Publications

temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction.		2005	1277826
the characterization of nonbacterial prostatitis: search for an etiology.	nonbacterial prostatitis is often difficult to differentiate from other prostatic complaints and remains a vaguely characterized syndrome. prostatic fluid inflammatory cells and elevated immunoglobulins raise the suspicion that this syndrome is caused by some undetected infection. prostatic fluid antibodies against chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, staphylococcus, staphylococcus faecalis, bacteroides fragilis and clostridium perfringens were measured in men with nonbacterial and bac ...	1992	1279213
prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in patients receiving renal replacement therapy, and in the staff caring for them.	two hundred and forty-three patients receiving renal replacement therapy (rrt) and 20 renal unit staff were tested for antibodies to hepatitis c (hcv). three patients (1.2%) were positive by the first generation test kit, the lowest rate in patients receiving rrt reported in the literature to date. these three, and eight other patients tested positive by the second generation kit, a prevalence rate of 4.5%. anti-hcv antibody positivity was associated with higher mean serum alanine aminotransfera ...	1992	1280095
measurement of glycated proteins in human plasma or murine hepatic cytosolic fractions by a competitive enzyme linked immune assay (elisa).	after planned immunization, a rabbit polyclonal antibody has been produced that recognized the schiff base moiety of glycated proteins. using an elisa technique, antiserum specifically recognized reduced and glycated epitopes on a variety of proteins, and did not react with nonreduced and glycated proteins. the antiserum showed very low cross-reactivity with reduced but not glycated proteins. the assay was also used to determine the degree of ex vivo glycation of serum proteins from diabetic pat ...	1992	1280140
phase ii study of weekly 4'-epidoxorubicin in patients with metastatic squamous cell cancer of the cervix: an eortc gynaecological cancer cooperative group study.	in this study 24 patients with metastatic cervical cancer were treated with a weekly bolus injection of 4'-epidoxorubicin at a dose of 12.5 mg/m2. all patients were followed until disease progression. toxicity was generally absent or very mild. only 1 patient (4%) had a partial remission lasting 23 weeks and 9 patients (38%) had stable disease with a median duration of 13 weeks (range 7-36). 4'-epidoxorubicin at this dose and schedule is not active in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the ce ...	2005	1280152
[ammoniacal silver method in alkaline ph range as a technique for detection of morpho-functional features of nerve tissue elements].	an alkaline range ph 9.1-12.3 instead of values ph 7.0-7.1 was used to localize lysine-rich and arginine-rich nucleoproteins by ammonia silver (as) staining method (black and ansley, 1966) in brain structures of rabbits and rats. this modification of as method made it steady to reveal lysine-rich and arginine-rich nucleoproteins and was able to demonstrate the high variability of protein localization in relation to the balance of essential amino acids in the brain structures with different funct ...	1992	1280174
species specific monoclonal antibodies to bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide protect mice from severe infection.	four monoclonal antibodies which reacted in a species specific manner with bacteroides fragilis were isolated. they recognised at least two different epitopes of b. fragilis lipopolysaccharide. the monoclonal antibodies protected non-immune mice from longlasting bacteraemia and abscess formation induced by the intraperitoneal administration of b. fragilis in combination with an infection-potentiating agent. the monoclonal antibodies were as efficient as an anti-b. fragilis hyperimmune serum. onl ...	1992	1283090
[a case of staphylococcal enterocolitis caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus].	recently, the frequency of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection has been increasing. we experienced a case of postoperative enterocolitis due to mrsa. the patient was an 81-year-old male with benign prostatic hypertrophy. urine leakage from the penrose drain tube appeared 1 day after suprapubic prostatectomy. we had used intravenous infusion of antibiotic agents including cefodizine (cdzm), imipenem (ipm/cs) and cefmetazol (cmz). he developed severe diarrhea, high fever, ...	1992	1283807
[ethnomedical and transcultural psychiatric aspects of migration].	in consideration of the current socioeconomical and political development in the world a dramatic increase of migration streams are expected. migrant families are always a new phenomenon on both sides in host countries. one important root of these specific problems are: culture-conditioned differences concerning value orientation between immigrants of several ethnics on one hand and the resident population on the other hand, but also among the immigrants of several ethnic groups themselves. thes ...	2005	1287629
single amino acid substitutions can further increase the stability of a thermophilic l-lactate dehydrogenase.	lactate dehydrogenases are of considerable interest as stereospecific catalysts in the chemical preparation of enantiomerically pure alpha-hydroxyacid synthons. for such applications in synthetic organic chemistry it would be desirable to have enzymes which tolerate elevated temperatures for prolonged reaction times, to increase productivity and to extend their applicability to poor substrates. here, two examples are reported of significant thermostabilizations, induced by site-directed mutagene ...	1992	1287656
[ginkgo biloba--analysis and dosage forms].		2005	1287670
reporting the size of effects in research studies to facilitate assessment of practical or clinical significance.	"statistically significant" results may lack practical or clinical significance, and the description of results in reports of research studies is frequently incomplete or misleading in presentation of data necessary to assess such significance (effect sizes). various common presentations are discussed, and one method of presentation of results is proposed that not only encompasses all the others, but enhances the scope of useful information conveyed in a research report. the results of the infan ...	2005	1287676
the effects of menstrual phase and nicotine abstinence on nicotine intake and on biochemical and subjective measures in women smokers: a preliminary report.	nicotine intake, menstrual and smoking withdrawal symptomatology, and baseline cortisol and mhpg were assessed in nine women smokers under conditions of ad lib smoking and overnight abstinence in three menstrual phases (early follicular, mid-to-late follicular, and late luteal). a trend towards higher nicotine intake (p < 0.10) was observed in the mid-to-late follicular phase. although menstrual symptomatology was not significantly elevated during the smoking abstinence condition overall, abstin ...	2005	1287682
[pyogenic osteomyelitis in gaucher's disease].	gaucher's disease is a sphingolipidosis which may be accompanied by severe pain in the bones. we report a case of bacteroides fragilis osteomyelitis consecutive to surgical biopsy. the bone pain may be due to ischaemia of the bone or to a pyogenic osteomyelitis which is iatrogenic in most cases. the clinical and paraclinical features of these two entities are described after a review of the literature, and the main complementary examinations leading to their diagnosis are presented.	1992	1287770
who gets care? access to health care as an arena for nursing action.	access to health care in the united states is undeniably inequitable. what should nurses do in the face of increasing gaps in availability of services? the author addresses this question by framing access to health care in its broadest sociopolitical context, positing that access to care is an essential dimension of nursing theory, research, and practice. by offering a conceptual definition of equitable access, providing rationale for the significance of this concept, and critically exploring co ...	2005	1287782
lactic acid isomers and fatty acids in sinus secretion: a longitudinal study of bacterial and leukocyte metabolism in experimental sinusitis.	concentrations of the two optic isomers of lactate (d- and l-form) as well as glucose, succinate, acetate, butyrate, isovalerate and valerate were examined in purulent sinus secretions. the samples were obtained from rabbit maxillary sinuses, experimentally infected with streptococcus pneumoniae or bacteroides fragilis. more soluble acids such as acetate displayed relatively low levels in the secretion, despite a high microbial production. a substantial increase in d-lactate concentration was fo ...	1992	1287811
antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in australia.	the susceptibilities of 900 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to 14 antimicrobial agents were determined by an agar dilution technique. chloramphenicol, imipenem and metronidazole were found to be active against virtually all of the strains; only a single bacteroides fragilis isolate was resistant to both imipenem and metronidazole. the addition of clavulanic acid to amoxycillin and ticarcillin potentiated the activities of these agents against all anaerobes including members of the b. fra ...	1992	1289355
[antibacterial activity of rokitamycin against fresh clinical isolates].	we obtained bacterial strains which were clinically isolated and identified from outpatients with various infections in medical institutions throughout japan. possible antibacterial activities of rokitamycin (rkm) were examined against these isolates. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined through a comparative study with reference drugs. the results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. resistance patterns of 400 isolates which were highly resistant to macrolides (mls) wi ...	1992	1289579
[involvement of the heart valves and great vessels in homozygote familial hypercholesterolemia].	homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia is characterized by cutaneous xanthoma development from infancy, precocious and accelerated atherosclerosis with clinical signs of ischemic heart disease and frequent involvement of left heart valves resulting in stenosis and/or incompetence. two cases are described of this condition, both associated with aortic stenosis. in one case mitral incompetence and thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension were also found. the mitral valve is involved in the atheros ...	1992	1291417
differential role of ovarian hormones for taste preferences in rats.	the effects of estrogen (ovx-eb) and progesterone (ovx-p) administration to ovariectomized (ovx) rats on food and fluid intakes were studied in fifty five animals grouped into three series. animals in each series were given a choice of two fluids viz. tap water and either 5% glucose (5 g/w) or 12% glucose (12 g/w) or 1.5% sodium chloride (s/w) by two bottle preference. both hormones had a differential effect on the ingestion of the two concentrations of glucose while progesterone markedly increa ...	1992	1291475
aerobic and anaerobic bacterial interactions in the development of anaerobic bacterial pneumonia.	the interactions between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the development of anaerobic bacterial pneumonia were studied by introducing bacteroides fragilis and escherichia coli alone or in combination into guinea pigs by tracheal infusion. the lung lesions induced by b. fragilis were mainly located near the pleura, unlike those induced by e. coli, and were accompanied by pneumonia, lung abscess, and pleuritis. the lung lesions produced by mixed infection with b. fragilis (10(9) cfu) and e. coli ...	1992	1294672
resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents in spain.	as a consequence of antibiotic consumption, the entire microbial ecosystem attached to man is evolving towards resistance. in spain, penicillin resistance (mic > 0.5 mg/l) is found in about 10% of peptostreptococcus, clostridium perfringens and eubacterium, and in 50% of veillonella. cefoxitin resistance ( > 2 mg/l) is present in 10 to 20% of peptostreptococcus and clostridium, and in 50% of eubacterium; 21% of bacteroides (fragilis group) strains are resistant to 16 mg/l. a very low rate of imi ...	1992	1295754
epidemiological aspects of infections caused by bacteroides fragilis and clostridium difficile.	bacteroides fragilis and clostridium difficile are two of the most common anaerobes associated with human disease. studies on the epidemiology of bacteroides fragilis are limited and are based predominantly on serogrouping, which suggests intraspecies differences. further studies using newer techniques for typing are required to elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of this important pathogen. by contrast, numerous phenotypic, immunological and molecular methods have been developed for t ...	1992	1295758
role of fibrin deposition in the pathogenesis of intraabdominal infection.	the production of fibrinous exudates plays an important role in determining the outcome of peritoneal infection. large numbers of bacteria are sequestered within fibrin matrices, thereby retarding bacterial spread throughout the peritoneal cavity and into the bloodstream. this walling-off process is teleologically advantageous in that it lessens early rapid mortality. recent studies have documented that this same process is probably integral to the development of residual infection in the perito ...	1992	1295760
in vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in japan.	a nationwide survey of the susceptibility of 433 isolates of bacteroides fragilis and 149 isolates of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was conducted from december 1986 through november 1989 in japan. these strains were collected from 16 university hospitals and one metropolitan hospital. metronidazole was the most active drug against both species, with no resistant isolates found. the activity of imipenem and sulbactam-cefoperazone was good, with very low resistance rates determined in bacteroides f ...	1992	1295761
german multicentre study on the in vitro susceptibility of bacteroides species. the german bacteroides study group.	in 1990 the first german multicentre study on the in vitro susceptibility of bacteroides species was completed. employing a commercially prepared microbroth dilution assay, nine participating institutions evaluated approximately 100 consecutive isolates of bacteroides species from relevant clinical specimens. a total of 911 strains (449 bacteroides fragilis, 201 bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, 79 bacteroides ovatus, 78 bacteroides vulgatus, 77 bacteroides distasonis, 25 bacteroides uniformis, 2 ot ...	1992	1295762
beta-lactamase production and susceptibility of us and european anaerobic gram-negative bacilli to beta-lactams and other agents.	the susceptibility of 1,476 us and european strains of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanate, cefoxitin, imipenem and metronidazole was determined. all of the bacteroides fragilis group and 51% of the non-bacteroides fragilis group were beta-lactamase positive. amongst the non-bacteroides fragilis group, beta-lactamase positivity rates were higher for us strains (58%) than for european strains (39%). all strains were suscept ...	1992	1295763
survey of the susceptibility patterns of bacteroides fragilis group strains in france from 1977 to 1992.	rates of antibiotic resistance within the bacteroides fragilis group were monitored over a 15-year period in france by examining studies that employed the same methodology to test susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria. chloramphenicol, metronidazole, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and imipenem remained very active against bacteroides fragilis. there was little or no change in rates of resistance to these antibiotics. resistance to clindamycin increased from 1% in 1977 to a peak ...	1992	1295764
infection and labor. vii. microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in spontaneous rupture of membranes at term.	the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, microbiologic characteristics, and clinical significance of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in women with premature rupture of membranes at term.	1992	1301006
[immunomodulating properties of various microbes--representatives of normal intestinal microflora].	the impact of oral administration of heat-killed bifidobacteria, lactobacteria, enterococci and bacteroides on mouse resistance to experimental salmonellosis and content of immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells in the proper plate of the small intestine was studied. it was shown that the administration of the killed bifidobacteria, lactobacteria and enterococci increased the animal resistance to experimental salmonellosis infection and induced an increase in the content of immunoglobulin-synthesizin ...	1992	1304130
expression and release of neuroregulators during development: monoamines and neuropeptides.	the turnover of catecholamines (ca) was determined in the adrenal medulla and brain of rat fetuses and pups. in general we found a considerable increase soon after birth. the expression of mrna for ca-synthesizing enzymes was also considerably enhanced in the adrenals shortly after birth. furthermore, we demonstrated increased expression of neuropeptides after birth, increased synthesis of mrna encoding for neuropeptide y in the adrenals 24 h after birth; and considerable activation of the subst ...	1992	1306802
kinetics of sodium-lithium countertransport activity in patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes.	1. increased erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity has been reported to be associated with nephropathy in type 1 diabetes and linked to a family history of essential hypertension. 2. this study aimed to determine the mechanism of increased sodium-lithium countertransport activity. sodium-lithium countertransport kinetics were measured in uncomplicated and hyperlipidaemic type 1 diabetic patients. 3. in the nine out of 31 uncomplicated type 1 diabetic patients who had high sodium-l ...	2005	1312414
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to pd 131628.	the in vitro activity of pd 131628 against anaerobic cocci, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides spp. and fusobacteria was determined by the agar dilution method. this activity was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, cefoxitin, imipenem, clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol. pd 131628, imipenem, clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol were the most active agents tested.	1992	1314176
[quantitative direct gas-liquid chromatography for rapid diagnosis of anaerobic infections].	quantitative direct gas-liquid chromatography (glc) was performed on 74 specimens of surgical infections and relevant findings were compared with cultural results. in the present study, significant amounts of multiple volatile fatty acids (vfa) and/or succinate were found as markers of anaerobic infections. at least one of the vfa (propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric or valeric acid) greater than or equal to 0.1 mumol/ml and/or succinate greater than or equal to 0.3 mumol/ml was strong ev ...	1992	1315609
a novel mucin sulphatase from human faeces: its identification, purification and characterization.	1. colonic mucus is heavily sulphated and it is likely that this contributes considerably to its resistance to degradation by bacterial enzymes. the presence of a mucin-desulphating enzyme in faeces could therefore be very important in determining the rate of degradation of secreted mucus and hence the level of protection of the mucosa. 2. a novel assay for mucin sulphatase has been developed using biologically labelled human colonic [35s]sulphomucin as a substrate and a mucin sulphatase has bee ...	1992	1315656
in vitro activities of three of the newer quinolones against anaerobic bacteria.	the antimicrobial activities of three new quinolone compounds, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, and win 57273, against anaerobic bacteria were determined in three separate studies. the wadsworth agar dilution technique using brucella-laked blood agar was used throughout. the activities of other antimicrobial agents, including ciprofloxacin, imipenem, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, cefotetan, cefoxitin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, were also determined. the breakpoints of the new quinolones were ...	1992	1317149
evidence that mehp inhibits rat granulosa cell function by a protein kinase c-independent mechanism.	we have recently shown that mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (mehp), the active metabolite of the reproductive toxicant di-(ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp), inhibited fsh- but not forskolin-, isoproterenol-, or cholera toxin-stimulated granulosa cell camp accumulation in vitro. in addition, mehp also inhibited fsh-stimulated progesterone production, a camp-dependent process. similar to mehp, the protein kinase c (pkc) activator, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (tpa) has been shown to inhibit rat ...	1992	1317232
epr spectroscopic characterization of an 'iron only' nitrogenase. s = 3/2 spectrum of component 1 isolated from rhodobacter capsulatus.	the alternative nitrogenase of rhodobacter capsulatus, isolated from a nifhdk deletion mutant, has been purified to near homogeneity and identified as an 'iron only' nitrogenase. the dithionite-reduced component 1 ('fefe protein') of this enzyme showed an epr spectrum consisting of two components: a minor s = 1/2 signal at g = 1.93 and a very characteristic s = 3/2 signal of near-stoichiometric intensity at g = 5.44. this resonance is very close to the highest possible g value (g = 5.46) for the ...	1992	1317300
the chemical use, abuse, and dependence scale (cuad). rationale, reliability, and validity.	this article describes the rationale for the development of the chemical use, abuse, and dependence scale (cuad). the instrument is in a semistructured interview format; it derives both substance use severity scores and dsm-iii-r substance use disorder diagnoses and can be administered in a short period with minimal training. the reliability and validity of the cuad are reported and appear satisfactory. the cuad is recommended for use as a detection, diagnostic, and treatment selection index in ...	2005	1317464
new monoclonal antibodies for the detection of immediate early antigens of cytomegalovirus.	two new monoclonal antibodies, cie-1 and cie-2, were developed for the rapid detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection. they were found to be reactive with immediate early protein of hcmv in the nuclei of infected fibroblasts, as early as 3 hours post-infection. by radioimmunoprecipitation, cie-1 was found to react with a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 70,000, whereas cie-2 precipitated 2 proteins of 70,000 and 72,000 daltons, respectively. both monoclonal antibodies reco ...	1992	1319172
in-vitro activity of pd 131628, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent.	the in-vitro activity of pd 131628, the active metabolite of the prodrug pd 131112, was compared with that of ciprofloxacin and members of other groups of antimicrobial agents against 701 recent clinical isolates and strains with known mechanisms of resistance. the mic90s of pd 131628 against the enterobacteriaceae were between 0.008 and 0.5 mg/l; pd 131628 was one- to four-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against these strains and was four-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against pseudomo ...	1992	1320603
evaluation of temafloxacin in a rat model of intra-abdominal abscess.	the in-vitro activity of temafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was evaluated in an experimental model of intra-abdominal abscess in rats. mixed aerobic-anaerobic infection was induced by intraperitoneal implantation of gelatin capsules containing bacteroides fragilis, escherichia coli, and sterile rat faeces. temafloxacin was highly active with a 90.9% cure rate in comparison with no treatment (no cures; p less than 0.0001), and as active as a combination of clindamycin and gentamicin (100% cure ...	1992	1324241
e-test: a new technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing for periodontal microorganisms.	the purpose of the study was to validate the epsilometer test (e-test) method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of selected periodontopathic microorganisms using the agar dilution method as a standard. the e-test has been developed to provide a direct quantification of antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms. the device consists of a predefined, continuous, and exponential gradient of antibiotic concentrations immobilized along a rectangular plastic test strip. after 48 hours incub ...	1992	1324301
comparative activity of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, ci-960, ci-990, and win 57273 against anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activities of seven fluoroquinolones against 290 anaerobes were determined by agar dilution. ci-960 and win 57273 inhibited greater than 95% of the strains at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. ci-990 required less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml. clustering around 2 to 4 micrograms/ml was noted for bacteroides fragilis group organisms with ci-990, sparfloxacin, and temafloxacin. temafloxacin and sparfloxacin inhibited most strains at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. b. ...	1992	1324640
antimicrobial activity of du-6859, a new potent fluoroquinolone, against clinical isolates.	du-6859, (-)-7-[(7s)-amino-5-azaspiro(2,4)heptan-5-yl]-8-chloro-6- fluoro-1-[(1r,2r)-cis-2-fluoro-1-cyclopropyl]-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinol one-3- carboxylic acid, is a new fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity which is significantly better than those of currently available quinolones. the mics for 90% of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates (mic90s) were 0.1, 3.13, 0.1, and 0.39 microgram/ml, respectively. mic50s of du- ...	1992	1324647
[mathematical analysis of permeability of the blood-brain barrier in bacterial meningoencephalitis].	atomic-absorption spectrophotometry was used to measure the concentration of certain metals in the blood and csf in 70 patients suffering from bacterial meningoencephalitis depending on the gravity and stage of the inflammatory process. probability statistical and correlation analysis of the content of metals in the blood and csf made in possible to depict the status of permeability and different transformations that regulate the functions of the blood-brain barrier in patients seen over time.	2005	1326169
in vitro activity of opc-17116.	the in vitro activity of opc-17116, a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, was compared with the activities of other fluoroquinolones. opc-17116 inhibited 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested and 90% of haemophilus influenzae, neisseria species, and moraxella catarrhalis isolates at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were inhibited, which was comparable to or better than the activities of fleroxacin, o ...	1992	1329620
in vitro activity of cp-74,667. a new fluoroquinolone compared with other quinolones.	cp-74,667, a 6-fluoro-7-bridged piperazinyl-1-cyclopropyl-4 quinolone, inhibited 90% of staphylococci, beta-hemolytic streptococci, enterococci, enterobacteriaceae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. ciprofloxacin-resistant, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus had minimum inhibitory concentration (mic50) of 4 micrograms/ml and an mic90 of 8 micrograms/ml. cp-74,667 was fourfold more active than ciprofloxacin against streptococcus pneumoniae and st. pyoge ...	1992	1330421
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of am-1155, a new 6-fluoro-8-methoxy quinolone.	am-1155 is a new quinolone with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against various bacteria including anaerobes and mycoplasma pneumoniae. am-1155 was 2- to 16-fold more active than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and enterococcus faecalis; its mics for 90% of strains tested were 0.10 to 0.78 micrograms/ml. the activity of am-1155 was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin ...	1992	1332587
purification and characterization of a sialidase from bacteroides fragilis sbt3182.	a sialidase from bacteroides fragilis sbt3182 was purified 2,240-fold to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and sequential chromatographies on deae-toyopearl 650m, hydroxyapatite, monos and superose6 columns. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this sialidase, ala-asp-x-ile-phe-val-arg-glu-thr-arg-ile-pro-, was determined. substrate specificity of this enzyme using a variety of sialoglycoconjugates showed a 1.5- and 2.2-fold preference for sialyl alpha 2-8 linkages when com ...	1992	1333198
magnetization transfer contrast (mtc) imaging of skeletal muscle at 0.26 tesla--changes in signal intensity following exercise.	magnetization transfer contrast (mtc) imaging of skeletal muscle before and after exercise has been studied in normal volunteers at 0.26 tesla. a saturation pulse was applied over a range of offset frequencies immediately before a gradient recall echo sequence. substantial signal loss was observed in all muscles. after exercise, selective saturation resulted in a significant increase of contrast between active and less active muscle, a phenomenon attributable to an increase in extracellular wate ...	1992	1336695
in vitro antibacterial activities of ticarcillin alone and ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid against beta-lactamase producing and non-producing microorganisms.	a total of 818 clinical bacterial isolates were tested for the production of beta-lactamase by rapid chromogenic cephalosporin method and for the susceptibility to ticarcillin alone and in combination with clavulanic acid (2 micrograms/ml) by agar dilution method. these included 83 strains of methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa), 31 of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa), 49 of neisseria gonorrhoeae, 58 of haemophilus influenzae, 112 of escherichia coli, 118 of klebsiella pneumo ...	1992	1342000
the acute phase of experimental infection with trypanosoma cruzi is more severe in mice monoassociated with strict anaerobic bacteria.	1. the influence of some components of the normal human intestinal flora on the acute phase of experimental infection with strain cl of trypanosoma cruzi was studied in 30-day-old germ-free or gnotobiotic cfw (lob) mice monoassociated with bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococcus sp or clostridium sp by intragastric inoculation of 10(6) bacteria 10 days before the intraperitoneal infection with 5 x 10(3) trypomastigotes/g body weight. 2. significantly earlier parasitemia peak and mortality were ...	1992	1342224
[rectal prolapse and fecal incontinence. a prospective manometric study].	in the present work we have studied two consecutive series of patients who underwent a posterior abdominal rectopexy according to wells or ripstein. during the year of follow up no recurrences were observed. functional results, evaluated according to a protocol, by history of the patient and manovolumetry, shoved an improvement of fecal continence in more than half of the incontinents in both series. however, constipation increased after wells' rectopexy, while no major changes were observed aft ...	1974	1344143
[lethal midline granuloma in senegal. (apropos of 15 cases)].	african authors, other than senegalese, have not paid enough attention to lethal granuloma, a terrible disease. this series is about a series collected between 1975 and 1990. it is particularly high compared to other series in the world. if diagnosis is easy for the clinician, much care must surround the pathological answer. those diagnosis problems and difficulties of treatment (represented by 11 deaths) are studied.	1981	1345062
antigen-receptor complex stimulation triggers protein kinase c-dependent cd11a/cd18-cytoskeleton association in t lymphocytes.	although it is well accepted that intercellular adhesion involving the cd11a/cd18 (lfa-1) complex is critical in a wide array of t cell-dependent processes, recent demonstrations of an lfa-1 high avidity state, induced by triggering the t cell receptor (tcr) complex, has raised questions about the intracellular signals generated and molecular events leading to effective cell coupling, as well as their orderly sequence. in this study, we assessed the effects of t cell activation on the actin-base ...	2006	1346786
natural killer (nk) cell stimulatory factor increases the cytotoxic activity of nk cells from both healthy donors and human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.	natural killer cell stimulatory factor (nksf), or interleukin 12 (il-12), is a heterodimeric lymphokine produced by b cells that has multiple effects on t and nk cell functions. nksf at concentrations as low as 0.4 pm enhances the spontaneous cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) against a variety of tumor-derived target cell lines and virus-infected target cells. the combined treatment of pbl with nksf and il-2 results in a less than additive enhancement of cytotoxicity. nksf ...	1992	1346797
transfection of the pharmacopoeia: intramuscular gene therapy.		2006	1346822
thymocytopoiesis is maintained by blood-borne precursors throughout postnatal life. a study in parabiotic mice.	this study was designed to resolve the long standing controversy as to whether hematogenous precursors or resident intrathymic precursors maintain thymocytopoiesis in postnatal life. the kinetics of thymic chimerism was examined over a 21-wk period in 105 pairs of nonirradiated, thy-1-alloantigen-disparate, parabiotic b10.s mice. thymic chimerism reached reached maximum levels of 25% in the thy-1b and 16% in the thy-1a partners (mean 20.5% and 9.8%, respectively) 6 to 7 wk after parabiotic union ...	2006	1347301
in vitro induction of cd8 expression on thymic pre-t cells. i. transforming growth factor-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce cd8 expression on cd8- thymic subsets including the cd25+cd3-cd4-cd8- pre-t cell subset.	we previously reported that il-7 maintains the viability and differentiation potential of cd25 (il-2r p55) positive cd3-cd4-cd8- thymic pre-t cells in vitro. this culture system is suitable for studying signals that regulate differentiation of t cell precursors in the thymus. in this study, we screened cytokines for their capacity to induce cd4 or cd8 in murine thymic pre-t cells cultured with il-7. of 15 cytokines tested, only transforming growth factor (tgf-beta) and tnf-alpha induced cd8 (lyt ...	2006	1347307
structure of holo-chaperonin studied with electron microscopy. oligomeric cpn10 on top of two layers of cpn60 rings with two stripes each.	a structural model of holo-chaperonin, known as a protein-folding control protein comprising 60 kda (cpn60) and 10 kda polypeptides (cpn10), is proposed based on the electron microscopic images of holo-chaperonin from thermus thermophilus and cpn60 from paracoccus denitrificans. isolated paracoccus cpn60 shows very similar images to those of escherichia coli tetradecameric cpn60, a seven-membered ring in the top view and a rectangular shape with four stripes in the side view. however, a small nu ...	1992	1347504
structure of holo-chaperonin studied with electron microscopy. oligomeric cpn10 on top of two layers of cpn60 rings with two stripes each.	a structural model of holo-chaperonin, known as a protein-folding control protein comprising 60 kda (cpn60) and 10 kda polypeptides (cpn10), is proposed based on the electron microscopic images of holo-chaperonin from thermus thermophilus and cpn60 from paracoccus denitrificans. isolated paracoccus cpn60 shows very similar images to those of escherichia coli tetradecameric cpn60, a seven-membered ring in the top view and a rectangular shape with four stripes in the side view. however, a small nu ...	1992	1347504
intraepithelial gamma delta t-cell-receptor lymphocytes and genetic susceptibility to coeliac disease.	although the proportion of gamma delta t-cell-receptor (tcr)-bearing intraepithelial lymphocytes is increased in the jejunum of patients with active coeliac disease, an abnormality thought to be specific among those with gluten-sensitive enteropathy, the factors influencing gamma delta tcr expression remain uncertain. we examined the relation between genetic factors associated with coeliac disease and intraepithelial gamma delta t lymphocyte distribution in both coeliac patients and their health ...	2005	1351185
detubularization-induced contractile response change of the ileum following ileocystoplasty.	we reported previously that following ileocystoplasty the structure and pharmacologic response of the implanted ileum changes towards that of the bladder. specifically, the relaxation response to alpha adrenergic (methoxamine) and purinergic (atp) stimulation reverses to a contractile response one month after the ileal segment is surgically made part of the urinary bladder. the present study was designed to investigate possible signals for this change and also to determine whether bladder respon ...	1992	1351953
[proceedings of the 1992 congress and scientific meeting of the chinese medical association. abstracts].		2006	1352182
regulation of nucleus accumbens dopamine release by the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat.	the effects of microinfusing l-glutamate, serotonin (5-ht), (+-)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-oh dpat; a 5-ht1a agonist), and muscimol (a gabaa agonist) into the dorsal raphe nucleus on the extracellular levels of 5-ht, dopamine (da) and their metabolites in the nucleus accumbens were studied in unanesthetized, freely moving, adult male wistar rats, using the technique of microdialysis coupled with small-bore hplc. administration of 0.75 micrograms l-glutamate produced a 25-50% inc ...	1992	1356241
[diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage due to capillaritis in a patient with typical periarteritis nodosa and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. relationship with overlapping vasculitic syndrome and wegener's granulomatosis].	clinical and pathological postmortem study of a patient with npa which died due to a fulminant pulmonary hemorrhage. in the postmortem study, diffuse pulmonary capillaries was observed as the cause of the disease, as well as lesions of necrotizing glomerulonephritis with granulomas, within the framework of a typical npa. correlation with the npa-type overlapping polyangiitic syndrome and microscopic polyarteritis are discussed, as well as the correlation between the latter and wegener's granulom ...	2004	1356499
seroepidemiology of california and bunyamwera serogroup bunyavirus infections in humans in california.	several human populations in california were surveyed cross-sectionally and longitudinally for neutralizing antibodies to selected arthropod-borne bunyaviruses in the california and bunyamwera serogroups. overall, the prevalence of antibodies to california serogroup viruses was 6.4% in 702 individuals sampled during 1963-1988. comparative antibody titers in individual sera indicated that 4.1% and 1.6% of these infections were caused by viruses similar or identical to jamestown canyon and califor ...	1992	1357960
treatment of symptomatic syringomyelia with ventriculoperitoneal shunt: report of a case.	we report on a 43-year-old female who, for 27 years, had thoracic scoliosis with curve convexity to the left side. she complained of rapid progression of the central cord syndrome in the past two years. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) demonstrated a syringomyelia with a direct connection between the fourth ventricle and the syrinx. the patient underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and showed rapid neurologic improvement. a follow-up mri showed dramatic shrinkage of the syrinx.	1991	1358337
characterization and detection of the 40 kda fimbrial subunit of bacteroides fragilis be1.	the amino acid composition and amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the 40 kda fimbrial subunit of bacteroides fragilis were determined. no similarity with other known fimbrial subunits or protein sequences was found. the isoelectric point of the fimbriae was determined to be 3.8. the acidic nature of these fimbriae is in agreement with the amino acid composition of the fimbrial subunit. an igm monoclonal antibody, raised against the denaturated subunit of strain be1 fimbriae, reacted with nati ...	1992	1359379
pregnancy after transfer of frozen-thawed human embryos.	cryopreservation of human embryos has been successfully applied in in vitro fertilization (ivf) and embryo transfer (et) programs at the national taiwan university hospital since 1988. our preliminary results with 120 frozen-thawed embryos in 31 transfer cycles showed that the survival rate of frozen embryos was 66%. following transfer, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 6.5% and 13%, respectively. four clinical pregnancies and one preclinical pregnancy following a frozen-tha ...	1992	1360300
encapsulation and pilus formation of bacteroides spp. in normal flora abscesses and blood.	the presence of encapsulated and piliated bacteroides spp. (mostly bacteroides fragilis and melaninogenicus groups was investigated in isolates from blood, abscesses and normal flora. of the strains of bacteroides spp. isolated 45 of 54 (83%) recovered from blood and 31 of 40 (78%) found in abscesses were encapsulated. in contrast, only seven of 71 (10%) similar strains isolated from the faeces or pharynx of healthy persons were encapsulated (p < 0.001). pili were observed in three of 54 (6%) of ...	1992	1361937
virulence factors in anaerobic bacteria.	various surface structures can be expressed in bacteroides fragilis, but little is known about capsular structures in other non-spore-forming anaerobes. fimbriae have been isolated from bacteroides fragilis and porphyromonas gingivalis. the importance of iron-repressible outer membrane proteins as virulence factors in bacteroides fragilis is under study. the low endotoxic activity of bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide can be attributed to the chemical composition of this organism's lipid a. ...	1992	1363545
immunologic characteristics of fibrillary glomerulonephritis.	igg and iga immune complexes, mononuclear phagocytic system function, interleukin-2 (il-2) production by peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl), serum-soluble il-2 receptors, tumor necrosis factor, beta 2-microglobulin and il-1 beta, hla-dna polymorphisms, immuno-isoelectrofocusing, phenotype of pbl, lymphocyte cytotoxicity, activation of lymphokine-activated killer cells and natural killer cell activity were evaluated in 8 patients with tubular/fibrillary glomerulonephritis (gn). no common serologi ...	2006	1363752
[epidemiologic studies after the disaster in czernobyl in the population of children in the krakow region].	in 1989-1990 the epidemiologic studies about the impact of of czarnobyl events on the health of children in kraków and nowy sacz region were performed. the morphologic and functional changes of thyroid gland in children were estimated. almost 90% of children in both districts received the iodine preparations for prophylactic reason. the mean time of intake was between 5-10 days following the czarnobyl explosion. there were no relationship between the dose of iodine absorbed during prophylactic a ...	1991	1364477
inhibition of trypsin by t-butyloxycarbonyl-alpha-aza-(4-aminophenyl)alanine phenyl ester.	t-butyloxycarbonyl-alpha-aza-(4-aminophenyl)alanine phenyl ester (iii: r = nh2) has been synthesized. the rate of inhibition of trypsin (ec 3.4.21.4) by this compound (due to acylation followed by slower deacylation) shows a marked ph maximum at approximately 6. the shape of the ph-rate curve is discussed in terms of (i) the normal ph-activity curve of trypsin reacting with a charged substrate, i.e. the protonated form of the amino compound, (ii) the deprotonation of the 4-amino group with pka 4 ...	2006	1367228
characterization of guanosine diphospho-d-mannose dehydrogenase from pseudomonas aeruginosa. structural analysis by limited proteolysis.	alginate is believed to be a major virulence factor in the pathogenicity of pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. guanosine diphospho-d-mannose dehydrogenase (gdpmannose dehydrogenase, ec 1.1.1.132) is a key enzyme in the alginate biosynthetic pathway which catalyzes the oxidation of guanosine diphospho-d-mannose (gdp-d-mannose) to gdp-d-mannuronic acid. in this paper, we report the structural analysis of gmd by limited proteolysis using three different ...	1992	1370473
characterization of antigenic determinants of borrelia burgdorferi shared by other bacteria.	three antigenic determinants of borrelia burgdorferi that were shared with other spirochetes and gram-negative bacterial species, as measured by western blot, elisa, or both, were identified and characterized using monoclonal antibodies (mabs). two were associated with immunogenic integral membrane lipoproteins of 19- and 22-kda, respectively, by [3h]palmitate incorporation and triton x-114 phase partitioning. a third antigenic determinant was shown to be associated with a 72-kda heat shock prot ...	1992	1372635
analysis of rrna restriction fragment length polymorphisms from bacteroides spp. and bacteroides fragilis isolates associated with diarrhea in humans and animals.	the escherichia coli rrna operon rrnb was used as a 32p-labeled hybridization probe in southern blots of genomic dnas from representative strains of the saccharolytic, gram-negative, obligate anaerobes of the genus bacteroides. control experiments with the b. fragilis type strain atcc 25285 established that nearly identical rrna fragment patterns were produced when either the e. coli rrnb gene probe or homologous rrna isolated from b. fragilis was used as the probe. in addition, it was shown tha ...	1992	1374078
experimental maxillary sinusitis induced by bacteroides fragilis. a bacteriological and histological study in rabbits.	experimental anaerobic maxillary sinusitis was induced in new zealand white rabbits by blocking the ostium and inoculating bacteroides fragilis, strain nctc 9343. the animals were examined histologically and bacteriologically after 5 days, and 2, 3 and 4 weeks. all the infected sinuses displayed signs of moderate or severe inflammation throughout the study period. ciliary damage and desquamation, hyperplasia and metaplasia of the epithelium were characteristic features. furthermore, heavy leukoc ...	1992	1374207
sepsis-induced changes in protein synthesis: differential effects on fast- and slow-twitch muscles.	sepsis is associated with severe muscle wasting. mechanisms responsible for sepsis-induced alterations in muscle protein metabolism were investigated in vivo and compared with changes induced by nonseptic inflammation. the rate of protein synthesis in mixed hindlimb muscles was not altered in inflammation but was inhibited 50% in sepsis. this inhibition did not result from a decreased rna content. instead, the translational efficiency was significantly reduced by 50% in skeletal muscle of septic ...	1992	1377447
analysis of drug action at single-channel level.	many drugs interact directly with ion channel proteins to alter gating and permeation functions. single-channel recording affords resolution of drug-induced functional changes in channel behavior at the molecular level. drug and toxin molecules that block ion channels are useful probes of channel mechanisms because blocking sites are often coupled to other pharmacologically relevant binding sites. simple kinetic schemes describing fast block, slow block, and binding competition between two block ...	2006	1382213
ion channel selectivity, permeation, and block.		2006	1382215
the bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect of trospectomycin.	trospectomycin sulfate (trospectomycin, trs) is a novel, broad-spectrum, aminocyclitol antibiotic that is being developed clinically for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and gonorrhea. this study investigated the bactericidal activity (by time-kill kinetics) and the postantibiotic effect (pae) of trs. species-dependent bacteriostatic/bactericidal activity was observed for trs; the antibiotic was bacteriostatic for staphylococc ...	1992	1386566
[hematogenous spondylitis caused by bacteroides fragilis].		1992	1391028
outcome in the chronic fatigue syndrome.		2006	1392899
health care for the elderly in japan: medicine and welfare in an aging society facing a crisis in long term care.		2006	1392924
the molecular genetics of schizophrenia.		2006	1393109
recovery of bacteroides fragilis group from clinical specimens following antimicrobial therapy.	over a period of 14 years (1973-1987), 3165 specimens submitted to the microbiology laboratory demonstrated the recovery of anaerobic bacteria. a total of 988 bacteroides fragilis group isolates were recovered (0.3 isolates per specimen). bacteroides fragilis accounted for 62% of the total of all b. fragilis group isolates, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron for 15%, bacteroides vulgatus for 8%, bacteroides ovatus for 7%, bacteroides distasonis for 6%, and bacteroides uniformis for 2%. of the 988 b. f ...	1992	1393825
binding of mutagenic pyrolyzates to fractions of intestinal bacterial cells.	the binding of mutagenic pyrolyzates to cell fractions from some gram-negative intestinal bacteria and to thermally treated bacterial cells was investigated. 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-1) and 3-amino-1-methyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-2) were effectively bound by several of the bacterial cells. the cell wall skeletons of all bacteria effectively bound trp-p-1 and trp-p-2. their cytoplasmic fractions retained trp-p-1 and trp-p-2, but to a lesser extent than the cell wa ...	1992	1393830
the bacteriology of chronic suppurative otitis media.	specimens obtained directly from the middle ear under direct vision from 40 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (csom) were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively for aerobes and anaerobes. twenty one of the 40 specimens yielded aerobes only, 17 yielded a mixed flora of anaerobes and aerobes while only one yielded anaerobes only and the remaining one was sterile. bacteroides fragilis was the commonest anaerobe and the second single most common bacteria generally present in csom ...	1992	1396196
antibacterial activity of the investigational oral and parenteral cephalosporin bk-218.	bk-218 is a novel cephalosporin with a dual route of administration and spectrum of activity most similar to that of second-generation cephalosporins. bk-218 was active against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis but strains resistant to penicillins had higher mics. bk-218 had greater activity (8-fold) than cefuroxime or cefaclor against oxacillin-susceptible staphylococcus spp. moderate bk-218 activity was observed against neisseria gonorrhoeae and commonl ...	1992	1396735
antibiotic sensitivity of the bacteroides fragilis group in europe. european study group.	rates of resistance to 12 antibiotics were determined for 1,289 isolates of bacteroides fragilis group submitted in 1988-1989 by 22 laboratories in 15 european countries. there was no resistance to metronidazole (breakpoint 8 mg/l) and only one isolate was resistant to chloramphenicol (breakpoint 8 mg/l). resistance was uncommon for imipenem (0.3% at greater than 4 mg/l), amoxicillin/clavulanate (1% at greater than 8 mg/l), cefoxitin (3% at greater than 32 mg/l), mezlocillin (6% at greater than ...	1992	1396748
changes in the susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis group organisms to various antimicrobial agents 1979-1989.	the in vitro activity of metronidazole, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and 11 beta-lactam antibiotics against 135 clinical isolates of the bacteroides fragilis group was compared. in addition, changes in the resistance patterns of members of the bacteroides fragilis group isolated at the hospital universitario san carlos in madrid, spain, between 1979 and 1989 were documented. the most active beta-lactam drugs were imipenem and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. in 1989, however, two strains w ...	1992	1396757
comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ru29246, the active metabolite of hr916b.	hr 916b is a new orally absorbed cephalosporin. in tests its active metabolite, ru29246, inhibited streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the antibacterial activity of cefuroxime, and was more active than cefaclor. it was also more active (mic 2 micrograms/ml) than cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefotaxime against staphylococci. ru29246 inhibited escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, ci ...	1992	1396779
anaerobic yeast killer systems.	the influence of anaerobic conditions on the expression of the killer phenomenon of several yeast isolates belonging to recognized killer systems coded by different genetic determinants (pichia spp., kluyveromyces lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae) was studied. anaerobiosis influenced the activity of killer toxins from some individual isolates of the genera pichia and saccharomyces on sensitive strains of p. anomala, k. lactis and candida albicans. however, no influence was detectable on a s. cer ...	1992	1397211
characterization of the streptococcus mutans gs-5 frua gene encoding exo-beta-d-fructosidase.	the complete nucleotide sequence (5,010 bp) of the fructanase gene (frua) and flanking regions of the chromosome of streptococcus mutans gs-5 was determined. the frua gene appears to be the sole transcript arising from a proximal promoter. the presumed precursor of the secreted frua protein consists of 1,423 amino acids, and it has an m(r) of 158,656 and a pi of 4.82. the n terminus of frua has characteristics in common with signal peptides of gram-positive organisms. the c terminus consists of ...	1992	1398976
microbiology of secondarily infected diaper dermatitis.	specimens obtained from 67 infants with secondarily infected diaper dermatitis were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. bacteria growth was obtained in 58. aerobic facultative bacteria or candida sp. only were present in 28 patients (48%), anaerobic bacteria only in 11 (19%), and mixed anaerobic with aerobic, facultative, or yeast flora was present in 19 (33%). ninety-one bacterial or fungal isolates were recovered (1.6 per specimen), 54 (0.9 per specimen) aerobic or facultative bacteri ...	1992	1399196
[asporogenic anaerobic thoracic empyema--an experimental model for anaerobic thoracic empyema in rabbits].	sterile pleural effusion was induced by intrapleural administration of turpentine, and empyema was induced by direct intrapleural inoculation of bacteria in rabbits. experimental models of anaerobic thoracic empyema were successfully made in this study, using escherichia coli, peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, bacteroides fragilis, using the following methods; (1) a single bacterium inoculation of, a) e. coli, b) p. asaccharolyticus, c) b. fragilis, (2) simultaneous inoculations with an aerob ...	1992	1402083
[a case of empyema with subphrenic abscess].	a 75-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever, cough and left hypochondralgia. she had been operated for cholecystectomy ten years ago. chest roentgenogram indicated bilateral pleural effusion. tube drainage was done to the left thorax and empyema was caused by bacteroides fragilis and escherichia coli (e. coli). though antibiotic therapy was already being conducted, the left hypochondralgia persisted. a ct scan and mri demonstrated local subphrenic abscess around th ...	1992	1402099