Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| field efficacy of an attenuated infectious bronchitis variant 2 virus vaccine in commercial broiler chickens. | egyptian poultry suffer from frequent respiratory disease outbreaks associated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variant 2 strains (egy/varii). different vaccination programs using imported vaccines have failed to protect the flocks from field challenge. recent studies confirmed a successful protection using homologous strains as live attenuated vaccines. in this study, a newly developed live attenuated ib-var2 vaccine representing the gi-23 middle east ibv lineage was evaluated in day-old ... | 2018 | 29747397 |
| differential innate immune responses induced by classical and variant infectious bronchitis viruses in specific pathogen free chicks. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) continues to cause serious economic losses in global chicken production. concurrent circulation of both classic and variant ibvs have been identified in most parts of the world, raising major challenges to global prevention and control efforts. therefore, immunopathogenesis, particularly early host responses, needs to be better understood for effective control of diseases caused by different strains of ibvs. we investigated differing immunopathogenesis in ... | 2018 | 29751011 |
| preparation and protective efficacy of a chicken embryo kidney cell-attenuation gi-19/qx-like avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease, and hazardous to the poultry industry. immune failure often occurs due to the emergence of new serotypes or field strains antigenically different from the vaccine strains. to prepare a candidate vaccine against the prevalent avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in china, the gi-19/qx-like field isolate sczy3 was selected as the progenitor strain and attenuated via passaging in chicken embryo kidney (cek) cells for 100 times. the ... | 2018 | 29859801 |
| rapid development and evaluation of a live-attenuated qx-like infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute, highly contagious disease, which causes economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. to control the disease, biosecurity and vaccination are required. in the current research, we rapidly attenuated a qx-like ibv field strain zyy-2014 using passage in embryos at limiting dilution and tested the safety and efficacy of the attenuated chinese qx-like ibv strain zyyr-2014 in 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens through spray route. our result r ... | 2018 | 29891352 |
| metagenomic of clinically diseased and healthy broiler affected with respiratory disease complex. | in recent past, the respiratory infection has emerged as a great challenge to the poultry farmers. various pathogens including avian pneumovirus (apv), avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv), avibacterium paragallinarum, ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort), mycoplasma synoviae (ms), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec) are involved in the respiratory disease complex in birds [1], [2] (bradbury, 1984 ... | 2018 | 29892620 |
| the adrp domain from a virulent strain of infectious bronchitis virus is not sufficient to confer a pathogenic phenotype to the attenuated beaudette strain. | the replicase gene of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) encodes 15 non-structural proteins (nsps). nsp 3 is a multi-functional protein containing a conserved adp-ribose-1″-phosphatase (adrp) domain. the crystal structures of the domain from two strains of ibv, m41 (virulent) and beaudette (avirulent), identified a key difference; m41 contains a conserved triple-glycine motif, whilst beaudette contains a glycine-to-serine mutation that is predicted to abolish adrp activity. althou ... | 2018 | 29893665 |
| infectious bronchitis virus gel vaccination: evaluation of mass-like (b-48) and 793/b-like (1/96) vaccine kinetics after combined administration at 1 day of age. | infectious bronchitis (ib) control has a strong impact on poultry farming, because of the necessary epidemiological knowledge for planning the best strategy, the optimal strain association, the priming and boosting interventions. broiler farming is even more problematic given the short and intense productive cycle, which requires an early onset of protection against most of the infectious threats, possibly with limited respiratory post-vaccination reactions that would have a direct impact on the ... | 2018 | 29897603 |
| molecular characteristic and pathogenicity analysis of a virulent recombinant avain infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china. | a virulent infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), designated as ck/ch/gd/qy16 (referred as qy16), was isolated from a diseased chicken farm in guangdong province, china, in 2016. the complete genome of the strain was sequenced and analyzed. the results show that the genome of qy16 consists of 27,670 nucleotides, excluding poly (a) tail, and that its genome organization is 5' utr-1a-1b-s-3a-3b-e-m-4b-4c-5a-5b-n-6b-3' utr-poly (a) tail. sequence comparison among qy16 and other ibv strains was conducte ... | 2018 | 29917155 |
| in vitro phagocytosis of opsonized latex beads by hd11 cells as a method to assess the general opsonization potential of chicken serum. | opsonins, an important arm of the innate immune system, are various soluble proteins, which play a critical role in destruction of invading pathogens directly or via engulfment of pathogens through the intermediate of phagocytosis. the diversity of opsonin profiles is under genetic influence and may be associated with variation in disease resistance. the aim of this study was to set up an assay to determine serum opsonophagocytic potential (opp) for chicken sera by flow cytometry and to evaluate ... | 2018 | 29920114 |
| seroprevalence and genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus detected from iranian unvaccinated backyard chickens. | different epidemiological studies have found that backyard chickens are a reservoir for poultry diseases. most backyard chicken flocks have a poor level of biosecurity, which increases the risk of spread of diseases. in recent years, the number of backyard chickens has been on the rise in iran. however, the health status of backyard flocks is still poorly documented. thus, this study aimed at examining the seroprevalence of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and molecular surve ... | 2018 | 29922421 |
| viral interference between low pathogenic avian influenza h9n2 and avian infectious bronchitis viruses in vitro and in ovo. | low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) h9n2 and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are important pathogens of poultry, causing important economic losses for the sector. replication interference between these two viruses was described using cell cultures (cc) and embryonated chicken eggs (ece). chicken embryo lung (cel) and ece were simultaneously or sequentially infected with ibv vaccine strain (h120) and lpaiv-h9n2 (a/ck/tun/145/2012) to evaluate viral interactionsin vitro and in ovo, respectivel ... | 2018 | 29940196 |
| using multinomial and space-time permutation models to understand the epidemiology of infectious bronchitis in california between 2008 and 2012. | although infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been described as one of the most economically important viral respiratory diseases in poultry, there are few analyses of outbreaks that use spatial statistics. in order to better understand how the different genotypes of ibv behave spatially and temporally, we used geographic information system-based mapping coupled with spatial and spatial-temporal statistics to identify statistically significant clustering of multiple strains of infectious bronch ... | 2018 | 29944405 |
| identification of novel linear epitopes located in the infectious bronchitis virus spike s2 region. | we identified novel linear epitopes on the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike s2 region. the conformational structure of the ibv spike protein was predicted from a homologous protein, human coronavirus nl63 spike. although the obtained structure was incomplete, most of the ibv spike protein structure was predicted; the n-terminus of the s1 region could not be predicted due to its variability. in the model, the region located in the proximity of the fusion peptide appeared to be well conserv ... | 2018 | 29944406 |
| effects of dietary yeast nucleotides supplementation on intestinal barrier function, intestinal microbiota, and humoral immunity in specific pathogen-free chickens. | yeast nucleotides are a fine functional additive in human and animals. the effects of dietary yeast nucleotides supplementation on intestinal development, expression of intestinal barrier-related genes, intestinal microbiota, and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antibody titer of specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens were investigated. a total of 60 1-d-old chickens were divided into 4 groups, each of which included 3 replicates of 5 chickens. group 1 served as a control that was fed a basal di ... | 2018 | 29945221 |
| protection against virulent infectious bronchitis virus challenge conferred by a recombinant baculovirus co-expressing s1 and n proteins. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis, which results in considerable economic losses. it is imperative to develop safe and efficient candidate vaccines to control ibv infection. in the current study, recombinant baculoviruses co-expressing the s1 and n proteins and mono-expressing s1 or n proteins of the gx-yl5 strain of ibv were constructed and prepared into subunit vaccines rhbm-s1-n, rhbm-s1 and rhbm-n. the levels of immune protection of these ... | 2018 | 29954092 |
| production of recombinant n protein of infectious bronchitis virus using the baculovirus expression system and its assessment as a diagnostic antigen. | the avian coronavirus-infectious bronchitis virus (avcov-ibv) is recognized as an important avian pathogen, and new viral variants are a continuous threat to the poultry industry worldwide. sensitive diagnostics and efficacious vaccines are necessary to combat ibv infections in chickens. the aim of this study was to produce recombinant n protein of ibv in the baculovirus system to use in elisa diagnostic tests in order to enable the assessment of the sero-prevalence and risk of ibv infections in ... | 2019 | 29987628 |
| the s2 subunit of infectious bronchitis virus beaudette is a determinant of cellular tropism. | the spike (s) glycoprotein of the avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is comprised of two subunits (s1 and s2), has a role in virulence in vivo, and is responsible for cellular tropism in vitro we have previously demonstrated that replacement of the s glycoprotein ectodomain from the avirulent beaudette strain of ibv with the corresponding region from the virulent m41-ck strain resulted in a recombinant virus, beaur-m41(s), with the in vitro cell tropism of m41-ck. the ibv b ... | 2018 | 30021894 |
| immune protection conferred by three commonly used commercial live attenuated vaccines against the prevalent local strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in southern china. | live attenuated vaccines are critical in the control of avian infectious bronchitis. it is necessary to know the protection conferred by commonly used commercial live vaccines. in this study, specific pathogen-free chicks were vaccinated with the commercial live vaccines h120, 4/91 and ldt3-a. blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for the detection of ibv-specific antibodies and quantification of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes. at 21 days post-inoculation the vaccinated birds were challe ... | 2018 | 30022779 |
| deletion of accessory genes 3a, 3b, 5a or 5b from avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus induces an attenuated phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infects domestic fowl, resulting in respiratory disease and causing serious losses in unprotected birds. its control is mainly achieved by using live attenuated vaccines. here we explored the possibilities for rationally attenuating ibv to improve our knowledge regarding the function of ibv accessory proteins and for the development of next-generation vaccines with the recently established reverse genetic system for ibv h52 based on targeted rn ... | 2018 | 30067172 |
| safety and efficacy of attenuated classic and variant 2 infectious bronchitis virus candidate vaccines. | vaccination programs against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in egypt depend on both classical and/or imported variant ibv strain vaccines. however, many ibv outbreaks associated with respiratory distress, nephropathy, and high mortalities were attributed to the circulation of both classical and new nephropathogenic ibv variant 2 strains. in the present study, we report the development of attenuated ibv candidate vaccines using the classic ibv strains (ibm41 and ib2) and a nephropathogenic str ... | 2018 | 30085298 |
| a recombinant newcastle disease virus (ndv) expressing s protein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) protects chickens against ibv and ndv. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a highly contagious respiratory, reproductive and urogenital tract disease in chickens worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for the poultry industry. currently, live-attenuated ibv vaccines are used to control the disease. however, safety, attenuation and immunization outcomes of current vaccines are not guaranteed. several studies indicate that attenuated ibv vaccine strains contribute to the emergence of variant viruses in the field due t ... | 2018 | 30097608 |
| molecular characterization of whole genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus 624i genotype confirms the close relationship with q1 genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotype q1 was detected for the first time in china in 1996, and then spread worldwide. the first report of q1 genotype in italy occurred in 2011 and a deep molecular investigation of a q1 isolated in italy in 2013 has led to speculation regarding the origin of this genotype. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 sequence of a q1 italian strain revealed a close relationship with sequences of the 624i strains circulating in italy in the early 1990s and this led to the ... | 2019 | 30126059 |
| shell-less egg syndrome (ses) widespread in western canadian layer operations is linked to a massachusetts (mass) type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolate. | a disease with a sudden drop in egg production and shell-less eggs called, shell-less egg syndrome (ses) has been observed in western canada egg layer flocks since 2010. the etiology of this disease is not known. we hypothesize that ses is caused by an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain since it is known that ibv replicates in the shell gland causing various eggshell abnormalities. in this study, we screened egg layer flocks, in the provinces of alberta (ab) and saskatchewan (sk), with and ... | 2018 | 30126175 |
| otitis and meningoencephalitis associated with infectious coryza ( avibacterium paragallinarum) in commercial broiler chickens. | infectious coryza, caused by avibacterium paragallinarum, is an acute respiratory disease of poultry that can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. in march 2017, the turlock branch of the california animal health and food safety laboratory system encountered an unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of infectious coryza in 6 live, 29-d-old, commercial broiler chickens that were submitted for diagnostic investigation. antemortem evaluation revealed severe neurolo ... | 2018 | 30129392 |
| enhanced pathogenicity of low-pathogenic h9n2 avian influenza virus after vaccination with infectious bronchitis live attenuated vaccine. | in the present study, two experiments were carried out for studying the pathogenicity of h9n2 avian influenza virus (aiv) in broiler chickens after vaccination with different live respiratory viral vaccines. | 2018 | 30147269 |
| s1 gene sequence analysis of new variant isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus in tunisia. | tissue samples were collected from suspected broiler flocks showing respiratory signs to identify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), characterize emerging field strains, and study their relationships with the massachusetts h120 strain, the only ib vaccine used in tunisia. | 2012 | 30155432 |
| serological and molecular surveillance of infectious bronchitis virus infection in free-range chickens and guinea fowls in the ga-east district of ghana. | infectious bronchitis is an economically important disease with worldwide distribution. information is available on the presence of infectious bronchitis virus in commercial chicken in parts of ghana but there is no information on free-range poultry and guinea fowls in the country. possible ibv infections among free-range chickens and guinea fowls in abokobi and frafraha communities in the ga-east district of the greater accra region of ghana were investigated using serology and pcr. blood, trac ... | 2018 | 30159336 |
| complete genome analysis of iranian is-1494 like avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain is-1494 like (variant-2; gi-23) was first isolated in the middle east (1998). despite intensive vaccinations, is-1494 like ibvs are still circulating in iran (the dominant genotype) and spread to other countries. here, the full-length genome of this iranian is-1494 like ibv was (mahed) determined to understand its evolutionary relationships. the genome consists of 27,652 nucleotides, with mutations in most of the structural genes. thi ... | 2018 | 30159377 |
| comparative pathogenicity of malaysian qx-like and variant infectious bronchitis virus strains in chickens at different age of exposure to the viruses. | infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) circulating in malaysia are classified into two groups as malaysian qx-like and variant strains. in this study, the pathogenicity of ibs130/2015 (qx-like) and ibs037a/2014 (variant) ibvs in 1-day-old and 30-day-old specific pathogen free (spf) chickens was characterized. both strains caused respiratory and kidney infections based on immunohistochemistry (ihc), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) and a ciliostasis study; however, the result ... | 2018 | 30173857 |
| chiral zirconium quantum dots: a new class of nanocrystals for optical detection of coronavirus. | a synthetic way of chiral zirconium quantum dots (zr qds) was presented for the first time using l(+)-ascorbic acid acts as a surface as well as chiral ligands. different spectroscopic and microscopic analysis was performed for thorough characterization of zr qds. as-synthesized qds exhibited fluorescence and circular dichroism properties, and the peaks were located at 412 nm and 352 nm, respectively. mtt assay was performed to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized zr qds against rat brain gl ... | 2018 | 30186985 |
| biological and molecular characterization of arkga: a novel arkansas serotype vaccine that is highly attenuated, efficacious, and protective against homologous challenge. | almost all commercial poultry are vaccinated against avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) using live attenuated vaccines mass administered by spray at day of hatch. although many different types of ibv vaccines are used successfully, the arkdpi serotype vaccine, when applied by spray, does not infect and replicate sufficiently to provide protection against homologous challenge. in this study, we examined a different ark vaccine strain (ark99), which is no longer used commercially ... | 2018 | 30197283 |
| infectious bronchitis virus nonstructural protein 4 alone induces membrane pairing. | positive-strand rna viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral rna synthesis. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a pathogenic avian gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global poultry industry, has been shown to induce the formation of double membrane vesicles (dmvs), zippered endoplasmic reticulum (zer) and tethered vesicles, known as spherules. these membrane rearrangements ... | 2018 | 30200673 |
| oral immunization with a novel attenuated salmonella gallinarum encoding infectious bronchitis virus spike protein induces protective immune responses against fowl typhoid and infectious bronchitis in chickens. | fowl typhoid (ft), a septicemic disease caused by salmonella gallinarum (sg), and infectious bronchitis (ib) are two economically important avian diseases that affect poultry industry worldwide. herein, we exploited a live attenuated sg mutant, jol967, to deliver spike (s) protein 1 of ib virus (v) to elicit protective immunity against both ft and ib in chickens. the codon optimized s1 nucleotide sequence was cloned in-frame into a prokaryotic constitutive expression vector, pjhl65. subsequently ... | 2018 | 30208963 |
| recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing chimeric spike glycoproteins induce partial protective immunity against homologous challenge despite limited replication in vivo. | vaccination regimes against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which are based on a single virus serotype, often induce insufficient levels of cross-protection against serotypes and two or more antigenically diverse vaccines are used in attempt to provide broader protection. amino acid differences in the surface protein, spike (s), in particular the s1 subunit, are associated with poor cross-protection. here, homologous vaccination trials with recombinant ibvs (ribvs), based on the apathogenic s ... | 2018 | 30209177 |
| molecular identification of avian viruses in neotropic cormorants ( phalacrocorax brasilianus) in chile. | we identified two rna (paramyxovirus and coronavirus) and two dna (adenovirus and herpesvirus) viruses in a common aquatic bird, the neotropic cormorant ( phalacrocorax brasilianus), and determined their phylogenetic relationships to other global circulating variants. we analyzed 104 cloacal swabs from individuals collected at locations in central chile. sequences were obtained from amplicons using consensus primers targeting conserved genes of the virus families paramyxoviridae, coronaviridae, ... | 2019 | 30216128 |
| a self-adjuvanted nanoparticle based vaccine against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) affects poultry respiratory, renal and reproductive systems. currently the efficacy of available live attenuated or killed vaccines against ibv has been challenged. we designed a novel ibv vaccine alternative using a highly innovative platform called self-assembling protein nanoparticle (sapn). in this vaccine, b cell epitopes derived from the second heptad repeat (hr2) region of ibv spike proteins were repetitively presented in its native trimeric conformation. ... | 2018 | 30216376 |
| novel protein chip for the detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis (ib) caused by the ib virus (ibv) can cause acute damage to chickens around the world. therefore, rapid diagnosis and immune status determination are critical for controlling ibv outbreaks. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been widely used in the detection of ibv antibodies in the early infection and continuous infection of ib because they are more sensitive and quicker than other diagnostic methods. | 2018 | 30223836 |
| genetics, antigenicity and virulence properties of three infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from a single tracheal sample in a chicken with respiratory problems. | three different ibv genotypes/serotypes, designated ck/ch/ldl/150434-i (ldl/150434-i), ck/ch/ldl/150434-ii (ldl/150434-ii) and ck/ch/ldl/150434-iii (ldl/150434-iii), were detected in a single tracheal sample from a chicken showing signs of respiratory disease. the viruses were isolated using a cross-neutralization test and limiting dilution in embryonated specific-pathogen-free (spf) eggs. isolate ldl/150434-i was a re-isolation of h120 vaccine strain that was introduced into the chicken flock b ... | 2018 | 30240807 |
| development of a sensitive and specific xmap assay for detection of antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis and bronchitis viruses. | a serological method to simultaneously detect antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is imperative for the differential diagnosis and evaluation of antibodies titers after vaccination. | 2018 | 30241540 |
| genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus in china in recent years. | in this study, 213 infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) were isolated from samples collected from 801 flocks suspected to be infected with ibv from january 2016 to december 2017 in china. by using complete nucleotide sequences of s1 gene we determined the phylogeny of these ibv isolates, which in turn allowed us to define six lineages/genotypes, a number of recombinants and a novel variant. the gi-19 lineage was the most frequently isolated type in china in recent years. although scattered mutat ... | 2018 | 30244092 |
| burden of exposure to infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus, mycoplasma gallisepticum, and intestinal parasites in introduced broiler chickens on the galapagos. | diseases in introduced broilers can possibly spill over to wild birds on the galapagos. knowledge about the current burden of exposure to pathogens in broilers on the galapagos is very limited. the objective of the study reported here was to measure the burden of exposure to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg), and intestinal parasites in a sample of broiler chickens on 13 farms on santa cruz isla ... | 2018 | 30248128 |
| detection of newcastle disease, h9n2 avian influenza, and infectious bronchitis viruses in respiratory diseases in backyard chickens in ahvaz, iran, in 2014-2015. | newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian influenza virus (aiv), and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are the most prevalent viral pathogens in the iranian poultry industry. this study aimed to reveal the presence of these viruses in the backyard chickens in ahvaz, located in the southwest of iran. a total of 100 chickens with respiratory signs and mortality were examined by taking the blood samples as well as tracheal and cloacal swabs. most of the chickens had not received any vaccine. the blood s ... | 2018 | 30256035 |
| sequencing and in silico multi-aspect analysis of s1 glycoprotein in 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from iran in 2003 and 2011. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute, highly contagious, and economically important viral disease of chickens. the s1 subunit from spike (s) protein plays the major role in protective immunity and is involved in the host-virus interactions, as well as infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotyping. aim of the present study was multi-aspect analysis of the molecular and immunological features of 5' part belonging to the s1 glycoprotein sequence of iranian 793/b ibv strain isolates. this m ... | 2018 | 30280838 |
| co-circulation of genetically diverse population of vaccine related and unrelated respiratory mycoplasmas and viruses in uk poultry flocks with health or production problems. | respiratory diseases continue to have a major impact on poultry health, welfare and productivity. however, little information is available on their current status in uk poultry flocks. we investigated the presence of four economically important respiratory pathogens in healthy or problematic flocks; infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian metapneumovirus (ampv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms). samples from 131 uk poultry flocks were received during the 12 month study ... | 2018 | 30322525 |
| recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing heterologous s1 subunits: potential for a new generation of vaccines that replicate in vero cells. | the spike glycoprotein (s) of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) comprises two subunits, s1 and s2. we have previously demonstrated that the s2 subunit of the avirulent beau-r strain is responsible for its extended cellular tropism for vero cells. two recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses (ribvs) have been generated; the immunogenic s1 subunit is derived from the ibv vaccine strain, h120, or the virulent field strain, qx, within the genetic background of beau-r. the ribvs beaur-h120(s1) and b ... | 2018 | 30355423 |
| molecular detection and phylogenetic properties of isolated infectious bronchitis viruses from broilers in ahvaz, southwest iran, based on partial sequences of spike gene. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease involving mostly upper respiratory tract in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. one of the major concerns regarding to ib is the emergence of new types of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs). the purpose of this study was to identify the ibvs isolated from iranian broiler chickens with respiratory symptoms. twenty-five broiler flocks around ahwaz (southwest of iran) were examined for ibv. t ... | 2018 | 30357063 |
| including 793/b type avian infectious bronchitis vaccine in 1-day-old chicken increased the protection against qx genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a highly infectious pathogen, which affects the respiratory tract, reproductive system, and kidney of chickens. many different genotypes of ibv are recognized which cause different clinical manifestations. according to the antigenic differences, different serotypes of the virus do not cross-protect. massachusetts serotype induces the best cross-protection against other serotypes. recently, the ibv qx genotype has been detected in iran. qx genotype causes perm ... | 2019 | 30374823 |
| prevalence of avian influenza, newcastle disease, and infectious bronchitis viruses in broiler flocks infected with multifactorial respiratory diseases in iran, 2015-2016. | in this study, the prevalence and spatial distribution of newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, and avian influenza have been evaluated in commercial broiler farms in 31 provinces in iran. in this survey, a total of 233 affected broiler chicken farms were sampled. the infectious bronchitis virus (alone) was detected with highest frequency in 60 farms, and separately or combined with other agents, in 110 farms; newcastle disease virus, separately, was detected in 28 farms, and in 63 farms sep ... | 2019 | 30377950 |
| surveillance and investigative diagnosis of a poultry flock in great britain co-infected with an influenza a virus and an avirulent avian avulavirus type 1. | a detailed veterinary and laboratory investigation revealed an unusual case of concurrent avian avulavirus type 1 (aavv-1, formerly called avian paramyxovirus type 1) and low pathogenicity avian influenza (lpai) virus infections of chickens during march 2010 in a mixed poultry and livestock farm in great britain. respiratory signs and daily mortality of 5-6 birds in a broiler flock 8-weeks of age prompted submission of two carcasses to an animal and plant health agency (apha) regional laboratory ... | 2019 | 30390413 |
| a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses. | chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ... | 2018 | 30442149 |
| the in ovo delivery of cpg oligonucleotides protects against infectious bronchitis with the recruitment of immune cells into the respiratory tract of chickens. | the in ovo delivery of cytosine-guanosine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) protects chickens against many bacterial and viral infections, by activating the toll-like receptor (tlr)21 signaling pathway. although the delivery of cpg odns in ovo at embryo day (ed) 18 has been shown to reduce infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) loads in embryonic chicken lungs pre-hatch, whether in ovo delivered cpg odns are capable of protecting chickens against a post-hatch challenge is unknown. thus, our objectiv ... | 2018 | 30445707 |
| pathobiological and genomic characterization of a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (bp-cakii). | we established a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (bp-cakii) by passaging a field virus through specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs 20 times at 32 °c. we characterized its growth kinetics and pathogenicity in embryonated eggs, and its tropism and persistence in different tissues from chickens; then, we evaluated pathogenicity by using a new premature reproductive tract pathogenicity model. furthermore, we determined the complete genomic sequence of bp-cakii to understand the genetic ... | 2018 | 30463206 |
| virus neutralization study using h120, h52, 793/b antisera against iranian infectious bronchitis virus genotypes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a major pathogen of the domestic fowl, exhibits extensive antigenic variation. ibv is a member of the coronaviridae family and the genus gammacoronavirus. a new infectious bronchitis virus serotype can emerge from only very few amino acid changes within the major peplomer glycoprotein, namely in its s1 part forming the virion spike. principally, the serotypes are identified by virus neutralization (vn) tests. this study is aimed to investigate the neutralizing ... | 2019 | 30472866 |
| pathogenicity differences between a newly emerged tw-like strain and a prevalent qx-like strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | tw-like ibv isolates have appeared frequently in recent years in mainland china. in this study, we compared the tw-like ibv gd strain and the predominant qx-like sd strain in terms of serology and pathogenicity to 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. both strains could cause severe respiratory distress and renal lesions, with a mortality rate were approximately 20%. virus were continuously shed via the respiratory tract and cloaca. however, the infection pattern of the two isolates were d ... | 2018 | 30473347 |
| establishment of xmap for the simultaneous detection of antibodies to newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus. | using luminex xmap (x = analyte, map = multi-analyte profiling) technology, a serological method for the simultaneous detection of antibodies to newcastle disease virus (ndv) and avian influenza virus (aiv) was established. nano-magnetic beads coated with purified ndv protein and aiv nucleoprotein were incubated with serum samples. using biotinylated rabbit anti-chicken igy and streptavidin-r-phycoerythrin, the optical signals measured by a luminex 200 detection system indicated the quantificati ... | 2019 | 30476286 |
| effects of beta-1,3-glucan (aletatm) on vaccination response in broiler chickens. | this 42-day study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with β-1,3-glucan (aleta™) on the vaccination response to newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease (ibd) in a non-challenged environment. this trial included 600 chicks (all vaccinated with ibd at the hatchery) which were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: vaccination (ndv, ibv), no vaccination, or vaccination combined with feed supplemented with aleta (100 g/mt of feed). t ... | 2019 | 30476311 |
| recent approaches for control of e. coli and respiratory complex in middle east. | this study was conducted on 100 one-day-old broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of poulvac e. coli vaccine in reduction of clinical signs and complications after concurrent infectious bronchitis virus (variant 02) and virulent e. coli o78 challenges. the birds were evaluated for clinical signs, mortality for 7 days post-infection, pm lesion score, average body weight and serological evaluation. re-isolation and rt-pcr for the challenging infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variant 02 were conduc ... | 2018 | 30505174 |
| comparative features of infections of two massachusetts (mass) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants isolated from western canadian layer flocks. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in chickens. there are numerous serotypes and variants, which do not confer cross protection resulting in failure of currently used ibv vaccines. although variant ibv isolates with major genetic differences have been subjected to comparative studies, it is unknown whether minor genetic differences in ibv variants within a serotype are different in terms of pathogenesis and eliciting host responses. two mass ... | 2018 | 30526618 |
| combined use of elisa and western blot with recombinant n protein is a powerful tool for the immunodiagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis. | the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) remains a significant source of loss in the poultry industry and early diagnosis is required to prevent the disease from spreading. this study examined the combined use of an elisa and western blot (wb) to detect antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein (n) of ibv. the coding sequence for n was amplified by rt-pcr and expressed in escherichia coli. a soluble recombinant n protein (rn) of approximately 50 kda was obtained. a total of 389 sera were te ... | 2018 | 30541588 |
| gi-16 lineage (624/i or q1), there and back again: the history of one of the major threats for poultry farming of our era. | the genetic variability of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the main challenges for its control, hindering not only the development of effective vaccination strategies but also its classification and, consequently, epidemiology understanding. the 624/i and q1 genotypes, now recognized to be part of the gi-16 lineage, represent an excellent example of the practical consequences of ibv molecular epidemiology limited knowledge. in fact, being their common origin unrecognized for a long t ... | 2018 | 30571679 |
| the first evidence of a new genotype of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus circulating in vaccinated and unvaccinated broiler flocks in algeria. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) frequently infects broilers and is responsible for severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. it has also been associated with kidney damage in the broiler flocks. the aim of the present study is to determine the presence of ibv and its possible involvement in kidney damage of broiler chicks. | 2018 | 30587900 |
| infectious bronchitis virus entry mainly depends on clathrin mediated endocytosis and requires classical endosomal/lysosomal system. | although several reports suggest that the entry of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) depends on lipid rafts and low ph, the endocytic route and intracellular trafficking are unclear. in this study, we aimed to shed greater light on early steps in ibv infection. by using chemical inhibitors, rna interference, and dominant negative mutants, we observed that lipid rafts and low ph was indeed required for virus entry; ibv mainly utilized the clathrin mediated endocytosis (cme) for entry; gtpase dyna ... | 2019 | 30597347 |
| sensitive sybr green-real time pcr for the detection and quantitation of avian rotavirus a. | avian rotavirus a (artv-a) is a virus that affects young birds, causing acute diarrhea and economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. the techniques used for the diagnosis of artv-a include electron microscopy, isolation in cell culture, and serology, as well as molecular techniques, such as the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the objective of this work was to standardize a real-time rt-polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) using sybr green chemistry for the rapid ... | 2018 | 30597964 |
| identification and formation mechanism of a novel noncoding rna produced by avian infectious bronchitis virus. | viral noncoding (nc) rnas have been shown to play important roles in viral life cycle. many viruses employ different mechanism to produce ncrnas. here, we report that coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) produces a novel ncrna in virus-infected cells. this ncrna consists of 563 nucleotides excluding a poly(a) tail, is mainly derived from the 3'-untranslated region of ibv genome, and contains a 63-nt-long of terminal leader sequence derived from the 5' end of the viral genome. using muta ... | 2019 | 30616206 |
| gonadal pathogenicity of an infectious bronchitis virus strain from the massachusetts genotype. | an outbreak of infectious bronchitis caused by the ibvpr03 strain of the massachusetts genotype affected h-120 vaccinated laying hens in south brazil. we investigated the cross protection of the vaccine by assessing the traqueal ciliostasis, virus recovery, and histopathological changes typically observed in the respiratory tract. although the ibvpr03 strain is s1-genotyped as massachusetts with a high genomic similarity to the h-120 vaccine strains, surprisingly, we found no tropism or pathogen ... | 2019 | 30637657 |
| genetic and biological characteristics of four novel recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in china. | infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) of gi-13 (793/b) and gi-19 (qx/lx4) lineages have been frequently detected in china in recent years. naturally recombinant ibvs originating from the gi-13 and gi-19 lineages have also been isolated from chicken flocks with respiratory and renal problems in china. thorough genetic and biological investigations of these recombinant viruses have led to speculation regarding their origin, evolution, and control. in order to confirm the previous results and furthe ... | 2019 | 30641197 |
| near-complete genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus strain vfar-047 (gi-16 lineage), isolated in peru. | here, we report the near-complete genome sequence of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain vfar-047, isolated in peru in 2014. this strain was classified into gi lineage 16 (gi-16) based on both the genome and spike 1 (s1) sequence analysis. furthermore, four potential recombination events with other gi-16 and gi-11 strains were identified. | 2019 | 30714035 |
| effect of pullet vaccination on development and longevity of immunity. | avian respiratory disease causes significant economic losses in commercial poultry. because of the need to protect long-lived poultry against respiratory tract pathogens from an early age, vaccination programs for pullets typically involve serial administration of a variety of vaccines, including infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). often the interval between vaccinations is only a matter of weeks, yet it is unknown whet ... | 2019 | 30717342 |
| the 3d8 single chain variable fragment protein suppress infectious bronchitis virus transmission in the transgenic chickens. | infectious bronchitis (ib) generated by the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes economic difficulties for livestock farmers. the 3d8 single chain variable fragment (scfv) protein is a recombinant antibody with nuclease activity that shows antiviral effects against various dna and rna viruses in mice and chickens. in this experiment, 3d8 scfv g2 transgenic chickens produced by crossing 3d8 scfv g1 transgenic rooster and wild type hens were screened by genomic pcr and immunohistochemistry ana ... | 2019 | 30738233 |
| development of a recombinant newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccine for infectious bronchitis virus variant strains circulating in egypt. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a major disease problem for the poultry industry worldwide. the currently used live-attenuated vaccines have the tendency to mutate and/or recombine with circulating field strains resulting in the emergence of vaccine-derived variant viruses. in order to circumvent these issues, and to develop a vaccine that is more relevant to egypt and its neighboring countries, a recombinant avirulent newcastle disease virus (rndv) strain lasota was constructed to expr ... | 2019 | 30744668 |
| genetic and antigenic heterogeneity of infectious bronchitis virus in south america: implications for control programmes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a persistent sanitary problem for the south american poultry industry despite extensive vaccination. the ibv single-stranded rna genome has high rates of mutation and recombination that generate a notorious virus variability. since most ibv vaccines are type-specific, there is a need for constant surveillance of the circulating lineages and knowledge about their genetic and antigenic properties. here we present an integrative analysis that provides the patter ... | 2019 | 30761909 |
| immunoprofiling of peripheral blood from infectious bronchitis virus vaccinated mhc-b chicken lines - monocyte mhc-ii expression as a potential correlate of protection. | vaccination programs are implemented in poultry farms to limit outbreaks and spread of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which is a substantial economic burden in the poultry industry. immune correlates, used to predict vaccine efficacy, have proved difficult to find for ibv-vaccine-induced protection. to find correlates of ibv-vaccine-induced protection, hence, we employed a flow cytometric assay to quantify peripheral leucocyte subsets and expression of cell surface markers of six different n ... | 2019 | 30763593 |
| viral infection detection using metagenomics technology in six poultry farms of eastern china. | with rapidly increasing animal pathogen surveillance requirements, new technologies are needed for a comprehensive understanding of the roles of pathogens in the occurrence and development of animal diseases. we applied metagenomic technology to avian virus surveillance to study the main viruses infecting six poultry farms in two provinces in eastern china. cloacal/throat double swabs were collected from 60 birds at each farm according to a random sampling method. the results showed that the met ... | 2019 | 30785912 |
| chicken anaemia virus enhances and prolongs subsequent avian influenza (h9n2) and infectious bronchitis viral infections. | immunosuppressive viral diseases have a great economic importance in the poultry industry due to the increased susceptibility to secondary infections. chicken anaemia virus (cav) is one of the major immunosuppressive diseases in chickens. in addition, low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) of subtype h9n2 and infectious bronchitis (ib) viruses are among the most frequently reported respiratory viral diseases in poultry worldwide. in the present study, specific pathogen free chickens were used to ... | 2019 | 30827377 |
| novel genotype of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china. | recombination events are known to contribute to the emergence of novel infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotypes. in this study, we carried out detailed phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons based on 74 complete nucleotide sequences of the ibv s1 gene, including strain i0636/16 and 73 representative sequences from each genotype and lineage. the results showed that strain i0636/16 represented a novel genotype, designated as lineage 1 within genotype vii (gvii-1). further comparative ge ... | 2019 | 30827386 |
| efficient fecal-oral and possible vertical, but not respiratory, transmission of emerging chlamydia gallinacea in broilers. | chlamydia gallinacea is an endemic chlamydia agent in poultry with a worldwide distribution. the aim of this study was to investigate whether c. gallinacea can be transmitted via fecal-oral, respiratory and vertical routes. after co-housing with c. gallinacea-inoculated broilers (n = 10) for 15 days, over 90.0% of spf broilers (n = 10) became c. gallinacea-positive in their oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs. connection of isolators with ventilation tubing resulted in transmission of infectious bro ... | 2019 | 30827411 |
| repeated avian infectious bronchitis virus infections within a single chicken farm. | genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was performed on trachea and kidney samples of six chickens obtained from a single farm in japan. using two primer sets targeting the spike (s) protein gene, the s1 and s2 regions of dna fragments were amplified. sequences of amplified s1 fragments extracted from both organs were identical among the six chickens, showing a jp-i genotype. sequences of amplified s2 fragments differed between trachea and kidney samples. the kidney profile showed ... | 2019 | 30828040 |
| n-linked glycosylation of the membrane protein ectodomain regulates infectious bronchitis virus-induced er stress response, apoptosis and pathogenesis. | coronavirus membrane (m) protein is the most abundant structural protein playing a critical role in virion assembly. previous studies show that the n-terminal ectodomain of m protein is modified by glycosylation, but its precise functions are yet to be thoroughly investigated. in this study, we confirm that n-linked glycosylation occurs at two predicted sites in the m protein ectodomain of infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv). dual mutations at the two sites (n3d/n6d) did not affect particle ... | 2019 | 30852271 |
| the infectious bronchitis coronavirus envelope protein alters golgi ph to protect the spike protein and promote the release of infectious virus. | coronaviruses (covs) assemble by budding into the lumen of the early golgi complex prior to exocytosis. the small cov envelope (e) protein plays roles in assembly, virion release, and pathogenesis. cov e has a single hydrophobic domain (hd), is targeted to golgi membranes, and has cation channel activity in vitro the e protein from avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has dramatic effects on the secretory system, which require residues in the hd. mutation of the hd of ibv e in a recombinant v ... | 2019 | 30867314 |
| memory immune responses and protection of chickens against a nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus strain by combining live heterologous and inactivated homologous vaccines. | in this study, we evaluated antibody and cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses in the mucosal and systemic compartments and protection against challenge with a nephropathogenic brazilian (br-i) strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in chickens submitted to a vaccination regime comprising a priming dose of heterologous live attenuated massachusetts vaccine followed by a booster dose of an experimental homologous inactivated vaccine two weeks later. this immunization protocol elicited signifi ... | 2019 | 30867350 |
| construction and immunogenicity of novel chimeric virus-like particles bearing antigens of infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv) are two poultry pathogens seriously affecting the poultry industry. here, ibv s1 and the ectodomain of ndv f proteins were separately linked with the trans-membrane and carboxy-terminal domain of ibv s protein (stmct), composing rs and rf; thus, a novel chimeric infectious bronchitis-newcastle disease (ib-nd) virus-like particles (vlps) vaccine containing the rs, rf, and ibv m protein was constructed. under the transmission elec ... | 2019 | 30871190 |
| glycosylation of the viral attachment protein of avian coronavirus is essential for host cell and receptor binding. | avian coronaviruses, including infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), are important respiratory pathogens of poultry. the heavily glycosylated ibv spike protein is responsible for binding to host tissues. glycosylation sites in the spike protein are highly conserved across viral genotypes, suggesting an important role for this modification in the virus life cycle. here, we analyzed the n-glycosylation of the receptor-binding domain (rbd) of ibv strain m41 spike protein and assessed the role of this ... | 2019 | 30902814 |
| a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in ontario, canada, part 2: causes of morbidity and mortality. | non-commercial poultry flocks (referred to as "small flocks") have become increasingly popular in canada. despite this popularity, little is known about the main causes of morbidity and mortality (health status) in these flocks. we assessed the baseline prevalence of infectious and non-infectious diseases among ontario's small poultry flocks by conducting a prospective surveillance study over a 2-y period. with the owner's consent, for each bird ( n = 245) submitted to the animal health laborato ... | 2019 | 30973078 |
| surveillance for avibacterium paragallinarum in autopsy cases of birds from small chicken flocks using a real-time pcr assay. | infectious coryza is a severe respiratory disease of chickens associated with large economic losses in affected commercial flocks. the fastidious causative pathogen, avibacterium paragallinarum, is difficult to recover and identify, resulting in delayed diagnosis and enhanced spread of the agent. small poultry flocks are increasingly common in rural and suburban environments. we assessed the frequency of a. paragallinarum using real-time pcr and clinical conditions present in samples from such f ... | 2019 | 30973083 |
| infections and pathology of free-roaming backyard chickens on st. kitts, west indies. | free-roaming chickens on caribbean islands are important sentinels for local avian diseases and those introduced by birds migrating through the americas. we studied 81 apparently healthy unvaccinated free-roaming chickens from 9 parishes on st. kitts, an eastern caribbean island. using commercial elisas, no chickens had antibodies against avian influenza virus, west nile virus, or salmonella enteritidis, although seropositivity was high to infectious bursal disease virus (86%), infectious bronch ... | 2019 | 30973088 |
| a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in ontario, canada, part 1: prevalence of viral and bacterial pathogens. | in ontario, within the past few years, there has been a marked increase in the number of non-commercial poultry flocks (referred to as "small flocks"). small poultry flocks may act as a reservoir of avian and zoonotic pathogens, given the flocks' limited access to veterinary services, inadequate biosecurity practices, and increased risk of contact with wild birds. despite these potential risks, there is a scarcity of data concerning the prevalence of poultry and zoonotic pathogens among these fl ... | 2019 | 30973091 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of s1 gene among iranian avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated during 2001-2002. | infectious bronchitis (ib) virus genome codes for four structural proteins, among which the s1 subunit of spike glycoprotein comprises the major epitopes to induce neutralizing antibodies. this study involved the comparison of the full s1 sequences of five ib viruses, namely two massachusetts and three 793/b serotypes, isolated from ib outbreaks during 2001-2002, with all other iranian and foreign 793/b isolates and 10 known serotypes. analysis of s1 subunit showed three unique amino acid change ... | 2019 | 31013004 |
| protection conferred by a vaccine derived from an inactivated egyptian variant of infectious bronchitis virus: a challenge experiment. | the current study investigated the protective efficacy of a formalin-inactivated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine derived from the field strain kp729422, which exhibits low s1 spike protein sequence homology (77.1-79.8%) with the currently used vaccine strains in egypt. two-week-old, specific-pathogen-free chickens were subcutaneously inoculated with a single dose of the vaccine containing 106.7 50% embryo infective dose (eid50) of the inactivated virus. at 6 weeks of age, the chickens ... | 2019 | 31020540 |
| genetic characterization of s1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial poultry flocks in west java, indonesia. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is still a major problem among poultry industry in indonesia, ib outbreaks continue to happen even in vaccinated flocks. the emergence of new ib virus (ibv) variants might lead to mismatching between vaccine virus strain and circulating virus strain, this may be a reason of vaccination failure. information about circulating ibv in a region is important to decide which ib vaccine should be used. however, information about recent ibv strains which circulated in indonesia ... | 2019 | 31040563 |
| molecular characterization of pathogenic 4/91-like and qx-like infectious bronchitis virus infecting commercial poultry farms in indonesia. | existing data on the characteristics of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) gathered throughout indonesia have been recognized to indicate variants similar to globally distributed vaccine strains. despite past and current intensive vaccination programs, ibv infections in the country's poultry industry have not been effectively controlled. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the genotype of several isolates based on partial s1 gene sequences. in particular, the investigation is directed to f ... | 2019 | 31040571 |
| genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function may not show synchronised responses to mitochondria in shell gland of laying chickens under infectious bronchitis virus challenge. | egg formation takes place in the oviduct of laying hens over a 24 h period. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes pathological lesions in the chicken oviduct. in the current study, mitochondrial counts were determined in three different segments of the oviduct during egg formation in laying chickens challenged with ibv t strain. nuclear dna encoded genes that are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, fission and function were studied in the shell gland of the oviduct undergoing virus multipli ... | 2019 | 31041887 |
| attenuation of infectious bronchitis virus in eggs results in different patterns of genomic variation across multiple replicates. | the gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease of poultry. live attenuated vaccines are traditionally generated by serial passage of a virulent strain in embryonated chicken eggs; however, the molecular mechanism of attenuation is unknown. m41-ck, a virulent lab-adapted strain of ibv, was egg passaged over 100 times in four parallel independent replicates. all four final egg-passaged viruses were attenuated in vivo and exhibited simi ... | 2019 | 31043525 |
| a novel immunochromatographic strip for antigen detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes considerable economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide, including taiwan. ibv is among the most important pathogens in chickens, and it spreads rapidly among flocks. in addition to dozens of known serotypes, new viral variants have emerged due to the viral evolution and antigenic variation in ibvs. therefore, the development of a sensitive, specific, and easily performed assay is crucial for the rapid detection and surveillance of ibv infect ... | 2019 | 31064083 |
| s gene and 5a accessory gene are responsible for the attenuation of virulent infectious bronchitis coronavirus. | to explore the critical genes associated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) virulence, we compared the genome sequences of virulent yn strain and its attenuated strain ayn. accumulation of mutations in the s gene and the accessory gene 5a were observed, suggesting a potential role in the loss of viral pathogenicity. two recombinant ibvs (ribvs) with replacement of the s gene or 5a with corresponding regions from ayn were rescued to verify this speculation. embryo mortality time/rate showed t ... | 2019 | 31078931 |
| pathogenicity of a gi-22 genotype infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china and protection against it afforded by gi-19 vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a globally circulating bird disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in china, the most prevalent ibv genotype is gi-19/qx-like because the protective efficiency of the classical ibv vaccine is low, and new gi-19 vaccines are under development. in 2018, a gi-22 genotype strain ck/ch/lgd/2018 (abbreviated 'lgd') was isolated in northern china, which caused 10%-30% morality in h120-vaccinated chickens. a phylogenetic analysis showed that this new iso ... | 2019 | 31082454 |
| the er stress sensor ire1 and map kinase erk modulate autophagy induction in cells infected with coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | coronavirus infection induces the generation of autophagosomes, and certain host proteins regulating cellular autophagy are hijacked by some coronaviruses to facilitate the formation of double membrane vesicles. however, mechanisms underlying coronavirus-induced autophagy remain largely unknown. in this study, we demonstrate that autophagosome formation and apparent autophagic flux are induced in cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) - a gammacoronavirus. notably, ibv-induced aut ... | 2019 | 31082732 |
| spotlight on avian pathology: infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis is a highly infectious disease of the domestic chicken of all ages and type, affecting the respiratory, renal and reproductive systems. secondary bacterial infections are common and have a serious economic and welfare impact. many genotypic and serotypic variants of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) exist worldwide, making diagnosis difficult, and challenging control strategies. vaccination, requiring the use of both live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, is needed to co ... | 2019 | 31084356 |
| occurrence of infectious bronchitis in layer birds in plateau state, north central nigeria. | a flock of 54 wk-old layer birds exhibiting signs of respiratory distress, greenish diarrhea, and drop in egg production was investigated. a marked drop in egg production (55%) was recorded with eggs appearing white and soft-shelled. mortality was in the range of 1%-2% with post-mortem lesions revealing cloudy air sacs, frothy, and congested lungs. viral rna was extracted from pooled tissue samples (trachea, lungs, spleen, and liver) and tested for avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease ... | 2019 | 31086770 |
| infectious bronchitis virus from chickens in al-hasa, saudi arabia 2015-2016. | this study aimed to isolate some of the currently circulating infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains from some broiler chicken farms in al-hasa and to do some molecular characteristics of these strains. | 2019 | 31089313 |
| investigation of suspected newcastle disease (nd) outbreaks in egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic nd virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens. | highly contagious newcastle disease (nd) is associated with devastating outbreaks with highly variable clinical signs among gallinaceous birds. in this study we aimed to verify clinical nd suspicions in poultry holdings in egypt suffering from respiratory distress and elevated mortality, comparing two groups of nd-vaccinated poultry holdings in three governorates. besides testing for newcastle disease virus (ndv), samples were screened for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian influenza vi ... | 2019 | 31090444 |