Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| antibiotic therapy in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) comprises a spectrum of conditions including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and bronchiectasis. it has a prevalence in the united states of 5.1% to 5.4% in the middle-aged to elderly population, with a lower rate in nonsmoking individuals. moreover, copd is complicated by frequent and recurring acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb). overall, copd represents the fourth leading cause of mortality in the united states and is the second ... | 2000 | 11052424 |
| treatment of acute otitis media with an antiadhesive oligosaccharide: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | antiadhesive compounds are promising candidates for prevention or treatment of infections. we have investigated the efficacy of such an agent, 3'-sialyllacto-n-neotetraose (ne-1530), given intranasally for prophylaxis of acute otitis media and for effect on nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria. | 2000 | 11052582 |
| in vitro activity of moxifloxacin(bay 12-8039) against respiratory tract pathogens from six latin-american countries. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin (bay 12-8039) was evaluated against 636 isolates of respiratory tract pathogens. the isolates were collected from july 1997 to august 1998 in the frame of a multinational latin american study. e-test strips calibrated to read moxifloxacin mic ranges from 0.002 to 32 microg/ml were used in susceptibility testing. weekly quality control tests in each laboratory ensured reproducibility. laboratories from argentina, brazil, chile, colombia, mexico ... | 2000 | 11053902 |
| genetic diversity and clonal patterns among antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant streptococcus pneumoniae colonizing children: day care centers as autonomous epidemiological units. | characterization by antibiotype of the 1,096 streptococcus pneumoniae recovered from 2,111 nasopharyngeal samples of children attending 16 day care centers (dccs) in lisbon, portugal, and molecular typing of 413 drug-resistant pneumococci (drpn) and 89 fully drug-susceptible pneumococci (dspn) has allowed several conclusions. (i) there was an increase in the frequency of drpn colonizing children in dccs from 40% in 1996 to 45% in 1997 to 50% in 1998. (ii) drug resistance spread by cross-transmis ... | 2000 | 11060081 |
| gatifloxacin: a new fluoroquinolone. | gatifloxacin is a new 8-methoxy-fluoroquinoline antimicrobial agent. it has enhanced activity against gram-positive and atypical agents, while retaining broad-spectrum antigram-negative activity. for example, the mic(90) values for respiratory tract pathogens are < or = 0.5 microg/ml for organisms such as streptococcus pneumoniae (regardless of penicillin susceptibility), haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive or negative), moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase positive or negative), le ... | 2000 | 11060784 |
| prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among respiratory tract isolates in latin america: results from sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1997-98). | one thousand seventy-three bacterial isolates were collected from patients with community acquired respiratory tract infections (carti) in 11 latin american centers (7 countries) during 1997 and 1998. they were tested against numerous antimicrobial agents by the reference broth microdilution method as part of the ongoing multinational sentry antimicrobial surveillance program. among streptococcus pneumoniae (553 isolates), approximately 61% were susceptible to penicillin. there was a great varia ... | 2000 | 11063556 |
| a review of antimicrobial resistance in canada. | antimicrobial resistance is a global concern. over the past 10 years, considerable efforts and resources have been expended to detect, monitor, and understand at the basic level the many different facets of emerging and increasing resistance. this review summarizes our current understanding of bacterial antimicrobial resistance issues in canada with particular emphasis given to the enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilu ... | 2000 | 11068672 |
| [antibacterial activities of piperacillin in several fresh clinical isolates]. | we investigated activity of piperacillin (pipc) in comparison with 8 antibacterial reference drugs against several fresh clinical strains isolated from patients with infectious diseases in the respiratory tract and after surgical interventions in 1999. the following results were obtained: 1. pipc had its mic90 of 0.12-6 micrograms/ml in gram-positive bacteria (methicillin susceptible staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcu ... | 2000 | 11070819 |
| acute otitis media: bacteriology and bacterial resistance in 205 pediatric patients. | acute otitis media (aom) is one of the most frequent diagnoses in children below the age of 2 years. treatment is usually based on information included in the literature concerning bacteriology. the purpose of this work was to define the most frequent germs in the etiology of aom within our community, in order to optimize therapeutics for this pathology. cultures in middle ear secretions obtained through tympanocentesis were performed to this end, ensuring careful sample taking and processing. t ... | 2000 | 11074112 |
| structure and sequence analysis of yersinia yada and moraxella uspas reveal a novel class of adhesins. | the non-fimbrial adhesins, yada of enteropathogenic yersinia species, and uspa1 and uspa2 of moraxella catarrhalis, are established pathogenicity factors. in electron micrographs, both surface proteins appear as distinct 'lollipop'-shaped structures forming a novel type of surface projection on the outer membranes. these structures, amino acid sequence analysis of these molecules and yada gene manipulation suggest a tripartite organization: an n-terminal oval head domain is followed by a putativ ... | 2000 | 11080146 |
| bacteriology in disease: failure of a micro-ecological balance? | both aerobic (mainly alpha-haemolytic streptococci) and anaerobic micro-organisms (like prevotella and peptostreptococcus species) are able to interfere with the growth of potential pathogens such as group a beta-haemolytic streptococci, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. the present paper reviews the application of this concept of interference with respect to the development of common acute ear-, nose- and throat infections. | 2000 | 11082778 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of lb 10827, a new oral cephalosporin, against respiratory pathogens. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of lb 10827, a new oral cephalosporin, against common respiratory tract pathogens were compared with those of six beta-lactams (cefdinir, cefuroxime, cefprozil, penicillin g, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin), two quinolones (trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin), and one macrolide (clarithromycin). the mic of lb 10827 at which 90% of the penicillin-resistant strains of streptococcus pneumoniae tested were inhibited was 0.5 microg/ml, and the drug was 4- t ... | 2000 | 11083626 |
| antibacterial spectrum of a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, bms-284756. | the in vitro spectrum of a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, bms-284756, was compared with those of five fluoroquinolones (trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin). bms-284756 was among the most active and often was the most active quinolone against staphylococci (including methicillin-resistant strains), streptococci, pneumococci (including ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible and penicillin-resistant strains), and enterococcus faecalis. bms-284756 inhibited approximately 6 ... | 2000 | 11083639 |
| quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance among gram-positive bacteria in taiwan. | to understand quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance among clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria in taiwan, where this agent is not yet available for clinical use, we evaluated 1,287 nonduplicate isolates recovered from january 1996 to december 1999 for in vitro susceptibility to quinupristin-dalfopristin and other newer antimicrobial agents. all methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) isolates were susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin. high rates of nonsusceptibility to qui ... | 2000 | 11083643 |
| identification of discrete domains within gonococcal transferrin-binding protein a that are necessary for ligand binding and iron uptake functions. | the availability of free iron in vivo is strictly limited, in part by the iron-binding protein transferrin. the pathogenic neisseria spp. can sequester iron from this protein, dependent upon two iron-repressible, transferrin-binding proteins (tbpa and tbpb). tbpa is a tonb-dependent, integral, outer membrane protein that may form a beta-barrel exposing multiple surface loops, some of which are likely to contain ligand-binding motifs. in this study we propose a topological model of gonococcal tbp ... | 2000 | 11083823 |
| antigenicity, expression, and molecular characterization of surface-located pullulanase of streptococcus pneumoniae. | a putative pullulanase-encoding gene from streptococcus pneumoniae was identified by screening a genomic expression library with human convalescent-phase serum. the 3,864-bp gene encoded a 143-kda protein. surface location and pullulanase activity of the protein, designated spua, was demonstrated. spua was present in all investigated pneumococcal isolates of different serotypes. the spua 5' end was highly conserved among clinical isolates except for a 75-bp region. the properties of spua reporte ... | 2000 | 11083842 |
| comparative in vitro activities of moxifloxacin (bay 12-8039) and other antimicrobial agents against respiratory tract pathogens in brazil. | clinical isolates of respiratory tract pathogens were susceptibility tested against six different antimicrobial agents. the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin was compared with that of levofloxacin, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate acid, azithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against 111 isolates, including streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and other species isolated from respiratory tract infections. all isolates were susceptible to moxifloxacin, ex ... | 1999 | 11084671 |
| [pharmacodynamic basis for the use of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in respiratory infections due to streptococcus pneumoniae: in vitro studies in an experimental model]. | amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is a first choice treatment for respiratory tract infections caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. in a previous study we observed its high efficacy against penicillin-susceptible and intermediate-resistant strains of s. pneumoniae. we aimed to study the efficacy of this antibiotic against three strains of s. pneumoniae (susceptible, intermediate and resistant to penicillin) in a mouse model of pneumonia, and to determin ... | 2000 | 11086282 |
| epidemiological survey of bacterial resistance in upper respiratory tract infections in italy. | the vast majority of infections in the upper airways are caused by four bacterial species;, in italy as elsewhere, antibiotics resistant strains are emerging. enzymatic resistance to beta-lactams in haemophilus influenzae is becoming more important and affects 15% of isolates. on the other hand less than 0.3% of h. influenzae strains are fluoroquinolone-resistant. the number of beta-lactamase-producing moraxella catarrhalis strains in italy has been thought to be lower than in other countries, b ... | 2000 | 11091045 |
| results of the 1997 sentry antimicrobial surveillance program in three brazilian medical centers. | the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program began in january, 1997, and is designed to monitor nosocomial and selected community acquired infections via a worldwide surveillance network of sentinel hospitals distributed equally by geographic location and size. three sites in brazil - rio de janeiro, florianópolis, and são paulo - participated in the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program stet. rank order of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic species causing bloodstrea ... | 1999 | 11098193 |
| bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of one day vs. three day intramuscular ceftriaxone for treatment of nonresponsive acute otitis media in children. | one dose of intramuscular ceftriaxone has been recently licensed in the united states for the treatment of acute otitis media. however, data regarding the bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of this regimen in the treatment of nonresponsive acute otitis media are incomplete. | 2000 | 11099083 |
| identification and detection of stenotrophomonas maltophilia by rrna-directed pcr. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised patients, in transplant recipients, and in persons with cystic fibrosis (cf). while this organism is nonpathogenic in healthy individuals, it is increasingly associated with morbidity and mortality in susceptible populations. recent studies have indicated that for approximately 10% of cf patients with moderate lung disease, s. maltophilia can be cultured from respiratory tract secretions. i ... | 2000 | 11101555 |
| evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of sparfloxacin, relative to other oral antibiotics against 1,125 bacterial isolates from 10 medical centers in brazil. | a multicenter study was carried out in order to compare the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin to ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalexin, cefuroxine and azithromycin, against 1,125 microorganisms recently isolated from clinical specimens, most of them representative of respiratory tract infections. sparfloxacin demonstrated potent action and was more active than the beta-lactam agents and azithromycin against most of the bacterial strains tested. sparfloxacin was more potent (96% ... | 1998 | 11101907 |
| a single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone changes nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children with acute otitis media. | the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria is attributed to the extensive use of antibiotics, which causes selective pressure on the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. shortened courses of antibiotics have been proposed to decrease the development of resistant strains. we determined the effect of a single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone (50 mg/kg) on the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in 167 children (median age 13 mo) with acute otitis media. nasopharyngeal samples for bacterial cultur ... | 2000 | 11106042 |
| airway inflammation and etiology of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the etiologic role of bacterial pathogens isolated from sputum culture in 40 to 50% of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) is controversial. if bacterial pathogens cause these aecb, they should be associated with greater neutrophilic airway inflammation than pathogen-negative exacerbations. | 2000 | 11115440 |
| genetic diversity among strains of moraxella catarrhalis cultured from the nasopharynx of young and healthy brazilian, angolan and dutch children. | the present study describes the carriage patterns and genetic variability of moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated from children living in different countries. moraxella catarrhalis is genetically heterogeneous, but little is known about its geographic distribution and phenotypic and genetic diversity in warm-climate countries. a collection of 99 isolates from 30 brazilian, 19 angolan and 50 dutch healthy children, all less than 5 years of age, was investigated for phenotypic and genotypic rela ... | 2000 | 11117640 |
| susceptibility of bacterial isolates to gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin from clinical trials 1997-1998. | mics of gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin against 3482 pre-treatment, clinical trial isolates collected during 1997-1998 are reported. these data suggested that gatifloxacin was four- to eight-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against gram-positive bacteria, with gatifloxacin mic(90)s < or = 0.33 mg/l against staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae, and < or = 1.0 mg/l versus viridans streptococci and enterococcus faecalis. both quinolones had similar mic(90)s versus enterobacteriaceae ... | 2000 | 11118848 |
| bacterial agents of lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis), beta-lactamase production, and resistance to antibiotics in elderly people. dedalo study group. | this study determined the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections in the elderly and assessed whether the growth of beta-lactamase producing bacteria is particularly favoured in these patients. between december 1998 and may 1999, 187 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap), and 887 patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) were enrolled. the mean age was 74 years (range of 65-94 year). sputum and bronchial aspirate for microbiological inv ... | 2000 | 11118860 |
| macrolide resistance conferred by base substitutions in 23s rrna. | 2001 | 11120937 | |
| pharmacodynamics of telithromycin in vitro against respiratory tract pathogens. | telithromycin (hmr 3647) is a new ketolide that belongs to a new class of semisynthetic 14-membered-ring macrolides which have expanded activity against multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacteria. the aim of the present study was to investigate different basic pharmacodynamic properties of this new compound. the following studies of telithromycin were performed: (i) studies of the rate and extent of killing of respiratory tract pathogens with different susceptibilities to erythromycin and penici ... | 2001 | 11120939 |
| susceptibilities of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis to abt-773 compared to their susceptibilities to 11 other agents. | the activity of the ketolide abt-773 against haemophilus and moraxella was compared to those of 11 other agents. against 210 haemophilus influenzae strains (39.0% beta-lactamase positive), microbroth dilution tests showed that azithromycin and abt-773 had the lowest mics (0.5 to 4.0 and 1.0 to 8.0 microg/ml, respectively), followed by clarithromycin and roxithromycin (4.0 to >32.0 microg/ml). of the beta-lactams, ceftriaxone had the lowest mics (</=0.004 to 0.016 microg/ml), followed by cefixime ... | 2001 | 11120946 |
| pharmacokinetics of the new ketolide telithromycin (hmr 3647) administered in ascending single and multiple doses. | telithromycin (hmr 3647) is a novel ketolide antimicrobial with good activity against both common and atypical respiratory pathogens, including many resistant strains. this randomized, three-period crossover study determined the dose proportionality of telithromycin pharmacokinetics after single and multiple dosing in healthy subjects. in each treatment period, subjects received a single oral dose of 400, 800 or 1,600 mg of telithromycin followed 4 days later by the same dose once daily for 7 da ... | 2001 | 11120961 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of l-084, a novel oral carbapenem, against causative organisms of respiratory tract infections. | l-084 (a prodrug of ljc 11,036 [l-036]) is a new oral carbapenem. here we compared the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of l-036 with those of imipenem, faropenem, ceditoren-pivoxil, cefdinir, amoxicillin, and levofloxacin. the mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited of l-036 against methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, streptococcus pneumoniae including penicillin-resistant organisms, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae including ampicillin-re ... | 2001 | 11120966 |
| evaluation of current activities of fluoroquinolones against gram-negative bacilli using centralized in vitro testing and electronic surveillance. | given the propensity for enterobacteriaceae and clinically significant nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli to acquire antimicrobial resistance, consistent surveillance of the activities of agents commonly prescribed to treat infections arising from these organisms is imperative. this study determined the activities of two fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, and seven comparative agents against recent clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter b ... | 2001 | 11120976 |
| comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against 362 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. | the activity of abt-773, a novel ketolide antibiotic, against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined and compared to the activities of other antimicrobial agents. mics at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (mic(90)s) were </=0.06 microg/ml for actinomyces spp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus spp., propionibacterium spp., and porphyromonas spp. the mic(50)s and mic(90)s were </=0.06 and >32 microg/ml, respectively, for eubacterium spp., lactobacillus spp., clostridi ... | 2001 | 11120995 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis dry extract. | in this study the antibacterial and antifungal properties of propolis, a natural product of bees, have been investigated against different pathogens. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) were determined according to nccls standards on 320 strains including staphylococcus aureus, group a beta-hemolytic streptococci, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, ... | 2000 | 11128558 |
| moraxella catarrhalis pneumonia during hiv disease. | to assess the role of moraxella catarrhalis complications in the setting of hiv disease, and to evaluate their occurrence and outcome according to several epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory parameters, the clinical records of 2123 consecutive hiv-infected patients hospitalized in a 9-year period were retrospectively reviewed, and 4 cases of community-acquired m. catarrhalis pneumonia were identified. three adult patients had a diagnosis of aids and severe concurrent immunodeficiency (with ... | 2000 | 11128560 |
| resistance in respiratory tract pathogens: an international study 1997-1998. | multiple antibiotic resistance threatens current treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (cap). this paper presents a summary of resistance data for streptococcus pneumoniae (6,223 isolates), haemophilus influenzae (4,016) and moraxella catarrhalis (1,263) collected from 153 centers throughout japan, china, uk, germany, spain, france, italy, brazil and usa. antiobiotics tested were: beta-lactams (penicillin, ampicillin, co-amoxiclav, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone), macrolides (azithromycin and ... | 2000 | 11131955 |
| polyp and fibrous adhesion formation in acute otitis media caused by non-typeable or type b haemophilus influenzae or moraxella catarrhalis. | among a variety of other histopathologic changes, polyps and fibrous adhesions are readily formed in the middle ear mucosa during experimental acute otitis media (aom) caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. quantitative studies on experimental aom caused by other bacteria have shown that some of these histopathologic changes, such as adaptive bone modeling and increase in goblet cell density, differ according to the type of bacteria. this investigation surveys polyp and fibrous adhesion formation i ... | 2000 | 11132712 |
| adaptive bone modeling and remodeling in acute otitis media caused by non-typeable or type b haemophilus influenzae or moraxella catarrhalis. | experimental studies have shown that acute otitis media caused by streptococcus pneumoniae alters modeling dynamics in bone tissue structures surrounding the middle ear cavity. initial resorption of bone is followed by formative activity, seen as massive osteoneogenesis. however, neither resorptive nor formative activity occurs in the otic capsule, supporting the existence of a perilymphatic zone of specialized bone. this study investigates adaptive bone modeling in acute otitis media caused by ... | 2000 | 11132713 |
| influence of variations in test methods on susceptibility of haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and telithromycin. | the national committee for clinical laboratory standards standard broth microdilution method for testing the susceptibility of haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and telithromycin was evaluated by altering one variable at a time. variables that were tested included age of colony for inoculum preparation, inoculum density, test medium, incubation atmosphere, and incubation time. for the macrolide, azalide, and ketolide agents, incubation in 5 to 7% co(2) most sign ... | 2001 | 11136745 |
| resistance patterns of lower respiratory tract pathogens in europe. | resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the major respiratory tract pathogens is known to vary profoundly depending on geographic location. in europe high rates (>44%) of penicillin-resistance in pneumococci have been recorded in france and spain, while countries like the netherlands, the czech republic, austria and italy are only marginally affected. similarly, the incidence of macrolide resistance differs widely among european nations with figures ranging from 45.9% (france) to 1.5% (the netherla ... | 2000 | 11137405 |
| five-day twice daily cefdinir therapy for acute otitis media: microbiologic and clinical efficacy. | to examine the microbiologic and clinical efficacy of a 5-day course of cefdinir in the treatment of tympanocentesis-documented acute otitis media (aom). | 2000 | 11144397 |
| cefdinir: an expanded-spectrum oral cephalosporin. | to review the antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and tolerability of cefdinir, an expanded-spectrum oral cephalosporin. | 2000 | 11144705 |
| individual use of antibiotics and prevalence of beta-lactamase production among bacterial pathogens from middle ear fluid. | prescription data and clinical laboratory data were analysed to assess the influence of previous antibiotic therapy on the prevalence of beta-lactamase in isolates of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis from primary specimens of middle ear fluid from 2129 children aged 0-5 years. the prevalence of beta-lactamase-positive h. influenzae was 6.6% [95% confidence interval (ci): 3.5-9.8%] in children who received antibiotics 5-90 days before isolation of the organism compared with 7.0% ( ... | 2001 | 11157910 |
| surveillance of invasive streptococcus pneumoniae infection in the province of quebec, canada, from 1996 to 1998: serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, and clinical characteristics. | in the province of quebec, canada, from 1996 to 1998, 3,650 invasive streptococcus pneumoniae infections were reported. a total of 1,354 isolates were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. the distribution of serotypes remained stable over the 3 years, with serotypes 14, 6b, 4, 9v, 23f, and 19f accounting for 61% of the isolates. overall, 90% of isolates were included in the current 23-valent vaccine and 67% were included in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine. we were able to determ ... | 2001 | 11158138 |
| invasive fungal sinusitis and meningitis due to arthrographis kalrae in a patient with aids. | we report the first described case of arthrographis kalrae pansinusitis and meningitis in a patient with aids. the patient was initially diagnosed with arthrographis kalrae pansinusitis by endoscopic biopsy and culture. the patient was treated with itraconazole for approximately 5 months and then died secondary to pneumocytis carinii pneumonia. postmortem examination revealed invasive fungal sinusitis that involved the sphenoid sinus and that extended through the cribiform plate into the inferio ... | 2001 | 11158158 |
| antimicrobial properties and mode of action of the pyrrothine holomycin. | holomycin, a member of the pyrrothine class of antibiotics, displayed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibiting a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with the exception of enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the antibiotic lacked activity against the eukaryotic microorganisms saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida kefyr. holomycin exhibited a bacteriostatic response against escherichia coli that was associated with rapid inhibition of rna ... | 2001 | 11158751 |
| multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and tolerability of gemifloxacin administered orally to healthy volunteers. | gemifloxacin mesylate (sb-265805-s, lb-20304a) is a potent, novel fluoroquinolone agent with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of oral gemifloxacin were characterized in two parallel group studies in healthy male volunteers after doses of 160, 320, 480, and 640 mg once daily for 7 days. multiple serum or plasma and urine samples were collected on days 1 and 7 and were analyzed for gemifloxacin by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc)-fluore ... | 2001 | 11158752 |
| mechanisms of macrolide resistance in clinical pneumococcal isolates in france. | the genetic basis of macrolide resistance was investigated in a collection of 48 genotypically unrelated clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae obtained between 1987 and 1997 in france. all strains were resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, and streptogramin b, exhibiting a macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b resistance phenotype, and harbored the erm(b) gene. none of the strains carried the mef(a) or erm(a) subclass erm(tr) gene. | 2001 | 11158772 |
| effect of recolonisation with "interfering" alpha streptococci on recurrences of acute and secretory otitis media in children: randomised placebo controlled trial. | to study the effect of recolonisation with alpha streptococci with the ability to inhibit the growth of otopathogens ("interfering" activity) on the recurrence of acute otitis media in susceptible children and the effect on the frequency of secretory otitis media. | 2001 | 11159619 |
| expression of the moraxella catarrhalis uspa1 protein undergoes phase variation and is regulated at the transcriptional level. | the uspa1 protein of moraxella catarrhalis has been shown to function as an adhesin that mediates adherence to human epithelial cell lines in vitro (e. r. lafontaine, l. d. cope, c. aebi, j. l. latimer, g. h. mccracken, jr., and e. j. hansen, j. bacteriol. 182:1364-1373, 2000). in the present study, cell lysates prepared from individual colonies of several m. catarrhalis wild-type strains were analyzed by western blot analysis using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the uspa1 protein. ex ... | 2001 | 11160084 |
| vaccines for moraxella catarrhalis. | vaccine development for moraxella catarrhalis is in the antigen identification stage. m. catarrhalis does not appear to synthesize secreted antigens such as exotoxins, nor does it appear to possess a carbohydrate capsule. modified forms of these antigens are usually good vaccine components. there is some interest in whole bacterial cells and membrane fractions, but the search has largely focused on purified outer surface antigens. all of the present antigens have been selected based on the respo ... | 2000 | 11163472 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis collected from five centers in brazil, 1997-98. | to assess the susceptibility of the key respiratory pathogens streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis to antimicrobial agents used to treat respiratory tract infections. | 2000 | 11168105 |
| in vitro activity of linezolid (u-100766) against haemophilus influenzae measured by three different susceptibility testing methods. | linezolid has excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of gram-positive organisms. early in vitro investigations suggested that the compound also had activity against some gram-negative species, including those commonly associated with community-acquired respiratory tract infections (haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis). against 603 recent clinical isolates of h. influenzae from geographically diverse regions of the world, tested by the reference broth microdilution met ... | 2001 | 11173191 |
| rapid discrimination between bro beta-lactamases from clinical isolates of moraxella catarrhalis using restriction endonuclease analysis. | an important feature of moraxella catarrhalis is the production of beta-lactamases, which causes resistance to the penicillins. restriction enzyme analysis was able to distinguish between the bro-1 and bro-2 beta-lactamase-encoding genes from 89 clinical isolates of m. catarrhalis. this is a rapid, simple and cost effective method of characterizing these genes. | 2001 | 11173194 |
| in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of topical ofloxacin and other ototopical agents. | ototopical agents are extensively used for otitis externa (oe), acute otitis media identified by otorrhea in patients who have tympanostomy tubes (aom-tt) and chronic suppurative otitis media (csom). the quinolones have particular value as ototopical agents because of the broad spectrum of antibacterial activity of importance in otic diseases and the high concentrations of antibacterial activity at the site of infection. | 2001 | 11176586 |
| efficacy of ofloxacin and other otic preparations for acute otitis media in patients with tympanostomy tubes. | otorrhea occurs in 21 to 50% of all children with tympanostomy tubes in the united states. more than 1 million children annually undergo tubomyringotomy, constituting placement of more than 2 million tympanostomy tubes each year. the organisms typically responsible for otorrhea are the same as those that cause otitis media in very young children, including streptococcus pneumonia, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. drainage from tympanostomy tubes in older children involves organi ... | 2001 | 11176590 |
| telithromycin: a new ketolide antimicrobial for treatment of respiratory tract infections. | telithromycin is a new ketolide antimicrobial, specifically developed for the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. it has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against common respiratory pathogens including streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pyogenes. it also has activity against atypical pathogens, such as chlamydia pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila and mycoplasma pneumoniae. telithromycin maintains activity ag ... | 2001 | 11178347 |
| virulence functions of autotransporter proteins. | 2001 | 11179284 | |
| functional characteristics of a protective monoclonal antibody against serotype a and c lipooligosaccharides from moraxella catarrhalis. | a monoclonal antibody (mab), designated mab 8e7 (immunoglobulin g3), specific for moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide (los) was evaluated for its functional activity in vitro and in a mouse model of colonization. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) demonstrated that the mab 8e7 could be prepared to a high titer against los of the homologous strain 035e, and that it had bactericidal activity. mab 8e7 reacted with m. catarrhalis serotype a and c loss but not serotype b los, as measured ... | 2001 | 11179299 |
| dsra-deficient mutant of haemophilus ducreyi is impaired in its ability to infect human volunteers. | haemophilus ducreyi produces an outer membrane protein called dsra, which is required for serum resistance. an isogenic dsra mutant, fx517, was constructed previously in h. ducreyi 35000. compared to its parent, fx517 cannot survive in normal human serum. when complemented in trans with a plasmid containing dsra, fx517 is converted to a serum-resistant phenotype (c. elkins, k. j. morrow, jr., and b. olsen, infect. immun. 68:1608-1619, 2000). to test whether dsra was transcribed in vivo, we succe ... | 2001 | 11179317 |
| exl, an exchangeable genetic island in neisseria meningitidis. | the genetic structure and evolution of a novel exchangeable meningococcal genomic island was defined for the important human pathogen neisseria meningitidis. in 125 meningococcal strains tested, one of three unrelated nucleotide sequences, designated exl (exchangeable locus), was found between a gene required for heme utilization, hemo, and col, encoding a putative escherichia coli collagenase homologue. the 5' boundary of each exl cassette was the stop codon of hemo, whereas the 3' boundary was ... | 2001 | 11179344 |
| comparative bactericidal activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against streptococcus pneumoniae in a dynamic in vitro model. | several new quinolones that exhibit enhanced in vitro activity against streptococcus pneumoniae have been developed. using a dynamic in vitro model, we generated time-kill data for ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against three isolates of quinolone-susceptible s. pneumoniae. three pharmacokinetic profiles were simulated for each of the study agents (0.1, 1, and 10 times the area under the concentration-time curve [auc]). target 24-h aucs ... | 2001 | 11181341 |
| in vitro and in vivo properties of ro 63-9141, a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci. | ro 63-9141 is a new member of the pyrrolidinone-3-ylidenemethyl cephem series of cephalosporins. its antibacterial spectrum was evaluated against significant gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens in comparison with those of reference drugs, including cefotaxime, cefepime, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin. ro 63-9141 showed high antibacterial in vitro activity against gram-positive bacteria except ampicillin-resistant enterococci, particularly vancomycin-resistant strains of enterococcus faecium. ... | 2001 | 11181368 |
| macrolide and fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin) resistances among streptococcus pneumoniae strains: significant trends from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (north america, 1997-1999). | 2000 | 11185065 | |
| [nasopharyngeal bacterial flora and secretory otitis in adults]. | the aa. have realized a prospective study of the links between the bacterial flora of the nasopharynx and the secretory otitis media in grown-up people. for achieving this purpose nasopharyngeal smears of rhinopharyngeal samples belonging to 85 otitic patients and other 85 healthy adults were cultivated. statistical analysis showed that the otitis cases presented with 63.6% of microorganisms potentially pathogenic, being the 17.6% the percentage among healthy individuals (p < 0.001). microorgani ... | 2000 | 11200552 |
| antibiotic-sensitivity of moraxella catarrhalis isolated from clinical materials in 1997-1998. | moraxella catarrhalis (m. catarrhalis) may normally be found in the upper respiratory tract. this bacterium, however, may cause infections such as acute otitis media, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, bronchitis chronica, pneumonia, endocarditis, septicaemia and meningitis. haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and m. catarrhalis were the main causative agents responsible for respiratory tract infections. the major resistance problems associated with these species are those which cause resis ... | 2000 | 11208326 |
| characterization of a novel transferrin receptor in bovine strains of pasteurella multocida. | analysis of bovine respiratory isolates of pasteurella multocida demonstrated that six of nine strains tested were capable of growth dependent upon bovine transferrin and of specifically binding ruminant transferrins. a single 82-kda protein was affinity isolated from the p. multocida strains with immobilized bovine transferrin. in contrast to what has been observed in other species, binding of this protein to immobilized transferrin was specifically blocked by the n-lobe subfragment of bovine t ... | 2001 | 11208786 |
| prospective study of the incidence, aetiology and outcome of adult lower respiratory tract illness in the community. | acute lower respiratory tract illness in previously well adults is usually labelled as acute bronchitis and treated with antibiotics without establishing the aetiology. viral infection is thought to be the cause in most cases. we have investigated the incidence, aetiology, and outcome of this condition. | 2001 | 11209098 |
| correlation between microbiology and previous sinus surgery in patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis. | aspirates of 108 chronically inflamed maxillary sinuses were processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. there were 295 bacterial isolates: 109 aerobic and facultative, and 186 anaerobic. the predominant aerobic isolates were staphylococcus aureus (17 isolates), alpha-hemolytic streptococci (14), pseudomonas aeruginosa (12), moraxella catarrhalis (10), and haemophilus spp (8). the predominant anaerobes were peptostreptococcus spp (61), prevotella spp (45), fusobacterium spp (15), and propionib ... | 2001 | 11219522 |
| [pneumonia and influenza]. | pneumonia is more frequent in the elderly and results in higher mortality. primary viral pneumonia is not so common but important in severe cases. chest x-ray shows grand-glass appearance or linear shadow in pure viral pneumonia cases. that is sometimes specific and clearly different from consolidation or infiltration with bacterial pneumonia. we can try to decrease pneumonia and influenza mortality, if we prevent influenza infections by vaccination and treat by anti-influenza drugs. secondary b ... | 2000 | 11225313 |
| diagnostics of neisseriaceae and moraxellaceae by ribosomal dna sequencing: ribosomal differentiation of medical microorganisms. | fast and reliable identification of microbial isolates is a fundamental goal of clinical microbiology. however, in the case of some fastidious gram-negative bacterial species, classical phenotype identification based on either metabolic, enzymatic, or serological methods is difficult, time-consuming, and/or inadequate. 16s or 23s ribosomal dna (rdna) bacterial sequencing will most often result in accurate speciation of isolates. therefore, the objective of this study was to find a hypervariable ... | 2001 | 11230407 |
| antibiotic susceptibilities among recent clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis from fifteen countries. | between july 1998 and july 1999, 3,060 haemophilus influenzae and 1,486 moraxella catarrhalis strains were isolated in 31 centers in 15 countries in order to determine their antimicrobial susceptibilities and the presence of beta-lactamase production in haemophilus influenzae. overall 17.1% of the haemophilus influenzae isolates were beta-lactamase positive, while more than 95% were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, loracarbef, cefuroxime, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. eleven ( ... | 2001 | 11245326 |
| antibacterial activity of 41 antimicrobials tested against over 2773 bacterial isolates from hospitalized patients with pneumonia: i--results from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (north america, 1998). | pneumonia is the second most frequent cause of nosocomial infection, and hospitalization frequently is needed for community-acquired pneumonia. knowledge of causative pathogens through periodic surveillance, and their prevailing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns becomes paramount in choosing appropriate empiric therapy. the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program, tracks pathogen distribution worldwide since 1997 and documents emerging resistance to a wide range of antimicrobial agents. du ... | 2001 | 11248523 |
| involvement of hxuc outer membrane protein in utilization of hemoglobin by haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae can utilize different protein-bound forms of heme for growth in vitro. a previous study from this laboratory indicated that nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) strain n182 expressed three outer membrane proteins, designated hgba, hgbb, and hgbc, that bound hemoglobin or hemoglobin-haptoglobin and were encoded by open reading frames (orfs) that contained a ccaa nucleotide repeat. testing of mutants expressing the hgba, hgbb, and hgbc proteins individually revealed tha ... | 2001 | 11254593 |
| cd8+ t cells have an essential role in pulmonary clearance of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae following mucosal immunization. | a rodent respiratory experimental model has proved useful for investigating the immune mechanisms responsible for clearance of bacteria from the lungs. immunohistochemical studies in immune and nonimmune rats have identified the cellular kinetics of response to bacterial pulmonary infection for cd8+, cd4+, and gammadelta+ t cells; b cells; and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class ii (mhc-ii). during the course of bacterial clearance, there was no apparent proliferation or ext ... | 2001 | 11254629 |
| study of community acquired pneumonia aetiology (scapa) in adults admitted to hospital: implications for management guidelines. | since the last british study of the microbial aetiology of community acquired pneumonia (cap) about 20 years ago, new organisms have been identified (for example, chlamydia pneumoniae), new antibiotics introduced, and fresh advances made in microbiological techniques. pathogens implicated in cap in adults admitted to hospital in the uk using modern and traditional microbiological investigations are described. | 2001 | 11254821 |
| need for annual surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae in the united states: 2-year longitudinal analysis. | although changing patterns in antimicrobial resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae have prompted several surveillance initiatives in recent years, the frequency with which these studies are needed has not been addressed. to approach this issue, the extent to which resistance patterns change over a 1-year period was examined. in this study we analyzed s. pneumoniae antimicrobial susceptibility results produced in our laboratory with isolates obtained over 2 consecutive years (1997-1998 and 1998-1 ... | 2001 | 11257013 |
| novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase, kpc-1, from a carbapenem-resistant strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. | a klebsiella pneumoniae isolate showing moderate to high-level imipenem and meropenem resistance was investigated. the mics of both drugs were 16 microg/ml. the beta-lactamase activity against imipenem and meropenem was inhibited in the presence of clavulanic acid. the strain was also resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. isoelectric focusing studies demonstrated three beta-lactamases, with pis of 7.2 (shv-29), 6.7 (kpc-1), and 5.4 (tem-1). the presence of bla(shv) and bla ... | 2001 | 11257029 |
| moxifloxacin: clinical efficacy and safety. | the activity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, safety, drug interactions, and dosage and administration of moxifloxacin are reviewed. moxifloxacin is an oral 8-methoxyquinolone antimicrobial approved in december 1999 for use in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia. this fluoroquinolone is active against common community-acquired respiratory pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus in ... | 2001 | 11258173 |
| [pathogenic bacteria in the nasal vestivulum of children with acute respiratory tract infection]. | the isolation frequency of pathogenic bacteria for acute respiratory infection (ari) in the pharynx and nasal vestivulum was investigated. age group-matched children with or without ari including 109 individuals in each group were examined. any of the organisms, which are widely regarded as the pathogens causing ari such as haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, beta-haemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus aureus, and moraxella catarrhalis, were isolated from 91% of the patient group ... | 2001 | 11260878 |
| the relationship between trends in macrolide use and resistance to macrolides of common respiratory pathogens. | the correlation between increased macrolide consumption and the resistance of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis to macrolides in slovenia from 1994 to 1999 was evaluated. the outpatient consumption of macrolides increased from 1.89 to 3.84 defined daily doses (ddd)/1000 inhabitants/day during the observation period. this increase in macrolide consumption was paralleled by a steady increase in macrolide resistance in s. pyogenes (fr ... | 2001 | 11266425 |
| the microbiology of chronic rhinosinusitis: results of a community surveillance study. | in view of the rapidly changing patterns of antibiotic resistance, community surveillance studies are providing important information to help guide practitioners in making their choice of antibiotics. for this community surveillance study, we performed a retrospective chart review of nasal and sinus culture data obtained from 83 patients with typical symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis who visited a community otolaryngologist in rochester, new york. pathogens were isolated in 59 of these patients ... | 2001 | 11269215 |
| mastoiditis: a disease often overlooked by pediatricians. | although mastoiditis can be a life threatening disease, clinicians often overlook it because it is uncommon. we reviewed the presentation and management of all children younger than 15 years of age with the discharge diagnosis of mastoiditis in our hospital from january 1994 through december 1999. nineteen patients that fulfilled the case definition were included. the most common clinical presentation in this series was fever. more specific findings, such as otorrhea, postauricular pain, swellin ... | 2000 | 11269368 |
| [prevalence of moraxella catarrhalis colonization in asymptomatic carriers under 6 years of age]. | to determine the prevalence of upper respiratory tract colonization by moraxella catarrhalis in children under six years of age. | 2001 | 11270281 |
| development of a genomics-based pcr assay for detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae in a large outbreak in new york state. | a genomics-based pcr method was developed and used to test specimens from patients involved in a large outbreak of mycoplasma pneumoniae in a closed religious community in new york state. new p1 adhesin gene primers were designed to bind to 9 of 10 target sequences in the repetitive-element sequences obtained from the whole genome sequence of m. pneumoniae. this pcr method had a sensitivity of 0.006 cfu and a specificity of 100% for m. pneumoniae. the pcr was validated by testing a subset of pat ... | 2001 | 11283060 |
| simultaneous detection of neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, and streptococcus pneumoniae in suspected cases of meningitis and septicemia using real-time pcr. | a single-tube 5' nuclease multiplex pcr assay was developed on the abi 7700 sequence detection system (taqman) for the detection of neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, and streptococcus pneumoniae from clinical samples of cerebrospinal fluid (csf), plasma, serum, and whole blood. capsular transport (ctra), capsulation (bexa), and pneumolysin (ply) gene targets specific for n. meningitidis, h. influenzae, and s. pneumoniae, respectively, were selected. using sequence-specific fluoresc ... | 2001 | 11283086 |
| microbial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in the adult population of 4 municipalities in eastern finland. | to determine the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in the adult population of a defined area, specific antibody responses in paired serum samples, levels of circulating pneumococcal immune complexes in serum samples, and pneumococcal antigen in urine were measured. samples (304 paired serum samples and 300 acute urine samples) were obtained from 345 patients > or =15 years old with community-acquired, radiologically confirmed pneumonia, which comprised all cases in the population of 4 mun ... | 2001 | 11283803 |
| nasopharyngeal carriage and antibacterial susceptibility of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis in estonian children. | 2000 | 11284928 | |
| bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2000: a state-of-the-art review. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is the fourth leading cause of death in the united states. the precise role of bacterial infection in the course and pathogenesis of copd has been a source of controversy for decades. chronic bacterial colonization of the lower airways contributes to airway inflammation; more research is needed to test the hypothesis that this bacterial colonization accelerates the progressive decline in lung function seen in copd (the vicious circle hypothesis). the ... | 2001 | 11292642 |
| intranasal immunization enhances clearance of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and reduces stimulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha production in the murine model of otitis media. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a major pathogen causing otitis media (om). one of the outer membrane proteins of nthi, p6, is a common antigen to all strains and is considered a candidate for mucosal vaccine. we have previously reported that intranasal immunization with p6 and cholera toxin (ct) could induce p6-specific immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies in the middle ear. in the present study, we assessed the effect of intranasal immunization for the protection against nthi-induced ... | 2001 | 11292713 |
| characterization of binding of human lactoferrin to pneumococcal surface protein a. | human lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein that is particularly prominent in exocrine secretions and leukocytes and is also found in serum, especially during inflammation. it is able to sequester iron from microbes and has immunomodulatory functions, including inhibition of both complement activation and cytokine production. this study used mutants lacking pneumococcal surface protein a (pspa) and pspc to demonstrate that the binding of human lactoferrin to the surface of streptococcus pn ... | 2001 | 11292760 |
| in vitro activities of rwj-54428 (mc-02,479) against multiresistant gram-positive bacteria. | rwj-54428 (mc-02,479) is a new cephalosporin with a high level of activity against gram-positive bacteria. in a broth microdilution susceptibility test against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), rwj-54428 was as active as vancomycin, with an mic at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic(90)) of 2 microg/ml. for coagulase-negative staphylococci, rwj-54428 was 32 times more active than imipenem, with an mic(90) of 2 microg/ml. rwj-54428 was active against s. aureus, staphylococc ... | 2001 | 11302805 |
| activities of bms 284756 (t-3811) against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from sentry antimicrobial surveillance program medical centers in latin america (1999). | the antimicrobial activity of bms 284756, a novel des-f(6)-quinolone, was comparatively evaluated against 257 streptococcus pneumoniae, 198 haemophilus influenzae, and 88 moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated in latin america between july and september of 1999 as part of the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program. nearly 28.0% of s. pneumoniae strains were nonsusceptible to penicillin. the rank order of quinolone potency versus s. pneumoniae was bms 284756 (mic at which 90% of isolates were ... | 2001 | 11302811 |
| identification of beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant strains of haemophilus influenzae with four methods and eight media. | a challenge set of 143 non-beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae was tested for ampicillin susceptibility on two broth media and six agar media, using broth microdilution, agar dilution, disk diffusion, and e-test procedures. when beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant (blnar) strains were defined as those for which the ampicillin mic was > or = 4.0 microg/ml, 5 to 44% of our selected strains were blnar depending on the medium and/or test method used. if nonsusceptibl ... | 2001 | 11302835 |
| antibiotic-resistant bacteria in pediatric chronic sinusitis. | limited information exists on emerging bacterial resistance patterns in pediatric chronic sinusitis. | 2001 | 11303824 |
| a multicenter study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and moraxella catarrhalis isolated from patients with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections in 1999 in portugal. | a nationwide multicenter study (including 25 laboratories) of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens commonly associated with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (lrti), with testing undertaken in a central laboratory, was conducted in portugal in 1999. antimicrobial resistance in haemophilus influenzae has not increased in the last decade. of the 498 isolates tested, 12.4% produced beta-lactamase and >95% were susceptible to all antimicrobials except ampicilli ... | 2001 | 11310801 |
| goblet cell density in acute otitis media caused by moraxella catarrhalis. | secretory otitis media is associated with a highly increased goblet cell density, confirming the secretory pathogenesis of this disease. previous studies have shown that the middle ear goblet cell density, and thus the secretory capacity, are massively increased during experimental acute otitis media and at least 6 months thereafter, conceivably predisposing to the subsequent development of secretory otitis media. these studies used middle ear inoculation of either streptococcus pneumoniae, nont ... | 2001 | 11314704 |
| effect of some fractions of alveolar surfactant (phospholipids and sp-a) on the bactericidal activity of different antimicrobials against some respiratory pathogens. | to investigate the effects of physiologic concentrations, at alveolar level, of some fractions of pulmonary surfactant (phospholipids and sp-a) on the bactericidal activity of different antimicrobials against some respiratory pathogens. | 2001 | 11318808 |