Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| diversity of lipopolysaccharide structures in campylobacter jejuni. | immune blots of electrophoresed lipopolysaccharides extracted from 38 campylobacter jejuni serostrains suggested the presence of o chains in 16 strains and their absence in 22. structural analysis confirmed the presence of o chains in serostrains o:19, o:23, and o:36 and the absence of o chains in serostrains o:1, o:2, and o:3. the o:19 strain has o repeat units of beta-d-glucuronic acid amidated with 2-amino-2-deoxyglycerol and n-acetylglucosamine. the 0:36 o chain has four different but closel ... | 1997 | 9396697 |
| guillain-barré syndrome in south africa associated with campylobacter jejuni o:41 strains. | over a 20-month period, 3 adult and 6 pediatric patients were diagnosed with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) at groote schuur and red cross hospitals in cape town. all 9 gbs patients had campylobacter jejuni biotype 2, serotype o:41 in their stools. c. jejuni infection was confirmed by elisa testing of patient sera. strains of this sero-biotype are rare: only 12 such strains, including the gbs-associated strains, were recognized among 776 campylobacter strains isolated and identified at red cross ... | 1997 | 9396698 |
| molecular mimicry between gangliosides and lipopolysaccharides of campylobacter jejuni isolated from patients with guillain-barré syndrome and miller fisher syndrome. | some patients developed guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) after being given bovine gangliosides. patients with gbs subsequent to campylobacter jejuni enteritis frequently have igg antibody to gm1 ganglioside. miller fisher syndrome (mfs), a variant of gbs, is associated with igg antibody to gq1b ganglioside. the existence of molecular mimicry between gm1 and lipopolysaccharide of c. jejuni isolated from a gbs patient and that between gq1b and c. jejuni lipopolysaccharides from patients with mfs are ... | 1997 | 9396700 |
| acute immune polyneuropathies: correlations of serum antibodies to campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori with anti-gm1 antibodies and clinical patterns of disease. | antecedent campylobacter jejuni infection, detected by serologic tests, has been implicated in some acute immune polyneuropathies (aip). antibodies to helicobacter pylori, c. jejuni, and gm1 ganglioside were measured in sera from 35 chinese patients with aip. anti-gm1 antibodies were found in 54% of c. jejuni-seropositive, h. pylori-seronegative patients. in contrast, anti-gm1 antibodies were rare in sera that were either seropositive for both c. jejuni and h. pylori (p = .04) or seronegative fo ... | 1997 | 9396701 |
| p2-reactive t cells in inflammatory demyelination of the peripheral nerve. | lewis rats immunized with p2 protein, a 14.5-kda protein of the peripheral nerve myelin, develop experimental allergic neuritis, a paralytic disorder with clinical, histologic, and electrophysiologic features similar to those of human guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). t cells reactive to p2 protein or a peptide corresponding to 53-78 residues of the protein can transfer the disease to naive animals. the mechanisms by which these t cells induce demyelination are not well understood; however, they ma ... | 1997 | 9396703 |
| insights into campylobacter jejuni-induced guillain-barré syndrome from the lewis rat model of experimental allergic neuritis. | experimental allergic neuritis (ean) is considered the in vivo model of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and has been extensively studied in the lewis rat. both cellular and humoral components of the immune response are implicated in the inflammatory demyelination of peripheral nerves that characterizes ean. the recognition of campylobacter jejuni infection as a frequent antecedent event in gbs, and in particular its association with anti-ganglioside antibodies and a primary axonal neuropathy, has ... | 1997 | 9396704 |
| mechanisms of schwann cell damage in inflammatory neuropathy. | inflammatory demyelination of nerve in guillain-barré syndrome is triggered in most patients by prior infection with one of a series of organisms, including campylobacter jejuni. the resulting inflammatory cascade, involving t cells, macrophages, complement, and cytokines, disrupts physiologic function of the peripheral nerve in part by targeting schwann cells, the multipotential glial cells that synthesize multilamellar, compacted myelin and secrete growth factors. in vitro evidence suggests th ... | 1997 | 9396705 |
| differential distribution of hla alleles in two forms of guillain-barré syndrome. | guillain-barré syndrome in northern china occurs in two forms: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (aidp) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (aman). aman and aidp have an immunologic basis, and some cases are associated with preceding campylobacter jejuni infection. the distribution of allelic forms of the histocompatibility genes hla-dpb1, dqb1, drb1, drb3, drb4, and drb5 was examined by dna-based technology in 34 control, 12 aidp, and 31 aman cases. in aidp patients, the drb1*1301 a ... | 1997 | 9396707 |
| vaccines against campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of diarrhea worldwide. the gastrointestinal manifestations of campylobacter infection range from watery diarrhea to severe dysentery. campylobacter infection has also been linked to the postinfectious sequelae of reactive arthritis and guillain-barré syndrome. evidence from epidemiologic and volunteer studies suggests that development of a vaccine to prevent gastrointestinal disease and limit colonization is possible. efforts to develop live ... | 1997 | 9396708 |
| regulatory considerations for campylobacter vaccine development. | the high, worldwide incidence of campylobacter jejuni-associated diarrheal disease has recently prompted the development of anti-campylobacter vaccines. however, the association of c. jejuni infections with subsequent development of guillain-barré syndrome has increased concerns from a pathogenesis standpoint and from a vaccine development and regulation standpoint. this brief overview describes the purpose and process of food and drug administration review of vaccine products and highlights som ... | 1997 | 9396709 |
| direct detection by pcr of escherichia coli o157 and enteropathogens in patients with bloody diarrhea. | direct detection of escherichia coli o157 and foodborne pathogens associated with bloody diarrhea were achieved using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after the preparation of dna from stool specimens using the microspin technique. pcr was compared with cultivation and toxin production tests with respect to the efficiency of detection of each pathogen; e. coli o157, vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella serovar enteritidis and campylobacter jejuni. detection of some or all of the above pathogens in ... | 1997 | 9403509 |
| differential uptake and killing potential of campylobacter jejuni by human peripheral monocytes/macrophages. | the ability of campylobacter jejuni to survive in monocytes after phagocytic uptake was tested in a new in vitro model using adherent macrophages derived from human peripheral monocytes. the cells were stimulated with cytokines before use to ensure full phagocytic and killing activity. the kinetics of uptake and killing of bacteria was followed for 72 h with 16 strains, including stool and blood isolates and laboratory adapted strains. significant bacterial strain differences were not observed, ... | 1997 | 9403842 |
| construction of a helicobacter pylori-escherichia coli shuttle vector for gene transfer in helicobacter pylori. | in this study, a helicobacter pylori-escherichia coli shuttle vector was constructed for transferring dna into h. pylori. the smallest cryptic plasmid (1.2 kb), php489, among those harbored by 77 h. pylori isolates was selected as a base replicon for constructing vectors. hindiii-digested php489 was ligated with a kanamycin resistance gene [aph(3')-iii], which originated from campylobacter jejuni, to produce the recombinant plasmid php489k. php489k was efficiently transformed into and stably mai ... | 1997 | 9406406 |
| analysis of distribution of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in broilers by using restriction fragment length polymorphism of flagellin gene. | the incidence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in broiler farms was 33.9% (19/56). c. jejuni-positive flocks accounted for 20.0% (17/85) and c. coli-positive ones was 4.7% (4/85). there were 14 patterns (fla type) of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of flagellin a gene among these 22 strains of c. jejuni and c. coli including the standard strain c. jejuni atcc 33560. different fla types of campylobacter were isolated from broilers in different growing cycles on the s ... | 1997 | 9409516 |
| [the drug susceptibility pattern of the presumed etiologic agents of infectious enteritis including verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o-157]. | the drug susceptibility patterns were investigated for verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) including o-157, salmonella spp., vibrio parahaemolyticus and campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni that were obtained in and after july 1996. the results are summarized as follows; 1. we found highly resistant strains of vtec to tetracycline (tc) and ampicillin (abpc). minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of some of the drugs against vtec in an aerobic condition were significantly different from t ... | 1997 | 9412873 |
| campylobacter jejuni in broiler chickens: colonization and humoral immunity following oral vaccination and experimental infection. | a formalin inactivated, campylobacter jejuni whole cell vaccine, either with or without escherichia coli heat labile toxin (lt) as a mucosal adjuvant, was administered orally to broiler chickens. three vaccine trials were performed, differing in the number of vaccinations, and time of administration, as well as the inclusion and dose of lt. the overall reductions of c. jejuni colonization in the vaccinated chickens ranged from 16 to 93% compared with non-vaccinated controls. enhanced levels of a ... | 1997 | 9413103 |
| human igm paraproteins demonstrate shared reactivity between campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides and human peripheral nerve disialylated gangliosides. | igm paraproteins from patients with canomad (chronic ataxic neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia, m-protein, agglutination, anti-disialosyl antibodies) react with neuac(alpha 2-8)neuac epitopes on a wide range of gangliosides including gq1b, gt1a, gd1b and gd3. the tissue distribution of reactive antigens in human peripheral nerve has not been addressed in detail. in addition, the origin of these antibodies is unknown. here we report that purified anti-disialosyl paraproteins from two affected patients b ... | 1997 | 9413256 |
| the prevalence of campylobacters and arcobacters in broiler chickens. | chicken carcasses from a supermarket and from a poultry abattoir were examined using methods designed to isolate as many strains of campylobacters and related organisms as possible. strains of arcobacter, but no campylobacters, were isolated from every carcass after enrichment. campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni was isolated from all carcasses examined by direct plating and other campylobacter-like strains were isolated from nine out of 15 abattoir carcasses by direct plating but not after enric ... | 1997 | 9418023 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni in food and poultry viscera using immunomagnetic separation and microtitre hybridization. | thermophillic campylobacter and camp. jejuni were detected from samples of chicken liver, gall bladder, muscle and contaminated milk and chicken meat after an enrichment step by using immunomagnetic capture of cells with monoclonal antibody against a specific outer membrane protein of thermophilic campylobacter. the detection of captured cells was achieved using two different hybridization methods. in one of the methods, the captured cells were lysed by guanidine isothiocyanate and the 23s rrna ... | 1997 | 9418026 |
| cloning and characterization of the lytb gene of campylobacter jejuni. | lytb of escherichia coli is an essential gene involved in penicillin tolerance and the stringent response. the lytb gene of campylobacter jejuni was cloned and characterized. it could complement a temperature-sensitive e. coli lytb mutant. the c. jejuni lytb gene encodes a protein of 277 amino acids that has 34, 36 and 40% amino acid identity with the lytb proteins of e. coli, haemophilus influenzae, and synechocystis sp. pcc6803, respectively. the lytb gene is situated between the aroa gene and ... | 1997 | 9418246 |
| comparison of the antibacterial activities of the quinolones bay 12-8039, gatifloxacin (am 1155), trovafloxacin, clinafloxacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. | the in-vitro activities of the quinolones bay 12-8039, gatifloxacin (am 1155), trovafloxacin, clinafloxacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were compared. gram-positive cocci were most susceptible to bay 12-8039, clinafloxacin and trovafloxacin; enterobacteriaceae and fastidious organisms were most susceptible to clinafloxacin [corrected]; pseudomonas spp. were most susceptible to clinafloxacin and ciprofloxacin; anaerobes, helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni were most susceptible to ga ... | 1997 | 9421311 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis shows that the hippuricase gene of campylobacter jejuni is highly conserved. | a 1151-bp amplicon containing the hippuricase (hipo) gene was obtained from 118 strains of campylobacter jejuni and double-digested with alui and ddei to give five different pcr-rflp patterns. most strains had the six-banded profile predicted from sequence data. lack of polymorphisms within the hipo gene indicated it was highly conserved amongst strains of camp.jejuni, and the rflp analysis provided only low discrimination as an epidemiological typing method. detection of hipo by pcr provided a ... | 1997 | 9424104 |
| [enzymatic activities of campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari]. | susceptibility to nalidixic acid has been considered for a long time as an important test in the identification of the different species of the genus campylobacter. however, due to the increasing development of resistance new laboratory tests are needed to carry out an accurate identification to the species level in combination with other typing schemes. we have evaluated the enzymatic activity of 180 campylobacter spp. strains isolated from clinical specimens performing the api zym system (biom ... | 1997 | 9424627 |
| double staining (ctc-dapi) for detection and enumeration of viable but non-culturable campylobacter jejuni cells. | direct microscopic enumeration of viable campylobacter jejuni cells (ie, respiring bacteria) were performed in both culturable and non-culturable states. five different c jejuni strains were used, including a reference strain, atcc 33291. cells from all five strains were incubated alone with 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (ctc), a redox dye. it was reduced by an electron transport chain to an insoluble red fluorescent ctc formazan salt, which accumulated intracellularly. the presence o ... | 1997 | 9428148 |
| short report: impact of traveler's diarrhea on united states troops deployed to thailand. | among a united states military unit of 170 personnel deployed to utapao, thailand for a three-week training exercise, 40% experienced diarrheal disease, and 12% sought medical treatment for diarrhea. most illness clustered within the first two weeks of arrival and individuals were ill an average of 3.6 days. fifty-five percent of cases lost two days of work and 15% required treatment with intravenous fluids. bacterial pathogens were recovered from 38% of 16 stools submitted, with campylobacter j ... | 1997 | 9430530 |
| campylobacter enteritis in children in an urban community. | to determine the prevalence of campylobacter species as aetiologic agents of diarrhoea and its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. | 1997 | 9431745 |
| etiology of acute gastroenteritis in hospitalized children in melbourne, australia, from april 1980 to march 1993. | acute infectious diarrhea is common in children. control requires knowledge of causes. few comprehensive long-term studies of etiology have been undertaken in developed countries. this report is of a 13-year survey of 4,637 children from 0 to 14 years of age, admitted to a large children's hospital for treatment of gastroenteritis, in which viruses, bacteria, and parasites were sought. a recognized enteric pathogen was identified in 56.6% of children. group a rotaviruses occurred in 39.6% of chi ... | 1998 | 9431936 |
| identification of a common structural motif in the disordered n-terminal region of bacterial flagellins--evidence for a new class of fibril-forming peptides. | flagellin proteins lacking the n- or c-terminus form polymers of reduced filament stability and straight morphology, in contrast to the coiled native flagella. in the present study, the n-terminal amino acid sequence of flagellins of the anaerobic beer spoilage bacteria pectinatus cerevisiiphilus and pectinatus frisingiensis as well as enterobacter aerogenes and pseudomonas sp. were determined. sequence similarity was revealed between these and the n-termini of all known eubacterial flagellins. ... | 1997 | 9431986 |
| detection of toxin-producing cyanobacteria by use of paramagnetic beads for cell concentration and dna purification. | early detection of water blooms caused by potential toxin-producing cyanobacteria is important in environmental monitoring. we present a new nucleic acid-based method for detection of cyanobacteria in water that utilizes the same paramagnetic solid phase (beads) for both bacterial cell concentration and subsequent dna purification. in the cell concentration step, the beads were attracted to a magnet after cell adsorption (in an alcohol- and salt-containing solution), and the supernatant was remo ... | 1998 | 9435059 |
| differentiation of campylobacter isolates on the basis of sensitivity to boiling in water as measured by pcr-detectable dna. | differential sensitivity for the release of pcr-detectable genomic dna upon boiling in water is reported for 45 campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated in egypt. all of the strains released pcr-detectable dna when treated with proteinase k and sodium dodecyl sulfate. when dna was extracted from these strains by boiling in water, nine (20%) of the strains were pcr negative or resistant to boiling, suggesting the presence of boiling-sensitive and boiling-resistant phenotypes. | 1998 | 9435091 |
| campylobacter jejuni major outer membrane protein and a 59-kda protein are involved in binding to fibronectin and int 407 cell membranes. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the major causes of human diarrhea throughout the world. attachment to host cells and extracellular matrix proteins is considered to be an essential primary event in the pathogenesis of enteritis. outer membrane proteins of three c. jejuni strains, one of which was aflagellate, were investigated for their contribution to the process of adhesion to int 407 cell membranes and the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin. using a ligand-binding immunoblotting assay th ... | 1997 | 9435102 |
| epidemiological study of guillain-barré syndrome in south east england. | to determine the incidence, treatment, and outcome of guillain-barré syndrome in south east england. | 1998 | 9436731 |
| lethal maternal sepsis caused by campylobacter jejuni: pathogen preserved in placenta and identified by molecular methods. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common organisms in the etiology of febrile diarrhea. bacteremia is reported to be rare. in pregnant women, however, c. jejuni (previous name, vibrio fetus) can cause fetal death. we report the case of a pregnant woman with enterocolitis and sepsis that caused the death of the fetus and, 11 days later, the death of the mother. c. jejuni was detected by culture techniques at the time of the first symptoms but not during the subsequent course of disease. bac ... | 1997 | 9436972 |
| identification of a linked set of genes in serpulina hyodysenteriae (b204) predicted to encode closely related 39-kilodalton extracytoplasmic proteins. | a tandem pair of nearly identical genes from serpulina hyodysenteriae (b204) were cloned and sequenced. the full open reading frame of one gene and the partial open reading frame of the neighboring gene appear to encode secreted proteins which are homologous to, yet distinct from, the 39-kda extracytoplasmic protein purified from the membrane fraction of s. hyodysenteriae. we have designated these newly identified genes vspa and vspb (for variable surface protein). | 1998 | 9440540 |
| a structural analysis of the regularly arranged porin on the outer membrane of campylobacter jejuni based on correlation averaging. | a negatively stained electron micrograph of regularly arranged porin proteins of campylobacter jejuni on the isolated outer membrane of bacteria was analyzed in detail by the correlation averaging method using a computer-assisted program. the results showed that the porin of c. jejuni had a trimeric structure separated by about 10.4 +/- 0.15 nm. in addition, the pores in the trimers were also separated by about 4.3 +/- 0.1 nm. | 1997 | 9444326 |
| comparison of a novel microaerobic system with three other gas-generating systems for the recovery of campylobacter species from human faecal samples. | three commercial gas-generating systems--campygen (oxoid, uk), oxoid br56 (oxoid, uk), and campypak plus (becton dickinson, usa)--and the evacuation replacement technique were compared for the recovery of campylobacter spp. from 500 human faecal samples collected from patients with gastroenteritis. four hundred fifty faecal samples were tested upon receipt in the laboratory. fifty faecal samples that had been previously found to be positive for campylobacter spp. were tested retrospectively; the ... | 1997 | 9447907 |
| host mutations (miaa and rpsl) reduce tetracycline resistance mediated by tet(o) and tet(m). | the effects of mutations in host genes on tetracycline resistance mediated by the tet(o) and tet(m) ribosomal protection proteins, which originated in campylobacter spp. and streptococcus spp., respectively, were investigated by using mutants of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. the miaa, miab, and miaab double mutants of s. typhimurium specify enzymes for trna modification at the adenosine at position 37, adjacent to the anticodon in trna. in s. typhimurium, this involves biosynthesi ... | 1998 | 9449261 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the dna gyrase gyra gene from serratia marcescens and characterization of mutations in gyra of quinolone-resistant clinical isolates. | the sequence of the dna gyrase gyra gene of serratia marcescens atcc 14756 was determined. an open reading frame of 2,640 nucleotides coding for a polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 97,460 was found, and its sequence complemented the sequence of an escherichia coli gyra temperature-sensitive mutation. analysis of the pcr products of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyra genes from six quinolone-resistant clinical isolates revealed a single amino acid substitution, ser ... | 1998 | 9449286 |
| neutrophil-activating protein mediates adhesion of helicobacter pylori to sulfated carbohydrates on high-molecular-weight salivary mucin. | the in vitro binding of surface-exposed material and outer membrane proteins of helicobacter pylori to high-molecular-weight salivary mucin was studied. we identified a 16-kda surface protein which adhered to high-molecular-weight salivary mucin. this protein binds specifically to sulfated oligosaccharide structures such as sulfo-lewis a, sulfogalactose and sulfo-n-acetyl-glucosamine on mucin. sequence analysis of the protein proved that it was identical to the n-terminal amino acid sequence of ... | 1998 | 9453593 |
| evaluation of an avian-specific probiotic to reduce the colonization and shedding of campylobacter jejuni in broilers. | campylobacter jejuni has often been responsible for human gastroenteritis. poultry have often been implicated as a source for these human infections. intestinal colonization of c. jejuni in the chicken plays a role in carcass contamination during slaughter. thus, reducing c. jejuni colonization in chickens can potentially reduce the incidence of c. jejuni infections in humans. the use of probiotics to competitively exclude the colonization of intestinal pathogens has been proposed for poultry. h ... | 1997 | 9454918 |
| campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and non-hiv-infected patients: comparison of clinical features and review. | clinical and bacteriologic features and clinical outcomes of culture-confirmed campylobacter bacteremia in 21 patients (including nine human immunodeficiency virus [hiv]-infected subjects and 12 non-hiv-infected subjects) were retrospectively evaluated and compared. this study highlights differences between hiv-infected and non-hiv-infected individuals. campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in hiv-infected patients was found to often be a severe, debilitating febrile illness requiring multiple and pro ... | 1998 | 9455515 |
| characterization of campylobacter jejuni isolates from patients with guillain-barré syndrome. | campylobacter jejuni is a major pathogen preceding guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), and most c. jejuni isolates from gbs patients belong to penner serotype 19 (heat-stable; hs-19). we analyzed sixteen independent clinical isolates from gbs patients, twelve of which belonged to hs-19, three to hs-2, and one to hs-4, using pcr-based rflp analysis of a flagellin-a (flaa) gene. two isolates from patients with miller fisher syndrome (mfs), and 27 from patients with uncomplicated enteritis were also exa ... | 1997 | 9455985 |
| diarrheagenic escherichia coli. | escherichia coli is the predominant nonpathogenic facultative flora of the human intestine. some e. coli strains, however, have developed the ability to cause disease of the gastrointestinal, urinary, or central nervous system in even the most robust human hosts. diarrheagenic strains of e. coli can be divided into at least six different categories with corresponding distinct pathogenic schemes. taken together, these organisms probably represent the most common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldw ... | 1998 | 9457432 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni promoter sequences. | a promoterless lacz shuttle vector, which allowed screening of promoters by beta-galactosidase activity in campylobacter jejuni and escherichia coli, was developed. chromosomal dna fragments from c. jejuni were cloned into this vector; 125 of 1,824 clones displayed promoter activity in c. jejuni. eleven clones with strong promoter activity in c. jejuni were further characterized. their nucleotide sequences were determined, and the transcriptional start sites of the putative promoters in c. jejun ... | 1998 | 9457862 |
| genomic analysis of clostridium botulinum group ii by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was optimized for genomic analyses of clostridium botulinum (non-proteolytic) group ii. dna degradation problems caused by extracellular dnases were overcome by fixation of cells with formaldehyde prior to isolation. a rapid (4-h) in situ dna isolation method was also assessed and gave indistinguishable results. genomic dna from 21 strains of various geographical and temporal origins was digested with 15 rare-cutting restriction enzymes. of these, apai, ml ... | 1998 | 9464411 |
| extended survival and persistence of campylobacter spp. in water and aquatic biofilms and their detection by immunofluorescent-antibody and -rrna staining. | in water microcosm experiments, the survival times of campylobacter isolates differed by up to twofold, as determined by culturing; this difference increased to fourfold when particular combinations of temperature and oxygenation were used. the mean survival times were much longer at 4 and 10 degrees c (202 and 176 h, respectively) than at 22 and 37 degrees c (43 and 22 h, respectively). the influence of anaerobiosis on survival time was less dramatic and differed considerably between isolates. ... | 1998 | 9464415 |
| transient increases in colony counts observed in declining populations of campylobacter jejuni held at low temperature. | colony forming unit counts of campylobacter jejuni were serially determined in a variety of microcosms in which growth was not expected. unremitting decline in colony counts occurred in nutrient-free systems, however, transient increases were observed in human faecal emulsions and nutrient media on storage at between 1 and 25 degrees c. the phenomenon, which was more pronounced at lower temperatures, could not be attributed to sampling errors, cell clumping or the influence of minor fluctuations ... | 1998 | 9465398 |
| serotyping scheme for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli based on direct agglutination of heat-stable antigens. | campylobacter is now the most frequently reported cause of gastrointestinal disease in england and wales, yet few isolates are characterized beyond the genus level. the majority of isolates are campylobacter jejuni (90%), with most of the remainder being campylobacter coli. we describe an adaptation of the penner serotyping scheme in which passive hemagglutination has been replaced by detection of heat-stable antigens by direct bacterial agglutination; absorbed antisera are used where appropriat ... | 1998 | 9466737 |
| trna(arg) (fimu) and expression of sef14 and sef21 in salmonella enteritidis. | a tn10 insertion affecting sef14 fimbrial synthesis in salmonella enteritidis was located 13 bp upstream of a gene designated fimu. the 77-bp dna sequence of fimu from s. enteritidis was identical to that of fimu encoding trna(arg) (ucu) from salmonella typhimurium and 96% identical to that of the escherichia coli argu homolog. furthermore, the open reading frame adjacent to and overlapping the 3' end of fimu was similar to the prophage dlp12 integrase gene. the fimu-encoded transcript comigrate ... | 1998 | 9473037 |
| new flagellin-specifying genes in some escherichia coli strains. | data for further development of the flagellar antigen genetics of the species escherichia coli are reported. two new flagellin genes named flla and flma were found in e. coli 781-55, e2987-73, and e223-69, the test strains for e. coli flagellar antigens h44, h55, and h54, respectively (collection of the international escherichia and klebsiella centre of the world health organization, copenhagen, denmark). two alleles of flla were identified that encode flagellar antigens h44 (flla44) and h55 (fl ... | 1998 | 9473055 |
| the haemophilus influenzae htra protein is a protective antigen. | the htra gene from two strains of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae has been cloned and sequenced, and the encoded approximately 46-kda htra proteins were found to be highly conserved. h. influenzae htra has approximately 55% identity with the escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium htra stress response proteins, and expression of the h. influenzae htra gene was inducible by high temperature. recombinant htra (rhtra) was expressed from e. coli, and the purified protein was found to have ser ... | 1998 | 9488373 |
| mutation in the peb1a locus of campylobacter jejuni reduces interactions with epithelial cells and intestinal colonization of mice. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of bacterial diarrhea throughout the world. we previously found that peb1 is a homolog of cluster 3 binding proteins of bacterial abc transporters and that a c. jejuni adhesin, cell-binding factor 1 (cbf1), if not identical to, contains peb1. a single protein migrating at approximately 27 to 28 kda was recognized by anti-cbf1 and anti-peb1. to determine the role that the operon encoding peb1 plays in c. jejuni adherence, peb1a, the gene encoding ... | 1998 | 9488379 |
| campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 cjac gene coding 28 kda immunopositive protein, a homologue of the solute-binding components of the abc transport system. | screening of the campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 cosmid gene bank enabled identification of the cjac (camp. jejuni antigen c) gene encoding a highly immunogenic protein of apparent molecular mass 28 kda. gene bank searches indicated significant overall homology of the cjac gene product, mainly to the gram-negative periplasmic solute-binding proteins of the abc transport system which recognize polar amino acids and opines. cjac protein contains the motif lvac at the end of the putative 19 amino acid ... | 1998 | 9489038 |
| an improved physical and genetic map of campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 (ua580). | campylobacter jejuni is recognized as the major cause of food-borne gastrointestinal disease in the developed world. to facilitate the molecular genetic analysis of this pathogen, an approximately 18-fold redundant tropist3 cosmid library was constructed from c. jejuni nctc 11168 genomic dna. the cosmid library was partially ordered by hybridization to 15 pulsed-field electrophoresis (pfge) restriction fragments. this analysis confirmed the estimated size of the genome to be 1730 kb, but suggest ... | 1998 | 9493386 |
| campylobacter jejuni infection as a cause of the guillain-barré syndrome. | a previously unrecognized sequelum of infection with campylobacter jejuni, a common cause of gastroenteritis, is guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). gbs is the most common cause of acute neuromuscular paralysis; 30% to 40% of cases are preceded by c. jejuni infection. both patient and bacterial characteristics likely play a role in the pathogenesis of c. jejuni-induced gbs. molecular mimicry between the lps of some campylobacters and structures present on the gangliosides of the peripheral nerve may ... | 1998 | 9494837 |
| foodborne diseases. emerging pathogens and trends. | the epidemiology of foodborne diseases is rapidly changing. in the past 15 years, new foodborne pathogens, such as campylobacter jejuni and escherichia coli o157:h7, have emerged as important public health problems. well-recognized pathogens, such as salmonella serotype enteritidis, have increased in prevalence or become associated with new vehicles, and pathogens such as c. jejuni and s. typhimurium are becoming increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents. evolving trends in foodborne diseas ... | 1998 | 9494839 |
| antibiotic resistance of bacterial litter isolates. | use of antibiotics in subtherapeutic doses as growth-promoting feed additives for animal production is widespread in the u.s. and throughout the world. previous studies by our research group concluded that size fractionation of poultry (broiler) litter followed by storage facilitated reutilization of litter as a soil amendment or bedding supplement. however, litter microbial contamination, including antibiotic-resistant populations, and accumulation of metals and other elements may limit litter ... | 1998 | 9495488 |
| variation in flagellin genes and proteins of burkholderia cepacia. | the majority of isolates of burkholderia cepacia, an important opportunistic pathogen associated with cystic fibrosis, can be classified into two types on the basis of flagellin protein size. electron microscopic analysis indicates that the flagella of strains with the larger flagellin type (type i) are wider in diameter. flagellin genes representative of both types were cloned and sequenced to design oligonucleotide primers for pcr amplification of the central variable domain of b. cepacia flag ... | 1998 | 9495748 |
| helicobacter pylori porcdab and oordabc genes encode distinct pyruvate:flavodoxin and 2-oxoglutarate:acceptor oxidoreductases which mediate electron transport to nadp. | helicobacter pylori, a major cause of human gastric disease, is a microaerophilic bacterium that contains neither pyruvate nor 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity. previous studies (n. j. hughes, p. a. chalk, c. l. clayton, and d. j. kelly, j. bacteriol. 177:3953-3959, 1995) have indicated that the major routes for the generation of acetyl coenzyme a (acetyl-coa) and succinyl-coa are via pyruvate:flavodoxin oxidoreductase (por) and 2-oxoglutarate:acceptor oxidoreductase (oor), respectively. th ... | 1998 | 9495749 |
| outbreak of campylobacter enteritis associated with cross-contamination of food--oklahoma, 1996. | on august 29, 1996, the jackson county health department (jchd) in southwestern oklahoma notified the oklahoma state department of health (osdh) of a cluster of campylobacter jejuni infections that occurred during august 16-20 among persons who had eaten lunch at a local restaurant on august 15. this report summarizes the investigation of these cases and indicates that c. jejuni infection was most likely acquired from eating lettuce cross-contaminated with raw chicken. this report also emphasize ... | 1998 | 9498294 |
| meat from dairy cows: possible microbiological hazards and risks. | the authors provide an overview of the circumstances associated with culling of dairy cattle in the united states of america (usa) and focus on the possible significant microbiological hazards associated with meat from cull dairy cows. cull dairy cows are an important source of food in the usa, accounting for at least approximately 17% of ground beef. the potential microbiological hazards for foodborne illness from cull dairy cows discussed here include salmonella (with special attention to s. t ... | 1997 | 9501354 |
| public health hazards from small ruminant meat products in europe. | foodborne diseases, in particular those related to meat and meat products, have recently become a matter of great public concern. sheep and goat meat can transmit infections and diseases either through handling during preparation procedures or as a result of ingestion by the consumer. the authors highlight the second route of contamination in relation to meat and meat products from small ruminants in european countries. among the most important diseases transmitted by mutton and goat meat, toxop ... | 1997 | 9501355 |
| public health and pork and pork products: regional perspectives of denmark. | an ambitious programme to eliminate pork as an important source of human salmonellosis was initiated in denmark in 1993 by the ministry of food, agriculture and fisheries. the programme comprises control of feedmills, breeding and multiplying herds, slaughter herds and slaughter plants, as well as the final product, fresh pork. as a consequence, the level of occurrence of salmonella spp. in fresh pork produced in denmark is approximately 1%. yersinia enterocolitica 0:3 infections are common in s ... | 1997 | 9501365 |
| strategies to control salmonella and campylobacter in raw poultry products. | foodborne illness is a major public health concern. the largest number of foodborne illness cases attributed to poultry and poultry products are caused by paratyphoid serotypes of salmonella and by campylobacter jejuni. the effective prevention of foodborne disease requires an understanding that contamination can be introduced into foods at numerous points along the food chain. since multiple entry points exist for foodborne pathogens, multifaceted intervention approaches are required to success ... | 1997 | 9501366 |
| survival of infectious cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in seawater and eastern oysters (crassostrea virginica) in the chesapeake bay. | oocysts of cryptosporidium parvum placed in artificial seawater at salinities of 10, 20, and 30 ppt at 10 degrees c and at 10 ppt at 20 degrees c were infectious after 12 weeks. those placed in seawater at 20 ppt and 30 ppt at 20 degrees c were infectious for 8 and 4 weeks, respectively. these findings suggested that oocysts could survive in estuarine waters long enough to be removed by filter feeders such as oysters. thereafter, 30 eastern oysters, crassostrea virginica, were collected with a d ... | 1998 | 9501446 |
| cloning and characterization of the fur gene from helicobacter pylori. | the fur homologue of helicobacter pylori was isolated by screening a plasmid-based, genomic dna library using the fur titration assay (furta). the analysis of the dna sequence revealed significant homology with fur proteins from various other bacterial species. the highest degree of homology was observed for the fur protein from campylobacter jejuni. the h. pylori fur gene on a plasmid could partially complement the fur mutation in escherichia coli strain h1681. the repressor activity depended o ... | 1998 | 9503612 |
| detection and prevalence of helicobacter infection in pet cats. | the presence of spiral bacteria in the feline stomach has been recognized for over a century, but the identities and degrees of prevalence of such organisms in privately owned cats are still poorly documented. the aims of this study were (i) to adapt different diagnostic tools and evaluate their practicality for diagnosing feline gastric helicobacter colonization, (ii) to determine the prevalence of gastric helicobacter-like organisms in pet cats, (iii) to identify the feline species, and (iv) t ... | 1998 | 9508286 |
| reduction of carriage of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in cattle by inoculation with probiotic bacteria. | bacteria inhibitory to escherichia coli o157:h7 were isolated from cattle and evaluated for their potential for reducing carriage of e. coli o157:h7 in calves. eighteen of 1,200 bacterial isolates from cattle feces and intestinal tissue samples were screened and determined to inhibit the growth of e. coli o157:h7 in vitro. seventeen of the isolates were e. coli and one was proteus mirabilis. none produced shiga toxin. genomic dna fingerprinting by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed 13 dis ... | 1998 | 9508288 |
| gastric acid secretion and enteric infection in bangladesh. | in developing countries many enteric infections are caused by acid-sensitive pathogens. failure of the gastric acid barrier to infection has been reported in cholera but gastric acid secretion has been little studied in other enteric infections. we therefore studied basal and stimulated gastric acid in 185 bangladeshi men admitted to hospital for the treatment of enteric infection. patients with dysentery (amoebiasis, n = 24 and shigellosis, n = 19) and culture-negative diarrhoea (n = 69) had si ... | 1997 | 9509179 |
| campylobacter jejuni in coccoid form does not reverse into spiral form in chicken guts. | the incubation of campylobacter jejuni suspension in aerobic conditions results in the conversion of spiral cells into coccoid form. the present paper shows that such forms introduced into the alimentary tract of two-day-old chicks are not able to convert back into cultivable, infectious spiral forms, as has been suggested by some authors. technical problems connected with this type of experiment are also discussed. | 1997 | 9516989 |
| antimicrobial activity of novel furanonaphthoquinone analogs. | analogs of furanonaphthoquinone (fnq) from tecoma ipe mart had mics ranging from 1.56 to 25 microg/ml against gram-positive bacteria. fnq showed significantly lower mics against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus than against methicillin-sensitive s. aureus. fnq inhibited helicobacter pylori with an mic of 0.1 microg/ml. fungi, including pathogenic species, were sensitive to fnq with mics similar to those of amphotericin b. | 1998 | 9517956 |
| effect of yeast-supplemented feed on salmonella and campylobacter populations in broilers. | the effect of the yeast, saccharomyces boulardii, on experimental cecal colonization of broilers with salmonella typhimurium and campylobacter jejuni was investigated. duplicate pens of broiler chicks were given ad libitum access to a standard feed supplemented with no yeast (control), or 1 g (1x), or 100 g (100x) dried s. boulardii/kg feed. all chicks except negative controls were challenged on day 4 with 3.2 x 10(8) cfu s. typhimurium and 6.5 x 10(8) cfu c. jejuni by oral gavage. after 3 wk, t ... | 1998 | 9521452 |
| antibodies to gangliosides and galactocerebroside in patients with guillain-barré syndrome with preceding campylobacter jejuni and other identified infections. | the relationship between preceding infections and antibodies to glycolipids was investigated in 205 japanese patients with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). serological evidence of recent campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) infection was found in 45% of the patients, compared with 1% in healthy controls. in contrast, recent infection of cytomegalovirus (cmv), mycoplasma pneumoniae (m. pneumoniae) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) was detected in only 5%, 2% and none of the patients, respectively. c. jejuni ... | 1998 | 9521613 |
| close association of iga anti-ganglioside antibodies with antecedent campylobacter jejuni infection in guillain-barré and fisher's syndromes. | iga has an important function in the gastrointestinal immune system. we investigated iga anti-ganglioside antibodies in guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and fisher's syndrome (fs) subsequent to campylobacter jejuni enteritis. in previous studies, serological diagnosis of c. jejuni infection was based on the detection of igg, iga, and igm anti-c. jejuni antibodies. our study, however, showed that the detection of igg anti-c. jejuni antibody alone was sufficient for the serological diagnosis of antec ... | 1998 | 9521615 |
| communication behaviours in a hospital setting: an observational study. | an exploratory study to identify patterns of communication behaviour among hospital based healthcare workers. | 1998 | 9522794 |
| enrichment medium for isolation of campylobacter jejuni-campylobacter coli. | a kaseini-broth enrichment medium (kbem) for the isolation improvement of campylobacter jejuni-campylobacter coli from stool samples is described. isolation of campylobacters from stool specimens by direct inoculation onto solid selective medium was compared with isolation after twenty-four hours enrichment at 37 degrees c in kbem, followed by subculture onto the same solid selective medium. of 156 examined stool samples from diarrhoeal children positive results were obtained from 17 patients al ... | 1995 | 9524671 |
| ribosomal rna gene restriction fragment diversity amongst penner serotypes of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | diversity based on ribosomal rna gene-restriction endonuclease digest patterns was detected amongst forty-seven strains of campylobacter made up of 38 strains of campylobacter jejuni and 9 strains of campylobacter coli. restriction digests of chromosomal dna prepared by treating with hae iii were probed with an oligonucleotide specific for campylobacter 16s ribosomal rna genes. seventeen distinct hybridization patterns, each indicating the presence of 2-4 copies of the 16s rrna gene are encoded ... | 1998 | 9528123 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa invasion and cytotoxicity are independent events, both of which involve protein tyrosine kinase activity. | pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates exhibit invasive or cytotoxic phenotypes. cytotoxic strains acquire some of the characteristics of invasive strains when a regulatory gene, exsa, that controls the expression of several extracellular proteins, is inactivated. exsa mutants are not cytotoxic and can be detected within epithelial cells by gentamicin survival assays. the purpose of this study was to determine whether epithelial cell invasion precedes and/or is essential for cytotoxicity. this ... | 1998 | 9529067 |
| enhancement of susceptibility to shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h7 by protein calorie malnutrition in mice. | infection with shiga toxin (stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli is increasing among children. in this study, 5-week-old c57bl/6 mice with protein calorie malnutrition (pcm) that had been fed a 5% protein diet for 2 weeks since ablactation were inoculated intragastrically with 2 x 106 cfu of stx-producing e. coli o157:h7. more than 75% of infected mice with pcm died by 10 days postinfection. infected mice with pcm developed neurologic symptoms 5 days after infection, while well-nour ... | 1998 | 9529103 |
| water as a reservoir for campylobacter jejuni infection in cows studied by serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). | the occurrence of campylobacters was studied in the faecal samples of a dairy herd with about 20 animals and in the lake which was their source of drinking water during the grazing period from june to september. of the total of 141 faecal samples studied, 0-21% were found to be positive for c. jejuni at various sampling times throughout the year. more cows were found to be campylobacter-positive in summer or in autumn after the grazing period than after the winter, when the animals were inside a ... | 1998 | 9529995 |
| microbial food borne pathogens. campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common food borne bacterial pathogen and leading cause of food borne disease in humans in the united states and other industrialized nations. approximately four million cases of human campylobacteriosis occur each year in the united states. although the majority of cases consist of limited diarrheal illness, severe sequelae can affect a small portion of patients with campylobacteriosis that may include reactive arthritis and guillain-barré syndrome. animal reserv ... | 1998 | 9532665 |
| primary campylobacter jejuni infection in different mice strains. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most frequent causes of diarrhoea in man. extra-intestinal manifestations may also occur, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. however, because of the lack of appropriate animal models the pathophysiology and immunological response of the host to c. jejuni infection are still poorly understood. in our laboratory an experimental infection of adult balb/c, c57bl/6 and dba/2 mice has been established. after intraperitoneal injection of 0.5-1x10(9) cfu of ... | 1998 | 9533898 |
| development of quinolone-resistant campylobacter fetus bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus has been recognized as a cause of systemic illness in immunocompromised hosts, including relapsing bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. acquired resistance to quinolone therapy, while reported for a variety of bacteria, including campylobacter jejuni, has not been previously documented for c. fetus. two cases of quinolone-resistant c. fetus bacteremia were detected in hiv-infected patients. cloning and nucleotide sequencing of t ... | 1998 | 9534967 |
| a cyanobacterium lacking iron superoxide dismutase is sensitized to oxidative stress induced with methyl viologen but is not sensitized to oxidative stress induced with norflurazon | a strain of synechococcus sp. strain pcc 7942 with no functional fe superoxide dismutase (sod), designated sodb-, was characterized by its growth rate, photosynthetic pigments, and cyclic photosynthetic electron transport activity when treated with methyl viologen or norflurazon (nf). in their unstressed conditions, both the sodb- and wild-type strains had similar chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and catalase activity, but the wild type had a faster growth rate and higher cyclic electron tran ... | 1998 | 9536078 |
| enterobacterial antibodies in chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. | to study the role of microbial infection in rheumatic diseases. | 1998 | 9536392 |
| occurrence of homologs of the escherichia coli lytb gene in gram-negative bacterial species. | the escherichia coli lytb protein regulates the activity of guanosine 3',5'-bispyrophosphate synthetase i (rela). a southern blot analysis of chromosomal dna with the e. coli lytb gene as a probe revealed the presence of lytb homologs in all of the gram-negative bacterial species examined but not in gram-positive species. the lytb homologs from enterobacter aerogenes and pseudomonas fluorescens complemented the e. coli lytb44 mutant allele. | 1998 | 9537400 |
| identification of a novel enteric helicobacter species in a kitten with severe diarrhea. | a previously undescribed helicobacter sp. was recovered from a cat with severe diarrhea. based upon the absence of any other identifiable cause of diarrhea, this helicobacter may be involved in the development of the disease signs. the organism could not be cultured but was described on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and morphology and appeared to be a new species, with helicobacter canis being the most genetically similar species. the presence of a diarrhea-inducing helicobacter i ... | 1998 | 9542907 |
| [pathophysiology and therapeutic approach in inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy--recent advances]. | recent advances on pathogenetic mechanism and therapeutic approach for guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (cipd) were briefly reviewed. as for gbs, an axonal form has been recognized as a clinicopathological variant, in which campylobacter jejuni infection and elevated anti-gm1 antibody tires are frequently observed. other anti-glycolipid antibodies to gq1b, gd1b and gm2 would also be significant as a determinant factor for a clinical phenotype. b ... | 1998 | 9545774 |
| subtyping of campylobacter jejuni penner heat-stable (hs) serotype 11 isolates from human infections. | high resolution molecular subtyping was applied to campylobacter jejuni penner heat-stable (hs) 11 isolates from human infections and other sources. strains were genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis involving pcr-based flagellin gene (flaa) profiling with hinfi and ddei, and pulsed-field gel electrophoretic (pfge) profiling with smai and kpni. fla-genes of the strains were highly conserved as most (95%) had the same fla-profile. pfge analysis of smai digests was more di ... | 1998 | 9569002 |
| molecular characterization of a strain-specific sequence in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni strains 81116 and nctc 11392 were shown to contain a region of dna that was not present in other strains. this region was cloned from the chromosome of strain 81116 and the nucleotide sequence determined. it was found to contain an insert of 742 bp which was flanked by direct repeats of 45 bp. although the nature of this sequence is unknown at present, it is clear that it only presents in certain strains of camp. jejuni and it may therefore be useful as an epidemiological to ... | 1998 | 9569692 |
| antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils and essences against five important food-borne pathogens. | the antimicrobial properties of 21 plant essential oils and two essences were investigated against five important food-borne pathogens, campylobacter jejuni, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes. the oils of bay, cinnamon, clove and thyme were the most inhibitory, each having a bacteriostatic concentration of 0.075% or less against all five pathogens. in general, gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to inhibition by plant essential oils ... | 1998 | 9569693 |
| a blood-free enrichment medium for growing campylobacter spp. under aerobic conditions. | detection limits for campylobacter jejuni strains jh93 and atcc 29428 in a new blood-free enrichment broth (bfeb) were investigated under aerobic conditions. cultures of camp. jejuni were inoculated into 50 ml bfeb containing 10% food homogenate in 50 ml screw-cap tubes. after 24 h enrichment under aerobic conditions, camp. jejuni were isolated on four selective agar media. the least squares means of the detection limit 50% endpoint (dl50) values were 0.4 (plain bfeb), 0.9 (crabmeat), 1.7 (mushr ... | 1998 | 9569699 |
| subtyping of campylobacter jejuni penner serotypes 9, 38 and 63 from human infections, animals and water by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and flagellin gene analysis. | pulsed field gel electrophoresis and pcr-rflp flagellin gene profiling were used to discriminate 44 isolates of campylobacter jejuni penner heat stable (hs) serotypes 9, 38 and 63 from sporadic human infections and other sources. genomic similarities between hs9 and hs38 strains were demonstrated. hs63 and hs1 strains of camp. jejuni ssp. jejuni were similar but were genomically distinct from camp. jejuni ssp. doylei hs63. the molecular analyses provided a basis for assessing associations betwee ... | 1998 | 9569705 |
| a rapid pcr-based dna test for enterotoxic bacillus cereus. | the occurrence of dna sequences encoding the hemolysin hbla complex and bacillus cereus enterotoxin bcet, which have recently been confirmed as enterotoxins, was studied in bacillus spp. to amplify these dna sequences, pcr primer systems for the b component of hbla and for bcet dna sequences were developed. the results from the amplification of hbla sequences correlated well with results obtained with the b. cereus enterotoxin (diarrheal type) test kit (rpla kit), but not with the results of the ... | 1998 | 9572928 |
| evidence of genomic instability in campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry. | poultry isolates of campylobacter jejuni derived from a survey of meat processing batches were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of chromosomal dna to establish the clonal relationships between single-colony isolates. in the majority of batches studied, one or two genotype patterns predominated. however, in one batch (batch a), 21 single-colony isolates gave 14 different pfge genotypes. the banding patterns obtained with smai were sufficiently different to distinguish between ... | 1998 | 9572956 |
| campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin causes a g2-phase cell cycle block. | cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) from the diarrheagenic bacterium campylobacter jejuni was shown to cause a rapid and specific cell cycle arrest in hela and caco-2 cells. within 24 h of treatment, cdt caused hela cells to arrest with a 4n dna content, indicative of cells in g2 or early m phase. immunofluorescence studies indicated that the arrested cells had not entered m phase, since no evidence of tubulin reorganization or chromatin condensation was visible. cdt treatment was also shown to ca ... | 1998 | 9573072 |
| coordinated repression in vitro of the divergent fepa-fes promoters of escherichia coli by the iron uptake regulation (fur) protein. | the mechanism involved in transcriptional repression of the fepa-fes divergent promoters of escherichia coli by the fur (ferric uptake regulation) protein has been examined in vitro. this dna region includes a suboptimal and single fur-binding site with two divergent and overlapped -35/-10 hexamers. comparison of transcription patterns generated with runoff experiments in either the presence or the absence of heparin showed that access of the rna polymerase to the principal -35/-10 hexamers was ... | 1998 | 9573216 |
| specificity of rabbit antisera against lipopolysaccharide of acinetobacter. | acinetobacter has been reported to be involved in hospital-acquired infections with increasing frequency. however, clinical laboratories still lack simple methods that allow the accurate identification of acinetobacter strains at the species level. for this study, proteinase k-digested whole-cell lysates from 44 clinical and environmental isolates were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with hyperimmune rabbit sera to examine the possibil ... | 1998 | 9574685 |
| association of providencia alcalifaciens with diarrhea in children. | it has been demonstrated in previous studies that providencia alcalifaciens can produce diarrhea by an invasive mechanism. in the present study, p. alcalifaciens was isolated from the stool specimens of 17 of 814 diarrheal children younger than 5 years of age (2.1%) and from those of 4 of 814 matched controls (0.49%) (p = 0.004), indicating that the organism is significantly associated with diarrhea. however, 71% of p. alcalifaciens-positive diarrheal children had simultaneous infections with ot ... | 1998 | 9574723 |
| increased resistance to quinolones in campylobacter jejuni: a genetic analysis of gyra gene mutations in quinolone-resistant clinical isolates. | campylobacter jejuni is a frequent cause of enteritis and sometimes it requires antimicrobial therapy. we have studied the evolution of resistance to nine antibiotics from 1990 to 1994 and investigated how frequently gyra mutations are involved in the acquisition of quinolone resistance. the percentage of chloramphenicol-, clindamycin-, tetracycline- and amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid-resistant strains has remained practically unchanged and erythromycin and gentamicin resistance has decreased, ... | 1998 | 9580533 |