Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| factors associated with the presence of escherichia coli o157 in feedlot-cattle water and feed in the midwestern usa. | our objective was to generate hypotheses about associations between management, climate, and the presence of escherichia coli o157 in feedlot-cattle water tanks and in feedlot-cattle feed. water samples from 710 tanks on 73 feedlots, and feed-samples from a subset of 504 pens on 54 feedlots, in four us states were tested for e. coli o157. management and climate factors were ascertained by survey and observation. escherichia coli o157 were isolated from 13% of the water tanks and at least one wat ... | 2004 | 15579344 |
| development of a rapid pcr method using the insertion sequence is1203 for genotyping shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157. | we developed a rapid pcr method utilizing the diversity of the insertion site is1203 for genotyping shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o157 (is1203 pcr typing). dna fragments digested by pvuii, which cut is1203 at one site, were ligated with themselves and detected by pcr with outward-facing primer pairs for is1203. to minimize nonspecific bands, nested pcr was also performed. two fingerprinting patterns produced from the upstream or downstream regions of is1203 were obtained within 1 ... | 2004 | 15583266 |
| [the prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility of veterinary pathogens isolated from cattle and pigs: national antibiotic resistance monitoring 2002/2003 of the bvl]. | the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring determines the current quantitative resistance level of life-stock pathogens, in order to permit the evaluation and surveillance of the distribution of resistances on a valid basis. during the examination period from june 2002 to july 2003, a total of 1849 pathogens was collected, following a representative german-wide pattern in collaboration with 29 laboratories. the selection of examined bacterial strains included different specimen causing res ... | 2004 | 15584430 |
| clinical evaluation of postpartum vaginal mucus reflects uterine bacterial infection and the immune response in cattle. | bacteria contaminate the uterus of most dairy cattle after parturition and endometritis causes infertility. an endometritis score can be ascribed based on the vaginal mucus character and odour but it is not clear if the clinical score reflects the number of uterine bacteria or the inflammatory response. the present study tested the hypothesis that clinical evaluation of endometritis reflects the number of bacteria present in the uterus, and the acute phase protein response. swabs (n = 328) were ... | 2005 | 15589277 |
| comparative efficacy of local and systemic antibiotic treatment in lactating cows with clinical mastitis. | the intramuscular administration of penethamate hydriodide over 3 consecutive days and the intramammary administration of an ampicillin/cloxacillin combination were compared in lactating cows suffering from infectious clinical mastitis in one quarter, through an open, randomized, controlled multicenter field trial. clinical examinations were carried out on d 1 (immediately before treatment), 3, 8, 17, and 22. milk samples were taken from affected quarters for bacteriological analysis on d 1, 17, ... | 2005 | 15591371 |
| the association of herd milk production and management with a return-over-feed index in ontario dairy herds. | associations of herd milk production and management variables to a return-over-feed (rof) herd profit index were examined among 95 dairy farms. the rof index is derived from 2 important determinants of profit on dairy farms: milk income and feed cost. all producers were participants in the dairy herd improvement (dhi) rof program in ontario, canada during 2002. nutrition, housing, health, and other management data were collected through a phone survey of herd managers. herd milk production, milk ... | 2005 | 15591408 |
| high level production of bovine angiogenin in e. coli by an efficient refolding procedure. | recombinant bovine angiogenin (rbang) was expressed in e. coli at up to 30% of total cell proteins but was produced as inclusion bodies. by investigating the effect of various factors on the refolding yield, we obtained about 60% refolding. after chromatographic purification, about 60 mg purified angiogenin was obtained from 1 l culture. the purified recombinant bovine angiogenin was identical to native bovine angiogenin (nbang) obtained from cow's milk. our approach is highly efficient and can ... | 2004 | 15604787 |
| endogenous glucocorticoids modulate neutrophil function in a murine model of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. | haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) is caused by shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). although, shiga toxin type 2 (stx2) is responsible for the renal pathogenesis observed in patients, the inflammatory response, including cytokines and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn), plays a key role in the development of hus. previously, we demonstrated that stx2 injection generates an anti-inflammatory reaction characterized by endogenous glucocorticoid (gc) secretion, which attenuates hus severi ... | 2005 | 15606615 |
| serotypes and virulence markers of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolated from dairy cattle in são paulo state, brazil. | in order to determine the occurrence, serotypes and virulence markers of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains, 153 fecal samples of cattle randomly selected from six dairy farms in sao paulo state, brazil, were examined for shiga toxin (stx) production by the vero cell assay. feces were directly streaked onto macconkey sorbitol agar and incubated at 37 degrees c overnight. sorbitol-negative colonies (maximum 20) and up to 10 sorbitol-positive colonies from each plate were subcul ... | 2004 | 15607081 |
| bile-induced dna damage in salmonella enterica. | in the absence of dna adenine methylase, growth of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is inhibited by bile. mutations in any of the muth, mutl, and muts genes suppress bile sensitivity in a dam(-) background, indicating that an active muthls system renders dam(-) mutants bile sensitive. however, inactivation of the muthls system does not cause bile sensitivity. an analogy with escherichia coli, in which the muthls system sensitizes dam(-) mutants to dna-injuring agents, suggested that bile ... | 2004 | 15611156 |
| role of s fimbriae in escherichia coli k1 binding to brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and penetration into the central nervous system in vivo. | bacterial binding to host cell surface is considered an important initial step in the pathogenesis of many infectious diseases including meningitis. previous studies using a laboratory escherichia coli (e. coli) strain hb101 possessing a recombinant plasmid carrying the cloned s fimbriae gene cluster have shown that s fimbriae are the major contributor to binding to bovine brain microvascular endothelial cells (bmec) for hb101. our present study, however, revealed that s fimbriae did not play a ... | 2004 | 15619424 |
| [hazard evaluation of livestock-derived, verotoxin-producing escherichia coli by enterohemolysin production assay and eaea gene detection]. | we examined enterohemolysin (ehly) production, and detected the hlya gene and the eaea gene for the intestinal mucosal adherence factor intimin in 131 strains of human-derived verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) and 140 strains of livestock (cattle and swine) -derived vtec to evaluate their hazards to humans. the hlya gene was confirmed in 98.5% of human-derived, in 50.5% of cattle-derived, and in 10.3% of swine-derived vtec strains. ehly-positive rates were 96.2-97.7%, 45.9-55.0%, and 1 ... | 2004 | 15628530 |
| attaching-effacing bacteria in animals. | enteric bacteria with a demonstrable or potential ability to form attaching-effacing lesions, so-called attaching-effacing (ae) bacteria, have been found in the intestinal tracts of a wide variety of warm-blooded animal species, including man. in some host species, for example cattle, pigs, rabbits and human beings, attaching-effacing escherichia coli (aeec) have an established role as enteropathogens. in other host species, ae bacteria are of less certain significance. with continuing advances ... | 2005 | 15629476 |
| horizontal transmission of escherichia coli o157:h7 during cattle housing. | ruminant livestock, particularly cattle, is considered the primary reservoir of escherichia coli o157:h7. this study examines the transmission of e. coli o157:h7 within groups of cattle during winter housing. holstein friesian steers were grouped in six pens of five animals. an animal inoculated with and proven to be shedding a marked strain of e. coli o157: h7 was introduced into each pen. fecal (rectal swabs) and hide samples (900 cm2 from the right rump) were taken from the 36 animals through ... | 2004 | 15633666 |
| coliform and pathologic bacteria in sierra nevada national forest wilderness area lakes and streams. | to analyze backcountry-area water quality in us department of agriculture forest service-designated wilderness areas for the presence of coliform and potentially pathogenic bacteria. | 2004 | 15636374 |
| rectal carriage of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 in slaughtered cattle. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is an important cause of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and potentially fatal human illness. cattle are considered a primary reservoir of infection, and recent experimental evidence has indicated that the terminal rectum is the principal site of bacterial carriage. to test this finding in naturally colonized animals, intact rectum samples from 267 cattle in 24 separate lots were obtained immediately after slaughter, and fecal material and mucosal surfaces were cultured f ... | 2005 | 15640175 |
| effect of sand and sawdust bedding materials on the fecal prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in dairy cows. | farm management practices that reduce the prevalence of food-borne pathogens in live animals are predicted to enhance food safety. to ascertain the potential role of livestock bedding in the ecology and epidemiology of escherichia coli o157:h7 on farms, the survival of this pathogen in used-sand and used-sawdust dairy cow bedding was determined. additionally, a longitudinal study of mature dairy cattle housed on 20 commercial dairy farms was conducted to compare the prevalence of e. coli o157:h7 ... | 2005 | 15640205 |
| induction of thymus-derived gammadelta t cells by escherichia coli enterotoxin b subunit in peritoneal cavities of mice. | we examined the activation of intraperitoneal t cells in balb/c mice by the escherichia coli enterotoxin b subunit, which induced a specific th2 type of t-cell response to intraperitoneally coadministered bovine immunoglobulin g. the numbers of both gammadelta and alphabeta t cells increased significantly after intraperitoneal administration of the b subunit in a time-dependent manner; these numbers were not affected by the b-subunit g33d mutant, which is defective in gm1 ganglioside-binding abi ... | 2005 | 15643001 |
| prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in dairy cattle and their products. | the main objective of this review was to assess the role of dairy cattle and their products in human infections with shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). a large number of stec strains (e.g., members of the serogroups o26, o91, o103, o111, o118, o145, and o166) have caused major outbreaks and sporadic cases of human illnesses that have ranged from mild diarrhea to the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. these illnesses were traced to o157 and non-o157 stec. in most cases, stec ... | 2005 | 15653509 |
| possible animal origin of human-associated, multidrug-resistant, uropathogenic escherichia coli. | the multistate occurrence of cases of urinary tract infection (uti) caused by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz)-resistant escherichia coli strains belonging to a single clonal group (designated as clonal group a [cga]) in the united states has raised an intriguing hypothesis that these infections may have been spread by contaminated food products. the present study attempted to determine if cga strains could be traced to food animals. | 2004 | 15655743 |
| characterization and functional study of antrodia camphorata lipopolysaccharide. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a highly proinflammatory molecule isolated from bacteria. this study demonstrated the existence of lps in a medicinal fungus, antrodia camphorata. because no lps had been identified in any fungus organism, the purification of lps from a. camphorata was attempted. lpss from six strains of a. camphorata (35396, 35398, 35716, b71, b85, and b86) were isolated. chemical and functional properties were investigated on the fungus lps. compositional analysis revealed that sorb ... | 2005 | 15656690 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 infections associated with ground beef from a u.s. military installation--okinawa, japan, february 2004. | in february 2004, the okinawa prefectural chubu health center (ochc) and the okinawa prefectural institute of health and environment (oihe), japan, investigated three cases of escherichia coli o157:h7 infection in a japanese family associated with eating ground beef. public health officials from multiple agencies in japan and the united states collaborated on this investigation, which resulted in a voluntary recall of approximately 90,000 pounds of frozen ground beef in the united states and at ... | 2005 | 15660018 |
| kinetics of local and systemic isoforms of serum amyloid a in bovine mastitic milk. | the aim of the present study was to characterise the serum amyloid a (saa) response to intramammary inoculation of escherichia coli and to examine the distribution of hepatically and extrahepatically produced saa isoforms in plasma and milk from cows with mastitis. milk and plasma saa concentrations were determined before and after experimental induction of e. coli mastitis in six dairy cows. the milk saa response was characterised by low or undetectable levels before inoculation, very rapid and ... | 2005 | 15661328 |
| immunoreactivity of the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis 19-kda lipoprotein. | the mycobacterium tuberculosis 19-kda lipoprotein has been reported to stimulate both t and b cell responses as well as induce a number of th1 cytokines. in order to evaluate the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis) 19-kda lipoprotein as an immunomodulator in cattle with johne's disease, the gene encoding the 19-kda protein (map0261c) was analyzed. | 2005 | 15663791 |
| virulence genes and intimin types of shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from cattle and beef products in argentina. | a total of 153 shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolates from feces of cattle and beef products (hamburgers and ground beef) in argentina were characterized in this study. pcr showed that 22 (14%) isolates carried stx1 genes, 113 (74%) possessed stx2 genes and 18 (12%) both stx1 and stx2. intimin (eae), enterohemolysin (ehxa), and stec autoagglutinating adhesin (saa) virulence genes were detected in 36 (24%), 70 (46%) and in 34 (22%) of the isolates, respectively. none of 34 saa-pos ... | 2004 | 15666247 |
| prevalence and associations between bacterial isolates from dry mammary glands of dairy cows. | to assess the prevalence and patterns of bacterial isolates, cultures were made from the dry mammary glands of dairy cows in six commercial dairy herds in the uk. milk samples were taken from all four quarters of 480 cows at drying off and at weekly intervals from 14 days before to seven days after calving. a major mastitis pathogen was isolated from at least one quarter of 220 (45.8 per cent) of the cows and from more than one quarter of 90 (18.8 per cent) of them. during the late dry to calvin ... | 2005 | 15689035 |
| shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli: pre- and postharvest control measures to ensure safety of dairy cattle products. | the large number of cases of human illness caused by shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) worldwide has raised safety concerns for foods of bovine origin. these human illnesses include diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. severe cases end with chronic renal failure, chronic nervous system deficiencies, and death. over 100 stec serotypes, including e. coli o157:h7, are known to cause these illnesses and to be shed in cattle fe ... | 2005 | 15690827 |
| myositis, lameness, and recumbency after use of water-in-oil adjuvanted vaccines in near-term beef cattle. | a producer administered 2 us department of agriculture-licensed adjuvanted veterinary vaccines (inactivated bovine rotavirus-coronavirus vaccine; clostridium perfringens type c-escherichia coli bacterin-toxoid) into muscles of the left and right hips of 469 pregnant beef cows. within 24 hours, 5 cattle were recumbent, and another 2 had non-weight bearing pelvic limb lameness (1.5% affected; 7/469). during the next 10 days, 50% of the herd developed firm swellings up to 24 cm in vaccination sites ... | 2005 | 15690947 |
| mass spectrometric analysis of affinity-captured proteins on a dendrimer-based immunosensing surface: investigation of on-chip proteolytic digestion. | the monolayer of fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimers was adopted to construct the immunoaffinity surface of an antibody layer. the antibody layer as a bait on the dendrimer monolayer was found to result in high binding capacity of antigenic proteins and a reliable detection. the affinity-captured protein at the immunosensing surface was subjected to direct on-chip tryptic digestion, and the resulting proteolytic peptides were analyzed by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizatio ... | 2005 | 15691510 |
| persistence of escherichia coli o157 isolates on bovine farms in england and wales. | we performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis on escherichia coli o157 isolates (n = 318) from 199 healthy animals in a longitudinal study carried out on nine farms. investigation of the restriction types proved that at the farm level, the same clones can be detected on sampling occasions separated by as much as 17 months. the cohort animals were repeatedly sampled, and for some of these, the same clones were obtained on sampling occasions separated by as much as 8 months. | 2005 | 15695700 |
| effect of escherichia coli wild type or its derivative with high nitrite reductase activity on in vitro ruminal methanogenesis and nitrate/nitrite reduction. | the effects of two kinds of escherichia coli strains, wild-type e. coli w3110 or e. coli nir-ptac, which has enhanced nitrite reduction activity, on in vitro ch4 production and nitrate and nitrite reduction in cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms was investigated using continuous incubation systems. escherichia coli nir-ptac, a derivative of wild-type e. coli w3110, was constructed by replacing self promoter of nir bd operon encoding subunits of nitrite reductase in e. coli w3110 by tac prom ... | 2005 | 15705761 |
| dose dependency and individual variability in selected clinical, haematological and blood biochemical responses after systemic lipopolysaccharide challenge in cattle. | previous studies have noted that susceptibility to systemic lipopolysaccharide (lps) exposure seems to differ between individual cows. however, to date inter-individual variation in the response to intravenous injection of lps has been reported only as an empirical finding, and its existence or extent has never been backed up by statistical analyses. the aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the dose-dependency of clinical, haematological and blood biochemical responses to intrav ... | 2005 | 15720970 |
| isolation of escherichia coli o157 from human and bovine faeces in the urbino area, italy. | we examined 476 faecal samples from subjects aged from 0 to >60 years, 283 with diarrhoea and 193 with illnesses involving other sites or clinically healthy, and 154 samples of faeces of healthy cattle, in order to define the diffusion of e. coli o157 in the urbino area. the samples were seeded by both direct streaking onto cefixime tellurite sorbitol mac conkey agar (ct-smac) and previous enrichment in cefixime tellurite tryptone soya broth for human specimens and in cefixime vancomicin trypton ... | 2004 | 15729839 |
| identification of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o26:h- genes required for intestinal colonization in calves. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) infections in humans are an important public health problem and are commonly acquired via contact with ruminant feces. the serogroups that are predominantly associated with human infection in the united states and europe are o157 and o26. serotypes o157:h7 and o26:h- differ in their virulence and tissue tropism in calves and therefore may colonize calves by distinct mechanisms. the mechanisms underlying ehec intestinal colonization and pathogenesis are p ... | 2005 | 15731074 |
| effects of diet energy density and milking frequency in early lactation on tumor necrosis factor-alpha responsiveness in dairy cows. | a whole blood stimulation assay (wba) with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were established to measure the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in bovine plasma. the assays were used to study the effect of time around parturition, and diet energy density, and milking frequency on tnf-alpha responsiveness of dairy cows in early lactation. forty cows were included in a 2 x 2 factorial block design. one factor was high (h) ... | 2005 | 15734538 |
| investigation of domestic animals and pets as a reservoir for intimin- (eae) gene positive escherichia coli types. | domestic animals belonging to seven different species (cattle, sheep, dogs, cats, pigs, chicken and goats) were investigated as natural reservoirs for attaching and effacing escherichia coli (aeec). for this, 2165 e. coli strains from faeces of 803 animals were examined for the presence of the intimin -(eae) gene as a characteristic of aeec strains. ten percent of the animals were found to excrete aeec, most frequently found in sheep (19.2%) and pigs (17.6), followed by cattle (10.4%), dogs (7.2 ... | 2005 | 15737477 |
| characterization of biv env core: implication for mechanism of biv-mediated cell fusion. | entry of lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (siv), requires folding of two heptad repeat regions (hr1 and hr2) of gp41 into a trimer-of-hairpins, which subsequently brings virus and cell membrane into fusion. this motif is a generalized feature of viral fusion proteins and has been exploited in generating antiviral fusion agents. in the present paper, we report structural characters of env protein from another lentivirus, bovine im ... | 2005 | 15737628 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of escherichia coli isolates from dairy farms using organic versus conventional production methods. | to compare antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of escherichia coli isolates cultured from fecal samples from cows and calves on dairy farms that used organic (ie, no or severely limited antimicrobial use) versus conventional production methods. | 2005 | 15742702 |
| comparison of diversities of escherichia coli o157 shed from a cohort of spring-born beef calves at pasture and in housing. | a cohort of spring-born beef calves demonstrated limited genetic and phenotypic diversity of escherichia coli o157 when kept in a state of isolation. despite this, there was a difference in the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and phage types of isolates shed by cattle at pasture compared with those shed by the same cattle when weaned and housed. | 2005 | 15746371 |
| antimicrobial-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli in retail foods. | extraintestinal escherichia coli infections are associated with specialized extraintestinal pathogenic e. coli (expec) strains and, increasingly, with antimicrobial resistance. the food supply may disseminate expec and antimicrobial-resistant e. coli. | 2005 | 15747237 |
| n-terminal deletion of the gamma subunit affects the stabilization and activity of chloroplast atp synthase. | five truncation mutants of chloroplast atp synthase gamma subunit from spinach (spinacia oleracea) lacking 8, 12, 16, 20 or 60 n-terminal amino acids were generated by pcr by a mutagenesis method. the recombinant gamma genes were overexpressed in escherichia coli and assembled with alphabeta subunits into a native complex. the wild-type (wt) alphabetagamma assembly i.e. alphabetagammawt exhibited high (mg2+)-dependent and (ca2+)-dependent atp hydrolytic activity. deletions of eight residues of t ... | 2005 | 15752355 |
| identification by site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification of three vicinal cysteine residues in rat mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine transporter. | the proximity of the cys residues present in the mitochondrial rat carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier (cac) primary structure was studied by using site-directed mutagenesis in combination with chemical modification. cac mutants, in which one or more cys residues had been replaced with ser, were overexpressed in escherichia coli and reconstituted into liposomes. the effect of sh oxidizing, cross-linking, and coordinating reagents was evaluated on the carnitine/carnitine exchange catalyzed by the rec ... | 2005 | 15757911 |
| dynamic profiles of dna: analysis of cap- and lexa protein-binding regions with endonucleases. | we examined ssdna and dsdna containing a cap-binding region or a lexa protein-binding region in the reca gene of escherichia coli with endonucleases (e. coli endonuclease i and bovine dnase i) to deduce the structural conformation of dsdna as well as ssdna. each nuclease produced its own cleavage pattern. some cleavages occurred at common sites in ssdna and dsdna. the common cleavage sites for endonuclease i included ones that have been inferred to be functionally important. efficient cleavage o ... | 2005 | 15767782 |
| food safety and inspection service regulatory testing program for escherichia coli o157:h7 in raw ground beef. | we analyzed raw ground beef testing data to determine whether a decrease in the rate of escherichia coli o157:h7-positive raw ground beef samples has occurred since the inception of food safety and inspection service (u.s. department of agriculture) regulatory actions and microbiological testing concerning this commodity and pathogen. a main effects log-linear poisson regression model was constructed to evaluate the association between fiscal year and the rate of e. coli o157:h7-positive raw gro ... | 2005 | 15771167 |
| inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7 in packaged ground beef by allyl isothiocyanate. | commercial allyl isothiocyanate (ait) was examined for its ability to reduce numbers of escherichia coli o157:h7 inoculated in fresh ground beef packaged under nitrogen and stored refrigerated or frozen. a five-strain cocktail of e. coli o157:h7 containing 3 or 6 log10 cfu/g was inoculated into 100 g ground beef and formed into 10x1-cm patties. a 10-cm diameter filter paper disk treated with ait suspended in sterile corn oil was placed on top of a single patty. one patty and paper disk were plac ... | 2005 | 15808361 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of campylobacter spp. in environmental water samples from a 100-square-kilometer predominantly dairy farming area. | water samples were taken systematically from a 100-km2 area of mainly dairy farmland in northwestern england and examined for campylobacter spp. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pfge-rflp) and flaa strain typing of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates were done. data on the water source and the adjacent environment were recorded and examined as explanatory variables. campylobacter spp. were isolated from 40.5% (n = 119) of the water sampl ... | 2005 | 15812015 |
| prevalence of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) 0157 in swedish dairy herds. | a prevalence study of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 (vtec o157) was performed in 371 randomly selected dairy herds distributed throughout sweden. faecal and manure samples were collected and analysed by immunomagnetic separation and culturing. data were recorded for each herd regarding herd size, age of sampled animals and whether, in addition to cattle, the farm kept other animals. vtec o157 was isolated from 33 (8.9%) of the 371 investigated herds. the prevalence was higher (23.3%) ... | 2005 | 15816162 |
| the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in domestic animals and food in serbia. | faecal samples of 2660 domestic animals from 116 farms and 956 samples of food were examined for the presence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). stec was recovered from 126 (15.3%) cattle, 135 (11.3%) pigs, 135 (66.8%) sheep, 31 (73.8%) goats, 4 (1%) chicken, and 15 (1.6%) food samples. of all stec isolates, 21.5, 25.8 and 15% produced enterohaemolysin, alpha-haemolysin, and aerobactin respectively, 1.6% displayed localized adherence (la) to hep-2 cells, 27.6% were sorbitol negati ... | 2005 | 15816163 |
| a novel dimeric structure of the riml nalpha-acetyltransferase from salmonella typhimurium. | riml is responsible for converting the prokaryotic ribosomal protein from l12 to l7 by acetylation of its n-terminal amino group. we demonstrate that purified riml is capable of posttranslationally acetylating l12, exhibiting a v(max) of 21 min(-1). we have also determined the apostructure of riml from salmonella typhimurium and its complex with coenzyme a, revealing a homodimeric oligomer with structural similarity to other gcn5-related n-acetyltransferase superfamily members. a large central t ... | 2005 | 15817456 |
| prevalence and numbers of escherichia coli o157 on bovine hides at a beef slaughter plant. | in this study, we investigated the prevalence and numbers of escherichia coli o157 on bovine hides. samples (n = 1,500) were collected over a 17-month period (30 samples per week) by sponge swabbing approximately 122-cm2 areas of the bovine rump of slaughtered cattle at an early stage of carcass processing (first legging). sponge samples (n = 1,500) were stomached in buffered peptone water supplemented with novobiocin, directly plated on sorbitol macconkey with cefixime tellurite (smac-ct), enri ... | 2005 | 15830653 |
| characterization of class 1 integrons-mediated antibiotic resistance among calf pathogenic escherichia coli. | escherichia coli isolates from calf diarrhea cases (n=22) in the beijing surrounding region in china were characterized for disease serotype, virulence factors, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and class 1 integrons. 59% (n=13) of the isolates were positive for the int i1 gene. the presence and genetic content of class 1 integrons in 13 e. coli isolates were examined by pcr and sequencing. sequencing analysis revealed six gene cassettes, which encoded resistance to trimethoprim (dfra1, dfra1 ... | 2005 | 15837385 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 outbreak associated with consumption of ground beef, june-july 2002. | a case-control and environmental study tested the hypothesis that purchasing and eating ground beef from a specific source was the cause of a cluster of cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) and escherichia coli (e. coli) o157:h7 gastroenteritis. | 2005 | 15842119 |
| effects of using retention-pond water for dust abatement on performance of feedlot steers and carriage of escherichia coli o157 and salmonella spp. | to evaluate the effects of using retention-pond water for dust abatement on performance of feedlot steers and carriage of escherichia coli o157 and salmonella spp. | 2005 | 15844433 |
| novel preharvest strategies involving the use of experimental chlorate preparations and nitro-based compounds to prevent colonization of food-producing animals by foodborne pathogens. | foodborne diseases caused by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, salmonella, and campylobacter species are of public health and economic significance. shedding of these pathogens during production and slaughter are risks for contamination of products for human consumption. consequently, strategies are sought to prevent or reduce the carriage of these pathogens in food animals before slaughter. experimental products containing chlorate salts have been proven efficacious in reducing concentrations ... | 2005 | 15844824 |
| a longitudinal study of escherichia coli o157 in cattle of a dutch dairy farm and in the farm environment. | from july 1999 till november 2000, a longitudinal study was conducted on a dairy farm in the netherlands to study within herd prevalence and types of verocytotoxin producing escherichia coli (vtec) of serogroup o157 over time, and determine environmental reservoirs and possible transmission routes. faeces, blood, milk and environmental samples were collected 14 times with intervals varying from 4 to 10 weeks during the study period. faecal samples were selectively cultured for escherichia coli o ... | 2005 | 15863278 |
| expression of soluble, biologically active recombinant human endostatin in escherichia coli. | endostatin, a 20kda c-terminal fragment of collagen xviii, is a potent anti-angiogenic protein and inhibitor of tumor growth. recombinant endostatin was prepared from escherichia coli deposited as insoluble, inactive inclusion bodies. in the present study, we produced soluble and biologically active recombinant human endostatin (rhendostatin) in e. coli by employing both co-expression of the molecular chaperones and lower temperature fermentation. two groups of chaperones trigger factor and groe ... | 2005 | 15866710 |
| characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from aquatic environments. | this study reports the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of 144 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from urban sewage and animal wastewaters using a shiga toxin 2 gene variant (stx(2))-specific dna colony hybridization method. all the strains were classified as e. coli and belonged to 34 different serotypes, some of which had not been previously reported to carry the stx(2) genes (o8:h31, o89:h19, o166:h21 and o181:h20). five stx(2) subtypes (stx(2), stx(2c), s ... | 2005 | 15869962 |
| immunorelevant gene expression in lps-challenged bovine mammary epithelial cells. | infection of the bovine mammary gland, in addition to causing animal distress, is a major economic burden of the dairy industry. greater understanding of the initial host response to infection may lead to more accurate selection of resistant animals or to novel prophylactic or therapeutic intervention strategies. the epithelial cell plays a role in the host response by alerting the immune system to the infection and providing a signal as to where the infection is located. to understand this proc ... | 2005 | 15876684 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of sorbitol-negative or slow-fermenting (suspected o157) escherichia coli isolated from milk samples in lombardy region. | to investigate phenotypic and genotypic aspects of sorbitol-negative or slow-fermenting escherichia coli, suspected to belong to o157 serogroup, isolated in italy. | 2005 | 15892748 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7, campylobacter jejuni, and salmonella prevalence in cull dairy cows marketed in northeastern ohio. | preharvest management factors are predicted to impact the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in cattle sent to slaughter. we simultaneously examined the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of campylobacter jejuni, salmonella, and escherichia coli o157:h7 isolated from cull dairy cattle at two livestock auctions in northeastern ohio. between april and september 2002, a total of 1,026 fecal samples were collected. c. jejuni was isolated from 48 of 686 (7%) fecal samples, salmonella was is ... | 2005 | 15895723 |
| increased milk levels of transforming growth factor-alpha, beta1, and beta2 during escherichia coli-induced mastitis. | among the gram-negative bacteria that cause mastitis, escherichia coli are the most prevalent. the innate immune system provides initial protection against e. coli infection by detecting the presence of the foreign pathogens and by mounting an inflammatory response, the latter of which is mediated by cytokines such as il-1beta, il-8, and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha. although changes in these cytokines during mastitis have been well-described, it is believed that other mediators moderate ma ... | 2005 | 15905428 |
| expression cloning of gamma interferon-inducing antigens of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | three recombinant proteins, map10, map39, and map41, produced based on nucleotide sequences obtained from the screening of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis genomic library expressed in escherichia coli significantly elicited gamma interferon production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected cattle. two of these proteins were members of the ppe protein family. | 2005 | 15908411 |
| characterization of recombinant antibodies developed for capturing enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli o157:h7, an emerging cause of food-borne disease with the occurrence of an estimated 20,000 illnesses and 250 deaths each year in the united states, has now been reported from several countries worldwide. infections with this bacteria, which follows the ingestion of contaminated food by humans, causes bloody diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus), and renal disease, that can have serious health implications. the source of food contamination is usually associated with animals, ... | 2004 | 15916089 |
| antimicrobial resistance of shiga toxin (verotoxin)-producing escherichia coli o157:h7 and non-o157 strains isolated from humans, cattle, sheep and food in spain. | a total of 722 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolates recovered from humans, cattle, ovines and food during the period from 1992 to 1999 in spain were examined to determine antimicrobial resistance profiles and their association with serotypes, phage types and virulence genes. fifty-eight (41%) out of 141 stec o157:h7 strains and 240 (41%) out of 581 non-o157 stec strains showed resistance to at least one of the 26 antimicrobial agents tested. stec o157:h7 showed a higher percent ... | 2005 | 15921895 |
| identification of functional promoters in the msp2 expression loci of anaplasma marginale and anaplasma phagocytophilum. | organisms in the family anaplasmataceae are important tick-borne pathogens of livestock worldwide and cause recently emergent infections in humans. despite their medical importance, very little is known about how these organisms regulate gene expression in the mammalian host, the tick vector, or during transition between the host and vector. however, it is clear that gene regulation, in addition to recombinatorial mechanisms, is essential for these small genome pathogens to adapt to distinctly d ... | 2005 | 15935572 |
| escherichia coli o157 prevalence in dutch poultry, pig finishing and veal herds and risk factors in dutch veal herds. | in the period october 1996 through december 2000, a total of 7163 pooled faecal samples of laying hen and broiler flocks, finishing-pig herds and veal herds were examined for the presence of salmonella spp., campylobacter spp. and verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 as part of a national monitoring programme in the netherlands. isolates were tested for eae and vt genes. risk factors for dutch veal herds were quantified. for all herd/flock types, faecal samples were cultured for e. coli ... | 2005 | 15951037 |
| synovial fluid changes in induced infectious arthritis in calves. | the objective was to develop an experimental model of septic arthritis in calves and to evaluate the effect of treatment on cytologic and bacteriologic variables of synovial fluid. the right tarsus of 7 healthy holstein bull calves were inoculated with 10(8) colony-forming units of viable escherichia coli of a pap-positive strain (day 1). on day 2, joint lavage was performed and antibiotic treatment was instituted. cytologic examinations, bacterial cultures, and pap factor determinations by poly ... | 2005 | 15954548 |
| effect of carprofen treatment following experimentally induced escherichia coli mastitis in primiparous cows. | acute escherichia coli mastitis is one of the major sources of economic loss in the dairy industry due to reduced milk production, treatment costs, discarded milk, and occasional fatal disease. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are frequently used as adjunctive therapy to antibiotics. the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of carprofen treatment following infusion of escherichia coli into the mammary glands of primiparous cows during the periparturient period. ... | 2005 | 15956299 |
| use of the duplex taqman pcr system for detection of shiga-like toxin-producing escherichia coli o157. | real-time pcr assays have been applied for the detection and quantification of pathogens in recent years. in this study two combinations of primers and fluorescent probes were designed according to the sequences of the rfb(escherichia coli o157) and stx2 genes. analysis of 217 bacterial strains demonstrated that the duplex real-time pcr assay successfully distinguished the escherichia coli o157 serotype from non-e. coli o157 serotypes and that it provided an accurate means of profiling the genes ... | 2005 | 15956382 |
| declines of zoonotic agents in liquid livestock wastes stored in batches on-farm. | to measure the decline rates of zoonotic agents introduced into liquid livestock wastes in on-farm storage tanks. | 2005 | 15960665 |
| the three-dimensional structures of tick carboxypeptidase inhibitor in complex with a/b carboxypeptidases reveal a novel double-headed binding mode. | the tick carboxypeptidase inhibitor (tci) is a proteinaceous inhibitor of metallo-carboxypeptidases present in the blood-sucking tick rhipicephalus bursa. the three-dimensional crystal structures of recombinant tci bound to bovine carboxypeptidase a and to human carboxypeptidase b have been determined and refined at 1.7 a and at 2.0 a resolution, respectively. tci consists of two domains that are structurally similar despite the low degree of sequence homology. the domains, each consisting of a ... | 2005 | 15961103 |
| modelling the epidemiology of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli serogroups in young calves. | we investigate the epidemiology of 12 verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) serogroups observed in a calf cohort on a scottish beef farm. fitting mathematical models to the observed time-course of infections reveals that there is significant calf-to-calf transmission of vtec. our models suggest that 40% of all detected infections are from calf-to-calf transmission and 60% from other sources. variation in the rates at which infected animals recover from infection by different vtec serog ... | 2005 | 15962551 |
| using national microbiological data to set meaningful performance criteria for slaughter and dressing of animals at australian export abattoirs. | slaughter establishments in australia that export meat to the usa are required by the controlling authority, the australian quarantine and inspection service (aqis), to test carcases under the escherichia coli and salmonella monitoring (esam) program and to use statistical process control techniques to ensure meat is produced hygienically. however, analysing the esam database for e. coli using standard statistical techniques proved difficult because of inter-plant variability and because the vas ... | 2005 | 15964649 |
| prevalence and risk-factor analysis of shiga toxigenic escherichia coli in faecal samples of organically and conventionally farmed dairy cattle. | cattle are a natural reservoir for shiga toxigenic escherichia coli (stec), however, no data are available on the prevalence and their possible association with organic or conventional farming practices. we have therefore studied the prevalence of stec and specifically o157:h7 in swiss dairy cattle by collecting faeces from approximately 500 cows from 60 farms with organic production (op) and 60 farms with integrated (conventional) production (ip). ip farms were matched to op farms and were comp ... | 2005 | 15964720 |
| specific detection and semi-quantitative analysis of trpc4 protein expression by antibodies. | in mouse tissues two variants of the transient receptor potential (canonical) (trpc) 4 protein are expressed: the "full-length" trpc4 protein and a slightly smaller variant, called trpc4delta(761-864), which lacks 84 amino acid residues. although the presence of mrna encoding the trpc4 protein in mammalian cells and the detection of the heterologously expressed trpc4 protein by western blot analysis have been reported, the unequivocal detection of endogenous trpc4 proteins has proven difficult. ... | 2005 | 15965705 |
| the bovine innate immune response during experimentally-induced pseudomonas aeruginosa mastitis. | almost half of all clinical cases of mastitis are caused by gram-negative bacteria. among these bacteria, intramammary infection by pseudomonas aeruginosa remains one of the most refractory to antibiotic therapy. the ability to recognize potentially harmful pathogens whether previously encountered or not, as well as the induction of an initial pro-inflammatory response to these pathogens, are critical components of host innate immunity. although the innate immune response to another gram-negativ ... | 2005 | 15970335 |
| hplc purification of recombinant ncgra6 antigen improves enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of bovine neosporosis. | the gene for a dense granule protein (ncgra6) of neospora caninum was expressed in escherichia coli as a his-tag fusion protein and purified by ninta affinity chromatography. in a preliminary study, high binding of antibodies from n. caninum-negative cows was observed in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using ninta-purified ncgra6. analysis of ninta eluates revealed a significant number of e. coli proteins that co-purified with recombinant ncgra6. in an attempt to improve the relative s ... | 2005 | 15970387 |
| changes of viability and composition of the escherichia coli flora in faecal samples during long time storage. | long-time storage of faecal samples is necessary for investigations of intestinal microfloras. the aim of the present study was to evaluate how the viability and the composition of the escherichia coli flora are affected in faecal samples during different storage conditions. four fresh faecal samples (two from calves and two from infants) were divided into sub-samples and stored in four different ways: with and without addition of glycerol broth at -20 degrees c and at -70 degrees c. the viabili ... | 2005 | 15979748 |
| antimicrobial and chemoattractant activity, lipopolysaccharide neutralization, cytotoxicity, and inhibition by serum of analogs of human cathelicidin ll-37. | antimicrobial peptides have been evaluated in vitro and in vivo as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. apart from being antimicrobial, the native human cathelicidin-derived peptide ll-37 (amino acids [aa] 104 to 140 of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide) also binds and neutralizes bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) and might therefore have beneficial effects in the treatment of septic shock. however, clinical trials have been hampered by indications of toxic effects of ll-37 on m ... | 2005 | 15980359 |
| effect of leukotoxin of mannheimia haemolytica and lps of e. coli on secretory response of bovine neutrophils in vitro. | to evaluate the role of leukotoxin (lkt) of mannheimia haemolytica and lipopolysaccharide (lps) of e. coli 055:b5 in pathogenesis of bovine respiratory disease (brd) we investigated their in vitro effects on cultured bovine neutrophils. functional parameters of neutrophils including degranulation, generation of superoxide, and nitric oxide were distorted in response to both toxins. the most essential reaction of neutrophils was found in respect to release of elastase after addition of lkt as wel ... | 2005 | 15989128 |
| concentration of ascorbic acid in the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis. | the aim of the investigations was evaluation of ascorbic acia concentration in the blood or cows in the subclinical form of mastitis. the research was conducted on 56 cows. the cows were divided into 4 groups: a, b, and c with subclinical form of mastitis caused by staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae and escherichia col, and d control. the ascorbic acid concentration in the serum of cows was measured by the hydrazine method. we observed a marked decrease in ascorbic acid concentratio ... | 2005 | 15989131 |
| evaluation of universal pre-enrichment broth for isolation of salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes from dairy farm environmental samples. | use of universal pre-enrichment broth (upb) as a primary enrichment medium for detection of salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes from dairy farm environmental samples was evaluated. there were no differences in bacterial growth between upb and selective primary enrichment broths for each pathogen inoculated individually or in combination at 10(1) and 10(2) colony forming units/ml. in addition, no differences were observed when upb and selective primary enrichment ... | 2004 | 15992260 |
| examination of heat stress and stage of lactation (early versus late) on fecal shedding of e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella in dairy cattle. | mature, healthy lactating dairy cattle were sampled on two farms in the southwestern united states to examine the effects of heat stress (experiment i) and stage of lactation (experiment ii) on the fecal shedding of e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella. to examine the effects of heat stress, fecal samples were collected from 45 cows at 7:00 am (coolest part of the day) and 5:00 pm (hottest part of the day) in august 2002 on a 250 cow dairy. the study was replicated one month later (n = 170 total sampl ... | 2004 | 15992270 |
| comparison of escherichia coli isolates from humans, food, and farm and companion animals for presence of shiga toxin-producing e. coli virulence markers. | the objective of this study was to characterize escherichia coli isolates from dairy cows/feedlots, calves, mastitis, pigs, dogs, parrot, iguana, human disease, and food products for prevalence of shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) virulence markers. the rationale of the study was that, isolates of the same serotypes that were obtained from different sources and possessed the same marker profiles, could be cross-species transmissible. multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detec ... | 2004 | 15992278 |
| targeted and proximity-dependent promiscuous protein biotinylation by a mutant escherichia coli biotin protein ligase. | a method for general protein biotinylation by enzymatic means has been developed. a mutant form (r118g) of the biotin protein ligase (bira) of escherichia coli is used and biotinylation is thought to proceed by chemical acylation of protein lysine side chains by biotinoyl-5'-amp released from the mutant protein. bovine serum albumin, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, immunoglobulin chains and rnase a as well as a large number of e. coli proteins have been biotinylated. the biotinylation reactio ... | 2005 | 15992681 |
| [field study of the prevalence and diagnosis of diarrhea-causing agents in the newborn calf in a swiss veterinary practice area]. | the prevalence of cryptosporidia, rotavirus, bovine coronavirus and escherichia coli f5 (k99) in dairy calves with diarrhea and in healthy calves was established in a limited area served by a veterinary practice. immuno-chromatographic rapid tests (fastest strips) were applied in the field and their results were compared to the ones obtained with standard methods (modified ziehl-neelsen stain, antigen-elisa and cultivation). in 78% of the calves with diarrhea (n=46) and in 29% of the healthy cal ... | 2005 | 15999634 |
| characterization of a shiga toxin-, intimin-, and enterotoxin hemolysin-producing escherichia coli ont:h25 strain commonly isolated from healthy cattle. | among bovine fecal and recto-anal mucosal swab samples cultured in our laboratory for escherichia coli o157:h7, we frequently isolated e. coli organisms that were phenotypically similar to the o157:h7 serotype as non-sorbitol fermenting and negative for beta-glucuronidase activity but serotyped o nontypeable:h25 (ont:h25). this study determined the prevalence and virulence properties of the e. coli ont:h25 isolates. among dairy and feedlot cattle (n = 170) sampled in washington, idaho, and alber ... | 2005 | 16000438 |
| a cloned dna probe for the detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | dna extracted from mycobacterium paratuberculosis, which had been isolated from a cow with clinical johne's disease, was used to make a gene library in the escherichia coli expression vector phage lambda gt11. plaque-lifts were made from the library onto nitrocellulose membranes. these were screened by differential hybridization using radiolabelled chromosomal dna from m. paratuberculosis and mycobacterium phlei. by this method six recombinants that hybridized to m. paratuberculosis but not to m ... | 1989 | 16031516 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 in healthy dairy cows. | faecal samples were taken from 371 cows originating from 55 dairy farms and slaughtered at one slaughterhouse; tonsils were taken from 215 of these animals. escherichia coli 0157:h7 was found in the faeces of only two animals and was not found in any tonsils. the farm supplying the first positive cow detected at the slaughterhouse was visited 3 months later and 160 animals (80 cows and 80 heifers) were tested by rectal swabs; e. coli 0157:h7 was not isolated. | 1997 | 16031948 |
| a comparative efficacy trial between cefuroxime and cloxacillin as intramammary treatments for clinical mastitis in lactating cows on commercial dairy farms. | to assess the efficacy of a commercial intramammary preparation containing cefuroxime as a treatment for clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows. | 2003 | 16032286 |
| decline of zoonotic agents in livestock waste and bedding heaps. | to measure the rates of decline of zoonotic agents introduced into heaps of spent bedding and faecal wastes generated by commercially farmed livestock and managed in a similar way to that of a working farm. | 2005 | 16033467 |
| gross abnormalities, bacteriology and histological lesions of uteri of dairy cows failing to conceive or maintain pregnancy. | to describe the gross pathology, bacteriology and histopathology of the reproductive tracts of dairy cows that failed to conceive or maintain pregnancy. | 2005 | 16044186 |
| effect of feeding live yeast products to calves with failure of passive transfer on performance and patterns of antibiotic resistance in fecal escherichia coli. | fifty-two newborn holstein calves with serum igg concentrations less than 0.73 g.dl(-1) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: no added live yeast (control), 0.5 g of live yeast added to the grain for 84 d (sc; saccharomyces cerevisiae), 0.5 g of live yeast added to the milk for 42 d (sb; s. cerevisiae, spp. boulardii), and 0.5 g of live yeast added to the grain for 84 d and to the milk for 42 d (scsb). calves were offered 440 g of milk replacer dm for the first 42 d and grain for ad ... | 2005 | 16045891 |
| e. coli proteolytic activity in milk and casein breakdown. | previous studies have focused on both lps and e. coli experimental mastitis and underlined the respective roles of endogenous proteolysis (including plasmin from the blood stream and other proteases from milk leukocytes), as well as the presence of e. coli in a more intricate system. the aim of this study was to assess the role of e. coli in milk proteolysis and especially that of its proteases in casein breakdown. the first part consisted in the incubation of 104 cfu.ml(-1) of the e. coli strai ... | 2005 | 16045896 |
| characterization of two major groups of diarrheagenic escherichia coli o26 strains which are globally spread in human patients and domestic animals of different species. | twenty-three escherichia coli o26 strains from humans, cattle, sheep, pigs and chicken were investigated for virulence markers and for genetic similarity by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and multi locus sequence typing. two groups of genetically closely related o26 strains were defined. one group is formed by enteropathogenic (epec) and enterohemorrhagic (ehec) e. coli strains, which do not ferment rhamnose and dulcitol and most of these carry a plasmid encoding enterohemolysin. the other gro ... | 2005 | 16046083 |
| dairy farm investigation on shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) in kolkata, india with emphasis on molecular characterization. | an investigation was conducted to determine the distribution, virulence gene profile and phenotypes of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains within a dairy farm in kolkata, india by characterizing the stec strains isolated from healthy dairy cow and calf stool samples, raw milk and farm floor swabs from july 2001 to march 2002. primary screening by multiplex-pcr detected stx1 and stx2, the common virulence genes of stec, in 18.9% of cow faeces, 32.4% of calf stool samples, 21.6% ... | 2005 | 16050506 |
| the role of hiti, a serine protease inhibitor from haematobia irritans irritans (diptera: muscidae) in the control of fly and bacterial proteases. | blood-sucking arthropods are vectors responsible for the transmission of several pathogens and parasites to vertebrate animals. the horn fly haematobia irritans irritans (diptera: muscidae) and the tick boophilus microplus are important hematophagous ectoparasites that cause losses in cattle production. a serine protease inhibitor from a thorax extract of the fly h. irritans irritans (hiti) was previously isolated, characterized and cloned. in the present study we described the expression, purif ... | 2005 | 16054488 |
| characterization and calculation of a cytochrome c-cytochrome b5 complex using nmr data. | to identify the binding site for bovine cytochrome b(5) (cyt b(5)) on horse cytochrome c (cyt c), cross-saturation transfer nmr experiments were performed with (2)h- and (15)n-enriched cyt c and unlabeled cyt b(5). in addition, chemical shift changes of the cyt c backbone amide and side chain methyl resonances were monitored as a function of cyt b(5) concentration. the chemical shift changes indicate that the complex is in fast exchange, and are consistent with a 1:1 stoichiometry. a k(a) of (4 ... | 2005 | 16060674 |
| vegi-192, a new isoform of tnfsf15, specifically eliminates tumor vascular endothelial cells and suppresses tumor growth. | we determined the antiangiogenic and anticancer activity of vegi-192, a new isoform of tnfsf15 (vegi, tl1), with a lewis lung cancer murine tumor model. | 2005 | 16061878 |
| microbial quality of runoff following land application of cattle manure and swine slurry. | concentrations of human health-related microorganisms in runoff from agricultural plots (0.75 m x 2 m) treated with fresh and aged cattle manure, swine slurry and no manure (control) were determined. three consecutive simulated rainfall events, producing 35 mm rainfall and separated by 24 h, were carried out for each plot. fecal indicator (escherichia coli, enterococci, clostridium perfringens and coliphage) loads released in rainfall runoff from plots treated with fresh cattle manure, aged catt ... | 2005 | 16075941 |