Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| acute respiratory infections in children from a deprived urban population from uruguay. | to obtain base line data on incidence, duration, clinical characteristics and etiology of acute respiratory infections (ari), 276 children from deprived families living in montevideo were followed during 32 months. the target population was divided into two groups for the analysis of the results: children aged less than 12 months and those older than this age. during the follow-up period 1.056 ari episodes were recorded. ari incidence was 5.2 per child/year. it was 87% higher in infants than in ... | 1994 | 7997774 |
| pressure transmission across the respiratory system at raised lung volumes in infants. | forced expiratory flow-volume (fefv) curves can be generated from end-tidal inspiration in infants with use of an inflatable jacket. we have developed a technique to raise lung volume in the infant before generation of fefv curves. measurements of pressure transmission to the airway opening by use of static maneuvers have shown no change with increasing lung volume above end-tidal inspiration. the aim of this study was to determine, under dynamic conditions (i.e., during rapid thoracic compressi ... | 1994 | 8002486 |
| [a retrospective survey on the respiratory course of severe bronchiolitis]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infancy can induce bronchial reactivity and virus-specific ige production; these responses may favor the later development of asthma. this retrospective study examines the influences of early and severe forms of bronchiolitis on such an outcome. | 1993 | 8002720 |
| [prevalence and clinical aspects of a and b subgroups of respiratory syncytial virus infection. observation of 8 consecutive epidemics between 1982 and 1990]. | infants suffering from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can have severe responses that require intensive care. this study compares the epidemiologic patterns and the severity of respiratory diseases produced by rsv strain subtypes a and b. | 1993 | 8002736 |
| subgrouping of respiratory syncytial virus strains from australia and papua new guinea by biological and antigenic characteristics. | strains of respiratory syncytial virus from 3 major areas of australia and papua new guinea (png) were analyzed for variations in their antigenic and biological properties and in the molecular weights of their major structural proteins. seventy-eight strains from infants and young children with lri were collected from 1981-1984. the rsv season in the australian cities lasted from april through september, with major peaks in july of each year, while the rsv season in tropical png was year-round, ... | 1994 | 8002781 |
| concerned about ribavirin recommendations. | 1994 | 8008526 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis: comparative study of rsv groups a and b infected children. | the grouping characteristics of 29 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) present in nasopharyngeal cells collected from hospitalized children with bronchiolitis during the 1990 rsv season in porto alegre, rs, were analysed. twenty-two were grouped as belonging to group a and 7 to group b. cyanosis, oxygen therapy, cough, length of hospitalization and atelectasis were observed to be more frequently found within group b infected children. other clinical signs and symptoms were similarly found in both ... | 1994 | 8008913 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus--a severe pathogen in danish children]. | 1994 | 8009667 | |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection. a frequent child disease in denmark with annual outbreaks]. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of illness in infants often leading to hospital admission during the winter months. diagnosis of rsv by direct detection of virus antigen has been implemented in a number of departments of clinical microbiology, and on this background a descriptive study of the seasonal incidence, sex and age distribution of rsv in two danish counties was undertaken. a total of 5533 clinical episodes of respiratory infection were registered f ... | 1994 | 8009668 |
| [how to prevent the spreading of respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric departments?]. | 1994 | 8009680 | |
| clinical virology in children. | virology has become an increasingly important field of medicine in the past decade. many infectious diseases that were once of unknown etiology can now be linked to the specific viral pathogen. new methods for diagnosing and treating viral diseases are being developed. in addition, antiviral therapy or prophylaxis is available for many of these viral illnesses. this article reviews the basic medical aspects of some viral infections. human parvovirus b19 causes erythema infectiosum, with the clas ... | 1994 | 8017260 |
| simultaneous pulmonary infection with respiratory syncytial virus and human cytomegalovirus. | 1994 | 8017978 | |
| progressive bronchial obstruction during the acute stage of respiratory tract infection in asthmatic children. | to study the time-course of infectious asthma, we retrospectively examined fev1 from 5 days before to 10 days after the onset of illness in 31 asthmatic children (20 boys and 11 girls), aged 8 to 12 years. infections were confirmed by a rise of at least fourfold in serum compliment fixation titers (respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae) and hemoagglutination inhibition titers (parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3). all the patients had 20 percent or more fall in fev ... | 1994 | 8020253 |
| complex atrial tachycardias and respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of respiratory infections in children, has only rarely been associated with acquired heart disease. we reviewed hospital charts, rhythm strips, and electrocardiograms of 8 infants with abnormal supraventricular tachycardia (svt), > 250 beats/min, associated with acute rsv infections. cultures of nasopharyngeal specimens from six of eight infants grew rsv. two infants with negative viral culture results had symptoms typical of an rsv infection dur ... | 1994 | 8021780 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections and immunoglobulin concentrations. | in a prospective study in 86 children with respiratory syncytial virus infections, no relation was detected between the severity of infection (based on diagnosis, chest radiography findings, need for mechanical ventilation, and duration of hospitalisation) and serum concentrations of igg, iga, igm, and igg1-4 on admission. | 1993 | 8024304 |
| an update on approaches to the development of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) vaccines. | rsv and piv3 are responsible for about 30% of severe viral respiratory tract disease leading to hospitalization of infants and children. for this reason, there is a need to develop vaccines effective against these viruses. since these viruses cause severe disease in early infancy, vaccines must be effective in the presence of maternal antibody. currently, several strategies for immunization against these viruses are being explored including peptide vaccines, subunit vaccines, vectored vaccines ( ... | 1994 | 8030364 |
| antiviral activity of a sulphated polysaccharide from the red seaweed nothogenia fastigiata. | the antiviral activity of polysaccharide fractions obtained from water extracts of the red seaweed nothogenia fastigiata was investigated. fraction f6, corresponding to a sulphated xylomannan, was found to inhibit efficiently the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). furthermore, f6 selectively inhibited the replication of several other enveloped viruses including herpes simplex virus type 2, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), respiratory syncytial virus, influenza a and b virus, junin ... | 1994 | 8031312 |
| humoral, mucosal, and cellular immune response to topical immunization with a subunit respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. | the efficacy of topical immunization with the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein was tested in mice using cholera toxin b chain (ctb) as an adjuvant. the dose of ctb required for the adjuvant effect (as measured by local and systemic antibody stimulation) and protection from viral challenge was > or = 5 micrograms. with this dose, mice immunized intranasally with ctb plus f protein were highly protected from viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract. this prote ... | 1994 | 8035021 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-specific cell-mediated immune responses after vaccination with a purified fusion protein subunit vaccine. | vaccination with a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein subunit vaccine (pfp-2) was done to determine if this vaccine induced evidence of cell-mediated immunity to rsv and if cell-mediated immunity prevented rsv reinfection. healthy children 12-18 months old received 50 micrograms of pfp-2 or a saline control. lymphocyte transformation (ltf) responses were determined before and 1 and 6 months after vaccination. pfp-2 induced positive ltf responses in 5 (83%) of 6 subjects whose preva ... | 1994 | 8035030 |
| enhanced pulmonary histopathology induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) challenge of formalin-inactivated rsv-immunized balb/c mice is abrogated by depletion of interleukin-4 (il-4) and il-10. | in previous studies, children immunized with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine (fi-rsv) developed severe pulmonary disease with greater frequency than did controls during subsequent natural rsv infection. in earlier efforts to develop an animal model for this phenomenon, extensive pulmonary histopathology developed in fi-rsv-immunized cotton rats and mice subsequently challenged with rsv. in mice, depletion of cd4+ t cells at the time of rsv challenge completely abrogate ... | 1994 | 8035532 |
| sequence of the phosphoprotein gene of pneumonia virus of mice: expression of multiple proteins from two overlapping reading frames. | the gene encoding the phosphoprotein of the pneumovirus pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) has been cloned and sequenced. the gene is 903 nucleotides in length and contains a long open reading frame (orf) capable of encoding a polypeptide of 295 amino acid residues. a smaller, second, overlapping orf encoding a polypeptide 137 amino acids in length was also present. the large orf directed the synthesis of a 39-kda polypeptide and four additional polypeptides with masses of 37 kda, 26 kda, 23 kda, and ... | 1994 | 8035533 |
| clinical experience with aerosolized immunoglobulin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | 1994 | 8036055 | |
| second-year surveillance of recipients of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f protein subunit vaccine, pfp-1: evaluation of antibody persistence and possible disease enhancement. | in a previous study, children 18 to 36 months of age and seropositive for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were vaccinated with an rsv subunit vaccine (pfp-1) consisting of the viral fusion protein. vaccines developed substantial increases in anti-fusion and neutralizing antibody and exhibited protection against rsv infection through one rsv epidemic, in comparison to controls. this present study of the same cohort was undertaken to determine the persistence of antibody responses and immunity t ... | 1994 | 8036830 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchopneumonia in a young chimpanzee. | a fatal bronchopneumonia in a captive, 14-month-old female chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) is reported. clinical, necropsy and histopathological findings, together with immunofluorescence and virus isolation studies implicated respiratory syncytial virus as the causative agent. the probable pathogenesis is discussed. | 1994 | 8040386 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus]. | 1994 | 8043749 | |
| effect of maternal antibody on iga antibody response in nasopharyngeal secretion in infants and children during primary respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the iga antibody response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was determined in nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) of 22 infants and children infected with rsv group a strains, employing an elisa. the antibody activity observed during the convalescent phase against whole virus, fusion glycoprotein (f) and large glycoprotein (g) was examined in young infants (under 6 months) and compared with that of older individuals (6 to 16 months). both groups showed similar degrees of iga antibody activity to ... | 1994 | 8046418 |
| in vivo production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in balb/c mice inoculated intranasally with a high dose of respiratory syncytial virus. | intranasal administration of an inoculum of 10(7) focus-forming units (ffu) of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus induced disease in balb/c mice with signs of anorexia, cachexia, ruffled fur, and pneumonia. mice displayed mild signs of illness on day 1 postinoculation (pi), followed by a transient recovery phase of 3 days. disease rapidly reappeared on day 5 pi and worsened on subsequent days, with mortalities by day 7 pi. mice inoculated with 5 x 10(6) ffu exhibited milder signs of disease, while ... | 1994 | 8046422 |
| antigenic diversity of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b strains circulating during a community outbreak of infection. | the epidemiological characteristics and relationship between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup and virulence during an outbreak of rsv infection occurring in southeast texas in the winter season 1991/92 are described. fifty-two infants and children were diagnosed with rsv infection by rapid viral antigen detection and/or viral isolation. subgrouping of the isolates was carried out using 11-monoclonal anti-bodies. ten isolates were found to be subgroup b, and 8 isolates were subgroup a. ... | 1994 | 8046428 |
| the origins of childhood asthma. | asthma is a clinical syndrome characterised by airways hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. there are three primary environmental exposures that lead to airway inflammation: allergen exposure, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, and viral respiratory infections. these exposures, separately or combined, result in clinical disease relatively early in childhood in genetically susceptible individuals. treatment has evolved along two distinct lines: anti-inflammatory medications and exposur ... | 1994 | 8049701 |
| a trial of rsv immune globulin in infants and young children: the fda's view. | 1994 | 8054049 | |
| vaccines and cytokine-mediated pathology in rsv infection. | 1994 | 8055177 | |
| mixed viral infections: detection and management. | an analysis was done of the incidence and nature of mixed virus infections diagnosed in the same clinical specimen from immunocompetent patients; respiratory viruses were emphasized. few studies have addressed mixed viral infections in any systematic fashion. the relevant studies reviewed focused on clinical relationships or diagnostic methods. data relating to multiple infections were usually derived incidentally to the purpose of the investigations. sixty-three percent of the reports with data ... | 1994 | 8055464 |
| biology of parainfluenza viruses. | parainfluenza virus types 1 to 4 (piv1 to piv4) are important human pathogens that cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections, especially in infants and children. piv1, piv2, and piv3 are second only to respiratory syncytial virus as a cause of croup in young children. although some clinical symptoms are typical of pivs, etiologic diagnosis always requires detection of infectious virus, viral components, or an antibody response. pivs are typical paramyxoviruses, causing a syncytial cytop ... | 1994 | 8055470 |
| evolutionary pattern of human respiratory syncytial virus (subgroup a): cocirculating lineages and correlation of genetic and antigenic changes in the g glycoprotein. | the genetic and antigenic variability of the g glycoproteins from 76 human respiratory syncytial (rs) viruses (subgroup a) isolated during six consecutive epidemics in either montevideo, uruguay, or madrid, spain, have been analyzed. genetic diversity was evaluated for all viruses by the rnase a mismatch cleavage method and for selected strains by dideoxy sequencing. the sequences reported here were added to those published for six isolates from birmingham, united kingdom, and for two reference ... | 1994 | 8057427 |
| oligo(a) sequences of human respiratory syncytial virus g protein gene: assessment of their genetic stability in frameshift mutants. | we have described previously antibody-resistant mutants of the human respiratory syncytial virus long strain that contained frameshift changes generated by deletions or insertions of a single adenosine in oligo(a) tracts (mrna sense) of the g protein gene. since these mutations introduced drastic structural and antigenic changes in the g protein c-terminal third, we decided to test the mutant stability by passaging the viruses in either the presence or the absence of selective antibody. two such ... | 1994 | 8057428 |
| pediatric critical care. | the search for more effective therapies and techniques directed toward shock and resuscitation continues to be the subject of extensive research in the critical care literature. one area of intense focus is the hypothesis that nonsurvivors with poor oxygen delivery can be converted to survivors if their oxygen delivery variables are maximized. based on recent controlled clinical trials, this remains controversial. in addition, the notion of monoclonal antibody as the magic bullet for endotoxin-i ... | 1994 | 8061738 |
| pneumonia in the neonatal intensive care unit. diagnosis by quantitative bacterial tracheal aspirate cultures. | growth of > or = 10(5) colonies of bacteria per milliliter obtained at bronchoscopy in children and adults correlates with bacterial pneumonia. to determine whether quantitative tracheal aspirate cultures aid in diagnosis of pneumonia in the neonatal intensive care unit setting, tracheal aspirates were obtained from 25 infants who had recently undergone endotracheal intubation; 15 of the infants had suspected pneumonia and 10 control infants had undergone intubation for suspected apnea of premat ... | 1994 | 8064419 |
| epithelial interleukin-11. regulation by cytokines, respiratory syncytial virus, and retinoic acid. | interleukin-11 (il-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine with effects that overlap with il-6. to determine if il-11 is produced by epithelial cells, we determined whether human alveolar a549 cells and airway 9hte cells produce il-11. we also determined whether retinoic acid (ra) altered this il-11 production. unstimulated cells produced low levels of il-11, while il-1, transforming growth factor (tgf-beta 1), and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) stimulated il-11 protein production and mrna accumulation ... | 1994 | 8071352 |
| pattern of drug usage in bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is a common viral respiratory infection in infants and young children. the objective of this study was to assess the pattern of drug usage in paediatric patients with bronchiolitis. one hundred patients (aged 2 weeks to 22 months) were evaluated. of these, 64% had a respiratory syncytial virus infection. the drug therapy included albuterol in 99%, corticosteroids in 36%, aminophylline in 12% and ribavirin in 2% of the patients. the drug doses and frequencies, and durations of thera ... | 1994 | 8071391 |
| passive protection against respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants: the role of maternal antibody. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for serious respiratory disease in young infants. more than 75% of the 678 children hospitalized for rsv at baylor-affiliated hospitals in houston, tx, between october, 1992, and march, 1993, were 5 months of age or younger. the importance of maternal antibody in the immunity against rsv disease has been debated. more recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated protection against rsv in babies born to mothers with high levels of neutralizing rs ... | 1994 | 8072835 |
| role of antibody and the use of respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin in the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease in preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the only viral respiratory pathogen that produces an annual epidemic of respiratory illness. infants with cardiac disease or infants born prematurely with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia are at increased risk of severe rsv disease. a recently developed rsv immunoglobulin (rsvig) was studied to determine safety and efficacy in prevention of severe rsv disease in such children who are high risk for severe rsv illness. results from this prospective, blinde ... | 1994 | 8072836 |
| the effect of a combined pasteurella haemolytica and haemophilus somnus vaccine and a modified-live bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine against enzootic pneumonia in young beef calves. | 1994 | 8076280 | |
| [ribavirin treatment of children with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis]. | until recently, the pharmacological treatment of infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis has been limited to inhalation of adrenergic alfa- and beta 2-agonists, with the objective of reducing airway oedema and smooth muscle tension, thus improving oxygenation and reducing airway resistance. corticosteroid treatment, aimed at attenuating the inflammatory response in the airway, has also been used. the introduction of the antiviral drug ribavirin, licensed in the us in 1986 a ... | 1994 | 8079317 |
| interaction of alveolar macrophages and respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract illness in infants. however, the mechanisms leading to resolution of rsv infections are poorly understood. since alveolar macrophages play an important role in defending the respiratory tract against infectious agents we investigated the interactions of rsv with these cells. murine alveolar macrophages were challenged in vitro with rsv at different multiplicities of infection. the percentage of macrophages expres ... | 1994 | 8083519 |
| efficacy of adenovirus-vectored respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in a new ferret model. | in the absence of an adequate small animal model for testing the efficacy of adenovirus-vectored respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccines, a ferret model was established for this purpose. recombinant adenovirus types 4, 5 and 7 expressing the rsv fusion glycoprotein (f), the attachment glycoprotein (g) or both f and g were constructed previously. these recombinants contain a deletion of a large portion of the e3 region of the respective adenovirus vector. in addition, an ad7(e3+)f recombinant ... | 1994 | 8085377 |
| eosinophil cationic protein in nasopharyngeal secretions and serum of infants infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) was assayed in nasopharyngeal secretion (nps) and serum from 42 infants, hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection, in el salvador and the results analyzed in relation to etiology of the infection. ecp concentrations were high in nps, at an average 50 times higher than those found in serum. exceedingly high levels of ecp (> 1000 micrograms/l) were found more frequently in wheezing than in non-wheezing children (30% vs 7%) and, accordingly, were more co ... | 1994 | 8087188 |
| peripheral blood eosinophil counts and eosinophil cationic protein content of respiratory secretions in bronchiolitis: relationship to severity of disease. | infants and young children with acute viral respiratory illness were studied to determine the association of peripheral blood eosinophil counts and concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) in nasopharyngeal secretions with the development and severity of bronchiolitis. subjects included those with upper respiratory illness (uri) alone, pneumonia or bronchiolitis. controls consisted of healthy infants, and those hospitalized with non-respiratory illnesses. while peripheral blood eosino ... | 1994 | 8087190 |
| satisfactorily attenuated and protective mutants derived from a partially attenuated cold-passaged respiratory syncytial virus mutant by introduction of additional attenuating mutations during chemical mutagenesis. | a cold-passaged rsv mutant, designated cp-rsv, which acquired host range mutations during 52 passages at low temperature in bovine tissue culture, was completely attenuated for seropositive adults and children but retained the capacity to cause upper respiratory disease in seronegative infants. we sought to introduce additional attenuating mutations, such as temperature-sensitive (ts) and small-plaque (sp) mutations, into the cp-rsv mutant, which is a ts+ virus, in order to generate a mutant whi ... | 1994 | 8091846 |
| induction of local and systemic immunity against human respiratory syncytial virus using a chimeric fg glycoprotein and cholera toxin b subunit. | local iga and igg antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were induced in the respiratory tract of mice following intranasal vaccination with an rsv chimeric fg glycoprotein and cholera toxin b (ctb) as a mucosal adjuvant. local antibody production was not induced following parenteral immunization with fg administered in alum adjuvant. while both vaccination protocols induced serum antibodies against rsv and protected the lower respiratory tract from rsv infection, only intranasal f ... | 1994 | 8091852 |
| prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1993 | 8093787 | |
| prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1993 | 8093788 | |
| pathogenesis and treatment of bronchiolitis. | the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, sequelae, and treatment of bronchiolitis are reviewed. acute bronchiolitis is the most common severe lower-respiratory-tract infection of infancy. during epidemics, more than 80% of cases may be caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). although signs and symptoms may become severe, most infections are self-limited and improvement occurs within several days. approximately 1-2% of infants less than one year of age require hospitalization. gene ... | 1993 | 8095871 |
| continuous aerosolised tribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients. | 1993 | 8096599 | |
| analysis of respiratory syncytial virus genetic variability with amplified cdnas. | antigenic and genetic heterogeneities exist within the two major antigenic groups of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. we developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay that not only differentiates the two rs virus groups but allows distinctions within groups on the basis of changes in the nucleotide sequences, as revealed by restriction fragment analysis. in this assay, viral rna served as a template for cdna synthesis with extension from a synthetic oligonucleotide primer complementar ... | 1993 | 8099086 |
| clinical profile of pediatric patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to update the clinical profile of pediatric patients hospitalized with rsv infection, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 246 children (male:female ratio 1.44:1) admitted during one season to a tertiary-care hospital. the most common admitting diagnoses were bronchiolitis (37.4%), pneumonia (32.5%), and possible septicemia (13%). median age was 3 months; median length of stay, three days. twice as many minorities were admitted with rsv infection as all other admissions during the same yea ... | 1993 | 8104752 |
| recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) monoclonal antibody fab is effective therapeutically when introduced directly into the lungs of rsv-infected mice. | previously, recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) monoclonal antibody fabs were generated by antigen selection from random combinatorial libraries displayed at the tip of filamentous phage. two such fabs, which exhibited high binding affinity for rsv f glycoprotein (a major protective antigen), were evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in infected mice just before or at the time of peak virus replication in the lungs. fab 19, which neutralized rsv infectivity with high efficiency in ... | 1994 | 8108420 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult with aids. | 1993 | 8110934 | |
| [bovine serum albumin inhibits the adsorption of respiratory syncytial virus on mdbk cells]. | in order to obtain optimal bovine respiratory syncytial virus adsorption to host cells, the effect of several products (fetal bovine serum, bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin and cytochrome c) was studied. the adsorption of the virus to mdbk cells was higher in the presence of 2% than in the presence of 5% fetal bovine serum. adsorption was inhibited in the presence of bovine serum albumin at concentrations > 0.2% when added before or at the same time as the virus. ovalbumin and cytochrome c did no ... | 1993 | 8111432 |
| smoke and viral infection cause cilia loss detectable by bronchoalveolar lavage cytology and dynein elisa. | the purpose of this study was to quantitate cilia loss following airway epithelial cell injury. two models of airway injury were used: (1) ex vivo acute cigarette smoke exposure model: bovine lungs, obtained directly after slaughter, were ventilated with air or cigarette smoke for 5 min followed immediately by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal). the bronchi were examined histologically and bronchial and alveolar fractions of bal fluid were examined for cell counts, cell differentials, and cilia dynein ... | 1994 | 8111584 |
| morbidity and mortality in a large irish feedlot; microbiological and serological findings in cattle with acute respiratory disease. | a survey of morbidity and mortality was undertaken in a slatted unit containing 6399 beef cattle over a 6 month period. the mortality rate was 0.78% and the morbidity rate was 12.7%. the interval from arrival to morbidity was 25.5 days +/- 0.9. significantly more sick cattle were identified on either mondays or tuesdays than were seen on saturdays or sundays (p < 0.005). the mean interval to mortality (all diseases) was 48.5 days +/- 7.4. respiratory disease was the most frequently recorded dise ... | 1993 | 8111615 |
| antigenic heterogeneity of the attachment protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | a panel of 23 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the attachment (g) glycoprotein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brs virus), recognizing seven antigenic areas on the g protein, was used to determine the antigenic heterogeneity among 19 brs viruses isolated over a 20 year period from various parts of the world. the pattern of reactivity of the isolates, as determined by elisa, identified two major subgroups of brsv. this finding was confirmed by radioimmunoprecipitation of the g pro ... | 1994 | 8113757 |
| nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analysis of the ovine respiratory syncytial virus non-structural 1c and 1b genes and the small hydrophobic protein gene. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects humans and cattle causing serious respiratory tract disease in both. the genome of the human and bovine rsv (hrsv and brsv) codes for two non-structural and eight structural proteins. rsv has also been isolated from naturally infected sheep, but the genome of the ovine rsv (orsv) has not been characterized and nor has the virus host range been identified. here we report on the cloning and sequencing of the two non-structural 1c and 1b genes and of the sm ... | 1994 | 8113762 |
| antigenic diversity of respiratory syncytial viruses and its implication for immunoprophylaxis in ruminants. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a very important pathogen of cattle and perhaps other ruminants. it is a major contributor to the incidence of respiratory tract disease in nursing beef and feedlot and dairy calves. the genome of respiratory syncytial viruses encodes 10 proteins translated from 10 unique mrnas. the major glycoprotein (g), fusion protein (f), 1a protein and the 22k protein are components of the viral envelope. the nucleocapsid contains the nucleocapsid protein (n), th ... | 1993 | 8116189 |
| adult bacterial nasopharyngitis: a clinical entity? | to investigate bacterial nasopharyngitis as a cause of adult upper respiratory infection. | 1993 | 8120682 |
| serum vitamin a levels in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus causes worldwide epidemics of respiratory disease. of 23 children infected with respiratory syncytial virus, 65% had low serum concentrations of vitamin a during acute illness; these low values were associated with more severe illness. vitamin a supplementation may have a role in the management of infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | 1994 | 8120715 |
| ribavirin. | 1993 | 8121363 | |
| [ultrastructural pathology of the placenta in respiratory-syncytial viral infection and mycoplasmosis]. | electron microscopy of the placentas affected by respiratory-syncytial virus and mycoplasmas (mycoplasma urealyticum) revealed the most pronounced alterations in the syncytiotrophoblast structures. destructive changes in the respiratory-syncytial infection were associated with a direct reproduction of viral particles. two types of alterations (acute and long-lasting) reflecting two stages of the infectious process are reported in the mycoplasma infection. | 1993 | 8122978 |
| analysis of respiratory syncytial virus strain variation in successive epidemics in one city. | the variability of respiratory syncytial virus isolates from five successive epidemics in an urban population was determined. a total of 187 isolates of respiratory syncytial virus from the southern part of birmingham, united kingdom, were classified into subgroups a and b and were then further assigned to genetic lineages. allocation of isolates into lineages was achieved by reverse transcription of infected cell rna and then pcr amplification of selected regions of the genome; pcr products wer ... | 1994 | 8126162 |
| respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b dominance during one winter season between 1987 and 1992 in vancouver, canada. | a subgroup analysis of 613 specimens submitted to the british columbia's children's hospital from 1987 to 1992 revealed that subgroups a and b of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were both circulating in our community, with some predominance for subgroup a during the period from october 1987 to september 1988 (the 1987-88 season) (64%), 1990-91 (60%), and 1991-92 (62%). during 1989-90 subgroup a represented the majority of isolates (80%). subgroup b predominated during only one season, 1988-89 ... | 1994 | 8126189 |
| identification of a protein kinase involved in the phosphorylation of the c-terminal region of human respiratory syncytial virus p protein. | p protein, the structural phosphoprotein of the long strain of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, is phosphorylated at serine residues. some of these residues are candidates for modification by casein kinase ii, as they are contained in consensus sequences. a cellular protein kinase, able to phosphorylate the p protein in vitro and apparently associated with purified rs virions, has been partially purified from hep-2 cells. it shows several characteristics similar to those of casein kinase ii. th ... | 1994 | 8126452 |
| asthma and the common cold: can viruses imitate worms? | 1994 | 8128395 | |
| the immunologic response to experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus in lambs. | an experimental model was designed to study the humoral immune response in lambs experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), 25 merino lambs of both sexes, with a live weight of 17 +/- 3 kg, received an intratracheal inoculation of 20 ml. saline solution containing 1.26 x 10(6) tcid50 brsv (strain nmk-7) per ml. blood samples for serological analysis were collected from the jugular vein of the animals on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 15 post inoculation. serum protein ... | 1993 | 8128799 |
| antiviral activity of nerve growth factor in vitro. | the antiviral activity of 'nerve growth factor' (ngf) on non-oncogenic dna, on rna viruses and on moloney sarcoma retrovirus was evaluated in vitro. ngf was active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and moloney sarcoma virus (msv) at non toxic concentrations. the effects of different treatment regimens on hsv-1 infections indicate that the inhibitory action of ngf occurs at the early stages of viral replication. no activity was noted against coxsacki ... | 1993 | 8131710 |
| recurrent wheezing in children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in qatar. | records of 70 infants admitted to hamad general hospital with rsv bronchiolitis and a similar number of controls were retrospectively reviewed. two years after admission, 44% of the infants with rsv bronchiolitis developed recurrent wheezing compared with only 12.9% of controls (p = 0.001). a family history of atopy appeared not to be a significant predisposing factor for the occurrence of recurrent wheezing in post rsv bronchiolitis patients. these results are similar to those from similar stud ... | 1993 | 8131799 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children hospitalized with respiratory illness in riyadh. | the occurrence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among young children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract illness, at king khalid university hospital in riyadh, was examined during the autumn-winter season between september 1991 and february 1992. sixty-nine cases were diagnosed by immunofluorescent antibody staining of viral antigen in nasopharyngeal aspirates from 127 children, constituting 54 per cent of these patients. virus culture was attempted only in a few cases, yield ... | 1993 | 8133556 |
| ribavirin. red book committee recommendations questioned. | 1994 | 8134228 | |
| pediatrics academy updates guidelines on ribavirin use. american academy of pediatrics. | 1994 | 8135258 | |
| [epidemiological study on respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in northern hokkaido, japan]. | we carried out an epidemiological study on lower respiratory tract infections, concerning the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, in northern hokkaido, japan, during the 2-year-study period from april 1991 to march 1993. there were 467 hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections. we examined the presence of rsv antigen in their nasopharyngeal specimens of 456 out of 467 patients (97.6%) by enzyme immunoassay. the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was done by ... | 1994 | 8138666 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines: can we improve on nature? | both inactivated and live rsv candidate vaccines will continue to be tested in infants and young children. sequential vaccination, with a first dose of live attenuated vaccine followed by boosting with intramuscular subunit vaccines, also is an option. we are encouraged by the fact that influenza subunit and cold-adapted live vaccines are both safe and immunogenic in infants and children of the same age group. testing of rsv vaccines must proceed at a slower pace because of the phenomenon of vac ... | 1993 | 8139872 |
| the role of rsv neutralizing antibodies in the treatment and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk children. | studies assessing the use of rsv immune globulin in the treatment of rsv illness are not yet completed. however, a large multicenter trial demonstrated that prophylaxis with rsv immune globulin was safe and efficacious in prevention of serious rsv disease in high-risk infants. refinements in the practical application of rsvig are needed, as intravenous lines are difficult to place and maintain in these fragile infants. with the development of concentrated polyclonal and/or effective monoclonal a ... | 1994 | 8141588 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of some new benzofuran derivatives. | new derivatives of benzofuran were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro activity against a number of dna and rna viruses in various cell systems. compounds 1-(7-dodecyloxy-2-benzofuranyl)ethanone (3c) and 1-(7-tridecyloxy-2-benzofuranyl)ethanone (3d) exhibited a specific activity against respiratory syncytial virus in hela and compound [di(2-acetylbenzofuranyl-7-oxy)]-n-propane (5a) against influenza a virus in mdck. | 1993 | 8141829 |
| frameshifting and antigenic variation in respiratory syncytial virus. | recent studies have suggested that frameshift mutations in the attachment protein gene of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus may contribute to its variability. many pathogens use several mechanisms for antigenic variation to elude their hosts' immune responses, and the frameshift mechanism is not unique to rs virus. indeed, it may turn out to be a widespread genetic phenomenon among pathogens. | 1993 | 8143132 |
| interaction of bovine respiratory syncytial virus with bovine alveolar macrophages in vivo: effects of virus infection upon selected cell functions. | the effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) upon alveolar macrophage (am) function was investigated using an in vivo calf inoculation model. alveolar macrophages were collected sequentially from live calves at multiple time points during the 14 day period following viral inoculation. alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were purified by density gradient centrifugation (> 95% am) prior to in vitro evaluation of cell functions. there were significant but variable and ... | 1994 | 8143252 |
| ribavirin in severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1994 | 8143458 | |
| aerosolized ribavirin in mechanically ventilated children with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease: a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial. | to study the effect of ribavirin aerosol therapy on the immediate clinical course of mechanically ventilated children with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease. | 1994 | 8143465 |
| two family outbreaks of chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | during autumn 1992, we observed two unrelated family outbreaks of chlamydia pneumoniae infection. family a consisted of grandmother (aged 77 yrs), father (aged 41 yrs), mother (aged 38 yrs), daughter (aged 10 yrs), and two sons (aged 6 yrs and 3 months, respectively). the grandmother and daughter suffered from pneumonia, father from pharyngitis and bronchitis and the older son from mild bronchitis. no symptoms were recorded in the mother and younger son. symptomatic subjects showed a fourfold in ... | 1994 | 8143807 |
| [virus infections--disease manifestations and laboratory diagnosis. part 6: mumps virus--respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)]. | 1994 | 8144123 | |
| induction of interferon in human leukocyte cultures by natural pathogenic respiratory viruses. | some common viruses responsible for respiratory disease have been reported to be poor inducers of interferon (ifn). therefore, we have studied the induction of ifn in cultures of human leukocytes exposed under standardized conditions to various concentrations of adenovirus type 7a, coronavirus 229e, an influenza type a virus (h3n2), a rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). all five viruses induced substantial amounts of ifn at a multiplicity of infection of one infectious unit per ce ... | 1993 | 8151137 |
| [thirty seven cases of respiratory syncytial virus infection hospitalised and 7 severe cases with apneic attacks]. | we studied 37 cases of respiratory syncytial virus infection hospitalized during the period january 1, 1989 and march 31, 1993. 37 patients were 0-4 years old on admission. fever, positive crp and elevation of bsg were frequent in patients aged 8 months-4 years old. patient more than 8 months of age didn't need supplementation of oxygen. of the 37 patients, we had one case who had hyponatremia and six cases who were admitted with severe apneic attacks required incubation. of the six cases, one p ... | 1994 | 8151149 |
| [infectious toxic shock in generalized rotaviral infection in newborns]. | the possibility of the rotavirus infection generalization, the course of which was complicated by the infectious toxic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome as a cause of death of three newborns is shown for the first time. etiology of the disease was established by electron microscopy, immunoenzymatic and immunofluorescent methods in the faeces, blood and postmortem material. the manifestations of giant cell metamorphosis not only in the intestine but also in the pia mater, ... | 1993 | 8154980 |
| ["detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen in respiratory secretions"]. | 1994 | 8155760 | |
| [application of the time-resolved immunofluorometric assay in the detection of viruses]. | two systems of time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (tr-ifma), i.e., lkb system detection of viruses. the viruses detected were mainly adenovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus rotavirus, hepatitis b virus, human immunodeficiency virus, rubella virus, etc. compared with methods of elisa and ria, tr-ifma has the merits of high sensitivity, specificity and consistency with clinical diagnosis. the low detection limit of virus antigen by tr-ifma is between 10-10 ... | 1993 | 8156583 |
| role of respiratory viral infection in sids: detection of viral nucleic acid by in situ hybridization. | there is considerable evidence suggesting that respiratory viral infection is involved in the genesis of the sudden infant death syndrome (sids), with rates of about 20 per cent of sids victims compared to about 13 per cent of controls. since the techniques used previously are prone to under-reporting from autopsy material, non-isotopic in situ hybridization (nish) has been used to detect viral nucleic acid in lung in sids. forty-five sids cases (30 males) were examined (age range 3 weeks-14 mon ... | 1993 | 8158456 |
| respiratory syncytial virus triggered adult respiratory distress syndrome in infants: a report of two cases. | two infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection which resulted eventually in classical adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) are presented. both infants had severe apneic spells, necessitating intubation and mechanical ventilation (mv). chest radiographs changed after a few days after institution of mv from initial bronchopneumonia like pattern to severe ards. assessment of respiratory system mechanics (single breath occlusion technique) revealed severe restrictive disease in ... | 1994 | 8163764 |
| red book recommendations on ribavirin challenged. | 1994 | 8165107 | |
| red book recommendations on ribavirin challenged. | 1994 | 8165108 | |
| the pulmonary immune response of balb/c mice vaccinated with the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | we have investigated the efficacy of vaccination with the purified fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) on aluminium hydroxide adjuvant in balb/c mice. the purpose of the study was to define the role of the local pulmonary mononuclear cell (pmc) infiltrate in the clearance of virus from the lower respiratory tract. balb/c mice immunized with f protein were able to inhibit the replication of virus in the lungs as early as 4 days after intranasal challenge. in contrast, unimmuni ... | 1994 | 8165859 |
| immunization of monkeys with baculovirus-dengue type-4 recombinants containing envelope and nonstructural proteins: evidence of priming and partial protection. | groups of rhesus monkeys were immunized with baculovirus-dengue type-4 (den-4) recombinant-infected cell extracts. one recombinant contained all of the den-4 structural proteins and two nonstructural (ns) proteins (c-m-e-ns1-ns2a), while the other was a fusion protein containing a portion of the respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein and den-4 envelope glycoprotein (rsvg-e). both preparations were immunogenic; all monkeys receiving either immunogen responded with the production of antivirion ... | 1994 | 8166355 |
| a study of respiratory infections in a healthy adult population during the 1987 australian winter. | during the 1987 australian winter, respiratory illness patterns were studied in a population of 454 healthy adults, aged 18-59, over a period of 45 days. these patterns were matched with data obtained from laboratory diagnoses for respiratory viruses, mycoplasma pneumoniae and bacteria. influenza b/1/86 was by far the most prevalent pathogen but other viruses including influenza a, paramyxoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus and coronavirus oc-43 were also present, either alone or in combinatio ... | 1993 | 8168672 |
| economic impact of viral respiratory disease in children. | the single most important respiratory pathogen in infancy and early childhood is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). approximately 40% of primary rsv infections in children result in lower respiratory tract disease. approximately 1% of rsv-infected children require hospitalization. especially in high-risk children, primary rsv infection results in significant morbidity and, sometimes, death. this high-risk group includes children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, children with congenital heart dis ... | 1994 | 8169753 |