Publications

polyadenylic acid on poliovirus rna. ii. poly(a) on intracellular rnas.	the content, size, and mechanism of synthesis of 3'-terminal poly(a) on the various intracellular species of poliovirus rna have been examined. all viral rna species bound to poly(u) filters and contained rnase-resistant stretches of poly(a) which could be analyzed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. at 3 h after infection, the poly(a) on virion rna, relicative intermediate rna, polyribosomal rna, and total cytoplasmic 35s rna was heterogeneous in size with an average length of 75 nucleot ...	1975	167193
polyadenylic acid on poliovirus rna. iii. in vitro addition of polyadenylic acid to poliovirus rnas.	a crude rna polymerase preparation was made from hela cells infected for 3 h with poliovirus. all virus-specific rna species labeled in vitro (35s rna, replicative intermediate rna [ri], and double-stranded rna [dsrna]) would bind to poly(u) filters and contained rnase-resistant stretches of poly(a) which could be analyzed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. after incubation for 45 min with [3-h]atp in the presence of the other three nucleoside triphosphates, the labeled poly(a) on the ri ...	1975	167194
virus isolation and titration at 33 degrees and 37 degrees c.	various prototype viruses and original specimens were comparatively titrated in cell cultures at 33 degrees and 37 degrees c. higher titers at 37 degrees were consistently obtained with adenoviruses; for other viruses (enteroviruses, herpesvirus hominis, vaccinia virus, parainfluenza viruses) the titers were mostly identical at either temperature. original specimens and prototye strains showed the same behavior. the habit to cultivate viruses from throat swabs at 33 degrees c is unsatisfactory f ...	1975	167268
[poliomyelitis in the province of tucuman: isolation, typification and serological study of the virus isolated during the 1971 epidemic].		1975	167412
the molecular biology of poliovirus.		1975	167433
surveillance of enterovirus infections in bangkok. i. isolation of enterovirus from faecal specimens of healthy children.	during the period august 1970 through july 1973, about 50 faecal specimens collected each month from healthy pre-school children of lower economic status in bangkok were studied for virus isolation using primary monkey kidney cells and new born mice. from a total of 1,823 samples, 557 (30.5%) were positive: 86 (4.8%) polioviruses, 77 (4.2%) coxsackieviruses b, 223 (12.2%) echoviruses, and 127 strains (7.0%) of unidentified viruses. altogether, 45 serotypes of enteric viruses were identified. mor ...	1975	167453
comparative study of four microporous filters for concentrating viruses from drinking water.	four microporous virus-absorbent filter media for recovering low levels of virus from 380 liters of drinking water were compared. in addition two of the filter media were compared with 1,900 liters of drinking water. the filter media evaluated were mf nitrocellulose membranes (293 mm), aa cox m-780 epoxy-fiberglass-asbestos disks (267 mm), k-27 yarn-wound fiberglass cartridges + aa cox m-780 disks (127 mm), and balston epoxy-fiberglass tubes (24.5 by 63.5 mm). the filters were used to concentrat ...	1975	167662
the enhancing effect of copper, nickel, and cobalt ions on plaque formation by semliki forest virus (sfv) in chicken embryo fibroblasts.	in cultured chicken embryo fibroblasts treated with copper-(copper cation 10-minus 3.5-10-minus 5 m), nickel and cobalt salts an enhancement of the plating efficiency of semliki forest virus could be observed. this augmented plaque formation was most probably due to a higher adsorption rate of virions to the cell surface under the influence of the transition metal ions. the plating efficiency of west nile virus in chicken-embryo fibroblasts and, to a lesser degree, of poliovius type 1 and 2 in k ...	1975	167680
[a quantitative demonstration of igm with sensitized latex particles].		1975	167688
virus survival on inanimate surfaces.	the persistence of several types of viruses on hard, inanimate surfaces under different relative humidities, temperatures, and types of surfaces was investigated. no differences in survival on glass, vinyl asbestos tile, ceramic tile, and stainless steel were found. under conditions of low humidity and room temperature, adenovirus, poliovirus, and herpes simplex virus survived for at least 8 weeks. vaccinia and coxsackie viruses survived for at least 2 weeks but differences due to surfaces found ...	1975	167927
analysis of specificity of poliovirus inhibitors with inhibitor-resistant mutants of a strain of type 1 poliovirus.	attempts were made to analyze the specificity of inhibitory activities of normal bovine and equine sera to the mahoney strain of type 1 poliovirus. a total of five inhibitory factors were postulated to explain the complicated results. two of the three bovine inhibitors were identical in specificity to certain equine inhibitors despite differences in their mode of virus inactivation and their molecular size. in addition to this, inhibitors that could inactivate certain resistant mutants, but not ...	1975	168261
reaction of poliovirus rnas with antibodies to double-stranded rna demonstrated by an immunochemical binding assay.	an immunochemical binding assay was used to investigate the reactivity of radioactively labeled viral rnas from poliovirus-infected cells with antibodies to the synthetic double-stranded rna, poly(i)-poly(c). a rnase-free antibody-containing serum fraction was employed. poliovirus replicative form reacted with the antibodies to poly(i)-poly(c) as well as or better than poly(i)-poly(c). poliovirus replicative intermediate reacted with the antibodies to a greater extent than poliovirus single-stra ...	1975	168403
[letter: vaccinal poliovirus in 2 cases of diffuse intersititial pneumonia].		1975	168555
non-random frequencies of short oligonucleotide sequences within poliomyelitis and encephalomyocarditis virus rnas.	in poliomyelitis and encephalomyocarditis virus rnas the relative frequencies of several short oligonucleotide sequences differ substantially from those expected on a random basis. the frequencies of cpgp-containing sequences are low, and the frequency of gpupapgp is considerably lower than that of gpapupgp. the relationship of these findings to those obtained from host cell rnas is descussed.	1975	168559
an in vitro method to study the participation of various components in autoimmune hemolytic anemia.	a method is described which allows for the in vitro evaluation of various etiological components in autoimmune hemolytic anemia. as an example of the applicability of the technique, erythrocytes and serum from a patient with an autoimmune hemolytic anemia suspected to be due to poliovirus iii were tested with poliovirus iii and complement. incubation of the patient's cells with complement, poliovirus and autologous serum was required for optimal in vitro fragility. the method is proposed as a pr ...	1997	168715
demonstration of virus in groundwater after effluent discharge onto soil.	the survival of virus present in secondary effluents discharged into a cypress dome was studied. isolations were made from concentrates of water drawn from 10-foot (304.80 cm) deep wells. data presented show vertical and lateral virus movement as well as survival within the dome for 28 days during a period of heavy rains when no effluent was being applied. due to the inefficiency of virus concentration procedures, it is proposed that much of the virus present was probably not demonstrated. a rap ...	1975	168809
[persistence of latex-agglutination inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies against enterovirus in the healthy population (author's transl)].	sera of 122 persons were examined by the neutralization and latex-agglutination inhibition tests for antibodies against polio type i, coxsackie virus type a 9 and b 4, as well as echo virus type 9. with increasing age there was a titre difference between latex-agglutination inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies, due to the earlier fall in the former. these antibodies, contrary to neutralizing ones, were in the lower titre region. the results confirmed the usefulness of the latex-agglutination i ...	1975	169112
virus-specific proteins associated with the replication complex of poliovirus rna.	the poliovirus replication complex was isolated and purified from infected hela s3 cells. preparations with rna-dependent rna polymerase activity were concentrated 200- and 1000-fold with respect to the original virus and total protein content. the enzyme activity was found to be associated with the proteins ncvpi, 2, 3, 4, (5), 6 and vpl/ncvpx. the structural proteins vp2, 3 and 4 were not present. addition of cycloheximide to infected cells resulted in a decrease in the in vitro polymerase act ...	1975	169319
fluoroimidazoles as antiviral agents and inhibitors of polynucleotide biosynthesis.		1975	169446
evidence for control of translation of the viral genome during replication of mengo virus and poliovirus.		1975	169625
[use of cross-absorbed sera in neutralization tests with viral titration by the cytopathogenic effect].	a new method for intratypic antigenic differentiation of poliovirus strains has been developed. the method is based on the use of cross-absorbed sera in neutralization tests where virus is titrated by the cytopathic effect. qualitative differences between the antigenic structure of vaccine and "wild" strains as well as between some "wild" strains of the same serologic type have been found. the method may be used in practical laboratories.	1975	169628
removal of enteroviruses from sewage by bench-scale rotary-tube trickling filters.	the efficacy of a rotary-tube type of trickling filter for removing coxsackievirus a9, poliovirus 1, and echovirus 12 suspended in raw settled sewage was investigated. at filtration rates equivalent to about 10 mgd (million gallons per day)/acre (ca. 3,785 m3/day per acre), the filters removed 95% of the poliovirus, 83% of echovirus 12, and 94% of coxsackievirus a9. coliform, fecal streptococci, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand removals were remarkably similar, averaging 94, ...	1975	169731
microbiological hazards of household toilets: droplet production and the fate of residual organisms.	large numbers of bacteria and viruses when seeded into household toilets were shown to remain in the bowl after flushing, and even continual flushing could not remove a persistent fraction. this was found to be due to the adsorption of the organsims to the porcelain surfaces of the bowl, with gradual elution occuring after each flush. droplets produced by flushing toilets were found to harbor both bacteria and viruses which had been seeded. the detection of bacteria and firuses falling out onto ...	1975	169732
studies on the function of polyadenylic acid on poliovirus rna.	rnaase h was used to remove selectively over 83% of 3' terminal polyadenylic acid [poly(a)] from poliovirus rna. in a single cycle infection with this poly(a)-deficient rna, no evidence for multiplication of the rna was found. to elucidate further the function of poliovirus poly (a), the translational capacity of the rnaase h-treated and untreated rna was studied in a cell-free protein synthesizing system prepared from hela cells. removal of most of the poly(a) did not affect the pattern or amou ...	1975	170001
[inactivation of enteroviruses in seawater].	virus survival in the laboratory was examined in non sterile and sterile seawater. five enteric viruses were studied (poliovirus, coxsackie a and b) at four temperatures 4, 12, 22, 37 degrees. thirty to forty days were required for a 3 log (99.9%) reduction at 22 degrees c, without regard to the virus type, in sterile seawater. survival times were longer at lower temperatures, but shorter in non sterile seawater. a correlation between virus inactivation and particles of natural seawaters was sug ...	1975	170017
the effects of concanavalin a on the early events of infection by rhinovirus type 2 and poliovirus type 2.	the effect of concanavalin a (con a) on the course of early infection of hela cells with purified radioactive human rhinovirus type 2 (hrv-2) or poliovirus type 2 (p-2) has been examined. several early steps in infection were inhibited before the uncoating of parental virus. con a, at 100 mug/ml, reduces attachment of virus when added to cells before infection. con a also detectably slows the normal progression of adsorbed virus to tightly bound forms characterized, in the case of hrv-2, by resi ...	1975	170375
poliovirus inactivation by activated sludge.		1975	170427
[sensitivity of various primate cells and animal viruses to the antiviral activity of human leukocyte interferon (author's transl)].	u cells (a permanent, human amnion cell line) were protected against infection with semliki forest virus (sfv) by human interferon (hif) from peripheral leukocytes. despite the usual genus-specific action of interferons, mouse l929 cultures (a permanent mouse fibroblast cell line) were also protected by hif. the antiviral action of hif in six other primate cell cultures was also examined. it is of interest that two lymphoblastoid cell lines, rpmi1788 and kaplan, were insensitive to hif. the sens ...	1975	170886
reciprocal antagonism of two transfection methods.		1975	170889
attempts to extend the genetic map of poliovirus temperature-sensitive mutants.	eighteen new ts mutants of poliovirus have been isolated after a variety of mutagenic treatments, and their loci identified in relation to the previous genetic map. the map was only extended by 25%, and the physiological characters of the new isolates corresponded in all aspects tested with those of the previous isolates. apparently single mutants at the extreme left of the map were defective in synthesis of both double- and single-stranded rna, functions that do not co-vary in other mutants. tw ...	1975	171333
[application of the neutralization index comparison method to the intratyping identification of 1 e 3 types of poliovirus using hep-2 cell cultures].		1975	171760
polyadenylic acid on poliovirus rna iv. poly(u) in replicative intermediate and double-stranded rna.		1975	171838
[influence of some substances on the titration of a poliovirus aqueous suspension (author's transl)].	important changes of virus titer are observed when low concentration of mineral salts (nacl, mgcl2, alcl3) or detergents (tween 80) are added to a poliovirus suspension in distilled water. calf serum addition to these suspensions induces new variations of virus titer. the highest titre is obtained in isotonic medium with calf serum.	1975	171987
[effect of sodium salicylate on the "in vitro" development of rna viruses (author's transl)].	sodium salicylate 10(-3) m is able to limit the number of plaques induced by rna viruses on monkey kidney cell cultures (cercopithecus aethiops and macaccus rhesus). however, the inhibition rate changes with the virus type or even the strain used. poliovirus 2, coxsackie b3, echovirus and reovirus 1 were the most susceptible to the inhibitory effect of the drug. latent infection caused by sv5 decreases the antiviral activity of salicylate. the stages of the poliovirus type 2 growth affected by s ...	1975	171988
studies on the survival and fate of enteroviruses in an experimental model of a municipal solid waste landfill and leachate.	in laboratory scale municipal solid waste lysimeters containing simulated refuse, and seeded with either laboratory or field strains of poliovirus type 1 and echovirus type 7, viruses were not detected in the lysimeter leachate produced over a 4-month period. in addition, viruses were detected in the lysimeter refuse contents after termination of lysimeter operation. these results appeared to be due to virus retention in the lysimeter caused by virus adsorption and virus inactivation. evidence f ...	1975	172012
changes in secondary structure of poliovirus ribonucleic acid.		1990	172020
studies on the effect of inactivated viruses on the growth of poxvirus variolae. ii. the effect of some viruses varying in heat-inactivation degree.		1975	172175
[confirmation of the localization on human chromosome f19 of a structural gene of poliovirus receptors].	the study of permissivity for poliovirus and the study of enzymatic markers in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids presents a very positive correlation between the presence of the poliovirus receptor and the presence of a well known enzyme marker, the phosphoglucoseisomerase (gpi), localized on the human chromosome f 19.	1975	172256
protein synthesis during aging of human cells in culture. direction by polio virus.		1975	172341
translation of poliovirus rna in vitro: detection of two different initiation sites.		1989	172645
replication of picornaviruses. i. evidence from in vitro rna synthesis that poly(a) of the poliovirus genome is genetically coded.	a crude replication complex has been isolated from poliovirus-infected hela cells and used for synthesis of poliovirus replicative intermediate (ri) rna, replicative form (rf) rna, and single-stranded (ss) rna in vitro. all three classes of virus-specific rna synthesized in vitro are shown to contain poly(a). poly(a) of rf and of ss rna [rf-poly(a) and ss-poly(a)] has a chain length (50 to 70 nucleotides) that is shorter than that of poly(a) of in vivo-synthesized rnas. poly(a) of ri [ri-poly(a) ...	1975	172656
complete translation of poliovirus rna in a eukaryotic cell-free system.	poliovirus rna stimulates imcorporation of 35s from both [35s]methionine and formyl-[35s]methionyl-trnafmet in cell-free systems derived from hela cells or from poliovirus-infected hela cells. the largest product formed under the direction of the viral rna is the same size as the polyprotein thought to represent translation of the entire rna. synthesis of this polyprotein and other large products was stimulated greatly by increasing the salt concentration during the reaction from the optimum for ...	1975	172898
heat-accelerated radioinactivation of attenuated poliovirus.	attenuated poliovirus is inactivated in a synergistic manner when exposed simultaneously to heat and ionizing radiation. the synergistic response is observed in both the thermally labile and stable forms of the virus. a three-term kinetic model may be used to describe the inactivation response of the virus in a thermal and/or ionizing radiation environment.	1975	172939
defective interfering (di) particles of poliovirus.		1975	172972
[experimental results with systematically synthetized substances for antiviral chemotherapy / 4th communication: the role of physical binding in the synthesis of antiviral chemotherapeutics and its influence on potential mutagenic effects (author's transl)].	13 antiviral substances containing specific hydrogen bridge linkage systems out of the classes of 2-substituted 4-phenylthiazoles, 4-phenylimidazoles and indandiones-(1,3) were tested for their mutagenic potency in the host-mediated assay, in bone marrow of rats, in spermatogonia of mice and in the micronucleus test of rats. only one substance, n1-methyl-n2-[4-phenylthiazolyl-(2)]-urea, was found to be mutagenic. this fact substantiates the hypothesis that the antiviral effectiveness of the subs ...	1975	173351
absence of poly (a) from the infective rna of nodamura virus.	with the exception of phage qbeta, the rnas of all the other small icosahedral rna viruses so far examined contain a poly (a) tract. this tract has been implicated in the infectivity of poliovirus rna. we have now shown that nodamura virus, a divided genome virus from which infective rna can be extracted, does not contain any poly (a) tracts. this evidence with nodamura virus shows that poly (a) is not a necessary requirement for the infectivity of virus rna molecules.	1976	173797
poliovirus proteins associated with the replication complex in infected cells.	viral polypeptides associated with the membrane-free replication complex of poliovirus rna were multiple in nature. the structural protein precursors [vp0, vp1, vp3] predominated, and because they were found in a cytoplasmic component with the same s value and density as the replication complex are likely to be attached to it in vivo. they were not present in the form of empty capsids. the electrophoretic polypeptide pattern of the membrane-bound replication complex was similar but showed a pred ...	1976	173800
comparative aspects of the replication of alphaviruses and poliovirus.	the replication of both alpha- and picornaviruses results in the production of plus-stranded viral progeny. each of these two classes of virus devotes about the same amount of viral genetic information to structural proteins but the alphaviruses use more genetic information for non-virion proteins. this additional information may be required because the alphaviruses have a much broader host range. alternatively, the additional information may be required for interrupted transcription that yields ...	1975	173940
effect of breast-feeding on seroresponse of infants to oral poliovirus vaccination.	three hundred indian infants between 6 and 51 weeks of age were divided into six groups and given three doses of trivalent oral polio vaccine (opv) of known adequate potency. one group was on unrestricted breast-feeding with mandatory breast-feed during the interval between 30 minutes before and 15 minutes after each dose of opv. in four groups of infants breast-feeding was withheld for three, four, five, and six hours both before and after each dose of opv. the sixth group was bottle-fed. sampl ...	1976	174056
5'-terminal structure of poliovirus polyribosomal rna is pup.	poliovirus rna purified from virus-specific polyribosomes does not contain m7g in a 5'-5'-pyrophosphate linkage at its 5'-end. the only potential 5'-end found in ribonuclease digests of this rna is pup, which is present in a yield of 1 mole/mole of poliovirus rna. we conclude that a 5'-terminal m7g is not required for translation of at least one rna species in animal cells.	1976	174102
the 5' end of poliovirus mrna is not capped with m7g(5')ppp(5')np.	poliovirus was grown in hela cells in the presence of phosphorus-32 and actinomycin d. three to four hours after infection, viral mrna was recovered from polyribosomes and its identity verified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of rnase t1 digests. digestion of the viral [32p]mrna with rnase t2 and separation of the products by ion exchange chromatography at ph 5 yielded pup as possible 5' terminus but no "capping group" of the structure m7g(5')ppp(5')np. total cytoplasmic [32p]rna of hela ...	1996	174106
a method of isolating enteroviruses from meat].	a method of isolating the virus echo ii in specimens of stewed beef and cutlets is assessed. the procedure involves obtaining extracts of the meat with the saline (in ratios of 1:2 and 1:4) in combination with processing with freon 113. this method failed to detect in the meat samples analyzed 20-30 cpd50 of the virus in 1 g. experiments demonstrated that eluation of the poliovirus from the meat into an aqueous saline depended on the proportion of meat and the eluating solution. it was shown tha ...	1975	174319
[analysis of cultures infected by vaccinal strains of viruses for detecting in them the integrated genome of these viruses (author's transl)].	white mice of 10-12 g were immunized with one of the three virus vaccines (vaccines against poliomyelitis, measles, smallpox) at various intervals. poliovirus type ii and measles virus, edmonston strain, were labeled in tissue culture with 3h-uridine (30/uci/ml). smallpox virus (rabbit strain) was labeled with 3h-thymidine (30/uci per ml) also in tissue culture. after purification and concentration of labeled poliomyelitis and measles viruses, viral rna was isolated by double extraction with phe ...	1975	174321
human exposure to sv40: review and comment.		1976	174424
use of iodinated organic compounds for the density gradient centrifugation of viruses.	use of urografin and conray for the equilibrium centrifugation of viruses is described. these pharmaceuticals, which consist of iodinated arylic compounds, reach densities of 1.6 g/cm3 and have low intrinsic viscosities. poliovirus, newcastle disease virus, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were centrifuged to equilibrium in gradients made of these substances. viral infectivities were not measurably affected, which is especially noteworthy in the case of the very labile lymphocytic choriome ...	1975	174530
[distribution and characteristics of poliovirus strains circulating in poland in 1968-1972. ii. genetic characteristics of strains isolated during the 1968 poliomyelitis epidemic, from sporadic cases and from sewage].		1997	175225
[reproduction of enteroviruses and membrane potential of the affected cell].		1975	175247
[development of poliovirus infection in laboratory animals of different species].	the capacity of vaccine and virulent strains of poliomyelitis virus to multiply in laboratory animals of different species was studied. virus reproduction was judged by formation of photoresistant virus progeny in response to inoculation of the animals with photosensitized virus. multiplication of virulent poliomyelitis virus strains observed in the majority of animal species examined (monkeys, newborn and adult cotton rats, newborn and adult white mice, chickens, chick embryos) resulted in acti ...	1975	175580
[formation and persistence of latex-agglutination-inhibiting igg- and igm-antibodies in rabbits inoculated with poliomyelitis, coxsackie and encephalomyocarditis viruses (author's transl)].	the formation and presistence of virus specific igg- and igm-antibodies produced in rabbits after a single dose of poliomyelitisvirus, coxsackievirus or encephalomyocarditisvirus were tested comparatively by latex-agglutination-inhibition test, hemagglutination-inhibition test and neutralization test. the animals were immunized either intravenously alone or with freund's complete adjuvant. the igm-antibodies were only detectable for a short time by the three tests. in the igg-fraction and in the ...	1975	175613
letter: antibodies to poliovirus and measles virus.		1976	175911
characterization of an enterovirus associated with acute infectious lymphocytosis.	an enterovirus (evu-16) previously isolated from children with acute infectious lymphocytosis has been further characterized. the evu-16 virus sediments as a 135s particle in sucrose gradients, has a density of 1-335 g/ml in cscl, contains 4 polypeptides and has a single stranded rna genome sedimenting at 35s. these structural features as well as the presence of a virus-related particle, the procapsid, are similar to those of other enteroviruses. however, the largest polypeptide of evu-16 is 490 ...	1976	176314
chlorination and iodination of poliovirus and f2.		1976	176476
[antiviral effect of acridine derivative c 283].		1976	176540
[anterior subacute poliomyelitis. clinical study. apropos of a case with isolation of poliovirus type ii in the cerebrospinal fluid].		1975	176714
neutralization of poliovirus: a hypothesis to explain the mechanism and the one-hit character of the neutralization reaction.		1976	176784
[lipid composition of cellular systems following viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. ii. determination of the content of total lipids, phospholipids and neutral lipids in cells infected with respiratory viruses].		1975	176826
[lipid composition of cellular systems following respiratory virus infection. iii. determination of fatty acid composition by gas chromatography].		1975	176827
[study of the behavior of poliomyelitis virus type 1 in diffrerent hydrous media (author's transl)].	after having analyzed several surveys on natural inactivation of viruses in water, the authors have attempted to determine the survival life of poliomyelitis virus type 1 in hydrous medium, of known composition, well-buffered and devoid of any bacterial contamination on the one hand, and on the other hand, in a similar medium with addition of organic humate-type substances. the experiment was carried out at 4 degrees c and at laboratory room temperature (18 degrees c-24 degrees c). results tend ...	1975	176841
naturally occurring antiglobulin factors in virus neutralization: homoreactant as a factor enhancing neutralization of the infectious complex of poliovirus with the fab' antibody fragment.	a factor present in normal rabbit sera enhanced the neutralization of the infectious complex of poliovirus with the pepsin fab' fragment of rabbit immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody but showed no activity for the infectious complex of the same virus with igg antibody. the factor was associated with igg, and its activity was inhibited by the pepsin fab' fragment of normal rabbit igg. the data suggest that the enhancing factor belongs to naturally occurring antiglobulin to the homologous fab' fragmen ...	1976	177361
the response to oral poliovaccine in persons aged 16-18 years.	serum neutralizing antibodies to polioviruses were titrated in serum samples from 182 police cadets aged 16-18 years before and, in 168 of the cadets, 6 weeks after vaccination with a single dose of oral polio vaccine (opv). faecal excretion of poliovirus was also followed. vaccination histories were obtained and confirmed whenever possible. pre-vaccination antibody could not be detected against type 1 in 9-3% cadets, against type 2 in 2-7% and against type 3 in 7-7%. absence of antibody to at l ...	1976	177700
the effect of tilorone hydrochloride on the growth of several animal viruses in tissue cultures.	tilorone hydrochloride, at a concentration of 10 mug/ml inhibits the growth of herpes simplex virus type 1 in bs-c-1 cells. the growth of vaccinia virus in bs-c-1 cells is partially inhibited; however, six viruses containing rna, including four members of the togavirus group grown in chick fibroblasts, are not affected by the drug. the inhibition of the growth of herpes virus by tilorone hydrochloride is greater when the multiplicity of infection is lower than 1 p.f.u/cell and when the drug is a ...	1976	177724
inhibition of protein synthesis in reticulocyte lysates by poliovirus.	addition of 1 x 10(10) p.f.u. purified poliovirus to 100 mul of a rabbit reticulocyte lysate protein synthesizing system causes a complete inhibition of initiation of protein synthesis. this inhibition is not due to the viral rna nor to any contaminants of the preparation, but is most likely caused by the viral coat protein.	1976	177725
structural difference between the 5' termini of viral and cellular mrna in poliovirus-infected cells: possible basis for the inhibition of host protein synthesis.	host protein synthesis in poliovirus-infected hela cells is interrupted, but the host mrna appears to remain completely intact and unmodified. the average size and poly (a) content of host mrna was previously known to be unchanged (koschel, 1974; leibowitz and penman, 1971), and this was confirmed. in addition, the 5' terminal methylated "cap" structures remained intact, and no further base modifications at the level of 1 base in 1,000 could be detected. poliovirus rna from viruses was previousl ...	1976	178904
enterovirus type 70 virion and intracellular proteins.	the proteins of purified enterovirus type 70 grown in rhabdomyosarcoma cells and the intracellular proteins at 4 to 5 h after infection have been examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. virions contained four proteins: p-1 (35,000, daltons) p-2 (28,000, daltons) p-3 (27,000, daltons) and p-4 (9,000 daltons). further, addition of zncl2 to infected cultures inhibited virus plaque development and interfered with post-translational cleavage.	1976	178922
further studies of specificity of antibodies contained in antiserum against poliovirus.	antigenic components of mahoney strain (poliovirus type 1) involved in virus neutralization reaction were analyzed with mutant mahoney strains resistant to inhibitors in equine serum (inhibitor-resistant mutants) by means of the kinetic neutralization test. it was shown that absorption of anti-mahoney serum with five inhibitor-resistant mutants yielded sera with different antibodies, of which three had distinct specificities and two specificities possibly partly related to one of those three ser ...	1976	178940
[poliovirus and simian adenovirus replication in mixed infections of primary monkey kidney cell cultures].		1976	178967
[effect of environmental physico-chemical factors on poliovirus replication].		1976	178968
[effect of migillin on protein synthesis in intact and virally infected tkce and fl cells].	the effect of migillin was studied with respect to protein synthesis in the cells of tkce (transplantable line of cells of the kidneys of cow embryos) and fl--intact and infected with viruses of aphtous fever a22, strain 550 and poliomyelitis of type iii, strain saukett respectively. simultaneously the effect of migillin on sensitivity of the cells to the above viruses was tested. the synthesis of protein was determined by incorporation of c14-glycine into the acid insoluble fraction of the cell ...	1976	179466
calcium hydroxide (lime) and the elimination of human pathogenic viruses from sewage: studies with experimentally-contaminated (poliovirus type 1, sabin) and pilot plant samples.		1976	179691
demonstration of a core in poliovirus particles by electron microscopy.	electron microscopic examination of poliovirus in cscl-solutions without conventional staining with phosphotungstic acid or uranyl acetate revealed the existence of cores inside poliovirus particles. empty capsids could not be visualized by this technique. evidently, cscl can enhance the contrast of the virus particle to an extent sufficient for the study of poliovirus particles by electron microscopy under conditions in which they exhibit specific properties.	1976	180251
[permissivity of mouse-man hybrid cell clones to three enteroviruses: poliovirus ii, coxsackie b3 and echovirus 11. role of human chromosome f. 19 (author's transl)].	the permissivity of human cells to enteroviruses is linked to the presence of specific cell receptors. owing to the chance elimination of human chromosomes, the man-mouse hybrid cells may be permissive or not depending on the genome responsible for synthesis of the receptors, and whether it has been conserved or not. by comparison of the cytopathogenic effects and virus production after inoculation of the viruses polio ii, echo 11 and coxsachie b3 to various hybrid strains, we observed an identi ...	1976	180477
poliovirus-induced inhibition of polypeptide initiation in vitro on native polyribosomes.	the inhibition of hela cell protein synthesis by poliovirus was studied by examining initiation in vitro on endogenous host polyribosomes. at an early stage, before major viral rna replication and protein synthesis begins, the initiation of translation on cellular mrna is strongly inhibited. fractionation of extracts from infected cells shows that the lesion is associated mainly with the crude polyribosome fraction. the cellular mrna appears unchanged and is as active as mrna from control cells ...	1976	180525
[experimental data on the virological study of pasteurized milk].	virological analyses of sterile milk per se enabled the poliovirus to be disclosed with a concentration of 30 infection units in 1 ml. to determine such doses of the viruses in pasteurized milk the viruses have to be concentrated, for prior to cytopathogenic manifestations subsequent to these viral doses there occurs bacterial germination. in achieving poliovirus concentration in pasteurized milk are suitable polyethyleneglycol, molecular weight 15 000, and polyvinylpyrolidon, molecular weight 1 ...	1975	180688
[effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose on enterovirus reproduction in hep-2 cell cultures].	the influence of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2dg) on reproduction of some enteroviruses was studied. when 2dg was added to carbohydrate-free medium. it exerted a marked inhibiting effect on reproduction of poliovirus type i (virulent and attenuated variants) and coxsackie b1, b2, b3, b5 and b6 viruses. the agent was inactive for virulent and attenuated poliomyelitis type ii viruses. poliomyelitis type iii and coxsackie b4 viruses were shown to be incable of multiplication in carbohydrate-free medium whe ...	1976	180691
poliovirus antibody differentiation. methods and application for strain specific diagnosis in complications after oral vaccination.	differentiation both of cf. and neutralizing antibodies against poliovirus seems to be a suitable method for the discrimination of the causative virus strain-either wild type or attenuated- of the clinical disease. antibody differentiation is not only a completion of the virus strain differentiation methods (marker tests) but is especially of value in those cases in which no virus could be obtained for characterization, when indemnity claims for vaccination incidents are to be evaluated.	1976	180727
demonstration of solids-associated virus in wastewater and sludge.	data presented demonstrate the relatively high multiplicity of solids-associated virus in field samples, i.e., wastewater, sludge, and soils. influent, effluent, and chlorinated effluent samples showed 16.1 to 100% of the total virus demonstrated in samples to be solids associated. three techniques for freeing solids-associated virus are described and compared. using sonication of solids and polyethylene glycol concentration, virus was demonstrated in fully digested sludge (60 days at 34 c), san ...	1976	180882
inactivation of poliovirus in digested sludge.	the effect of anaerobically digested sludge on poliovirus during incubation at temperatures between 28 and 4 c was studied. although virus was fully recoverable from sludge, its infectivity decreased in proportion to the time and temperature of incubation. the rate ranged from greater than 1 log per day at 28 c to about 1 log every 5 days at 4 c. the mechanism of inactivation was studied at the lower temperature where the sedimentation coefficients of most inactivated particles were not detectab ...	1976	180887
restricted replication of herpes simplex virus in neural cells.		1976	181756
vaccine-associated poliomyelitis in the united states, 1961-1972.	although poliovirus vaccines have led to a dramatic reduction in the incidence of poliomyelitis in the united states, there is evidence that vaccine-related cases have occurred in both vaccine recipients (recipient cases) and their contacts (contact cases) and that the incidence and epidemiologic characteristics of these cases in the 12-year period 1961-1972 have changed. before 1965, there were 63 recipient cases compared with only 16 between 1965 and 1972. these latter cases were in younger pe ...	1976	181984
[adsorption of enteroviruses on nitrate cellulose membranes: influence of mineral salts, detergents and calf serum (author's transl)].	the filtration through cellulose nitrate membranes of a poliovirus type ii suspension in distilled water alone or with added mineral salts (nacl, mgcl2, alcl3) results in adsorption of the virus. the maximal adsorption is obtained with nacl. a detergent in the virus suspension or a pretreatment of the membranes with calf serum prevents this adsorption. elution of the adsorbed enteroviruses is achieved with alcaline and proteinaceous buffer.	1976	182051
[poliomyelitis in the german federal republic 1974-1975 (author's transl)].	the virological surveillance of poliomyelitis in 1974-1975 led to the detection of specific characteristics of wild viruses in 57 out of 221 cases of poliovirus isolation. the disease symptoms were typical for poliomyelitis in 36 of these cases, less characteristic in 13. polio wildvirus was isolated 8 times from the surroundings of the patients. in 36 foreign patients and one german the causative agent was imported from an endemic area. in these cases and in a further 7 german patients the dise ...	1976	182446
non-specific immunity after local immunization.	the most important advantage of local immunization is the non-specific effect. the active protection test in mice shows an immunity against oral infection with virulent salmonella typhimurium bacteria after oral immunization with heterologous inactivated enterobacteria. we observed the same non-specific protection in a viral model. after oral immunization with inactivated s. typhimurium bacteria, the mice are protected against oral infection with a virulent parapoliomyelitis virus. in the phagoc ...	1976	182583
interaction of liposomes with subviral particles of poliovirus type 2 and rhinovirus type 2.	subviral particles ("a particles") were produced from rhinovirus type 2 by treatment with acid and from poliovirus type 2 by incubation at 37 degrees c in a low-ionic-strength buffer. a particles, but not virions, adsorbed to liposomes. it is proposed that these reactions may provide an in vitro model for two early steps of infection.	1976	183023
[production and characterization of some mouse embryo cellular substrates in vitro].	cell cultures with a different multiplication potential in vitro, depending upon the strain source used, were obtained from mouse embryos belonging to the cva, c57 black a2g and swiss strains. only the swiss 12 culture underwent spontaneous transformation and was carried through more than 50 passages in vitro. the swiss-12 substrate proved not to be contaminated either by viruses or micoplasma. it is less sensitive than other elective cell substrates to infection with attenuated polioviruses, cy ...	1976	183259
cleavage site alterations in poliovirus-specific precursor proteins.		1976	183354
anomalous behavior of certain poliovirus polypeptides during sds-gel electrophoresis.		1976	183562
[findings of virus-neutralizing antibodies against polioviruses in the population of slovakia 9 and 12 years following introduction of immunization by attenuated polioviruses (author's transl)].		1976	183864
[viral diseases in pregnancy].		1976	184014
test method for determination of virucidal efficacy of liquid surface disinfectants.	a test method was developed incorporating aoac use-dilution stainless steel penicylinders and h.ep.-2 tissue culture cells for the evaluation of disinfectants as virucides. the subsequent collaborative study using herpes simplex and poliovirus type 1 in evaluation against a quaternary ammonium compound, phenolic, and iodiphor disinfectants indicated that the basic test procedure is sound. however, an improved virus concentration technique and a modified method for drying virus-contaminated cylin ...	1976	184075
genesis and maintenance of a persistent infection by canine distemper virus.	vero cells were persistently infected with canine distemper virus by continuous undiluted passage of virus harvests. the cells were refractory to superinfection by both measles virus and canine distemper virus. these persistently infected cells produced and released into the medium a labile component which had a potent and selective inhibitory effect on the replication of canine distemper and measles virus. the inhibitory agent was not inactivated by u.v.-irradiation or sedimented by ultracentri ...	1976	184239