Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| neurobiological effects of the green tea constituent theanine and its potential role in the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. | theanine (n-ethylglutamic acid), a non-proteinaceous amino acid component of green and black teas, has received growing attention in recent years due to its reported effects on the central nervous system. it readily crosses the blood-brain barrier where it exerts a variety of neurophysiological and pharmacological effects. its most well-documented effect has been its apparent anxiolytic and calming effect due to its up-regulation of inhibitory neurotransmitters and possible modulation of seroton ... | 2014 | 23883567 |
| chromatographic analysis of methylglyoxal and other α-dicarbonyls using gas-diffusion microextraction. | many α-dicarbonyl compounds such as methylglyoxal, diacetyl and pentane-2,3-dione are important quality markers of processed foods. they are produced by enzymatic and chemical processes, the maillard reaction is the most known chemical route for α-dicarbonyl formation. in the case of methylglyoxal, there are obstacles to be overcome when analysing this compound due to its high reactivity, low volatility and low concentration. the use of extraction techniques based on the volatilization of methyl ... | 2013 | 23883921 |
| treatment of oral mucositis in hematologic patients undergoing autologous or allogeneic transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells: a prospective, randomized study with a mouthwash containing camelia sinensis leaf extract. | oral mucositis is an important side effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hcst), mainly due to toxicity of conditioning regimens. it produces significant pain and morbidity. the present study reports a prospective, randomized, non-blinded study testing the efficacy of a new mouthwash, called baxidil onco(®) (sanitas farmaceutici srl, tortona, italy) in 60 hematologic patients undergoing hcst (28 autologous, 32 allogeneic). baxidil onco(®), used three times a day from day -1 to day + ... | 2013 | 23888242 |
| [application of black tea as a negative oral contrast in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (mrcp)]. | to investigate the feasibility of using black tea as a gastrointestinal oral negative contrast agent to null the signal from fluid in bowel during mr cholangiopancreatography (mrcp). | 2013 | 23898539 |
| effects of lifestyle and genetic polymorphisms on consumption of coffee or black tea and urinary caffeine levels. | to find the cause of individual differences in caffeine intake and its metabolism, we investigated the effects of lifestyle and genetic polymorphisms of caffeine metabolic enzymes on coffee or black tea and urinary caffeine levels among 259 male japanese. it was seen that cigarette smokers drank more coffee or black tea than non-smokers (p < 0.001). there was an inverse correlation between the amount of coffee or black tea consumed and age or the frequency of alcohol drinking (p < 0.05). genetic ... | 1998 | 23899363 |
| effect of repeated wuniu early tea administration on the cyp450 activity using a cocktail method. | wuniu early tea (camellia sinensis) is an important beverage consumed in china. up to date, a lot of methods for identifying and chemical analysing have been done. however, there is no report on the effects of wuniu early tea on cytochrome p450 isozymes. therefore, the present objective of our study was to evaluate the potential effects of wuniu early tea on cytochrome p450 isozymes p2c9, p1a2, p2c19 and p2b6 in rats with a cocktail approach including, matching probe drugs of tolbutamide, phenac ... | 2013 | 23901167 |
| antimicrobial activity of green tea extract against isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa. | to evaluate antibacterial activity of the indonesian water soluble green tea extract, camellia sinensis, against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) (mrsa) and multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa (mdr-p. aeruginosa). | 2013 | 23905026 |
| comparison of the dissipation behaviour of three neonicotinoid insecticides in tea. | the dissipation behaviour of three neonicotinoids - thiamethoxam, imidacloprid and acetamiprid - was compared in tea shoots, in chinese green and black tea, and after tea infusion in hot water. the simple and rapid analytical procedures for the quantification of these three residues in these matrices were developed using hplc with ultraviolet (uv) detection. degradation rates in tea shoots of neonicotinoids applied in either recommended or double dosages followed first-order kinetics, with half- ... | 2013 | 23906092 |
| advanced phytochemical analysis of herbal tea in china. | herbal tea is a commonly consumed beverage brewed from the leaves, flowers, seeds, fruits, stems and roots of plants species rather than camellia sinensis l., which has been widely used for health care and diseases prevention for centuries. with the increasing consumption of herbal tea, a number of public health issues e.g., efficacy, safety and quality assurance have attracted concern. however, to date, there is no a review focus on herbal tea. phytochemical analysis, as a key step to investiga ... | 2013 | 23906802 |
| effect of kombucha, a fermented black tea in attenuating oxidative stress mediated tissue damage in alloxan induced diabetic rats. | diabetic complications associated with increased oxidative stress can be suppressed by antioxidants. in the present study we investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of kombucha (kt), a fermented black tea, in comparison to that of unfermented black tea (bt), in alx-induced diabetic rats. alx exposure lowered the body weight and plasma insulin by about 28.12% and 61.34% respectively and elevated blood glucose level and glycated hb by about 3.79 and 3.73 folds respectively. the oxida ... | 2013 | 23907022 |
| amelioration of iron toxicity: a mechanism for aluminum-induced growth stimulation in tea plants. | tea plants (camellia sinensis) are well adapted to acid soils with high al availability. these plants not only accumulate high leaf al concentrations, but also respond to al with growth stimulation. decreased oxidative stress has been associated with this effect. why tea plants not exposed to al suffer from oxidative stress has not been clarified. in this study, hydroponically grown tea plants treated with 0 to 300 μm al were analyzed for growth, al and fe accumulation, and al distribution by me ... | 2013 | 23910825 |
| dynamic changes in catechin levels and catechin biosynthesis-related gene expression in albino tea plants (camellia sinensis l.). | tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) leaves are a major source of flavonoids that mainly belong to the flavan-3-ols or catechins and are implicated in a wide range of health benefits. although the catechins in tea leaves were identified long ago, the regulatory mechanisms governing catechin biosynthesis remain unclear. in the present work, the dynamic changes of catechin levels and the expression profiles of catechin-related genes in albino tea plants were intensively examined. the amounts of ... | 2013 | 23911731 |
| medicinal plant extracts variously modulate susceptibility of escherichia coli to different antibiotics. | antioxidant activity of green and black tea and extracts of medicinal plants and their ability to modulate antibiotic susceptibility in escherichia coli were studied. among a number of extracts tested the maximal capacity to scavenge dpph radicals and chelate iron in chemical tests was found in green and black tea, arctostaphylos uva-ursi and vaccinium vitis-idaea. these extracts contained high level of polyphenols and in aerobic conditions exhibited prooxidant features, producing h2o2 and induc ... | 2014 | 23916388 |
| estimated dietary intakes and sources of flavanols in the german population (german national nutrition survey ii). | data from intervention studies suggest a beneficial effect of flavanols on vascular health. however, insufficient data on their intake have delayed the assessment of their health benefits. the aim of this study was to estimate intake of flavanols and their main sources among people living in germany. | 2014 | 23917449 |
| black tea high-molecular-weight polyphenol stimulates exercise training-induced improvement of endurance capacity in mouse via the link between ampk and glut4. | aerobic exercise can promote "fast-to-slow transition" in skeletal muscles, i.e. an increase in oxidative fibers, mitochondria, and myoglobin and improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism. here, we found that mice administered mitochondria activation factor (maf) combined with exercise training could run longer distances and for a longer time compared with the exercise only group; maf is a high-molecular-weight polyphenol purified from black tea. furthermore, maf intake combined with exercise ... | 2013 | 23922719 |
| [chemical constituents of camellia sinensis var. assamica]. | to study the chemical constituents of camellia sinensis var. assamica. the compounds were isolated by nka macroporous resin silica gel, sephadex lh-20, rp-c18 column chromatographies and semi-preparative hplc,and their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as caffeine (1), theobromine (2), gallic acid (3), (+)-catechin (4), ampelopsin (5), (-)-epicatechin (6), (-)-epiafzelechin (7), (-)-epicatechin-3-o-gall ... | 2013 | 23944074 |
| bacterial and fungal communities in pu'er tea samples of different ages. | pu'er is a major kind of postfermented tea and is made with a "large leaf" variety of camellia sinensis (c. sinensis assamica), whose distribution is limited to the mountains of southern yunnan, china. the quality of pu'er tea is believed to increase with storage (aging, maturing) because of postfermentation by microbes. the effect of storage period (from < 1 to 192 mo) on the bacteria and fungi in pu'er tea was investigated by a culture-dependent and a pcr-dgge method. the individual numbers of ... | 2013 | 23957415 |
| does adding milk to tea delay gastric emptying? | many preoperative fasting guidelines suggest that hot tea or coffee with milk added should be considered similar to solid food, allowing an interval of 6 h before commencing anaesthesia. there is little evidence to support these instructions, with recent guidelines undecided on the issue. this study aimed to establish whether there was a clinically significant delay in gastric emptying associated with adding a modest amount of milk to tea. | 2014 | 23959782 |
| influences of crude extract of tea leaves, camellia sinensis, on streptozotocin diabetic male albino mice. | natural remedies from medicinal plants are considered to be effective and safe alternative treatment for diabetes mellitus. the aim of the present study was to investigate the hypoglycemic activity of the crude tea leaves extract on streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetic mice. the average body weight of animals with diabetes and their percentage changes of body weight gain after 15 and 30 days were significantly lower than that of the normal control mice. in diabetic mice, supplementation with te ... | 2010 | 23961092 |
| green tea (camellia sinesis) ameliorates female schistosoma mansoni-induced changes in the liver of balb/c mice. | this study was designed to assess the effect of green tea, an aqueous extract of camellia sinensis, on the oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system and liver pathology of schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. green tea at concentration of 3% (w/v) was given orally to treated mice as sole source of drinking water from the end of the 4th week to the end of 10th week post-infection; untreated mice were allowed to drink normal water. the data of the studied s. mansoni-infected mice exhibited a supp ... | 2011 | 23961148 |
| xerophilic aflatoxigenic black tea fungi and their inhibition by elettaria cardamomum and syzygium aromaticum extracts. | black tea is consumed worldwide and is believed to play a role in cancer prevention. xerophilic aflatoxigenic fungi are highly hazardous contaminants of tea since they are associated with tea quality impairment and human health risk. the present study reports isolation of such xerophilic and aflatoxigenic fungi associated with marketed tea. twenty different tea samples collected from the local markets of tamilnadu, india were investigated for fungal contamination. the results indicated contamina ... | 2011 | 23961151 |
| [pancreatic cancer and lifestyle factors]. | pancreatic cancer is a serious cancer with unfavorable prognosis. due to differences in the incidence of pancreatic cancer in different regions, it is clear that factors associated with lifestyle play an important role in the etiology. the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of selected lifestyle factors in relation to pancreatic cancer. | 2013 | 23961856 |
| antihypertensive medication and the effects of black tea on blood pressure variation. | 2013 | 23964057 | |
| black tea may be a prospective adjunct for calcium supplementation to prevent early menopausal bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis. | the present study was undertaken to find out the ability of black tea extract (bte) as a suitable alternative of adjunct for calcium supplementation in treating an ovariectomized rat model of early osteoporosis. female wistar rats weighing 140-150 g were divided into four groups consisting of six animals in each group: (a) sham-operated control; (b) bilaterally ovariectomized; (c) bilaterally ovariectomized + bte; (d) bilaterally ovariectomized + 17 β -estradiol. results suggest that bte could p ... | 2013 | 23984184 |
| proteomic insights into seed germination in response to environmental factors. | seed germination is a critical process in the life cycle of higher plants. during germination, the imbibed mature seed is highly sensitive to different environmental factors.however, knowledge about the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying the environmental effects on germination has been lacking. recent proteomic work has provided invaluable insight into the molecular processes in germinating seeds of arabidopsis, rice (oryza sativa), soybean (glycine max), barley (hordeum vulgare) ... | 2013 | 23986916 |
| polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of ctc black tea of north-east india. | sixty black tea samples from different agro climatic zones of northeast india were assessed for biochemical constituents that determine quality and also influence organoleptic perception. the antioxidant activities such as α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition, nitrite scavenging and super oxide scavenging, of the collected samples were analysed. out of the four antioxidant activities, the super oxide scavenging activity was lowest and nitrit ... | 2013 | 23993544 |
| bioactive components and preventive effect of green tea (camellia sinensis) extract on post-laparotomy intra-abdominal adhesion in rats. | adhesion formation is an important complication of abdomino-pelvic surgery. green tea (camellia sinensis) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects which prevent production and accumulation of collagen and, thus, may reduce adhesion formation. the present study examined the effect of green tea alcoholic extract on intra-abdominal adhesion formation. total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents as well as anti-oxidant activity were also evaluated. | 2013 | 23994005 |
| polysaccharides from chinese tea: recent advance on bioactivity and function. | tea (camellia sinensis) has a long history of medicinal use in asian countries such as china, japan, india and thailand as ancient as 500,000 years ago. tea is globally one of the most popular and lowest cost beverages, next only to water. tea leaves are popularly consumed with unfermented (green tea), semi-fermented (oolong tea), and fermented (black and puerh) forms. the chemical composition of tea mainly includes polyphenols (tpp), proteins, polysaccharides (tps), chlorophyll, and alkaloids. ... | 2013 | 23994784 |
| camellia sinensis neuroprotective role in experimentally induced hydrocephalus in wistar rats. | this study tested possible neuroprotective effects of camellia sinensis-extracted polyphenols in experimental hydrocephalus in young rats. | 2014 | 24005799 |
| serum adiponectin concentration in relation to macronutrient and food intake in young japanese women. | little is known about the relation of modifiable dietary factors to circulating adiponectin concentrations, particularly in young adults and non-western populations. the aim of this study was to determine the association between macronutrient and food intake and serum adiponectin concentration in a group of young japanese women. | 2015 | 24012281 |
| variation of photosynthesis, fatty acid composition, atpase and acid phosphatase activities, and anatomical structure of two tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) cultivars in response to fluoride. | the changes of photosynthetic parameters, water use efficiency (wue), fatty acid composition, chlorophyll (chl) content, malondialdehyde (mda) content, atpase and acid phosphatase activities, fluoride (f) content, and leaf anatomical structure of two tea cultivars, "pingyangtezao" (py) and "fudingdabai" (fd), after f treatments were investigated. the results show that net photosynthetic rate (p(n)), stomatal conductance (g(s)), and transpiration rate (e) significantly decreased in both cultivars ... | 2013 | 24023526 |
| tea polyphenols as novel and potent inhibitory substances against renin activity. | renin inhibitory activities of three tea products were investigated for the first time in this work. water extracts from fermented oolong and black tea showed strong renin inhibitory activities. by the means of ultrafiltration, gradient high performance liquid chromatography and spectroscopic analysis, four active compounds were separated from aqueous black tea extract and identified as theasinensin b, theasinensin c, strictinin, and a hexose sulfate with a galloyl moiety, which had ic50 values ... | 2013 | 24028635 |
| heterogeneous fenton-like oxidation of monochlorobenzene using green synthesis of iron nanoparticles. | iron nanoparticles (fe nps) were synthesized using tea extracts as a catalyst for the fenton-like oxidation of monochlorobenzene (mcb), where 69%, 53%, and 39% of mcb were, respectively, degraded by fe nps synthesized using green tea extracts, oolong tea extracts, and black tea extracts. fe nps synthesized using green tea extracts (gt-fe nps) demonstrated the best degradation since green tea contains a high concentration of caffeine/polyphenols used as both reducing and capping agents in the syn ... | 2013 | 24034218 |
| protective effects of ziyang tea polysaccharides on ccl4-induced oxidative liver damage in mice. | this study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of the tea polysaccharides (ztps) extracted from a selenium-enriched ziyang green tea (camellia sinensis). ztps were identified as the heteropolysaccharides with glucose (31.4%), arabinose (23.5%) and galactose (21.8%) being the main constitutive monosaccharides. ztps displayed noteworthy scavenging effects against dpph, oh and o2(-), and high antioxidant effects in vitro, and the effects were further verified by suppressing ccl ... | 2014 | 24054254 |
| stability of a cosmetic multiple emulsion loaded with green tea extract. | multiple emulsions are excellent and exciting potential systems for the delivery of useful cosmetic agents. the work describes stability of a multiple emulsion for cosmetic purpose, loaded with extract of camellia sinensis l. (theaceae) in concentration of 5%. the formulation constitutes of cetyl dimethicone copolyol and polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether as emulsifiers and was characterised and monitored for various physicochemical aspects. centrifugation has no devastating effect on physical des ... | 2013 | 24058284 |
| a novel green chemical route for synthesis of silver nanoparticles using camellia sinensis. | the thrust to develop environmental friendly procedures for production of nanoparticles arises from the very fact that current nanotechnology research uses a lot of chemicals, which are potential threat to both environment and public health. tea (camellia sinensis) with its rich source of polyphenolic compounds has been exploited for the reduction and capping of silver nanoparticles (ag-nps), making it a complete green chemical route. the reduction of ag+ to ag0 was observed by the color change ... | 2010 | 24061881 |
| green tea polyphenol decreases the severity of portosystemic collaterals and mesenteric angiogenesis in rats with liver cirrhosis. | abnormal angiogenesis in liver cirrhosis often leads to severe complications such as variceal haemorrhage and encephalopathy. furthermore, splanchnic angiogenesis elevates portal pressure, in which angiogenic factors play pivotal roles. gtp (green tea polyphenol) extracted from camellia sinensis has anti-angiogenic properties, but the effects on the parameters described above in cirrhosis have not been investigated. the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of gtp in cirrhosis an ... | 2014 | 24063570 |
| susceptibility against grey blight disease-causing fungus pestalotiopsis sp. in tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) cultivars is influenced by anti-oxidative enzymes. | reactive oxygen species (ros) production is the first level of response by a host during stress. even though the ros are toxic to cell, when present in a limited amount, they act as a signalling molecule for the expression of defence-related genes and later are scavenged by either enzymatic or non-enzymatic mechanisms of the host. the different anti-oxidative enzymes like glutathione reductase (gr), superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), ascorbate peroxidase (apo), peroxidase (pod) and poly ... | 2014 | 24068475 |
| effect of gambisan on the inhibition of adipogenesis in 3t3-l1 adipocytes. | this study was conducted to explore the antiadipogenic effect and possible mechanism of gambisan on 3t3-l1 cells. for quality control, gambisan was standardized by hplc and the standard compounds ephedrine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and caffeine were screened. cultured 3t3-l1 cells that had been induced to differentiate were treated with various concentrations of gambisan or its major component extracts (ephedra intermedia schrenk, atractylodes lancea dc., and thea sinensis l.) for 72 hours fo ... | 2013 | 24069055 |
| going green: the role of the green tea component egcg in chemoprevention. | tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide, and green tea is the least processed from the buds of the camellia sinensis plant. the most abundant component of green tea is (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), which has been the focus of many cell culture, animal and clinical trials, revealing that egcg possesses antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and chemopreventive effects. in this review we briefly summarize the mechanism of action(s) of the green ... | 2013 | 24077764 |
| soluble antioxidant compounds regenerate the antioxidants bound to insoluble parts of foods. | this study aimed to investigate the regeneration potential of antioxidant capacity of an insoluble food matrix. investigations were performed in vitro with several food matrices rich in dietary fiber (df) and bound antioxidants. after removal of the soluble fraction, the antioxidant capacity (ac) of the insoluble fraction was measured by the quencher procedure using abts(•+) or dpph(•) radicals. after measurement, the insoluble residue was washed out to remove the excess of radicals and treated ... | 2013 | 24093663 |
| green tea (camellia sinensis) administration induces expression of immune relevant genes and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | present study elucidates the efficacy of green tea (camellia sinensis) on growth performance, immune and antioxidant systems and cytokine gene expression in rainbow trout tissues. green tea was supplemented at 20, 100, and 500 mg kg(-1) diet and fed to fish (average weight: 23.5 g) for 35 days. no remarkable changes in growth performance were observed among all test groups. lower lipid peroxidation product and higher superoxide dismutase activity were noted in fish received the medium dose of gr ... | 2013 | 24096104 |
| purification, characterization and biological activities in vitro of polysaccharides extracted from tea seeds. | three polysaccharide fractions (ntsps, atsps1-1 and atsps2) were isolated and purified from the water extract of tea (camellia sinensis) seeds with yields of 32.74%, 25.22%, and 11.09%, respectively. the average molecular weight of ntsps, atsps1-1 and atsps2 was determined by hpgpc system, with an mw of 4.588, 500 and 100 kda, respectively. monosaccharide analysis by ion chromatography revealed they differed from each other in monosaccharide kinds and molar ratio. furthermore, atsps1-1 and atsps ... | 2013 | 24099943 |
| identification of mirnas and their targets in tea (camellia sinensis). | micrornas (mirnas) are endogenous small rnas playing a crucial role in plant growth and development, as well as stress responses. among them, some are highly evolutionally conserved in the plant kingdom, this provide a powerful strategy for identifying mirnas in a new species. tea (camellia sinensis) is one of the most important commercial beverage crops in the world, but only a limited number of mirnas have been identified. in the present study, a total of 14 new c. sinensis mirnas were identif ... | 2013 | 24101208 |
| effectiveness of cysteine proteases on protein/pigment film removal. | theaflavin (tf) from the black tea can react to human salivary proline-rich proteins (prps) to form stains on exposed dental surfaces. here, we employed a model of protein/pigment film using tf and dephosphorylated bovine β-casein (dβ-cn), which has an extended conformation, similar to that of salivary prps, on a sensor surface to assess the efficacy of cysteine proteases (cps) including papain, stem bromelain, and ficin, on removing tf bound to dβ-cn and the control tf readsorption on the resid ... | 2013 | 24112727 |
| simultaneous determination of four aflatoxins and ochratoxin a in ginger and related products by hplc with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean-up and postcolumn photochemical derivatization. | ginger, a widely used spice and traditional chinese medicine, is prone to be contaminated by mycotoxins. a simple, sensitive, and reproducible method based on immunoaffinity column clean-up coupled with hplc and on-line postcolumn photochemical derivatization with fluorescence detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins (afs) b1 , b2 , g1 , g2 , and ochratoxin a (ota) in 25 batches of gingers and related products marketed in china for the first time. the samples were ... | 2013 | 24115567 |
| effects of hibiscus sabdariffa l. on serum lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | prevention of cardiovascular disease by modifying its major risk factors, including serum cholesterol levels, is an important strategy. hibiscus sabdariffa l. has been promoted for reducing cholesterol levels, but its reported impact on cholesterol levels has been inconsistent. the study aimed to assess systematically the evidence and quality of current research on the effect of hibiscus sabdariffa l. on blood lipids and its adverse effects. | 2013 | 24120746 |
| effect of different drying methods on chemical composition and bioactivity of tea polysaccharides. | four polysaccharides (tps-f, tps-v, tps-s and tps-m) were obtained from tea (camellia sinensis) leaves by freeze-drying, vacuum-drying, spray-drying and microwave-vacuum drying, respectively. their chemical composition and biological properties were comparatively studied. the results showed these tps were similar in ir, uv absorption and distribution of molecular weight. however, they showed significant differences (p<0.05) in yields of crude polysaccharides and contents of protein and total pol ... | 2013 | 24120964 |
| the fortification of tea with sweeteners and milk and its effect on in vitro antioxidant potential of tea product and glutathione levels in an animal model. | several studies have demonstrated that tea flavonoids protect cells and tissues against free radicals which have been implicated in the etiology of oxidative stress-related disease disorders. however, black tea is commonly consumed with additives that could otherwise affect the bioavailability of the active tea molecules. in this study, the biochemical parameters of kenyan teas were determined and the effect of added milk and sweeteners on the antioxidant activity of kenyan teas was investigated ... | 2014 | 24128460 |
| determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked and non-smoked black teas and tea infusions. | this study describes the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in smoked tea and tea infusions, via the monitoring of benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene (pah4) that have been chosen as indicators for the occurrence of pahs in food by the european food safety agency. the concentrations ranged from 1.2 μg/kg for benzo(b)fluoranthene to 125.0 μg/kg for benzo(a)anthracene in smoked tea leaves, and from 0.6 μg/l for benzo(a)anthracene to 1.2 μg/l for ... | 2014 | 24128549 |
| dissipation kinetics of bifenazate in tea under tropical conditions. | field experiments were conducted during april and may of 2011 in valparai, coonoor and gudalur (tamil nadu, india) to determine the residues of bifenazate in black tea. from this study, residue levels of bifenazate at different harvest intervals, persistence, dissipation pattern during processing, rate constant and half-life values were calculated. residues of bifenazate dissipated exponentially after spraying and at gudalur trial, on the 16th day after application residues were below the maximu ... | 2014 | 24128589 |
| antimutagenic activity and preventive effect of black tea on buccal mucosa cancer. | a black tea product was evaluated for anti-mutagenic and in vivo anticancer effects. at concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 mg/plate, black tea exhibited anti-mutagenicity with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) in the salmonella typhimurium ta100 strain. a kunming (km) mouse buccal mucosa cancer model was established by injecting mice with u14 squamous cell carcinoma cells. following injection, the wound at the injection site was smeared with black tea. it was observed that the tumor volume ... | 2013 | 24137377 |
| graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric detection of vanadium in water and food samples after solid phase extraction on multiwalled carbon nanotubes. | vanadium(v) ions as 8-hydroxyquinoline chelates were loaded on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwnts) in a mini chromatographic column. vanadium was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (gfaas). various analytical parameters including ph of the working solutions, amounts of 8-hydroxyquinoline, eluent type, sample volume, and flow rates were investigated. the effects of matrix ions and some transition metals were also studied. the column can be reused 250 times without any ... | 2013 | 24148394 |
| time-resolved in-situ observation of starch polysaccharide degradation pathways. | analytical challenges in the direct time-resolved observation of starch metabolism have been addressed by using optimized multidimensional nmr experiments. starch provides the main source of human dietary energy intake and is a raw material for beverage and renewable fuel production. use of direct in situ observations of starch remodeling pathways could facilitate our understanding and control of processes of biotechnological, medical, and environmental relevance. processes involving starch synt ... | 2013 | 24166781 |
| interactions of black tea polyphenols with human gut microbiota: implications for gut and cardiovascular health. | epidemiologic studies have convincingly associated consumption of black tea with reduced cardiovascular risk. research on the bioactive molecules has traditionally been focused on polyphenols, such as catechins. black tea polyphenols (btps), however, mainly consist of high-molecular-weight species that predominantly persist in the colon. there, they can undergo a wide range of bioconversions by the resident colonic microbiota but can in turn also modulate gut microbial diversity. the impact of b ... | 2013 | 24172295 |
| cellular targets for the beneficial actions of tea polyphenols. | green and black teas contain different biologically active polyphenolic compounds that might offer protection against a variety of human diseases. although promising experimental and clinical data have shown protective effects, limited information is available on how these beneficial effects of tea polyphenols are mediated at the cellular level. evidence is accumulating that catechins in green tea as well as theaflavins and thearubigins from black tea are the substances responsible for the physi ... | 2013 | 24172299 |
| does tea prevent cancer? evidence from laboratory and human intervention studies. | tea (camellia sinensis) is a widely consumed beverage and has been extensively studied for its cancer-preventive activity. both the polyphenolic constituents as well as the caffeine in tea have been implicated as potential cancer-preventive compounds; the relative importance seems to depend on the cancer type. green tea and the green tea catechin have been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis at a number of organ sites and to be effective when administered either during the initiation or postinitiatio ... | 2013 | 24172300 |
| human studies on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of tea polyphenols. | recent research on the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols after ingestion of green tea by humans is reviewed. glucuronide, sulfate, and methyl metabolites of (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin glucuronide reach peak nanomolar per liter plasma concentrations 1.6-2.3 h after intake, indicating absorption in the small intestine. the concentrations then decline, and only trace amounts remain 8 h after ingestion. urinary excretion of metabolites over a 24-h period after green tea consumption correspon ... | 2013 | 24172307 |
| somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from the immature cotyledonary tissues of cultivated tea (camellia sinensis (l).o. kuntze). | embryogenic callus development, plant regeneration, and plant recovery were achieved from immature cotyledon explants of cultivated tea, when cultured on ms basal medium. the somatic embryo induction frequency was influenced when the medium was supplemented with 1 μm auxin (naa, noa, 2,4-d, tpb, and pboa) in combination with cytokinin (0.5 μm ba, kin) or 10% cm. the highest somatic embryo induction frequency was obtained using pboa + ba or pboa + kin treatments. all auxins except 2,4-d stimulate ... | 1996 | 24177554 |
| molecular cloning of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase cdna and classification of varieties and cultivars of tea plants (camellia sinensis) using the tea pal cdna probe. | tea (camellia sinensis) phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) cdna was cloned using labelled rice pal cdna as a probe. the pal genes of the tea plant were investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis using tea pal cdna. pal genetic variation in tea plants was much larger than predicted due to the presence of various hybridized fragments in the assam hybrids, which are hybrids between c. sinensis var 'assamica' and var 'sinensis'. on the other hand, hybridized band pattern ... | 1994 | 24178009 |
| in vitro regeneration of camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze by somatic embryogenesis. | within 3 weeks of culture, excised cotyledon expiants of camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze produced somatic embryos without intermediate callus when cultured in murashige and skoog's basal medium with 30 g(-1) sucrose. in medium without plant growth regulators, up to 60% of the cultures developed somatic embryos. embryogenic competence was reduced by increasing concentrations of plant growth regulators tested (i.e. kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine, and indole butyric acid). the somatic embryos develo ... | 1995 | 24185458 |
| tertiary combination of freeze-dried urine of indian breeds of cow with plant products against snail lymnaea acuminata. | snail lymnaea acuminata is the intermediate host of liver fluke fasciola gigantica, which cause endemic fasciolosis among cattle population of eastern uttar pradesh. control of snail population by molluscicides is one of the effective methods to control fasciolosis. in the present study molluscicidal activity of tertiary combination of freeze-dried urine of different indian breeds of cow sahiwal, geer and tharparkar with annona squamosa seed powder, ferula asafoetida root latex, azadirachta indi ... | 2012 | 24199478 |
| rapid tea catechins and caffeine determination by hplc using microwave-assisted extraction and silica monolithic column. | a rapid reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method using a monolithic column for the determination of eight catechin monomers and caffeine was developed. using a mobile phase of water:acetonitrile:methanol (83:6:11) at a flow rate of 1.4 ml min(-1), the catechins and caffeine were isocratically separated in about 7 min. the limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.11-0.29 and 0.33-0.87 mg l(-1), respectively. satisfactory recoveries were obtained (94.2-105 ... | 2014 | 24206716 |
| micropropagation of an elite darjeeling tea clone. | shoot cultures of camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntz var. t-78, an elite darjeeling tea clone, were established from cotyledonary nodes and shoot tips of germinated seedlings as well as from nodal explants of field grown plants. shoot multiplication rate ranged from 4x in nodal explants to 35x in cotyledonary nodes after 18 weeks of culture. rooting was achieved in 80-90% micro-shoots by either placing them on an inductive medium for 10 d and then transferring shoots to hormone-free medium, or by t ... | 1992 | 24213495 |
| effects of tea consumption on renal function in a metropolitan chinese population: the guangzhou biobank cohort study. | green tea consumption has been associated with many prophylactic health benefits. this study examined for the first time associations between tea consumption and renal function in a chinese population. | 2014 | 24216256 |
| production of theanine and other γ-glutamyl derivatives by camellia sinensis cultured cells. | the maximum theanine production by camellia sinensis cultured cells was achieved by culturing in the modified ms medium containing 2 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid, 0.1 mg/l kinetin, 0 mm nh4no3 and 39.6 mm kno3 with 40 mm ethylamine hydrochloride or 20 mm ethylamine hydrochloride and 10 mm l-glutamic acid. other primary amines, such as methylamine, n-butylamine, 2-hydroxyethylamine, 2cyanoethylamine, aniline, benzylamine and phenylethylamine, were also biotransformed to n(5)-alkyl-l-glutamine deriv ... | 1990 | 24226431 |
| reduced risk of dyslipidaemia with oolong tea consumption: a population-based study in southern china. | experimental studies have suggested that tea consumption could lower the risk of dyslipidaemia. however, epidemiological evidence is limited, especially in southern china, where oolong tea is the most widely consumed beverage. we conducted a population-based case-control study to evaluate the association between consumption of tea, especially oolong tea, and risk of dyslipidaemia in shantou, southern china, from 2010 to 2011. information on tea consumption, lifestyle characteristics and food con ... | 2014 | 24229494 |
| oxidative stress reduced by a green tea concentrate and capsicum combination: synergistic effects. | reactive oxygen species that are produced by aerobic metabolism and signaling cascades have the potential to play important roles in maintaining homeostatic redox and cell proliferation. when the balance between the production and elimination of reactive oxygen species is perturbed toward production, the result is oxidative stress. high levels of oxidative stress are a general characteristic of cancer. the altered redox state within a tumor microenvironment confers a growth advantage through inc ... | 2013 | 24237187 |
| a preliminary investigation of the jack-bean urease inhibition by randomly selected traditionally used herbal medicine. | helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection leads to different clinical and pathological outcomes in humans, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric neoplasia and even gastric cancer and its eradiation dependst upon multi-drug therapy. the most effective therapy is still unknown and prompts people to make great efforts to find better and more modern natural or synthetic anti-h. pylori agents. in this report 21 randomly selected herbal methanolic extracts were evaluated for th ... | 2012 | 24250509 |
| green tea (camellia sinensis) supplementation to diabetic rats improves serum and hepatic oxidative stress markers. | diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders and is interrelated to oxidative stress-induced diseases. according to the role of dietary antioxidants in control and prevention of diabetes, this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of green tea extract on serum glucose levels and serum and hepatic total antioxidant capacity (tac) and lipid (mda) in diabetic rats. experimental diabetes in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). alcoholic extract of gr ... | 2013 | 24250578 |
| identification of native catechin fatty acid esters in green tea (camellia sinensis). | catechins are potent antioxidants and make up the primary class of polyphenols present in tea (camellia sinensis). they are especially abundant in the less-fermented green teas that have been employed in various foods to enhance shelf life stability (senanayake, n. j. funct. foods 2013, in press. gramza, a.; korczak, j. trends food sci. 2005, 16, 351-358). the antioxidative activity of native (polar) catechins has proven to be useful in foods of relatively high polarity, while mixed results have ... | 2013 | 24251649 |
| the benefits and risks of consuming brewed tea: beware of toxic element contamination. | background. increasing concern is evident about contamination of foodstuffs and natural health products. methods. common off-the-shelf varieties of black, green, white, and oolong teas sold in tea bags were used for analysis in this study. toxic element testing was performed on 30 different teas by analyzing (i) tea leaves, (ii) tea steeped for 3-4 minutes, and (iii) tea steeped for 15-17 minutes. results were compared to existing preferred endpoints. results. all brewed teas contained lead with ... | 2013 | 24260033 |
| characterisation of odorant compounds and their biochemical formation in green tea with a low temperature storage process. | we produced low temperature (15 °c) processed green tea (ltpgt) with higher aroma contents than normal green tea (sencha). normal temperature processed green tea (ntpgt), involved storing at 25 °c, and sencha had no storing process. sensory evaluation showed ltpgt had higher levels of floral and sweet odorants than ntpgt and sencha. aroma extract dilution analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry indicated ltpgt had 12 aroma compounds with high factor dilution values (fd). a ... | 2014 | 24262573 |
| balancing virtual land imports by a shift in the diet. using a land balance approach to assess the sustainability of food consumption. germany as an example. | nutrition is considered as one of the main drivers of global environmental change. dietary patterns in particular, embedded in the international trade of foods and other biomass based commodities, determine the dimension of beneficial or harmful environmental impacts of the agri-food sector - both domestically and abroad. in this study we analysed different dietary scenarios from a virtual land flow perspective, based on representative consumption data for germany in the years 2006 and 1985-89. ... | 2014 | 24269506 |
| whitening effect of black tea water extract on brown guinea pig skin. | to evaluate the whitening effect of black tea water extract (bt), bt was topically applied to artificially hyperpigmented spots on the back skins of brown guinea-pigs (weight: 450~500 g) induced by 1,500 mj/ cm(2) of ultraviolet b (uvb) irradiation. the test compounds of 30 μl were applied twice a day, six days a week, for four weeks. the artificially hyperpigmented spots were divided into 5 groups: control (uvb + saline, c), vehicle control [uvb + propylene glycol: ethanol: water (5 : 3 : 2), v ... | 2011 | 24278566 |
| epigallocatechin-3-gallate-capped ag nanoparticles: preparation and characterization. | we used an aqueous leaf extract of camellia sinensis to synthesize ag nanoparticles (agnps). a layer of ca. 6 nm around a group of the agnps in which the inner layer is bound to the agnps surface via the hydroxyl groups of catechin has been observed. tem analysis of agnps showed the formation of truncated triangular nanoplates and/or nanodisks and spherical with some irregular-shaped polydispersed nanoparticles in absence and presence of shape-directing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. the polyph ... | 2014 | 24297160 |
| floral transcriptome sequencing for ssr marker development and linkage map construction in the tea plant (camellia sinensis). | despite the worldwide consumption and high economic importance of tea, the plant (camellia sinensis) is not well studied in molecular biology. under the few circumstances in which the plant is studied, c. sinensis flowers, which are important for reproduction and cross-breeding, receive less emphasis than investigation of its leaves or roots. using high-throughput illumina rna sequencing, we analyzed a c. sinensis floral transcriptome, and 26.9 million clean reads were assembled into 75,531 unig ... | 2013 | 24303059 |
| l-theanine (suntheanin): effects of l-theanine, an amino acid derived from camellia sinensis (green tea), on stress response parameters. | 2013 | 24304633 | |
| dietary patterns associated with magnetic resonance imaging-determined liver fat content in a general population study. | the association between diet and fatty liver disease (fld) has predominantly been analyzed for single nutrients or foods, and findings have been inconsistent. | 2014 | 24305680 |
| phytochemical screening and antimicrobial properties of a common brand of black tea (camellia sinensis) marketed in nigerian environment. | this study is aimed at determining chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of a common brand of black tea (lipton®) in nigeria. | 2012 | 24312803 |
| extraction of polyphenols from black tea--conventional and ultrasound assisted extraction. | products from plant raw materials gain increasing importance in food-, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. by way of contrast, due to lack of detailed physico-chemical fundamentals, existing production processes are economically not optimal designed. this leads to a need for deeper understanding of the processes and furthermore a systematic process and equipment design for the potentially applicable extraction techniques. using the example of polyphenol extraction from black tea (kenya), the ... | 2014 | 24315029 |
| coffee, tea, and cocoa and risk of stroke. | current evidence from experimental studies in animals and humans along with findings from prospective studies indicates beneficial effects of green and black tea as well as chocolate on cardiovascular health, and that tea and chocolate consumption may reduce the risk of stroke. the strongest evidence exists for beneficial effects of tea and cocoa on endothelial function, total and ldl cholesterol (tea only), and insulin sensitivity (cocoa only). the majority of prospective studies have reported ... | 2014 | 24326448 |
| camellia sinensis (tea): implications and role in preventing dental decay. | tea is one of the most commonly consumed beverages with bioactive compounds like polyphenols-flavonoids-catechins, which are thought to be responsible for the health benefits that have traditionally been attributed to the tea. these compounds have multi-dimensional effects such as antibacterial action, inhibitory action on the bacterial and salivary amylase and inhibition of acid production. this article outlines the possible role of these compounds coupled with the presence of high fluoride con ... | 2013 | 24347923 |
| evaluation of dextrose water, black tea and orange juice on histopathologic recovery of surgery-induced intestinal damage in rabbits. | the increase in intestinal permeability following damage to the intestinal mucosa in any surgical procedure, trauma or fasting is well- known. | 2012 | 24350105 |
| efficacy of tooth bleaching with the prior application of a desensitizing agent. | in the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of bleaching on enamel and opposite dentin surfaces using 35% hydrogen peroxide (hp) with the prior application of a desensitizing agent. | 2015 | 24357604 |
| development of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for analysis of polyphenolic compounds in liquid samples of grape juice, green tea and coffee. | a simple and fast method for the analysis of a wide range of polyphenolic compounds in juice, tea, and coffee samples was developed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). the method was based on a simple sample preparation "dilute and shoot" approach, and lc-ms/ms quantification using genistein-d4 as an internal standard. the performance of six different syringeless filter devices was tested for sample preparation. the method was evaluated for recoveries of polyphenols ... | 2014 | 24360423 |
| a comparative study of the antioxidant scavenging activity of green tea, black tea and coffee extracts: a kinetic approach. | the antioxidant activities of three beverages, coffee, black tea and green tea, along with their major components, were investigated in terms of their reaction with the stable radical 2,2'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph). we used a kinetic approach in parallel with quantification methods based on a fixed end-point to determine the scavenging efficiency of compounds abundant in these beverages during their reaction with dpph using a stopped-flow spectrophotometer-based method. ascorbic acid, (+) ... | 2014 | 24360473 |
| evaluation of the protective effect of ilex paraguariensis and camellia sinensis extracts on the prevention of oxidative damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. | we evaluated the effects green and mate teas on oxidative and dna damages in rats exposed to ultraviolet radiation. were utilized 70 adult male wistar rats that received daily oral or topic green or mate tea treatment during exposed to radiation by seven days. after, animals were killed by decapitation. thiobarbituric acid-reactive species levels, protein oxidative damage were evaluated in skin and dna damage in blood. our results show that the rats exposed to ultraviolet radiation presented dna ... | 2014 | 24361697 |
| effect of white tea (camellia sinensis (l.)) extract in the glycolytic profile of sertoli cell. | many health benefits have been attributed to tea (camellia sinensis (l.)), and tea infusions are used as dietary agent and included in food supplements. herein, we report the effect of a white tea (wtea) extract in sertoli cell (sc) metabolism. the sc is responsible for the nutritional support of the developing germ cells. | 2014 | 24363139 |
| iranian black tea and cowslip extracts induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion from mouse macrophage cell culture. | many species of tea (camellia sinensis) and cowslip (echium amoenum) are used in iranian traditional medicine. the aim of this study was to conduct the survey on the ability of iranian black tea and cowslip extracts on secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) by non-infected and infected mouse macrophages. a macrophage infection model with legionella pneumophila and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique was used in this study. research showed that the concentrations of ... | 2010 | 24363711 |
| white tea as a promising antioxidant medium additive for sperm storage at room temperature: a comparative study with green tea. | storage of sperm under refrigeration reduces its viability, due to oxidative unbalance. unfermented teas present high levels of catechin derivatives, known to reduce oxidative stress. this study investigated the effect of white tea (wtea) on epididymal spermatozoa survival at room temperature (rt), using green tea (gtea) for comparative purposes. the chemical profiles of wtea and gtea aqueous extracts were evaluated by (1)h nmr. (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate was the most abundant catechin, bein ... | 2014 | 24372402 |
| extraction of al, cu, fe, mn, ni and zn--polyphenol complexes from black tea infusions by amberlite resins. | metals can be present in tea infusion as ions or as complexes with endogenous bioligands naturally occurring in tea, especially with polyphenols. their chemical form, i.e. free or metal complexes, can affect their actual bioavailability, gastrointestinal absorption and possible toxicity. | 2014 | 24374716 |
| [new directions of research related to chronic wound healing]. | optimal nutrition, immunological state and psychological condition play an important role in the process of chronic wound healing. infections caused by pathogens resistant to commonly used antibiotics additionally complicate and disturb regeneration of wounds. as part of the treatment, modern wound dressings are used, for example designed on the basis of alginates, dextranomers, hydrogels, hydrofiber, polyurethanes foams, hydrocolloids and liquids for wound debridement such us 0.9% nacl, the pwe ... | 2013 | 24377187 |
| reduced testosterone production in tm3 leydig cells treated with aspalathus linearis (rooibos) or camellia sinensis (tea). | flavonoids are major compounds of aspalathus linearis and camellia sinensis. they are classified as endocrine disruptors and some have been shown to inhibit testosterone production. tm3 leydig cell cultures were treated with 250-5000 μg ml(-1) a. linearis (unfermented or fermented rooibos) or camellia sinensis (green or black tea) for 24 h in the absence or presence of 6 miu/200 μl human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg). under nonstimulated conditions, all teas tend to decrease testosterone producti ... | 2015 | 24387279 |
| association of tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer: a meta-analysis. | epidemiological studies evaluating the association of tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between tea consumption and oral cancer risk. | 2014 | 24389399 |
| effects of plant extracts on the reversal of glucose-induced impairment of stress-resistance in caenorhabditis elegans. | enhanced blood glucose levels are a hallmark of diabetes and are associated with diabetic complications and a reduction of lifespan. in order to search for plant extracts that display preventive activities in such a scenario, we tested 16 extracts used in human nutrition for their survival enhancing activities in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. nematodes were exposed for 48 h to 10 mm glucose in the absence or presence of 0.1% extract. thereafter, survival was measured at 37 °c. extracts ma ... | 2014 | 24390728 |
| a preliminary investigation of anticholinesterase activity of some iranian medicinal plants commonly used in traditional medicine. | the aim of this study was to evaluate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some commonly used herbal medicine in iran to introduce a new source for management of alzheimer's disease. a total of 18 aqueous-methanolic extract (1:1; v/v) from the following plants: brassica alba, brassica nigra, camellia sinensis, cinchona officinalis, citrus aurantifolia, citrus x aurantium, ferula assafoetida, humulus lupulus, juglans regia, juniperus sabina, myristica fragrans, pelargonium graveolens, pist ... | 2014 | 24401532 |
| trace level voltammetric determination of heavy metals and total mercury in tea matrices (camellia sinensis). | an analytical procedure regarding the voltammetric determination of mercury(ii), copper(ii), lead(ii), cadmium(ii) and zinc(ii) by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (swasv) in matrices involved in food chain is proposed. in particular, tea leaves were analyzed as real samples. the digestion of each matrix was carried out using a concentrated hcl-hno3-h2so4 acidic attack mixture; 0.01 mol l(-1) edta-na2+ 0.15 mol l(-1) nacl + 0.5 mol l(-1) hcl was employed as the supporting electrolyte. th ... | 2013 | 24416778 |
| quantitative analysis of catechin, flavonoid, and saponin constituents in "tea flower", the flower buds of camellia sinensis, from different regions in taiwan. | using the recently developed two analytical protocols, distributions were analyzed of five catechins (1-5), ten flavonoids (6-15), caffeine (16), and nine saponins (17-25) in 12 samples of flower buds of camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze, collected at different points in taiwan. characteristic tendencies with respect to the distribution of these constituents were observed according to the region of collection. among the catechins, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-o-gallate (5) was the major constituent in ... | 2013 | 24427940 |
| 8-c n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted flavan-3-ols as the marker compounds of chinese dark teas formed in the post-fermentation process provide significant antioxidative activity. | phytochemical investigation of the aqueous extract of pu-erh tea afforded eight novel 8-c n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted flavan-3-ols (puerins i-viii) by (1)h, (13)c, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (hplc-dad-esi/ms) analysis. comparative chemical analysis of green tea, black tea and chinese dark teas confirmed that these compounds were the marker compounds of ... | 2014 | 24444972 |