Publications

origin and initiation sites of lambda dv dna replication in vitro.	the sequence of lambda dna essential for the unique initiation of replication was analyzed in an in vitro replication system. fragments of lambda dna were inserted into pbr322 and used as templates or were circularized in vitro in the absence of pbr322 and employed in the same tests. a 165-bp region left of the ecori site in the o gene of the lambda genome was defined as the functional origin. this region, which we defined as the ori region, carries, in order, the 4 19-bp repeat sequences where ...	1985	2990406
phage lambda gene q antiterminator recognizes rna polymerase near the promoter and accelerates it through a pause site.	the positive regulator encoded by phage lambda gene q is a transcription antiterminator that affects rna polymerase initiating at the phage late gene promoter, but not at other promoters. we show that this nucleotide-sequence-specific interaction of q protein and rna polymerase can occur while the enzyme is pausing after 16 nucleotides of the late gene transcript have been made. furthermore, q protein chases rna polymerase from this early pause site, so that it both recognizes the enzyme and cha ...	1985	2990726
molecular cloning and characterization of the reca gene of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao.	the reca gene of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao has been isolated and introduced into escherichia coli k-12. resistance to killing by uv irradiation was restored in several reca-e. coli k-12 hosts by the p. aeruginosa gene, as was resistance to methyl methanesulfonate. recombination proficiency was also restored, as measured by hfrh-mediated conjugation and by the ability to propagate fec-phage lambda derivatives. the cloned p. aeruginosa reca gene restored both spontaneous and mitomycin c-stimulate ...	1985	2991195
dna packaging initiation of salmonella bacteriophage p22: determination of cut sites within the dna sequence coding for gene 3.	dna packaging of salmonella phage p22 starts at a defined site on a concatemer of p22 genomes. the molecular ends formed at the packaging initiation site (pac) map within a region of ca. 120 base pairs and may contain any of the four nucleotides at their 5' end. the determination of the positions of the cuts within the sequence demonstrates a characteristic distribution of cut sites which apparently cannot be attributed to the sequence organization of the involved regions. symmetric elements of ...	1985	2991569
specialized nucleoprotein structures at the origin of replication of bacteriophage lambda: complexes with lambda o protein and with lambda o, lambda p, and escherichia coli dnab proteins.	the o protein of bacteriophage lambda is required for initiation of dna replication at the lambda replicative origin designated ori lambda. the binding sites for o protein are four direct repeats, each of which is an inverted repeat. by means of electron microscopy, we have found that phage lambda o protein utilizes these multiple binding sites to form a specific nucleoprotein structure in which the origin dna is inferred to be folded or wound. the phage lambda o and p proteins and host dnab pro ...	1985	2991888
expression of a cloned denv gene of bacteriophage t4 in escherichia coli.	a 713-base-pair hae iii fragment from bacteriophage t4 encompassing the denv gene with its preceding promoter has been cloned in a pbr322-derived positive-selection vector and introduced into a variety of dna repair-deficient uvr and rec and uvr,rec escherichia coli strains. the denv gene was found to be expressed, probably from its own promoter, causing pyrimidine dimer incision-deficient uvra, uvrb, uvrc strains to be rescued by the denv gene. a uvrd (dna helicase ii) strain was also complemen ...	1985	2991891
[isolation and purification of restriction endonuclease pmii from proteus mirabilis 1667].	a new restriction endonuclease pmi i was detected in proteus mirabilis 1667. the enzyme hydrolyzes dna of the phage lambda into 10 electrophoretically separating fragments with molecular weights of 1.3-7.9 md. with the use of two-stage chromatography on blue sepharose and phosphocellulose it is possible to obtain restriction endonuclease pmi i free of the admixtures of ballast proteins, nonspecific nucleases and phosphatases.	1985	2992364
the energetics of the injection process of bacteriophage lambda dna and the role of the ptsm/pel-encoded protein.	we have examined the nature of the role played in the process of phage lambda dna injection by the bacterial protein coded by the ptsm/pel gene. neither the specific inhibition of the activity of the ptsm protein, nor the addition of inhibitors of phosphotransferase system modified the efficiency of lambda dna penetration. thus, the ptsm/pel protein does not seem to play a role through its transport function, although we have confirmed that it must be present for a successful lambda dna injectio ...	1985	2992499
organisation and control of the escherichia coli uvrc gene.	the escherichia coli uvrc gene has been cloned into multicopy plasmids from the transducing phage lambda uvrc+ and the structural gene assigned to a 1.9-kb bglii fragment. deletion of upstream sequences shows the presence of an in vivo uvrc promoter close to the start of the structural gene, as confirmed by subcloning the uvrc fragment into actively transcribed or 'promoter-free' restriction sites in various plasmid vectors. the control of uvrc transcription has been investigated using hybrid uv ...	1985	2993106
dna relationships among some tox-bearing corynebacteriophages.	the dna genomes of a number of tox-bearing, temperate corynebacteriophages isolated from strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans were compared. with one exception, these phages displayed similarities in their restriction enzyme digest profiles and extensive homology with prototypic beta converting phage. the exception, phage delta, had a unique restriction profile and exhibited homology with beta over a limited portion of its genome. dnas of phages from each host cont ...	1985	2993167
mu-lac insertion-directed mutagenesis in a pectate lyase gene of erwinia chrysanthemi.	the pelc gene, which encodes one of the five major pectate lyase (pl) isoenzymes in erwinia chrysanthemi 3937, designated plc, was subcloned from a hybrid lambda phage into a pbr322 derivative and mutagenized with a mini-mu-lacz transposable element able to form fusions to the lacz gene. one plasmid (pad1) which had an inactivated pelc gene and a lac+ phenotype was selected in escherichia coli. this plasmid was introduced into erwinia chrysanthemi, and the pelc::mini-mu insertion was substituted ...	1985	2993251
nucleotide sequence and biochemical activities of the moloney murine sarcoma virus strain ht-1 mos gene.	the nucleotide sequence of the moloney murine sarcoma virus strain ht-1 (ht1msv) mos gene differs from that of the cellular mos gene in three positions, but these are silent changes, and the amino acid sequence of the v-mos and c-mos open reading frames are identical. we have overproduced the mos ht1msv (equivalent to c-mos) in escherichia coli under the control of phage lambda promoter (pl). the e. coli p40mos protein thus obtained was partially purified and examined for several biochemical act ...	1985	2993645
recombination in the lambda repressor gene: evidence that very short patch (vsp) mismatch correction restores a specific sequence.	the mutation am6 in the ci gene of bacteriophage lambda is identified as a c----t transition in a 5'ccatgg sequence. in four-factor crosses of am6 with nearby mutations in ci, the frequencies of ci+ recombinants are much higher than expected from the physical distances. a very short patch (vsp) mismatch repair system is presumed to recognize am6/am+ mispairs in the heteroduplexes that accompany recombination between the outside markers. mutation am6 is corrected to am+; correction of am+ to am6 ...	1985	2993796
a site-specific endonuclease from pseudomonas aeruginosa.	paei, a new restriction endonuclease from pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strain was isolated and characterized. it recognizes and cleaves the sequence 5'-gcatg reduced c-3' generating dna fragments with 3'-tetranucleotide sticky ends. dnas of pbr322, sv40 and bacteriophage lambda have one, two and six paei recognition sites, respectively. seventy-two strains of pseudomonas, clostridium, escherichia coli, shigella, proteus and saccharomyces were screened for the presence of site-specific endonuc ...	1985	2993850
uvr-independent repair of 8-methoxypsoralen crosslinks in escherichia coli: evidence for a recombinational process.	on the basis of survival data, repair of 8-methoxypsoralen dna crosslinks in escherichia coli strains lacking a functional uvrabc endonuclease, is shown to require the products of the reca, recb, recf and recn genes. bacteria, grown under conditions where most cells contain only a single genome, show no evidence of crosslink repair. similarly, bacteriophage lambda shows evidence of crosslink repair only in sos-induced cells, and only at multiplicities of infection greater than 1. the requirement ...	1985	2993876
identification of osmoresponsive genes in escherichia coli: evidence for participation of potassium and proline transport systems in osmoregulation.	mu d1(ap lac)-generated operon fusions were used in the identification of genes in escherichia coli whose transcriptional expression is altered by changes in the osmolarity of the growth medium. one such osmoresponsive gene, designated osra, was induced 400-fold when the osmolarity of the medium was increased with the addition of either ionic or neutral impermeable solutes but was not induced with glycerol, which is freely permeable across the cell membrane. osra was mapped to 57.5 min and was s ...	1985	2995318
bacteriophage t4 dna replication protein 61. cloning of the gene and purification of the expressed protein.	in vitro, a bacteriophage t4 primase composed of t4 61 and 41 proteins, catalyzes the formation of pentaribonucleotides used to initiate dna synthesis on single-stranded dna. we have determined that cells containing a plasmid with the t4 dna from 18.68 to 15.05 map units express an activity that substitutes for authentic 61 protein in vitro in catalyzing primer-dependent dna synthesis with six other t4 dna replication proteins. this result establishes that this region, genetically assigned to ge ...	1985	2995395
sequence-induced dna curvature at the bacteriophage lambda origin of replication.	dna replication in bacteriophage lambda begins at a unique origin between residues 39,000 and 39,200 of the lambda genome. this segment of dna serves a dual function since it also lies within the coding sequence of the lambda replication initiator protein o which binds origin dna. the lambda origin sequence contains four 19-base-pair (bp) segments (iterons) which have dyad symmetry, followed by a 40-bp a + t-rich zone of highly asymmetrical base composition. it was noted earlier that lambda orig ...	1985	2995831
dna sequence at the end of is1 required for transposition.	the insertion sequence is1 belongs to a class of bacterial transposable genetic elements that can form compound transposons in which two copies of is1 flank an otherwise non-transposable segment of dna. is1 differs from other known elements of this class (such as is10, is50 and is903) in several respects. it is one of the smallest known insertion elements, exhibits a relatively complex array of open reading frames, is present in the chromosomes of various enterobacteria, in some cases in many co ...	1985	2995832
splicing of the adenovirus-2 e1a 13s mrna requires a minimal intron length and specific intron signals.	the adenovirus e1a region encodes three overlapping mrnas, designated 9s, 12s and 13s. they differ from each other with regard to the length of the intron which is removed by rna splicing. we have constructed e1a genes with deletions and insertions in the intervening sequence that is common to all three e1a mrnas, in a search for signals which influence splicing of the 13s mrna. mutant plasmids were transfected into hela cells and the transiently expressed e1a mrnas characterized by the s1 prote ...	1985	2995926
characterization of a new repetitive sequence in the dictyostelium discoideum genome.	a repetitive dna sequence was isolated from a dictyostelium discoideum genomic plasmid library of bglii-digested dna ligated to the bamhi site in pbr322. this clone, called pbs582, hybridized to a large number of phage lambda dictyostelium genomic clones. southern blot analysis indicated that pbs582 dna hybridized to many differently sized genomic dna fragments generated by digestion with eco ri, avai, or hindiii. restriction maps of pbs582 and five genomic clones showed that the flanking region ...	1985	2996428
high-level production of the ecori endonuclease under the control of the pl promoter of bacteriophage lambda.	escherichia coli strains overproducing the ecori restriction endonuclease have been constructed, using lambda pl promoter expression vectors. in a first step we constructed endri::lacz gene fusions by fusing the n-terminal part of the endri gene with a lacz gene fragment, whereafter the hybrid gene was positioned randomly under the control of the pl promoter to optimize the level of expression. these plasmids direct the synthesis of large amounts of fusion protein approaching 30% of the total ce ...	1985	2996986
genomic dna sequence for human c-reactive protein.	the gene for the prototype acute phase reactant, c-reactive protein, has been isolated from two lambda phage libraries containing inserted human dna fragments using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that after coding for a signal peptide of 18 amino acids and the first two amino acids of the mature protein, there is an intron of 278 base pairs followed by the nucleotide sequence for the remaining 204 amino acids. the intron is unusual in that it contains on ...	1985	2997165
rearrangements between the operators in the bacteriophage lambda.	the left operator mutant lambda v2s develops poorly during infection as a result of constitutive expression of the left operon. a revertant of lambda v2s, designated lambda iri, was found to contain an inversion of the ci region with the inversion endpoints to be within the lambda operators ol and or. formation of the inversion is facilitated by a translocation of right operator ocr mutant sequence to the left operator in lambda v2s. the inversion in lambda iri positions wild-type or sequence at ...	1985	2997577
plasmid vectors designed for the analysis of transcription termination signals.	we have constructed synthetic operons in which two genes (cat and lacz or cat and galk) were placed in tandem under the control of the bacteriophage lambda olpl operator and promoter. restriction sites were introduced between the promoter and the proximal cat gene or between the cat and lacz or galk genes. in the latter case, introduction of a transcriptional terminator between the two structural genes should affect only the distal gene. thus, following induction, the expression of the cat gene ...	1985	2998929
novel structure of a human u6 snrna pseudogene.	a genomic dna library containing human placental dna cloned into phage lambda charon 4a was screened for snrna u6 genes. in vitro 32p-labeled u6 snrna isolated from hela cells was used as a hybridization probe. a positive clone containing a 4.6-kb ecori fragment of human chromosomal dna was recloned into the ecori site of pbr325 and mapped by restriction endonuclease digestion. restriction fragments containing u6 rna sequences were identified by hybridization with isolated u6[32p]rna. the sequen ...	1985	2998934
high-level expression of the bovine growth hormone gene in heterologous mammalian cells.	the gene coding for bovine growth hormone (bgh) was isolated from a lambda-phage library constructed using bovine pituitary dna partially digested with mboi. expression of this gene transfected into mouse and monkey cells was studied. cv-1 monkey cells transfected with simian virus 40 (sv40) vectors containing the intact bgh gene, including the putative promoter region, did not express bgh. however, replacement of the bgh promoter with the mouse metallothionein-i (mt) promoter resulted in high-l ...	1985	2998942
versatile expression vectors for high-level synthesis of cloned gene products in escherichia coli.	we have constructed a set of expression vectors which contain synthetic dna sequences comprising a computer-generated model ribosomal binding site located downstream from the tightly regulated phage lambda pl. promoter. these vectors have been used in several laboratories to produce significant amounts of eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene products in escherichia coli, either as fusion proteins (with two to nine extra n-terminal amino acids) or as proteins containing the naturally occurring amino t ...	1985	2998948
f'-coded, temperature-sensitive lambda ci857 repressor gene for easy construction and regulation of lambda promoter-dependent expression systems.	we describe the construction and properties of an f' factor which carries the temperature-sensitive ci857 allele of the repressor gene of coliphage lambda and which lacks the lambda cro function. this episome can easily be transferred to any f- and f' escherichia coli strain, thus facilitating the construction and regulation of lambda promoter-dependent expression systems without the use of defective prophages.	1985	2999084
the mannose-permease of the bacterial phosphotransferase system. gene cloning and purification of the enzyme iiman/iiiman complex of escherichia coli.	the mannose-permease complex of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotranferase system exhibits two apparently unrelated activities. it mediates active transport concomitant with phosphorylation of mannose, 2-deoxyglucose, and a number of other hexoses, and it is required for penetration of bacteriophage lambda dna across the cytoplasmic membrane of escherichia coli. a cloned fragment of e. coli chromosome restores mannose-fermentation in, and confers lambda sensitivity to, an e. coli strain ...	1985	2999119
site-directed cleavage of immunoglobulin gene segments by lymphoid cell extracts.	to study the enzyme(s) involved in the site-specific recombination of immunoglobulin (ig) gene segments, we designed an assay to detect v-j joining in vitro. the dna from a hybrid phage (lambda vjck) containing the vk41 gene segment separated by a 6-kilobase spacer region from the entire j-ck sequence was incubated with lymphoid cell extracts and packaged in vitro. phages carrying genomic deletions were selected by screening for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid resistance. although no site-specif ...	1985	3000549
insertion of a long kpni family member within a mitochondrial-dna-like sequence present in the human nuclear genome.	structural analysis of a phage lambda charon 4a clone carrying one of the human nuclear mitochondrial(mut)-dna-like sequences revealed that a kpni-family member (kpni 5.5-kb dna) is inserted within this sequence. the inserted kpni 5.5-kb dna contains several possible polyadenylation signal sequences followed by an a-rich sequence at its 3' end and is flanked by perfect 13-bp direct repeats of the duplicated mtdna-like sequences. these structures strongly suggest that the kpni 5.5-kb dna is a mob ...	1985	3000880
the structure of a cloned mouse gamma-actin processed pseudogene.	the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of a gamma-actin-like pseudogene (m gamma a-psi 1), isolated from a mouse genomic library in phage lambda, was determined. the pseudogene was shown to be of the processed type by the fact that it lacked introns, ended in a poly(da) region, and was flanked by direct repeats. there were ten differences in the predicted amino acid (aa) sequence from that of the authentic nonmuscle gamma-actin. an unusual feature of m gamma a-psi 1 was the complete absence of dn ...	1985	3000889
restriction endonucleases in azospirillum.	azospirillum brasilense, a. amazonense, and a. lipoferum strains were screened for restriction endonucleases using phage lambda dna. the extract of a. brasilense 29711 cleaved lambda dna into specific fragments. it was concluded that this strain possesses a class ii restriction endonuclease which was named abri. abri has a single recognition site on lambda dna at position of approx. 33 500 bp. abri was characterized as an isoschizomer of xhoi, which cuts lambda dna at 33 498 bp and cleaves doubl ...	1985	3000892
cloning of mini-mu bacteriophage in cosmids: in vivo packaging into phage lambda heads.	a technique has been developed that permits the packaging of mini-mu-carrying cosmids into phage lambda heads. this procedure has several advantages over packaging into mu helper capsids: the amounts of dna to be packaged can be increased, the packaging efficiency is improved, and the stability of transducing lysates is high.	1985	3000893
a method for efficient gene isolation from phage lambda gt11 libraries: use of antisera to denatured, acetone-precipitated proteins.	experience with cloning pseudorabies virus (prv) dna in the lambda gt11 phage vector has shown that there are special requirements for the antisera used in screening the libraries, in addition to the requirement that the antisera recognize proteins on a western blot. initial screening of a lambda gt11 library of sheared prv dna fragments in escherichia coli for expression of prv antigens using prv hyperimmune antisera was unsuccessful. it was only after screening the library with antisera raised ...	1985	3000894
dna binding to human leukocytes. evidence for a receptor-mediated association, internalization, and degradation of dna.	previous studies have indicated that white blood cells possess dna on their outer membranes. in this study we set out to determine whether exogenous dna bound to cells in a fashion compatible with a ligand receptor union. purified populations of white blood cells; neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, pmn), adherent mononuclear cells (admc), rosetting lymphocytes (e+ cells), and nonrosetting lymphocytes (e- cells) were incubated with radiolabeled lambda phage dna in increasing concentration ...	1985	3001145
[deletion of late genes of the prophage lambda].	the deletions in tandem prophage lambda appear with high frequency (to 10%) in rec a- strain of escherichia coli. the deletions were shown by marker rescue and hybridization of fragments of dna on nitrocellulose filters with nick-translated phage lambda dna localized only in prophage area. right and left att sites are not involved. the majority of defective lysogens had all regulatory regions and deletions of late structural genes. these strains may be used for construction of the host-vector sy ...	1985	3001508
the role of the (6-4) photoproduct in ultraviolet light-induced transition mutations in e. coli.	available evidence rules out the possibility that cyclobutane dimers are the major premutagenic lesions responsible for point mutations at sites of adjacent pyrimidine residues in the experiment systems examined to date in sufficient detail, that is, uv-induced mutations in chromosome loci in e. coli and uv-induced mutations in the ci gene of phage lambda. however, it is likely that the major cytotoxic effects of uv irradiation can be attributed to the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer, as these lesi ...	1986	3001515
analysis of the cellular proto-oncogene mht/raf: relationship to the 5' sequences of v-mht in avian carcinoma virus mh2 and v-raf in murine sarcoma virus 3611.	the avian carcinoma virus mh2 contains a hybrid gene delta gag-mht with a contiguous open reading frame of 2682 base pairs as well as v-myc and avian helper virus-related sequences. delta gag is a partial retroviral core protein gene while v-mht and v-myc are cell-drived sequences. the v-mht sequence can be divided into two regions: the v-raf-related region at its 3' end contains 969 nucleotides which are 94% related as amino acid sequence to the onc-specific v-raf sequence of murine sarcoma vir ...	1985	3002017
the binding of the chromosomal protein hmg-2a to dna regions of reduced stabilities.	the interaction of immunopurified high mobility group 2a protein (hmg-2a) with dna was examined by the nitrocellulose filter binding assay. the relative binding activity of hmg-2a for synthetic polynucleotides was: (di).(dc) greater than (da-dt).(da-dt) greater than (da).(dt) much greater than (dg).(dc) greater than (dg-dc).(dg-dc). the protein also exhibited a marked preference for (a + t)-rich restriction fragments derived from rat and drosophila satellites, yeast centromeres, phage lambda, an ...	1986	3003066
the nucleotide sequence of the escherichia coli k12 dnaj+ gene. a gene that encodes a heat shock protein.	the escherichia coli dnaj gene product is required for bacteriophage lambda dna replication at all temperatures. it is also essential for bacterial viability in at least some conditions, since mutations in it result in temperature-sensitive bacterial growth. we have previously cloned the dnaj gene and shown that its product migrates as a mr 37,000 polypeptide under denaturing conditions. here we present the primary dna sequence of the dnaj gene. it codes for a processed basic protein (63 basic a ...	1986	3003085
in vitro packaging of foreign dna into heads of bacteriophage t1.	the isolation of a collection of 44 morphologically t1-like phages is described. it is shown that these phages share some similarity with t1 in terms of cross-inactivation with anti-t1 serum, particle proteins and dna packaging in vitro by the headful process. virion dna extracted from these phages was treated with t1 in vitro packaging extracts and the reaction mixtures were tested for the formation of infectious phage particles. the packaging efficiencies observed varied from about 1 to 100% o ...	1986	3003241
cloning and characterization of the prs gene encoding phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase of escherichia coli.	the gene, prs, encoding phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (prpp) synthetase of escherichia coli was isolated from a library of e. coli genes cloned in the bacteriophage lambda d69 vector. a strain with a temperature-lethal defect in prpp synthetase, (prs-2), was used as the host and cloning was performed by lysogenic complementation. the prs gene resided on a 5.6 kilobase-pair (kbp) dna fragment generated by hydrolysis with restriction endonuclease bamhi. the nearby gene pth, encoding peptidyl-trna hy ...	1985	3003529
the full length coding sequence of rat liver androsterone udp-glucuronyltransferase cdna and comparison with other members of this gene family.	cloned cdnas coding for hepatic udp-glucuronyltransferase (udpgt) have been isolated from a rat liver cdna library in the expression vector bacteriophage lambda gt11 using anti-udpgt antibodies. four different mrnas have been identified by sequencing of 15 udpgt cdna clones. the sequences of the four classes of cdna were determined to be 85-95% homologous. restriction fragments were isolated from the cdna in each class and used as class specific probes. hybridisation of these probes to northern ...	1986	3003696
isolation and characterization of a novel cytochrome p-450-like pseudogene.	a rabbit liver p-450-like pseudogene has been isolated from a lambda phage genomic library. sequence analysis revealed structural homology with respect to the rat p-450b and p-450e genes as well as a similar intron-exon organization. a 5'-proximal tata box-like sequence and two 3'-distal putative polyadenylation signals were identified, and all putative intron-exon boundaries except at the 3'-splice site of intron 2 were found to follow the gt/ag rule. with allowance for apparent deletions and i ...	1986	3004450
transcriptional antitermination activity of the synthetic nut elements of coliphage lambda. i. assembly of the nutr recognition site from boxa and nut core elements.	an active nutr antiterminator was reconstructed from two synthetic modules, one containing the 8-bp boxa (5'-cgctctta) and the other the 17-bp nutr core (5'-agccctgaaaaagggca) sequence. the modules were synthesized with hindiii cohesive ends, which upon annealing and ligation created an 8-bp spacer (5'-caaagctt) between the boxa and nutr core. the 8-bp length was the same as in the native nutr (5'-cacattcc), but the sequence showed less than 38% homology. the antitermination mediated by the synt ...	1985	3005108
ecok restriction during in vitro packaging of coliphage lambda dna.	the k restriction system of escherichia coli works in vitro [meselson and yuan, nature 217 (1968) 1110-1114]. e. coli c lacks the k restriction system. i show that in vitro packaging in standard e. coli k-12-derived systems effects a loss of plaque-former output from k-unmodified lambda dna relative to k-modified lambda dna when compared with packaging in the e. coli c-derived system of rosenberg et al. [gene 38 (1985) 165-175]. i conclude that the ecok restriction system is active in standard i ...	1985	3005116
plasmids supplying the q-qut-controlled gam function permit growth of lambda red- gam- (fec-) bacteriophages on reca- hosts.	a plasmid, pgam, has been constructed which expresses the phage lambda gene, gam, under the control of the lambda late promoter, p'r, contained in a form of a p'r-qut-t'r1 module. lambda red- gam-, which normally do not grow on reca- hosts, are able to grow on reca- hosts containing pgam, because their q function can turn on the gam gene expression. this facilitates cloning with lambda red- gam- vectors in reca- hosts.	1985	3005123
control of cloned gene expression by promoter inversion in vivo: construction of the heat-pulse-activated att-nutl-p-att-n module.	we have constructed a prototype of gene-expression plasmids with three novel properties: its "off phase" is absolute in all common hosts because the expression promoter is facing away from the studied gene and is blocked by a strong terminator; the "on phase" is attained by the rapid and efficient inversion of the promoter; only a short heat pulse or exposure to other inducing agents is required to initiate this two-stage process. in the first stage, synthesis of the phage lambda int protein is ...	1985	3005124
alpha-amylase of escherichia coli, mapping and cloning of the structural gene, mals, and identification of its product as a periplasmic protein.	mal+ lacz operon fusions, inducible by maltose, were isolated in escherichia coli, strain mc4100. one fusion strain, sf1707, was analyzed in detail. this fusion did not map in any of the known genes of the mala or malb region, but its expression was under control of malt, the positive regulator gene of the maltose regulon. the gene in which the fusion occurred mapped between xyl and mtl at 80 min on the linkage map and was transcribed clockwise. we define this gene as mals. the mals-lacz fusion ...	1986	3005273
processive action of terminase during sequential packaging of bacteriophage lambda chromosomes.	bacteriophage lambda chromosomes are packaged in a polarized, sequential fashion from a multimeric dna substrate. mature chromosomes are generated when terminase introduces staggered nicks in the cohesive end sites (cos sites) bounding a chromosome. packaging is polarized, to the initial and terminal cos sites for packaging a chromosome can be defined. to initiate packaging, terminase binds to cos at cosb, and subsequently cuts at cosn. to terminate packaging of a chromosome, a functional cosb i ...	1985	3005594
[restriction analysis of dna from phage sm of pseudomonas aeruginosa].	the dna of temperate phage sm p. aeruginosa has one pvuii site, two bamhi sites, three hindiii sites and five ecori sites. using these restrictases the physical map of the phage genome has been constructed. the dna of phage sm has in their structure cohesive ends similar to cos-sites of phage lambda dna. ecori-fragments with cohesive ends have molecular masses 2.9 and 4.9 mda.	1986	3005840
bacteriophage t4 dna topoisomerase mediates illegitimate recombination in vitro.	we have found that purified t4 dna topoisomerase promotes recombination between two phage lambda dna molecules in an in vitro system. in this cross, t4 dna topoisomerase alone is able to catalyze the recombination and produce a linear monomer recombinant dna that can be packaged in vitro. atp is not required for this recombination, while oxolinic acid stimulates it. the recombinant dna molecules contain duplications or deletions, and the crossovers take place between nonhomologous and nonspecifi ...	1986	3006033
isotope-detected 1h nmr studies of proteins: a general strategy for editing interproton nuclear overhauser effects by heteronuclear decoupling, with application to phage lambda repressor.	a strategy for editing interproton nuclear overhauser effects (noes) in proteins is proposed and illustrated. selective incorporation of 13c- (or 15n)-labeled amino acids into a protein permits noes involving the labeled residues to be identified by heteronuclear difference decoupling. such heteronuclear editing simplifies the noe difference spectrum and avoids ambiguities due to spin diffusion. isotope-detected 1h nmr thus opens to study proteins too large for conventional one- and two-dimensio ...	1986	3006046
large introns in the 3' end of the gene for the pro alpha 1 (iv) chain of human basement membrane collagen.	using a recently characterized cdna clone (ht-21) coding for the pro alpha 1 (iv) chain of human type iv procollagen, we have isolated three clones from a bacterio-phage lambda charon 4a library of human genomic dna. the intron/exon structure of the pro alpha 1 (iv) genomic clones was analyzed by heteroduplex electron microscopy and nucleotide sequencing. the analysis showed that the introns separating exons 2-9 are large and have a total length of over 12,000 base pairs (bp). six of seven exons ...	1986	3006056
large-scale overproduction and rapid purification of the escherichia coli ssb gene product. expression of the ssb gene under lambda pl control.	we report a rapid procedure for the large-scale purification of the escherichia coli encoded single-strand binding (ssb) protein, helix-destabilizing protein which is essential for replication, recombination, and repair processes in e. coli. to facilitate the isolation of large quantities of the ssb gene product, we have subcloned the ssb gene into a temperature-inducible expression vector, pplc28 [remaut, e., stanssens, p., & fiers, w. (1981) gene 15, 81-93], carrying the bacteriophage lambda p ...	1986	3006753
homologous recombination in escherichia coli: dependence on substrate length and homology.	we studied the in vivo recombination between homologous dna sequences cloned in phage lambda and a pbr322-derived plasmid by assaying for the formation of phage-plasmid cointegrates by a single (or an odd number of) reciprocal exchange. (1) recombination proceeds by the recbc pathway in wild-type cells and by low levels of a recf-dependent pathway in recbc- cells. the rece pathway appears not to generate phage-plasmid cointegrates. (2) recombination is linearly dependent on the length of the hom ...	1986	3007275
"atg vectors' for regulated high-level expression of cloned genes in escherichia coli.	a plasmid cloning vector system has been constructed that allows for the production of large quantities of foreign proteins or fragments thereof, in an unfused state. these vectors provide strong regulated trp-lac fusion promoters and the lacz ribosome-binding site (rbs) followed by an atg translation initiation codon at an appropriate distance from the rbs. the atg codon is located within a unique ncoi restriction site (ccatgg). digestion with ncoi exposes the atg for fusion. gene fragments lac ...	1985	3007288
analysis of cosmids using linearization by phage lambda terminase.	a group of cosmid clones was isolated from the region of the mouse t complex and analysed by a rapid restriction mapping protocol based on linearization of circular cosmid dna in vitro. a plasmid capable of producing high levels of phage lambda terminase was constructed and procedures for in vitro cleavage of cosmid dnas were optimised. after linearization, the cosmids were partially digested with restriction enzymes, and either cos end was labelled by hybridization with radioactive oligos compl ...	1985	3007292
a new restriction endonuclease from spirulina platensis.	three restriction endonucleases, sp1i, sp1ii and sp1iii have been purified partially from spirulina platensis subspecies siamese and named. sp1i cleaves bacteriophage lambda dna at one site, phi x 174 rf dna at two sites, but does not cleave pbr322 dna. this enzyme recognizes the sequence 5'cgtacg3' 3'gcatcg5' and cuts the site indicated by the arrows. sp1ii is an isoschizomer of tth111i and sp1iii is an isoschizomer of haeiii.	1986	3008081
expression of immunogenically reactive diphtheria toxin fusion proteins under the control of the pr promoter of bacteriophage lambda.	the tox228 gene encoding the non-toxic, immunologically cross-reactive crm228 mutant diphtheria toxin (dt) has been cloned downstream of the pr promoter and the cro translational initiation region of bacteriophage lambda carried by plasmid pcqv2 (queen, 1983). efficient transcription but no appreciable amount of a translational product corresponding to complete dt could be detected in escherichia coli hosts. deletion of 320 bp from the c-terminal region of the b-fragment of dt, and fusion of the ...	1986	3009269
ultraviolet irradiation of dna: a way of generating partial digests for rapid restriction site mapping.	uv-irradiation of dna can inhibit the activity of certain restriction endonucleases because of thymine dimer formation within the enzyme recognition sequence. the number of sites affected depends upon the dose of uv, thus making it easier to control the extent of enzyme digestion than by either limiting the digestion time, or the amount of enzyme. restriction-site maps of bacteriophage lambda recombinants are readily produced by labelling dna using a radioactive oligonucleotide that is complemen ...	1986	3009271
cloning and expression of the genes specifying shiga-like toxin production in escherichia coli h19.	some strains of escherichia coli produce a protein which is cytotoxic for vero cell and hela cell monolayers. this toxin is very similar to the toxin of shigella dysenteriae 1 and has been named verotoxin or e. coli shiga-like toxin. it has been shown that toxin conversion is due to a group of bacteriophages, one of which has been designated h-19b. in this study we report hybridization experiments showing that part of the h-19b genome is homologous to phage lambda. we have cloned a 1.7-kilobase ...	1986	3009393
isolation of bacillus subtilis genes transcribed in vitro and in vivo by a major sporulation-induced, dna-dependent rna polymerase.	as a means of determining the function of sigma 29, a sporulation-essential sigma factor, we have isolated and begun to characterize genes that require sigma 29 for their expression. rna transcribed in vitro from total bacillus subtilis dna by using sigma 29-containing rna polymerase (e-sigma-29) was hybridized to a bank of b. subtilis dna fragments that had been cloned into bacteriophage lambda. approximately 0.25% of the cloned b. subtilis dna fragments displayed detectable hybridization with ...	1986	3009401
binding of purified wild-type and mutant pi initiation proteins to a replication origin region of plasmid r6k.	the three replication origins of the antibiotic resistance plasmid r6k require for their activity in escherichia coli a dna segment containing seven 22 base-pair direct repeats and a plasmid-encoded initiation protein (pi). the pi protein functions in the negative control of r6k replication, in addition to its requirement for the initiation of replication. construction of a plasmid containing the pi structural gene (pir) downstream from the inducible pr promoter of bacteriophage lambda provided ...	1986	3009827
overproduction of proteins encoded by lambda replicon-integrated plasmid: effect of partial inactivation of ci repressor.	composite plasmids containing the 7.2-kb fragment of bacteriophage lambda ci857cro27, essential for lambda dna replication and its control, have been constructed. the plasmids contained, in addition, pbr322, a part of co1e1, and the escherichia coli pss gene, coding for phosphatidylserine synthase. when the plasmid-harboring cells were induced at different temperatures, the phosphatidylserine synthase production was maximum at 37 degrees c, and the specific activities at 37 degrees c continuousl ...	1986	3010355
genetic evidence that tn10 transposes by a nonreplicative mechanism.	we present genetic evidence that the tetracycline resistance element tn10 transposes by a nonreplicative mechanism. heteroduplex tn10 elements containing three single base pair mismatches were constructed on lambda phage genomes and allowed to transpose from lambda into the bacterial chromosome. analysis of tetr colonies resulting from such transpositions suggests that information from both strands of the transposing tn10 element is transmitted faithfully to its transposition product. the simple ...	1986	3011280
the integrase family of site-specific recombinases: regional similarities and global diversity.	a combination of two methods for detecting distant relationships in protein primary sequences was used to compare the site-specific recombination proteins encoded by bacteriophage lambda, phi 80, p22, p2, 186, p4 and p1. this group of proteins exhibits an unexpectedly large diversity of sequences. despite this diversity, all of the recombinases can be aligned in their c-terminal halves. a 40-residue region near the c terminus is particularly well conserved in all the proteins and is homologous t ...	1986	3011407
characterization of the dna binding domain of bacteriophage lambda o protein.	the lambda o and p gene products are required for the initiation of lambda dna replication. in order to study the biochemistry of this process, we have constructed plasmids that carry the lambda o gene, p gene, and half of the o gene coding for the amino-terminal half of the o protein. each is under the control of the inducible lambda promoter, pl. we have purified these three proteins from induced cells carrying the plasmids. our results show that the amino-terminal portion of the o protein bin ...	1986	3011787
the 5' flanking region of the ornithine transcarbamylase gene contains dna sequences regulating tissue-specific expression.	ornithine transcarbamylase (otcase) is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the 2nd step in the mammalian urea cycle. the gene encoding otcase is located on the x chromosome and expression of otcase is limited almost exclusively to hepatocytes. we have characterized a lambda phage recombinant, isolated from a mouse genomic library, that spans the first two exons of the mouse otcase gene. nuclease s1 mapping and primer extension analysis of this clone allowed us to determine that the tran ...	1986	3011788
cloning and expression of the erwinia chrysanthemi asparaginase gene in escherichia coli and erwinia carotovora.	a genomic library of erwinia chrysanthemi dna was constructed in bacteriophage lambda 1059 and recombinants expressing er. chrysanthemi asparaginase detected using purified anti-asparaginase igg. the gene was subcloned on a 4.7 kb ecori dna restriction fragment into puc9 to generate the recombinant plasmid pasn30. the position and orientation of the asparaginase structural gene was determined by subcloning. the enzyme was produced at high levels in escherichia coli (5% of soluble protein) and wa ...	1986	3011958
a highly reiterated family of transcribed oligo(a)-terminated, interspersed dna elements in the genome of bombyx mori.	a library of low cot dna (cot is the molar concentration of dna times the incubation time in seconds) from bombyx mori was used to isolate five independent clones of highly reiterated sequences from the genome of this organism. sequence analysis revealed that all five clones belong to a single family of repetitive dna elements, which we have named bm1, and whose reiteration frequency is approximately 2.3 x 10(4) copies per haploid genome. probing of a bombyx genomic library (in lambda phage) wit ...	1986	3012089
suppression of the escherichia coli dnaa46 mutation by amplification of the groes and groel genes.	a lambda hybrid phage (lambda sda1), containing an 8.1 kb ecori dna fragment from the escherichia coli chromosome, was selected on the basis of its ability to suppress bacterial thermosensitivity caused by the dnaa46 mutation. we have shown that this suppression is due to a reca+-dependent amplification of the 8.1 kb fragment; consistent with this observation, cloning of the 8.1 kb fragment into a high copy number plasmid (pbr325) leads also to suppression of dnaa46. in the suppressed strains gr ...	1986	3012269
physical and genetic structure of the glpd-malt interval of the escherichia coli k-12 chromosome. identification of two new structural genes of the glp-regulon.	a transducing lambda phage carrying glpd''lacz, glpr, and malt was isolated from a strain harboring a glpd''lacz fusion. comparison of restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of dna isolated from this phage with that of the previously cloned malt region (raibaud and schwartz 1980) facilitated the construction of recombinant plasmids carrying different portions of the glpd-malt region. results of minicell analysis and complementation studies showed that this region of the chromosome encodes at ...	1986	3012272
illegitimate recombination mediated by t4 dna topoisomerase in vitro. recombinants between phage and plasmid dna molecules.	illegitimate recombination dependent on t4 dna topoisomerase in a cell-free system has recently been described. in that work, recombinants between two phage lambda dna molecules were produced by the topoisomerase alone, without an escherichia coli extract. in this paper, it is shown that recombination between phage lambda and circular plasmid dna molecules can also be detected in the presence or absence of an e. coli extract but at frequencies two or three orders of magnitude lower than that obs ...	1986	3012275
cloning and expression in escherichia coli of a reca-like gene from vibrio cholerae.	a library containing more than 80% of the vibrio cholerae genome was constructed by cloning bamh1 restriction fragments into pbr322. using interspecific complementation of an escherichia coli reca mutant with plasmids containing the gene bank of v. cholerae, a reca-like gene was identified. the recombinant plasmid, designated as pdp145, contained a 1.45 kb segment of v. cholerae dna which codes for a protein of molecular weight 39,000. the product of this gene confers methyl methane sulphonate r ...	1986	3012281
isolation and characterization of the gene encoding drosophila dna topoisomerase ii.	we have isolated the gene coding for the drosophila type ii dna topoisomerase by immunochemically screening a drosophila cdna library constructed with a phage lambda expression vector, lambda gt11. the identity of the cloned gene is confirmed by the analysis of an antigenic fusion protein produced in escherichia coli and by the in vitro translation of its rna. the gene is 5.1 kilobases in length, the expected size for a gene encoding topoisomerase ii (mr 170,000), and it is divided into five exo ...	1986	3012525
human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: primary structure and cdna cloning.	the x-chromosome-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (d-glucose-6-phosphate:nadp+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.49) of humans and other mammals consists of a subunit with a molecular weight of about 58,000. the enzyme plays a key role in the generation of nadph, particularly in matured erythrocytes, and the genetic deficiency of the enzyme is associated with chronic and drug- or food-induced hemolytic anemia in humans. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from human erythrocytes. the complete ...	1986	3012556
isolation of molecular probes associated with the chromosome 15 instability in the prader-willi syndrome.	flow cytometry and recombinant dna techniques have been used to obtain reagents for a molecular analysis of the prader-willi syndrome (pws). hindiii total-digest libraries were prepared in lambda phage charon 21a from flow-sorted inverted duplicated no. 15 human chromosomes and propagated on recombination-proficient (le392) and recbc-, sbcb- (db1257) bacteria. twelve distinct chromosome 15-specific probes have been isolated. eight localized to the region 15q11----13. four of these eight sublocal ...	1986	3012567
phg276: a multiple cloning site pbr322 copy number vector expressing a functional lac alpha peptide from the bacteriophage lambda pr promoter.	the bacteriophage lambda early promoter pr has been used to direct the synthesis of lac alpha in a plasmid containing the multiple cloning site of puc8. the copy number of the plasmid is controlled by the rop(rom) gene and the plasmid incorporates the ci857 gene for temperature regulation of lac alpha expression. isolation of recombinant derivatives with dna inserts in the multiple cloning region can be identified by insertional inactivation of lac alpha and consequently, a lac- phenotype in a h ...	1986	3012612
direction of travel of recbc recombinase through bacteriophage lambda dna.	we examined linkage relationships for recbc-mediated recombination in lytic cycle crosses of lambda phages bearing two cohesive end sites (cos) oriented in the same direction. the relationships obtained imply that a given recombinant tends to be packaged from the cos site that is the nearer one to the right of the exchange. in view of the previously established coupling of entry of a recombinase at a cos cut and initiation of dna packaging by that cos cut, these results imply that the recombinas ...	1986	3013720
an improved technique for the efficient construction of gene libraries by partial filling-in of cohesive ends.	for the preparation of gene libraries, dna from lambda embl3 phage was digested with sali and ecori, and the cohesive ends partially filled-in by addition of dttp, dctp and klenow fragment of dna polymerase i (polik). genomic dna was cleaved partially with sau3a and subsequently incubated with datp, dgtp and polik. the phage and genomic dnas were then mixed and ligated. the recombinant dnas were packaged in vitro. the efficiency of packaging was 10(5)-10(6) of infectious phage lambda particles p ...	1986	3013727
molecular cloning of an oncogene from a human hepatocellular carcinoma.	a transforming dna, named lca (for liver cancer), was obtained from a primary human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in transformation assays using nih 3t3 cells and a calcium phosphate coprecipitation method. high molecular weight dna obtained from the hcc tissue was employed for this purpose. this transforming dna had a linkage to the alu sequence and was cloned in lambda phage for further studies. restriction enzyme analyses showed that the minimal size of the lca transforming dna is about 10 k ...	1986	3014525
[complete primary structure of dna from the transducing bacteriophage lambda plac5].	in studying molecular mechanisms of specialized transduction, primary structure of the junction between the e. coli gene laci and the lambda phage locus ea47 in transducing bacteriophage lambda plac5 has been established. along with the lambda dna and e. coli lac operon structures as well as with our earlier data on another phage-bacterial junction in lambda plac5, it lead to the complete sequence of lambda plac5 dna, including the lac5 substitution, a wellknown segment of lambdoid cloning vehic ...	1986	3015155
nucleotide sequence of gene f of bacillus phage nf.	the nucleotide sequence of bacillus phage nf gene f has been determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of gpf is very similar to that of gp4, the transcriptional activator of phage phi 29. both proteins contain the consensus structure that is conserved for the dna-protein interacting domain of dna-binding proteins such as the repressor, cro and cii proteins of phage lambda.	1986	3015737
pulsed field gradient electrophoresis of dna digested in agarose allows the sizing of the large duplication unit of a surface antigen gene in trypanosomes.	intact chromosome-sized dna molecules from eukaryotes may be prepared by performing lysis and enzymic deproteinization on cells embedded in agarose [schwartz and cantor, cell 37 (1984), 67-75]. here we show that dna prepared by this method may be cut with restriction enzymes, or modified with site-specific methylases and cut by dpni. as the dna remains incorporated in the gel matrix, shear degradation of large fragments is avoided. the fragments can then be sized by conventional or pulsed field ...	1986	3015741
isolation and characterization of limulus c-reactive protein genes.	three homologous genes coding for limulus c-reactive protein (crp) have been isolated and characterized from a lambda phage embl-3 library containing genomic dna sequences from limulus amebocytes. the genes have a typical promoter region with a caat (nucleotides 50-53) and a tataa (nucleotides 77-81) box located, respectively, 178 and 149 base pairs 5' upstream from the initiation codon atg. the polyadenylation site aataaa is situated within 300 base pairs downstream from the stop codon tag. nuc ...	1986	3015932
some gene variants for 5 s rna are dispersed in the rat genome.	in the course of studies on genes for small nuclear rnas, seven lambda phage clones containing sequences homologous to 5 s rna were plaque purified from a rat genomic library. the seven clones were found to be from six different genomic loci. when the 5 s rna hybridized to these clones was digested by t1 rnase, only clone 5s-2 protected the rna completely. moreover, clone 5s-2 which has five nucleotide substitutions in the internal control region was transcribed 10 times more efficiently than a ...	1986	3015934
genetic selection of lambda phage clones from a gene clonotheque.	a genetic procedure for selection of specific lambda clones, by homologous recombination between lambda clones from a gene clonotheque and sequences cloned into a plasmid, was developed. resulting clones are isolated in transduction experiments by plating infected escherichia coli cells under conditions selecting for the antibiotic resistance marker carried by the plasmid. the feasibility of the method was demonstrated in a model test system as well as by isolation of alpha-interferon-specific s ...	1986	3016484
analysis of the organization and nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal gene for the beta-subunit of rat thyrotropin.	the gene for the beta-subunit of rat thyrotropin has been isolated from a library of rat dna fragments cloned in bacteriophage lambda. the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene has been determined including a portion of 5'- and 3'-flanking regions. the rat tsh-beta gene contains approximately 4879 nucleotides which ultimately lead to the production of a mrna of about 554 nucleotides, exclusive of the 3' poly(a) tract. the first exon which represents only 5' untranslated sequences of the mrna, ...	1986	3017658
recombination between is5 elements: requirement for homology and recombination functions.	intermolecular recombination between two is5 elements was measured, using bacteriophage lambda recombination vectors, and was compared to recombination between two copies of an sv40 segment cloned into the same vectors. experiments were conducted in the presence and in the absence of reca and red functions, and with the recombining inserts in the same or in reversed orientation. under all conditions, is5 elements recombined in a manner similar to the sv40 inserts, indicating that is-encoded func ...	1986	3017807
isolation of a cdna clone encoding s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. expression of the gene in mitogen-activated lymphocytes.	s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase was purified from bovine liver and digested with endopeptidase lys-c; the resulting peptides were chromatographically separated. peptides containing either methionine or tryptophan were subjected to sequence analysis. an oligonucleotide mixture of 48 sequences, which was 17 nucleotides in length, was synthesized based on one of these peptide sequences. this synthetic oligonucleotide mixture was labeled and used to screen a bovine cdna library in phage lambda gt ...	1986	3017942
controlled gene expression utilising lambda phage regulatory signals in a cyanobacterium host.	this study presents plasmid systems that utilize regulatory signals of bacteriophage lambda to accomplish regulated expression of cloned genes in an a. nidulans r2 derivative strain. an operator-promoter region and the temperature-sensitive repressor gene ci857 of bacteriophage lambda were employed. linked to a cyanobacterial replicon, the plasmid vectors efficiently transformed anacystis and were stably maintained within this host. the cat structural gene, encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransfe ...	1986	3018433
conditionally lethal nusats mutation of escherichia coli reduces transcription termination but does not affect antitermination of bacteriophage lambda.	termination of transcription at bacteriophage lambda terminators as well as at the escherichia coli trp a attenuator was examined in the conditionally lethal mutant (nusats11) defective in the nusa protein of e. coli. experiments using terminator-assay lambda vectors revealed that the efficiency of termination at both rho-dependent (lambda tl1) and rho-independent (lambda tl2 and trp a) terminators decreases in the mutant. the mutation does not block lambda phage growth at either permissive or n ...	1986	3018443
role of the recf gene product in uv mutagenesis of lambda phage.	e. coli recf mutants have a greatly reduced capacity for weigle mutagenesis of ultraviolet light-irradiated lambda phage. a recf 332::tn3 mutation was introduced into an e. coli reca441 lexa51 strain which constitutively expresses sos functions. weigle mutagenesis of phage lambda could occur in the resulting strain in the absence of host cell irradiation, and was increased when the reca441 (tif) allele was activated by increased temperature and excess adenine. the inability of recf strains to su ...	1986	3018447
a transient expression assay for tissue-specific gene expression of alcohol dehydrogenase in drosophila.	the regulation of expression of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene of drosophila was examined by injecting plasmids containing the gene directly into preblastoderm embryos and subsequently staining for alcohol dehydrogenase activity in somatic cells of larvae and adults. the alcohol dehydrogenase genes introduced in this manner were expressed normally in both adults and larvae; i.e., alcohol dehydrogenase activity was found exclusively in tissues where it would normally be expressed. activity was fo ...	1986	3019802
cloning of micrococcus luteus 3-methyladenine-dna glycosylase genes in escherichia coli.	the 3-methyladenine-dna glycosylase (m3adg) excises 3-methyladenine (m3a) residues formed in dna after treatment with alkylating agents. in escherichia coli, the repair of this type of damage depends on the products of the genes taga and/or alka, which code for m3adg i (20 kda) and ii (30 kda), respectively. the taga- and alka--single mutants are sensitive to alkylating agents, the double mutant much more so. we have cloned two genes of micrococcus luteus that can partly substitute the function ...	1986	3019831
nucleotide sequence and transcription of a human glycine trnagcc gene and nearby pseudogene.	a bacteriophage lambda clone containing a 15.4-kb human dna fragment was isolated and found to contain a glycine trna gene and, 758 bp away, a pseudogene, both with an anticodon of gcc. the nucleotide (nt) sequence of a 1362-bp segment of this clone, encompassing the gene, pseudogene, and their flanking regions, was determined. the gene and pseudogene have an identical sequence of eight nt (5'-cagctgga-3') in their 5'-flanking regions immediately preceding the coding regions, as well as characte ...	1986	3019833
the fos gene product undergoes extensive post-translational modification in eukaryotic but not in prokaryotic cells.	to investigate the properties of the fos oncogene, we have constructed bacterial and yeast vectors which express the entire fos-coded protein (fos) and two c-terminal deletion products. in escherichia coli, fos proteins were expressed from the phage lambda pl promotor under the control of the temperature-sensitive lambda repressor. in vitro transcription/translation studies indicate that these vectors produce fos proteins of the expected sizes. however, in vivo, fos protein accumulation is obser ...	1986	3019839