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stenotrophomonas maltophilia bloodstream infection: comparison between community-onset and hospital-acquired infections.stenotrophomonas maltophilia has been recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen, but few reports have discussed s. maltophilia infection in the community settings. this study aimed to reveal characteristics of patients with community-onset s. maltophilia bloodstream infection (smbsi), to specify the subgroup of healthcare-associated (hca) infection in the community-onset group and to compare them with hospital-acquired (ha) smbsi patients.201423040236
different utilizable substrates have different effects on cometabolic fate of imidacloprid in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.imidacloprid, the largest selling insecticide in the world, is more stable in soil, and its environmental residue and effects are attracting people's close attention. one of imidacloprid metabolism pathways was degraded to co2 through olefin imidacloprid pathway. here, we report that sucrose as a utilizable substrate enhanced the cometabolism of imidacloprid by stenotrophomonas maltophilia cgmcc 1.1788 to produce 5-hydroxy imidacloprid, whereas when succinate was used as a utilizable substrate, ...201323053094
synthesis and biological activity of a novel series of 17-azapentacyclo [6.6.5.0(2.7).0(9.14).0(15,19)]nonadeca-2,4,6,9,11,13-hexaen-16,18-dione derivatives.in the search for novel antimicrobial agents, a series of new derivatives - n-substituted imides were prepared. all of the compounds were characterized by 'h nmr and esi ms spectra. these derivatives were tested for antimicrobial activity. microorganisms used in this study included aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and obligatory anaerobes such as bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and propion ...201223061286
anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), a component of green tea.the consumption of green tea (camellia sinensis) has been shown to have many physiological and pharmacological health benefits. in the past two decades several studies have reported that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), the main constituent of green tea, has anti-infective properties. antiviral activities of egcg with different modes of action have been demonstrated on diverse families of viruses, such as retroviridae, orthomyxoviridae and flaviviridae and include important human pathogens lik ...201323072320
[etiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia at the cardiovascular surgery clinic of iaşi].we want to assess the etiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) and emergence of resistant phenotypes for greater efficiency of the first-line antimicrobial treatment post-cardiac surgery. the study focuses on patients with vap post-cardiac surgery at the institute of cardiovascular surgery between april 2nd 2002 and august 27th 2008, divided in two groups, before and after june 14th, 2005.201623077867
bacterial pathogens of ventilator associated pneumonia in a tertiary referral hospital.this study evaluates the bacterial pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) in a tertiary referral hospital.201223101022
siderophores of stenotrophomonas maltophilia: detection and determination of their chemical nature.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen. despite the broad spectrum of syndromes associated with s. maltophilia infections, little is known about its virulence factors, including siderophore production. the aims of this work were to detect s. maltophilia siderophores and to determine their chemical nature. we studied 31 s. maltophilia isolates from device-associated infections, recovered over the period 2006-2011 at hospital de clínicas josé de san martín, buenos aires, a ...201323102461
antimicrobial susceptibility and combination testing of invasive stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates.treatment of invasive stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections is difficult due to this organism's inherent multidrug resistance and increasing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole via acquisition of the sul genes.201323113657
assessment of substrate inhibition of bacterial oligopeptidase b.oligopeptidase b (opb; ec 3.4.21.83) from 2 gram-negative bacteria, stenotrophomonas maltophilia (stm) and serratia marcescens (sem), and the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis (re) were cloned and characterized to clarify their activities and substrate specificities using peptidyl-mca substrates containing arg or lys. the cloned enzymes, stm, sem and reopbs, in addition to escherichia coli opb (ecopb) were expressed using a pet expression system. although the stm and semopbs share ...201223123472
effect of copper(ii) on biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene by stenotrophomonas maltophilia.benzo[a]pyrene (bap) biodegradation by stenotrophomonas maltophilia was studied under the influence of co-existed cu(ii) ions. about 45% degradation was achieved within 3d when dealing with 1 mg l(-1) bap under initial natural ph at 30 °c; degradation reached 48% in 2 d at 35 °c. efficacy of bap biodegradation reached the highest point at ph 4. in the presence of 10 mg l(-1) cu(ii) ions, the bap removal ratio was 45% on 7th day, and maintained stable from 7 to 14 d at 30 °c under natural ph. the ...201323141841
genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia s028, an isolate harboring the ampr-l2 resistance module.multidrug-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important cause of nosocomial infections, which is attributable mainly to the production of diverse β-lactamases by s. maltophilia. the l2 β-lactamase mediated by the ampr-l2 module is the most represented lactamase. here, we announce the genome sequence of s028, an isolate harboring the ampr-l2 module.201223144428
coordinate hyperproduction of smez and smejk efflux pumps extends drug resistance in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.a stenotrophomonas maltophilia mutant that coordinately hyper-expresses three resistance nodulation division-type efflux pump genes, smez, smej, and smek, has been identified. smez is responsible for elevating aminoglycoside mics; smej and smek are jointly responsible for elevating tetracycline, minocycline, and ciprofloxacin mics and conferring levofloxacin resistance. one clinical isolate with this same phenotype was identified from a sample of six, and the isolate also coordinately hyper-expr ...201323147729
esculentin-2cha: a host-defense peptide with differential cytotoxicity against bacteria, erythrocytes and tumor cells.the host-defense peptide, esculentin-2cha (gfssifrgva(10)kfaskglgk d(20)laklgvdlva(30) ckiskqc) shows potent (mic≤6 μm) growth inhibitory activity against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus, acinetobacter baumannii, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia and differential cytotoxic activity against human erythrocytes (lc(50)=150 μm) and human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma a549 cells (lc(50)=10 μm). esculentin-2cha significantly (p<0.01) stimulates the release ...201323159562
nontuberculous mycobacteria, fungi, and opportunistic pathogens in unchlorinated drinking water in the netherlands.the multiplication of opportunistic pathogens in drinking water supplies might pose a threat to public health. in this study, distributed unchlorinated drinking water from eight treatment plants in the netherlands was sampled and analyzed for fungi, nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm), and several opportunistic pathogens by using selective quantitative pcr methods. fungi and ntm were detected in all drinking water samples, whereas legionella pneumophila, pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas ma ...201323160134
complete genome sequence of ime15, the first t7-like bacteriophage lytic to pan-antibiotic-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia.t7-like bacteriophages are a class of virulent bacteriophages which have a clearer genetic background and smaller genomes than other phages. in addition, it grows faster and is easier to culture than other phages. at present, the numbers of available t7-like bacteriophage genomes and stenotrophomonas maltophilia genomes are small, and ime15 is the first t7-like virulent stenotrophomonas phage whose sequence has been reported. it shows effective lysis of s. maltophilia. here we announce its compl ...201223166248
role of the moth fly clogmia albipunctata (diptera: psychodinae) as a mechanical vector of bacterial pathogens in german hospitals.the formerly mediterranean moth fly species clogmia albipunctata (diptera: psychodidae) is now present in germany, where it has become a common, year-round pest in hospital buildings.201323182212
cutaneous granulomatous reaction caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia following injury. 201323190050
rosmarinic acid from eelgrass shows nematicidal and antibacterial activities against pine wood nematode and its carrying bacteria.pine wilt disease (pwd), a destructive disease for pine trees, is caused by the pine wood nematode (pwn), bursaphelenchus xylophilus and additional bacteria. in this study, extracts of zostera marina showed a high nematicidal activity against pwn and some of the bacteria that it carries. light yellow crystals were obtained from extracts of z. marina through solvent extraction, followed by chromatography on ab-8 resin and crystallization. the nmr and hplc analysis showed that the isolated compoun ...201223201594
structure of aminodeoxychorismate synthase from stenotrophomonas maltophilia.pabb, aminodeoxychorismate synthase, is the chorismic acid binding component of the heterodimeric paba-pabb complex that converts chorismic acid to 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate, a precursor of p-aminobenzoate and folic acid in microorganisms. the second component, a glutamine amidotransferase subunit, paba, generates ammonia that is channeled to the pabb active site where it attacks c4 of a chorismate-derived intermediate that is covalently bound, through c2, to an active site lysine residue. the p ...201223230967
[isolation and degradation characteristics of pcb-degrading strain].a new pcb-degrading bacterial strain named ps-11 was isolated from soil contaminated with pcbs by enrichment culture. the strain was identified as stenotrophomonas maltophilia according to the results of the analyses of 16s rdna sequence. it was observed that the degradation rate of pcb52 by strain ps-11 was 31.1% after 4 days and 52.9% after 7 days in cultures containing 2 mg x l(-1) pcb52. the degradation rate was 10.9% for 2 mg x l(-1) refractory pcb153 after 7 days. in addition, the strain s ...201223233998
an inducible fusaric acid tripartite efflux pump contributes to the fusaric acid resistance in stenotrophomonas maltophilia.fusaric acid (5-butylpicolinic acid), a mycotoxin, is noxious to some microorganisms. stenotrophomonas maltophilia displays an intrinsic resistance to fusaric acid. this study aims to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the intrinsic fusaric acid resistance in s. maltophilia.201223236431
pathogenic analysis of sputum from ventilator-associated pneumonia in a pediatric intensive care unit.ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is a common and sometimes fatal complication in pediatric intensive care units (picu). the aim of our study was to characterize the distribution and drug susceptibility of the pathogens isolated from the sputum of patients with vap in the picu of our hospital and to provide support to the administration of antibiotics early and reasonably in the clinic. our study was conducted between january 2007 and december 2011 at the picu of the children's hospital of z ...201223251300
chronic recalcitrant bacterial infection in steroid modified interstitial (stromal) keratitis: presentation and management.to report histopathologically proven bacterial infection manifested multifocal interstitial (stromal) keratitis (ik) with definite previous history of prolong topical steroid use. standard managements of bacterial keratitis did not provoke enough benefit.201223252209
stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from a university hospital in japan: genomic variability and antibiotic resistance.the diversity within the genetic and antibiotic resistance profiles and the production of virulence-associated enzymic activities of 66 stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains collected from a university hospital in japan in 2005 were studied. pfge analysis of the collection indicated that a variety of profiles were present. mlst analysis of nine selected strains showed that four of the six sequence types identified were novel. these results indicated that there was a high degree of genetic diversi ...201323264453
baby bottle steam sterilizers disinfect home nebulizers inoculated with bacterial respiratory pathogens.background: contaminated nebulizers are a potential source of bacterial infection but no single method is universally accepted for disinfection. we hypothesized that baby-bottle steam sterilizers effectively disinfect home nebulizers. methods: home nebulizers were inoculated with the common cf respiratory pathogens methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, burkholderia cepacia, haemophilus influenzae, mucoid and non mucoid pseudomonas aeruginosa, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia. the nebulize ...201223267773
yersinia enterocolitica and photorhabdus asymbiotica β-lactamases blaa are exported by the twin-arginine translocation pathway.in general, β-lactamases of medically important gram-negative bacteria are sec-dependently translocated into the periplasm. in contrast, β-lactamases of mycobacteria spp. (blac, blas) and the gram-negative environmental bacteria stenotrophomonas maltophilia (l2) and xanthomonas campestris (bla(xcc-1)) have been reported to be secreted by the twin-arginine translocation (tat) system. yersinia enterocolitica carries 2 distinct β-lactamase genes (blaa and blab) encoding blaa(ye) and the ampc-like β ...201323276548
ampg is required for blaxc beta-lactamase expression in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris str. 17.the chromosomal ampr(xc) -bla(xc) module is essential for the β-lactam resistance of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. bla(xc) β-lactamase is expressed at a high basal level in the absence of an inducer and its expression can be further induced by β-lactam. in enterobacteria, ampg encodes an inner membrane facilitator involved in the recycling of murein degradation compounds. an isogenic ampg mutant (xcampg) of x. campestris pv. campestris str. 17 (xc17) was constructed to investigate the l ...201323278458
detection of extended spectrum β-lactamase in pseudomonas spp. isolated from two tertiary care hospitals in bangladesh.extended spectrum ß-lactamases (esbls) represent a major group of lactamases responsible for resistance, mostly produced by gram-negative bacteria, to newer generations of ß-lactam drugs currently being identified in large numbers worldwide. the present study was undertaken to see the frequency of esbl producing pseudomonas spp. isolated from six hundred clinical specimens (wound, pus, aural, urine, sputum, throat and other swabs) collected over a period of three years from two tertiary care hos ...201323289861
microbiological investigation of raphanus sativus l. grown hydroponically in nutrient solutions contaminated with spoilage and pathogenic bacteria.the survival of eight undesired (spoilage/pathogenic) food related bacteria (citrobacter freundii pss60, enterobacter spp. pss11, escherichia coli pss2, klebsiella oxytoca pss82, serratia grimesii pss72, pseudomonas putida pss21, stenotrophomonas maltophilia pss52 and listeria monocytogenes atcc 19114(t)) was investigated in mineral nutrient solution (mns) during the crop cycle of radishes (raphanus sativus l.) cultivated in hydroponics in a greenhouse. mnss were microbiologically analyzed weekl ...201223290244
chronic stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection and mortality or lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis patients.chronic stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection is an independent risk factor for severe pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. the goal of this study was to determine the effect of chronic s. maltophilia infection on mortality and the need for lung transplantation in a longitudinal study of children and adults with cf.201323294530
biofilm compared to conventional antimicrobial susceptibility of stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from cystic fibrosis patients.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant organism increasingly isolated from the lungs of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. one hundred twenty-five s. maltophilia isolates from 85 cf patients underwent planktonic and biofilm susceptibility testing against 9 different antibiotics, alone and in double antibiotic combinations. when s. maltophilia isolates were grown as a biofilm, 4 of the 10 most effective antibiotic combinations included high-dose levofloxacin and 7 of the 10 combination ...201323295930
molecular characterization and ultrastructure of a new amoeba endoparasite belonging to the stenotrophomonas maltophilia complex.naegleria and acanthamoeba spp. were recovered from biofilm of a flushing cistern in a lavatory and both were found to be infected by rod-shaped bacteria enclosed within a vacuole. these intracellular bacteria behave like parasites, causing lysis of host amoebae. the bacteria proved unculturable on bacteriological media, and but could be maintained as endocytobionts within acanthamoeba on agar plates. a marked differential host preference was observed in co-culture assays with various strains of ...201323298539
external auditory canal microbiology and hearing aid use.the aim of this study was to determine the presence and nature of bacterial flora on hearing aids and the ears of this population. we wonder if the microbiology of the ears with hearing aid wearing differs from the other ear.201323313122
emergence of imipenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in intestinal flora of intensive care patients.intestinal flora contains a reservoir of gram-negative bacilli (gnb) resistant to cephalosporins, which are potentially pathogenic for intensive care unit (icu) patients; this has led to increasing use of carbapenems. the emergence of carbapenem resistance is a major concern for icus. therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the intestinal carriage of imipenem-resistant gnb (ir-gnb) in intensive care patients. for 6 months, 523 consecutive icu patients were screened for rectal ir-gnb coloniz ...201323318796
antimicrobial susceptibility of stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from korea, and the activity of antimicrobial combinations against the isolates.the aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of recent clinical stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from korea, and to compare the activity levels of several combinations of antimicrobials. a total of 206 non-duplicate clinical isolates of s. maltophilia was collected in 2010 from 11 university hospitals. antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the clinical laboratory standards institute agar dilution method. in vitro activity of antimicrobial combinatio ...201323341713
changes in gram negative microorganisms' resistance pattern during 4 years period in a referral teaching hospital; a surveillance study. 201223351308
epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance among commonly encountered bacteria associated with infections and colonization in intensive care units in a university-affiliated hospital in shanghai.the aim of this study was to classify intensive care unit (icu) bacterial strains as either icu-acquired or icu-on-admission and to compare their epidemiological and antibiogram characteristics.201423357606
stenotrophomonas, mycobacterium, and streptomyces in home dust and air: associations with moldiness and other home/family characteristics.respiratory illnesses have been linked to children's exposures to water-damaged homes. therefore, understanding the microbiome in water-damaged homes is critical to preventing these illnesses. few studies have quantified bacterial contamination, especially specific species, in water-damaged homes. we collected air and dust samples in twenty-one low-mold homes and twenty-one high-mold homes. the concentrations of three bacteria/genera, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, streptomyces sp., and mycobacte ...201323397905
computed tomography features of stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia in patients with neutropenic fever: report of two cases.stenotrophomonas maltophilia (s. maltophilia) is a rare yet important global emerging nosocomial pathogen with multi-drug resistance. to the best of our knowledge, there is only one case report describing the computer tomography (ct) features of s. maltophilia pneumonia. in this article we will compare the features in the published case to those found in our patients. the importance of thoracic ct in febrile neutropenic patients will also be discussed.201323414606
chitinase a from stenotrophomonas maltophilia shows transglycosylation and antifungal activities.stenotrophomonas maltophilia chitinase (stmchia and stmchib) genes were cloned and expressed as soluble proteins of 70.5 and 41.6 kda in escherichia coli. ni-nta affinity purified stmchia and stmchib were optimally active at ph 5.0 and 7.0, respectively and exhibited broad range ph activity. stmchia and stmchib had an optimum temperature of 40°c and are stable up to 50 and 40°c, respectively. hydrolytic activity on chitooligosaccharides indicated that stmchia was an endo-acting enzyme releasing ...201323428818
distinct groups and antimicrobial resistance of clinical stenotrophomonas maltophilia complex isolates from korea.one hundred and twenty-one isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia complex were collected from seven korean hospitals. species and groups were identified using partial gyrb gene sequences and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a broth microdilution method. based on partial gyrb gene sequences, 118 isolates were identified as belonging to s. maltophilia complex, including s. maltophilia, s. pavanii, pseudomonas beteli, p. geniculata and p. hibisciola. the s. maltophilia iso ...201323429694
risk factors influencing mortality related to stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in hematology-oncology patients.stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection is of concern in patients with cancer. antibiotics active against s. maltophilia are rarely used in the treatment of febrile neutropenia, making it important to identify the factors influencing mortality in cancer patients with s. maltophilia infection. the objective of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer and hemopathic patients with s. maltophilia infection and assess the factors influencing the mortality. the micr ...201323430671
the role of wood-inhabiting bacteria in pine wilt disease.the pathogenicity of the pine wood nematode (pwn), bursaphelenchus xylophilus together with the bacteria isolated from black pine (pinus thunbergii) bark inoculated to axenic black pine seedlings, significantly exceeded that of the axenic pwns alone, demonstrating that the bacteria play an important role in pine wilt disease. inoculation of seedlings with bacteria-free culture filtrates of the seven isolates from the dead seedlings from the above experiment showed that all isolate filtrates kill ...201123430766
respiratory bacterial infections in cystic fibrosis.bacterial respiratory infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). pseudomonas aeruginosa remains the main pathogen in adults, but other gram-negative bacteria such as achromobacter xylosoxidans and stenotrophomonas maltophilia as well as nontuberculous mycobacteria have been shown to play an important role in the lung disease. the purpose of this review is to summarize the knowledge on disease and treatment of infection with cf-related pathogen ...201323449384
effects of agaricus lilaceps fairy rings on soil aggregation and microbial community structure in relation to growth stimulation of western wheatgrass (pascopyrum smithii) in eastern montana rangeland.stimulation of plant productivity caused by agaricus fairy rings has been reported, but little is known about the effects of these fungi on soil aggregation and the microbial community structure, particularly the communities that can bind soil particles. we studied three concentric zones of agaricus lilaceps fairy rings in eastern montana that stimulate western wheatgrass (pascopyrum smithii): outside the ring (out), inside the ring (in), and stimulated zone adjacent to the fungal fruiting bodie ...201323455430
screening of high α-arbutin producing strains and production of α-arbutin by fermentation.a mutant xanthomonas maltophilia bt-112 with high α-anomer-selective glycosylation activity was screened by a series of mutation methods including uv light, n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitroso-guanidine treatment and quick neutron mutation. the α-arbutin titer increased 15-folds compared with the parent strain. the optimal conditions for culture medium and the operational conditions for lab-scale fermenter were investigated. under optimized conditions, the maximal hydroquinone (hq) tolerance of cells and ...201323456857
identification and susceptibility to multipurpose disinfectant solutions of bacteria isolated from contact lens storage cases of patients with corneal infiltrative events.corneal infiltrative events (cies) are being reported with increasing frequency in lens wearers and may be related to specific multipurpose disinfecting solution (mpds), contact lens type or bacterial bio-burden. here, the efficacy of mpds's against bacteria from contact lens storage cases (clsc) of patients with cies was investigated. eighteen clsc from patients with cies were cultured. all reported using the same mpds based on pq-1+aldox+nonanoyl-edta prior to experiencing cies. bacteria were ...201323466175
factors influencing the early mortality in haematological malignancy patients with nosocomial gram negative bacilli bacteraemia: a retrospective analysis of 154 cases.the aim of this study is to assess the factors influencing the early mortality (7-day after index blood culture) in haematological malignancy patients with gram negative bacilli (gnb) bacteraemia.201323485438
[characteristic and ion exchanges during cu2+ and cd2+ biosorption by stenotrophomonas maltophilia].the characteristics of cu2+ and cd2+ biosorption by stenotrophomonas maltophilia (s. maltophilia) under different biomass, metal concentration and glutaraldehyde content were studied and the correlations among metal biosorption, no3- removal and ion release were analyzed. the mechanism was explored through ion biosorption, exchange, conversion and release. the experimental results demonstrated that s. maltophilia was an efficient strain to remove cu2+ and cd2+. the biosorption efficiencies of cu ...201323487942
potency and spectrum of activity of an3365, a novel boron-containing protein synthesis inhibitor, tested against clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli.an3365 (mic(50/90), 0.5/1 μg/ml) was active against enterobacteriaceae, including a subset of klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-producing k. pneumoniae strains (mic(50/90), 1/2 μg/ml). an3365 inhibited 98.0 and 92.2% of wild-type (mic(50/90), 2/8 μg/ml) and carbapenem-resistant (mic(50/90), 4/8 μg/ml) pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, respectively, at ≤ 8 μg/ml. an3365 also demonstrated activity against wild-type acinetobacter baumannii (mic(50/90), 2/8 μg/ml) and stenotrophomonas maltophi ...201323507283
in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of chlorogenic acid against clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia including the trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistant strain.the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of chlorogenic acid against clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia was investigated through disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc), time-kill and biofilm assays. a total of 9 clinical s. maltophilia isolates including one isolate resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx) were tested. the inhibition zone sizes for the isolates ranged from 17 to 29 mm, while the mic a ...201223509719
tigecycline activity tested against antimicrobial resistant surveillance subsets of clinical bacteria collected worldwide (2011).tigecycline was approved by the united states food and drug administration in 2005 and has generally retained activity against resistant gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. we monitored the in vitro activity of this glycylcycline in 2011 for continued potency worldwide. a total of 22,005 unique clinical isolates were consecutively collected in north america (na; 9232 isolates), europe (eu; 6776), latin america (la; 2016), and asia-pacific region (apac, 3981) and tested for susceptibility ...201323522845
molecular investigation of bacterial communities on the inner and outer surfaces of peripheral venous catheters.peripheral venous catheters (pvcs) are some of the most widely used medical devices in hospitals worldwide. pvc-related infections increase morbidity and treatment costs. the inner surfaces of pvcs are rarely examined for the population structure of bacteria, as it is generally believed that bacteria at this niche are similar to those on the external surface of pvcs. we primarily test this hypothesis and also study the effect of antibiotic treatment on bacterial communities from pvc surfaces. th ...201323529345
adhesive properties of predominant bacteria in raw cow's milk to bovine mammary gland epithelial cells.various bacteria have been found in raw cow's milk, and identifying milk microflora and its functions is critical for maintaining cow health and farm hygiene. although studies on pathogens and spoilage bacteria in milk have been widely reported, the relationship between milk bacteria, including nonpathogenic bacteria, and the bovine udder is poorly understood. we investigated milk microflora over 1 year using a culture-dependent method and culture-independent analysis by denaturing gradient gel ...201323532507
high activity catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain kb2 as a useful tool in cis,cis-muconic acid production.this is the first report of a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain kb2 with high activity against catechol and its methyl derivatives. this enzyme was maximally active at ph 8.0 and 40 °c and the half-life of the enzyme at this temperature was 3 h. kinetic studies showed that the value of k m and v max was 12.8 μm and 1,218.8 u/mg of protein, respectively. during our studies on kinetic properties of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase we observed substrate inhibition at >80 ...201323536173
multiple degradation pathways of phenanthrene by stenotrophomonas maltophilia c6.stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain c6, capable of utilizing phenanthrene as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from creosote-contaminated sites at hilo, hawaii. twenty-two metabolites of phenanthrene, covering from dihydrodiol to protocatechuic acid, were isolated and characterized. phenanthrene was degraded via an initial dioxygenation on 1,2-, 3,4-, and 9,10-c, where the 3,4-dioxygenation and subsequent metabolisms were most dominant. the metabolic pathways were further branched ...201323539472
bacterial strains isolated from pcb-contaminated sediments and their use for bioaugmentation strategy in microcosms.this study was focused on the characterization of 15 bacterial strains isolated from long-term pcb-contaminated sediment located at the strážsky canal in eastern part of slovakia, in the surroundings of a former pcb producer. pcb-degrading strains were isolated and identified as microbacterium oleivorans, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, brevibacterium sp., ochrobactrum anthropi, pseudomonas mandelii, rhodococcus sp., achromobacter xylosoxidans, stenotrophomonas sp., ochrobactrum sp., pseudomonas a ...201423553615
antibacterial and cytotoxic efficacy of extracellular silver nanoparticles biofabricated from chromium reducing novel os4 strain of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.biofabricated metal nanoparticles are generally biocompatible, inexpensive, and ecofriendly, therefore, are used preferably in industries, medical and material science research. considering the importance of biofabricated materials, we isolated, characterized and identified a novel bacterial strain os4 of stenotrophomonas maltophilia (genbank: jn247637.1). at neutral ph, this gram negative bacterial strain significantly reduced hexavalent chromium, an important heavy metal contaminant found in t ...201323555625
[bacterial isolates from respiratory samples of pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis and their distribution by ages].the bacterial isolates from respiratory samples of 50 pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis, their distribution by ages and antimicrobial resistance pattern as well as the intermittence of isolations and coinfections, were investigated. staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 72 % of patients, followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa (58 %), haemophilus. influenzae (56 %), and the burkholderia cepacia complex (12 %). the frequency of resistance of p. aeruginosa isolates to β-lactam antibiotics was low ...201323560788
epidemiology of bacteremia caused by uncommon non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria.prevalence of bacteremia caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria (nfgnb) has been increasing over the past decade. although many studies have already investigated epidemiology of nfgnb bacteremia, most focused only on common nfgnb including pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) and acinetobacter baumannii (ab). knowledge of uncommon nfgnb bacteremia is very limited. our study aimed to investigate epidemiology and identify factors associated with uncommon nfgnb bacteremia.201323566113
antimicrobial activity and clinical effectiveness of sisomicin: an evaluation of the literature (1995-2011).the authors sought to evaluate whether sisomicin has a place in the current therapeutic armamentarium. pubmed and scopus databases were systematically searched. ten cohort studies and 11 case reports and case series were included evaluating, in total, 383 gram-positive and 83 gram-negative isolates. sisomicin was active in vitro against 41% of enterococcus spp., 97% of staphylococcus spp. and was the most active in vitro (74%) aminoglycoside against stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates in one s ...201323566151
[lower respiratory tract infections related to stenotrophomonas maltophilia and acinetobacter baumannii].stenotrophomonas maltophilia and acinetobacter baumannii are both non-fermenting ubiquitous gram-negative bacilli. the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections related to these microorganisms is increasing, especially in intensive care units. their capacity to acquire resistance against several antimicrobials is challenging for clinicians and microbiologists. despite their low virulence, these pathogens are responsible for colonization and infection in patients with comorbidities, immunos ...201323583504
draft genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain epm1, found in association with a culture of the human parasite giardia duodenalis.we report the draft genome sequence of the stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain epm1, found in association with a culture of giardia duodenalis. the draft genome sequence of s. maltophilia strain epm1, obtained with roche 454 gs-flx titanium technology, is composed of 19 contigs totaling 4,785,869 bp, with a g+c content of 66.37%.201323599297
mutualistic growth of the sulfate-reducer desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough with different carbohydrates.desulfovibrio vulgaris hildenborough genome presents a phosphotransferase system putatively involved in the transport of carbohydrates. however, utilization of sugars by this sulfate-reducing bacterium has never been reported. herein, we have observed proliferation of d. vulgaris hildenborough with some carbohydrates, in mutualism with stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a non-fermentative, gram-negative gammaproteobacterium, or microbacterium, a gram-positive actinobacterium. these results suggest th ...201223610921
clinical characteristics of stenotrophomonas maltophilia meningitis in adults: a high incidence in patients with a postneurosurgical state, long hospital staying and antibiotic use.stenotrophomonas (s.) maltophilia is an uncommon pathogen of adult bacterial meningitis (abm).201323611735
stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis following cataract surgery: clinical and microbiological results.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative organism known to cause opportunistic infections. it is a rare source of endophthalmitis, often in the setting of trauma, but has been reported following cataract extraction. the purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial sensitivities, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes in patients with endophthalmitis caused by s. maltophilia following cataract extraction.201323620659
role of the pcm-tolcsm operon in the multidrug resistance of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.to elucidate the role of the pcm-tolcsm operon in the multidrug resistance of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.201323629016
effects of pathology dyes on raman bone spectra.we report an overlooked source of artifacts for clinical specimens, where unexpected and normally negligible contaminants can skew the interpretation of results. during an ongoing study of bone fragments from diabetic osteomyelitis, strong raman signatures were found, which did not correspond with normal bone mineral or matrix. in a bone biopsy from the calcaneus of a patient affected by diabetic osteomyelitis, raman microspectroscopic analysis revealed regions with both abnormal mineral and deg ...201323640079
genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain au12-09, isolated from an intravascular catheter.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that is characterized by its high-level intrinsic resistance to a variety of antibiotics and its ability to form biofilms. here, we report the draft genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia au12-09, isolated from an intravascular catheter tip.201323640378
non healing legs ulcers infected with stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia (s.m.) is a gram-negative bacillus, naturally resistant to cephalosporins and carbapenems, which can colonize different sites and may be responsible for serious infections for which treatment is a real challenge. this was rarely reported as cutaneous pathogenic organism causing cellulitis-like lesions, paronychia, mucocutaneous ulcers and ecthyma gangrenosum in immunocompromised individuals. we report a case of non-healing legs ulcer infected with stenotrophomonas ma ...201323648767
[multiresistant gram-negative bacterial infections: enterobacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli].multiresistant gram-negative bacteria represent a major health problem worldwide. this is related to the severity of the infections they cause, the difficulties for empiric (even directed) treatment, the ease of multiresistance spread, and the absence of new antimicrobial agents active against this group of pathogens. accordingly, antimicrobial therapy should be based on the results of susceptibility testing, and may require using antimicrobial combinations. the production of extended-spectrum b ...201323684390
production of 10-hydroxy-12,15(z,z)-octadecadienoic acid from α-linolenic acid by permeabilized cells of recombinant escherichia coli expressing the oleate hydratase gene of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.recombinant escherichia coli, expressing the oleate hydratase gene of stenotrophomonas maltophilia, was permeabilized by sequential treatments with 0.125 m nacl and 2 mm edta. the optimal conditions for the production of 10-hydroxy-12,15(z,z)-octadecadienoic acid from α-linolenic acid by permeabilized cells were 35 °c and ph 7.0 with 0.1 % (v/v) tween 40, 50 g permeabilized cells l(-1), and 17.5 g α-linolenic acid l(-1). under these conditions, permeabilized cells produced 14.3 g 10-hydroxy-12,1 ...201323690042
activity of mk-7655 combined with imipenem against enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa.mk-7655 is a novel inhibitor of class a and c β-lactamases. we investigated its potential to protect imipenem.201323696619
development of a quantitative immunofluorescence assay for detection of stenotrophomonas maltophilia antibodies in patients with cystic fibrosis.to describe a simple quantitative immunofluorescence assay (ifa) for the detection of specific stenotrophomonas maltophilia antibodies in serum of cf patients.201323706828
biodegradation of wool waste and keratinase production in scale-up fermenter with different strategies by stenotrophomonas maltophilia bbe11-1.a keratin-degrading strain stenotrophomonas maltophilia bbe11-1 was grown in a 3-l batch fermenter containing wool waste as the main medium and cell growth rate was determined as the key factor to affect keratinase yield. three strategies of temperature-shift procedure, two-stage do control and fed-batch process were used to change growth rate. and a 62.2% improvement of keratinase yield was achieved. with the glucose fed-batch procedure in 30-l fermenter, keratinase production was significantly ...201323708787
evaluation of colistin susceptibility in multidrug-resistant clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis, france.the emergence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) bacteria in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients has led to the use of colistin drug and the emergence of colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria. the aim of this study was to compare the disk diffusion and etest methods for colistin susceptibility testing on mdr bacteria associated with cf from marseille, france. forty-nine mdr clinical isolates (27 stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 22 achromobacter xylosoxidans) were used in this study. disk diffusion and etes ...201323719852
[methods for extraction of exopolymeric complex in plankton and biofilm growth mode of stenotrophomonas maltophilia 22m].the optimal methods for the extraction of exopolymeric complex (eps) of stenotrophomonas maltophilia 22m was determined. that eps was synthesized in plankton and biofilm growth mode on the mild steel surface. it is desirable to use different physical and chemical methods for studying the eps composition (carbohydrates and proteins) depending on the bacteria growth mode. in this way the interaction with ion exchange resin was the most effective for plankton growth mode to determine the maximum am ...201323720963
feeding strategies for the enhanced production of α-arbutin in the fed-batch fermentation of xanthomonas maltophilia bt-112.to develop a cost-effective method for the enhanced production of α-arbutin using xanthomonas maltophilia bt-112 as a biocatalyst, different fed-batch strategies such as constant feed rate fed-batch, constant hydroquinone (hq) concentration fed-batch, exponential fed-batch and do-control pulse fed-batch (dpfb) on α-arbutin production were investigated. the research results indicated that dpfb was an effective method for α-arbutin production. when fermentation with do-control pulse feeding strate ...201423722821
characterization of three antifungal calcite-forming bacteria, arthrobacter nicotianae knuc2100, bacillus thuringiensis knuc2103, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia knuc2106, derived from the korean islands, dokdo and their application on mortar.crack remediation on the surface of cement mortar using microbiological calcium carbonate (caco3) precipitation (micp) has been investigated as a microbial sealing agent on construction materials. however, micp research has never acknowledged the antifungal properties of calcite-forming bacteria (cfb). since fungal colonization on concrete surfaces can trigger biodeterioration processes, fungi on concrete buildings have to be prevented. therefore, to develop a microbial sealing agent that has an ...201323727794
purification and identification of trichloroethylene induced proteins from stenotrophomonas maltophilia pm102 by immuno-affinity-chromatography and maldi-tof mass spectrometry.a novel bacterial isolate capable of growth on trichloroethylene as the sole carbon source was identified as stenotrophomonas maltophilia pm102 by 16s rdna sequencing (genbank acc.no. jq797560). serum was obtained from a rabbit immunized with the total protein extracted from the pm102 isolate grown in 0.2% tce with 0.2% peptone. antibodies to the common antigens were removed by preadsorbing the serum antibody on total protein extracted from the pm102 strain grown in 0.2% peptone. western blot wi ...201323741645
simple, time saving pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocol for the typing of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.we developed a time-saving and cost-efficient pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) method for the typing of stenotrophomonas maltophilia by modifying the conventional procedures. our modifications related to the cell suspension preparation, lysis of bacterial cells in plugs, washing steps, and consumption of restriction enzyme. although few rapid pfge protocols on gram-negative bacteria are available, the use of comparatively large amounts of costly reagents prompted us to look for other alte ...201323756145
factors influencing the acquisition of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in cystic fibrosis patients.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is one of the most common multi-drug resistant organisms causing pulmonary infections in cf patients. it is unknown whether s. maltophilia infection follows the same pattern and shares similar risk factors for acquisition as described for pseudomonas aeruginosa.201323757360
stenotrophomonas maltophilia encodes a type ii protein secretion system that promotes detrimental effects on lung epithelial cells.the gram-negative bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasingly identified as a multidrug-resistant pathogen, being associated with pneumonia, among other infections. despite this increasing clinical problem, the genetic and molecular basis of s. maltophilia virulence is quite minimally defined. we now report that strain k279a, the first clinical isolate of s. maltophilia to be sequenced, encodes a functional type ii protein secretion (t2s) system. indeed, mutants of k279a that contain ...201323774603
modification of surface and enzymatic properties of achromobacter denitrificans and stenotrophomonas maltophilia in association with diesel oil biodegradation enhanced with alkyl polyglucosides.the article concerns the influence of selected alkyl polyglucosides on biodegradation, cell surface and enzymatic properties of stenotrophomonas maltophilia and achromobacter denitrificans. the biodegradation of diesel oil depends on several factors including type and the amount of surfactant as well as bacterial genera used in the process. nevertheless, a careful selection of these variables must be made as some bacterial strains prefer to use surfactants as their carbon source. this leads to t ...201323777790
a specific polymerase chain reaction method to identify stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen that is difficult to identify unequivocally using current methods. accordingly, because the presence of this microorganism in a patient may directly determine the antimicrobial treatment, conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and real-time pcr assays targeting 23s rrna were developed for the specific identification of s. maltophilia. the pcr protocol showed high specificity when tested against other species of steno ...201323778655
isolation and characterization of alkane degrading bacteria from petroleum reservoir waste water in iran (kerman and tehran provenances).petroleum products spill and leakage have become two major environmental challenges in iran. sampling was performed in the petroleum reservoir waste water of tehran and kerman provinces of iran. alkane degrading bacteria were isolated by enrichment in a bushnel-hass medium, with hexadecane as sole source of carbon and energy. the isolated strains were identified by amplification of 16s rdna gene and sequencing. specific primers were used for identification of alkane hydroxylase gene. fifteen alk ...201323790464
characterization of a major facilitator superfamily (mfs) tripartite efflux pump emrcabsm from stenotrophomonas maltophilia.to characterize the emrrcabsm operon of stenotrophomonas maltophilia.201323794602
stenotrophomonas infection in a patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.the drug of choice for treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia is sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and second-line therapy usually consists of a fluoroquinolone. however, in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, neither sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim nor a fluoroquinolone is a preferred option as it may result in hemolysis. currently, there is a paucity of data regarding treatment of s maltophilia infection in these patients. this case report presents a patient who was succe ...201323798908
molecular characterization of 2-chlorobiphenyl degrading stenotrophomonas maltophilia gs-103.the catabolic potential of transformer oil contaminated soil bacteria in aerobic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) were assessed. transformer oil contaminated soil sample was subjected to microcosm enrichment experiments (pas medium/biphenyl as sole carbon source). pcb-degrading activity of the enrichment cultures in pas medium with the addition of 2-chlorobiphenyl were analysed by gc-ms indicated that, although the isolates differed in pcb-degrading capabilities, all of the enrichm ...201323801320
[biological characteristics of phage sm1 for stenotrophomonas maltophilia and its effect in animal infection model].to investigate the biological characteristics of phage sm1 for stenotrophomonas maltophilia (sm) and its effect in animal infection model.201323801623
induced sputum compared to bronchoalveolar lavage in young, non-expectorating cystic fibrosis children.induced sputum (is) is feasible and safe in young cf children and is a readily accessible, non-invasive technique. however, it has not been compared to bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), the gold standard for diagnosing lower airway infection.201423806622
[the experience of applying techniques of molecular genetics in identification of clinical strains pseudomonas aeruginosa].the article presents comparative analysis of application of common bacteriologic and molecular techniques to identify p. aerugenosa. the genetic detection was applied using polymerase chain reaction with genus-specific and species-specific primers and amplification of conservative sites of gens 16s prna with successive identification of bacteria by sequenation. it is established that 95% (151) of strains correspond to species of p. aerugenosa detected in primary bacteriologic laboratories and on ...201323808024
an 8-year survey of strains identified in blood cultures in a clinical haematology unit.the aim of our study was to determine the epidemiological profile and the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria and fungi identified from blood cultures in the patients of the clinical haematology unit. a retrospective study was carried out over an 8-year period (2003-2010) in the clinical haematology unit of the percy military medical center. during this period, we collected 723 isolates: gram-negative bacilli (70.8%) and gram-positive cocci (18.7%). the four most commonly isolated species were ...201423826912
characterization of maltocin p28, a novel phage tail-like bacteriocin from stenotrophomonas maltophilia.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important global opportunistic pathogen for which limited therapeutics are available because of the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. a novel bacteriocin, maltocin p28, which is produced by s. maltophilia strain p28, may be the first identified phage tail-like bacteriocin from s. maltophilia. maltocin p28 resembles a contractile but nonflexible phage tail structure based on electron microscopy, and it is sensitive to trypsin, proteinase k, and heat. sds ...201323835182
abundance of the quorum-sensing factor ax21 in four strains of stenotrophomonas maltophilia correlates with mortality rate in a new zebrafish model of infection.stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative pathogen with emerging nosocomial incidence. little is known about its pathogenesis and the genomic diversity exhibited by clinical isolates complicates the study of pathogenicity and virulence factors. here, we present a strategy to identify such factors in new clinical isolates of s. maltophilia, incorporating an adult-zebrafish model of s. maltophilia infection to evaluate relative virulence coupled to 2d difference gel electrophoresis to explor ...201323840626
cis-9-octadecenoic acid from the rhizospheric bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia bj01 shows quorum quenching and anti-biofilm activities.quorum quenching (qq) is an effective approach for the prevention of bacterial infections involving biofilms. this study reports the qq and anti-biofilm activities of a rhizospheric bacterium identified as stenotrophomonas maltophilia bj01. the qq activity was demonstrated using chromobacterium violaceum cv026 as a biosensor. a maximum of 95% reduction in violacein production, a quorum sensing-regulated behavior, was observed. gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy of the extract showed that the a ...201323844805
degradation of multiwall carbon nanotubes by bacteria.understanding the environmental transformation of multiwall carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) is important to their life cycle assessment and potential environmental impacts. we report that a bacterial community is capable of degrading (14)c-labeled mwcnts into (14)co2 in the presence of an external carbon source via co-metabolism. multiple intermediate products were detected, and genotypic characterization revealed three possible microbial degraders: burkholderia kururiensis, delftia acidovorans, and s ...201323859846
neonatal listeriosis followed by nosocomial infection.neonatal listeriosis is widely reported, but this is the first case reported in serbia. a newborn developed respiratory distress syndrome 2 hours after delivery and was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. initial empirical therapy was inappropriate. consequently, on the second day, the patient developed meningitis. listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the tracheal aspirate, blood, periumbilical swab, and cerebrospinal fluid. after bacteriology results, the therapy was changed to am ...201423867680
the dsf quorum sensing system controls the positive influence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia on plants.the interaction of the gram-negative bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia with eukaryotes can improve overall plant growth and health, but can also cause opportunistic infections in humans. while the quorum sensing molecule dsf (diffusible signal factor) is responsible for the regulation of phenotypes in pathogenic stenotrophomonas, up until now, no beneficial effects were reported to be controlled by it. our objective was to study the function of dsf in the plant growth promoting model strain ...201323874407
persistent organic pollutants induced protein expression and immunocrossreactivity by stenotrophomonas maltophilia pm102: a prospective bioremediating candidate.a novel bacterium capable of growth on trichloroethylene as the sole carbon source was identified as stenotrophomonas maltophilia pm102 by 16s rdna sequencing (accession number of ncbi genbank: jq797560). in this paper, we report the growth pattern, tce degradation, and total proteome of this bacterium in presence of various other carbon sources: toluene, phenol, glucose, chloroform, and benzene. tce degradation was comparatively enhanced in presence of benzene. densitometric analysis of the int ...201323878815
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