Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| gm3, gm2 and gm1 mimics designed for biosensing: chemoenzymatic synthesis, target affinities and 900 mhz nmr analysis. | undec-10-enyl, undec-10-ynyl and 11-azidoundecyl glycoside analogues corresponding to the oligosaccharides of human gangliosides gm3, gm2 and gm1 were synthesized in high yields using glycosyltransferases from campylobacter jejuni. due to poor water solubility of the substrates, the reactions were carried out in methanol-water media, which for the first time were shown to be compatible with the c. jejuni alpha-(2-->3)-sialyltransferase (cst-06) and beta-(1-->4)-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase ... | 2008 | 18255051 |
| characterization of vibrio cholerae isolated from the aquatic basins of the state of pernambuco, brazil. | through a continuous bacteriological monitoring programme carried out by the health secretariat of the state of pernambuco, brazil, two isolates of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor ogawa were discovered in an endemic area in 2001, during a cholera inactive period, along with six v. cholerae non-o1/non-o139 strains and two aeromonas veronii biovar sobria strains showing an unusual characteristic of agglutination with o1 antiserum. between that time and 2005, eight other o1 isolates were found. the virul ... | 2008 | 18258274 |
| a randomized controlled trial of glucose versus amylase resistant starch hypo-osmolar oral rehydration solution for adult acute dehydrating diarrhea. | reduction of gross diarrhea rate in excess of that seen over time with intravenous therapy and appropriate antibiotics is not usually achieved by oral glucose-electrolyte rehydration therapy for cholera and cholera-like diarrheas. | 2008 | 18270575 |
| cholix toxin, a novel adp-ribosylating factor from vibrio cholerae. | the adp-ribosyltransferases are a class of enzymes that display activity in a variety of bacterial pathogens responsible for causing diseases in plants and animals, including those affecting mankind, such as diphtheria, cholera, and whooping cough. we report the characterization of a novel toxin from vibrio cholerae, which we call cholix toxin. the toxin is active against mammalian cells (ic(50) = 4.6 +/- 0.4 ng/ml) and crustaceans (artemia nauplii ld(50) = 10 +/- 2 mug/ml). here we show that th ... | 2008 | 18276581 |
| [specificity of lectin receptors of cholera vibrios]. | spectrum of carbohydrate specificity of lectin receptors of epidemically significant cholera vibrios (ctx(+) tcp(+) hly(-)) as well as non epidemic hemolytic variants with or without tcp a gene (ctx(-) tcp(-) hly(+), ctx(-) tcp(+) hly(+)) was studied under the carbohydrates-mediated inhibition of hemagglutination between human erythrocytes of four blood groups and sheep erythrocytes. it was demonstrated that in toxigenic cultures lectin receptors specific for glucose, mannose, sacharose, lactose ... | 2007 | 18277542 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae epidural brain infection in a 12-year-old boy after a depressed skull fracture. | 2008 | 18277914 | |
| determination of molecular phylogenetics of vibrio parahaemolyticus strains by multilocus sequence typing. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important human pathogen whose transmission is associated with the consumption of contaminated seafood. there is a growing public health concern due to the emergence of a pandemic strain causing severe outbreaks worldwide. many questions remain unanswered regarding the evolution and population structure of v. parahaemolyticus. in this work, we describe a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for v. parahaemolyticus based on the internal fragment sequences of seve ... | 2008 | 18281404 |
| structural determinants of v. cholerae cheys that discriminate them in flim binding: comparative modeling and md simulation studies. | chemotaxis of vibrio cholerae is a complex process where multiple paralogues of various chemotaxis genes participate. v. cholerae contains five copies of the response regulator protein chey (cheyv) and the role played by these chey homologs in chemotaxis and virulence are investigated only through a few in vivo studies. as identification of the molecular features that discriminate cheyvs in terms of flim binding is necessary for the detailed understanding of chemotaxis and pathogenesis, we built ... | 2008 | 18282004 |
| [prophage ctxphi genome variability and its role in alteration of vibrio cholerae el tor virulence characteristics]. | comparative analysis of ctxphi prophage genome of 366 v. cholerae el tor strains isolated from infected people and water was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction. four groups of vibrios, which carry different combinations of ctxa, zot, and ace genes from core region of ctxphi prophage coding key (cholera enterotoxin) and accessory (zot and ace toxins) pathogenicity factors, were determined: ctxa(+) zot(-) ace(+), ctxa(-) zot(+) ace(+), ctxa(-) zot(+) ace(-), ctxa(-) zot(-) ace(+). vib ... | 2007 | 18283731 |
| identification and characterization of (1r,6r)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase in the menaquinone biosynthesis of escherichia coli. | menaquinone is a lipid-soluble molecule that plays an essential role as an electron carrier in the respiratory chain of many bacteria. we have previously shown that its biosynthesis in escherichia coli involves a new intermediate, 2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate (sephchc), and requires an additional enzyme to convert this intermediate into (1 r,6 r)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate (shchc). here, we report the identification and characterizatio ... | 2008 | 18284213 |
| cell surface n-glycosylation and sialylation regulate galectin-3-induced apoptosis in human diffuse large b cell lymphoma. | galectin-3 is a soluble endogenous lectin in vertebrates and is implicated in a variety of biological functions, including tumor cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cancer progression and metastasis. in the present study, we analyzed the role of galectin-3 in apoptosis in human malignant lymphoma. galectin-3 induced cell death in the hbl-2 human diffuse large b cell lymphoma cell line. a morphological examination and annexin v assays revealed that galectin-3-induced cell de ... | 2008 | 18288410 |
| the na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na+-nqr) from vibrio cholerae enhances insertion of fes in overproduced nqrf subunit. | the na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na+-nqr) from vibrio cholerae is a membrane-bound, respiratory na+ pump. its nqrf subunit contains one fad and a [2fe-2s] cluster and catalyzes the initial oxidation of nadh. a soluble variant of nqrf lacking its hydrophobic, n-terminal helix (nqrf') was produced in v. cholerae wild type and nqr deletion strain. under identical conditions of growth and induction, the yield of nqrf' increased by 30% in the presence of the na+-nqr. fad-containing ... | 2008 | 18289689 |
| type vi secretion: a beginner's guide. | type vi secretion is a newly described mechanism for protein transport across the cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria. components that have been partially characterised include an icmf homologue, the atpase clpv, a regulatory fha domain protein and the secreted vgrg and hcp proteins. type vi secretion is clearly a key virulence factor for some important pathogenic bacteria and has been implicated in the translocation of a potential effector protein into eukaryotic cells by at least one organ ... | 2008 | 18289922 |
| crystal structure of vc1805, a conserved hypothetical protein from a vibrio cholerae pathogenicity island, reveals homology to human p32. | 2008 | 18300248 | |
| [advances in study of novel absorption enhancers based on tight junctions]. | hydrophilic low molecular drugs, peptides and proteins, which are always poor in bioavailability, are mainly absorbed through the paracellular way in which the tight junction is the elementary framework. the tight junctions are a multiple unit structure composed of multiprotein complex that affiliates with the underlying apical actomyosin ring. tight junction proteins are identified including transmembrane proteins (occludin, claudin and jam) , cytoplasmic plaque proteins (zo-1, zo-2, zo-3 and c ... | 2007 | 18300465 |
| environmental pollutions impacts on the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of suburban and rural groundwater supplies in marrakesh area (morocco). | this study scrutinized bacteriological and chemical quality of groundwater supplies of marrakesh (morocco) within a year. it assessed the influence of some chemical factors on fecal and opportunistic pathogenic bacterial communities. the annual average densities of fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci and pseudomonas aeruginosa were respectively: 1891 colony forming units (cfu)/100 ml, 1246 cfu/100 ml and 206 cfu/100 ml. the total occurrence of these bacteria during the period of study was 94%. d ... | 2008 | 18306049 |
| emergence of vibrio cholerae oi biotype eit or serotype inaba in aligarh. | 2007 | 18306613 | |
| rolling circle amplification and circle-to-circle amplification of a specific gene integrated with electrophoretic analysis on a single chip. | we have developed an integrated platform for rolling circle amplification (rca) and circle-to-circle amplification (c2ca) of circular probe (padlock probe) and subsequent microchip electrophoretic detection of a specific gene on a poly(methyl methacrylate) microchip. rca and c2ca were successfully carried out at a steady temperature of 37 degrees c in the sample well of the microchip, and their respective product was detected on the same channel of the microchip, which was prefilled with a polym ... | 2008 | 18307323 |
| in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of granulysin-derived peptides against vibrio cholerae. | to determine the antibacterial activity of synthetic peptides derived from the cationic antimicrobial peptide granulysin against vibrio cholerae. | 2008 | 18310138 |
| covariability of vibrio cholerae microdiversity and environmental parameters. | fine-scale diversity of natural bacterial assemblages has been attributed to neutral radiation because correspondence between bacterial phylogenetic signals in the natural environment and environmental parameters had not been detected. evidence that such correspondence occurs is provided for vibrio cholerae, establishing a critical role for environmental parameters in bacterial diversity. | 2008 | 18310414 |
| the vibrio cholerae mrp system: cation/proton antiport properties and enhancement of bile salt resistance in a heterologous host. | the mrp operon from vibrio cholerae encoding a putative multisubunit na(+)/h(+) antiporter was cloned and functionally expressed in the antiporter-deficient strain of escherichia coli ep432. cells of ep432 expressing vc-mrp exhibited resistance to na(+) and li(+) as well as to natural bile salts such as sodium cholate and taurocholate. when assayed in everted membrane vesicles of the e. coli ep432 host, vc-mrp had sufficiently high antiport activity to facilitate the first extensive analysis of ... | 2009 | 18311075 |
| enzyme-linked amperometric electrochemical genosensor assay for the detection of pcr amplicons on a streptavidin-treated screen-printed carbon electrode. | a general purpose enzyme-based amperometric electrochemical genosensor assay was developed wherein polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplicons labeled with both biotin and fluorescein were detected with peroxidase-conjugated antifluorescein antibody on a screen-printed carbon electrode (spce). as a proof of principle, the response selectivity of the genosensor was evaluated using pcr amplicons derived from lolb gene of vibrio cholerae. factors affecting immobilization, hybridization, and nonspecif ... | 2008 | 18311943 |
| global impact of vibrio cholerae interactions with chitin. | the interaction of vibrio cholerae with chitin exemplifies for microbial ecology a successful bacteria-substrate interaction with complex and significant influence on the lifestyle of the bacterium. chitin is one of the most abundant polymers on earth and possibly the most abundant in the aquatic environment, where its association with v. cholerae has provided the microorganism with a number of advantages, including food availability, adaptation to environmental nutrient gradients, tolerance to ... | 2008 | 18312392 |
| effects of salt on the kinetics and thermodynamic stability of endonuclease i from vibrio salmonicida and vibrio cholerae. | adaptation to extreme environments affects the stability and catalytic efficiency of enzymes, often endowing them with great industrial potential. we compared the environmental adaptation of the secreted endonuclease i from the cold-adapted marine fish pathogen vibrio salmonicida (vsenda) and the human pathogen vibrio cholerae (vcenda). kinetic analysis showed that vsenda displayed unique halotolerance. it retained a considerable amount of activity from low concentrations to at least 0.6 m nacl, ... | 2008 | 18312415 |
| il-1beta expression in int407 is induced by flagellin of vibrio cholerae through tlr5 mediated pathway. | vibrio cholerae, a noninvasive enteric bacterium, causing inflammatory diarrheal disease cholera, is associated with the secretion of proinflamammatory cytokines including il-1beta in cultured epithelial cells. incubation of int407 with live v. cholerae resulted in increased il-1beta mrna expression as early as 2h of infection, reached a peak at approximately 3.5h and decreased thereafter. the identity of the effector molecule(s) is largely unknown. the bacterial culture supernatant showed il-1b ... | 2008 | 18314303 |
| vibrio cholerae and aeromonas: do they share a mutual host? | species of the genus aeromonas are native inhabitants of aquatic environments and have recently been considered as an emergent human pathogen. it is estimated that aeromonads cause up to 13% of reported gastroenteritis cases in the united states. although the autochthonous existence of aeromonas in the aquatic environment has been established, its natural reservoir is as yet unknown. chironomids are closely related to mosquitoes except they do not bite and they are the most widely distributed in ... | 2008 | 18317460 |
| environmental vibrio spp., isolated in mozambique, contain a polymorphic group of integrative conjugative elements and class 1 integrons. | circulation of mobile genetic elements linked to drug resistance spread was studied in vibrio strains isolated from surface urban water (river and sea) and shellfish samples in 2002-2003 in maputo, mozambique. class 1 integrons and integrating conjugative elements (ice) were investigated by pcr and mating experiments in strains of major health interest: 10 vibrio cholerae, six vibrio parahaemolyticus, two vibrio alginolyticus and one vibrio fluvialis. resistance to at least two antibiotics (pred ... | 2008 | 18318712 |
| identification of vibrio cholerae and vibrio mimicus by multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa). | vibrio cholerae and vibrio mimicus have similar phenotypes and genomes making rapid differentiation of these two species difficult. the first standard multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa) scheme for the identification of these species is described. a collection of 45 representative isolates from different geographical regions and hosts was examined using segments of the housekeeping genes pyrh, reca and rpoa. overall, the closest phylogenetic neighbours of these species were vibrio furnissii and ... | 2008 | 18319466 |
| the structure of a redundant enzyme: a second isoform of aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase in vibrio cholerae. | aspartate-beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asadh) is an essential enzyme that is found in bacteria, fungi and plants but not in humans. asadh produces the first branch-point metabolite in the biosynthetic pathways that lead to the production of lysine, threonine, methionine and isoleucine as well as the cell-wall precursor diaminopimelate. as a consequence, asadh appears to be an excellent target for the development of novel antibiotics, especially for gram-negative bacteria that require diamino ... | 2008 | 18323627 |
| genomic and functional analysis of icepdaspa1, a fish-pathogen-derived sxt-related integrating conjugative element that can mobilize a virulence plasmid. | integrating conjugative elements (ices) are self-transmissible mobile elements that transfer between bacteria via conjugation and integrate into the host chromosome. sxt and related ices became prevalent in asian vibrio cholerae populations in the 1990s and play an important role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in v. cholerae. here, we carried out genomic and functional analyses of icepdaspa1, an sxt-related ice derived from a spanish isolate of photobacterium damselae subsp. ... | 2008 | 18326579 |
| vibrio cholerae in the environment: a simple method for reliable identification of the species. | a simple screening and identification protocol was assessed for the efficient distinction of colonies of vibrio cholerae species from others obtained on thiosulphate citrate bile salts sucrose agar after isolation from different environmental specimens. it was demonstrated here that the yellow colonies (sucrose-fermenting), which are able to grow on nutrient agar without added nacl and which present a positive oxidase reaction, can be confidently considered as presumptive v. cholerae. confirmati ... | 2007 | 18330064 |
| is hiv infection associated with an increased risk for cholera? findings from a case-control study in mozambique. | as residents of sub-saharan africa are at high risk for hiv and cholera, it is biologically plausible that immune suppression caused by hiv infection predisposes to cholera. our aim was to assess the potential association between both diseases. | 2008 | 18331384 |
| microchip electrophoresis for specific gene detection of the pathogenic bacteria v. cholerae by circle-to-circle amplification. | we have developed a new method for a fast and precise analysis of circle-to-circle amplification (c2ca) product for specific gene detection by microchip electrophoresis. in this method, we have added a new enzymatic step to the c2ca reaction, which could be carried out isothermally at 37 degrees c. compared to the original single-stranded dna, the double-stranded dna that is produced by this enzymatic reaction is more reliable for analysis by microchip electrophoresis. c2ca product was detected ... | 2008 | 18332538 |
| rapid spread of vibrio cholerae o1 throughout kenya, 2005. | between january and june 2005, 5 distinct cholera outbreaks occurred in kenya. overall, 990 cases and 25 deaths (2.5%) were reported. four outbreaks occurred in towns along major highways, and 1 occurred in a refugee camp near the sudanese border, accessible to nairobi by daily flights. matched case-control studies from 2 outbreaks showed that failure to treat drinking water and storing drinking water in wide-mouthed containers were significantly associated with disease. isolates from all 5 outb ... | 2008 | 18337355 |
| production and sequence validation of a complete full length orf collection for the pathogenic bacterium vibrio cholerae. | cholera, an infectious disease with global impact, is caused by pathogenic strains of the bacterium vibrio cholerae. high-throughput functional proteomics technologies now offer the opportunity to investigate all aspects of the proteome, which has led to an increased demand for comprehensive protein expression clone resources. genome-scale reagents for cholera would encourage comprehensive analyses of immune responses and systems-wide functional studies that could lead to improved vaccine and th ... | 2008 | 18337508 |
| prevalence of acute diarrhoea in kathmandu valley. | this retrospective study was conducted during january to september in the year 1997. three hundred and forty nine stool samples were collected from diarrhoea patients from different places of kathmandu valley and examined at national public health laboratory (nphl), teku, kathmandu. acute diarrhoea becomes epidemic in rainy season and is a major public health problem of the city. in this study, people with poor hygiene practice and poor education were infected more than other people. among the 3 ... | 2007 | 18340369 |
| evidence that aphb, essential for the virulence of vibrio vulnificus, is a global regulator. | the vibrio vulnificus aphb mutant was significantly less virulent than the wild type and was impaired in motility and adherence to host cells. microarray analysis revealed that aphb of v. vulnificus (aphb(vv)) influences the expression of over 10% of the v. vulnificus genome. the combined results indicated that aphb(vv) is a global regulator contributing to the pathogenesis of v. vulnificus. | 2008 | 18344367 |
| diarrhea in a renal allograft recipient in the tropics. | 2008 | 18347550 | |
| synthesis of 2-amido, 2-amino, and 2-azido derivatives of the nitrogen analogue of the naturally occurring glycosidase inhibitor salacinol and their inhibitory activities against o-glcnacase and nagz enzymes. | seven 2-substituted derivatives of the nitrogen analogue of salacinol, a naturally occurring glycosidase inhibitor, were synthesized for structure-activity studies with hexosaminidase enzymes. the target zwitterionic compounds were synthesized by means of nucleophilic attack of the 2-azido-1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol at the least hindered carbon atom of 2,4-o-benzylidene-l-erythritol-1,3-cyclic sulfate. hydrogenation of the azido zwitterionic compound in methanol resulted in the reduction ... | 2008 | 18358456 |
| linking microbial phylogeny to metabolic activity at the single-cell level by using enhanced element labeling-catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (el-fish) and nanosims. | to examine phylogenetic identity and metabolic activity of individual cells in complex microbial communities, we developed a method which combines rrna-based in situ hybridization with stable isotope imaging based on nanometer-scale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (nanosims). fluorine or bromine atoms were introduced into cells via 16s rrna-targeted probes, which enabled phylogenetic identification of individual cells by nanosims imaging. to overcome the natural fluorine and bromine backgrounds, ... | 2008 | 18359832 |
| emergence of tetracycline-resistant vibrio cholerae o1 serotype inaba, in kolkata, india. | out of 2,235 diarrheal stool samples collected from patients admitted to the infectious diseases hospital, kolkata, 343 cases were positive for vibrio cholerae (341, v. cholerae o1 and 2, o139). during the year 2004, infections caused by v. cholerae serotype ogawa and inaba were 93 and 7%, respectively, while in 2005, the inaba isolation rate rose to 88% as compared to 12% for ogawa. susceptibility to antimicrobial agents revealed that the o1 strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics (ampic ... | 2008 | 18362401 |
| bacteriophage infection is targeted to cellular poles. | the poles of bacteria exhibit several specialized functions related to the mobilization of dna and certain proteins. to monitor the infection of escherichia coli cells by light microscopy, we developed procedures for the tagging of mature bacteriophages with quantum dots. surprisingly, most of the infecting phages were found attached to the bacterial poles. this was true for a number of temperate and virulent phages of e. coli that use widely different receptors and for phages infecting yersinia ... | 2008 | 18363799 |
| [complex morphological approach to assessment of protective properties of preparations for cholera specific prophylaxis]. | using developed scheme, complex study of protective properties of avirulent recombinant strain vibrio cholerae el tor inaba km 184 was performed. necessity for broadening of standard procedure of testing of cholera vaccines protective properties by using of quantitative methods of assessment of morphological changes and state of biomodel's functional systems, which could increase the information value of assessment of studied vaccines, was experimentally substantiated. | 2008 | 18368749 |
| bacteria flora and heavy metals in cultivated oysters crassostrea iredalei of setiu wetland, east coast peninsular malaysia. | slipper oyster crassostrea iredalei is a species of good demand for its sweet flavor and white coloured flesh. the filter feeding nature predisposes oysters to accumulation of pathogenic and heavy metals in waters impacted by sewage pollutions and may thus render the oysters unfit for human consumption. a study was undertaken to investigate the presence of bacteria flora and heavy metal concentrations in cultivated oysters crassostrea iredalei at setiu wetland, terengganu, the only source of cul ... | 2008 | 18369732 |
| occurrence of pandemic clones of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from seafood and clinical samples in a chinese coastal province. | fifty-four isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus were examined for hemolytic and urease-producing phenotypes as well as presence of virulence markers by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). all clinical isolates (11/11, 100%) and one out of 42 isolates from seafood (2.4%) possessed the tdh gene and showed hemolysis. this tdh-positive seafood isolate as well as four clinical isolates belonged to the new pandemic clone o3:k6 according to serotyping and sequencing of the toxrs locus. the new o3:k6 clone, ... | 2008 | 18370608 |
| genomic organisation of the ctx element among toxigenic vibrio cholerae isolates. | the composition and gene arrangement of the ctx genetic element were compared in 36 vibrio cholerae isolates obtained during 2004-2006 from iran. long-pcr amplification of the ctx genetic element, using primers targeting ig1 and attb2, revealed three pcr products of c. 6.9, 5.6 and 2.6 kb, respectively. southern blot hybridisation revealed that 30%, 17% and 53% of the isolates had one, two and three copies of the zot gene, respectively. pcr analysis of internal regions showed that isolates with ... | 2008 | 18373694 |
| neonatal sublingual vaccination with salmonella proteins and adjuvant cholera toxin or cpg oligodeoxynucleotides induces mucosal and systemic immunity in mice. | salmonella enteritidis is one of the most common enteric pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis. a vaccine that can induce systemic and mucosal immune responses by a simple, noninvasive pathway and provide protection against this mucosal pathogen is needed. | 2008 | 18376242 |
| [quarantine infectious diseases and sanitary control of territories in modern conditions]. | 2008 | 18376467 | |
| invasive vibrio cholerae infection following burn injury. | vibrio cholerae is a pathogen predominantly appreciated for its potential to produce life-threatening watery diarrhea, usually without invasive disease. however, nonepidemic forms, which are present worldwide, may have a severe invasive presentation, especially among those with liver disease or other immunocompromised states. we present a case of invasive infection (pulmonary, wound, and bacteremia) by nonepidemic v. cholerae, in a soldier that sustained burn injury in iraq. multiple factors, to ... | 2008 | 18388568 |
| plesiomonas shigelloides hugz encodes an iron-regulated heme binding protein required for heme iron utilization. | plesiomonas shigelloides is an intestinal pathogen that uses heme as an iron source. the p. shigelloides heme utilization system consists of 10 genes, 7 of which permit heme transport and 3 of which are associated with utilization of heme as an iron source once it is inside the cell. the goal of this study was to examine hugz, 1 of the 3 genes associated with utilization of heme iron. dph8, a hugz mutant, failed to grow to full cell density in media containing heme as the iron source, indicating ... | 2008 | 18388978 |
| rapid screening of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 strains from south iran by pcr-elisa. | the ability to sensitively detect vibrio cholera with pcr-elisa method represents a considerable advancement over alternative more time-consuming methods for detection of this pathogen. the aim of this research is to evaluate the suitability of a pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for sensitive and rapid detection of v. cholera o1. | 2008 | 18392091 |
| human-derived probiotic lactobacillus reuteri demonstrate antimicrobial activities targeting diverse enteric bacterial pathogens. | lactobacillus reuteri is a commensal-derived anaerobic probiotic that resides in the human gastrointestinal tract. l. reuteri converts glycerol into a potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound, reuterin, which inhibits the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. in this study, we compared four human-derived l. reuteri isolates (atcc 55730, atcc pta 6475, atcc pta 4659 and atcc pta 5289) in their ability to produce reuterin and to inhibit the growth of different enteric pathogens i ... | 2008 | 18396068 |
| susceptibility to vibrio cholerae infection in a cohort of household contacts of patients with cholera in bangladesh. | despite recent progress in understanding the molecular basis of vibrio cholerae pathogenesis, there is relatively little knowledge of the factors that determine the variability in human susceptibility to v. cholerae infection. | 2008 | 18398491 |
| increased prevalence of indicator and pathogenic bacteria in vembanadu lake: a function of salt water regulator, along south west coast of india. | prevalence of faecal indicator bacteria, escherichia coli and pathogenic bacteria, vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus and salmonella were analysed in vembanadu lake (9 degrees 35'n 76 degrees 25'e), along south west coast of india for a period of one year from ten stations on the southern and northern sides of a salt water regulator constructed in vembanadu lake in order to prevent incursion of seawater during certain periods of the year. while the northern side of the lake has a connectio ... | 2008 | 18401119 |
| detection of virulence genes in vibrio cholerae isolated from aquatic environment in kerala, southern india. | vibrio cholerae is the etiologic agent of cholera. it is an autochthonous inhabitant of all aquatic environments. the virulence of v. cholerae is maintained by the ctx genetic element and tcpa gene. in the present investigation, environmental strains of v. cholerae isolated from different aquatic biotopes in kerala were identified and serotyped. the antibiotic resistance pattern and presence of virulence and regulatory genes were examined. we found the presence of toxigenic non-o1/non-o139 strai ... | 2008 | 18401561 |
| two new antibacterial norabietane diterpenoids from cyanobacteria, microcoleous lacustris. | two abietane diterpenes were isolated from cyanobacteria microcoleous lacustris, 20-nor-3alpha-acetoxyabieta-5,7,9,11,13-pentaene and 20-nor-3alpha-acetoxy-12-hydroxy-abieta-5,7,9,11,13-pentaene. these compounds were assayed against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, salmonella typhi, vibrio cholerae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, and klebsiella pneumoniae. both compounds showed activity against s. aureus, s. epidermidis, s. typhi, and v. cholerae, but not ... | 2008 | 18404301 |
| limited functional conservation of a global regulator among related bacterial genera: lrp in escherichia, proteus and vibrio. | bacterial genome sequences are being determined rapidly, but few species are physiologically well characterized. predicting regulation from genome sequences usually involves extrapolation from better-studied bacteria, using the hypothesis that a conserved regulator, conserved target gene, and predicted regulator-binding site in the target promoter imply conserved regulation between the two species. however many compared organisms are ecologically and physiologically diverse, and the limits of ex ... | 2008 | 18405378 |
| the legionella autoinducer synthase lqsa produces an alpha-hydroxyketone signaling molecule. | the opportunistic pathogen legionella pneumophila replicates in human lung macrophages and in free-living amoebae. to accommodate the transfer between host cells, l. pneumophila switches from a replicative to a transmissive phase. l. pneumophila harbors a gene cluster homologous to the vibrio cholerae cqsas quorum sensing system, encoding a putative autoinducer synthase (lqsa) and a sensor kinase (lqss), which flank a response regulator (lqsr). lqsr is an element of the l. pneumophila virulence ... | 2008 | 18411263 |
| measurement of the binding of cholera toxin to gm1 gangliosides on solid supported lipid bilayer vesicles and inhibition by europium (iii) chloride. | in this paper the immobilization of small unilamellar dmpc/gm1 lipid vesicles containing a water-soluble bodipy dye is described. the binding of the complete alphabeta toxin expressed by vibrio cholerae to the attached vesicles was measured using surface plasmon resonance (spr) and a value of the dissociation constant k d obtained. further measurements showed that the interaction of both the alphabeta-toxin and the beta-subunit alone resulted in the permeation of the lipid membrane, with release ... | 2008 | 18412339 |
| complete sequence of the flor-carrying multiresistance plasmid pab5s9 from freshwater aeromonas bestiarum. | a multiresistant aeromonas bestiarum strain, shown to be persistent and spreading in a freshwater stream, was investigated for the presence, location and organization of antimicrobial resistance genes. | 2008 | 18413319 |
| cholera vaccines for the developing world. | cholera remains as a global public health threat affecting most of the developing world. in endemic areas, young children are most affected. outbreaks are reported increasingly from more countries. improvements in water and sanitation may be the mainstays of cholera prevention but in the short term, vaccines provide an alternative in cholera control. since 1999, the world health organization has advocated the use of oral cholera vaccines as an adjunct in the control of cholera. although internat ... | 2008 | 18414029 |
| molecular epidemiological studies of vibrio cholerae in bengal region. | vibrio cholerae isolates from environmental and clinical origins in the bengal region in which epidemics of cholera break out periodically were analyzed with particular emphasis on the molecular epidemiological features. the presence of the virulence genes (ctxa, tcpa and toxr) in the isolates was analyzed by the pcr (polymerase chain reaction) method. pfge (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) was performed to determine the clonal relationships between the clinical and environmental strains. antib ... | 2008 | 18432110 |
| interrupting vibrio cholerae infection of human epithelial cells with engineered commensal bacterial signaling. | vibrio cholerae el tor serotypes are largely responsible for outbreaks of cholera in the developing world. the infection cycle for some strains of v. cholerae is coordinated, at least in part, through quorum sensing. that is, the expression of virulence genes depends on the concentration of v. cholerae autoinducers cholera autoinducer 1 (cai-1) and autoinducer 2 (ai-2). high concentrations of cai-1 and ai-2 have been shown previously to inhibit virulence gene expression. we have demonstrated her ... | 2008 | 18433007 |
| expression of accessory colonization factor subunit a (acfa) of vibrio cholerae and acfa fused to cholera toxin b subunit in transgenic tomato (solanum lycopersicum). | in earlier study from our group, cholera toxin b subunit had been expressed in tomato for developing a plant-based vaccine against cholera. in the present investigation, gene for accessory colonization factor (acf) subunit a, earlier reported to be essential for efficient colonization in the intestine, has been expressed in escherichia coli as well as tomato plants. gene encoding for a chimeric protein having a fusion of cholera toxin b subunit and accessory colonization factor a was also expres ... | 2008 | 18436320 |
| fatal bacteremia due to immotile vibrio cholerae serogroup o21 in vientiane, laos - a case report. | human infections with non-o1, non-o139 v. cholerae have been described from laos. elsewhere, non cholera-toxin producing, non-o1, non-o139 v. cholerae have been described from blood cultures and ascitic fluid, although they are exceedingly rare isolates. | 2008 | 18439249 |
| lakes as source of cholera outbreaks, democratic republic of congo. | we studied the epidemiology of cholera in katanga and eastern kasai, in the democratic republic of congo, by compiling a database including all cases recorded from 2000 through 2005. results show that lakes were the sources of outbreaks and demonstrate the inadequacy of the strategy used to combat cholera. | 2008 | 18439365 |
| seasonal cholera from multiple small outbreaks, rural bangladesh. | clinical and environmental vibrio cholerae organisms collected from february 2004 through april 2005 were systematically isolated from 2 rural bangladeshi locales. their genetic relatedness was evaluated at 5 loci that contained a variable number of tandem repeats (vntr). the observed minimal overlap in vntr patterns between the 2 communities was consistent with sequential, small outbreaks from local sources. | 2008 | 18439375 |
| preservation of vibrio cholerae by suspension in normal saline. | 2008 | 18445968 | |
| physiology of microbes in biofilms. | microbial biofilms are governed by an intricate interplay between physical-chemical factors and the physiological and genetic properties of the inhabiting microbes. many of the physiological traits that are exhibited in a biofilm environment have been observed and studied previously in detail in planktonic cultures. however, their differential and combinatorial phenotypic expression in distinct subpopulations localized to different regions in a biofilm is the cause for the overall biofilm hetero ... | 2008 | 18453270 |
| diarrhoeal outbreak of vibrio cholerae 01 inaba in delhi. | v. cholerae o1 eltor serotype ogawa has been causing most of the cholera outbreaks in india till recently. however this communication reports the occurrence of vibrio cholerae o1 inaba in delhi in 2005, as a predominant causative organism of cholera in children. all strains isolated were sensitive to gentamicin and a high level of resistance towards nalidixic acid and amoxicillin was seen. there was no case fatality. | 2008 | 18453505 |
| crystallization and preliminary characterization of a novel haem-binding protein of streptomyces reticuli. | streptomyces reticuli is a soil-growing gram-positive bacteria that has been shown to secrete a novel haem-binding protein known as hbps. sequence analysis reveals that homologues of hbps are found in a wide variety of bacteria, including different actinobacteria and the gram-negative vibrio cholera and klebsiella pneumoniae. the in vivo production of hbps is greatly increased when s. reticuli is cultured in the presence of the natural antibiotic haemin (fe3+ oxidized form of haem). mutational a ... | 2008 | 18453708 |
| oxidant-induced formation of a neutral flavosemiquinone in the na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na+-nqr) from vibrio cholerae. | the na(+)-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na(+)-nqr) from the human pathogen vibrio cholerae is a respiratory flavo-fes complex composed of the six subunits nqra-f. the na(+)-nqr was produced as his(6)-tagged protein by homologous expression in v. cholerae. the isolated complex contained near-stoichiometric amounts of non-covalently bound fad (0.78 mol/mol na(+)-nqr) and riboflavin (0.70 mol/mol na(+)-nqr), catalyzed nadh-driven na(+) transport (40 nmol na(+)min(-1) mg(-1)), and was i ... | 2008 | 18454933 |
| integration host factor positively regulates virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae. | virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae is dependent upon a complex transcriptional cascade that is influenced by both specific and global regulators in response to environmental stimuli. here, we report that the global regulator integration host factor (ihf) positively affects virulence gene expression in v. cholerae. inactivation of ihfa and ihfb, the genes encoding the ihf subunits, decreased the expression levels of the two main virulence factors tcpa and ctx and prevented toxin-coregul ... | 2008 | 18456804 |
| functional analysis of the essential gtp-binding-protein-coding gene cgta of vibrio cholerae. | the cgta gene, coding for the conserved g protein cgta, is essential in bacteria. in contrast to a previous report, here we show by using genetic analysis that cgta is essential in vibrio cholerae even in a delta rela background. depletion of cgta affected the growth of v. cholerae and rendered the cells highly sensitive to the replication inhibitor hydroxyurea. overexpression of v. cholerae cgta caused distinct elongation of escherichia coli cells. deletion analysis indicated that the c-termina ... | 2008 | 18456812 |
| the extracellular metalloprotease of vibrio tubiashii is a major virulence factor for pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) larvae. | vibrio tubiashii is a recently reemerging pathogen of larval bivalve mollusks, causing both toxigenic and invasive disease. marine vibrio spp. produce an array of extracellular products as potential pathogenicity factors. culture supernatants of v. tubiashii have been shown to be toxic to oyster larvae and were reported to contain a metalloprotease and a cytolysin/hemolysin. however, the structural genes responsible for these proteins have yet to be identified, and it is uncertain which extracel ... | 2008 | 18456850 |
| outbreak news. severe acute watery diarrhoea with cases positive for vibrio cholerae, viet nam. | 2008 | 18456905 | |
| environmental vibrio cholerae o139 may be the progenitor of outbreak of cholera in coastal area of orissa, eastern india, 2000: molecular evidence. | 2008 | 18458319 | |
| distribution of genes for virulence and ecological fitness among diverse vibrio cholerae population in a cholera endemic area: tracking the evolution of pathogenic strains. | the pathogenic strains of vibrio cholerae that cause acute enteric infections in humans are derived from environmental nonpathogenic strains. to track the evolution of pathogenic v. cholerae and identify potential precursors of new pathogenic strains, we analyzed 324 environmental or clinical v. cholerae isolates for the presence of diverse genes involved in virulence or ecological fitness. of 251 environmental non-o1, non-o139 strains tested, 10 (3.9%) carried the toxin coregulated pilus (tcp) ... | 2008 | 18462070 |
| quadruplex pcr for simultaneous detection of serotype, biotype, toxigenic potential, and central regulating factor of vibrio cholerae. | a quadruplex pcr was developed for the simultaneous detection of genes specific for vibrio cholerae o1 and/or o139 serogroup (wbe and/or wbf), cholera toxin a subunit (ctxa), toxin-coregulated pilus (tcpa), and central regulating protein toxr (toxr) in a single tube reaction. this is a simple, rapid, and accurate approach for the detection of toxigenic v. cholerae o1 and/or o139 and can prevent the rapid spread of the disease by early detection. | 2008 | 18463208 |
| the metalloprotease prtv from vibrio cholerae. | the vibrio metalloprotease prtv was purified from the culture supernatant of a vibrio cholerae derivative that is deficient in several other secreted peptidases, including the otherwise abundant hemagglutinin/protease hapa. the prtv is synthesized as a 102 kda protein, but undergoes several n- and c-terminal processing steps during v. cholerae envelope translocation and prolonged incubation. purified v. cholerae prtv protease forms of 81 or 73 kda were stabilized by calcium ions. removal of calc ... | 2008 | 18479458 |
| representing health, disorder and their transitions by digraphs. | in this study clinical decision making (cdm) is formalized by representing the aetiology and the human body by one directed graph (digraph) and using standard digraph operators (change, add, delete, contract) to model transitions between health and disorder. all nodes of the digraph have the same composite structure <localization, carrier, agent>. for example, an aetiology node is <ganges river, water, vibrio cholera>. paths in the aetiology subdigraph model epidemiological spread. virulent path ... | 2008 | 18487720 |
| vibrio cholerae rnd family efflux systems are required for antimicrobial resistance, optimal virulence factor production, and colonization of the infant mouse small intestine. | vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative human intestinal pathogen that causes the diarrheal disease cholera. humans acquire cholera by ingesting v. cholerae-contaminated food or water. upon ingestion, v. cholerae encounters several barriers to colonization, including bile acid toxicity and antimicrobial products of the innate immune system. in many gram-negative bacteria, resistance to the antimicrobial effects of these products is mediated by rnd (resistance-nodulation-division) family efflux system ... | 2008 | 18490456 |
| crystal structure of a putative lysostaphin peptidase from vibrio cholerae. | 2008 | 18498110 | |
| dual role colonization factors connecting vibrio cholerae's lifestyles in human and aquatic environments open new perspectives for combating infectious diseases. | vibrio cholerae exhibits two distinctive lifestyles, one inside the milieu of the human intestine and the other in the aquatic environment. recently, the existence of v. cholerae ligands involved in colonization of both human intestine and environmental chitin surfaces via the same binding specificity has been shown. such molecules, here named 'dual role colonization factors (drcfs)', are example of a tight connection between the two v. cholerae's lifestyles. it is suggested that drcfs and, more ... | 2008 | 18501582 |
| filamentous vibriophage fs2 encoding the rstc gene integrates into the same chromosomal region as the ctx phage [corrected]. | the genome of the filamentous phage of vibrio cholerae fs2 was found to contain rstc and rstb1 (truncated) genes downstream of orf500. att-fs2-dir and att-fs2-rev sequences homologous to that of att-ctxphi were found between orf500 and rstc of the fs2 genome. this prompted us to search for the integration site of fs2 in the genomes of v. cholerae o1 and o139. the genome of fs2 was found to integrate downstream of attrs of the ctxphi phage, which integrated into chromosome i of v. cholerae o1 and ... | 2008 | 18503544 |
| vibrio cholerae o1 hybrid el tor strains, asia and africa. | 2008 | 18507925 | |
| identification of a new rtx-like gene cluster in vibrio cholerae. | a gene cluster containing two genes in tandem has been identified in vibrio cholerae eltor n16961. each has more than one cadherin domain and is homologous to the rtx toxin family and was common in various v. cholerae strains. insertional mutagenesis demonstrated that each gene has a role in hep-2 cell rounding, hemolytic activity towards human and sheep rbcs and biofilm formation. the mutants showed reduced adherence to intestinal epithelial cells as well as reduction of in vivo colonization in ... | 2008 | 18510562 |
| a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the bivalent killed, whole-cell, oral cholera vaccine in adults and children in a cholera endemic area in kolkata, india. | an effective vaccine against cholera has been used for public health purposes in vietnam since the 1990s. this vaccine was reformulated to meet who requirements. we assessed the safety and immunogenicity of the reformulated bivalent (vibrio cholerae 01 and 0139) killed whole cell oral vaccine in a cholera endemic area in kolkata, india. | 2008 | 18523643 |
| biofilms in water, its role and impact in human disease transmission. | understanding the mechanism of biofilm formation is the first step in determining its function and, thereby, its impact and role in the environment. extensive studies accomplished during the past few years have elucidated the genetics and biochemistry of biofilm formation. cell-to-cell communication, that is, quorum sensing, is a key factor in the initiation of biofilm. occurrence of viable but nonculturable bacteria, including vibrio cholerae in biofilms has been reported and most likely such c ... | 2008 | 18524568 |
| the ecology of vibrio vulnificus, vibrio cholerae, and vibrio parahaemolyticus in north carolina estuaries. | while numerous studies have characterized the distribution and/or ecology of various pathogenic vibrio spp., here we have simultaneously examined several estuarine sites for vibrio vulnificus, v. cholerae, and v. parahaemolyticus. for a one year period, waters and sediment were monitored for the presence of these three pathogens at six different sites on the east coast of north carolina in the united states. all three pathogens, identified using colony hybridization and pcr methods, occurred in ... | 2008 | 18545963 |
| sensitive and rapid detection of cholera toxin-producing vibrio cholerae using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | vibrio cholerae is widely acknowledged as one of the most important waterborne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders. cholera toxin (ct) is a major virulence determinant of v. cholerae. detection of ct-producing v. cholerae using conventional culture-, biochemical- and immunological-based assays is time-consuming and laborious, requiring more than three days. thus, we developed a novel and highly specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the sensitive and rapid detec ... | 2008 | 18547441 |
| fluorescently labeled liposomes for monitoring cholera toxin binding to epithelial cells. | vibrio cholerae, the causative agent for cholera, expresses a toxin required for virulence consisting of two subunits: the pentameric cholera toxin b (ctb) and cholera toxin a (cta). ctb is frequently used as an indicator of the presence of pathogenic v. cholerae and binds to the g(m1) ganglioside on the surface of epithelial cells. to study v. cholerae virulence (ctb expression) in the presence of human epithelia, we devised an inexpensive, simple, and rapid method for quantifying ctb bound on ... | 2008 | 18549803 |
| genetic analyses of the putative o and k antigen gene clusters of pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus. | pandemic v. parahaemolyticus strains have rapidly changed their serotypes, but its determinants, especially k antigen, and the genes involved in serotype have been an open question. the purpose of this study was to gain insights into these points. although v. parahaemolyticus is known to be lacking o-side chain on its lipopolysaccharide, and o antigens are thought to be represented by core os, the genome sequence of v. parahaemolyticus o3:k6 strain rimd2210633 suggests that this bacterium potent ... | 2008 | 18557895 |
| risk of bacteremia in bleeding and nonbleeding gastric varices after endoscopic injection of cyanoacrylate. | bacteremia is common in cirrhosis with gastrointestinal bleeding, including variceal bleeding. elective esophageal sclerotherapy and banding have been reported to cause bacteremia. the risk associated with therapeutic endoscopy in patients with gastric varices has not yet been reported. this study was conducted to compare the risk of bacteremia between patients with active gastric variceal bleeding and those with gastric varices that were not actively bleeding who underwent n-butyl-2-cyanoacryla ... | 2008 | 18561097 |
| vaccination with dukoral against travelers' diarrhea (etec) and cholera. | there is currently only one vaccine available that provides protection against diarrhea caused by vibrio cholerae and, to a lesser degree, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). adverse events of this oral whole-cell/recombinant b-subunit vaccine have been negligible. protective efficacy against cholera is 85%, while protection against the heat-labile toxin of etec reaches 67%. there is still a need for data on protection of western travelers against travelers' diarrhea in general by dukoral v ... | 2008 | 18564011 |
| a defined transposon mutant library and its use in identifying motility genes in vibrio cholerae. | defined mutant libraries allow for efficient genome-scale screening and provide a convenient collection of mutations in almost any nonessential gene of interest. here, we present a near-saturating transposon insertion library in vibrio cholerae strain c6706, a clinical isolate belonging to the o1 el tor biotype responsible for the current cholera pandemic. automated sequencing analysis of 23,312 mutants allowed us to build a 3,156-member subset library containing a representative insertion in ev ... | 2008 | 18574146 |
| development and validation of a mismatch amplification mutation pcr assay to monitor the dissemination of an emerging variant of vibrio cholerae o1 biotype el tor. | a mismatch amplification mutation pcr assay was developed and validated for rapid detection of the biotype specific cholera toxin b subunit of v. cholerae o1. this assay will enable easy monitoring of the spread of a new emerging variant of the el tor biotype of v. cholerae o1. | 2008 | 18577166 |
| analysis of lolb gene sequence and its use in the development of a pcr assay for the detection of vibrio cholerae. | a pcr assay has been developed based on a lolb (hemm) gene, which was found to be highly conserved among the vibrio cholerae species but non-conserved among the other enteric bacteria. the lolb pcr detected all o1, o139 and non-o1/non-o139 serogroup and biotypes of v. cholerae. the analytical specificity of this assay was 100% while the analytical sensitivity was 10 pg/microl and 10(3) cfu/ml at dna and bacterial level respectively. the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was 98.5% and 100% r ... | 2008 | 18579241 |
| oligomerization of vibrio cholerae hemolysin induces cxcr3 upregulation and activation of b-1a cell. | the hemolysin oligomer promotes the proliferation of b-1a cells and the expression of cd25, which is indicative of cell activation, on b-1a cells. the upregulation of cd86 induced by the oligomer showed its selective bias for the b7-2 member of b7 family while the monomer failed to induce these effects. the oligomer induced the expression of cxcr3, associated with b cell activation, while the monomer induced the expression of cxcl4, a powerful angiostatic chemokine. in conclusion, we found that ... | 2008 | 18582406 |
| construction of a vibrio cholerae prototype vaccine strain o395-n1-e1 which accumulates cell-associated cholera toxin b subunit. | because of its production and use in vietnam, the most widely used oral cholera vaccine consists of heat- or formalin-killed vibrio cholerae whole cells (wc). an earlier version of this type of vaccine called whole cell-recombinant b subunit vaccine (bs-wc) produced in sweden also contained the b subunit of cholera toxin (ctb). both wc and bs-wc vaccines produced moderate levels of protection in field trials designed to evaluate their cholera efficacy. v. cholerae cells in these vaccines induce ... | 2008 | 18582519 |