Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| infravec: research capacity for the implementation of genetic control of mosquitoes. | mosquitoes represent a major and global cause of human suffering due to the diseases they transmit. these include parasitic diseases, i.e. malaria and filariasis, and viral infections such as dengue, encephalitis, and yellow fever. the threat of mosquito-borne diseases is not limited to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. trade and climate changes have opened new niches to tropical vectors in temperate areas of the world, thus putting previously unaffected regions at risk of disease t ... | 0 | 24428829 |
| chemical signatures and new drug targets for gametocytocidal drug development. | control of parasite transmission is critical for the eradication of malaria. however, most antimalarial drugs are not active against p. falciparum gametocytes, responsible for the spread of malaria. consequently, patients can remain infectious for weeks after the clearance of asexual parasites and clinical symptoms. here we report the identification of 27 potent gametocytocidal compounds (ic50 < 1 μm) from screening 5,215 known drugs and compounds. all these compounds were active against three s ... | 2014 | 24434750 |
| influence of resource levels, organic compounds and laboratory colonization on interspecific competition between the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta) and the southern house mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | the mosquitoes aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta) (skuse) and culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera: culicidae) are common inhabitants of tyres and other artificial containers, which constitute important peridomestic mosquito breeding habitats. we tested the hypotheses that interspecific resource competition between the larvae of these species is asymmetrical, that the concentration of chemicals associated with decomposing detritus affects the competitive outcomes of these species, and that ... | 2014 | 24444185 |
| honey bees avoid nectar colonized by three bacterial species, but not by a yeast species, isolated from the bee gut. | the gut microflora of the honey bee, apis mellifera, is receiving increasing attention as a potential determinant of the bees' health and their efficacy as pollinators. studies have focused primarily on the microbial taxa that appear numerically dominant in the bee gut, with the assumption that the dominant status suggests their potential importance to the bees' health. however, numerically minor taxa might also influence the bees' efficacy as pollinators, particularly if they are not only prese ... | 2014 | 24466119 |
| male accessory gland substances from aedes albopictus affect the locomotor activity of aedes aegypti females. | dengue is one of the world's most important mosquito-borne diseases and is usually transmitted by one of two vector species: aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus . these two diurnal mosquitoes are frequently found coexisting in similar habitats, enabling interactions between adults, such as cross-mating. the objective of this study was to assess cross-mating between ae. aegypti females and ae. albopictus males under artificial conditions and evaluate the locomotor activity of ae. aegypti virgin fem ... | 0 | 24473799 |
| multiple pathways for plasmodium ookinete invasion of the mosquito midgut. | plasmodium ookinete invasion of the mosquito midgut is a crucial step of the parasite life cycle but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. previously, a phage display peptide library screen identified sm1, a peptide that binds to the mosquito midgut epithelium and inhibits ookinete invasion. sm1 was characterized as a mimotope of an ookinete surface enolase and sm1 presumably competes with enolase, the presumed ligand, for binding to a putative midgut receptor. here we identif ... | 2014 | 24474798 |
| full-genome characterisation of orungo, lebombo and changuinola viruses provides evidence for co-evolution of orbiviruses with their arthropod vectors. | the complete genomes of orungo virus (oruv), lebombo virus (lebv) and changuinola virus (cglv) were sequenced, confirming that they each encode 11 distinct proteins (vp1-vp7 and ns1-ns4). phylogenetic analyses of cell-attachment protein 'outer-capsid protein 1' (oc1), show that orbiviruses fall into three large groups, identified as: vp2(oc1), in which oc1 is the 2nd largest protein, including the culicoides transmitted orbiviruses; vp3(oc1), which includes the mosquito transmitted orbiviruses; ... | 2014 | 24475112 |
| whole pichia pastoris yeast expressing measles virus nucleoprotein as a production and delivery system to multimerize plasmodium antigens. | yeasts are largely used as bioreactors for vaccine production. usually, antigens are produced in yeast then purified and mixed with adjuvants before immunization. however, the purification costs and the safety concerns recently raised by the use of new adjuvants argue for alternative strategies. to this end, the use of whole yeast as both production and delivery system appears attractive. here, we evaluated pichia pastoris yeast as an alternative vaccine production and delivery system for the ci ... | 2014 | 24475165 |
| model for in vivo assessment of humoral protection against malaria sporozoite challenge by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies and immune serum. | evidence from clinical trials of malaria vaccine candidates suggests that both cell-mediated and humoral immunity to pre-erythrocytic parasite stages can provide protection against infection. novel pre-erythrocytic antibody (ab) targets could be key to improving vaccine formulations, which are currently based on targeting antigens such as the circumsporozoite protein (csp). however, methods to assess the effects of sporozoite-specific abs on pre-erythrocytic infection in vivo remain underdevelop ... | 2013 | 24478094 |
| antibodies to a single, conserved epitope in anopheles apn1 inhibit universal transmission of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax malaria. | malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (tbvs) represent a promising approach for the elimination and eradication of this disease. anapn1 is a lead tbv candidate that targets a surface antigen on the midgut of the obligate vector of the plasmodium parasite, the anopheles mosquito. in this study, we demonstrated that antibodies targeting anapn1 block transmission of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax across distantly related anopheline species in countries to which malaria is endemic. usin ... | 2013 | 24478095 |
| efficacy and non-target impact of spinosad, bti and temephos larvicides for control of anopheles spp. in an endemic malaria region of southern mexico. | the larvicidal efficacy of the naturally derived insecticide spinosad, for control of immature stages of anopheles albimanus and associated culicids, was compared to that of synthetic and biological larvicides. effects on non-target insects were also determined. | 2014 | 24479683 |
| pharmacological and phytochemical appraisal of selected medicinal plants from jordan with claimed antidiabetic activities. | plant species have long been regarded as possessing the principal ingredients used in widely disseminated ethnomedical practices. different surveys showed that medicinal plant species used by the inhabitants of jordan for the traditional treatment of diabetes are inadequately screened for their therapeutic/preventive potential and phytochemical findings. in this review, traditional herbal medicine pursued indigenously with its methods of preparation and its active constituents are listed. studie ... | 2013 | 24482764 |
| ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal properties of asparagus racemosus (willd.) (family: asparagaceae) root extracts against filariasis (culex quinquefasciatus), dengue (aedes aegypti) and malaria (anopheles stephensi) vector mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | several diseases are associated to the mosquito-human interaction. mosquitoes are the carriers of severe and well-known illnesses such as malaria, arboviral encephalitis, dengue fever, chikungunya fever, west nile virus and yellow fever. these diseases produce significant morbidity and mortality in humans and livestock around the world. the present investigation was undertaken to study the ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal activities of crude hexane, ethyl acetate, benzene, chloroform and met ... | 2014 | 24488078 |
| temperature alters plasmodium blocking by wolbachia. | very recently, the asian malaria vector (anopheles stephensi) was stably transinfected with the walbb strain of wolbachia, inducing refractoriness to the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum. however, conditions in the field can differ substantially from those in the laboratory. we use the rodent malaria p. yoelii, and somatically transinfected an. stephensi as a model system to investigate whether the transmission blocking potential of walbb is likely to be robust across different therm ... | 2014 | 24488176 |
| crimalddi: platform technologies and novel anti-malarial drug targets. | the coordination, rationalization, and integration of antimalarial drug discovery & development initiatives (crimalddi) consortium, funded by the eu framework seven programme, has attempted, through a series of interactive and facilitated workshops, to develop priorities for research to expedite the discovery of new anti-malarials. this paper outlines the recommendations for the development of enabling technologies and the identification of novel targets.screening systems must be robust, validat ... | 2013 | 24498961 |
| evaluation of the long-lasting insecticidal net interceptor ln: laboratory and experimental hut studies against anopheline and culicine mosquitoes in northeastern tanzania. | long lasting insecticidal nets (ln) are a primary method of malaria prevention. before new types of ln are approved they need to meet quality and efficacy standards set by the who pesticide evaluation scheme. the process of evaluation has three phases. in phase i the candidate ln must meet threshold bioassay criteria after 20 standardized washes. in phase ii washed and unwashed lns are evaluated in experimental huts against wild, free flying anopheline mosquitoes. in phase iii the ln are distrib ... | 2013 | 24499488 |
| a video clip of the biting midge culicoides anophelis ingesting blood from an engorged anopheles mosquito in hainan, china. | biting midges are hematophagus ectoparasites of insects, humans and other animals. culicoides (trithicoides) anophelis edwards1922 is a predator of engorged mosquitoes. | 2013 | 24499575 |
| blocking malaria transmission to anopheles mosquitoes using artemisinin derivatives and primaquine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | among the currently used drugs in malaria case management, artemisinin derivatives and primaquine have an impact on the transmissible stages of plasmodium falciparum. hence, they reduce the transmission of the parasite from the patient to the mosquitoes. the present study aimed to assess evidence for this hypothesis from controlled trials. | 2013 | 24499628 |
| wolbachia increases susceptibility to plasmodium infection in a natural system. | current views about the impact of wolbachia on plasmodium infections are almost entirely based on data regarding artificially transfected mosquitoes. this work has shown that wolbachia reduces the intensity of plasmodium infections in mosquitoes, raising the exciting possibility of using wolbachia to control or limit the spread of malaria. whether natural wolbachia infections have the same parasite-inhibiting properties is not yet clear. wolbachia-mosquito combinations with a long evolutionary h ... | 2014 | 24500167 |
| human red blood cell-adapted plasmodium knowlesi parasites: a new model system for malaria research. | plasmodium knowlesi is a simian malaria parasite primarily infecting macaque species in southeast asia. although its capacity to infect humans has been recognized since the early part of the last century, it has recently become evident that human infections are widespread and potentially life threatening. historically, p. knowlesi has proven to be a powerful tool in early studies of malaria parasites, providing key breakthroughs in understanding many aspects of plasmodium biology. however, the ... | 2014 | 24506567 |
| transgenic anopheles gambiae expressing an antimalarial peptide suffer no significant fitness cost. | mosquito-borne diseases present some of the greatest health challenges faced by the world today. in many cases, existing control measures are compromised by insecticide resistance, pathogen tolerance to drugs and the lack of effective vaccines. in light of these difficulties, new genetic tools for disease control programmes, based on the deployment of genetically modified mosquitoes, are seen as having great promise. transgenic strains may be used to control disease transmission either by suppre ... | 2014 | 24516671 |
| the acute transcriptomic and proteomic response of hc-04 hepatoma cells to hepatocyte growth factor and its implications for plasmodium falciparum sporozoite invasion. | the routine study of human malaria liver-stage biology in vitro is hampered by low infection efficiency of human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) lines (<0.1%), poor understanding of steady-state hcc biology, and lack of appropriate tools for trace sample analysis. hc-04 is the only hcc that supports complete development of human malaria parasites. we hypothesized that hccs are in various intermediate stages of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt) and hc-04s retain epithelial characteristic ... | 2014 | 24532842 |
| influence of hepatozoon parasites on host-seeking and host-choice behaviour of the mosquitoes culex territans and culex pipiens. | hepatozoon species are heteroxenous parasites that commonly infect the blood of vertebrates and various organs of arthropods. despite their ubiquity, little is known about how these parasites affect host phenotype, including whether or not these parasites induce changes in hosts to increase transmission success. the objectives of this research were to investigate influences of the frog blood parasite hepatozoon clamatae and the snake blood parasite hepatozoon sipedon on host-seeking and host-cho ... | 2012 | 24533317 |
| larvicidal, ovicidal, and oviposition-deterrent activities of four plant extracts against three mosquito species. | in mosquito control programs, insecticides of botanical origin have the potential to eliminate eggs, larvae, and adults. so, the larvicidal, ovicidal, and oviposition-deterrent activities of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves of eugenia jambolana, solidago canadensis, euodia ridleyi, and spilanthes mauritiana were assayed against the three vector mosquito species, namely anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus. the larval bioassay was conducted follow ... | 2014 | 24562451 |
| a cascade of dna-binding proteins for sexual commitment and development in plasmodium. | commitment to and completion of sexual development are essential for malaria parasites (protists of the genus plasmodium) to be transmitted through mosquitoes. the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for commitment have been hitherto unknown. here we show that pbap2-g, a conserved member of the apicomplexan ap2 (apiap2) family of dna-binding proteins, is essential for the commitment of asexually replicating forms to sexual development in plasmodium berghei, a malaria parasite of rodents. pbap2-g ... | 2014 | 24572359 |
| immunization with genetically attenuated p. falciparum parasites induces long-lived antibodies that efficiently block hepatocyte invasion by sporozoites. | whole-parasite malaria vaccines have shown promise in clinical trials. we recently reported the first human trial of a malaria vaccine based on plasmodium falciparum genetically attenuated parasites (pfgap). herein we report for the first time that pfgap induces prolonged functional humoral responses in humans. six volunteers were exposed to 5 bites of pfgap-infected mosquitoes followed by approximately 200 bites. plasma collected from all volunteers 3 months after the last exposure efficiently ... | 2014 | 24582635 |
| modulation of anopheles stephensi gene expression by nitroquine, an antimalarial drug against plasmodium yoelii infection in the mosquito. | antimalarial drugs may impact mosquito's defense against plasmodium parasites. our previous study showed nitroquine significantly reduced infection of anopheles stephensi by plasmodium yoelii, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. in order to understand how transmission capacity of an. stephensi was affected by nitroquine, we explored the transcriptome of adult females after different treatments, examined changes in gene expression profiles, and identified transcripts affected by the dru ... | 2014 | 24586804 |
| identification of vital and dispensable sulfur utilization factors in the plasmodium apicoplast. | iron-sulfur [fe-s] clusters are ubiquitous and critical cofactors in diverse biochemical processes. they are assembled by distinct [fe-s] cluster biosynthesis pathways, typically in organelles of endosymbiotic origin. apicomplexan parasites, including plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, harbor two separate [fe-s] cluster biosynthesis pathways in the their mitochondrion and apicoplast. in this study, we systematically targeted the five nuclear-encoded sulfur utilization factors (suf) of t ... | 2014 | 24586983 |
| phosphoinositide metabolism links cgmp-dependent protein kinase g to essential ca²⁺ signals at key decision points in the life cycle of malaria parasites. | many critical events in the plasmodium life cycle rely on the controlled release of ca²⁺ from intracellular stores to activate stage-specific ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases. using the motility of plasmodium berghei ookinetes as a signalling paradigm, we show that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cgmp)-dependent protein kinase, pkg, maintains the elevated level of cytosolic ca²⁺ required for gliding motility. we find that the same pkg-dependent pathway operates upstream of the ca²⁺ signals tha ... | 2014 | 24594931 |
| fusion of antigen to a dendritic cell targeting chemokine combined with adjuvant yields a malaria dna vaccine with enhanced protective capabilities. | although sterilizing immunity to malaria can be elicited by irradiated sporozoite vaccination, no clinically practical subunit vaccine has been shown to be capable of preventing the approximately 600,000 annual deaths attributed to this infection. dna vaccines offer several potential advantages for a disease that primarily affects the developing world, but new approaches are needed to improve the immunogenicity of these vaccines. by using a novel, lipid-based adjuvant, vaxfectin, to attract immu ... | 2014 | 24599116 |
| identification of salivary gland proteins depleted after blood feeding in the malaria vector anopheles campestris-like mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | malaria sporozoites must invade the salivary glands of mosquitoes for maturation before transmission to vertebrate hosts. the duration of the sporogonic cycle within the mosquitoes ranges from 10 to 21 days depending on the parasite species and temperature. during blood feeding salivary gland proteins are injected into the vertebrate host, along with malaria sporozoites in the case of an infected mosquito. to identify salivary gland proteins depleted after blood feeding of female anopheles campe ... | 2014 | 24599352 |
| perforin-like protein pplp2 permeabilizes the red blood cell membrane during egress of plasmodium falciparum gametocytes. | egress of malaria parasites from the host cell requires the concerted rupture of its enveloping membranes. hence, we investigated the role of the plasmodial perforin-like protein pplp2 in the egress of plasmodium falciparum from erythrocytes. pplp2 is expressed in blood stage schizonts and mature gametocytes. the protein localizes in vesicular structures, which in activated gametocytes discharge pplp2 in a calcium-dependent manner. pplp2 comprises a macpf domain and recombinant pplp2 has haemoly ... | 2014 | 24602217 |
| five things to know about genetically modified (gm) insects for vector control. | 2014 | 24603810 | |
| susceptibility to plasmodium liver stage infection is altered by hepatocyte polyploidy. | plasmodium parasites infect hepatocytes of their mammalian hosts and undergo obligate liver stage development. the specific host cell attributes that are important for liver infection remain largely unknown. several host signalling pathways are perturbed in infected hepatocytes, some of which are important in the generation of hepatocyte polyploidy. to test the functional consequence of polyploidy on liver infection, we infected hepatocytes with the rodent malaria parasite plasmodium yoelii both ... | 2014 | 24612025 |
| quantitative analysis of plasmodium ookinete motion in three dimensions suggests a critical role for cell shape in the biomechanics of malaria parasite gliding motility. | motility is a fundamental part of cellular life and survival, including for plasmodium parasites--single-celled protozoan pathogens responsible for human malaria. the motile life cycle forms achieve motility, called gliding, via the activity of an internal actomyosin motor. although gliding is based on the well-studied system of actin and myosin, its core biomechanics are not completely understood. currently accepted models suggest it results from a specifically organized cellular motor that pro ... | 2014 | 24612056 |
| phenotypic characterization of plasmodium berghei responsive cd8+ t cells after immunization with live sporozoites under chloroquine cover. | an effective malaria vaccine remains elusive. the most effective experimental vaccines confer only limited and short-lived protection despite production of protective antibodies. however, immunization with irradiated sporozoites, or with live sporozoites under chloroquine cover, has resulted in long-term protection apparently due to the generation of protective cd8+ t cells. the nature and function of these protective cd8+ t cells has not been elucidated. in the current study, the phenotype of c ... | 2014 | 24620841 |
| characterizing heat shock protein 90 gene of apolygus lucorum (meyer-dür) and its expression in response to different temperature and pesticide stresses. | in this study, we cloned a full-length cdna of heat shock protein (hsp) gene of apolygus lucorum (meyer-dür) [alhsp90, kc109781] and investigated its expression in response to temperature and pesticide stresses. the open reading frame (orf) of alhsp90 is 2,169 bp in length, encoding a 722 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 82.99 kda. transcriptional and translational expression profiles of alhsp90 under extreme temperature or pesticide stresses were examined by fluoresce ... | 2014 | 24623316 |
| potential causes and consequences of behavioural resilience and resistance in malaria vector populations: a mathematical modelling analysis. | the ability of mosquitoes to evade fatal exposure to insecticidal nets and sprays represents the primary obstacle to eliminating malaria. however, it remains unclear which behaviours are most important for buffering mosquito and parasite populations against vector control. | 2014 | 24629066 |
| low-cost and eco-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using feronia elephantum (rutaceae) against culex quinquefasciatus, anopheles stephensi, and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year. the use of synthetic insecticides to control vector mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance and adverse environmental effects in addition to high operational cost. insecticides of synthesized natural products for vector control have been a priority in this area. in the present study, the larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized using feronia elephantum plant leaf extract against late ... | 2014 | 24647984 |
| male aedes aegypti mosquitoes use jh iii transferred during copulation to influence previtellogenic ovary physiology and affect the reproductive output of female mosquitoes. | the effect of male accessory gland substances on female reproductive physiology has been previously described as "activating" egg development. however, no mechanism has been described that can explain how male mosquitoes are able to influence egg development in female mosquitoes. to investigate how male mosquitoes are able to influence ovarian physiology and reproductive output we explored three main questions: (1) do mating and male accessory gland substances affect ovarian physiology and alter ... | 2014 | 24657670 |
| larvicidal potential of wild mustard (cleome viscosa) and gokhru (tribulus terrestris) against mosquito vectors in the semi-arid region of western rajasthan. | cleome viscosa l. (family: capparaceae) commonly known as tickweed or wild mustard and tribulus terrestris l. (family: zygophyllaceae) commonly known as gokhru, growing wildly in the desert areas in the monsoon and post monsoon season, are of great medicinal importance. comparative larvicidal efficacy of the extracts from seeds of c. viscosa and fruits and leaves of t. terrestris was evaluated against 3rd or early 4th stage larvae of anopheles stephensi (liston), aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and cul ... | 2014 | 24665757 |
| acetic acid bacteria genomes reveal functional traits for adaptation to life in insect guts. | acetic acid bacteria (aab) live in sugar rich environments, including food matrices, plant tissues, and the gut of sugar-feeding insects. by comparing the newly sequenced genomes of asaia platycodi and saccharibacter sp., symbionts of anopheles stephensi and apis mellifera, respectively, with those of 14 other aab, we provide a genomic view of the evolutionary pattern of this bacterial group and clues on traits that explain the success of aab as insect symbionts. a specific pre-adaptive trait, c ... | 2014 | 24682158 |
| larvicidal activity of cassia occidentalis (linn.) against the larvae of bancroftian filariasis vector mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | background & objectives. the plan of this work was to study the larvicidal activity of cassia occidentalis (linn.) against the larvae of culex quinquefasciatus. these larvae are the most significant vectors. they transmit the parasites and pathogens which cause a deadly disease like filariasis, dengue, yellow fever, malaria, japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, and so forth, which are considered harmful towards the population in tropic and subtropical regions. methods. the preliminary laboratory ... | 2014 | 24688786 |
| criteria for identifying and evaluating candidate sites for open-field trials of genetically engineered mosquitoes. | recent laboratory successes in the development of genetically engineered mosquitoes for controlling pathogen transmission have fostered the need for standardized procedures for advancing the technical achievements to practical tools. it is incumbent in many cases for the same scientists doing the in-laboratory discovery research to also take on the initial challenges of developing the pathway that will move the technologies to the field. one of these challenges is having a set of criteria for se ... | 2014 | 24689963 |
| identification and characterization of the expression profile of micrornas in anopheles anthropophagus. | anopheles anthropophagus, one of the most important mosquito-borne disease vectors in asia, mainly takes blood meals from humans and transmits both malaria and filariae. micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas, and play a critical role in many cellular processes, including development, differentiation, apoptosis and innate immunity. | 2014 | 24690438 |
| fitness consequences of larval exposure to beauveria bassiana on adults of the malaria vector anopheles stephensi. | entomopathogenic fungi have shown to be effective in biological control of both larval and adult stages of malaria mosquitoes. however, a small fraction of mosquitoes is still able to emerge after treatment with fungus during the larval stage. it remains unclear whether fitness of these adults is affected by the treatment during the larval stage and whether they are still susceptible for another treatment during the adult stage. therefore, we tested the effects of larval exposure to the entomopa ... | 2014 | 24694552 |
| olyset duo® (a pyriproxyfen and permethrin mixture net): an experimental hut trial against pyrethroid resistant anopheles gambiae and culex quinquefasciatus in southern benin. | alternative compounds which can complement pyrethroids on long-lasting insecticidal nets (ln) in the control of pyrethroid resistant malaria vectors are urgently needed. pyriproxyfen (ppf), an insect growth regulator, reduces the fecundity and fertility of adult female mosquitoes. lns containing a mixture of pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid could provide personal protection through the pyrethroid component and reduce vector abundance in the next generation through the sterilizing effect of pyriproxyf ... | 2014 | 24699827 |
| molecular biology of insect sodium channels and pyrethroid resistance. | voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for the initiation and propagation of the action potential in neurons and other excitable cells. because of their critical roles in electrical signaling, sodium channels are targets of a variety of naturally occurring and synthetic neurotoxins, including several classes of insecticides. this review is intended to provide an update on the molecular biology of insect sodium channels and the molecular mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. although mammalian ... | 2014 | 24704279 |
| geometric morphometric analysis of colombian anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae) reveals significant effect of environmental factors on wing traits and presence of a metapopulation. | anopheles albimanus is a major malaria mosquito vector in colombia. in the present study, wing variability (size and shape) in an. albimanus populations from colombian maracaibo and chocó bio-geographical eco-regions and the relationship of these phenotypic traits with environmental factors were evaluated. microsatellite and morphometric data facilitated a comparison of the genetic and phenetic structure of this species. wing size was influenced by elevation and relative humidity, whereas wing s ... | 2014 | 24704285 |
| multigene phylogenetics reveals temporal diversification of major african malaria vectors. | the major vectors of malaria in sub-saharan africa belong to subgenus cellia. yet, phylogenetic relationships and temporal diversification among african mosquito species have not been unambiguously determined. knowledge about vector evolutionary history is crucial for correct interpretation of genetic changes identified through comparative genomics analyses. in this study, we estimated a molecular phylogeny using 49 gene sequences for the african malaria vectors an. gambiae, an. funestus, an. ni ... | 2014 | 24705448 |
| sporozoite immunization of human volunteers under chemoprophylaxis induces functional antibodies against pre-erythrocytic stages of plasmodium falciparum. | long-lasting and sterile protective immunity against plasmodium falciparum can be achieved by immunization of malaria-naive human volunteers under chloroquine prophylaxis with sporozoites delivered by mosquito bites (cps-immunization). protection is mediated by sporozoite/liver-stage immunity. in this study, the capacity of cps-induced antibodies to interfere with sporozoite functionality and development was explored. | 2014 | 24708526 |
| can horton hear the whos? the importance of scale in mosquito-borne disease. | the epidemiology of vector-borne pathogens is determined by mechanisms and interactions at different scales of biological organization, from individual-level cellular processes to community interactions between species and with the environment. most research, however, focuses on one scale or level with little integration between scales or levels within scales. understanding the interactions between levels and how they influence our perception of vector-borne pathogens is critical. here two examp ... | 0 | 24724278 |
| susceptibility and irritability of adult forms of main malaria vectors against insecticides used in the indoor residual sprays in muzaffargarh district, pakistan: a field survey. | in southern punjab, pakistan, muzaffargarh district is known to have insecticide-resistant anopheles and drug-resistant plasmodium spp. in this part of the country, five anopheline mosquitoes, anopheles stephensi liston, anopheles culicifacies giles, anopheles fluviatilis james, anopheles superpictus grassi, and anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera: culicidae) are known as malaria vectors. among these, an. culicifacies is the primary and an. stephensi is the secondary malaria vector. outbreaks of ... | 2014 | 24724288 |
| assessment of the prophylactic activity and pharmacokinetic profile of oral tafenoquine compared to primaquine for inhibition of liver stage malaria infections. | as anti-malarial drug resistance escalates, new safe and effective medications are necessary to prevent and treat malaria infections. the us army is developing tafenoquine (tq), an analogue of primaquine (pq), which is expected to be more effective in preventing malaria in deployed military personnel. | 2014 | 24731238 |
| geographical variation in plasmodium vivax relapse. | plasmodium vivax has the widest geographic distribution of the human malaria parasites and nearly 2.5 billion people live at risk of infection. the control of p. vivax in individuals and populations is complicated by its ability to relapse weeks to months after initial infection. strains of p. vivax from different geographical areas are thought to exhibit varied relapse timings. in tropical regions strains relapse quickly (three to six weeks), whereas those in temperate regions do so more slowly ... | 2014 | 24731298 |
| transmission blocking activity of azadirachta indica and guiera senegalensis extracts on the sporogonic development of plasmodium falciparum field isolates in anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes. | targeting the stages of the malaria parasites responsible for transmission from the human host to the mosquito vector is a key pharmacological strategy for malaria control. research efforts to identify compounds that are active against these stages have significantly increased in recent years. however, at present, only two drugs are available, namely primaquine and artesunate, which reportedly act on late stage gametocytes. | 2014 | 24735564 |
| a rapid and robust selection procedure for generating drug-selectable marker-free recombinant malaria parasites. | experimental genetics have been widely used to explore the biology of the malaria parasites. the rodent parasites plasmodium berghei and less frequently p. yoelii are commonly utilised, as their complete life cycle can be reproduced in the laboratory and because they are genetically tractable via homologous recombination. however, due to the limited number of drug-selectable markers, multiple modifications of the parasite genome are difficult to achieve and require large numbers of mice. here we ... | 2014 | 24755823 |
| professor alain chabaud (13 march 1923-11 march 2013). | 2014 | 24759653 | |
| wolbachia infection modifies the profile, shuttling and structure of micrornas in a mosquito cell line. | micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas that play important roles in many biological processes such as development, cell signaling and immune response. small rna deep sequencing technology provided an opportunity for a thorough survey of the mirna profile of a mosquito cell line from aedes aegypti. we characterized the mirna composition of the nucleus and the cytoplasm of uninfected cells and compared it with the one of cells infected with the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia strain wmelpo ... | 2014 | 24759922 |
| the crystal structure of the active domain of anopheles anti-platelet protein, a powerful anti-coagulant, in complex with an antibody. | blood clotting is a vitally important process that must be carefully regulated to prevent blood loss on one hand and thrombosis on the other. severe injury and hemophilia may be treated with pro-coagulants, whereas risk of obstructive clotting or embolism may be reduced with anti-coagulants. anti-coagulants are an extremely important class of drug, one of the most widely used types of medication, but there remains a pressing need for novel treatments, however, as present drugs such as warfarin h ... | 2014 | 24764297 |
| mosquitoes rely on their gut microbiota for development. | field studies indicate adult mosquitoes (culicidae) host low diversity communities of bacteria that vary greatly among individuals and species. in contrast, it remains unclear how adult mosquitoes acquire their microbiome, what influences community structure, and whether the microbiome is important for survival. here, we used pyrosequencing of 16s rrna to characterize the bacterial communities of three mosquito species reared under identical conditions. two of these species, aedes aegypti and an ... | 2014 | 24766707 |
| mosquito larvicidal properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized using heliotropium indicum (boraginaceae) against aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes transmit dreadful diseases to human beings wherein biological control of these vectors using plant-derived molecules would be an alternative to reduce mosquito population. in the present study activity of aqueous leaf extract and silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized using helitropium indicum plant leaves against late third instar larvae of aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus. the range of varying concentrations of synthesized agnps (8, 16, 24, 32, and 40 ... | 2014 | 24770671 |
| "green" nanotechnologies: synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants. | while metal nanoparticles are being increasingly used in many sectors of the economy, there is growing interest in the biological and environmental safety of their production. the main methods for nanoparticle production are chemical and physical approaches that are often costly and potentially harmful to the environment. the present review is devoted to the possibility of metal nanoparticle synthesis using plant extracts. this approach has been actively pursued in recent years as an alternative ... | 2014 | 24772325 |
| collagen-binding protein, aegyptin, regulates probing time and blood feeding success in the dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti. | mosquito salivary glands have important roles in blood feeding and pathogen transmission. however, the biological relevance of many salivary components has yet to be determined. aegyptin, a secreted salivary protein from aedes aegypti, binds collagen and inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion. we used a transgenic approach to study the relevance of aegyptin in mosquito blood feeding. aedes aegypti manipulated genetically to express gene-specific inverted-repeat rna sequences exhibited signif ... | 2014 | 24778255 |
| draft genome sequences of two bacillus thuringiensis strains and characterization of a putative 41.9-kda insecticidal toxin. | in this work, we report the genome sequencing of two bacillus thuringiensis strains using illumina next-generation sequencing technology (ngs). strain hu4-2, toxic to many lepidopteran pest species and to some mosquitoes, encoded genes for two insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins, cry1ia and cry9ea, and a vegetative insecticidal protein (vip) gene, vip3ca2. strain leapi01 contained genes coding for seven cry proteins (cry1aa, cry1ca, cry1da, cry2ab, cry9ea and two cry1ia gene variants) and a vip3 ... | 2014 | 24784323 |
| a wickerhamomyces anomalus killer strain in the malaria vector anopheles stephensi. | the yeast wickerhamomyces anomalus has been investigated for several years for its wide biotechnological potential, especially for applications in the food industry. specifically, the antimicrobial activity of this yeast, associated with the production of killer toxins (kts), has attracted a great deal of attention. the strains of w. anomalus able to produce kts, called "killer" yeasts, have been shown to be highly competitive in the environment. different w. anomalus strains have been isolated ... | 2014 | 24788884 |
| chemical composition and larvicidal activity of plant extracts from clausena dentata (willd) (rutaceae) against dengue, malaria, and filariasis vectors. | mosquitoes in the larval stage are attractive targets for pesticides because mosquitoes breed in water, and thus, it is easy to deal with them in this habitat. the use of conventional pesticides in the water sources, however, introduces many risks to people and/or the environment. natural pesticides, especially those derived from plants, are more promising in this aspect. aromatic plants and their essential oils are very important sources of many compounds that are used in different respects. in ... | 2014 | 24802866 |
| development of a transgenic plasmodium berghei line (pb pfpkg) expressing the p. falciparum cgmp-dependent protein kinase, a novel antimalarial drug target. | with the inevitable selection of resistance to antimalarial drugs in treated populations, there is a need for new medicines to enter the clinic and new targets to progress through the drug discovery pipeline. in this study we set out to develop a transgenic rodent model for testing inhibitors of the plasmodium falciparum cyclic gmp-dependent kinase in vivo. a model was needed that would allow us to investigate whether differences in amino acid sequence of this enzyme between species influences i ... | 2014 | 24805991 |
| survival of west nile virus-challenged southern house mosquitoes, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, in relation to environmental temperatures. | we investigated the effect of west nile virus (wnv) infection on survival in two colonies of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) originating from vero beach and gainesville, fl. mosquitoes were fed west nile virus-infected blood and checked daily for survival. exposure to wnv decreased survival among cx. p. quinquefasciatus from gainesville relative to unexposed individuals at 31° c. in contrast, exposure to wnv enhanced survival among cx. p. quinquefasciatus from vero beach ... | 0 | 24820564 |
| heritable strategies for controlling insect vectors of disease. | mosquito-borne diseases are causing a substantial burden of mortality, morbidity and economic loss in many parts of the world, despite current control efforts, and new complementary approaches to controlling these diseases are needed. one promising class of new interventions under development involves the heritable modification of the mosquito by insertion of novel genes into the nucleus or of wolbachia endosymbionts into the cytoplasm. once released into a target population, these modifications ... | 2014 | 24821918 |
| analyzing mosquito (diptera: culicidae) diversity in pakistan by dna barcoding. | although they are important disease vectors mosquito biodiversity in pakistan is poorly known. recent epidemics of dengue fever have revealed the need for more detailed understanding of the diversity and distributions of mosquito species in this region. dna barcoding improves the accuracy of mosquito inventories because morphological differences between many species are subtle, leading to misidentifications. | 2014 | 24827460 |
| a next-generation genetically attenuated plasmodium falciparum parasite created by triple gene deletion. | immunization with live-attenuated plasmodium sporozoites completely protects against malaria infection. genetic engineering offers a versatile platform to create live-attenuated sporozoite vaccine candidates. we previously generated a genetically attenuated parasite (gap) by deleting the p52 and p36 genes in the nf54 wild-type (wt) strain of plasmodium falciparum (pf p52(-)/p36(-) gap). preclinical assessment of p52(-)/p36(-) gap in a humanized mouse model indicated an early and severe liver sta ... | 2014 | 24827907 |
| a scalable assessment of plasmodium falciparum transmission in the standard membrane-feeding assay, using transgenic parasites expressing green fluorescent protein-luciferase. | the development of drugs and vaccines to reduce malaria transmission is an important part of eradication plans. the transmission-reducing activity (tra) of these agents is currently determined in the standard membrane-feeding assay (smfa), based on subjective microscopy-based readouts and with limitations in upscaling and throughput. | 2014 | 24829466 |
| monitoring of malaria, japanese encephalitis and filariasis vectors. | vector monitoring in military stations would help in protecting the armed forces from vector borne diseases such as malaria, japanese encephalitis and filariasis. | 2013 | 24843200 |
| first steps towards underdominant genetic transformation of insect populations. | the idea of introducing genetic modifications into wild populations of insects to stop them from spreading diseases is more than 40 years old. synthetic disease refractory genes have been successfully generated for mosquito vectors of dengue fever and human malaria. equally important is the development of population transformation systems to drive and maintain disease refractory genes at high frequency in populations. we demonstrate an underdominant population transformation system in drosophila ... | 2014 | 24844466 |
| discovery and evolution of bunyavirids in arctic phantom midges and ancient bunyavirid-like sequences in insect genomes. | bunyaviridae is a large family of rna viruses chiefly comprised of vertebrate and plant pathogens. we discovered novel bunyavirids that are approximately equally divergent from each of the five known genera. we characterized novel genome sequences for two bunyavirids, namely, kigluaik phantom virus (kigv), from tundra-native phantom midges (chaoborus), and nome phantom virus (nomv), from tundra-invading phantom midges, and demonstrated that these bunyavirid-like sequences belong to an infectious ... | 2014 | 24850747 |
| cd8+ t cells from a novel t cell receptor transgenic mouse induce liver-stage immunity that can be boosted by blood-stage infection in rodent malaria. | to follow the fate of cd8+ t cells responsive to plasmodium berghei anka (pba) infection, we generated an mhc i-restricted tcr transgenic mouse line against this pathogen. t cells from this line, termed pbt-i t cells, were able to respond to blood-stage infection by pba and two other rodent malaria species, p. yoelii xnl and p. chabaudi as. these pbt-i t cells were also able to respond to sporozoites and to protect mice from liver-stage infection. examination of the requirements for priming afte ... | 2014 | 24854165 |
| biofabrication of ag nanoparticles using sterculia foetida l. seed extract and their toxic potential against mosquito vectors and hela cancer cells. | a one-step and eco-friendly process for the synthesis of silver-(protein-lipid) nanoparticles (ag-pl nps) (core-shell) has been developed using the seed extract from wild indian almond tree, sterculia foetida (l.) (sterculiaceae). the reaction temperature played a major role in controlling the size and shell formation of nps. the amount of nps synthesized and qualitative characterization was done by uv-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (tem), respectively. tem studies exhibit ... | 2014 | 24863217 |
| blood feeding and plasmodium infection alters the mirnome of anopheles stephensi. | blood feeding is an integral process required for physiological functions and propagation of the malaria vector anopheles. during blood feeding, presence of the malaria parasite, plasmodium in the blood induces several host effector molecules including micrornas which play important roles in the development and maturation of the parasite within the mosquito. the present study was undertaken to elucidate the dynamic expression of mirnas during gonotrophic cycle and parasite development in anophel ... | 2014 | 24866389 |
| knockdown of mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) signalling in the midgut of anopheles stephensi mosquitoes using antisense morpholinos. | arthropod-borne infectious diseases are responsible for nearly 1.5 million deaths annually across the globe, with malaria responsible for >50% of these deaths. recent efforts to enhance malaria control have focused on developing genetically modified anopheles mosquitoes that are resistant to malaria parasite infection by manipulating proteins that are essential to the immune response. although this approach has shown promise, the lack of efficient genetic tools in the mosquito makes it difficult ... | 2014 | 24866718 |
| identification of a novel strong and ubiquitous promoter/enhancer in the silkworm bombyx mori. | transgenic techniques offer a valuable tool for determining gene functions. although various promoters are available for use in gene overexpression, gene knockdown, and identification of transgenic individuals, there is nevertheless a lack of versatile promoters for such studies, and this dearth acts as a bottleneck, especially with regard to nonmodel organisms. here, we succeeded in identifying a novel strong and ubiquitous promoter/enhancer in the silkworm. we identified a unique silkworm stra ... | 2014 | 24875626 |
| screening for adulticidal activity against anopheles arabiensis in ten plants used as mosquito repellent in south africa. | due to the development of resistance to synthetic insecticides, adverse effects to human health, non-target organisms and the environment, there is an urgent need to develop new insecticides, which are effective, safe, biodegrable and target-specific. this study was undertaken to evaluate the adulticidal activity of 10 plants used traditionally as mosquito repellents in south africa. | 2014 | 24884500 |
| using infective mosquitoes to challenge monkeys with plasmodium knowlesi in malaria vaccine studies. | when rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) are used to test malaria vaccines, animals are often challenged by the intravenous injection of sporozoites. however, natural exposure to malaria comes via mosquito bite, and antibodies can neutralize sporozoites as they traverse the skin. thus, intravenous injection may not fairly assess humoral immunity from anti-sporozoite malaria vaccines. to better assess malaria vaccines in rhesus, a method to challenge large numbers of monkeys by mosquito bite was deve ... | 2014 | 24893777 |
| discovery of hdac inhibitors with potent activity against multiple malaria parasite life cycle stages. | in this work we investigated the antiplasmodial activity of a series of hdac inhibitors containing an alkoxyamide connecting-unit linker region. hdac inhibitor 1a (lmk235), previously shown to be a novel and specific inhibitor of human hdac4 and 5, was used as a starting point to rapidly construct a mini-library of hdac inhibitors using a straightforward solid-phase supported synthesis. several of these novel hdac inhibitors were found to have potent in vitro activity against asexual stage plasm ... | 2014 | 24904967 |
| ambient temperature and dietary supplementation interact to shape mosquito vector competence for malaria. | the extent to which environmental factors influence the ability of anopheles mosquitoes to transmit malaria parasites remains poorly explored. environmental variation, such as change in ambient temperature, will not necessarily influence the rates of host and parasite processes equivalently, potentially resulting in complex effects on infection outcomes. as proof of principle, we used anopheles stephensi and the rodent malaria parasite, plasmodium yoelii, to examine the effects of a range of con ... | 2014 | 24911425 |
| kaf156 is an antimalarial clinical candidate with potential for use in prophylaxis, treatment, and prevention of disease transmission. | renewed global efforts toward malaria eradication have highlighted the need for novel antimalarial agents with activity against multiple stages of the parasite life cycle. we have previously reported the discovery of a novel class of antimalarial compounds in the imidazolopiperazine series that have activity in the prevention and treatment of blood stage infection in a mouse model of malaria. consistent with the previously reported activity profile of this series, the clinical candidate kaf156 s ... | 2014 | 24913172 |
| simplagrin, a platelet aggregation inhibitor from simulium nigrimanum salivary glands specifically binds to the von willebrand factor receptor in collagen and inhibits carotid thrombus formation in vivo. | among the several challenges faced by bloodsucking arthropods, the vertebrate hemostatic response against blood loss represents an important barrier to efficient blood feeding. here we report the first inhibitor of collagen-induced platelet aggregation derived from the salivary glands of a black fly (simulium nigrimanum), named simplagrin. | 2014 | 24921659 |
| differential roles of an anopheline midgut gpi-anchored protein in mediating plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax ookinete invasion. | novel strategies to directly thwart malaria transmission are needed to maintain the gains achieved by current control measures. transmission-blocking interventions (tbis), namely vaccines and drugs targeting parasite or mosquito molecules required for vector-stage parasite development, have been recognized as promising approaches for preventing malaria transmission. however, the number of tbi targets is limited and their degree of conservation among the major vector-parasite systems causing huma ... | 2014 | 24929123 |
| ecophysiology of anopheles gambiae s.l.: persistence in the sahel. | the dry-season biology of malaria vectors is poorly understood, especially in arid environments when no surface waters are available for several months, such as during the dry season in the sahel. here we reappraise results on the dry-season physiology of members of the anopheles gambiae s.l. complex in the broad context of dormancy in insects and especially in mosquitoes. we examine evidence on seasonal changes in reproduction, metabolism, stress tolerance, nutrition, molecular regulation, and ... | 2014 | 24933461 |
| identification and characterization of seminal fluid proteins in the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus. | the asian tiger mosquito (aedes albopictus) is an important vector for pathogens that affect human health, including the viruses that cause dengue and chikungunya fevers. it is also one of the world's fastest-spreading invasive species. for these reasons, it is crucial to identify strategies for controlling the reproduction and spread of this mosquito. during mating, seminal fluid proteins (sfps) are transferred from male mosquitoes to females, and these sfps modulate female behavior and physiol ... | 2014 | 24945155 |
| genetic basis of pyrethroid resistance in a population of anopheles arabiensis, the primary malaria vector in lower moshi, north-eastern tanzania. | pyrethroid resistance has been slower to emerge in anopheles arabiensis than in an. gambiae s.s and an. funestus and, consequently, studies are only just beginning to unravel the genes involved. permethrin resistance in an. arabiensis in lower moshi, tanzania has been linked to elevated levels of both p450 monooxygenases and β-esterases. we have conducted a gene expression study to identify specific genes linked with metabolic resistance in the lower moshi an. arabiensis population. | 2014 | 24946780 |
| a global assembly of adult female mosquito mark-release-recapture data to inform the control of mosquito-borne pathogens. | pathogen transmission by mosquitos is known to be highly sensitive to mosquito bionomic parameters. mosquito mark-release-recapture (mmrr) experiments are a standard method for estimating such parameters including dispersal, population size and density, survival, blood feeding frequency and blood meal host preferences. | 2014 | 24946878 |
| differential expression of glutathione s-transferase enzyme in different life stages of various insecticide-resistant strains of anopheles stephensi: a malaria vector. | interest in insect glutathione s-transferases (gsts) has primarily focused on their role in insecticide resistance. these play an important role in biotransformation and detoxification of many different xenobiotic and endogenous substances including insecticides. the gst activity among 10 laboratory selected insecticide resistant and susceptible/control strains of anopheles stephensi was compared using the substrates 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb). the difference in the gst activities of dif ... | 2014 | 24947216 |
| pirna pathway gene expression in the malaria vector mosquito anopheles stephensi. | the ability of transposons to mobilize to new places in a genome enables them to introgress rapidly into populations. the pirna pathway has been characterized recently in the germ line of the fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster, and is responsible for downregulating transposon mobility. transposons have been used as tools in mosquitoes to genetically transform a number of species including anopheles stephensi, a vector of human malaria. these mobile genetic elements also have been proposed as too ... | 2014 | 24947897 |
| the salivary secretome of the biting midge, culicoides sonorensis. | culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous insects with over 1400 species distributed throughout the world. many of these species are of particular agricultural importance as primary vectors of bluetongue and schmallenberg viruses, yet little is known about culicoides genomics and proteomics. detailed studies of members from other blood-feeding dipteran families, including those of mosquito (culicidae) and black fly (simuliidae), have shown that protein components with ... | 2014 | 24949243 |
| engineered single nucleotide polymorphisms in the mosquito mek docking site alter plasmodium berghei development in anopheles gambiae. | susceptibility to plasmodium infection in anopheles gambiae has been proposed to result from naturally occurring polymorphisms that alter the strength of endogenous innate defenses. despite the fact that some of these mutations are known to introduce non-synonymous substitutions in coding sequences, these mutations have largely been used to rationalize knockdown of associated target proteins to query the effects on parasite development in the mosquito host. here, we assay the effects of engineer ... | 2014 | 24957684 |
| artesunate versus chloroquine infection-treatment-vaccination defines stage-specific immune responses associated with prolonged sterile protection against both pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic plasmodium yoelii infection. | sterile protection against malaria infection can be achieved through vaccination of mice and humans with whole plasmodium spp. parasites. one such method, known as infection-treatment-vaccination (itv), involves immunization with wild type sporozoites (spz) under drug coverage. in this work, we used the different effects of antimalarial drugs chloroquine (cq) and artesunate (as) on blood stage (bs) parasites to dissect the stage-specific immune responses in mice immunized with plasmodium yoelii ... | 2014 | 24958899 |
| situation of malaria in kolkata municipal corporation area: a secondary data analysis report 2011. | a descriptive study was designed based on secondary data of kolkata municipal corporation (kmc). | 0 | 24963229 |
| cooperation and conflict in host manipulation: interactions among macro-parasites and micro-organisms. | several parasite species are known to manipulate the phenotype of their hosts in ways that enhance their own transmission. co-occurrence of manipulative parasites, belonging to the same species or to more than one species, in a single host has been regularly observed. little is known, however, on interactions between co-occurring manipulative parasites with same or different transmission routes. several models addressing this problem have provided predictions on how cooperation and conflict betw ... | 2014 | 24966851 |
| hijacking of host cellular functions by an intracellular parasite, the microsporidian anncaliia algerae. | intracellular pathogens including bacteria, viruses and protozoa hijack host cell functions to access nutrients and to bypass cellular defenses and immune responses. these strategies have been acquired through selective pressure and allowed pathogens to reach an appropriate cellular niche for their survival and growth. to get new insights on how parasites hijack host cellular functions, we developed a silac (stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture) quantitative proteomics workflow ... | 2014 | 24967735 |