haemagglutinin (fha). fha attached to the bacterial surface, unlike extracellular fha, was not affected at the shear levels tested. moreover, no other cellular immunogen involved in the whole-cell protective activity seemed to be affected by hydromechanical forces. | 1996 | 8987690 |
| the lymphocytosis-promoting agent pertussis toxin affects virus burden and lymphocyte distribution in the siv-infected rhesus macaque. | pertussis toxin from the gram-negative bacterium bordetella pertussis is an adp-ribosylase that modifies gi proteins in mammalian lymphocytes and inhibits their capacity to traffic from blood into lymphoid tissues. we used this compound to induce lymphocytosis in rhesus macaques and to study its effects on siv infection. pertussis toxin injected at 25 micrograms/kg induced a transient lymphocytosis that peaked 3-8 days after administration and caused a rapid, transient decrease in the frequency ... | 1997 | 8989431 |
| characterisation of a novel airway late phase model in the sensitized guinea pig which uses silica and bordetella pertussis as adjuvant for sensitization. | the objective of the present investigation was to validate a novel model of allergic late phase reaction in the airways of conscious guinea pigs by monitoring airway function with co2-forced respiration. in addition airway inflammation as one possible cause for the development of airway late phase reaction was characterized by a novel technique which consists of bronchoalveolar lavage via the orotracheal route. guinea pigs were sensitized twice at 2-week intervals with ovalbumin in silica and bo ... | 1996 | 8997622 |
| increased immune and inflammatory responses to dust mite antigen in rats exposed to 5 ppm no2. | immune hypersensitivity to house dust mite antigen (hdm) is a frequent cause of respiratory allergy. the objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to no2, a common indoor air pollutant, modulates immune responses to hdm and influences immune-mediated lung disease. brown norway rats were immunized ip with 100 micrograms semipurified antigen and bordetella pertussis adjuvant and challenged 2 weeks later with an intratracheal injection of 50 micrograms of a crude antigen preparation ... | 1996 | 8998954 |
| delivery of the pertactin/p.69 polypeptide of bordetella pertussis using an attenuated salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain: expression levels and immune response. | pertactin/p.69, a surface-associated polypeptide antigen of bordetella pertussis, was expressed in a salmonella typhimurium aroa arod vaccine strain, brd509, using different expression systems, and the immune response in mice against these constructs was compared. initially, pertactin/p.69 was expressed on the surface of brd509 from a single copy of the gene encoding the antigen localized on the salmonella chromosome. as previously shown, secretory and humoral antibody responses could not be det ... | 1996 | 9004450 |
| dynamics of the population structure of bordetella pertussis as measured by is1002-associated rflp: comparison of pre- and post-vaccination strains and global distribution. | the effect of temporal and geographic factors on the population structure of bordetella pertussis was studied using is1002-based rflp analysis. among the 106 strains analysed, 36 different rflp types were observed. for the dutch strains, there was evidence for a shift in the population structure in time since the majority of strains were found in different families of related strains in successive periods. most pronounced were the differences observed between 1950-1954 and later periods. this di ... | 1996 | 9004510 |
| lack of functional complementation between bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin and proteus mirabilis hpma hemolysin secretion machineries. | the gram-negative bacterium bordetella pertussis has adapted specific secretion machineries for each of its major secretory proteins. in particular, the highly efficient secretion of filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) is mediated by the accessory protein fhac. fhac belongs to a family of outer membrane proteins which are involved in the secretion of large adhesins or in the activation and secretion of ca2+-independent hemolysins by several gram-negative bacteria. fha shares with these hemolysins a ... | 1997 | 9006033 |
| structure-function studies of the adenylate cyclase toxin of bordetella pertussis and the leukotoxin of pasteurella haemolytica by heterologous c protein activation and construction of hybrid proteins. | the adenylate cyclase toxin (cyaa) from bordetella pertussis and the leukotoxin (lkta) from pasteurella haemolytica are members of the rtx (stands for repeats in toxin) family of cytolytic toxins. they have pore-forming activity and share significant amino acid homology but show marked differences in biological activity. cyaa is an invasive adenylate cyclase and a weak hemolysin which is active on a wide range of mammalian cells. lkta is a cytolytic protein with a high target cell specificity an ... | 1997 | 9006045 |
| intranasal priming with recombinant bordetella pertussis for the induction of a systemic immune response against a heterologous antigen. | one of the current goals in vaccine development is the noninvasive administration of protective antigens via mucosal surfaces. in this context, the gut-associated lymphoid tissues have already been extensively explored. vaccination via the nasal route has only recently been the focus of intensive investigation, and no live vector specifically designed for the respiratory mucosa is yet available. in this study we show that intranasal administration of the recombinant bordetella pertussis bpgr60, ... | 1997 | 9009311 |
| analysis of the icsba locus required for biosynthesis of the inner core region from neisseria meningitidis lipopolysaccharide. | by deletion mutagenesis in the entire meningococcal chromosome, we have previously identified the icsa gene, which encodes the glycosyltransferase required for adding glcnac to hep-ii in the inner core of meningococcal lps. this gene has homology to several lps glycosyltransferases, notably to rfak from salmonella typhimurium and bplh from bordetella pertussis, both of which encode glcnac transferases. directly upstream of icsa is an orf showing significant homology to the hypothetical protein h ... | 1997 | 9011046 |
| effects of tyb-2285 on the accumulation of eosinophils in the airway induced by antigen exposure in actively sensitized brown norway rats. | 1. the effect of tyb-2285 on the antigen-induced accumulation of eosinophils into the airway was investigated in two models (inhalant sensitization and noninhalant sensitization) using brown norway (bn) rats. 2. in the method of inhalant sensitization, bn rats were sensitized by weekly exposure to ovalbumin (oa). the accumulation of eosinophils was inhibited by the oral administration of tyb-2285 for the first 2 days of each sensitization in a dose-dependent manner. 3. with noninhalant sensitiza ... | 1997 | 9013208 |
| immunisation regimes used to elevate serum ige in sheep. | six different immunisation regimes were used in an attempt to elevate the concentration of ovine ige. the response was measured by a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (pca) test. these regimes included infection with ascaris suum and the combination of infection and parenteral administration of ascaris antigens and ovalbumin in adjuvants. the regime producing the highest titre of ige was the combination of ascaris infection with parenteral administration of ascaris extract in bordetella pertussis. t ... | 1996 | 9014313 |
| angiographic abnormalities of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) is an invaluable animal model for studying inflammatory eye disease in humans. indocyanine green (icg) is a fluorescent dye that can be used to image both retinal and choroidal vessels. this study was performed to examined the retinal and choroidal vascular abnormalities of a rat model of eau using icg and fluorescein as the contrast media to assess the suitability of this model for studying icg angiographic abnormalities in inflammatory eye disease in ... | 1996 | 9018428 |
| fatal bordetella pertussis infection: report of two cases with novel pathologic findings. | we report two infants less than 2 months of age who died of bordetella pertussis infection: one of primary b. pertussis infection and the other of secondary bronchopneumonia. we describe histopathologic findings in the lung, including transmission and immunoelectron microscopy, studies showing close association between b. pertussis organisms and ciliated cells. a novel finding in both cases was striking dilatation and inspissation of proteinaceous material in pancreatic ducts, reminiscent of cha ... | 1996 | 9025861 |
| expression and secretion of the s2 subunit of pertussis toxin in bacillus brevis. | we have been trying to develop a mass production system for each of the subunits (s2, s3, s4, s5) of the pertussis toxin b oligomer (ptb) by using a bacillus brevis-pnu212 system. in consequence a moderately efficient expression-secretion system for s2 was constructed by fusing the mature s2 gene from bordetella pertussis tohama with the signal-peptide coding region of pnu212 and by introducing the plasmid pnu212-s2 into b. brevis hpd31 by electroporation. the clone producing s2 secreted about 7 ... | 1996 | 9032903 |
| immune response to a combined hepatitis b, diphtheria, tetanus and whole-cell pertussis vaccine administered to infants at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the immune response and reactogenicity of a combined hepatitis b, diphtheria, tetanus and whole-cell bordetella pertussis (dtpw-hbv) vaccine administered to healthy infants at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. a total of 179 infants (6-12 weeks of age) received three doses of dtpw-hbv vaccine. blood samples for antibody determinations were taken before vaccination, 2 months after the second dose and 1 month after the third dose. solicited and unsolicited sympt ... | 1997 | 9041659 |
| nature of dna binding and rna polymerase interaction of the bordetella pertussis bvga transcriptional activator at the fha promoter. | the expression of virulence factor genes in bordetella pertussis is mediated by the bvga-bvgs two-component signal transduction system. the response regulator, bvga, acts directly as a transcriptional activator at the loci encoding pertussis toxin (ptx) and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha). previous studies have demonstrated that these two loci are differentially regulated by bvga. as an initial step in gaining insight into the mechanism underlying this differential regulation, we initiated dna b ... | 1997 | 9045838 |
| pertussis toxin pretreatment alters the in vivo cell division behaviour and survival of b lymphocytes after intravenous transfer. | pertussis toxin (pt), produced by the causative agent of whooping cough, bordetella pertussis, contributes to the immune dysfunction seen in infected patients. treatment of laboratory animals with purified toxin reproduces many of the biological effects exhibited in the disease state, which include lymphocytosis, adjuvant effects for ige secretion and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. in previous studies, we have demonstrated that pt pretreatment of intravenously transferred lymphocytes n ... | 1997 | 9046428 |
| viral superantigen drives extrafollicular and follicular b cell differentiation leading to virus-specific antibody production. | mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv[sw]) encodes a superantigen expressed by infected b cells. it evokes an antibody response specific for viral envelope protein, indicating selective activation of antigen-specific b cells. the response to mmtv(sw) in draining lymph nodes was compared with the response to haptenated chicken gamma globulin (np-cgg) using flow cytometry and immunohistology. t cell priming occurs in both responses, with t cells proliferating in association with interdigitating dendriti ... | 1997 | 9053455 |
| local cellular immunity to the respiratory pathogen bordetella pertussis: role of costimulatory molecules. | 1997 | 9057022 | |
| characterization of mutant bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxins with reduced affinity for calmodulin. implications for the mechanism of toxin entry into target cells. | bordetella pertussis secretes a calmodulin-stimulated adenylate cyclase toxin (cyaa) that is one of the major virulence factors of this organism. the toxin is able to enter various types of eukaryotic cells where, upon activation by calmodulin, it catalyzes the production of non-physiological amounts of cyclic amp. the mechanism of toxin entry into target cells is unknown, although it has been shown that it does not involve receptor-mediated endocytosis. the adenylate cyclase toxin exhibits a ve ... | 1997 | 9057827 |
| prevalence of positive serology for acute chlamydia pneumoniae infection in emergency department patients with persistent cough. | to determine the prevalence of acute chlamydia pneumoniae infection in ed patients presenting with a persistent cough. | 1997 | 9063543 |
| immunomodulation of murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by pertussis toxin: the protective activity, but not the disease-enhancing activity, can be attributed to the nontoxic b-oligomer. | bordetella pertussis and its major virulence component, pertussis toxin (pt), have been used routinely to promote the development of such murine experimental autoimmune diseases as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). recently, we reported that b. pertussis also can protect against eae. the protective activity was assigned to pt, a complex holomer composed of an a-promoter, the toxic s1 subunit, and a b-oligomer comprised of subunits s2, s3, s4, and s5. although some data are availab ... | 1997 | 9069580 |
| the bordetella pertussis sigma subunit of rna polymerase confers enhanced expression of fha in escherichia coli. | we have cloned the rpod gene coding for the major sigma factor of bordetella pertussis. the deduced amino acid sequence reveals a protein of 733 residues which has extensive amino acid homology with the principal sigma factors of a number of divergent prokaryotes. it is larger than most sigma factors identified to date, having a molecular mass of 81.3 kda. we have designated this factor sigma 80. in a heterologous complementation assay, b. pertussis rpod was able to complement the escherichia co ... | 1997 | 9076731 |
| cloning and characterization of an mn-containing superoxide dismutase (soda) of bordetella pertussis. | the fur titration assay (furta) recently developed by i. stojiljkovic and coworkers (j. mol. biol. 236:531-545, 1994) was applied to clone iron-regulated genes of bordetella pertussis. after sequence analysis, one of the clones obtained by this selection procedure was shown to contain an open reading frame with significant sequence similarities to mn-containing superoxide dismutases (soda). the open reading frame was preceded by a fur consensus binding site, which according to primer extension a ... | 1997 | 9079904 |
| cell-mediated and antibody responses to bordetella pertussis antigens in children vaccinated with acellular or whole-cell pertussis vaccines. the progetto pertosse-cmi working group. | to examine induction and persistence of cell-mediated immunity (cmi) and antibody responses to bordetella pertussis antigens in infants receiving antipertussis vaccines. | 1997 | 9080938 |
| [role of the thymus and normal microbial flora on plasma fibronectin concentration in mice treated with immunomodulatory drugs]. | the plasma fibronectin (pfn) concentration (cc)-determined by electro-immunodiffusion method-of untreated genetically or artificially athymic mice, or treated with tp-4 (thymus hormone sequence analog synthetic preparation) showed no significant difference from their euthymic or untreated controls. in contrast, the pfn cc in mice with different microbiological state showed significant alterations; the highest level occurred in conventional mice. the lower level in germfree mice was increased by ... | 1996 | 9082837 |
| pertussis vaccination: use of acellular pertussis vaccines among infants and young children. recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) | concerns about the safety of whole-cell pertussis vaccines prompted development of acellular vaccines that are less likely to provoke adverse events because they contain purified antigenic components of bordetella pertussis. two diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (dtap) vaccines--acel-imune and tripedia--have been licensed for several years, but (until recently) only for administration of the fourth and fifth doses in the series to children aged 15 months-6 years who previous ... | 1997 | 9091780 |
| anti-viral protection conferred by recombinant adenylate cyclase toxins from bordetella pertussis carrying a cd8+ t cell epitope from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | the elucidation of the mechanisms of antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex class i molecules has stimulated the search for nonreplicative vectors that could deliver cd8+ t cell epitopes to the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells to trigger the activation of specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) in vivo. in the present study, we investigated the potential ability of an invasive adenylate cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis, carrying a cd8+ t cell epitope from the nucleopr ... | 1997 | 9096390 |
| bordetella pertussis. a re-emerging pathogen in virginia. | 1997 | 9100471 | |
| highly conserved neisseria meningitidis surface protein confers protection against experimental infection. | a new surface protein, named nspa, which is distinct from the previously described neisseria meningitidis outer membrane proteins was identified. an nspa-specific mab, named me-1, reacted with 99% of the meningococcal strains tested indicating that the epitope recognized by this particular mab is widely distributed and highly conserved. western immunoblotting experiments indicated that mab me-1 is directed against a protein band with an approximate molecular mass of 22,000, but also recognized a ... | 1997 | 9104804 |
| relevance of nucleic acid amplification techniques for diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in the clinical laboratory. | clinical laboratories are increasingly receiving requests to perform nucleic acid amplification tests for the detection of a wide variety of infectious agents. in this paper, the efficiency of nucleic acid amplification techniques for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections is reviewed. in general, these techniques should be applied only for the detection of microorganisms for which available diagnostic techniques are markedly insensitive or nonexistent or when turnaround times for existin ... | 1997 | 9105753 |
| future indications for macrolides. | the antimicrobial spectrum of azithromycin and clarithromycin suggests a number of further uses for these newer macrolides. favorable clinical and bacteriologic responses have been reported with both antibiotics in children with community-acquired pneumonia. response rates were high for overall patient populations and for subgroups with infection caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae. treatment with azithromycin or clarithromycin has resulted in a reduction in mycobacteremia a ... | 1997 | 9109159 |
| pertussis: current concepts of pathogenesis and prevention. | the selection of acellular vaccine antigens relies on current concepts of pertussis pathogenesis. animal model data provide evidence that certain products of bordetella pertussis, which include the putative adhesins filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin and fimbriae, and pertussis toxin could serve as protective antigens and are available in sufficient quantities of purified material to be considered appropriate candidates for vaccine inclusion. in clinical studies vaccines containing three, four ... | 1997 | 9109161 |
| epidemiology of pertussis. | throughout this century infants and young children have remained most susceptible to pertussis-related morbidity and mortality. in recent years infants younger than 6 months who are not old enough to have received three doses of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine and under-vaccinated preschool children have been at highest risk for pertussis-associated complications. pertussis infection rates dropped dramatically after the whole cell pertussis vaccine came into widespread use, and an all-t ... | 1997 | 9109162 |