Publications

[selectively desulfurizing organic sulfur of diesel oil by resting cells].	rhodococcus sp. fs-1 ,which can specially break the c[single bond]s bond of dibenzothiophene (dbt) and convert dbt into 2-hydrobenzophene by "4s" pathway, is used to decrease the sulfur content in diesel oil. this research focuses on the diesel oil desulfurization using resting cells of rhodococcus sp. fs-1. the research result indicate that the desulfurization activity of the resting cells of rhodococcus sp. fs-1 was strongly high. when the concentration of dbt was 0.5 - 1.0mmol/l and the ratio ...	2005	15861535
the iron-regulated iupabc operon is required for saprophytic growth of the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi at low iron concentrations.	rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen which proliferates rapidly in both manure-enriched soil and alveolar macrophages. although both environments are characterized by extremely low concentrations of free iron, very little is known regarding the strategies employed by r. equi to thrive under these conditions. this paper reports the characterization of an r. equi transposome mutant that fails to grow at low iron concentrations. the transposome was shown to be inserted into iupa ...	2005	15866930
isolation and characterization of a diverse group of phenylacetic acid degrading microorganisms from pristine soil.	a diverse range of microorganisms capable of growth on phenylacetic acid as the sole source of carbon and energy were isolated from soil. sixty six different isolates were identified and grouped according to 16s rrna gene rflp analysis. subsequent sequencing of 16s rdna from selected strains allowed further characterization of the phenylacetic acid degrading population isolated from soil. nearly half (30) of the isolates are bacillus species while the rest of the isolates are strains from a vari ...	2005	15869782
rhodococcus yunnanensis sp. nov., a mesophilic actinobacterium isolated from forest soil.	a gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, mesophilic strain, designated yim 70056(t), was isolated from a forest soil sample in yunnan province, china. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that this isolate had less than 97.0 % similarity to any rhodococcus species with validly published names, with the exception of rhodococcus fascians (dsm 20669(t)), which was found to be its closest neighbour (98.9 % similarity). chemotaxonomic data, including peptidoglycan type, diagno ...	2005	15879245
reclassification of nocardia corynebacterioides serrano et al. 1972 (approved lists 1980) as rhodococcus corynebacterioides comb. nov.	the type strain of nocardia corynebacterioides was the subject of a polyphasic taxonomic study. the 16s rrna gene sequence was aligned with the sequences of representatives of the genera corynebacterium, dietzia, gordonia, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, skermania, tsukamurella and williamsia, and phylogenetic trees were constructed by using maximum-parsimony, maximum-likelihood and neighbour-joining methods. it was evident from the phylogenetic analysis that n. corynebacterioides represen ...	2005	15879280
the effect of whole cell immobilisation on the biotransformation of benzonitrile and the use of direct electric current for enhanced product removal.	the nitrilase of rhodococcus rhodochrous performs a one-step biotransformation of nitriles to their corresponding carboxylic acids. application of a direct electric current moves the charged carboxylic acid towards an anode, across an anion exchange membrane, into a separate compartment. cells encapsulated within alginate beads (2.9 mm diameter) for protection against the current biotransformed benzonitrile to benzoic acid with a 26% reduction in the biotransformation rate, from 0.054 mmol/min/g ...	2005	15880828
microbial metabolism of 2-chlorophenol, phenol and rho-cresol by rhodococcus erythropolis m1 in co-culture with pseudomonas fluorescens p1.	chlorophenolic waste most often contains phenol and rho-cresol along with chlorophenols. a rhodococcus erythropolis strain m1 was isolated with the ability to degrade 2-chlorophenol, phenol and p-cresol (100 mgl(-1), each) in 18, 24 and 20 h, respectively, with negligible lag. however, rhodococcus sp. characterized by low growth rate, pose a threat to be outgrown by bacteria occurring in natural habitats. in the present study, interaction of r. erythropolis m1 with another isolated bacteria gene ...	2005	15881826
characterization of clinical isolates of pathogenic nocardia strains and related actinomycetes in thailand from 1996 to 2003.	in thailand from 1996 to 2003, 171 strains of pathogenic aerobic actinomycetes from clinical specimens were isolated. of those strains, 134 were mycolic acid containing actinomycetes, including 96 strains of nocardia species. others included 10 strains of gordonia, 14 strains of rhodococcus, and 22 strains of mycobacterium. one strain each of the genera tsukamurella and corynebacterium were also isolated. also identified were 27 strains of non-mycolic acid containing actinomycetes. our identific ...	2005	15883719
[necrotizing pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi in non hiv immunocompromised host. case report and review].	rhodococcus equi, is a grampositive intracellular bacillus, that causes infection mainly in immunocompromised hosts. we report the case of a 52 years old woman, with a systemic lupus erythematosus and a progressive 10 months evolution with cough, dyspnea, mucous-purulent sputum, occasionally hemoptysis, intermittent fever, and weight loss of 10%. with partial response to antibiotic treatment, radiological evolution of thoracic scanners evidenced the development of multiple bilateral areas of con ...	2005	15891796
study of serum amyloid a concentrations as a means of achieving early diagnosis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia.	prognosis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia can be challenging because the course of the disease is often insidious and overt clinical signs are subtle. early diagnosis is considered desirable because it may offer the chance of more successful implementation of treatment and, thereby, improved outcome. serological tests have previously failed to be accurate for early detection or diagnosis. measurement of serum amyloid a (saa) prior to and at the time of clinical signs was therefore chosen in order ...	2005	15892228
polymerase chain reaction for identification of aldoxime dehydratase in aldoxime- or nitrile-degrading microorganisms.	we developed a molecular screening procedure using southern hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to identify aldoxime dehydratase (oxd) encoding genes (oxds) among 14 aldoxime- or nitrile-degrading microorganisms. when an oxd gene of rhodococcus erythropolis n-771 was used as a probe, positive hybridization signals were seen with the chromosomal dna of eight strains, suggesting that these strains have similar oxd genes to r. erythoropolis n-771. by analyzing the pcr-amplified fragme ...	2005	15899412
molecular analyses of mycobacteria other than the m. tuberculosis complex isolated from northern ireland cattle.	mycobacteria other than the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mott), isolated from northern ireland cattle, were identified by pcr amplification of the 16s rrna gene, and subsequent reverse cross blot hybridisation and sequence analyses. elucidation of the mott species was to facilitate specificity testing of new and existing diagnostic test reagents for bovine tuberculosis. the presence of the genes for potential diagnostic antigens: mpb70, mpb64, esat-6 and cfp-10 in the isolated mott specie ...	2005	15917138
the two-phase water/silicon oil bioreactor prospects in off-gas treatment.	research was carried out to develop a biphasic biologic reactor able to clean the gas effluents polluted by volatile organic compounds. initially, rhodococcus erythropolis t 902.1 was selected on the basis of its capacity to degrade isopropylbenzene (ipb). the effect of gas flow and ipb concentration on the biodegradation of ipb was evaluated. the results show that the use of silicon oil allows large quantities of ipb to be absorbed within the medium of biologic abatement. on the other hand, the ...	2005	15920274
catabolism of mesamoll, a technical formulation of alkylsulfonic acid phenyl esters, by two strains of rhodococcus rhodochrous.	the bacterial catabolism of a technical formulation of alkylsulfonic acid phenyl esters employed as a general purpose plasticizer, mesamoll, was elucidated. two strains of the genus rhodococcus were found able to utilize this substrate mixture as sole source of carbon and energy. growth experiments along with enzymatic measurements indicated that both strains utilized the phenol that was released from the corresponding alkylsulfonic acid phenyl ester-probably by enzymatic hydrolysis catalyzed by ...	2005	15921896
nonconventional hydrolytic dehalogenation of 1-chlorobutane by dehydrated bacteria in a continuous solid-gas biofilter.	rhodococcus erythropolis ncimb 13064 and xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 are able to catalyze the conversion of halogenated hydrocarbons to their corresponding alcohols. these strains are attractive biocatalysts for gas phase remediation of polluted gaseous effluents because of their complementary specificity for short or medium and for mono-, di-, or trisubstituted halogenated hydrocarbons (c2-c8 for rhodococcus erythropolis and c1-c4 for xanthobacter autotrophicus). after dehydration, these ba ...	2005	15929125
catabolism of benzoate and phthalate in rhodococcus sp. strain rha1: redundancies and convergence.	genomic and proteomic approaches were used to investigate phthalate and benzoate catabolism in rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading actinomycete. sequence analyses identified genes involved in the catabolism of benzoate (ben) and phthalate (pad), the uptake of phthalate (pat), and two branches of the beta-ketoadipate pathway (catrabc and pcajihgblfr). the regulatory and structural ben genes are separated by genes encoding a cytochrome p450. the pad and pat genes are ...	2005	15937168
evaluation of a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and quantitation of virulent rhodococcus equi.	to evaluate a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assay in the detection and quantitation of virulent rhodococcus equi.	2005	15940818
adventitious reactions of alkene monooxygenase reveal common reaction pathways and component interactions among bacterial hydrocarbon oxygenases.	alkene monooxygenase (amo) from rhodococcus rhodochrous (formerly nocardia corallina) b-276 belongs to a family of multicomponent nonheme binuclear iron-centre oxygenases that includes the soluble methane monooxygenases (smmos) found in some methane-oxidizing bacteria. the enzymes catalyse the insertion of oxygen into organic substrates (mostly hydrocarbons) at the expense of o2 and nad(p)h. amo is remarkable in its ability to oxidize low molecular-mass alkenes to their corresponding epoxides wi ...	2005	15943801
management and visualization of whole genome shotgun assemblies using sam.	we have designed and implemented a system to manage whole genome shotgun sequences and whole genome sequence assembly data flow. the sequence assembly manager (sam) consists primarily of a mysql relational database and perl applications designed to easily manipulate and coordinate the analysis of sequence information and to view and report genome assembly progress through its common gateway interface (cgi) web interface. the application includes a tool to compare sequence assemblies to fingerpri ...	2005	15945370
biodegradation and rhodococcus--masters of catabolic versatility.	the genus rhodococcus is a very diverse group of bacteria that possesses the ability to degrade a large number of organic compounds, including some of the most difficult compounds with regard to recalcitrance and toxicity. they achieve this through their capacity to acquire a remarkable range of diverse catabolic genes and their robust cellular physiology. rhodococcus appear to have adopted a strategy of hyper-recombination associated with a large genome. notably, they harbour large linear plasm ...	2005	15961029
phenylacetate catabolism in rhodococcus sp. strain rha1: a central pathway for degradation of aromatic compounds.	in gram-negative bacteria, a pathway for aerobic degradation of phenylacetic acid (paa) that proceeds via phenylacetyl-coenzyme a (coa) and hydrolytic ring fission plays a central role in the degradation of a range of aromatic compounds. in contrast, the paa pathway and its role are not well characterized in gram-positive bacteria. a cluster including 13 paa genes encoding enzymes orthologous to those of gram-negative bacteria was identified on the chromosome of rhodococcus sp. strain rha1. thes ...	2005	15968060
in vitro activity of citropin 1.1 alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against rhodococcus equi.	the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activity of citropin 1.1, an antimicrobial peptide derived from the australian tree frog litoria citropa, alone and in combination with ampicillin, ceftriaxone, doxycycline, netilmicin, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, linezolid, vancomycin, clarithromycin and imipenem against 12 nosocomial isolates of rhodococcus equi.	2005	15983026
gas vesicles in actinomycetes: old buoys in novel habitats?	gas vesicles are gas-filled prokaryotic organelles that function as flotation devices. this enables planktonic cyanobacteria and halophilic archaea to position themselves within the water column to make optimal use of light and nutrients. few terrestrial microbes are known to contain gas vesicles. genome sequences that have become available recently for many bacteria from non-planktonic habitats reveal gas vesicle gene clusters in members of the actinomycete genera streptomyces, frankia and rhod ...	2005	15993071
the absence of rhodococcus equi in mongolian horses.	in native mongolian horses, the incidence and distribution of rhodococcus equi are poorly understood. one hundred and fourteen equine fecal samples and 71 soil samples were collected from the camp sites of 26 nomadic families located in three areas less than 100 km from ulaanbaatar, mongolia. five fecal samples were also collected from foals of przewalski's horses introduced into the hustai national park, mongolia. no r. equi was isolated from the mongolian horses or the soil samples. however, t ...	2005	15997190
maturation of rhodococcus equi-containing vacuoles is arrested after completion of the early endosome stage.	rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterium that can cause bronchopneumonia in foals and aids patients. here, we have analyzed r. equi-containing vacuoles (rcvs) in murine macrophages by confocal laser scanning microscopy, by transmission electron microscopy and by immunochemistry upon purification. we show that rcvs progress normally through the early stages of phagosome maturation acquiring pi3p, early endosome antigen-1, and rab5, and loosing all or much of them within minutes. ...	2005	15998320
rhodococcus triatomae sp. nov., isolated from a blood-sucking bug.	two bacterial isolates, strains immib riv-085(t) and immib riv-095, isolated from a blood-sucking bug of the genus triatoma, were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of cell-wall chemotype iv and mycolic acids consistent with the genus rhodococcus. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the two isolates are genealogically highly related (100% sequence similarity) and constitute a new subline within the genus r ...	2005	16014484
novel mycolic acid-containing bacteria in the family segniliparaceae fam. nov., including the genus segniliparus gen. nov., with descriptions of segniliparus rotundus sp. nov. and segniliparus rugosus sp. nov.	four strains of novel, rapidly growing, acid-alcohol-fast-staining bacteria were characterized with a polyphasic approach. isolates were received by the centers for disease control and prevention from domestic health department laboratories for reference testing as unidentifiable, clinical mycobacteria. bacteria were rod-shaped and produced non-pigmented (white to beige), non-photochromogenic, smooth or wrinkled-rough colonies on middlebrook 7h10 and 7h11 media at 33 degrees c. the smooth and wr ...	2005	16014491
endosulfan degradation by a rhodococcus strain isolated from earthworm gut.	a rhodococcus mtcc 6716 bacterial strain was isolated apparently for the first time from the gut microflora of an indian earthworm (metaphire posthuma). endosulfan was used as a carbon source by the strain and degraded it up to 92.58% within 15 days. furthermore, the isolated strain of the bacterium did not produce the persistent form of the toxic metabolite endosulfan sulfate. this strain exhibits luxury growth in minimal medium with high concentrations of endosulfan (80 microg ml(-1)). degrada ...	2006	16029891
distribution of rhodococcus equi in animals, birds and from the environment.		1987	16031395
the association between weather, frenzied behaviour, percutaneous invasion by strongyloides westeri larvae and rhodococcus equi disease in foals.	episodes of frenzy lasting approximately 30 minutes were observed among horses confined to enclosures surfaced with sand or soil. the probability of sighting these episodes increased by a factor of three when within 24 hours there was 0.2mm or more of rain, a maximum air temperature between 16.7 - 26.6 degrees c and a soil temperature of 16.3 - 23.9 degrees c at 30 cm. high egg counts of strongyloides westeri appeared in faeces four to five days later and persisted for several days. rhodococcus ...	1989	16031523
isolation of a bacterium that degrades urethane compounds and characterization of its urethane hydrolase.	a bacterium which degrades urethane compounds was isolated and identified as rhodococcus equi strain tb-60. strain tb-60 degraded toluene-2,4-dicarbamic acid dibutyl ester (tdcb) and accumulated toluene diamine as the degradation product. the enzyme which cleaves urethane bond in tdcb was strongly induced by acetanilide. the purified enzyme (urethane hydrolase) was found to be homogeneous on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the molecular weight was estimated to be 55 kd ...	2006	16041575
structure of an atypical epoxide hydrolase from mycobacterium tuberculosis gives insights into its function.	epoxide hydrolases are vital to many organisms by virtue of their roles in detoxification, metabolism and processing of signaling molecules. the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome encodes an unusually large number of epoxide hydrolases, suggesting that they might be of particular importance to these bacteria. we report here the first structure of an epoxide hydrolase from m.tuberculosis, solved to a resolution of 2.5 a using single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (sad) from a selenomethionine-sub ...	2005	16051262
genetic diversity of culturable bacteria in oil-contaminated rhizosphere of galega orientalis.	a collection of 50 indigenous meta-toluate tolerating bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated rhizosphere of galega orientalis on selective medium was characterized and identified by classical and molecular methods. 16s rdna partial sequencing showed the presence of five major lineages of the bacteria domain. gram-positive rhodococcus, bacillus and arthrobacter and gram-negative pseudomonas were the most abundant genera. only one-fifth of the strains that tolerated m-toluate also degraded m-tolu ...	2006	16055251
degradation of aflatoxin b(1) by cell-free extracts of rhodococcus erythropolis and mycobacterium fluoranthenivorans sp. nov. dsm44556(t).	biological degradation of aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1)) by rhodococcus erythropolis was examined in liquid cultures and in cell-free extracts. dramatic reduction of afb(1) was observed during incubation in the presence of r. erythropolis cells (17% residual afb(1) after 48 h and only 3-6% residual afb(1) after 72 h). cell-free extracts of four bacterial strains, r. erythropolis dsm 14,303, nocardia corynebacterioides dsm 12,676, n. corynebacterioides dsm 20,151, and mycobacterium fluoranthenivorans sp ...	2005	16061299
novel microbial epoxide hydrolases for biohydrolysis of glycidyl derivatives.	microbial isolates from biofilters and petroleum-polluted bioremediation sites were screened for the presence of enantioselective epoxide hydrolases active towards tert-butyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, and allyl glycidyl ether. out of 270 isolated strains, which comprised bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, four were selected based on the enantioselectivities of their epoxide hydrolases determined in biotransformation reactions. the enzyme of aspergillus niger m200 preferentiall ...	2005	16061300
characterization of microorganisms isolated from lignite excavated from the záhorie coal mine (southwestern slovakia).	microorganisms were isolated from lignite freshly excavated in the záhorie coal mine (southwestern slovakia) under conditions excluding contamination with either soil or air-borne microorganisms. the isolates represented both prokarya and eukarya (fungi). all were able to grow on standard media, although some microorganisms were unstable and became extinct during storage of coal samples. bacteria belonged to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, and rhodococcus, according to both morphological cr ...	2005	16085397
metabolism of the aliphatic nitramine 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal by methylobacterium sp. strain js178.	the aliphatic nitramine 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal (ndab; c2h5n3o3) is a ring cleavage metabolite that accumulates during the aerobic degradation of the energetic compound hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) by various rhodococcus spp. ndab is also produced during the alkaline hydrolysis of either rdx or octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx) and during the photolysis of rdx. traces of ndab were observed in a soil sampled from an ammunition-manufacturing facility contamin ...	2005	16085803
rapid detection and identification of the metabolically diverse genus gordonia by 16s rrna-gene-targeted genus-specific primers.	the importance of the emerging genus gordonia in industrial and environmental biotechnology is evidenced by the recent increase in associated publications and patents. but, investigations into potentially valuable gordonia members are restricted by the limitations of current isolation and detection techniques. this motivated us to design a genus-specific oligonucleotide primer pair which could assist in rapid detection of species of the genus gordonia by means of pcr-specific amplification. the ...	2005	16098691
construction of random transposition mutagenesis system in rhodococcuserythropolis using is1415.	recent studies on the metabolic activities of genus rhodococcus have shown rhodococci to be of important use in industrial, pharmaceutical and environmental biotechnology. the increasing economic significance of rhodococcus encourages renewed efforts to characterize their genetic systems, as rhodococcus genetics are still poorly understood. the goal of this study is to adapt a transposon system for use in creating random mutagenesis in rhodococcus erythropolis. a plasmid carrying is1415, a membe ...	2006	16107286
rhodococcus equi pneumonia in aids: high-resolution ct findings in five patients.	the aim of this study was to describe the high-resolution ct scan findings in five patients with aids and pulmonary infection due to rhodococcus equi. the study included five patients with aids and proven r. equi infection. the ct scans were reviewed by two observers. the patients included four men and one woman ranging from 39 years to 49 years in age (mean 42 years). the findings included areas of consolidation (n=5) with single (n=1) or multiple cavitation (n=4), ground-glass opacities (n=5), ...	2005	16110097
virulence-associated protein-specific serum immunoglobulin g-isotype expression in young foals protected against rhodococcus equi pneumonia by oral immunization with virulent r. equi.	the purpose of this study was to determine whether foals immunized orally from 2 days of age with virulent rhodococcus equi developed a protective pulmonary immune response and to characterise the antibody response of the immunized foals to the virulence-associated proteins (vaps) of the bacterium. two groups of foals were used. one (n=4) was given live r. equi atcc 33701 orally at 2, 7, and 14 days of age. the second group comprised three non-immunized foals age-matched to the vaccinates. at 3 ...	2005	16112256
isotopic fractionation indicates anaerobic monochlorobenzene biodegradation.	the concentration and isotopic composition of monochlorobenzene (mcb) was monitored in the plume of an anaerobic, contaminated aquifer in bitterfeld, germany. an enrichment in the carbon isotopic composition of more than 4 delta units was found at the fringes of the plume relative to the center (-26.5 %), suggesting the occurrence of in situ biodegradation of mcb. a similar enrichment was measured in a detailed cross-section of the plume and in depth-specific samples obtained in a multilevel sam ...	2005	16117106
[the microbial transformation of phenanthrene and anthracene].	the transformation of phenanthrene and anthracene by rhodococcus rhodnii 135, pseudomonas fluorescens 26k, and arthrobacter sp. k3 is studied. twenty-one intermediates of phenanthrene and anthracene transformation are identified by hplc, mass spectrometry, and nmr spectroscopy. p. fluorescens 26k and arthrobacter sp. k3 are found to produce a wide range of intermediates, whereas r. rhodnii 135 oxidizes phenanthrene, resulting in the formation of a sole product, 3-hydroxyphenanthrene. putative tr ...	2005	16119849
in vitro activity and killing effect of uperin 3.6 against gram-positive cocci isolated from immunocompromised patients.	the in vitro activity of uperin 3.6, alone or combined with six antibiotics, against gram-positive cocci, including rhodococcus equi, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, was investigated. all isolates were inhibited at concentrations of 1 to 16 mg/liter. synergy was demonstrated when uperin 3.6 was combined with clarithromycin and doxycycline.	2005	16127075
pyogranuloma caused by mycobacterium asiaticum infection in a steer.	in 2003, a steer carcass was condemned at a central queensland abattoir because of metastatic tumors. in addition, a granulomatous lesion was found in the mediastinal lymph node. histological examination showed this to be a pyogranuloma, typically associated with rhodococcus or the nocardia/streptomyces group. however, in this case, the only etiological agent was an acid-fast bacillus, which would normally be associated with a more fibrous lesion. a number of nucleic acid-based techniques were u ...	2005	16130999
metabolic engineering for synthesis of aryl carotenoids in rhodococcus.	rhodococcus erythropolis naturally synthesizes monocyclic carotenoids: 4-keto-gamma-carotene and gamma-carotene. the genes and the pathway for carotenoid synthesis in r. erythropolis were previously described. we heterologously expressed a beta-carotene desaturase gene (crtu) from brevibacterium in rhodococcus to produce aryl carotenoids such as chlorobactene. expression of the crtu downstream of a chloramphenicol resistance gene on prhbr171 vector showed higher activity than expression downstre ...	2006	16133327
identification and structural characterisation of novel trehalose dinocardiomycolates from n-alkane-grown rhodococcus opacus 1cp.	rhodococcus opacus 1cp, a potent degrader of (chloro-) aromatic compounds was found to utilise c10-c16 n-alkanes as sole carbon sources. highest conversion rates were observed with n-tetradecane and n-hexadecane, whereas the utilisation of n-dodecane and n-decane was considerably slower. thin-layer chromatography of organic extracts of n-alkane-grown 1cp cultures indicated the growth-associated formation of a glycolipid which was characterised as a trehalose dimycolate by 1h-nmr spectroscopy and ...	2006	16133336
detection of equine herpesvirus type 1 using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.	equid herpesvirus 1 (ehv1) is a major disease of equids worldwide causing considerable losses to the horse industry. a variety of techniques, including pcr have been used to diagnose ehv1. some of these pcrs were used in combination with other techniques such as restriction enzyme analysis (rea) or hybridisation, making them cumbersome for routine diagnostic testing and increasing the chances of cross-contamination. furthermore, they involve the use of suspected carcinogens such as ethidium brom ...	2006	16137772
in vitro and intra-macrophage gene expression by rhodococcus equi strain 103.	rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular respiratory pathogen of foals that persists and multiplies within macrophages. in foals, virulence is associated with 80-90 kb plasmids, which include a pathogenicity island (pi) containing the virulence-associated protein (vap) gene family, but detailed understanding of the basis of virulence is still poor. a 60 spot-based dna microarray was developed containing eight pi genes and 42 chromosomal putative virulence or virulence-associated genes sel ...	2005	16143469
isolation and characterization of a rhodococcus species strain able to grow on ortho- and para-xylene.	rhodococcus sp. strain yu6 was isolated from soil for the ability to grow on o-xylene as the sole carbon and energy source. unlike most other o-xylene-degrading bacteria, yu6 is able to grow on p-xylene. numerous growth substrate range experiments, in addition to the ring-cleavage enzyme assay data, suggest that yu6 initially metabolizes o- and p-xylene by direct aromatic ring oxidation. this leads to the formation of dimethylcatechols, which was further degraded largely through meta-cleavage pa ...	2005	16145546
extracellular dna in single- and multiple-species unsaturated biofilms.	the extracellular polymeric substances (eps) of bacterial biofilms form a hydrated barrier between cells and their external environment. better characterization of eps could be useful in understanding biofilm physiology. the eps are chemically complex, changing with both bacterial strain and culture conditions. previously, we reported that pseudomonas aeruginosa unsaturated biofilm eps contains large amounts of extracellular dna (edna) (r. e. steinberger, a. r. allen, h. g. hansma, and p. a. hol ...	2005	16151131
rhodococcus sp. f92 immobilized on polyurethane foam shows ability to degrade various petroleum products.	this work reports on the immobilization and performance of a hydrocarbon-degrading microorganism on polyurethane foam (puf) in the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons. the ability of four different microorganisms to immobilize on puf and to degrade various petroleum products (arabian light crude (alc), al-shaheen crude (asc), diesel and oil slops) was assessed by measuring the n-alkane fraction remaining in the petroleum products over time. a rhodococcus sp. (designated as f92) had the high ...	2006	16154500
comparison of selective media for the isolation of rhodococcus equi and description of a new selective plating medium.	in order to improve the isolation rate of rhodococcus equi from animals and soil, the efficacy of four previously described selective media (caz-nb, m3t, nanat and tinsdale) and that of four other media (nc, pnp, tcp and tvp) composed by us was compared and evaluated. two selective plating media proved to be the best for the isolation of r. equi from contaminated samples. one of them was caz-nb containing ceftazidime, novobiocin and cycloheximide, while the other was the newly composed tcp conta ...	2005	16156123
constitutive expression of catabc genes in the aniline-assimilating bacterium rhodococcus species an-22: production, purification, characterization and gene analysis of cata, catb and catc.	the aniline-assimilating bacterium rhodococcus sp. an-22 was found to constitutively synthesize catb (cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase) and catc (muconolactone isomerase) in its cells growing on non-aromatic substrates, in addition to the previously reported cata (catechol 1,2-dioxygenase). the bacterium maintained the specific activity of the three enzymes at an almost equal level during cultivation on succinate. catb and catc were purified to homogeneity and characterized. catb was a monomer wi ...	2006	16156722
the signature amidase from sulfolobus solfataricus belongs to the cx3c subgroup of enzymes cleaving both amides and nitriles. ser195 and cys145 are predicted to be the active site nucleophiles.	the signature amidase from the extremophile archeum sulfolobus solfataricus is an enantioselective enzyme that cleaves s-amides. we report here that this enzyme also converts nitriles in the corresponding organic acid, similarly to the well characterized amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1. the archaeal and rhodococcal enzymes belong to the signature amidases and contain the typical serine-glycine rich motif. they work at different optimal temperature, share a high sequence similarity and bo ...	2005	16156792
atrazine degradation by encapsulated rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21.	to develop an encapsulation procedure for rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 and demonstrate its use as a slow-release inoculant for reducing atrazine levels in aquatic and terrestrial environments.	2005	16162227
evaluation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of rhodococcus equi and the vapa gene.	to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for simultaneous detection of rhodococcus equi and differentiation of strains that contain the virulence-associated gene (vapa) from strains that do not.	2005	16173481
isocitrate lyase activity is required for virulence of the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi.	rhodococcus equi is an important pathogen of foals, causing severe pyogranulomatous pneumonia. virulent r. equi strains grow within macrophages, a process which remains poorly characterized. a potential source of carbon for intramacrophage r. equi is membrane lipid-derived fatty acids, which following beta oxidation are assimilated via the glyoxylate bypass. to assess the importance of isocitrate lyase, the first enzyme of the glyoxylate bypass, in virulence of a foal isolate of r. equi, a mutan ...	2005	16177351
protective role of neutrophils in mice experimentally infected with rhodococcus equi.	neutrophils are important in controlling early infections with the intracellular bacterium rhodococcus equi. antineutrophil monoclonal antibody (rb6-8c5)-induced neutrophil deficiency during the first week after experimental infection of mice with r. equi resulted in more severe disease and significantly increased tissue concentrations of r. equi.	2005	16177388
changes in structure of lymphatic organs in foals died due to rhodococcus equi infection.	the aim of this study was to investigate the structure of lymphatic organs in foals which died due to rhodococcus equi infection. the material for this study consisted of 9 foals, of both genders, various breeds, 6-14 weeks old. the routine histopathological examination and immunocytochemical reaction for cytokeratine-3 receptors revealed the disturbances in the thymus epithelial cells development. this was manifested by a complete lack of cells expressing cytokeratine-3 receptors, as well as ab ...	2005	16180583
molecular and biochemical analysis of phthalate and terephthalate degradation by rhodococcus sp. strain dk17.	alkylbenzene-degrading rhodococcus sp. strain dk17 is able to utilize phthalate and terephthalate as growth substrates. the genes encoding the transformation of phthalate and terephthalate to protocatechuate are organized as two separate operons, located 6.7kb away from each other. interestingly, both the phthalate and terephthalate operons are induced in response to terephthalate while expression of the terephthalate genes is undetectable in phthalate-grown cells. in addition to two known plasm ...	2005	16181748
septic pleuritis and abdominal abscess formation caused by rhodococcus equi in a foal.	a 3-month-old female arabian horse was evaluated because of fever, respiratory distress, lethargy, and decreased appetite of 5 days' duration. pleural effusion was diagnosed on the basis of ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations. cytologic examination of pleural fluid collected via thoracocentesis revealed septic inflammation; bacteriologic culture of a sample of that fluid yielded rhodococcus equi. a large intra-abdominal mass adjacent to the body wall was identified ultrasonographicall ...	2005	16190597
rhodococcus equi can survive a phagolysosomal environment in macrophages by suppressing acidification of the phagolysosome.	rhodococcus equi is one of the most important causes of pneumonia in foals and has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen of immunosuppressed hosts such as human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. virulent r. equi harbouring an 85 kb plasmid, but not the avirulent form lacking the plasmid, has the ability to survive in macrophages. however, the survival mechanism is not known. in the present study, morphological interactions were observed between virulent or plasmid-cured avirule ...	2005	16192430
sorption of hydrophobic organic chemicals to bacteria.	the toxicity and time-dependent sorption of three hydrophobic organic chemicals to rhodococcus rhodochrous bacteria were investigated. in experiments, environmentally relevant concentrations of pentachlorophenol (pcp), hexachlorobenzene (hcb), and dichlorobiphenyl (dpcb) were applied to living (both growing and nongrowing) bacteria as well as to dead bacteria. for pcp (an ionizing chemical), bacterial growth decreased, and bacterial death increased, as the pcp concentration increased. in sorptio ...	2005	16193738
functional expression system for cytochrome p450 genes using the reductase domain of self-sufficient p450rhf from rhodococcus sp. ncimb 9784.	cytochrome p450rhf from rhodococcus sp. ncimb 9784 is a self-sufficient p450 monooxygenase. we report here a simple system for the functional expression of various p450 genes using the reductase domain of this p450rhf, which comprises flavin mononucleotide- and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate binding motifs and a [2fe2s] ferredoxin-like center. vector pred was constructed, which carried the t7 promoter, cloning sites for a p450, a linker sequence, and the p450rhf reductase domain, in ...	2006	16195793
characteristics of styrene degradation by rhodococcus pyridinovorans isolated from a biofilter.	a novel strain (pyj-1) of rhodococcus pyridinovorans that was isolated from a biofilter was able to degrade styrene at a maximum rate of 0.16 mg (mg protein)(-1) h(-1) in batch culture at 97 mg l(-1) of initial styrene gas concentration. the optimum ph and temperature for styrene degradation were 7 and 32 degrees c, respectively. the degradation kinetic constants were obtained using substrate inhibition kinetics. in a perlite-packed biofilter the maximum styrene removal rate by the strain was 27 ...	2005	16202798
role of the ssu and seu genes of corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032 in utilization of sulfonates and sulfonate esters as sulfur sources.	corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032 was found to be able to utilize a broad range of sulfonates and sulfonate esters as sulfur sources. the two gene clusters potentially involved in sulfonate utilization, ssud1cba and ssui-seuabc-ssud2, were identified in the genome of c. glutamicum atcc 13032 by similarity searches. while the ssu genes encode proteins resembling ssu proteins from escherichia coli or bacillus subtilis, the seu gene products exhibited similarity to the dibenzothiophene-degradin ...	2005	16204527
association of pneumonia in foals caused by rhodococcus equi with farm soil geochemistry.	to quantify and compare geochemical factors in surface soils from horse-breeding farms with horses with pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi (affected farms) and horse-breeding farms with no history of pneumonia caused by r equi (unaffected farms).	2002	16206788
n-acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing molecules are modified and degraded by rhodococcus erythropolis w2 by both amidolytic and novel oxidoreductase activities.	the rhodococcus erythropolis strain w2 has been shown previously to degrade the n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) quorum-sensing signal molecule n-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone, produced by other bacteria. data presented here indicate that this gram-positive bacterium is also capable of using various ahls as the sole carbon and energy source. the enzymic activities responsible for ahl inactivation were investigated in r. erythropolis cell extracts and in whole cells. r. erythropolis cells rapidly d ...	2005	16207914
fatal pulmonary infection associated with a novel organism, "para-streptomyces abscessus".	actinomycetes are increasingly recognized as pathogenic in the immunocompromised host. we isolated an asporogenous, nonmotile, aerobic gram-positive rod from a transplant recipient with a fatal pulmonary infection. the pathology was similar to that associated with rhodococcus equi, including intra-histiocytic localization. the organism was relatively inert in standard biochemical tests. 16s rrna gene sequencing indicated a potentially unique organism most closely related to the genus streptomyce ...	2005	16208023
characterization of gordonia sp. strain f.5.25.8 capable of dibenzothiophene desulfurization and carbazole utilization.	a dibenzothiophene (dbt)-degrading bacterial strain able to utilize carbazole as the only source of nitrogen was identified as gordonia sp. f.5.25.8 due to its 16s rrna gene sequence and phenotypic characteristics. gas chromatography (gc) and gc-mass spectroscopy analyses showed that strain f.5.25.8 transformed dbt into 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp). this strain was also able to grow using various organic sulfur or nitrogen compounds as the sole sulfur or nitrogen sources. resting-cell studies indic ...	2006	16211383
[the role of intercellular contacts in the initiation of growth and in the development of a transiently nonculturable state by the cultures of rhodococcus rhodochrous grown in poor media].	it was found that the growth of rhodococcus rhodochrous cells in modified saton's medium strongly depends on the rate of culture agitation in the flask: an agitation at 250 rpm in flasks with baffles stops cell multiplication, whereas slight agitation leads to pronounced culture growth. the growth retardation phenomenon was reversible and did not manifest itself in exponential-phase cultures or when the cells were grown in a rich medium; furthermore, it was not connected with the degree of cultu ...	2005	16211852
[monitoring of microbial degraders in manned space stations].	samples of microorganisms from the surface of constructions of mir space station (mir ss) were taken and examined after 13 years of operation. the following microorganisms were isolated and identified: 12 fungal species belonging to the genera penicillium, aspergillus, cladosporium, and aureobasidium; 3 yeast species belonging to the genera debaryomyces, candida, and rhodotorula; and 4 bacterial species belonging to the genera bacillus, myxococcus, and rhodococcus. the predominant species in all ...	2005	16212041
a lava rock-based biofilter for the treatment of alpha-pinene.	biofiltration is an emerging technology in the united states that utilizes microorganisms to biodegrade harmful contaminants in air to carbon dioxide and water. biofiltration is not only more cost effective, but also more environmentally friendly than traditional technologies such as thermal oxidation and chemical scrubbing. the primary objectives of the study were to operate a lava rock-based laboratory biofiltration system for the removal of alpha-pinene. a consortium of microorganisms to be u ...	2006	16213705
continuous production of l(+)-tartaric acid from cis-epoxysuccinate using a membrane recycle reactor.	the one-step bioconversion of cis-epoxysuccinate (ces) to l(+)-tartaric acid by dried rhodococcus rhodochrous cells containing ces hydrolase activity was studied by using a continuous bioconversion process. the influence of the ph and the temperature was assessed. a mathematical model was used to quantify the ces hydrolase activity and stability. the optimal ph, which resulted in a maximal ces hydrolase activity and stability, was ph 8.0. a large increase in stability (half-life time) could be o ...	2006	16217652
[pcb degradation systems in rhodococcus bacteria: multiplex enzyme system determined by multiple isozyme genes].		2005	16218454
catalytic mechanism of limonene epoxide hydrolase, a theoretical study.	the catalytic mechanism of limonene epoxide hydrolase (leh) was investigated theoretically using the density functional theory method b3lyp. leh is part of a novel limonene degradation pathway found in rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14, where it catalyzes the hydrolysis of limonene-1,2-epoxide to give limonene-1,2-diol. the recent crystal structure of leh was used to build a model of the leh active site composed of five amino acids and a crystallographically observed water molecule. with this model ...	2005	16218628
recognition of a b-cell epitope of the vapa protein of rhodococcus equi in newborn and experimentally infected foals.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the previously identified b-cell epitope tslnlqkdepngrasdtagq of the vapa protein of rhodococcus equi and its association with r. equi pneumonia. a modified peptide designated pn11-14 corresponding to the epitope was recognized by all sera from experimentally infected foals with virulent r. equi atcc103+ containing the virulence plasmid but not by its plasmid-cured derivative atcc103- strain. marked levels of vapa-specific immunoglobulin (i ...	2005	16219093
purification and characterization of dibenzothiophene (dbt) sulfone monooxygenase, an enzyme involved in dbt desulfurization, from rhodococcus erythropolis d-1.	dibenzothiophene (dbt), a model of organic sulfur compound in petroleum, is microbially desulfurized to 2-hydroxybiphenyl by rhodococcus erythropolis d-1. three desulfurization (dsz) enzymes--dszc, a, and b--and flavin reductase are involved in sulfur-specific dbt desulfurization. in this study, dsza was purified, characterized, and crystallized from r. erythropolis d-1. dsza, dbt sulfone monooxygenase, is the second enzyme in microbial dbt desulfurization metabolism and catalyzes the conversion ...	1999	16232672
increase in desulfurization activity of rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 using ethanol feeding.	rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 is one of the best strains for the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (dbt) via a sulfur-specific pathway in which dbt is converted to the end product, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, by releasing sulfite via dbt-sulfone and 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzene sulphinate. the objective of this research is to develop a culture method in order to attain a high cell density with a high level of specific desulfurization activity. compared with glucose or glycerol, ethanol was found to ...	2000	16232759
production of cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene (toluene cis glycol) by rhodococcus sp. ma 7249.	an attractive method for producing cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene (toluene cis glycol) was developed employing a cis dihydrodiol dehydrogenase "deficient" strain of rhodococcus (ma 7249). the toluene cis glycol produced was found to have optical rotations of [alpha]d25 = +25.8 (c 0.45, ch3oh) and +72.8 (c 0.42, chcl3) which indicated an absolute configuration of (1s,2r) when compared with previously published values. when cultivated in laboratory fermentor in the presence of tolue ...	2000	16232863
biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and its derivatives through the selective cleavage of carbon-sulfur bonds by a moderately thermophilic bacterium bacillus subtilis wu-s2b.	heterocyclic organosulfur compounds such as dibenzothiophene (dbt) in petroleum cannot be completely removed by hydrodesulfurization using chemical catalysts. a moderately thermophilic bacterium bacillus subtilis wu-s2b, which could desulfurize dbt at 50 degrees c through the selective cleavage of carbon-sulfur (cs) bonds, was newly isolated. at 50 degrees c, growing cells of wu-s2b could degrade 0.54 mm dbt within 120 h to produce 2-hydroxybiphenyl, and the resting cells could also degrade 0.81 ...	2001	16232986
selective cleavage of the two cs bonds in asymmetrically alkylated dibenzothiophenes by rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1.	the rhodococcus erythropolis strain ka2-5-1 was characterized by its ability to cleave carbon-sulfur bonds in the dibenzothiophene (dbt) ring by asymmetrically alkyl substitution, such as c2-dbts (e.g., dimethyl and ethyl dbts) and c3-dbts (e.g., trimethyl and propyl dbts), which are known to remain in hydrodesulfurization-treated diesel fuels. after treatment by solid-phase extraction (spe) of solvents from microbial reactions of alkylated dbts (cx-dbts), we used gas chromatography (gc), gc-ato ...	2001	16233063
metabolism of dibenzo-p-dioxin and chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin by a gram-positive bacterium, rhodococcus opacus sao101.	a dibenzo-p-dioxin-degrading bacterial strain, rhodococcus opacus sao101, was isolated from forest soil samples collected from the subtropical islands of japan by enrichment of a mineral salt medium containing dibenzofuran as the sole carbon and energy source. the isolated bacterium could utilize dibenzo-p-dioxin as the sole carbon and energy source, and also many monocyclic aromatic compounds, such as toluene, phenol, and chlorobenzene, as well as bicyclic aromatic compounds, such as biphenyl, ...	2001	16233073
desulfurization characteristics of thermophilic paenibacillus sp. strain a11-2 against asymmetrically alkylated dibenzothiophenes.	the thermophilic bacterium paenibacillus sp. a11-2, which can utilize dibenzothiophene (dbt) as the sole sulfur source at high temperature (45-55 degrees c), was investigated for its ability to cleave carbon-sulfur bonds in the dibenzothiophene (dbt) ring with asymmetrical alkyl substitution, such as methyl, dimethyl, trimethyl, ethyl and propyl dbts. the biodesulfurization products of each of these alkylated dbts (cx-dbts) were identified and quantitatively determined. the results suggested tha ...	2001	16233084
production of anti-gordonia amarae mycolic acid polyclonal antibody for detection of mycolic acid-containing bacteria in activated sludge foam.	mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes (mycolata) are considered the causative agents of foaming of activated sludge and scum formation in activated sludge treatment plants. in this study, the production of anti-gordonia amarae mycolic acid polyclonal antibodies was investigated. rabbits were immunized with a conjugate of keyhole limpet hemocyanin and mycolic acids of g. amarae, which contained 48 to 56 carbon atoms (average, 52.0). enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) demonstrated that the ...	2001	16233121
diversity of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase genes in a strong pcb degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1.	two 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl (23dhbp) dioxygenase genes, bphc1 and etbc involved in the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyl(s) (pcbs) have been isolated and characterized from a strong pcb degrader, rhodococcus sp. rha1. in this study, four new 23dhbp dioxygenase genes, designated as bphc2, bphc3, bphc4, and bphc5 were isolated from rha1, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. based on amino acid sequence similarities, all of the newly isolated bphc genes could be categorized into type ...	2002	16233225
difference in degrading p-nitrophenol between indigenous bacteria in a reactor.	p-nitrophenol (pnp) -degrading bacteria were isolated from a reactor using a mineral salt medium containing a low and high pnp concentration. we isolated two bacterial species, pseudomonas sp. ytk17 and rhodococcus opacus ytk32, that utilize pnp as their sole source of carbon and energy. these strains exhibited differences in pnp degradation activity in relation to pnp concentration. strain ytk17 showed a high level of degradation following pre-exposure to a low pnp concentration, whereas strain ...	2002	16233242
enhancement and stabilization of desulfurization activity of rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 by feeding ethanol and sulfur components.	we developed a fed-batch culture system fed with ethanol and restricted amounts of sulfur compounds to enhance and stabilize the desulfurizing activity in bacterial cells. in this system using dibenzothiophene (dbt) as the sole sulfur source, a desulfurizing bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 cultivated with small amounts of sulfur showed stable desulfurizing activity and a low rate of growth. however, the cells cultured with excess amounts of sulfur showed unstable activity and a high g ...	2002	16233332
biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene with rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 53968 and its mutant in an interface bioreactor.	an interface bioreactor was used in the biodesulfurization (bds) of dibenzothiophene (dbt) with rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 53968. although this strain could efficiently degrade dbt to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp), the microbial film peeled off from the surface of the carrier (agar plate) to an organic phase (dodecane or tetradecane). to overcome this problem, a uv mutant, which strongly adhered to the carrier surface, was obtained by a new screening method. the best uv mutant (um-021) could effi ...	2002	16233336
cloning and characterization of a 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase gene cluster from rhodococcus sp. pn1.	a 4-nitrophenol (4-np)-degrading bacterium was isolated from activated sludge and identified as a rhodococcus sp. this bacterium, designated as strain pn1, could utilize 4-np as a sole carbon, nitrogen and energy source. degradation tests of 4-np using cell suspensions of strain pn1 revealed that the degradation was induced by 4-np and that 4-nitrocatechol (4-nc) was one of the metabolites. a gene library was constructed from the total dna of strain pn1 and introduced into rhodococcus rhodochrou ...	2003	16233382
isolation of a recombinant desulfurizing 4,6-diproply dibenzothiophene in n-tetradecane.	rhodococcus erythropolis strain ka2-5-1 is unable to desulfurize 4,6-dipropyl dibenzothiophene (dbt) in the oil phase. the dsz desulfurization gene cluster from r. erythropolis strain ka2-5-1 was transferred into 22 rhodococcal and mycobacterial strains using a transposon-transposase complex. the recombinant strain mr65, from mycobacterium sp. ncimb10403, was able to grow on a minimal medium supplemented with 1.0 mm 4,6-dipropyl dbt in n-tetradecane (50%, v v ) as the sole sulfur source. resting ...	2003	16233419
isolation of the pseudomonas aeruginosa gene affecting uptake of dibenzothiophene in n-tetradecane.	the dsz desulfurization gene cluster from rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 was transferred into the chromosomes of pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ncimb9571 using a transposon vector. all of the recombinant strains completely desulfurized 1 mm dibenzothiophene (dbt) in n-tetradecane (n-td) except one, named strain parmi. strain parmi was unable to desulfurize dbt in n-td, but was able to desulfurize it in water. the n-alkane utilization ability, the biosurfactant production and the fatty acid comp ...	2003	16233447
the microbial community in a 2,4-dinitrophenol-digesting reactor as revealed by 16s rdna gene analysis.	the microbial community of a 2,4-dinitrophenol-digesting reactor was investigated using different molecular biological techniques based on 16s rdna gene sequences. a pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis of the bacterial community in the reactor showed that one strong and five minor bands were observed in the dgge profile. the results of excising and sequencing dgge bands suggested that members of rhodococcus, nocardioides, and nitrospira species were present in the reactor ...	2003	16233485
aldoxime dehydratase co-existing with nitrile hydratase and amidase in the iron-type nitrile hydratase-producer rhodococcus sp. n-771.	we identified an aldoxime dehydratase (oxd) gene in the 5'-flanking region of the nitrile hydratase-amidase gene cluster in the photoreactive iron-type nitrile hydratase-producer, rhodococcus sp. n-771. the enzyme showed 96.3%, 77.6%, and 30.4% identities with the oxds of rhodococcus globerulus a-4, pseudomonas chlororaphis b23, and bacillus sp. oxb-1, respectively. the enzyme was expressed in escherichia coli under the control of the lac- or t7 promoters in its intact and his6-tagged forms, pur ...	2004	16233624
characteristics of rhodococcus pyridinovorans pyj-1 for the biodegradation of benzene, toluene, m-xylene (btx), and their mixtures.	the degradation rates of benzene, toluene, and m-xylene (btx) by rhodococcus pyridinovorans pyj-1, were highest at 30, 50, and 25 mg/l, respectively. the degradation rate was highest for toluene (0.106 mg/mg-protein x h) followed by benzene and m-xylene at the optimum ph and temperature of 7 and 32 degrees c, respectively. for btx mixtures, toluene was the preferred substrate, but degradation of each btx was competitively inhibited by other btx compounds. the degradation rate of each component o ...	2004	16233656
constitutive synthesis, purification, and characterization of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from the aniline-assimilating bacterium rhodococcus sp. an-22.	a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (cd) was found, which was synthesized constitutively in the aniline-assimilating bacterium rhodococcus sp. an-22 grown on a medium without aniline, as well as on aniline medium. the bacterium synthesized cd in its cells grown on all the 21 non-aromatic substrates examined, including four natural media such as meat and yeast extracts, one sugar, six organic acids, and 10 amino acids as carbon, energy, and nitrogen sources. when the bacterium was incubated on a medium wi ...	2004	16233669
effect of sulfur sources on specific desulfurization activity of rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 in exponential fed-batch culture.	the effects of sulfur sources on the desulfurization activity of rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 were investigated by using an exponential fed-batch culture technique. the feed rate of a sulfur source was controlled independently of the feed rate of ethanol, which was used as a carbon and energy source. among the sulfur sources examined were dibenzothiophene (dbt), ammonium sulfate, l-cysteine, l-methionine, and 2-amino-ethanesulfonic acid. when the fed-medium contained dbt as the sole sulfur s ...	2005	16233786
isolation and characterization of benzene-tolerant rhodococcus opacus strains.	twenty-two benzene-utilizing bacteria were isolated from soil samples. among them, three isolates were highly tolerant to benzene. they grew on benzene when liquid benzene was added to the basal salt medium at 10--90% (v/v). taxonomical analysis identified the benzene-tolerant isolates as rhodococcus opacus. one of the benzene-tolerant isolates, designated b-4, could utilize many aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, styrene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, n-octan ...	2005	16233805
development of a genetic transformation system for benzene-tolerant rhodococcus opacus strains.	rhodococcus opacus b-4 and b-9 are tolerant to various organic solvents including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and styrene, and are suitable bacterial hosts for the production of chemical products from hydrophobic substrates. a 4.4-kb endogenous plasmid (pknr 01) was isolated from r. opacus b-4 and sequenced completely. plasmid pknr 01 encodes proteins that share similarity to replication proteins from the enteric bacterial and actinomycete theta-replication plasmids. a 7.4-kb chimeri ...	2005	16233810